1
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Badr RGM, Hauer L, Vollmer D, Schmid F. Dynamics of Droplets Moving on Lubricated Polymer Brushes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:12368-12380. [PMID: 38834186 PMCID: PMC11192036 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the dynamics of drops on polymer-coated surfaces is crucial for optimizing applications such as self-cleaning materials or microfluidic devices. While the static and dynamic properties of deposited drops have been well characterized, a microscopic understanding of the underlying dynamics is missing. In particular, it is unclear how drop dynamics depends on the amount of uncross-linked chains in the brush, because experimental techniques fail to quantify those. Here we use coarse-grained simulations to study droplets moving on a lubricated polymer brush substrate under the influence of an external body force. The simulation model is based on the many body dissipative particle dynamics (MDPD) method and designed to mimic a system of water droplets on poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) brushes with chemically identical PDMS lubricant. In agreement with experiments, we find a sublinear power law dependence between the external force F and the droplet velocity v, F ∝ vα with α < 1; however, the exponents differ (α ∼ 0.6-0.7 in simulations versus α ∼ 0.25 in experiments). With increasing velocity, the droplets elongate and the receding contact angle decreases, whereas the advancing contact angle remains roughly constant. Analyzing the flow profiles inside the droplet reveals that the droplets do not slide but roll, with vanishing slip at the substrate surface. Surprisingly, adding lubricant has very little effect on the effective friction force between the droplet and the substrate, even though it has a pronounced effect on the size and structure of the wetting ridge, especially above the cloaking transition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrique G. M. Badr
- Institut
für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität
Mainz, Staudingerweg 7-9, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
| | - Lukas Hauer
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Doris Vollmer
- Max
Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Friederike Schmid
- Institut
für Physik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität
Mainz, Staudingerweg 7-9, D-55099 Mainz, Germany
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2
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Hack MA, van der Linden MN, Wijshoff H, Snoeijer JH, Segers T. Ring-shaped colloidal patterns on saline water films. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 673:788-796. [PMID: 38906000 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2024.06.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2024] [Revised: 06/01/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
HYPOTHESIS Electrostatically stabilised colloidal particles destabilise when brought into contact with cations causing the particles to aggregate in clusters. When a drop with stabilised colloidal partices is deposited on a liquid film containing cations the delicate balance between the fluid-mechanical and physicochemical properties of the system governs the spreading dynamics and formation of colloidal particle clusters. EXPERIMENTS High-speed imaging and digital holographic microscopy were used to characterise the spreading process. FINDINGS We reveal that a spreading colloidal drop evolves into a ring-shaped pattern after it is deposited on a thin saline water film. Clustered colloidal particles aggregate into larger trapezoidally-shaped 'supraclusters'. Using a simple model we show that the trapezoidal shape of the supraclusters is determined by the transition from inertial spreading dynamics to Marangoni flow. These results may be of interest to applications such as wet-on-wet inkjet printing, where particle destabilisation and hydrodynamic flow coexist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michiel A Hack
- Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, the Netherlands
| | - Marjolein N van der Linden
- Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, the Netherlands; Canon Production Printing Netherlands B.V., P.O. Box 101, Venlo, 5900 MA, the Netherlands
| | - Herman Wijshoff
- Canon Production Printing Netherlands B.V., P.O. Box 101, Venlo, 5900 MA, the Netherlands; Department of Mechanical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, Eindhoven, 5600 MB, the Netherlands
| | - Jacco H Snoeijer
- Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, the Netherlands
| | - Tim Segers
- BIOS/Lab on a Chip Group, Max Planck Center Twente for Complex Fluid Dynamics, MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Mathematics and Computer Science, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, Enschede, 7500 AE, the Netherlands.
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3
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Tzitzilis D, Tsekeridis C, Ntakoumis I, Papadopoulos P. Transition of Liquid Drops on Microstructured Hygrophobic Surfaces from the Impaled Wenzel State to the "Fakir" Cassie-Baxter State. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 38825812 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Low adhesion of liquids on solid surfaces can be achieved with protrusions that minimize the contact area between the liquid and the solid. The wetting state where an air cushion forms under the drop is known as the Cassie-Baxter state. Surfaces where liquids form macroscopic contact angles above 150° are called superhydrophobic and superhygrophobic, if we refer to water or any liquid, respectively. The Cassie state is desirable for applications, but it is usually unstable compared to the Wenzel state, where the drop is in direct contact with the rough surface. The Cassie-to-Wenzel transition can be triggered by an increase in pressure and vibrations, but the inverse Wenzel-to-Cassie is much more difficult to observe. Here, we examine under what conditions the Wenzel-to-Cassie transition is triggered when the microscopic contact angle changes abruptly. For this, we applied a lubricant of low surface tension around drops that were in the Wenzel state on microstructured surfaces. The increase of the microscopic contact angle lifted the drop from the rough surface, when the pillar height and spacing are large and small, respectively. Numerical calculations for the drop-lubricant interface showed that the surface geometry requirements for the Wenzel-to-Cassie transition are stricter than the ones for the stability of the Cassie state. A surface geometry where the Cassie state is more stable than the Wenzel for a given Laplace pressure of the drop may not always allow the Wenzel-to-Cassie transition to take place. Therefore, the stability of the Cassie state is a necessary but insufficient condition for the inverse transition.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ioannis Ntakoumis
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
| | - Periklis Papadopoulos
- Department of Physics, University of Ioannina, 45110 Ioannina, Greece
- University Research Center of Ioannina, Institute of Materials Science and Computing, Ioannina 45110, Greece
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4
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Kalita K, Zeng B, You JB, Li Y, Moyo A, Xu BB, Zhang X. Spontaneous Rise of Hydrogen Microbubbles in Interfacial Gas Evolution Reaction. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400849. [PMID: 38644168 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024]
Abstract
Liquid organic hydrogen carrier is a promising option for the transport and storage of hydrogen as a clean energy source. This study examines the stability and behavior of organic drops immobilized on a substrate during an interfacial hydrogen-evolution reaction (HER) at the drop surface and its surrounding aqueous solution. Hydrogen microbubbles form within the drop and rise to the drop apex. The growth rate of the hydrogen in-drop bubble increases with the concentration of the reactant in the surrounding medium. The drop remains stable till the buoyancy acting on the in-drop bubble is large enough to overcome the capillary force and the external viscous drag. The bubble spontaneously rises and carries a portion drop liquid to the solution surface. These spontaneous rising in-drop bubbles are detected in measurements using a high-precision sensor placed on the upper surface of the aqueous solution, reversing the settling phase from phase separation in the reactive emulsion. The finding from this work provides new insights into the behaviors of drops and bubbles in many interfacial gas evolution reactions in clean technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kangkana Kalita
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Binglin Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 1H9, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, 999077, China
| | - Jae Bem You
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - Yifan Li
- Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Anotidaishe Moyo
- Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Ben Bin Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Xuehua Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 1H9, Canada
- Physics of Fluids Group and Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, 7500 AE, Enschede, The Netherlands
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5
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Wang J, Wang Y, Zhang K, Liu X, Zhang S, Wang D, Xie L. Understanding the role of infusing lubricant composition in the interfacial interactions and properties of slippery surface. J Colloid Interface Sci 2024; 659:289-298. [PMID: 38176238 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2023.12.174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Liquid-infused surfaces (LISs) have attracted tremendous attention in recent years owing to their excellent surface properties, such as self-cleaning and anti-fouling. Understanding the effect of lubricant composition on LIS performance is of vital importance, which will help establish the criteria to choose suitable infusing lubricants for specific applications. In this work, the role of chemical composition of lubricant in the properties of LISs was investigated. The apparent water contact angle θapp was dependent on the temperature and beeswax/silicone oil ratio. Nevertheless, the trend of moving velocity of water drop on the tilted LISs did not follow that of θapp at 20 °C and 37 °C, which was attributed to the increased lubricant viscosity with beeswax/silicone oil ratio. At 60 °C, the drop velocity and θapp shared the similar variation trend with beeswax/silicone oil ratio, highlighting the significant role of chemistry of the components in beeswax. The alkanes and fatty acids promoted the drop movement, while the fatty acid esters impeded the movement. The interaction forces between water drop and lubricant surfaces were measured using atomic force microscopy. It was demonstrated that the interaction between water drop and lubricant was not the only factor to control the drop movement, while the interaction between lubricant and substrate as well as of lubricant itself also determined the movement. When the adhesions of water-lubricant and lubricant-substrate were similar for different lubricants, the influence of cohesion of lubricant became significant. This work provides useful insights into the fundamental understanding of the interfacial interactions of test drop, infusing lubricant and solid substrate of LISs, and the effect of infusing lubricant composition on the LIS performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingyi Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fields Applied Chemistry, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China.
| | - Yifan Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Kuanjun Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Xun Liu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China
| | - Shishuang Zhang
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China
| | - Dianlin Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest Petroleum University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China; Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fields Applied Chemistry, Chengdu, Sichuan 610500, China.
| | - Lei Xie
- School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China; Key Laboratory of Icing and Anti/De-icing, China Aerodynamics Research and Development Center, Mianyang, Sichuan 621000, China.
