1
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Gu X, He M, Lebedev T, Lin CH, Hua ZY, Zheng YG, Li ZJ, Yang JY, Li XG. PRMT1 is an important factor for medulloblastoma cell proliferation and survival. Biochem Biophys Rep 2022; 32:101364. [PMID: 36237442 PMCID: PMC9550604 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2022.101364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) has been implicated in a number of brain tumors, but the role of PRMT1 in medulloblastoma, the most common malignant pediatric brain tumor, remains unexplored. By examining the publicly available databases of pediatric brain tumor collection, we found that PRMT1 was predominantly expressed in medulloblastomas across all the pediatric brain tumors and that the high-level expression of PRMT1 correlated with poor survival of medulloblastoma patients. To determine the role of PRMT1 in medulloblastoma cells, we established an inducible knockdown system and demonstrated that PRMT1 depletion decreased medulloblastoma cell proliferation and induced cell apoptosis. Furthermore, the diamidine compounds, previously shown to exhibit selective PRMT1 inhibition, suppressed medulloblastoma cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, we observed induction of medulloblastoma cell apoptosis by the potent diamidine compounds at low micromolar concentrations. Together, our results suggest that PRMT1 could be an actionable therapeutic target in medulloblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Gu
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- PhD Program in Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Timofey Lebedev
- Department of Cancer Cell Biology, Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Cheng-Han Lin
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung City, 406040, Taiwan
| | - Zhong-Yan Hua
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Y. George Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Zhi-Jie Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jer-Yen Yang
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung City, 406040, Taiwan
| | - Xing-Guo Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Research Center for Cancer Biology, Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, China Medical University, Taichung City, 406040, Taiwan
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2
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Biswas A, Rajesh Y, Das S, Banerjee I, Kapoor N, Mitra P, Mandal M. Therapeutic targeting of RBPJ, an upstream regulator of ETV6 gene, abrogates ETV6-NTRK3 fusion gene transformations in glioblastoma. Cancer Lett 2022; 544:215811. [PMID: 35787922 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2022.215811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Fusion genes are abnormal genes resulting from chromosomal translocation, insertion, deletion, inversion, etc. ETV6, a rather promiscuous partner forms fusions with several other genes, most commonly, the NTRK3 gene. This fusion leads to the formation of a constitutively activated tyrosine kinase which activates the Ras-Raf-MEK and PI3K/AKT/MAPK pathways, leading the cells through cycles of uncontrolled division and ultimately resulting in cancer. Targeted therapies against this ETV6-NTRK3 fusion protein are much needed. Therefore, to find a targeted approach, a transcription factor RBPJ regulating the ETV6 gene was established and since the ETV6-NTRK3 fusion gene is downstream of the ETV6 promoter/enhancer, this fusion protein is also regulated. The regulation of the ETV6 gene via RBPJ was validated by ChIP analysis in human glioblastoma (GBM) cell lines and patient tissue samples. This study was further followed by the identification of an inhibitor, Furamidine, against transcription factor RBPJ. It was found to be binding with the DNA binding domain of RBPJ with antitumorigenic properties and minimal organ toxicity. Hence, a new target RBPJ, regulating the production of ETV6 and ETV6-NTRK3 fusion protein was found along with a potent RBPJ inhibitor Furamidine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angana Biswas
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Yetirajam Rajesh
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Subhayan Das
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Indranil Banerjee
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Neelkamal Kapoor
- Department of Pathology and Lab Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, 462020, India
| | - Pralay Mitra
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India
| | - Mahitosh Mandal
- School of Medical Science and Technology, Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur, Kharagpur, West Bengal, 721302, India.
