Dithiocarbamate-based novel anti-histaminic agents: synthesis, characterization, crystal structure and thermal study

A new N-(4-fluorobenzyl) N-(pyridin-2-ylmethyl) dithiocarbamate ligand (fbpm) having structural similarity to clinically approved antihistaminic drugs (viz. pheniramine, chlorpheniramine, and brompheniramine) and its four metal complexes [Co(fbpm)3] (1), [Ni(fbpm)2] (2), [Cu(fbpm)2] (3), and [Zn(fbpm)2] (4) were successfully synthesized and characterized by various techniques i.e. elemental analysis, FT-IR spectroscopy, HR-MS, NMR spectroscopy, and absorption and emission spectroscopy. Furthermore, complexes 1 and 2 were characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Complex 1 adopts distorted octahedral geometry around the Co(III) center while complex 2 adopts distorted square planar geometry around the Zn(II) center. X-ray data also showed various weak intermolecular C-H⋯F and C-H⋯N hydrogen bonding interactions leading to supramolecular architectures in complexes 1 and 2. The thermal decomposition study of complexes 1-4 analyzed by TGA shows that they are thermally stable up to 150 °C and also gives strong evidence for the formation of respective metal sulfides at higher temperatures. The antihistaminic activity of the ligand (fbpm) and its complexes 1-4 was examined against clonidine and haloperidol-induced catalepsy in Swiss albino mice of either gender in an in vivo animal model. The result shows that these synthesized compounds have antihistaminic potential to inhibit clonidine-induced catalepsy and may be targeted for different allergic conditions. Complex 3 showed maximum reduction in clonidine-induced catalepsy after 180 minutes of treatment when compared with the induced control.

Antiproliferative activity of Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), and Zn(II) complexes of dithiocarbamate: synthesis, structural characterization, and thermal studies

Five new metal complexes of Fe(II) (1), Co(II) (2), Ni(II) (3), Cu(II) (4), and Zn(II) (5), derived from an N-cyclohexyl N-(3,4-dimethoxybenzyl) dithiocarbamate ligand, have been successfully synthesized and fully characterized by different analytical techniques i.e. elemental analyses, FT-IR, UV-Vis, 1H & 13C NMR, and HRMS. Furthermore, complexes 4 and 5 have been characterized by the SC-XRD technique. Complex 4 adopts a distorted square planar geometry around the Cu(II) center while complex 5 adopts a distorted tetrahedral geometry around the Zn(II) center. In addition, an eight-membered symmetric chair-like metallacycle ring containing two Zn(II) centers has also been found in complex 5. XRD data also show that complexes 4 and 5 are stabilized by various weak intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions. The course of the thermal degradation of metal complexes 1-5 has been examined by TG-DTA data which revealed that metal sulphide formed as the final residue. Complexes 1-5 demonstrated concentration-dependent cytotoxicity and growth inhibition of DL tumor cells. Among the compounds, complexes 1, 4, and 5 showed significant cytotoxicity and induced a loss in the viability of DL cells. Therapy with complexes 1, 4, and 5 protects DL tumor-bearing animals from exacerbation of the disease, increases lifespan, and significantly improves the histopathological parameters of the vascularized organ, including preventing metastasis. Overall cytotoxicity assay results indicate that all complexes have remarkable cytotoxic potential in comparison with the free ligand.

Crystal structure of bis[μ2-(N-(2-hydroxyethyl)-N-methylcarbamodithioato-κS:κS,κS′)]-bis(triethylphosphine-P)-di-silver(I), C20H46Ag2N2O2P2S4

C20H46Ag2N2O2P2S4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.3895(1) Å, b = 13.1597(2) Å, c = 13.1803(2) Å, α = 88.119(1)°, β = 86.601(1)°, γ = 70.173(1)°, V = 1529.22(4) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0162, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0406, T = 100(2) K.

Crystal structure of bis[μ2-(N,N-diethylcarbamodithioato-κS:κS,κS′)]-bis(triethylphosphine-P)-di-silver(I), C22H50Ag2N2P2S4

C22H50Ag2N2P2S4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.0672(2) Å, b = 11.2091(3) Å, c = 16.6853(4) Å, α = 91.097(2)°, β = 90.363(2)°, γ = 110.989(2)°, V = 1582.85(7) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0241, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0653, T = 100(2) K.

Crystal structure of bis[μ2-(pyrrolidine-1-carbodithioato-κS:κS,κS′)]-bis(triethylphosphine-κP)disilver(I), C22H46Ag2N2P2S4

C22H46Ag2N2P2S4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 10.2008(3) Å, b = 12.2058(3) Å, c = 13.2466(4) Å, α = 88.155(2)°, β = 87.256(2)°, γ = 69.324(2)°, V = 1541.12(8) Å3, Z = 2, R gt(F) = 0.0237, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0621, T = 100(2) K.