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6
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Xu H, Herzog JM, Zhou Y, Bashirzadeh Y, Liu A, Adera S. Visualization and Experimental Characterization of Wrapping Layer Using Planar Laser-Induced Fluorescence. ACS NANO 2024; 18:4068-4076. [PMID: 38277478 PMCID: PMC10851937 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c07407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 12/24/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 01/28/2024]
Abstract
Droplets on nanotextured oil-impregnated surfaces have high mobility due to record-low contact angle hysteresis (∼1-3°), attributed to the absence of solid-liquid contact. Past studies have utilized the ultralow droplet adhesion on these surfaces to improve condensation, reduce hydrodynamic drag, and inhibit biofouling. Despite their promising utility, oil-impregnated surfaces are not fully embraced by industry because of the concern for lubricant depletion, the source of which has not been adequately studied. Here, we use planar laser-induced fluorescence (PLIF) to not only visualize the oil layer encapsulating the droplet (aka wrapping layer) but also measure its thickness since the wrapping layer contributes to lubricant depletion. Our PLIF visualization and experiments show that (a) due to the imbalance of interfacial forces at the three-phase contact line, silicone oil forms a wrapping layer on the outer surface of water droplets, (b) the thickness of the wrapping layer is nonuniform both in space and time, and (c) the time-average thickness of the wrapping layer is ∼50 ± 10 nm, a result that compares favorably with our scaling analysis (∼50 nm), which balances the curvature-induced capillary force with the intermolecular van der Waals forces. Our experiments show that, unlike silicone oil, mineral oil does not form a wrapping layer, an observation that can be exploited to mitigate oil depletion of nanotextured oil-impregnated surfaces. Besides advancing our mechanistic understanding of the wrapping oil layer dynamics, the insights gained from this work can be used to quantify the lubricant depletion rate by pendant droplets in dropwise condensation and water harvesting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobo Xu
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United States
| | - Joshua M. Herzog
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United States
| | - Yimin Zhou
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United States
| | - Yashar Bashirzadeh
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United States
| | - Allen Liu
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United States
| | - Solomon Adera
- Department of Mechanical
Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48105, United States
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7
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Banerjee U, Gunjan MR, Mitra SK. Directional Manipulation of Drops and Solids on a Magneto-Responsive Slippery Surface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 38306611 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2024]
Abstract
The cloaking of the droplet and solid spheres by a thin ferrofluid layer forms a ferrofluid-wetting ridge, enabling the magnet-assisted directional manipulation of droplets and solid spheres on the magneto-responsive slippery surface. Understanding the interplay of various forces governing motion unravels the manipulation mechanism. The transportation characteristics of droplets and solid spheres on such surfaces enable their controlled manipulation in multiple applications. Here, we prepare magneto-responsive slippery surfaces by using superhydrophobic coatings on glass slides, creating a porous network and impregnating them with ferrofluid. Using a permanent magnet (and its translation) in the proximity of these surfaces, we manipulate the motion of liquid drops and solid spheres. Upon dispensing the droplet on the magneto-responsive slippery surface, the droplet is cloaked by a thin ferrofluid layer and forms a ferrofluid wetting ridge. Incorporating the magnetic field creates a magnetic-nanoparticle-rich zone surrounding the ferrofluid ridge. Thereafter, the motion of the magnet gives rise to the movement of the droplet. We found that the interplay of the magnetic force and viscous drag leads to the magnetic manipulation of droplets in a controlled fashion up to a certain magnet speed. Increasing the magnet speed further results in the uncontrolled motion of the droplet, where the droplet cannot follow the magnet trajectory. Moreover, we delineate multifunctional droplet manipulations, such as trapping, pendant droplet manipulation, coalescence, and microchemical reactions, which have wide engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utsab Banerjee
- Micro & Nano-Scale Transport Laboratory, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Madhu Ranjan Gunjan
- Micro & Nano-Scale Transport Laboratory, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sushanta K Mitra
- Micro & Nano-Scale Transport Laboratory, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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8
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Orejon D, Maeda Y, Zhang P, Lv F, Takata Y. Nanorough Is Not Slippery Enough: Implications on Shedding and Heat Transfer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:1779-1793. [PMID: 38164911 PMCID: PMC10788867 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c14232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Lowering droplet-surface interactions via the implementation of lubricant-infused surfaces (LISs) has received important attention in the past years. LISs offer enhanced droplet mobility with low sliding angles and the recently reported slippery Wenzel state, among others, empowered by the presence of the lubricant infused in between the structures, which eventually minimizes the direct interactions between liquid droplets and LISs. Current strategies to increase heat transfer during condensation phase-change relay on minimizing the thickness of the coating as well as enhancing condensate shedding. While further surface structuring may impose an additional heat transfer resistance, the presence of micro-structures eventually reduces the effective condensate-surface intimate interactions with the consequently decreased adhesion and enhanced shedding performance, which is investigated in this work. This is demonstrated by macroscopic and optical microscopy condensation experimental observations paying special attention at the liquid-lubricant and liquid-solid binary interactions at the droplet-LIS interface, which is further supported by a revisited force balance at the droplet triple contact line. Moreover, the occurrence of a condensation-coalescence-shedding regime is quantified for the first time with droplet growth rates one and two orders of magnitude greater than during condensation-coalescence and direct condensation regimes, respectively. Findings presented here are of great importance for the effective design and implementation of LISs via surface structure endowing accurate droplet mobility and control for applications such as anti-icing, self-cleaning, water harvesting, and/or liquid repellent surfaces as well as for condensation heat transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Orejon
- Institute
for Multiscale Thermofluids, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3BF, United
Kingdom
- International
Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yota Maeda
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Thermofluid Physics Laboratory, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Peng Zhang
- Institute
of Refrigeration and Cryogenics, Shanghai
Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Fengyong Lv
- School
of Urban Construction and Safety Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China
| | - Yasuyuki Takata
- Institute
for Multiscale Thermofluids, School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Scotland EH9 3BF, United
Kingdom
- International
Institute for Carbon-Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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9
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Zeng B, Yang H, Xu BB, Lohse D, Zhang X. Launching a Drop via Interplay of Buoyancy and Stick-Jump Dissolution. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2303177. [PMID: 37726248 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023]
Abstract
According to Archimedes' principle, a submerged object with a density lower than that of aqueous acid solution is more buoyant than a smaller one. In this work, a remarkable phenomenon is reported wherein a dissolving drop on a substrate rises in the water only after it has diminished to a much smaller size, though the buoyancy is smaller. The drop consisting of a polymer solution reacts with the acid in the surrounding, yielding a water-soluble product. During drop dissolution, water-rich microdroplets form within the drop, merging with the external aqueous phase along the drop-substrate boundary. Two key elements determine the drop rise dynamics. The first is the stick-jump behavior during drop dissolution. The second is that buoyancy exerts a strong enough force on the drop at an Archimedean number greater than 1, while the stick-jump behavior is ongoing. The time of the drop rise is controlled by the initial size and the reaction rate of the drop. This novel mechanism for programmable drop rise may be beneficial for many future applications, such as microfluidics, microrobotics, and device engineering where the spontaneous drop detachment may be utilized to trigger a cascade of events in a dense medium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binglin Zeng
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 1H9, Canada
| | - Haichang Yang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 1H9, Canada
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, 221116, China
| | - Ben Bin Xu
- Mechanical and Construction Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Environment, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK
| | - Detlef Lohse
- Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
- Max Planck Institute for Dynamics and Self-Organization, 37077, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Xuehua Zhang
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, T6G 1H9, Canada
- Physics of Fluids Group, Max Planck Center for Complex Fluid Dynamics, University of Twente, Enschede, 7500 AE, The Netherlands
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10
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Sun P, Hao X, Jin Y, Yin Y, Wu C, Zhang J, Gao L, Wang S, Wang Z. Heterogenous Slippery Surfaces: Enabling Spontaneous and Rapid Transport of Viscous Liquids with Viscosities Exceeding 10 000 mPa s. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2304218. [PMID: 37649201 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202304218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Superhydrophobic and slippery lubricant-infused surfaces have garnered significant attention for their potential to passively transport low-viscosity liquids like water (1 mPa s). Despite exciting progress, these designs have proven ineffective for transporting high-viscosity liquids such as polydimethylsiloxane (5500 mPa s) due to their inherent limitations imposed by the homogenous surface design, resulting in high viscous drags and compromised capillary forces. Here, a heterogenous water-infused divergent surface (WIDS) is proposed that achieves spontaneous, rapid, and long-distance transport of viscous liquids. WIDS reduces viscous drag by spatially isolating the viscous liquids and surface roughness through its heterogenous, slippery topological design, and generates capillary forces through its heterogenous wetting distributions. The essential role of surface heterogeneity in viscous liquid transport is theoretically and experimentally verified. Remarkably, such a heterogenous paradigm enables transporting liquids with viscosities exceeding 12 500 mPa s, which is two orders of magnitude higher than state-of-the-art techniques. Furthermore, this heterogenous design is generic for various viscous liquids and can be made flexible, making it promising for various systems that require viscous liquid management, such as micropatterning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Xiuqing Hao
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Yuankai Jin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Yingying Yin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Chenyang Wu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210000, P. R. China
| | - Lujia Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Steven Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
| | - Zuankai Wang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China
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11
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Celik N, Sahin F, Ruzi M, Ceylan A, Butt HJ, Onses MS. Mechanochemical Activation of Silicone for Large-Scale Fabrication of Anti-Biofouling Liquid-like Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:54060-54072. [PMID: 37953492 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c11352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Large-scale preparation of liquid-like coatings with perfect transparency via solventless and room-temperature processes using low-cost and biocompatible materials is of tremendous interest for a broad range of applications. Here, we present a mechanochemical activation strategy for solventless grafting of poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) onto glass, silicon wafers, and ceramics. Activation is achieved via ball milling PDMS without using any solvents or additives prior to application. Ball milling results in chain scission and generation of free radicals, allowing room-temperature grafting at durations ≤1 h. The deposition of ball-milled PDMS can be facilitated by brushing or drop-casting, enabling large-scale applications. The resulting surfaces facilitate the sliding of droplets at angles <20° for liquids with surface tension ranging from 22 to 73 mN/m. An important application for public health is generating anti-biofouling coatings on sanitary ware. For example, PDMS-grafted surfaces prepared on a regular-size toilet bowl exhibit a 105-fold decrease in the attachment of bacteria from urine. These findings highlight the significant potential of mechanochemical processes for the practical preparation of liquid-like surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusret Celik
