1
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Wan Z, Yu S, Wang Q, Sambath K, Harty R, Liu X, Chen H, Wang C, Liu X, Zhang Y. Far-red BODIPY-based oxime esters: photo-uncaging and drug delivery. J Mater Chem B 2023; 11:9889-9893. [PMID: 37850246 PMCID: PMC10750304 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb01867a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2023]
Abstract
Far-red BODIPY-based oxime esters for photo-uncaging were designed to release molecules of interest with carboxylic acids. The low power red LED light breaks the N-O oxime ester bond and frees the caged molecules. We studied the mechanism and kinetics of the uncaging procedure using a 1H NMR spectrometer. Moreover, the drug delivery strategy to release valproic acid (VPA) on demand was tested in vitro using this far-red BODIPY photo-uncaging strategy to induce apoptosis in tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoxiong Wan
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA.
| | - Shupei Yu
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA.
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA.
| | - Karthik Sambath
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA.
| | - Roshena Harty
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA.
| | - Xiangshan Liu
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA.
| | - Hao Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA.
| | - Chen Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College, City University of New York, 65-30 Kissena Blvd., New York 11432, USA
| | - Xuan Liu
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA
| | - Yuanwei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Environmental Science, College of Science and Liberal Arts, New Jersey Institute of Technology, 323 Martin Luther King Jr. Blvd., Newark, New Jersey 07102, USA.
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2
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Singh AK, Banerjee S, Nair AV, Ray S, Ojha M, Mondal A, Singh NDP. Green Light-Activated Single-Component Organic Fluorescence-Based Nano-Drug Delivery System for Dual Uncaging of Anticancer Drugs. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:1202-1209. [PMID: 35148052 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.1c01241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Developing green or red light-activated drug delivery systems (DDSs) for cancer treatment is highly desirable. Herein, we have reported a green light-responsive single component-based organic fluorescence nano-DDS by simply anchoring 2-hydroxy-6-naphthacyl (phototrigger) on both sides of the 1,5-diaminonaphthalene (DAN) chromophore. This green light (λ ≥ 500 nm)-activated DDS released two equivalents of the anticancer drug (valproic acid) in a spatio-temporally controlled manner. Our photoresponsive DDS [DAN-bis(HO-Naph-VPA)] exhibited interesting properties such as excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) accompanied with aggregation-induced emission (AIE) phenomena. AIE initiated the photorelease, and ESIPT enhanced the rate of the photorelease. Further, in vitro studies revealed that our green light-activated nano-DDS exhibited good cytocompatibility, excellent cellular internalization, and effective cancer cell killing ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amit Kumar Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Photochemistry Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Saptarshi Banerjee
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Asha V Nair
- Department of Chemistry, Photochemistry Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Souvik Ray
- Department of Chemistry, Photochemistry Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Mamata Ojha
- Department of Chemistry, Photochemistry Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
| | - Arindam Mondal
- School of Bioscience, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - N D Pradeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Photochemistry Laboratory, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur 721302, West Bengal, India
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3
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Watanabe K, Terao N, Niwa T, Hosoya T. Direct 3-Acylation of Indolizines by Carboxylic Acids for the Practical Synthesis of Red Light-Releasable Caged Carboxylic Acids. J Org Chem 2021; 86:11822-11834. [PMID: 34279948 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.1c01244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
To enhance the practicality of photouncaging system using 3-acyl-2-methoxyindolizines, direct acylation of indolizines with carboxylic acids was developed using condensation reagents, generally used for peptide coupling. This method allowed for caging a broad range of carboxylic acids with indolizines. The method enabled a facile synthesis of water-soluble caged bioactive carboxylic acids having an intramolecular photosensitizer. The efficient release of carboxylic acids from the synthesized caged compounds upon red light irradiation was confirmed in neutral buffered solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenji Watanabe
- Laboratory for Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Nodoka Terao
- Laboratory for Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takashi Niwa
- Laboratory for Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Kobe 650-0047, Japan
| | - Takamitsu Hosoya
- Laboratory for Chemical Biology, RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research (BDR), Kobe 650-0047, Japan.,Laboratory of Chemical Bioscience, Institute of Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Tokyo Medical and Dental University (TMDU), Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan
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4
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Steinmetz MG, Givens RS. The Discovery, Development and Demonstration of Three Caged Compounds †. Photochem Photobiol 2021; 97:1168-1181. [PMID: 34101860 DOI: 10.1111/php.13462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