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3
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Samsonowicz-Górski J, Brodzka A, Ostaszewski R, Koszelewski D. Screening for amidoxime reductases in plant roots and Saccharomyces cerevisiae - Development of biocatalytic method for chemoselective amidine synthesis. Bioorg Chem 2022; 124:105815. [PMID: 35512419 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.105815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The novel biocatalytic method for the synthesis of pharmaceutically relevant N-unsubstituted amidines was presented. The application of whole cells from commonly available vegetables allowed for the chemoselective reduction of the amidoxime moiety in the presence of other substituents prone to reduction or dehalogenation e.g. carbon-carbon double bond. Under optimized conditions several amidines were obtained with high yield up to 97% in aqueous medium at ambient temperature and atmospheric pressure. The practical potential of the newly developed method was shown in the preparative synthesis of anti-parasitic drug, phenamidine. Moreover, for the first time the enantioselective bioreduction of chiral racemic amidoximes to the corresponding amidines has been shown. The developed sustainable biocatalytic protocol fulfils the green chemistry rules and no application of metal catalysts meets the strict requirements of the pharmaceutical industry regarding metal contamination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Samsonowicz-Górski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anna Brodzka
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ryszard Ostaszewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Dominik Koszelewski
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland.
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4
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Talukdar A, Mukherjee A, Bhattacharya D. Fascinating Transformation of SAM-Competitive Protein Methyltransferase Inhibitors from Nucleoside Analogues to Non-Nucleoside Analogues. J Med Chem 2022; 65:1662-1684. [PMID: 35014841 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.1c01208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The abnormal expression of protein methyltransferase (PMT) has been linked with many diseases such as diabetes, neurological disorders, and cancer. S-Adenyl-l-methionine (SAM) is a universal methyl donor and gets converted to S-adenyl-l-homocysteine (SAH), an endogenous competitive inhibitor of SAM. Initially developed SAM/SAH mimetic nucleoside analogues were pan methyltransferase inhibitors. The gradual understanding achieved through ligand-receptor interaction paved the way for various rational approaches of drug design leading to potent and selective nucleoside inhibitors. The present perspective is based on the systematic evolution of selective SAM-competitive heterocyclic non-nucleoside inhibitors from nucleoside inhibitors. This fascinating transition has resolved several issues inherent to nucleoside analogues such as poor pharmacokinetics leading to poor in vivo efficacy. The perspective has brought together various concepts and strategies of drug design that contributed to this rational transition. We firmly believe that the strategies described herein will serve as a template for the future development of drugs in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arindam Talukdar
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, WB, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ayan Mukherjee
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, WB, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research, Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Debomita Bhattacharya
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, WB, India
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5
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Wesseling CMJ, Slingerland CJ, Veraar S, Lok S, Martin NI. Structure-Activity Studies with Bis-Amidines That Potentiate Gram-Positive Specific Antibiotics against Gram-Negative Pathogens. ACS Infect Dis 2021; 7:3314-3335. [PMID: 34766746 PMCID: PMC8669655 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.1c00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Pentamidine, an FDA-approved
antiparasitic drug, was recently identified
as an outer membrane disrupting synergist that potentiates erythromycin,
rifampicin, and novobiocin against Gram-negative bacteria. The same
study also described a preliminary structure–activity relationship
using commercially available pentamidine analogues. We here report
the design, synthesis, and evaluation of a broader panel of bis-amidines
inspired by pentamidine. The present study both validates the previously
observed synergistic activity reported for pentamidine, while further
assessing the capacity for structurally similar bis-amidines to also
potentiate Gram-positive specific antibiotics against Gram-negative
pathogens. Among the bis-amidines prepared, a number of them were
found to exhibit synergistic activity greater than pentamidine. These
synergists were shown to effectively potentiate the activity of Gram-positive
specific antibiotics against multiple Gram-negative pathogens such
as Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas
aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli, including polymyxin- and carbapenem-resistant strains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charlotte M. J. Wesseling
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cornelis J. Slingerland
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Shanice Veraar
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Samantha Lok
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Nathaniel I. Martin