- ERNAM─Erciyes University Nanotechnology Application and Research Center, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Furkan Sahin
- ERNAM─Erciyes University Nanotechnology Application and Research Center, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Beykent University, 34398 Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mahmut Ruzi
- ERNAM─Erciyes University Nanotechnology Application and Research Center, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ahmet Ceylan
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Hans-Jürgen Butt
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, D-55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mustafa Serdar Onses
- ERNAM─Erciyes University Nanotechnology Application and Research Center, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Erciyes University, 38039 Kayseri, Turkey
- UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Institute of Materials Science and Nanotechnology, Bilkent University, 06800 Ankara, Turkey
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12
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Zheng SF, Gao YY, Yang LT, Gao SR, Yang YR, Lee DJ, Sunden B, Wang XD. Theoretical and Three-Dimensional Molecular Dynamics Study of Droplet Wettability and Mobility on Lubricant-Infused Porous Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:13371-13385. [PMID: 37675482 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Profiting from their slippery nature, lubricant-infused porous surfaces endow with droplets excellent mobility and consequently promise remarkable heat transfer improvement for dropwise condensation. To be a four-phase wetting system, the droplet wettability configurations and the corresponding dynamic characteristics on lubricant-infused porous surfaces are closely related to many factors, such as multiple interfacial interactions, surface features, and lubricant thickness, which keeps a long-standing challenge to promulgate the underlying physics. In this work, thermodynamically theoretical analysis and three-dimensional molecular dynamics simulations with the coarse-grained water and hexane models are carried out to explore droplet wettability and mobility on lubricant-infused porous surfaces. Combined with accessible theoretical criteria, phase diagrams of droplet configurations are constructed with a comprehensive consideration of interfacial interactions, surface structures, and lubricant thickness. Subsequently, droplet sliding and coalescence dynamics are quantitatively defined under different configurations. Finally, in terms of the promotion of dropwise condensation, a non-cloaking configuration with the encapsulated state underneath the droplet is recommended to achieve high droplet mobility owing to the low viscous drag of the lubricant and the eliminated pinning effect of the contact line. On the basis of the low oil-water and water-solid interactions, a stable lubricant layer with a relatively low thickness is suggested to construct slippery surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Fei Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yi-Ying Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Li-Tao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Shu-Rong Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Yan-Ru Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
| | - Duu-Jong Lee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Yuan Ze University, Chung-li, Taoyuan City 320315, Taiwan
| | | | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Alternate Electrical Power System with Renewable Energy Sources, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
- Research Center of Engineering Thermophysics, North China Electric Power University, Beijing 102206, China
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13
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Mund A, Nayse AK, Das A. Design of a Liquid Impregnated Surface with a Stable Lubricant Layer in a Mixed Water/Oil Environment for Low Hydrate Adhesion. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:11964-11974. [PMID: 37431818 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Clathrate hydrate is a naturally occurring icelike solid that forms in the water phase under suitable temperature and pressure conditions in the presence of one or more hydrophobic molecules. It also forms inside the oil and gas pipes, leading to higher pumping cost, flow blockage, and even catastrophic accidents. Engineered surfaces with low hydrate adhesion can provide an effective solution to this problem. Liquid impregnated surfaces are examples of engineered surfaces that have already shown tremendous potential for reducing the nucleation and adhesion of solids. Here, we report the design and synthesis of liquid impregnated surfaces with extremely low hydrate adhesion under an oil and water mixed environment. The most challenging aspect of designing these surfaces was to stabilize a lubricant layer simultaneously under water and oil. A detailed methodology to make such lubricant-stable surfaces from a theoretical perspective was described and experimentally validated for lubricant stability. Experimental measurements on such surfaces showed extremely low hydrate accumulation and 1 order of magnitude or more reduction in hydrate adhesion force.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mund
- School of Mechanical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Goa, GEC Campus, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa 403401, India
| | - Amit K Nayse
- School of Mechanical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Goa, GEC Campus, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa 403401, India
| | - Arindam Das
- School of Mechanical Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology (IIT) Goa, GEC Campus, Farmagudi, Ponda, Goa 403401, India
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14
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Xu H, Zhou Y, Daniel D, Herzog J, Wang X, Sick V, Adera S. Droplet attraction and coalescence mechanism on textured oil-impregnated surfaces. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4901. [PMID: 37596277 PMCID: PMC10439220 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40279-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Droplets residing on textured oil-impregnated surfaces form a wetting ridge due to the imbalance of interfacial forces at the contact line, leading to a wealth of phenomena not seen on traditional lotus-leaf-inspired non-wetting surfaces. Here, we show that the wetting ridge leads to long-range attraction between millimeter-sized droplets, which coalesce in three distinct stages: droplet attraction, lubricant draining, and droplet merging. Our experiments and model show that the magnitude of the velocity and acceleration at which droplets approach each other horizontally is the same as the vertical oil rise velocity and acceleration in the wetting ridge. Moreover, the droplet coalescence mechanism can be modeled using the classical mass-spring system. The insights gained from this work will inform future fundamental studies on remote droplet interaction on textured oil-impregnated surfaces for optimizing water harvesting and condensation heat transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haobo Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Yimin Zhou
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Dan Daniel
- Division of Physical Sciences and Engineering, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Joshua Herzog
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Xiaoguang Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
- Sustainability Institute, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA
| | - Volker Sick
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Solomon Adera
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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15
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Misra S, Tenjimbayashi M, Weng W, Mitra SK, Naito M. Bioinspired Scalable Lubricated Bicontinuous Porous Composites with Self-Recoverability and Exceptional Outdoor Durability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 37481765 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c03128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2023]
Abstract
Lubricant-impregnated surfaces (LIS) are promising as efficient liquid-repellent surfaces, which comprise a surface lubricant layer stabilized by base solid structures. However, the lubricant layer is susceptible to depletion upon exposure to degrading stimuli, leading to the loss of functionality. Lubricant depletion becomes even more pronounced in exposed outdoor conditions, restricting LIS to short-term lab-scale applications. Thus, the development of scalable and long-term stable LIS suitable for practical outdoor applications remains challenging. In this work, we designed "Lubricated Bicontinuous porous Composites" (LuBiCs) by infusing a silicone oil lubricant into a bicontinuous porous composite matrix of tetrapod-shaped zinc oxide microfillers and poly(dimethylsiloxane). LuBiCs are prepared in the meter scale by a facile drop-casting inspired wet process. The bicontinuous porous feature of the LuBiCs enables capillarity-driven spontaneous lubricant transport throughout the surface without any external driving force. Consequently, the LuBiCs can regain liquid-repellent function upon lubricant depletion via capillary replenishment from a small, connected lubricant reservoir, making them tolerant to lubricant-degrading stimuli (e.g., rain shower, surface wiping, and shearing). As a proof-of-concept, we show that the large-scale "LuBiC roof" retains slippery behavior even after more than 9 months of outdoor exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirshendu Misra
- Micro & Nano-Scale Transport Laboratory, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mizuki Tenjimbayashi
- International Center for Materials Nanoarchitectonics (MANA), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Namiki, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan
| | - Wei Weng
- Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System (MaDIS), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
| | - Sushanta K Mitra
- Micro & Nano-Scale Transport Laboratory, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Masanobu Naito
- Research and Services Division of Materials Data and Integrated System (MaDIS), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), 1-1 Sengen, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0047, Japan
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16
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Üçüncüoğlu R, Erbil HY. Water Drop Evaporation on Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surfaces (SLIPS): Effect of Lubricant Thickness, Viscosity, Ridge Height, and Pattern Geometry. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:6514-6528. [PMID: 37103333 PMCID: PMC10173461 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Sessile drop evaporation and condensation on slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) is crucial for many applications. However, its modeling is complex since the infused lubricant forms a wetting ridge around the drop close to the contact line, which partially blocks the free surface area and decreases the drop evaporation rate. Although a good model was available after 2015, the effects of initial lubricant heights (hoil)i above the pattern, and the corresponding initial ridge heights (hr)i, lubricant viscosity, and solid pattern type were not well studied. This work fills this gap where water drop evaporations from SLIPS, which are obtained by infusing silicone oils (20 and 350 cSt) onto hydrophobized Si wafer micropatterns having both cylindrical and square prism pillars, are investigated under constant relative humidity and temperature conditions. With the increase of (hoil)i, the corresponding (hr)i increased almost linearly on lower parts of the drops for all SLIPS samples, resulting in slower drop evaporation rates. A novel diffusion-limited evaporation equation from SLIPS is derived depending on the available free liquid-air interfacial area, ALV, which represents the unblocked part of the total drop surface. The calculation of the diffusion constant, D, of water vapor in air from (dALV/dt) values obtained by drop evaporation was successful up to a threshold value of (hoil)i = 8 μm within ±7%, and large deviations (13-27%) were obtained when (hoil)i > 8 μm, possibly due to the formation of thin silicone oil cloaking layers on drop surfaces, which partially blocked evaporation. The increase of infused silicone oil viscosity caused only a slight increase (12-17%) in drop lifetimes. The effects of the geometry and size of the pillars on the drop evaporation rates were minimal. These findings may help optimize the lubricant oil layer thickness and viscosity used for SLIPS to achieve low operational costs in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Üçüncüoğlu
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400 Kocaeli, Türkiye
| | - H Yildirim Erbil
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Gebze Technical University, Gebze, 41400 Kocaeli, Türkiye
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17