An overview of the history, mechanistic aspects and applications is provided for p-hydroxyphenacyl (pHP) and benzoin photoremovable protecting groups, which release biologically important leaving groups upon photolysis with UV light. Also discussed is (7-diethylaminocoumarin-4-yl)methyl (DEACM), a photoremovable protecting group that absorbs visible light. These are followed by the α-keto amides and naphtho- and benzothiophene-2-carboxanilides as caging groups, which eliminate leaving groups via photochemically produced zwitterionic intermediates. Also covered are amino-1,4-benzoquinones, which upon exposure to green and red wavelengths of light photorearrange to an unstable photoproduct that subsequently eliminates leaving groups in aqueous media. Selected examples are given that use these photoremovable protecting (caging) groups for the light-activated release of biologically important substrates under physiological conditions in cells and tissue as practical applications in biology, biochemistry and physiology. These caging groups have found significant applications because their photochemistry is efficient and a single coproduct is formed in addition to the photoreleased substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark G Steinmetz
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
| | - Richard S Givens
- Department of Chemistry, Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA.,Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA
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5
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Abstract
More than four decades have passed since the first example of a light-activated (caged) compound was described. In the intervening years, a large number of light-responsive derivatives have been reported, several of which have found utility under a variety of in vitro conditions using cells and tissues. Light-triggered bioactivity furnishes spatial and temporal control, and offers the possibility of precision dosing and orthogonal communication with different biomolecules. These inherent attributes of light have been advocated as advantageous for the delivery and/or activation of drugs at diseased sites for a variety of indications. However, the tissue penetrance of light is profoundly wavelength-dependent. Only recently have phototherapeutics that are photoresponsive in the optical window of tissue (600-900 nm) been described. This Review highlights these recent discoveries, along with their limitations and clinical opportunities. In addition, we describe preliminary in vivo studies of prospective phototherapeutics, with an emphasis on the path that remains to be navigated in order to translate light-activated drugs into clinically useful therapeutics. Finally, the unique attributes of phototherapeutics is highlighted by discussing several potential disease applications.
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6
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Weinstain R, Slanina T, Kand D, Klán P. Visible-to-NIR-Light Activated Release: From Small Molecules to Nanomaterials. Chem Rev 2020; 120:13135-13272. [PMID: 33125209 PMCID: PMC7833475 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00663] [Citation(s) in RCA: 242] [Impact Index Per Article: 60.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Photoactivatable (alternatively, photoremovable, photoreleasable, or photocleavable) protecting groups (PPGs), also known as caged or photocaged compounds, are used to enable non-invasive spatiotemporal photochemical control over the release of species of interest. Recent years have seen the development of PPGs activatable by biologically and chemically benign visible and near-infrared (NIR) light. These long-wavelength-absorbing moieties expand the applicability of this powerful method and its accessibility to non-specialist users. This review comprehensively covers organic and transition metal-containing photoactivatable compounds (complexes) that absorb in the visible- and NIR-range to release various leaving groups and gasotransmitters (carbon monoxide, nitric oxide, and hydrogen sulfide). The text also covers visible- and NIR-light-induced photosensitized release using molecular sensitizers, quantum dots, and upconversion and second-harmonic nanoparticles, as well as release via photodynamic (photooxygenation by singlet oxygen) and photothermal effects. Release from photoactivatable polymers, micelles, vesicles, and photoswitches, along with the related emerging field of photopharmacology, is discussed at the end of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roy Weinstain
- School
of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Tomáš Slanina
- Institute
of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Flemingovo nám. 2, 166 10 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Dnyaneshwar Kand
- School
of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel-Aviv University, Tel-Aviv 6997801, Israel
| | - Petr Klán
- Department
of Chemistry and RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
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7
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Josa‐Culleré L, Llebaria A. In the Search for Photocages Cleavable with Visible Light: An Overview of Recent Advances and Chemical Strategies. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laia Josa‐Culleré
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) Jordi Girona 18–26 08034 Barcelona Spain
| | - Amadeu Llebaria
- Laboratory of Medicinal Chemistry Institute for Advanced Chemistry of Catalonia (IQAC-CSIC) Jordi Girona 18–26 08034 Barcelona Spain
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8