- Biological Chemistry Group, Institute of Biology Leiden, Leiden University, 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands
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6
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Marsden AJ, Riley DRJ, Barry A, Khalil JS, Guinn BA, Kemp NT, Rivero F, Beltran-Alvarez P. Inhibition of Arginine Methylation Impairs Platelet Function. ACS Pharmacol Transl Sci 2021; 4:1567-1577. [PMID: 34661075 DOI: 10.1021/acsptsci.1c00135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) catalyze the transfer of methyl groups to arginine residues in proteins. PRMT inhibitors are novel, promising drugs against cancer that are currently in clinical trials, which include oral administration of the drugs. However, off-target activities of systemically available PRMT inhibitors have not yet been investigated. In this work, we study the relevance of arginine methylation in platelets and investigate the effect of PRMT inhibitors on platelet function and on the expression of relevant platelet receptors. We show that (1) key platelet proteins are modified by arginine methylation; (2) incubation of human platelets with PRMT inhibitors for 4 h results in impaired capacity of platelets to aggregate in response to thrombin and collagen, with IC50 values in the μM range; and (3) treatment with PRMT inhibitors leads to decreased membrane expression and reduced activation of the critical platelet integrin αIIbβ3. Our contribution opens new avenues for research on arginine methylation in platelets, including the repurposing of arginine methylation inhibitors as novel antiplatelet drugs. We also recommend that current and future clinical trials with PRMT inhibitors consider any adverse effects associated with platelet inhibition of these emerging anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - David R J Riley
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, Hull HU6 7RX, U.K
| | - Antonia Barry
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, U.K
| | - Jawad S Khalil
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, Hull HU6 7RX, U.K
| | - Barbara-Ann Guinn
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, U.K
| | - Neil T Kemp
- Department of Physics and Mathematics, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, U.K
| | - Francisco Rivero
- Centre for Atherothrombosis and Metabolic Disease, Hull York Medical School, Hull HU6 7RX, U.K
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7
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Qian K, Yan C, Su H, Dang T, Zhou B, Wang Z, Zhao X, Ivanov I, Ho MC, Zheng YG. Pharmacophore-based screening of diamidine small molecule inhibitors for protein arginine methyltransferases. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:95-102. [PMID: 34046601 PMCID: PMC8130551 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00259c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) are essential epigenetic and post-translational regulators in eukaryotic organisms. Dysregulation of PRMTs is intimately related to multiple types of human diseases, particularly cancer. Based on the previously reported PRMT1 inhibitors bearing the diamidine pharmacophore, we performed virtual screening to identify additional amidine-associated structural analogs. Subsequent enzymatic tests and characterization led to the discovery of a top lead K313 (2-(4-((4-carbamimidoylphenyl)amino)phenyl)-1H-indole-6-carboximidamide), which possessed low-micromolar potency with biochemical IC50 of 2.6 μM for human PRMT1. Limited selectivity was observed over some other PRMT isoforms such as CARM1 and PRMT7. Molecular modeling and inhibition pattern studies suggest that K313 is a nonclassic noncompetitive inhibitor to PRMT1. K313 significantly inhibited cell proliferation and reduced the arginine asymmetric dimethylation level in the leukaemia cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Qian
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia Athens Georgia 30602 USA +(706) 542 0277
| | - Chunli Yan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University Atlanta Georgia 30302 USA
| | - Hairui Su
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama 35294 USA
| | - Tran Dang
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia Athens Georgia 30602 USA +(706) 542 0277
| | - Bo Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia Athens Georgia 30602 USA +(706) 542 0277
| | - Zhenyu Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University Atlanta Georgia 30302 USA
| | - Xinyang Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham Birmingham Alabama 35294 USA
| | - Ivaylo Ivanov
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Georgia State University Atlanta Georgia 30302 USA
| | - Meng-Chiao Ho
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica Nankang Taipei Taiwan
| | - Y George Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia Athens Georgia 30602 USA +(706) 542 0277
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8