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Misra S, Banerjee U, Mitra SK. Liquid-Liquid Encapsulation: Penetration vs. Trapping at a Liquid Interfacial Layer. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:23938-23950. [PMID: 37145417 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c02177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Encapsulation protects vulnerable cores in an aggressive environment and imparts desirable functionalities to the overall encapsulated cargo, including control of mechanical properties, release kinetics, and targeted delivery. Liquid-liquid encapsulation to create such capsules, where a liquid layer (shell) is used to wrap another liquid (core), is an attractive value proposition for ultrafast encapsulation (∼100 ms). Here, we demonstrate a robust framework for stable liquid-liquid encapsulation. Wrapping is achieved by simple impingement of a target core (in liquid form) on top of an interfacial layer of another shell-forming liquid floating on a host liquid bath. Poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) is chosen as the shell-forming liquid due to its biocompatibility, physicochemical stability, heat curability, and acceptability as both a drug excipient and food additive. Depending on the kinetic energy of the impinging core droplet, encapsulation is accomplished by either of the two pathways─necking-driven complete interfacial penetration and subsequent generation of encapsulated droplets inside the host bath or trapping inside the interfacial layer. Combining thermodynamic argument with experimental demonstration, we show that the interfacially trapped state, which results in a low kinetic energy of impact, is also an encapsulated state where the core droplet is wholly enclosed inside the floating interfacial layer. Therefore, despite being impact-driven, our method remains kinetic energy independent and minimally restrictive. We describe the underlying interfacial evolution behind encapsulation and experimentally identify a nondimensional regime of occurrence for the two pathways mentioned above. Successful encapsulation by either path offers efficient long-term protection of the encased cores in aggressive surroundings (e.g., protection of honey/maple syrup inside a water bath despite their miscibility). We enable the generation of multifunctional compound droplets via interfacial trapping, where multiple core droplets with different compositions are encapsulated within the same wrapping shell. Further, we demonstrate the practical utility of the interfacially trapped state by showing successful heat-curing of the shell and subsequent extraction of the capsule. The cured capsules are sufficiently robust and remain stable under normal handling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sirshendu Misra
- Micro & Nano-Scale Transport Laboratory, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Utsab Banerjee
- Micro & Nano-Scale Transport Laboratory, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Sushanta K Mitra
- Micro & Nano-Scale Transport Laboratory, Waterloo Institute for Nanotechnology, Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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18
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Bottone D, Seeger S. Droplet Memory on Liquid-Infused Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:6160-6168. [PMID: 37067495 PMCID: PMC10157887 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The knowledge of droplet friction on liquid-infused surfaces (LIS) is of paramount importance for applications involving liquid manipulation. While the possible dissipation mechanisms are well-understood, the effect of surface texture has thus far been mainly investigated on LIS with highly regular solid topographies. In this work, we aim to address this experimental gap by studying the friction experienced by water droplets on LIS based on both random and regular polysilsesquioxane nanostructures. We show that the available models apply to the tested surfaces, but we observe a previously unreported droplet memory effect: as consecutive droplets travel along the same path, their velocity increases up to a plateau value before returning to the original state after a sufficiently long time. We study the features of this phenomenon by evaluating the motion of droplets when they cross the path of a previous sequence of droplets, discovering that moving droplets create a low-friction trace in their wake, whose size matches their base diameter. Finally, we attribute this to the temporary smoothing out of an initially conformal lubricant layer by means of a Landau-Levich-Derjaguin liquid film deposition behind the moving droplet. The proposed mechanism might apply to any LIS with a conformal lubricant layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davide Bottone
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Seeger
- Department of Chemistry, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
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19
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Gresham IJ, Neto C. Advances and challenges in slippery covalently-attached liquid surfaces. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 315:102906. [PMID: 37099851 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2023.102906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, a new class of slippery, anti-adhesive surfaces known as slippery covalently-attached liquid surfaces (SCALS) has emerged, characterized by low values of contact angle hysteresis (CAH, less than 5°) with water and most solvents. Despite their nanoscale thickness (1 to 5 nm), SCALS exhibit behavior similar to lubricant-infused surfaces, including high droplet mobility and the ability to prevent icing, scaling, and fouling. To date, SCALS have primarily been obtained using grafted polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), though there are also examples of polyethylene oxide (PEO), perfluorinated polyether (PFPE), and short-chain alkane SCALS. Importantly, the precise physico-chemical characteristics that enable ultra-low CAH are unknown, making rational design of these systems impossible. In this review, we conduct a quantitative and comparative analysis of reported values of CAH, molecular weight, grafting density, and layer thickness for a range of SCALS. We find that CAH does not scale monotonically with any reported parameter; instead, the CAH minimum is found at intermediate values. For PDMS, optimal behavior is observed at advancing contact angle of 106°, molecular weight between 2 and 10 kg mol-1, and grafting density of around 0.5 nm-2. CAH on SCALS is lowest for layers created from end-grafted chains and increases with the number of binding sites, and can generally be improved by increasing the chemical homogeneity of the surface through the capping of residual silanols. We review the existing literature on SCALS, including both synthetic and functional aspects of current preparative methods. The properties of reported SCALS are quantitatively analyzed, revealing trends in the existing data and highlighting areas for future experimental study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Isaac J Gresham
- School of Chemistry and the University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW Australia, Sydney 2006, NSW, Australia.
| | - Chiara Neto
- School of Chemistry and the University of Sydney Nano Institute, The University of Sydney, NSW Australia, Sydney 2006, NSW, Australia.
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20
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Patel H, Pavlichenko I, Grinthal A, Zhang CT, Alvarenga J, Kreder MJ, Weaver JC, Ji Q, Ling CWF, Choy J, Li Z, Black NL, Bispo PJM, Lewis JA, Kozin ED, Aizenberg J, Remenschneider AK. Design of medical tympanostomy conduits with selective fluid transport properties. Sci Transl Med 2023; 15:eadd9779. [PMID: 37018418 DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.add9779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/07/2023]
Abstract
Implantable tubes, shunts, and other medical conduits are crucial for treating a wide range of conditions from ears and eyes to brain and liver but often impose serious risks of device infection, obstruction, migration, unreliable function, and tissue damage. Efforts to alleviate these complications remain at an impasse because of fundamentally conflicting design requirements: Millimeter-scale size is required to minimize invasiveness but exacerbates occlusion and malfunction. Here, we present a rational design strategy that reconciles these trade-offs in an implantable tube that is even smaller than the current standard of care. Using tympanostomy tubes (ear tubes) as an exemplary case, we developed an iterative screening algorithm and show how unique curved lumen geometries of the liquid-infused conduit can be designed to co-optimize drug delivery, effusion drainage, water resistance, and biocontamination/ingrowth prevention in a single subcapillary-length-scale device. Through extensive in vitro studies, we demonstrate that the engineered tubes enabled selective uni- and bidirectional fluid transport; nearly eliminated adhesion and growth of common pathogenic bacteria, blood, and cells; and prevented tissue ingrowth. The engineered tubes also enabled complete eardrum healing and hearing preservation and exhibited more efficient and rapid antibiotic delivery to the middle ear in healthy chinchillas compared with current tympanostomy tubes, without resulting in ototoxicity at up to 24 weeks. The design principle and optimization algorithm presented here may enable tubes to be customized for a wide range of patient needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haritosh Patel
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02134, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ida Pavlichenko
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02134, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alison Grinthal
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02134, USA
| | - Cathy T Zhang
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02134, USA
| | - Jack Alvarenga
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02134, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael J Kreder
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02134, USA
| | - James C Weaver
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02134, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Qin Ji
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Christopher W F Ling
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Joseph Choy
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Zihan Li
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Nicole L Black
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02134, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Paulo J M Bispo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114, USA
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jennifer A Lewis
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02134, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Elliott D Kozin
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Joanna Aizenberg
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02134, USA
- Wyss Institute for Biologically Inspired Engineering, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Aaron K Remenschneider
- Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02115, USA
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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21
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Bae K, Kang M, Shin Y, Choi E, Kim YM, Lee J. Multifunctional Edible Oil-Impregnated Nanoporous Oxide Layer on AISI 304 Stainless Steel. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:807. [PMID: 36903685 PMCID: PMC10005306 DOI: 10.3390/nano13050807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Slippery liquid-infused porous surface (SLIPS) realized on commercial materials provides various functionalities, such as corrosion resistance, condensation heat transfer, anti-fouling, de/anti-icing, and self-cleaning. In particular, perfluorinated lubricants infused in fluorocarbon-coated porous structures have showed exceptional performances with durability; however, they caused several issues in safety, due to their difficulty in degradation and bio-accumulation. Here, we introduce a new approach to create the multifunctional lubricant-impregnated surface with edible oils and fatty acid, which are also safe to human body and degradable in nature. The edible oil-impregnated anodized nanoporous stainless steel surface shows a significantly low contact angle hysteresis and sliding angle, which is similar with general surface of fluorocarbon lubricant-infused systems. The edible oil impregnated in the hydrophobic nanoporous oxide surface also inhibits the direct contact of external aqueous solution to a solid surface structure. Due to such de-wetting property caused by a lubricating effect of edible oils, the edible oil-impregnated stainless steel surface shows enhanced corrosion resistance, anti-biofouling and condensation heat transfer with reduced ice adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kichang Bae
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Minju Kang
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeji Shin
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunyoung Choi
- Dongnam Division, Korea Institute of Industrial Technology, Yangsan 50623, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Mog Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Junghoon Lee
- Department of Metallurgical Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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22
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Gupta S, Bhatt B, Sharma M, Khare K. Numerical and experimental investigation of static wetting morphologies of aqueous drops on lubricated slippery surfaces using a quasi-static approach. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:1164-1173. [PMID: 36637154 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01485h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The static wetting behavior of drops on surfaces with thin lubricating films is very different compared to solid surfaces. Due to the slow dynamics of the wetting ridge, it is challenging to predict the apparent contact angles of such drops. It is hypothesized that for a sinking drop on a lubricated surface, quasi-static wetting morphology can be numerically computed from the knowledge of interfacial energies, lubricant thickness, and drop volume. In this study, we use Surface Evolver to numerically compute the static wetting morphology for the four-phase system using a quasi-static approach with a sinking time similar to the early-intermediate times, and the results agree well with the corresponding experiments. We find that the apparent contact angles depend significantly on the lubricant thickness and substrate wettability compared to other parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivam Gupta
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.
| | - Bidisha Bhatt
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.
| | - Meenaxi Sharma
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.
| | - Krishnacharya Khare
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India.