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Tao Y, Chan HF, Shi B, Li M, Leong KW. Light: A Magical Tool for Controlled Drug Delivery. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:2005029. [PMID: 34483808 PMCID: PMC8415493 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202005029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 96] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Light is a particularly appealing tool for on-demand drug delivery due to its noninvasive nature, ease of application and exquisite temporal and spatial control. Great progress has been achieved in the development of novel light-driven drug delivery strategies with both breadth and depth. Light-controlled drug delivery platforms can be generally categorized into three groups: photochemical, photothermal, and photoisomerization-mediated therapies. Various advanced materials, such as metal nanoparticles, metal sulfides and oxides, metal-organic frameworks, carbon nanomaterials, upconversion nanoparticles, semiconductor nanoparticles, stimuli-responsive micelles, polymer- and liposome-based nanoparticles have been applied for light-stimulated drug delivery. In view of the increasing interest in on-demand targeted drug delivery, we review the development of light-responsive systems with a focus on recent advances, key limitations, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tao
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hon Fai Chan
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bingyang Shi
- International Joint Center for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Kam W Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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9
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Welleman IM, Hoorens MWH, Feringa BL, Boersma HH, Szymański W. Photoresponsive molecular tools for emerging applications of light in medicine. Chem Sci 2020; 11:11672-11691. [PMID: 34094410 PMCID: PMC8162950 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04187d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Light-based therapeutic and imaging modalities, which emerge in clinical applications, rely on molecular tools, such as photocleavable protecting groups and photoswitches that respond to photonic stimulus and translate it into a biological effect. However, optimisation of their key parameters (activation wavelength, band separation, fatigue resistance and half-life) is necessary to enable application in the medical field. In this perspective, we describe the applications scenarios that can be envisioned in clinical practice and then we use those scenarios to explain the necessary properties that the photoresponsive tools used to control biological function should possess, highlighted by examples from medical imaging, drug delivery and photopharmacology. We then present how the (photo)chemical parameters are currently being optimized and an outlook is given on pharmacological aspects (toxicity, solubility, and stability) of light-responsive molecules. With these interdisciplinary insights, we aim to inspire the future directions for the development of photocontrolled tools that will empower clinical applications of light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilse M Welleman
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Mark W H Hoorens
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Ben L Feringa
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Hendrikus H Boersma
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
- Departments of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacology, Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Wiktor Szymański
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
- Stratingh Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen Groningen The Netherlands
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10
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Zhang Y, Xu C, Yang X, Pu K. Photoactivatable Protherapeutic Nanomedicine for Cancer. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2020; 32:e2002661. [PMID: 32667701 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202002661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 117] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2020] [Revised: 05/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Therapeutic systems with site-specific pharmaceutical activation hold great promise to enhance therapeutic efficacy while reducing systemic toxicity in cancer therapy. With operational flexibility, noninvasiveness, and high spatiotemporal resolution, photoactivatable nanomedicines have drawn growing attention. Distinct from traditional controlled release systems relying on the difference of biomarker concentrations between disease and healthy tissues, photoactivatable nanomedicines capitalize on the interaction between nanotransducers and light to either trigger photochemical reactions or generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) or heat effect to remotely induce pharmaceutical actions in living subjects. Herein, the recent advances in the development of photoactivatable protherapeutic nanoagents for oncology are summarized. The design strategies and therapeutic applications of these nanoagents are described. Representative examples of each type are discussed in terms of structure, photoactivation mechanism, and preclinical models. Last, potential challenges and perspectives to further develop photoactivatable protherapeutic nanoagents in cancer nanomedicine are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Zhang
- National Research Centre for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Xu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
| | - Xiangliang Yang
- National Research Centre for Nanomedicine, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, P. R. China
| | - Kanyi Pu
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, 637457, Singapore
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11
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Boase NRB. Shining a Light on Bioorthogonal Photochemistry for Polymer Science. Macromol Rapid Commun 2020; 41:e2000305. [DOI: 10.1002/marc.202000305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2020] [Revised: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nathan R. B. Boase