The remarkable propensity for the formation of C–H⋯π(chelate ring) interactions in the crystals of the first-row transition metal dithiocarbamates and the supramolecular architectures they sustain

C–H⋯π(chelate ring) interactions play an important role in assembling first-row transition metal dithiocarbamates in their crystals.

Crystal structure of 4-ethylpiperazine-1-carbothioic dithioperoxyanhydride, C14H26N4S4

C14H26N4S4, monoclinic, C2/c (no. 15), a = 16.9951(10) Å, b = 11.4397(7) Å, c = 9.7678(6) Å, β = 103.913(1)°, V = 1843.33(19) Å3, Z = 4, R gt(F) = 0.0200, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0553, T = 100(2) K.

The crystal structure of bis[μ2-(N,N-diethylcarbamodithioato-κS:κS,κS′)] bis[1′-(diphenylphosphino-κP)-1-cyanoferrocene]disilver(I), C56H56Ag2Fe2N4P2S4

C56H56Ag2Fe2N4P2S4, triclinic, P1̄ (no. 2), a = 9.5058(2) Å, b = 10.8362(2) Å, c = 14.3325(3) Å, α = 72.400(1)°, β = 75.241(1)°, γ = 77.132(1)°, V = 1343.71(5) Å3, Z = 1, R gt(F) = 0.0191, wR ref(F 2) = 0.0443, T = 150(2) K.

In vitro anti-bacterial and time kill evaluation of binuclear tricyclohexylphosphanesilver(I) dithiocarbamates, {Cy3PAg(S2CNRR')}2

Four binuclear phosphanesilver(I) dithiocarbamates, {cyclohexyl₃PAg(S₂CNRR')}₂ for R = R' = Et (1), CH₂CH₂ (2), CH₂CH₂OH (3) and R = Me, R' = CH₂CH₂OH (4) have been synthesised and characterised by spectroscopy and crystallography, and feature tri-connective, μ₂-bridging dithiocarbamate ligands and distorted tetrahedral geometries based on PS₃ donor sets. The compounds were evaluated for anti-bacterial activity against a total of 12 clinically important pathogens. Based on minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and cell viability tests (human embryonic kidney cells, HEK 293), 1-4 are specifically active against Gram-positive bacteria while demonstrating low toxicity; 3 and 4 are active against methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA). Across the series, 4 was most effective and was more active than the standard anti-biotic chloramphenicol. Time kill assays reveal 1-4 to exhibit both time- and concentration-dependent pharmacokinetics against susceptible bacteria. Compound 4 demonstrates rapid (within 2 h) bactericidal activity at 1 and 2 × MIC to reach a maximum decrease of 5.2 log₁₀ CFU/mL against S. aureus (MRSA).

Multifunctional fluorescent leucomalachite green derivatives for chemodosimetric detection of Fe3+, specific imaging of lipid droplets and intracellular pH monitoring

Fluorescent leucomalachite green derivatives detect micromolar concentrations of Fe³⁺, specifically stain lipid droplets in live cells and monitor intracellular pH variations in microorganisms.

Crystal structure of tetra-iso-butyl-thiuram di-sulfide

Tetra-kis(2-methyl-prop-yl)thio-per-oxy-dicarbonic di-amide, or tetra-iso-butyl-thiuram di-sulfide, C18H36N2S4, crystallizes in a general position in the triclinic space group P-1 but shows pseudo-C2 symmetry about the di-sulfide bond. The C-S-S-C torsion angle [-85.81 (2)°] and the dihedral angle between the two NCS2 mean planes [85.91 (5)°] are within the range observed for this compound type. Multiple intra- and inter-molecular S⋯H-C close contacts appear to play a role in assisting the specific conformation of the pendant isobutyl groups and the packing arrangement of mol-ecules within the cell. Tetra-iso-butyl-thiuram di-sulfide mol-ecules of one optical configuration form sheets in the plane of the a and b axes. Inversion centers exist between adjoining sheets, which stack along the c axis and alternate in the handedness of their constituent mol-ecules.

(Benzylthiolato-κS)phenylmercury(II)

The title complex, [Hg(C6H5)(C7H7S)], was synthesized from benzyl 4-methylpiperidine-1-carbodithioate. In the complex, the HgIIcation binds to a C atom of a phenyl ring and the S atom of a benzylthiolate ligand in a linear coordination geometry. The molecule is bent at the methylene C atom and the S atom, resulting in asynconformation with respect to the benzyl and phenyl rings. The dihedral angle between the phenyl and benzyl rings is 64.6 (2)°. The crystal structure is stabilized by intermolecular Hg...S [3.290 (3) Å] contacts and C—H...π interactions, generating a three-dimensional network.

Square planar Ni(ii) complexes of acetoneN4-phenyl-thiosemicarbazone andin situgenerated benzoyl thiosemicarbazide ligands: synthesis, spectral and structural characterizations, thermal behaviour and electrochemical studies

Two novel complexes [Ni(Hapt)₂] (1) and [Ni(btsc)] (2) have been synthesized from Hapt and Hbtsc by the reaction of Ni(ii) salt.