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23
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Hauer L, Cai Z, Skabeev A, Vollmer D, Pham JT. Phase Separation in Wetting Ridges of Sliding Drops on Soft and Swollen Surfaces. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:058205. [PMID: 36800444 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.058205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Drops in contact with swollen, elastomeric substrates can induce a capillary mediated phase separation in wetting ridges. Using confocal microscopy, we visualize phase separation of oligomeric silicone oil from a cross-linked silicone network during steady-state sliding of water drops. We find an inverse relationship between the oil tip height and the drop sliding speed, which is rationalized by competing transport timescales of the oil molecules: separation rate versus drop-advection speed. Separation rates in highly swollen networks are as fast as diffusion in pure melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Hauer
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40506 Kentucky, USA
| | - Zhuoyun Cai
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40506 Kentucky, USA
| | - Artem Skabeev
- Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Lessingstrasse 8, 07743 Jena, Germany
| | - Doris Vollmer
- Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, Ackermannweg 10, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Jonathan T Pham
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, 40506 Kentucky, USA
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24
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Sun J, Weisensee PB. Marangoni-induced reversal of meniscus-climbing microdroplets. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:625-633. [PMID: 36168911 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00979j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Small water droplets or particles located at an oil meniscus typically climb the meniscus due to unbalanced capillary forces. Here, we introduce a size-dependent reversal of this meniscus-climbing behavior, where upon cooling of the underlying substrate, droplets of different sizes concurrently ascend and descend the meniscus. We show that microscopic Marangoni convection cells within the oil meniscus are responsible for this phenomenon. While dynamics of relatively larger water microdroplets are still dominated by unbalanced capillary forces and hence ascend the meniscus, smaller droplets are carried by the surface flow and consequently descend the meniscus. We further demonstrate that the magnitude and direction of the convection cells depend on the meniscus geometry and the substrate temperature and introduce a modified Marangoni number that well predicts their strength. Our findings provide a new approach to manipulating droplets on a liquid meniscus that could have applications in material self-assembly, biological sensing and testing, or phase change heat transfer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianxing Sun
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA.
| | - Patricia B Weisensee
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Science, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA.
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, USA
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25
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Xiang H, Yuan Y, Zhang C, Dai X, Zhu T, Song L, Gai Y, Liao R. Key Factors Affecting Durable Anti-Icing of Slippery Surfaces: Pore Size and Porosity. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:3599-3612. [PMID: 36579670 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c17881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPSs) are widely used as an effective passive approach to reduce icing disasters. However, various porous structures make SLIPSs exhibit different droplet mobility and lubricant stability. Undoubtedly, the substrate surface has a great impact on the durable anti-icing of SLIPSs. Herein, surfaces with different pore sizes and porosities were prepared to study their effects on the performance of SLIPS. The results show that small pores and high porosity are beneficial for the preparation of durable anti-icing SLIPS. The small pore size (about 100 nm) has a strong capillary pressure on the lubricant, and the surface with high porosity (66%) possesses a large lubricant-liquid contact ratio. These two can greatly improve the lubricant stability of SLIPS and achieve rapid self-healing. The SLIPS prepared by a suitable porous surface shows excellent anti-icing performance in the simulated glaze ice and durable anti-icing ability in the long-term icing/deicing cycles. In detail, the prepared SLIPS experiences more than 140 icing/deicing cycles through four effective self-healing while maintaining extremely low ice adhesion (<20 kPa). This work proposes a certain improved SLIPS with small pores and high porosity to achieve excellent durable anti-icing performance, broadening the practical applications of SLIPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Xiang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, China
| | - Yuan Yuan
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, China
| | - Xu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, China
| | - Linbo Song
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, China
| | - Yu Gai
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, China
| | - Ruijin Liao
- State Key Laboratory of Power Transmission Equipment & System Security and New Technology, Chongqing University, Chongqing400044, China
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26
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Lee J, Sett S, Miljkovic N. In Situ Opto-Hydrodynamic Characterization of Lubricant-Infused Surface Degradation. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:367-376. [PMID: 36548905 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02595] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Vapor condensation is widely used in industrial systems due to its effective heat and mass transfer when compared to single-phase thermal transport. In particular, dropwise condensation can significantly enhance heat transfer performance due to rapid droplet shedding and promotion of additional nucleation sites for vapor condensation. Recently, lubricant-infused surfaces (LISs) composed of superhydrophobic structures infused with a low surface tension lubricant have been shown to effectively promote dropwise condensation of a variety of fluids by forming chemically and topographically homogeneous low-surface-energy surfaces. However, depletion of the infused lubricant remains a critical limitation to developing durable LISs which can sustain prolonged dropwise condensation. Moreover, the observed degradation is difficult to detect especially during active condensation on the surface. Here, we introduce an optical measurement technique to quantify in situ and in operando lubricant drainage from LISs. The optical method allows for non-invasive, instantaneous, and accurate prediction of the lifespan of LISs. The method implements the analysis of sample transient transparency, with depletion leading to exposure of the structure and increased light scattering. Our work demonstrates the logarithmic relation between the amount of the lubricant remaining in the LIS and the optical transmittance of the LIS, validating our unique technique for estimating the durability of LISs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyoung Lee
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
| | - Soumyadip Sett
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat 382355, India
| | - Nenad Miljkovic
- Department of Mechanical Science and Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, United States
- International Institute for Carbon Neutral Energy Research (WPI-I2CNER), Kyushu University, 744 Moto-oka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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27
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Peng Y, Jiao Y, Li C, Zhu S, Chen C, Hu Y, Li J, Cao Y, Wu D. Meniscus-Induced Directional Self-Transport of Submerged Bubbles on a Slippery Oil-Infused Pillar Array with Height-Gradient. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:15001-15007. [PMID: 36410051 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Directional manipulation of submerged bubbles is fundamental for both theoretical research and industrial production. However, most current strategies are limited to the upward motion direction, complex surface topography, and additional apparatuses. Here, we report a meniscus-induced self-transport platform, namely, a slippery oil-infused pillar array with height-gradient (SOPAH) by combining femtosecond laser drilling and replica mold technology. Owing to the unbalanced capillary force and Laplace pressure difference, bubbles on SOPAH tend to spontaneously transport along the meniscus gradient toward a higher elevation. The self-transport performances of bubbles near the pillars depend on the complex meniscus shape. Significantly, to understand the underlying transport mechanism, the 3D meniscus profile is simulated by solving the Young-Laplace equation. It is found that the concave valleys formed between the adjacent pillars can change the gradient direction of the meniscus and lead to the varied transport performances. Finally, by taking advantage of a water electrolysis system, the assembled SOPAH serving as a bubble-collecting device is successfully deployed. This work should not only bring new insights into the meniscus-induced self-transport dynamics but also benefit potential applications in the field of intelligent bubble manipulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubin Peng
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, China
| | - Yunlong Jiao
- Institute of Tribology, School of Mechanical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - Chuanzong Li
- School of Computer and Information Engineering, Fuyang Normal University, Fuyang236037, China
| | - Suwan Zhu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Department of Materials Physics and New Energy Device, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei230009, China
| | - Yanlei Hu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Jiawen Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
| | - Yaoyu Cao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Optical Fiber Sensing and Communications, Institute of Photonics Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, China
| | - Dong Wu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Precision Machinery and Precision Instrumentation, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230026, China
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28
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Wang L, Yin K, Deng Q, Huang Q, He J, Duan J. Wetting Ridge-Guided Directional Water Self-Transport. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2022; 9:e2204891. [PMID: 36253156 PMCID: PMC9731720 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202204891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Directional water self-transport plays a crucial role in diverse applications such as biosensing and water harvesting. Despite extensive progress, current strategies for directional water self-transport are restricted to a short self-driving distance, single function, and complicated fabrication methods. Here, a lubricant-infused heterogeneous superwettability surface (LIHSS) for directional water self-transport is proposed on polyimide (PI) film through femtosecond laser direct writing and lubricant infusion. By tuning the parameters of the femtosecond laser, the wettability of PI film can be transformed into superhydrophobic or superhydrophilic. After trapping water droplets on the superhydrophilic surface and depositing excess lubricant, the asymmetrical wetting ridge drives water droplets by an attractive capillary force on the LIHSS. Notably, the maximum droplet self-driving distance can approach ≈3 mm, which is nearly twice as long as the previously reported strategies for direction water self-transport. Significantly, it is demonstrated that this strategy makes it possible to achieve water self-transport, anti-gravity pumping, and chemical microreaction on a tilted LIHSS. This work provides an efficient method to fabricate a promising platform for realizing directional water self-transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiao Wang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and DevicesSchool of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083P. R. China
| | - Kai Yin
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and DevicesSchool of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083P. R. China
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance and Complex ManufacturingCollege of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha410083P. R. China
| | - Qinwen Deng
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and DevicesSchool of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083P. R. China
| | - Qiaoqiao Huang
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and DevicesSchool of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083P. R. China
| | - Jun He
- Hunan Key Laboratory of Nanophotonics and DevicesSchool of Physics and ElectronicsCentral South UniversityChangsha410083P. R. China
| | - Ji‐An Duan
- The State Key Laboratory of High Performance and Complex ManufacturingCollege of Mechanical and Electrical EngineeringCentral South UniversityChangsha410083P. R. China
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29
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He X, Li J, Guan Y, Wang Z. Nanodroplet Wetting and Electrowetting Behavior on Liquid-infused Surfaces: A Molecular Simulation Study. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.121157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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30
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Sahoo S, Mukherjee R. Evaporative Drying of a Water droplet on Liquid Infused Sticky Surfaces. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.130514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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31
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Yan H, Zhang W, Cui Y, Qian F, Wei D, Guo P, Jiao K, Huang J, Wang Q, Zhao C. Durable drag reduction and anti-corrosion for liquid flows inside lubricant-infused aluminum/copper capillaries. Chem Eng Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2022.118275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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32
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Li S, Bista P, Weber SAL, Kappl M, Butt HJ. Spontaneous Charging of Drops on Lubricant-Infused Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:12610-12616. [PMID: 36190842 PMCID: PMC9583601 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c02085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
When a drop of a polar liquid slides over a hydrophobic surface, it acquires a charge. As a result, the surface charges oppositely. For applications such as the generation of electric energy, lubricant-infused surfaces (LIS) may be important because they show a low friction for drops. However, slide electrification on LIS has not been studied yet. Here, slide electrification on lubricant-infused surfaces was studied by measuring the charge generated by series of water drops sliding down inclined surfaces. As LIS, we used PDMS-coated glass with micrometer-thick silicone oil films on top. For PDMS-coated glass without lubricant, the charge for the first drop is highest. Then it decreases and saturates at a steady state charge per drop. With lubricant, the drop charge starts from 0, then it increases and reaches a maximum charge per drop. Afterward, it decreases again before reaching its steady-state value. This dependency is not a unique phenomenon for lubricant-infused PDMS; it also occurs on lubricant-infused micropillar surfaces. We attribute this dependency of charge on drop numbers to a change in surface conductivity and depletion of lubricant. These findings are helpful for understanding the charge process and optimizing solid-liquid nanogenerator devices in applications.
