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Panda K, Kim JE, Sankaran KJ, Lin IN, Haenen K, Duesberg GS, Park JY. Hydrogenation of diamond nanowire surfaces for effective electrostatic charge storage. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:7308-7321. [PMID: 33889909 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00189b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We report a novel versatile method for writing charged areas on diamond nanowire (DNW) surfaces using an atomic force microscopy (AFM) tip. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) investigations revealed the existence of abundant plate-like diamond aggregates, which were encased in layers of graphite, forming nano-sized diamond-graphite composites (DGCs) on DNW surfaces. These DGCs are the main feature, acting as charge-trapping centers and storing electrostatic charge. A hydrogenation process has been observed effectively enhancing the charge-trapping properties of these DNW materials. The effective charge trapping properties with hydrogenation are ascribed to the disintegration of the DGCs into smaller pieces, with an overall increase in the metallic nanographitic phase fractions in a dielectric diamond matrix. Moreover, the written charge on the surface can be easily modified, re-written, or completely erased, enabling application in diamond-based re-writable electronic devices. However, excessive hydrogenation degrades the charge-trapping properties, which is attributed to the etching of the DGCs from the surface. This study demonstrates the potential importance of a simple hydrogenation process in effective electrostatic charge trapping and storage for diamond related nanocarbon materials and the role of DGCs to further enhance it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kalpataru Panda
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
- Institute of Physics, EIT 2, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Universität der Bundeswehr München, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany
| | - Jae-Eun Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
| | | | - I-Nan Lin
- Department of Physics, Tamkang University, 251 Tamsui, Taiwan, Republic of China
| | - Ken Haenen
- Institute for Materials Research (IMO), Hasselt University, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
- IMOMEC, IMEC vzw, 3590 Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Georg S Duesberg
- Institute of Physics, EIT 2, Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology, Universität der Bundeswehr München, Werner-Heisenberg-Weg 39, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany
| | - Jeong Young Park
- Department of Chemistry, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
- Center for Nanomaterials and Chemical Reactions, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Daejeon, 34141, South Korea.
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Madhuri KP, Sagade AA, Santra PK, John NS. Templating effect of single-layer graphene supported by an insulating substrate on the molecular orientation of lead phthalocyanine. BEILSTEIN JOURNAL OF NANOTECHNOLOGY 2020; 11:814-820. [PMID: 32551206 PMCID: PMC7277535 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.11.66] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2020] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The influence of single-layer graphene on top of a SiO2/Si surface on the orientation of nonplanar lead phthalocyanine (PbPc) molecules is studied using two-dimensional grazing incidence X-ray diffraction. The studies indicate the formation of a mixture of polymorphs, i.e., monoclinic and triclinic forms of PbPc with face-on (lying down) and edge-on (standing up) PbPc orientations, respectively. The formation of monoclinic fractions is attributed to the presence of the graphene layer directing the π interactions between the highly delocalized macrocycles. The competing interfacial van der Waals forces and molecule-molecule interactions lead to the formation of a small fraction of triclinic moieties. The nanoscale electrical characterization of the thin PbPc layer on graphene by means of conducting atomic force microscopy shows enhanced vertical conductance with interconnected conducting domains consisting of ordered monoclinic crystallites through which the charge transfer occurs via tunneling. These results show the importance of a templating layer to induce the formation of a required phase of PbPc suitable for specific device applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Priya Madhuri
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Jalahalli, Bengaluru 560 013, India
| | - Abhay A Sagade
- Laboratory for Advanced Nanoelectronic Devices, Sir C. V. Raman Research Park, Department of Physics & Nanotechnology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur 603 203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Pralay K Santra
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Jalahalli, Bengaluru 560 013, India
| | - Neena S John
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences, Jalahalli, Bengaluru 560 013, India
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Madhuri KP, Santra PK, Bertram F, John NS. Current mapping of lead phthalocyanine thin films in the presence of gaseous dopants. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:22955-22965. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03873f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Iodine doping in nonplanar Pb(ii)phthalocyanine causes significant structural reorganization and enhanced conductance with nanoscale conducting pathways and improved sensitivity towards other gaseous adsorbates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - F. Bertram
- DESY Photon Science
- Notkestr. 22607 Hamburg
- Germany
| | - Neena S. John
- Centre for Nano and Soft Matter Sciences
- Jalahalli
- India
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Dyachenko O, Diek N, Shapiro Y, Tamang R, Harneit W, Reichling M, Borodin A. A diamond (1 0 0) surface with perfect phase purity. Chem Phys Lett 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2015.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Ho D, Wang CHK, Chow EKH. Nanodiamonds: The intersection of nanotechnology, drug development, and personalized medicine. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2015; 1:e1500439. [PMID: 26601235 PMCID: PMC4643796 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.1500439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 07/20/2015] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
The implementation of nanomedicine in cellular, preclinical, and clinical studies has led to exciting advances ranging from fundamental to translational, particularly in the field of cancer. Many of the current barriers in cancer treatment are being successfully addressed using nanotechnology-modified compounds. These barriers include drug resistance leading to suboptimal intratumoral retention, poor circulation times resulting in decreased efficacy, and off-target toxicity, among others. The first clinical nanomedicine advances to overcome these issues were based on monotherapy, where small-molecule and nucleic acid delivery demonstrated substantial improvements over unmodified drug administration. Recent preclinical studies have shown that combination nanotherapies, composed of either multiple classes of nanomaterials or a single nanoplatform functionalized with several therapeutic agents, can image and treat tumors with improved efficacy over single-compound delivery. Among the many promising nanomaterials that are being developed, nanodiamonds have received increasing attention because of the unique chemical-mechanical properties on their faceted surfaces. More recently, nanodiamond-based drug delivery has been included in the rational and systematic design of optimal therapeutic combinations using an implicitly de-risked drug development platform technology, termed Phenotypic Personalized Medicine-Drug Development (PPM-DD). The application of PPM-DD to rapidly identify globally optimized drug combinations successfully addressed a pervasive challenge confronting all aspects of drug development, both nano and non-nano. This review will examine various nanomaterials and the use of PPM-DD to optimize the efficacy and safety of current and future cancer treatment. How this platform can accelerate combinatorial nanomedicine and the broader pharmaceutical industry toward unprecedented clinical impact will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dean Ho
- Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA) School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Department of Bioengineering, UCLA School of Engineering and Applied Science, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- The Jane and Jerry Weintraub Center for Reconstructive Biotechnology, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- California NanoSystems Institute, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA
- Corresponding author. E-mail: (D. H.); (E. K.-H. C.)
| | | | - Edward Kai-Hua Chow
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore 177599, Singapore
- National University Cancer Institute, Singapore, Singapore 119082, Singapore
- Corresponding author. E-mail: (D. H.); (E. K.-H. C.)
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