1
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Dong X, Miao LH, Liu YQ, Cui LJ, Feng W, Cui ZH. MB 16 - (M=Sc, Y, La): Perfect Bowl-Like Boron Clusters. Chemphyschem 2024; 25:e202300816. [PMID: 38563655 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202300816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 04/02/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
The introduction of transition-metal doping has engendered a remarkable array of unprecedented boron motifs characterized by distinctive geometries and bonding, particularly those heretofore unobserved in pure boron clusters. In this study, we present a perfect (no defects) boron framework manifesting an inherently high-symmetry, bowl-like architecture, denoted as MB16 - (M=Sc, Y, La). In MB16 -, the B16 is coordinated to M atoms along the C5v-symmetry axis. The bowl-shaped MB16 - structure is predicted to be the lowest-energy structure with superior stability, owing to its concentric (2 π+10 π) dual π aromaticity. Notably, the C5v-symmetry bowl-like B16 - is profoundly stabilized through the doping of an M atom, facilitated by strong d-pπ interactions between M and boron motifs, in conjunction with additional electrostatic stabilization by an electron transfer from M to the boron motifs. This concerted interplay of covalent and electrostatic interactions between M and bowl-like B16 renders MB16 - a species of exceptional thermodynamic stability, thus making it a viable candidate for gas-phase experimental detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Dong
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, China
| | - Lin-Hong Miao
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, China
| | - Yu-Qian Liu
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, China
| | - Li-Juan Cui
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, China
| | - Wei Feng
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, China
| | - Zhong-Hua Cui
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin University, Changchun, 130023, China
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2
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Feng LY, Guo JC, Wang YJ, Zhang XY, Zhai HJ. Boron-based Pd 3B 26 alloy cluster as a nanoscale antifriction bearing system: tubular core-shell structure, double π/σ aromaticity, and dynamic structural fluxionality. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:26443-26454. [PMID: 37740349 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03159d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Boron-based nanoclusters show unique geometric structures, nonclassical chemical bonding, and dynamic structural fluxionality. We report here on the theoretical prediction of a binary Pd3B26 cluster, which is composed of a triangular Pd3 core and a tubular double-ring B26 unit in a coaxial fashion, as identified through global structural searches and electronic structure calculations. Molecular dynamics simulations indicate that in the core-shell alloy cluster, the B26 double-ring unit can rotate freely around its Pd3 core at room temperature and beyond. The intramolecular rotation is virtually barrier free, thus giving rise to an antifriction bearing system (or ball bearing) at the nanoscale. The dimension of the dynamic system is only 0.66 nm. Chemical bonding analysis reveals that Pd3B26 cluster possesses double 14π/14σ aromaticity, following the (4n + 2) Hückel rule. Among 54 pairs of valence electrons in the cluster, the overwhelming majority are spatially isolated from each other and situated on either the B26 tube or the Pd3 core. Only one pair of electrons are primarily responsible for chemical bonding between the tube and the core, which greatly weaken the bonding within the Pd3 core and offers structural flexibility. This is a key mechanism that effectively diminishes the intramolecular rotation barrier and facilitates dynamic structural fluxionality of the system. The current work enriches the field of nanorotors and nanomachines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yan Feng
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
- Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Teachers University, Xinzhou 034000, China
| | - Jin-Chang Guo
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Ying-Jin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Teachers University, Xinzhou 034000, China
| | - Xiao-Ying Zhang
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
| | - Hua-Jin Zhai
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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3
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Milon, Roy D, Ahmed F. A DFT study to investigate the physical, electrical, optical properties and thermodynamic functions of boron nanoclusters (M xB 2n0; x=1,2, n=3,4,5). Heliyon 2023; 9:e17886. [PMID: 37539100 PMCID: PMC10395302 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e17886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
First Principle DFT calculations employing the B3LYP/LanL2DZ/SDD level of theory were used to analyze the various characteristics of boron nanoclusters (B6, B8, and B10). These pure structures were further doped with four transition metals (Ta, Ti, Tc, and V) to examine the enhancement of the pure structures' structural, electrical, and optical features. To study structural stability, we have estimated cohesion energy and imaginary frequencies. Cohesion energies were entirely negative, with a range of -3.37 eV to -8.07 eV, and most constructions had no imaginary frequencies, indicating their structural occurrences. The calculated adsorption energy suggests that the order of stability of the pristine boron nanoclusters is B10>B8>B6, and TcB10 and Tc2B10 are the more stable structures. Mulliken charge, DOS, HOMO-LUMO, and the HOMO-LUMO gap have all been examined in-depth to provide insight into electrical characteristics. UV-Vis and CD measurements show the doped boron nanoclusters have excellent optical properties. Aside from calculating thermodynamic functions, we have also calculated the global DFT parameters, which give us a deep quantum mechanical understanding of the optimized structure for further research and applications in the field of science and technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milon