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33
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Abstract
Water harvesting from air has the potential to alleviate water scarcity in arid regions around the globe. To achieve efficient water harvesting, we prefer rapid vapor condensation and droplet collection simultaneously. Prior techniques are not able to separate the vapor and liquid flow, so the condensed droplets always hinder the vapor condensation. In this work, we report a flow-separation condensation mode on a hydrophilic reentrant slippery liquid-infused porous surface. The slippery reentrant channels absorb the condensed droplets, lock the liquid columns inside, and transport them to the end of each channel. As a result, the sustainable flow separation significantly increases the water harvesting rate. Water harvesting from air is desired for decentralized water supply wherever water is needed. When water vapor is condensed as droplets on a surface the unremoved droplets act as thermal barriers. A surface that can provide continual droplet-free areas for nucleation is favorable for condensation water harvesting. Here, we report a flow-separation condensation mode on a hydrophilic reentrant slippery liquid-infused porous surface (SLIPS) that rapidly removes droplets with diameters above 50 μm. The slippery reentrant channels lock the liquid columns inside and transport them to the end of each channel. We demonstrate that the liquid columns can harvest the droplets on top of the hydrophilic reentrant SLIPS at a high droplet removal frequency of 130 Hz/mm2. The sustainable flow separation without flooding increases the water harvesting rate by 110% compared to the state-of-the-art hydrophilic flat SLIPS. Such a flow-separation condensation approach paves a way for water harvesting.
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34
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Zhang L, Tan Z, Zhang C, Tang J, Yao C, You X, Hao B. Research on Metal Corrosion Resistant Bioinspired Special Wetting Surface Based on Laser Texturing Technology: A Review. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1431. [PMID: 36144054 PMCID: PMC9500750 DOI: 10.3390/mi13091431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Metal substrates are widely used in engineering production. However, material life reduction and economic loss due to chemical and electrochemical corrosion are a major problem facing people. Electrochemical corrosion is the main corrosion mode of metals, such as seawater corrosion. It is found that the superhydrophobic surface treated by laser texturing plays an important role in the corrosion resistance of the substrate, with the laser texturing process and post-treatment affecting the corrosion resistance. The corrosion resistance is positively correlated with the superhydrophobic property of the surface. For the mechanism of corrosion resistance, this paper summarizes the effect of micro-nano structure, surface-modified coating, oxidation layer or new product layer, surface inhomogeneity, crystal structure, and slippery surface on corrosion resistance. Superhydrophobic surface and slippery surface are two common types of bioinspired, special wetting surfaces. In order to prepare better superhydrophobic and corrosion-resistant surfaces, this paper summarizes the selection and optimization of laser parameters, surface structure, processing media, and post-treatment from the point of view of mechanism and law. In addition, after summarizing the corrosion resistance mechanism, this paper introduces a series of characterization experiments that can measure the corrosion resistance, providing a reference for preparation and evaluation of the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Zhang
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aero-Propulsion System Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
| | - Zheng Tan
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Chong Zhang
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Jingrong Tang
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Chi Yao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Xiangyu You
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
| | - Bo Hao
- School of Control Engineering, Northeastern University at Qinhuangdao, Qinhuangdao 066004, China
- Key Laboratory of Vibration and Control of Aero-Propulsion System Ministry of Education, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, China
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35
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McHale G, Afify N, Armstrong S, Wells GG, Ledesma-Aguilar R. The Liquid Young's Law on SLIPS: Liquid-Liquid Interfacial Tensions and Zisman Plots. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:10032-10042. [PMID: 35921631 PMCID: PMC9387105 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Slippery liquid-infused porous surfaces (SLIPS) are an innovation that reduces droplet-solid contact line pinning and interfacial friction. Recently, it has been shown that a liquid analogue of Young's law can be deduced for the apparent contact angle of a sessile droplet on SLIPS despite there never being contact by the droplet with the underlying solid. Since contact angles on solids are used to characterize solid-liquid interfacial interactions and the wetting of a solid by a liquid, it is our hypothesis that liquid-liquid interactions and the wetting of a liquid surface by a liquid can be characterized by apparent contact angles on SLIPS. Here, we first present a theory for deducing liquid-liquid interfacial tensions from apparent contact angles. This theory is valid irrespective of whether or not a film of the infusing liquid cloaks the droplet-vapor interface. We show experimentally that liquid-liquid interfacial tensions deduced from apparent contact angles of droplets on SLIPS are in excellent agreement with values from the traditional pendant drop technique. We then consider whether the Zisman method for characterizing the wettability of a solid surface can be applied to liquid surfaces created using SLIPS. We report apparent contact angles for a homologous series of alkanes on Krytox-infused SLIPS and for water-IPA mixtures on both the Krytox-infused SLIPS and a silicone oil-infused SLIPS. The alkanes on the Krytox-infused SLIPS follow a linear relationship in the liquid form of the Zisman plot provided that the effective droplet-vapor interfacial tension is used. All three systems follow a linear relationship on a modified Zisman plot. We interpret these results using the concept of the critical surface tension (CST) for the wettability of a solid surface introduced by Zisman. In our liquid surface case, the obtained critical surface tensions were found to be lower than the infusing liquid-vapor surface tensions.
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36
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Wang T, Wang Z. Liquid-Repellent Surfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:9073-9084. [PMID: 35857533 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c01533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Surfaces are vibrant sites for various activities with environments, especially as the transfer station for mass and energy exchange. In nature, natural creatures exhibit special wetting and interfacial properties such as water repellency and water affinity to adapt to various environmental challenges by taking advantage of air or liquid infusion media. Inspired by natural surfaces, various engineered liquid-repellent surfaces have been developed with a wide range of applications in both open and closed underwater environments. In particular, underwater conditions are characterized by high viscosity, high pressure, and complex compositions, which pose more challenges for the design of robust and functional repellent surfaces. In this Perspective, we take a parallel approach to introduce two classical liquid-repellent surfaces: an air-infused repellent surface and a lubricated liquid-repellent surface. Then we highlight fundamental challenges and design configurations of robust liquid-repellent surfaces both in air and underwater. We summarize the advantages and drawbacks of two kinds of repellent surfaces and list several applications of liquid-repellent surfaces for use in the ocean, medical care, and energy harvesting. Finally, we provide an outlook of research directions for robust liquid-repellent surfaces.
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37
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Durable Icephobic Slippery Liquid-Infused Porous Surfaces (SLIPS) Using Flame- and Cold-Spraying. SUSTAINABILITY 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/su14148422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Icing and ice accretion cause severe problems in different industrial sectors, e.g., in aircrafts, aviation traffic, ships, solar panels, and wind turbines. This can lead to enormous economic losses and serious safety issues. Surface engineering can tackle these problems by designing surface structures to work as icephobic coatings and, this way, act as passive anti-icing solutions. In this research, slippery liquid-infused porous structures were fabricated using flame- and cold-spraying to produce polymer (LDPE and PEEK) coatings, and impregnated with a silicone lubricant. Microstructural details, surface properties, wetting behavior, and cyclic icing–deicing behavior were evaluated via ice adhesion measurements, which show the potential performance of SLIPS designs. All these SLIPS showed low or medium-low ice adhesion after the first icing-deicing cycle and the best candidate showed stable performance even after several icing-deicing cycles.