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Hua ZY, Hansen JN, He M, Dai SK, Choi Y, Fulton MD, Lloyd SM, Szemes M, Sen J, Ding HF, Angelastro JM, Fei X, Li HP, Wu CR, Yang SY, Malik K, Bao X, George Zheng Y, Liu CM, Schor NF, Li ZJ, Li XG. PRMT1 promotes neuroblastoma cell survival through ATF5. Oncogenesis 2020; 9:50. [PMID: 32415090 PMCID: PMC7229216 DOI: 10.1038/s41389-020-0237-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 05/04/2020] [Accepted: 05/05/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aberrant expression of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) has been implicated in a number of cancers, making PRMTs potential therapeutic targets. But it remains not well understood how PRMTs impact specific oncogenic pathways. We previously identified PRMTs as important regulators of cell growth in neuroblastoma, a deadly childhood tumor of the sympathetic nervous system. Here, we demonstrate a critical role for PRMT1 in neuroblastoma cell survival. PRMT1 depletion decreased the ability of murine neuroblastoma sphere cells to grow and form spheres, and suppressed proliferation and induced apoptosis of human neuroblastoma cells. Mechanistic studies reveal the prosurvival factor, activating transcription factor 5 (ATF5) as a downstream effector of PRMT1-mediated survival signaling. Furthermore, a diamidine class of PRMT1 inhibitors exhibited anti-neuroblastoma efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. Importantly, overexpression of ATF5 rescued cell apoptosis triggered by PRMT1 inhibition genetically or pharmacologically. Taken together, our findings shed new insights into PRMT1 signaling pathway, and provide evidence for PRMT1 as an actionable therapeutic target in neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Yan Hua
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jeanne N Hansen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Department of Biology, Colgate University, Hamilton, NY, USA
| | - Miao He
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, Translational Neuroscience Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shang-Kun Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yoonjung Choi
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
| | - Melody D Fulton
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Sarah M Lloyd
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Dermatology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Marianna Szemes
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Ji Sen
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Han-Fei Ding
- The Georgia Cancer Center, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - James M Angelastro
- Department of Molecular Biosciences, University of California, Davis School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, CA, USA
| | - Xiang Fei
- Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui-Ping Li
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shenzhen Renmin Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Chao-Ran Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Shenzhen Renmin Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Sheng-Yong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy/Collaborative Innovation Center for Biotherapy, West China Hospital, West China Medical School, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Karim Malik
- Cancer Epigenetics Laboratory, School of Cellular and Molecular Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Xiaomin Bao
- Departments of Molecular Biosciences and Dermatology, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA
| | - Y George Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | - Chang-Mei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Nina F Schor
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders & Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Zhi-Jie Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Research and Application of Animal Models for Environmental and Metabolic Diseases, Medical Research Center, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China
| | - Xing-Guo Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
- Wilmot Cancer Institute, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, Rochester, NY, USA.
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9
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Kim E, Jang J, Park JG, Kim KH, Yoon K, Yoo BC, Cho JY. Protein Arginine Methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) Selective Inhibitor, TC-E 5003, Has Anti-Inflammatory Properties in TLR4 Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21093058. [PMID: 32357521 PMCID: PMC7246892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21093058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/19/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is the most predominant PRMT and is type I, meaning it generates monomethylarginine and asymmetric dimethylarginine. PRMT1 has functions in oxidative stress, inflammation and cancers, and modulates diverse diseases; consequently, numerous trials to develop PRMT1 inhibitors have been attempted. One selective PRMT1 inhibitor is N,N′-(Sulfonyldi-4,1-phenylene)bis(2-chloroacetamide), also named TC-E 5003 (TC-E). In this study, we investigated whether TC-E regulated inflammatory responses. Nitric oxide (NO) production was evaluated by the Griess assay and the inflammatory gene expression was determined by conducting RT-PCR. Western blot analyzing was carried out for inflammatory signaling exploration. TC-E dramatically reduced lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced NO production and the expression of inflammatory genes (inducible NO synthase (iNOS), cyclooxygenase (COX)-2, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6) as determined using RT-PCR. TC-E downregulated the nuclear translocation of the nuclear factor (NF)-κB subunits p65 and p50 and the activator protein (AP)-1 transcriptional factor c-Jun. Additionally, TC-E directly regulated c-Jun gene expression following LPS treatment. In NF-κB signaling, the activation of IκBα and Src was attenuated by TC-E. Taken together, these data show that TC-E modulates the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced AP-1 and NF-κB signaling pathways and could possibly be further developed as an anti-inflammatory compound.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eunji Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (E.K.); (J.J.); (K.Y.)
