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Guitton-Spassky T, Junge F, Singh AK, Schade B, Achazi K, Maglione M, Sigrist S, Rashmi R, Haag R. Fluorinated dendritic amphiphiles, their stomatosome aggregates and application in enzyme encapsulation. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:7781-7791. [PMID: 37016756 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr00493g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Enzymes are more selective and efficient than synthetic catalysts but are limited by difficult recycling. This is overcome by immobilisation, namely through encapsulation, with the main drawback of this method being slow diffusion of products and reactants, resulting in effectively lowered enzyme activity. Fluorinated dendritic amphiphiles were reported to self-assemble into regularly perforated bilayer vesicles, so-called "stomatosomes". It was proposed that they could be promising novel reaction vessels due to their increased porosity while retaining larger biomolecules at the same time. Amphiphiles were synthesised and their aggregation was analysed by cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS) in buffered conditions necessary for enzyme encapsulation. Urease and albumin were encapsulated using the thin-film hydration method and investigated by confocal and time-gated stimulated emission depletion microscopy (gSTED). Their release was then used to probe the selective retention of cargo by stomatosomes. Free and encapsulated enzyme activity were compared and their capacity to be reused was evaluated using the Berthelot method. Urease was successfully encapsulated, did not leak out at room temperature, and showed better activity in perforated vesicles than in closed vesicles without perforations. Encapsulated enzyme could be reused with retained activity over 8 cycles using centrifugation, while free enzyme had to be filtrated. These results show that stomatosomes may be used in enzyme immobilisation applications and present advantages over closed vesicles or free enzyme.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany Guitton-Spassky
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195 Germany.
| | - Florian Junge
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195 Germany.
| | - Abhishek Kumar Singh
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195 Germany.
| | - Boris Schade
- Forschungszentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 36a, Berlin, 14195 Germany
| | - Katharina Achazi
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195 Germany.
| | - Marta Maglione
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195 Germany.
- Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 6, Berlin, 14195 Germany
| | - Stephan Sigrist
- Institute for Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 6, Berlin, 14195 Germany
| | - Rashmi Rashmi
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195 Germany.
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195 Germany.
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Matthes R, Frey H. Polyethers Based on Short-Chain Alkyl Glycidyl Ethers: Thermoresponsive and Highly Biocompatible Materials. Biomacromolecules 2022; 23:2219-2235. [PMID: 35622963 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The polymerization of short-chain alkyl glycidyl ethers (SCAGEs) enables the synthesis of biocompatible polyethers with finely tunable hydrophilicity. Aliphatic polyethers, most prominently poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), are utilized in manifold biomedical applications due to their excellent biocompatibility and aqueous solubility. By incorporation of short hydrophobic side-chains at linear polyglycerol, control of aqueous solubility and the respective lower critical solution temperature (LCST) in aqueous solution is feasible. Concurrently, the chemically inert character in analogy to PEG is maintained, as no further functional groups are introduced at the polyether structure. Adjustment of the hydrophilicity and the thermoresponsive behavior of the resulting poly(glycidyl ether)s in a broad temperature range is achieved either by the combination of the different SCAGEs or with PEG as a hydrophilic block. Homopolymers of methyl and ethyl glycidyl ether (PGME, PEGE) are soluble in aqueous solution at room temperature. In contrast, n-propyl glycidyl ether and iso-propyl glycidyl ether lead to hydrophobic polyethers. The use of a variety of ring-opening polymerization techniques allows for controlled polymerization, while simultaneously determining the resulting microstructures. Atactic as well as isotactic polymers are accessible by utilization of the respective racemic or enantiomerically pure monomers. Polymer architectures varying from statistical copolymers, di- and triblock structures to star-shaped architectures, in combination with PEG, have been applied in various thermoresponsive hydrogel formulations or polymeric surface coatings for cell sheet engineering. Materials responding to stimuli are of increasing importance for "smart" biomedical systems, making thermoresponsive polyethers with short-alkyl ether side chains promising candidates for future biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca Matthes
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz 55128, Germany
| | - Holger Frey
- Department of Chemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Duesbergweg 10-14, Mainz 55128, Germany