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38
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Hoeven JESVD, Shneidman AV, Nicolas NJ, Aizenberg J. Evaporation-Induced Self-Assembly of Metal Oxide Inverse Opals: From Synthesis to Applications. Acc Chem Res 2022; 55:1809-1820. [PMID: 35700186 PMCID: PMC9260962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.accounts.2c00087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Inverse opals (IOs) are highly interconnected three-dimensional
macroporous structures with applications in a variety of disciplines
from optics to catalysis. For instance, when the pore size is on the
scale of the wavelength of visible light, IOs exhibit structural color
due to diffraction and interference of light rather than due to absorption
by pigments, making these structures valuable as nonfading paints
and colorants. When IO pores are in an ordered arrangement, the IO
is a 3D photonic crystal, a structure with a plethora of interesting
optical properties that can be used in a multitude of applications,
from sensors to lasers. IOs also have interesting fluidic properties
that arise from the re-entrant geometry of the pores, making them
excellent candidates for colorimetric sensors based on fluid surface
tension. Metal oxide IOs, in particular, can also be photo- and thermally
catalytically active due to the catalytic activity of the background
matrix material or of functional nanoparticles embedded within the
structure. Evaporation-induced self-assembly of sacrificial
particles has
been developed as a scalable method for forming IOs. The pore size
and shape, surface chemistry, matrix material, and the macroscopic
shape of the IO, as well as the inclusion of functional components,
can be designed through the choice of deposition conditions such as
temperature and humidity, types and concentrations of components in
the self-assembly mixture, and the postassembly processing. These
parameters allow researchers to tune the optical, mechanical, and
thermal transport properties of IOs for optimum functionality. In this Account, we focus on experimental and
theoretical studies to understand the self-assembly process and properties
of metal oxide IOs without (bare) and with (hybrid) plasmonic or catalytic
metal nanoparticles incorporated. Several synthetic approaches are
first presented, together with a discussion of the various forces
involved in the assembly process. The visualization of the deposition
front with time-lapse microscopy is then discussed together with analytical
theory and numerical simulations to determine the conditions needed
for the deposition of a continuous IO film. Subsequently, we present
high-resolution scanning electron microscopy (SEM) of assembled colloids
over large areas, which provides a detailed view of the evolution
of the assembly process, showing that the organization of the colloids
is initially dictated by the meniscus of the evaporating suspension
on the substrate, but that gradually all grains rotate to occupy the
thermodynamically most favorable orientation. High-resolution 3D transmission
electron microscopy (TEM) is then presented together with analysis
of the wetting of the templating colloids by the matrix precursor
to provide a detailed picture of the embedding of metallic nanoparticles
at the pore–matrix interface. Finally, the resulting properties
and applications in optics, wetting, and catalysis are discussed,
concluding with an outlook on the future of self-assembled metal-oxide-based
IOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessi E S van der Hoeven
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Materials Chemistry and Catalysis, Debye Institute for Nanomaterials Science, Utrecht University, 3584 CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Anna V Shneidman
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Natalie J Nicolas
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
| | - Joanna Aizenberg
- Harvard John A. Paulson School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States.,Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, United States
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Chaudhuri K, Pham JT. Temperature-dependent soft wetting on amorphous, uncrosslinked polymer surfaces. SOFT MATTER 2022; 18:3698-3704. [PMID: 35485790 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm00301e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The wetting of polymer melts at high temperatures is studied by placing a glycerol drop on a poly(n-butyl methacrylate) film and measuring the wetting ridge. The height of the wetting ridge grows continuously over time. These wetting ridge growth rates can be explained by polymer chain dynamics occurring at the molecular level, determined using oscillatory shear rheology of the polymer melt. The shape of wetting ridge profile can be modeled using an equation previously used for elastomers, with a simple modification that incorporates the time-dependent storage modulus of the uncrosslinked melts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishnaroop Chaudhuri
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
| | - Jonathan T Pham
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40506, USA.
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40
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Agrawal A, Gopu M, Mukherjee R, Mampallil D. Microfluidic Droplet Cluster with Distributed Evaporation Rates as a Model for Bioaerosols. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:4567-4577. [PMID: 35394793 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c03273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aerosols and microdroplets are known to act as carriers for pathogens or vessels for chemical reactions. The natural occurrence of evaporation of these droplets has implications for the viability of pathogens or chemical processes. For example, it is important to understand how pathogens survive extreme physiochemical conditions such as confinement and osmotic stress induced by evaporation of aerosol droplets. Previously, larger evaporating droplets were proposed as model systems as the processes in the tiny aerosol droplets are difficult to image. In this context, we propose the concept of evaporation of capillary-clustered aqueous microdroplets dispersed in a thin oil layer. The configuration produces spatially segregated evaporation rates. It allows comparing the consequences of evaporation and its rate for processes occurring in droplets. As a proof of concept, we study the consequences of evaporation and its rate using Escherichia coli (E. coli) and Bacillus subtilis as model organisms. Our experiments indicate that the rate of evaporation of microdroplets is an important parameter in deciding the viability of contained microorganisms. With slow evaporation, E. coli could mitigate the osmotic stress by K+ ion uptake. Our method may also be applicable to other evaporating droplet systems, for example, microdroplet chemistry to understand the implications of evaporation rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akanksha Agrawal
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Mangalam P.O. PIN 517507 Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Maheshwar Gopu
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Mangalam P.O. PIN 517507 Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Raju Mukherjee
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Mangalam P.O. PIN 517507 Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Dileep Mampallil
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Tirupati, Mangalam P.O. PIN 517507 Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India
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Chiera S, Koch VM, Bleyer G, Walter T, Bittner C, Bachmann J, Vogel N. From Sticky to Slippery: Self-Functionalizing Lubricants for In Situ Fabrication of Liquid-Infused Surfaces. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:16735-16745. [PMID: 35353481 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c02390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Liquid-infused surfaces offer a versatile approach to create self-cleaning coatings. In such coatings, a thin film of a fluid lubricant homogeneously coats the substrate and thus prevents direct contact with a second, contaminating liquid. For stable repellency, the interfacial energies need to be controlled to ensure that the lubricant is not replaced by the contaminating liquid. Here, we introduce the concept of self-functionalizing lubricants. Functional molecular species that chemically match the lubricant but possess selective anchor groups are dissolved in the lubricant and self-adhere to the surface, forming the required surface chemistry in situ from within the applied lubricant layer. To add flexibility to the self-functionalizing concept, the substrate is first primed with a thin polydopamine base layer, which can be deposited to nearly any substrate material from aqueous solutions and retains reactivity toward electron-donating groups such as amines. The temporal progression of the in situ functionalization is investigated by ellipsometry and quartz crystal microbalance and correlated to macroscopic changes in contact angle and contact angle hysteresis. The flexibility of the approach is underlined by creating repellent coatings with various substrate/lubricant combinations. The prepared liquid-infused surfaces significantly reduce cement adhesion and provide easy-to-clean systems under real-world conditions on shoe soles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Chiera
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Vanessa M Koch
- Chair 'Chemistry of Thin Film Materials' (CTFM), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), IZNF, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Gudrun Bleyer
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Teresa Walter
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Carina Bittner
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Chair 'Chemistry of Thin Film Materials' (CTFM), Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), IZNF, Cauerstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Vogel
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Cauerstraße 4, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Functional Particle Systems, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91058, Germany
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42
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Yuan S, Sun X, Yan S, Luan S, Song L, Yin J. Slippery 3-dimensional porous bioabsorbable membranes with anti-adhesion and bactericidal properties as substitute for vaseline gauze. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2022; 212:112341. [PMID: 35074640 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2022.112341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 01/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Vaseline gauze is a common type of wound dressing that consist of absorbent gauze impregnated with white petrolatum. It has excellent anti-adhesive property which can reduce trauma during dressing changes. However, this kind of wound dressing doesn't have bacterial killing property. Thus, a new kind of wound dressing that has anti-adhesive and bactericidal properties is needed urgently. Creating slippery liquid-impregnated porous surfaces (SLIPS) that insensitive to the structure of porous solid are generally viewed as a new anti-adhesion strategy. To expand the potential utility of SLIPS as substitute for vaseline gauze, dual-functional slippery membranes with anti-adhesion and bactericidal properties by using triclosan, vegetable oils and polylactic acid (PLA) were prepared. It's demonstrated that the triclosan-loaded/vegetable oils-infused PLA membranes (T/V-PM) has good cytocompatibility in vitro. Notably, the T/V-PM can gradually release biocide molecule into surrounding aqueous media. Moreover, the T/V-PM can kill planktonic bacterial cells without loss of their antifouling property. The in vivo study revealed that the T/V-PM can prevent the secondary injuries during wound dressing changes. This simple and low-cost strategy can be applied to inhibit blood and bacterial adhesion, and prevent tissue adhesion at the wound site. It's confirmed that the T/V-PM have great potential as substitute for vaseline gauze.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaishuai Yuan
- Key Lab of Biobased Polymer Materials of Shandong Provincial Education Department, College of Polymer Science and Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China; National Engineering Laboratory of Medical Implantable Devices & Key Laboratory for Medical Implantable Devices of Shandong Province, WEGO Holding Company Limited, Weihai 264210, PR China.
| | - Xiuxia Sun
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, PR China
| | - Shunjie Yan
- National Engineering Laboratory of Medical Implantable Devices & Key Laboratory for Medical Implantable Devices of Shandong Province, WEGO Holding Company Limited, Weihai 264210, PR China
| | - Shifang Luan
- National Engineering Laboratory of Medical Implantable Devices & Key Laboratory for Medical Implantable Devices of Shandong Province, WEGO Holding Company Limited, Weihai 264210, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
| | - Lingjie Song
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China.