| | - Jiwon Jang
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (E.K.); (J.J.); (K.Y.)
| | - Jae Gwang Park
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea;
| | - Kyung-Hee Kim
- Proteomic Analysis Team, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea;
| | - Keejung Yoon
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (E.K.); (J.J.); (K.Y.)
| | - Byong Chul Yoo
- Division of Translational Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang 10408, Korea;
- Correspondence: (B.C.Y.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-31-920-2342 (B.C.Y.); +82-31-290-7876 (J.Y.C.)
| | - Jae Youl Cho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Biomedical Institute for Convergence at SKKU (BICS), Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (E.K.); (J.J.); (K.Y.)
- Correspondence: (B.C.Y.); (J.Y.C.); Tel.: +82-31-920-2342 (B.C.Y.); +82-31-290-7876 (J.Y.C.)
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10
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Tewary SK, Zheng YG, Ho MC. Protein arginine methyltransferases: insights into the enzyme structure and mechanism at the atomic level. Cell Mol Life Sci 2019; 76:2917-2932. [PMID: 31123777 PMCID: PMC6741777 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-019-03145-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) catalyze the methyl transfer to the arginine residues of protein substrates and are classified into three major types based on the final form of the methylated arginine. Recent studies have shown a strong correlation between PRMT expression level and the prognosis of cancer patients. Currently, crystal structures of eight PRMT members have been determined. Kinetic and structural studies have shown that all PRMTs share similar, but unique catalytic and substrate recognition mechanism. In this review, we discuss the structural similarities and differences of different PRMT members, focusing on their overall structure, S-adenosyl-L-methionine-binding pocket, substrate arginine recognition and catalytic mechanisms. Since PRMTs are valuable targets for drug discovery, we also rationally classify the known PRMT inhibitors into five classes and discuss their mechanisms of action at the atomic level.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Y George Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, 30602, USA
| | - Meng-Chiao Ho
- Institute of Biological Chemistry, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
- Institute of Biochemical Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 106, Taiwan.
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11
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Fulton MD, Brown T, Zheng YG. Mechanisms and Inhibitors of Histone Arginine Methylation. CHEM REC 2018; 18:1792-1807. [PMID: 30230223 PMCID: PMC6348102 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.201800082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Histone methylation plays an important regulatory role in chromatin restructuring and RNA transcription. Arginine methylation that is enzymatically catalyzed by the family of protein arginine methyltransferases (PRMTs) can either activate or repress gene expression depending on cellular contexts. Given the strong correlation of PRMTs with pathophysiology, great interest is seen in understanding molecular mechanisms of PRMTs in diseases and in developing potent PRMT inhibitors. Herein, we reviewed key research advances in the study of biochemical mechanisms of PRMT catalysis and their relevance to cell biology. We highlighted how a random binary, ordered ternary kinetic model for PRMT1 catalysis reconciles the literature reports and endorses a distributive mechanism that the enzyme active site utilizes for multiple turnovers of arginine methylation. We discussed the impacts of histone arginine methylation and its biochemical interplays with other key epigenetic marks. Challenges in developing small-molecule PRMT inhibitors were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melody D Fulton
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Tyler Brown
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
| | - Y George Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences College of Pharmacy, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602