- Department of Physics, Comilla University, Cumilla 3506, Bangladesh
| | - Debashis Roy
- Department of Physics, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, 7408, Bangladesh
| | - Farid Ahmed
- Department of Physics, Jhangirnagar University, Savar, Dhaka 1342, Bangladesh
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4
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Popov A. Electronic structure of small metastable GAS-Phase boron clusters formed in a helium buffer GAS. Chem Phys 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2023.111896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
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5
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Chen B, He K, Dai W, Gutsev GL, Lu C. Geometric and electronic diversity of metal doped boron clusters. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2023; 35:183002. [PMID: 36827740 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/acbf18] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Being intermediate between small compounds and bulk materials, nanoparticles possess unique properties different from those of atoms, molecules, and bulk matter. In the past two decades, a combination of cluster structure prediction algorithms and experimental spectroscopy techniques was successfully used for exploration of the ground-state structures of pure and metal-doped boron clusters. The fruitfulness of this dual approach is well illustrated by the discovery of intriguing microstructures and unique physicochemical properties such as aromaticity and bond fluxionality for both boron and metal-doped boron clusters. Our review starts with an overview of geometrical configurations of pure boron clusters Bn, which are presented by planar, nanotube, bilayer, fullerene-like and core-shell structures, in a wide range ofnvalues. We consider next recent advances in studies of boron clusters doped with metal atoms paying close and thoughtful attention to modifications of geometric and electronic structures of pure boron clusters by heteroatoms. Finally, we discuss the possibility of constructing boron-based nanomaterials with specific functions from metal-boron clusters. Despite a variety of fruitful results obtained in numerous studies of boron clusters, the exploration of boron-based chemistry has not yet reached its peak. The intensive research continues in this area, and it should be expected that it brings exciting discoveries of intriguing new structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bole Chen
- School of Science, Chongqing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Chongqing 400065, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaihua He
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Dai
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Jingchu University of Technology, Hubei 448000, People's Republic of China
| | - Gennady L Gutsev
- Department of Physics, Florida A&M University, Tallahassee, FL 32307, United States of America
| | - Cheng Lu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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6
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Solar-Encinas J, Vásquez-Espinal A, Leyva-Parra L, Yañez O, Inostroza D, Valenzuela ML, Orellana W, Tiznado W. Planar Elongated B 12 Structure in M 3B 12 Clusters (M = Cu-Au). Molecules 2022; 28:molecules28010236. [PMID: 36615438 PMCID: PMC9822480 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28010236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Here, it is shown that the M3B12 (M = Cu-Au) clusters' global minima consist of an elongated planar B12 fragment connected by an in-plane linear M3 fragment. This result is striking since this B12 planar structure is not favored in the bare cluster, nor when one or two metals are added. The minimum energy structures were revealed by screening the potential energy surface using genetic algorithms and density functional theory calculations. Chemical bonding analysis shows that the strong electrostatic interactions with the metal compensate for the high energy spent in the M3 and B12 fragment distortion. Furthermore, metals participate in the delocalized π-bonds, which infers an aromatic character to these species.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Solar-Encinas
- Programa de Doctorado en Fisicoquímica Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Av. República 275, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Alejandro Vásquez-Espinal
- Química y Farmacia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Casilla 121, Iquique 1100000, Chile
- Correspondence: (A.V.-E.); (W.T.)
| | - Luis Leyva-Parra
- Programa de Doctorado en Fisicoquímica Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Av. República 275, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Osvaldo Yañez
- Facultad de Ingeniería y Negocios, Universidad de las Américas, Santiago 7500000, Chile
| | - Diego Inostroza
- Programa de Doctorado en Fisicoquímica Molecular, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Av. República 275, Santiago 8370146, Chile
| | - Maria Luisa Valenzuela
- Grupo de Investigación en Energía y Procesos Sustentables, Instituto de Ciencias Químicas Aplicadas, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Av. El Llano Subercaseaux 2801, Santiago 8900000, Chile
| | - Walter Orellana
- Departamento de Ciencias Físicas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Santiago 8370136, Chile
| | - William Tiznado
- Computational and Theoretical Chemistry Group, Departamento de Ciencias Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Andrés Bello, Av. República 275, Santiago 8370146, Chile
- Correspondence: (A.V.-E.); (W.T.)