- Centre for Materials Science Queensland University of Technology 2 George Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
- School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology 2 George Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
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12
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Mei L, Veleta JM, Gianetti TL. Helical Carbenium Ion: A Versatile Organic Photoredox Catalyst for Red-Light-Mediated Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:12056-12061. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c05507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Liangyong Mei
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - José M. Veleta
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
| | - Thomas L. Gianetti
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721, United States
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13
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Truong VX. Break Up to Make Up: Utilization of Photocleavable Groups in Biolabeling of Hydrogel Scaffolds. CHEMPHOTOCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cptc.202000072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vinh X. Truong
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsQueensland University of Technology 2 George St. QLD 4000 Brisbane Australia
- Centre for Materials ScienceQueensland University of Technology 2 George Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australia
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14
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Luciano MP, Nourian S, Gorka AP, Nani RR, Nagaya T, Kobayashi H, Schnermann MJ. A near-infrared light-mediated cleavable linker strategy using the heptamethine cyanine chromophore. Methods Enzymol 2020; 641:245-275. [PMID: 32713525 PMCID: PMC10763689 DOI: 10.1016/bs.mie.2020.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Optical methods offer the potential to manipulate living biological systems with exceptional spatial and temporal control. Caging bioactive molecules with photocleavable functional groups is an important strategy that could be applied to a range of problems, including the targeted delivery of otherwise toxic therapeutics. However existing approaches that require UV or blue light are difficult to apply in organismal settings due to issues of tissue penetration and light toxicity. Photocaging groups built on the heptamethine cyanine scaffold enable the targeted delivery of bioactive molecules using near-IR light (up to 780nm) in live animal settings. Here we provide a detailed procedure demonstrating the utility of the heptamethine cyanine caging group to create a light-cleavable linker between an antibody, panitumumab, and a therapeutic small molecule in the duocarmycin class of natural products. Descriptions of the design and synthesis of the small molecule component, assembly of the antibody conjugate, in vitro analysis of uncaging, in vivo imaging, and impact on tumor progression are provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Luciano
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Saghar Nourian
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Alexander P Gorka
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Roger R Nani
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States
| | - Tadanobu Nagaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Theranostics, NIH/NCI/CCR, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Hisataka Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Molecular Theranostics, NIH/NCI/CCR, Bethesda, MD, United States
| | - Martin J Schnermann
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD, United States.
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15
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Oparina LA, Shabalin DA, Mal'kina AG, Kolyvanov NA, Grishchenko LA, Ushakov IA, Vashchenko AV, Trofimov BA. Functionalized Hexahydropyrrolo[2,1‐
b
]oxazoles from Catalyst‐Free Annulation of Δ
1
‐Pyrrolines with Electron‐Deficient Propargylic Alcohols. European J Org Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202000582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila A. Oparina
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russia
| | - Dmitrii A. Shabalin
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russia
| | - Anastasiya G. Mal'kina
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russia
| | - Nikita A. Kolyvanov
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russia
| | - Lyudmila A. Grishchenko
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russia
| | - Igor' A. Ushakov
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russia
| | - Alexander V. Vashchenko
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russia
| | - Boris A. Trofimov
- A. E. Favorsky Irkutsk Institute of Chemistry Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences 1 Favorsky Str. 664033 Irkutsk Russia
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16