| | - Jinghua Yin
- National Engineering Laboratory of Medical Implantable Devices & Key Laboratory for Medical Implantable Devices of Shandong Province, WEGO Holding Company Limited, Weihai 264210, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, PR China
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43
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Enhancing osseointegration and mitigating bacterial biofilms on medical-grade titanium with chitosan-conjugated liquid-infused coatings. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5380. [PMID: 35354896 PMCID: PMC8967836 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09378-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Titanium alloys, in particular, medical-grade Ti-6Al-4 V, are heavily used in orthopaedic applications due to their high moduli, strength, and biocompatibility. Implant infection can result in biofilm formation and failure of prosthesis. The formation of a biofilm on implants protects bacteria from antibiotics and the immune response, resulting in the propagation of the infection and ultimately resulting in device failure. Recently, slippery liquid-infused surfaces (LIS) have been investigated for their stable liquid interface, which provides excellent repellent properties to suppress biofilm formation. One of the current limitations of LIS coatings lies in the indistinctive repellency of bone cells in orthopaedic applications, resulting in poor tissue integration and bone ingrowth with the implant. Here, we report a chitosan impregnated LIS coating that facilitates cell adhesion while preventing biofilm formation. The fabricated coating displayed high contact angles (108.2 ± 5.2°) and low sliding angles (3.56 ± 4.3°). Elemental analysis obtained using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the availability of fluorine and nitrogen, indicating the presence of fluorosilane and chitosan in the final coating. Furthermore, our results suggest that chitosan-conjugated LIS increased cell adhesion of osteoblast-like SaOS-2 cells and significantly promoted proliferation (a fourfold increase at 7-day incubation) compared to conventional titanium liquid-infused surfaces. Furthermore, the chitosan conjugated LIS significantly reduced biofilm formation of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by up to 50% and 75% when compared to untreated titanium and chitosan-coated titanium, respectively. The engineered coating can be easily modified with other biopolymers or capture molecules to be applied to other biomaterials where tissue integration and biofilm prevention are needed.
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Monga D, Guo Z, Shan L, Taba SA, Sarma J, Dai X. Quasi-Liquid Surfaces for Sustainable High-Performance Steam Condensation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:13932-13941. [PMID: 35287435 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c00401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Sustainable high-performance steam condensation is critical to reducing the size, weight, and cost of water and energy systems. It is well-known that dropwise condensation can provide a significantly higher heat-transfer coefficient than filmwise condensation. Tremendous efforts have been spent to promote dropwise condensation by achieving a nonwetting state on superhydrophobic surfaces and a slippery state on liquid-infused surfaces, but these surfaces suffer from severe durability challenges. Here, we report sustainable high-performance dropwise condensation of steam on newly developed durable quasi-liquid surfaces, which are easily made by chemically bonding quasi-liquid polymer molecules on solid substrates. As a result, the solid/water interface is changed to a quasi-liquid/water interface with minimal adhesion and extraordinary durability. The quasi-liquid surface with ultralow contact angle hysteresis down to 1° showed a heat-transfer coefficient up to 70 and 380% higher than those on conventional hydrophobic and hydrophilic surfaces, respectively. Furthermore, we demonstrated that the quasi-liquid coating exhibited a sustainable heat-transfer coefficient of 71 kW/(m2 K) at a heat flux of 420 kW/m2 under a prolonged period of 39 h in continuous steam condensation. Such a quasi-liquid surface has the potential to sustain high-performance dropwise condensation of steam and address the long-standing durability challenge in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepak Monga
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Zongqi Guo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Li Shan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Seyed Adib Taba
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Jyotirmoy Sarma
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
| | - Xianming Dai
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, Texas 75080, United States
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45
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Damak M, de Ruiter J, Panat S, Varanasi KK. Dynamics of an impacting emulsion droplet. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022; 8:eabl7160. [PMID: 35302841 PMCID: PMC8932654 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abl7160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Emulsions are widely used in agriculture where oil-based pesticides are sprayed as an emulsion. However, emulsion droplets can bounce off hydrophobic plant surfaces, leading to major health and environmental issues as pesticides pollute water sources and soils. Here, we report an unexpected transition from bouncing to sticking to bouncing as the droplet impact speed increases. We show that the physics are governed by an in situ, self-generated lubrication of the surface leading to a suction force from the nascent oil layer around the droplet. We demonstrate that this phenomenon can be controlled by a careful balance of three time scales: the contact time of the droplet, the impregnation time scale of the oil, and the oil ridge formation time scale. We lastly build a design map to precisely control the bouncing of droplets and the oil coverage of the target surface. These insights have broad applicability in agriculture, cooling sprays, combustion, and additive manufacturing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maher Damak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Infinite Cooling Inc., 121 Madison st, Malden, MA 02148, USA
| | - Jolet de Ruiter
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
- Thermo Fisher Scientific, Achtseweg Noord 5, 5651 GG Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - Sreedath Panat
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
| | - Kripa K. Varanasi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA
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46
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Wang L, Ma S, Yan S, Dong S. Fabrication of anisotropic superhydrophobic surface based on the Nepenthes slippery zone. BIOINSPIRED BIOMIMETIC AND NANOBIOMATERIALS 2022. [DOI: 10.1680/jbibn.21.00042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Depending on its highly evolved structures that consist of microscale lunate cells and nanoscale wax coverings, the slippery zone of Nepenthes alata shows significant anisotropic superhydrophobicity, which has gradually become the biomimetic prototype for designing superhydrophobic surfaces. In this study, the authors constructed the structures of the slippery zone into equidistantly distributed greenhouses and array of cylinders, therefore obtaining a biomimetic model of an anisotropic superhydrophobic surface. The greenhouses were printed using ultraviolet-cured material, via 3D printing, and then flake graphite was selected as a substitute for the array of cylinders (wax coverings) and was absorbed onto the printed greenhouses by using high-voltage electrostatic absorption technology. The contact/sliding angle was measured to verify the anisotropic superhydrophobic effect of the fabricated sample. The contact angle increases significantly with an increase in the greenhouse density (l/L value) and achieves a value of 152.6 ± 0.6° when l/L is 0.8, and the sliding angle toward bottom and top shows values of 3.07 ± 0.26° and 5.69 ± 0.24°, respectively. These results indicate that the fabricated sample has anisotropic superhydrophobicity. Therefore, this study provides a simple and low-cost approach for the biomimetic fabrication of anisotropic superhydrophobic surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Wang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shaobo Ma
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Science and Technology, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shixing Yan
- National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing, Academy of Army Armored Forces, Beijing, China
| | - Shiyun Dong
- National Key Laboratory for Remanufacturing, Academy of Army Armored Forces, Beijing, China
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47
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Zheng H, Liu G, Nienhaus BB, Buddingh JV. Ice-Shedding Polymer Coatings with High Hardness but Low Ice Adhesion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:6071-6082. [PMID: 35061365 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c23483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Ice readily sheds from weak oil-swollen polymer gels but tends to adhere to mechanically robust coatings. This paper reports bilayer coatings that simultaneously possess high bulk hardness but low ice adhesion. These coatings are prepared by cocuring a triisocyanate, P#'-g-PDMS [a methacrylate polyol bearing poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) side chains with # being 1, 2, or 3 and g denoting graft], and optionally a methacrylate polyol P#. The self-assembly of the system during coating formation yields a PDMS brush layer on the surface of the cross-linked polyurethane matrix. After the surface PDMS layer is lubricated with a silicone oil, this coating exhibits an ice adhesion τ that is 10 000-fold lower than that of a triisocyanate/P# coating. Ice slides under its own weight on such a coating at a tilt angle of 3°. Yet, the coating matrix is harder than poly(ethylene terephthalate), a widely used plastic. Additionally, such a coating maintains its low τ values for more than 10 consecutive icing/deicing cycles. Subsequent increases in τ are reversed by allowing time for the replenishment of the depleted surface lubricant with that released from the coating matrix. This design opens the door for effective yet hard ice-shedding polymer coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haili Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Guojun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Brandon Becher Nienhaus
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
| | - Jasmine V Buddingh
- Department of Chemistry, Queen's University, 90 Bader Lane, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6
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48
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Butt HJ, Liu J, Koynov K, Straub B, Hinduja C, Roismann I, Berger R, Li X, Vollmer D, Steffen W, Kappl M. Contact angle hysteresis. Curr Opin Colloid Interface Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cocis.2022.101574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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49
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Peculiar encounter between self-propelled droplet and static droplet: swallow, rerouting, and recoil. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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50
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Kazaryan PS, Gallyamov MO, Kondratenko MS. Study of the Droplet Pinning Force in the Transition from Dry to Liquid-Infused Thin Polymer Films. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2022; 38:1114-1123. [PMID: 35015553 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c02767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The change in the pinning force during the transition from dry to oil-impregnated thin polymer films is studied for droplets of water and hexadecane. A careful variation of the oil amount in the films is performed by means of supercritical impregnation. The film thickness dependence on the oil content is measured using ellipsometry and compared to gel swelling theory estimates. Depending on the oil content, two cases of pinning force behavior have been identified. For each case, the factors that determine the pinning force are discussed. The pinning force in the transition from dry to equilibrium swollen gel films is well approximated by the Joanny and de Gennes hysteresis model of dilute defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina S Kazaryan
- Faculty of Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Marat O Gallyamov
- Faculty of Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
- A. N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilova 28, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Mikhail S Kondratenko
- Faculty of Physics, M. V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-2, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
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