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Rashmi, Hasheminejad H, Herziger S, Mirzaalipour A, Singh AK, Netz RR, Böttcher C, Makki H, Sharma SK, Haag R. Supramolecular Engineering of Alkylated, Fluorinated, and Mixed Amphiphiles. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2100914. [PMID: 35239224 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The rational design of perfluorinated amphiphiles to control the supramolecular aggregation in aqueous medium is still a key challenge for the engineering of supramolecular architectures. Here we present the synthesis and physical properties of six novel non-ionic amphiphiles. We also studied the effect of mixed alkylated and perfluorinated segments in a single amphiphile and compared it with only alkylated and perfluorinated units. To explore their morphological behavior in aqueous medium, we used dynamic light scattering (DLS) and cryo-TEM/EM measurements. We further confirmed their assembly mechanisms with theoretical investigations, using the Martini model to perform large-scale coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations. These novel synthesized amphiphiles offer a greater and more systematic understanding of how perfluorinated systems assemble in aqueous medium and suggest new directions for rational designing of new amphiphilic systems and interpreting their assembly process. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India.,Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Hooman Hasheminejad
- Department of Polymer and Color Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Svenja Herziger
- Forschungszentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 36a, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Alireza Mirzaalipour
- Department of Polymer and Color Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abhishek K Singh
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Roland R Netz
- Freie Universität Berlin, Fachbereich Physik, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Christoph Böttcher
- Forschungszentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie, Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Fabeckstraße 36a, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Hesam Makki
- Department of Polymer and Color Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sunil K Sharma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Delhi, Delhi, 110 007, India
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie, Organische Chemie, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
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Fliri L, Partl G, Winkler D, Wurst K, Gelbrich T, Müller T, Schottenberger H, Hummel M. Ionic and neutral fluorosurfactants containing ferrocene moieties as chromophoric constituents. J Fluor Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2020.109674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Rashmi, Singh AK, Achazi K, Ehrmann S, Böttcher C, Haag R, Sharma SK. Stimuli-responsive non-ionic Gemini amphiphiles for drug delivery applications. Polym Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0py01040e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This paper shows the synthesis of stimuli responsive Gemini amphiphiles sensitive to Glutathione and hydrolase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashmi
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi 110 007
- India
| | - Abhishek K. Singh
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Katharina Achazi
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Svenja Ehrmann
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
- Forschungszentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie
| | - Christoph Böttcher
- Forschungszentrum für Elektronenmikroskopie
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Rainer Haag
- Institut für Chemie und Biochemie
- Freie Universität Berlin
- 14195 Berlin
- Germany
| | - Sunil K. Sharma
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Delhi
- Delhi 110 007
- India
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Deshpande AA, Torris A T A, Pahari S, Menon SK, Badiger MV, Rajamohanan PR, Wadgaonkar PP, Roy S, Tonelli C. Mechanism of the formation of microphase separated water clusters in a water-mediated physical network of perfluoropolyether tetraol. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:2339-2345. [PMID: 29493703 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm02181j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Perfluoropolyether tetraol (PFPE tetraol) possesses a hydrophobic perfluoropolyether chain in the backbone and two hydroxyl groups at each chain terminal, which facilitates the formation of hydrogen bonds with water molecules resulting in the formation an extended physical network. About 3 wt% water was required for the formation of the microphase separated physical network of PFPE tetraol. The mechanism responsible for the microphase separation of water clusters in the physical network was studied using a combination of techniques such as NMR spectroscopy, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and DSC. MD simulation studies provided evidence for the formation of clusters in the PFPE tetraol physical network and the size of these clusters increased gradually with an increase in the extent of hydration. Both MD simulations and NMR spectroscopy studies revealed that these clusters position themselves away from the hydrophobic backbone or vice versa. The presence of intra- and inter-chain aggregation possibility among hydrophilic groups was evident. DSC results demonstrated the presence of tightly and loosely bound water molecules to the terminal hydroxyl groups of PFPE tetraol through hydrogen bonding. The data from all the three techniques established the formation of a physical network driven by hydrogen bonding between the hydrophilic end groups of PFPE tetraol and water molecules. The flexible nature of the PFPE tetraol backbone and its low solubility parameter favour clustering of water molecules at the terminal groups and result in the formation of a gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashwini A Deshpande
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhaba Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NCL Campus, Dr Homi Bhaba Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Arun Torris A T
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhaba Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Swagata Pahari
- Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhaba Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Shamal K Menon
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhaba Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manohar V Badiger
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhaba Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NCL Campus, Dr Homi Bhaba Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India.