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Wei T, Lu S, Sun J, Xu Z, Yang X, Wang F, Ma Y, Shi YS, Chen X. Sanger's Reagent Sensitized Photocleavage of Amide Bond for Constructing Photocages and Regulation of Biological Functions. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3806-3813. [PMID: 32023409 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Photolabile groups offer promising tools to study biological processes with high spatial and temporal control. In the investigation, we designed and prepared several new glycine amide derivatives of Sanger's reagent and demonstrated that they serve as a new class of photocages for Zn2+ and an acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitor. We showed that the mechanism for photocleavage of these substances involves initial light-driven cyclization between the 2,4-dinitrophenyl and glycine methylene groups to form acyl benzimidazole N-oxides, which undergo secondary photoinduced decarboxylation in association with rupture of an amide bond. The cleavage reactions proceed with modest to high quantum yields. We demonstrated that these derivatives can be used in targeted intracellular delivery of Zn2+, fluorescent imaging by light-triggered Zn2+ release, and regulation of biological processes including the enzymatic activity of carbonic anhydrase (CA), negative regulation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs), and pulse rate of cardiomyocytes. The successful proof-of-concept examples described above open a new avenue for using Sanger's reagent-based glycine amides as photocages for the exploration of complex cellular functions and signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingwen Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Sheng Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Jiahui Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210032 , China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210032 , China
| | - Zhijun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Xiao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Fang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Yang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
| | - Yun Stone Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210032 , China.,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Model Animal Research Center , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210032 , China.,Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center , Nanjing University , Nanjing 210032 , China
| | - Xiaoqiang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Nanjing Tech University , Nanjing 210009 , China
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17
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Alabugin A. Near-IR Photochemistry for Biology: Exploiting the Optical Window of Tissue. Photochem Photobiol 2019; 95:722-732. [PMID: 30536737 DOI: 10.1111/php.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Photoactive molecules enable much of modern biology and biochemistry-a vast library of fluorescent chromophores is used to track and label cellular structures and macromolecules. However, photochemistry is better known to the synthetic or physical organic chemist as a "light switch" that turns on unusual excited-state reactivity, isomerization, or dynamic adjustment of structure. This review details a rapidly growing approach to biophotochemistry that uses low-energy near-IR wavelengths not only for imaging, but also for close spatial control over chemical switching events in biosystems. Emphasis is placed on topics of biomedical interest: release of gaseous biological messengers, uncaging of drugs, nano-therapeutics, and modification of biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Alabugin
- Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA
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18
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Walton DP, Dougherty DA. A general strategy for visible-light decaging based on the quinone cis-alkenyl lock. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:4965-4968. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc01073d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Combining the fast thermal cyclization of o-coumaric acid derivatives with the intramolecular photoreduction of quinones gives new visible-light photoremovable protecting groups absorbing well above 450 nm.
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Affiliation(s)
- David P. Walton
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- California Institute of Technology
- Pasadena
- USA
| | - Dennis A. Dougherty
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- California Institute of Technology
- Pasadena
- USA
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19
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Beauté L, McClenaghan N, Lecommandoux S. Photo-triggered polymer nanomedicines: From molecular mechanisms to therapeutic applications. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2019; 138:148-166. [PMID: 30553952 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.12.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 12/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The use of nanotechnology to improve treatment efficacy and reduce side effects is central to nanomedicine. In this context, stimuli-responsive drug delivery systems (DDS) such as chemical/physical gels or nanoparticles such as polymersomes, micelles or nanogels are particularly promising and are the focus of this review. Several stimuli have been considered but light as an exogenous trigger presents many advantages that are pertinent for clinical applications such as high spatial and temporal control and low cost. Underlying mechanisms required for the release of therapeutic agents in vitro and in vivo range from the molecular scale, namely photoisomerization, hydrophobicity photoswitching, photocleavage or heat generation via nanoheaters, through to the macromolecular scale. As well as these approaches, DDS destabilization, DDS permeation pore unblocking and formation are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Beauté
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, Université de Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5255, 351 Cours de la Libération, Talence 33405, France; Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, UMR CNRS 5629, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, Pessac 33607, France
| | - Nathan McClenaghan
- Institut des Sciences Moléculaires, Université de Bordeaux, UMR CNRS 5255, 351 Cours de la Libération, Talence 33405, France.
| | - Sébastien Lecommandoux
- Laboratoire de Chimie des Polymères Organiques, Université de Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, UMR CNRS 5629, 16 Avenue Pey-Berland, Pessac 33607, France.