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The Methylation Status of the Epigenome: Its Emerging Role in the Regulation of Tumor Angiogenesis and Tumor Growth, and Potential for Drug Targeting. Cancers (Basel) 2018; 10:cancers10080268. [PMID: 30103412 PMCID: PMC6115976 DOI: 10.3390/cancers10080268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 07/27/2018] [Accepted: 08/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Approximately 50 years ago, Judah Folkman raised the concept of inhibiting tumor angiogenesis for treating solid tumors. The development of anti-angiogenic drugs would decrease or even arrest tumor growth by restricting the delivery of oxygen and nutrient supplies, while at the same time display minimal toxic side effects to healthy tissues. Bevacizumab (Avastin)—a humanized monoclonal anti VEGF-A antibody—is now used as anti-angiogenic drug in several forms of cancers, yet with variable results. Recent years brought significant progresses in our understanding of the role of chromatin remodeling and epigenetic mechanisms in the regulation of angiogenesis and tumorigenesis. Many inhibitors of DNA methylation as well as of histone methylation, have been successfully tested in preclinical studies and some are currently undergoing evaluation in phase I, II or III clinical trials, either as cytostatic molecules—reducing the proliferation of cancerous cells—or as tumor angiogenesis inhibitors. In this review, we will focus on the methylation status of the vascular epigenome, based on the genomic DNA methylation patterns with DNA methylation being mainly transcriptionally repressive, and lysine/arginine histone post-translational modifications which either promote or repress the chromatin transcriptional state. Finally, we discuss the potential use of “epidrugs” in efficient control of tumor growth and tumor angiogenesis.
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Lu W, Zhang R, Jiang H, Zhang H, Luo C. Computer-Aided Drug Design in Epigenetics. Front Chem 2018; 6:57. [PMID: 29594101 PMCID: PMC5857607 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2018.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Epigenetic dysfunction has been widely implicated in several diseases especially cancers thus highlights the therapeutic potential for chemical interventions in this field. With rapid development of computational methodologies and high-performance computational resources, computer-aided drug design has emerged as a promising strategy to speed up epigenetic drug discovery. Herein, we make a brief overview of major computational methods reported in the literature including druggability prediction, virtual screening, homology modeling, scaffold hopping, pharmacophore modeling, molecular dynamics simulations, quantum chemistry calculation, and 3D quantitative structure activity relationship that have been successfully applied in the design and discovery of epi-drugs and epi-probes. Finally, we discuss about major limitations of current virtual drug design strategies in epigenetics drug discovery and future directions in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Lu
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Rukang Zhang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hao Jiang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Zhang
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- School of Life Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Cheng Luo
- Drug Discovery and Design Center, CAS Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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Abstract
Neuroblastoma is a cancer of the neural crest almost exclusively seen in childhood. While children with single, small primary tumors are often cured with surgery alone, the 65% of children with neuroblastoma whose disease has metastasized have less than a 50% chance of surviving five years after diagnosis. Innovative pharmacological strategies are critically needed for these children. Efforts to identify novel targets that afford ablation of neuroblastoma with minimal toxicity to normal tissues are underway. Developing approaches to neuroblastoma include those that target the catecholamine transporter, ubiquitin E3 ligase, the ganglioside GD2, the retinoic acid receptor, the protein kinases ALK and Aurora, and protein arginine N-methyltransferases. Here, as examples of the use of chemistry to combat neuroblastoma, we describe targeting of the protein arginine N-methyltransferases and their role in prolonging the half-life of the neuroblastoma oncoprotein N-Myc, redox signaling in neuroblastoma, and developmentally regulated proteins expressed in primitive neuroblastoma cells but not in mature neural crest elements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeanne N Hansen
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Xingguo Li
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Y George Zheng
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Biochemical Sciences, University of Georgia , Athens, Georgia 30602, United States
| | - Louis T Lotta
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Abhishek Dedhe
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester, New York 14642, United States
| | - Nina F Schor
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry , Rochester, New York 14642, United States
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