| | - P R Rajamohanan
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NCL Campus, Dr Homi Bhaba Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India. and Central NMR Facility, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhaba Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Prakash P Wadgaonkar
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhaba Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India and Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NCL Campus, Dr Homi Bhaba Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Sudip Roy
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-NCL Campus, Dr Homi Bhaba Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India. and Physical and Materials Chemistry Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr Homi Bhaba Road, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Claudio Tonelli
- Solvay Specialty Polymers, Viale Lombardia 20 - 20021 Bollate (MI), Italy.
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Fliri L, Partl G, Gelbrich T, Kahlenberg V, Laus G, Schottenberger H. ( E)-2,6-Di-bromo-4-{2-[1-(1 H,1 H,2 H,2 H-perfluoro-oct-yl)pyridinium-4-yl]ethen-yl}phenolate methanol disolvate, a fluoro-ponytailed solvatochromic dye. Acta Crystallogr E Crystallogr Commun 2017; 73:1526-1529. [PMID: 29250373 PMCID: PMC5730310 DOI: 10.1107/s2056989017013378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
The title compound, C21H12Br2F13NO·2CH3OH, was obtained by condensation of 4-methyl-1-(1H,1H,2H,2H-perfluoro-oct-yl)pyridinium iodide and 3,5-di-bromo-4-hy-droxy-benzaldehyde, followed by deprotonation. It crystallizes as a methanol disolvate and exhibits short O-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and a disordered perfluoro-alkyl chain [occupancy ratio 0.538 (7):0.462 (7)]. Significant π-π stacking inter-actions are observed between the benzene and pyridine rings of neighbouring mol-ecules along the b-axis direction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Fliri
- University of Innsbruck, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gabriel Partl
- University of Helsinki, Department of Chemistry, PO Box 55, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
| | - Thomas Gelbrich
- University of Innsbruck, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Volker Kahlenberg
- University of Innsbruck, Institute of Mineralogy and Petrography, Innrain 52, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Gerhard Laus
- University of Innsbruck, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Herwig Schottenberger
- University of Innsbruck, Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Innrain 80-82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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Heida T, Neubauer JW, Seuss M, Hauck N, Thiele J, Fery A. Mechanically Defined Microgels by Droplet Microfluidics. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201600418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Heida
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics; Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V; Hohe Str. 6 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Jens W. Neubauer
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics; Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V; Hohe Str. 6 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Maximilian Seuss
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics; Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V; Hohe Str. 6 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Nicolas Hauck
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics; Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V; Hohe Str. 6 01069 Dresden Germany
- Leibniz Research Cluster (LRC); Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V; Hohe Str. 6 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Julian Thiele
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics; Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V; Hohe Str. 6 01069 Dresden Germany
- Leibniz Research Cluster (LRC); Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V; Hohe Str. 6 01069 Dresden Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Polymer Physics; Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V; Hohe Str. 6 01069 Dresden Germany
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Polymeric Materials; Technische Universität Dresden; Hohe Str. 6 01069 Dresden Germany
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