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20
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Barata-Vallejo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Junín 954, CP 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Maria Victoria Cooke
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Junín 954, CP 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Al Postigo
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Departamento de Química Orgánica, Junín 954, CP 1113 Buenos Aires, Argentina
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21
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Okoh OA, Klahn P. Trimethyl Lock: A Multifunctional Molecular Tool for Drug Delivery, Cellular Imaging, and Stimuli-Responsive Materials. Chembiochem 2018; 19:1668-1694. [PMID: 29888433 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.201800269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Trimethyl lock (TML) systems are based on ortho-hydroxydihydrocinnamic acid derivatives displaying increased lactonization reactivity owing to unfavorable steric interactions of three pendant methyl groups, and this leads to the formation of hydrocoumarins. Protection of the phenolic hydroxy function or masking of the reactivity as benzoquinone derivatives prevents lactonization and provides a trigger for controlled release of molecules attached to the carboxylic acid function through amides, esters, or thioesters. Their easy synthesis and possible chemical adaption to several different triggers make TML a highly versatile module for the development of drug-delivery systems, prodrug approaches, cell-imaging tools, molecular tools for supramolecular chemistry, as well as smart stimuliresponsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Okoh Adeyi Okoh
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Philipp Klahn
- Institute for Organic Chemistry, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Hagenring 30, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
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22
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Abstract
This work describes three new red-photocleavable dyes. The best-performing dye exhibits a quantum yield of 5.7% in 30:70 v/v water/acetonitrile and approximately 80% release of benzoic acid using a 626 nm LED. Photo-orthogonality between this dye and a UV-activated photouncaging group was demonstrated. Additionally, a qualitative comparison between the same pair of dyes in a gel was performed, highlighting the superior penetration depth that can be achieved using the newly reported dye.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodi Wang
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
| | - Julia A Kalow
- Department of Chemistry , Northwestern University , Evanston , Illinois 60208 , United States
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23
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Nadendla K, Friedman SH. Light Control of Protein Solubility Through Isoelectric Point Modulation. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:17861-17869. [PMID: 29192764 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b08465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
We previously described the photoactivated depot or PAD approach that allows for the light control of therapeutic protein release. This approach relies on the ability to use light to change a protein's solubility. Traditionally this was accomplished by linking the protein to an insoluble but injectable polymer via a light cleaved linker. This allows the injected material to remain at the site of injection, until transcutaneous irradiation breaks the link between polymer and protein, permitting the protein to be absorbed. However, there are multiple problems associated with polymer based approaches: The polymer makes up a majority of the material, making it inefficient. In addition, after protein release, the polymer has to be cleared from the body, a significant design challenge. In this work, we create materials that form photoactivated depots of insulin without the need for polymers, by linking photolysis to an isoelectric point shift, which itself is linked to a solubility shift. Specifically, we linked basic groups to insulin via a light cleaved linker. These shift the normal pI of insulin from 5.4 to approximately 7. The result of this incorporation are materials that are completely soluble in mildly acidic solutions but precipitate upon injection into a pH 7 environment, i.e., the skin. We successfully synthesized four such modified insulins, demonstrating that their pI values were shifted in the expected manner. We then analyzed one of them, P2-insulin, in detail, demonstrating that it behaves as designed: It is soluble in a formulation pH of 4, but precipitates at pH 7.2, its approximate pI value. Upon irradiation, the photocleavable link to insulin is broken, and completely native and soluble insulin is released from the depot in a well behaved, first order fashion. These materials are 90% therapeutic, form completely soluble and injectable formulations in mildly acidic conditions, form insoluble depots at neutral pH, efficiently release soluble protein from these depots when irradiated, and leave behind only small easily absorbed molecules after irradiation. As such they approach ideality for photoactivated depot materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karthik Nadendla
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , Kansas City, Missouri 64108, United States
| | - Simon H Friedman
- Division of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Missouri-Kansas City , Kansas City, Missouri 64108, United States
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24
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Steinkoenig J, Zieger MM, Mutlu H, Barner-Kowollik C. Dual-Gated Chain Shattering Based on Light Responsive Benzophenones and Thermally Responsive Diels–Alder Linkages. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b01115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Steinkoenig
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St., Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für
Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Markus M. Zieger
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für
Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Hatice Mutlu
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für
Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Christopher Barner-Kowollik
- School
of Chemistry, Physics and Mechanical Engineering, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), 2 George St., Brisbane, QLD 4000, Australia
- Macromolecular
Architectures, Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Engesserstr. 18, 76128 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Institut für
Biologische Grenzflächen, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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25
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Illuminating developmental biology through photochemistry. Nat Chem Biol 2017; 13:587-598. [PMID: 28514427 DOI: 10.1038/nchembio.2369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 03/22/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Developmental biology has been continually shaped by technological advances, evolving from a descriptive science into one immersed in molecular and cellular mechanisms. Most recently, genome sequencing and 'omics' profiling have provided developmental biologists with a wealth of genetic and biochemical information; however, fully translating this knowledge into functional understanding will require new experimental capabilities. Photoactivatable probes have emerged as particularly valuable tools for investigating developmental mechanisms, as they can enable rapid, specific manipulations of DNA, RNA, proteins, and cells with spatiotemporal precision. In this Perspective, we describe optochemical and optogenetic systems that have been applied in multicellular organisms, insights gained through the use of these probes, and their current limitations. We also suggest how chemical biologists can expand the reach of photoactivatable technologies and bring new depth to our understanding of organismal development.
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26
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Gandioso A, Contreras S, Melnyk I, Oliva J, Nonell S, Velasco D, García-Amorós J, Marchán V. Development of Green/Red-Absorbing Chromophores Based on a Coumarin Scaffold That Are Useful as Caging Groups. J Org Chem 2017; 82:5398-5408. [PMID: 28467700 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.7b00788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
We report the design, synthesis, and spectroscopic characterization of a series of push-pull chromophores based on a novel coumarin scaffold in which the carbonyl of the lactone function of the original coumarin dyes has been replaced by the cyano(4-nitrophenyl)methylene moiety. The skeleton of the compounds was synthesized by condensation of a thiocoumarin precursor with the corresponding arylacetonitrile derivatives, and their photophysical properties were fine-tuned through the incorporation of electron-withdrawing groups (EWGs) like nitro and cyano at the phenyl ring, leading to absorption in the green to red region. Although fluorescence emission was weakened or even canceled upon introduction of two or three strong EWGs, the emission of the mononitro-containing coumarin derivatives in the red region upon excitation with green light is noticeable, as are their significantly large Stokes shifts. The new coumarin derivatives can be useful as photocleavable protecting groups, as demonstrated through the synthesis and characterization of a series of coumarin-based photocages of benzoic acid. Preliminary photolysis studies with green light have demonstrated that the structure of the coumarin chromophore influences the rate of the uncaging process, opening the way to exploiting these new coumarin scaffolds as caging groups that can be removed with visible light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Albert Gandioso
- Secció de Química Orgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona , Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Sara Contreras
- Secció de Química Orgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona , Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ivanna Melnyk
- Secció de Química Orgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona , Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Javier Oliva
- Secció de Química Orgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona , Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Santi Nonell
- Institut Químic de Sarrià, Universitat Ramon Llull , E-08017 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Dolores Velasco
- Secció de Química Orgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona , Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain.,Institut de Nanociència i Nanotecnologia (IN2UB), Universitat de Barcelona , E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Jaume García-Amorós
- Secció de Química Orgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona , Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Vicente Marchán
- Secció de Química Orgànica, Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, IBUB, Universitat de Barcelona , Martí i Franquès 1-11, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain
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27
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Sasaki S, Sugita Y, Tokita M, Suenobu T, Ishitani O, Konishi GI. Smart Network Polymers with Bis(piperidyl)naphthalene Cross-Linkers: Selective Fluorescence Quenching and Photodegradation in the Presence of Trichloromethyl-Containing Chloroalkanes. Macromolecules 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.7b00213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Tomoyoshi Suenobu
- Department
of Material and Life Science, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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28
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Karimi M, Zangabad PS, Baghaee-Ravari S, Ghazadeh M, Mirshekari H, Hamblin MR. Smart Nanostructures for Cargo Delivery: Uncaging and Activating by Light. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:4584-4610. [PMID: 28192672 PMCID: PMC5475407 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b08313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 256] [Impact Index Per Article: 36.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Nanotechnology has begun to play a remarkable role in various fields of science and technology. In biomedical applications, nanoparticles have opened new horizons, especially for biosensing, targeted delivery of therapeutics, and so forth. Among drug delivery systems (DDSs), smart nanocarriers that respond to specific stimuli in their environment represent a growing field. Nanoplatforms that can be activated by an external application of light can be used for a wide variety of photoactivated therapies, especially light-triggered DDSs, relying on photoisomerization, photo-cross-linking/un-cross-linking, photoreduction, and so forth. In addition, light activation has potential in photodynamic therapy, photothermal therapy, radiotherapy, protected delivery of bioactive moieties, anticancer drug delivery systems, and theranostics (i.e., real-time monitoring and tracking combined with a therapeutic action to different diseases sites and organs). Combinations of these approaches can lead to enhanced and synergistic therapies, employing light as a trigger or for activation. Nonlinear light absorption mechanisms such as two-photon absorption and photon upconversion have been employed in the design of light-responsive DDSs. The integration of a light stimulus into dual/multiresponsive nanocarriers can provide spatiotemporal controlled delivery and release of therapeutic agents, targeted and controlled nanosystems, combined delivery of two or more agents, their on-demand release under specific conditions, and so forth. Overall, light-activated nanomedicines and DDSs are expected to provide more effective therapies against serious diseases such as cancers, inflammation, infections, and cardiovascular disease with reduced side effects and will open new doors toward the treatment of patients worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahdi Karimi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Medical Nanotechnology, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
| | - Parham Sahandi Zangabad
- Advanced Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine Research Group (ANNRG), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Research Center for Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology (RCPN), Tabriz University of Medical Science (TUOMS), Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, 11365-9466 Tehran, Iran
- Nanomedicine Research Association (NRA), Universal Scientific Education and Research Network (USERN), Tehran, Iran
| | - Soodeh Baghaee-Ravari
- Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
| | - Mehdi Ghazadeh
- Joint School of Nanoscience and Nanoengineering, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, North Carolina 27401, United States
| | - Hamid Mirshekari
- Advanced Nanobiotechnology and Nanomedicine Research Group (ANNRG), Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Michael R. Hamblin
- Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, United States
- Department of Dermatology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
- Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, United States
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29
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Matsuzaki K, Hiromura T, Tokunaga E, Shibata N. Trifluoroethoxy-Coated Subphthalocyanine affects Trifluoromethylation of Alkenes and Alkynes even under Low-Energy Red-Light Irradiation. ChemistryOpen 2017; 6:226-230. [PMID: 28413756 PMCID: PMC5390801 DOI: 10.1002/open.201600172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Photoredox chemical reactions induced by visible light have undergone a renaissance in recent years. Polypyridyl dyes such as Ir(ppy)3 and Ru(bpy)3 are key catalysts in this event, and blue- or white-light irradiation is required for the chemical transformations. However, it remains a challenge to achieve reactions under the lower energy of red light. We disclose, herein, that trifluoroethoxy-coated subphthalocyanine realizes the red-light-driven trifluoromethylation of alkenes and alkynes with trifluoromethyl iodide in good-to-high yields. Perfluoroalkylations were also achieved under red light. The reaction mechanism is discussed with the support of UV/Vis spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry of trifluoroethoxy-coated subphthalocyanine. Light irradiation/dark study also supports the proposed mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kohei Matsuzaki
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Life and Applied ChemistryNagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-kuNagoya466–8555Japan
| | - Tomoya Hiromura
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Life and Applied ChemistryNagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-kuNagoya466–8555Japan
| | - Etsuko Tokunaga
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Life and Applied ChemistryNagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-kuNagoya466–8555Japan
| | - Norio Shibata
- Department of Nanopharmaceutical Sciences & Department of Life and Applied ChemistryNagoya Institute of Technology, Gokiso, Showa-kuNagoya466–8555Japan
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30
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Walton DP, Dougherty DA. A General Strategy for Visible-Light Decaging Based on the Quinone Trimethyl Lock. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:4655-4658. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b01548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- David P. Walton
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
| | - Dennis A. Dougherty
- Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, California 91125, United States
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31
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Gorka AP, Schnermann MJ. Harnessing cyanine photooxidation: from slowing photobleaching to near-IR uncaging. Curr Opin Chem Biol 2016; 33:117-25. [PMID: 27348157 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpa.2016.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Light provides a uniquely powerful stimulus to help visualize and/or perturb biological systems. The use of tissue penetrant near-IR wavelengths enables in vivo applications, however the design of molecules that function in this range remains a substantial challenge. Heptamethine cyanine fluorophores are already important tools for near-IR optical imaging. These molecules are susceptible to photobleaching through a photooxidative cleavage reaction. This review details efforts to define the mechanism of this reaction and two emerging fields closely tied to this process. In the first, efforts that slow photooxidation enable the creation of photobleaching resistant fluorophores. In the second, cyanine photooxidation has recently been employed as the cornerstone of a near-IR uncaging strategy. This review seeks to highlight the utility of mechanistic organic chemistry insights to help tailor cyanine scaffolds for new, and previously intractable, biological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P Gorka
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Martin J Schnermann
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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