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7
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Zhang W, Zhao Y, An X, Fu J, Zhang J, Zhao D, Liu S, Rong C. Cooperativity and reactivity properties of medium-sized boron clusters: a combined density functional theory and information-theoretic approach study. Mol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2022.2157774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbiao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yilin Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Hamilton, Canada
| | - Xiaoyan An
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Fu
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongbo Zhao
- Institute of Biomedical Research, Yunnan University, Kunming, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shubin Liu
- Research Computing Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Chunying Rong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, People’s Republic of China
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8
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Lu QL, Liu XD, Luo QQ, Wang CR. Quasi-planar Co atom-doped boron cluster: CoB 192. J Mol Model 2022; 29:7. [PMID: 36495336 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-022-05404-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE AND METHODS A global search for the lowest energy structure of CoB192- clusters was conducted. RESULTS: Its ground state is a quasi-planar structure with the Co atom surrounded by a B8 ring. The central Co atom has an oxidation state of +1 with d8 electron configuration. The wave function analysis showed that the Co-B interaction is not a covalent bond. The bonding strength of peripheral B-B bonds is stronger than that of inner ones. The inner B8 ring bonds with outer boron atoms via σ- and π-type bonds. CONCLUSION CoB192- shows remarkable aromatic character.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liang Lu
- School of Physics and Material Science, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiao Dong Liu
- School of Physics and Material Science, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Quan Luo
- Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, China.,Department of Chemical Physics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, Anhui, People's Republic of China
| | - Chen Ri Wang
- School of Physics and Material Science, Anhui University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, People's Republic of China
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9
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Xiang Z, Luo Z, Bi J, Jin S, Zhang Z, Lu C. Structural evolution and relative stability of vanadium-doped boron clusters. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2022; 34:445302. [PMID: 35985306 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ac8b4f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cluster is the intermediate of individual atom and larger agglomeration. The structural evolutions of clusters are critically important to explore the physical properties of bulk solids. Here, we carry out systematic structure predictions of medium-sized vanadium-doped boron clusters by using crystal structure analysis by particle swarm optimization method combined with density function theory calculations. A great deal of low-lying isomers with attractive geometries are discovered, such as the crown-like VB18-cluster and the drum-like VB20-cluster. Interestingly, the VB12-cluster possesses excellently relative stability due to its higher second-order difference and larger highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy gap. The molecular orbitals (MOs) and adaptive natural density partitioning (AdNDP) analysis indicate that the 3dorbitals of V atom and the 2pand 2sorbitals of B atoms are the primary constituents of the MOs, and the interactions between V and B atoms are the main factor for the robust stabilization of the anionic VB12-cluster. The present findings advance the understanding of the structural evolution of transition metal doped boron clusters and offer crucial insights for future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyang Xiang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongjie Luo
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Bi
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Siyu Jin
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqiang Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng Lu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, People's Republic of China
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10
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Solar-Encinas J, Leyva-Parra L, Yáñez O, Inostroza D, Barrios-Llacuachaqui JR, Vásquez-Espinal A, Orellana W, Tiznado W. Bowl-shaped CuB12- Cluster. A viable Global Minimum with Twofold Aromaticity. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200366. [PMID: 35785508 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
A low-lying structure is revealed for the CuB 12 - cluster, which is bowl-shaped. It consists of a triangular CuB 2 base and a B 10 rim. Molecular dynamics simulations evidence its structural robustness; at an elevated temperature (600 K), the base rotates reversibly within the B 10 perimeter. Chemical bonding analysis detects 2σ- and 3π-delocalized bonds, suggesting double aromaticity, which is confirmed by two diatropic and concentric ring currents under an external magnetic field.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Osvaldo Yáñez
- Universidad de Las Americas, Ingeniería y Negocios, CHILE
| | | | | | | | | | - William Tiznado
- Universidad Andres Bello, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas, Avenida República 275, 8320000, Santiago, CHILE
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11
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Moreira EMI, Brito BGA, Hai GQ, Cândido L. Electron correlation effects in boron clusters BQn (for Q = -1, 0, 1 and n ≤ 13) based on quantum Monte Carlo simulations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:3119-3128. [PMID: 35040859 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp04737j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present all-electron quantum Monte Carlo simulations on the anionic, neutral, and cationic boron clusters BQn with up to 13 atoms (Q = -1, 0, +1 and n ≤ 13). Accurate total energies of these clusters are obtained and an excellent agreement is reached with available experimental results for adiabatic and vertical detachment energies. We also perform very accurate Hartree-Fock calculations in the complete-basis-set limit where electron correlation is absent. In combination with the FN-DMC and HF-CBS results, we quantify the correlation effects and present the first attempt for a systematic investigation on the electron correlation effects in boron clusters. The obtained results show that, in general, electron correlation may contribute significantly to both the atomic and electronic structures of the boron clusters, manifested in the quantities such as the average binding energies of the clusters, atomic dissociation energies, detachment energies, and ionization potentials. For instance, the calculations indicate that the electron correlation maintains the bound state of cationic cluster B2+ and it also contributes 99% of the detachment energy of the anionic cluster B5-.
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Affiliation(s)
- E M Isaac Moreira
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
| | - B G A Brito
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais e Educação (ICENE), Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, 38064-200, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - G-Q Hai
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - L Cândido
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.
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12
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Chen TT, Cheung LF, Wang LS. Probing the Nature of the Transition-Metal-Boron Bonds and Novel Aromaticity in Small Metal-Doped Boron Clusters Using Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2022; 73:233-253. [PMID: 35044792 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-082820-113041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Photoelectron spectroscopy combined with quantum chemistry has been a powerful approach to elucidate the structures and bonding of size-selected boron clusters (Bn-), revealing a prevalent planar world that laid the foundation for borophenes. Investigations of metal-doped boron clusters not only lead to novel structures but also provide important information about the metal-boron bonds that are critical to understanding the properties of boride materials. The current review focuses on recent advances in transition-metal-doped boron clusters, including the discoveries of metal-boron multiple bonds and metal-doped novel aromatic boron clusters. The study of the RhB- and RhB2O- clusters led to the discovery of the first quadruple bond between boron and a transition-metal atom, whereas a metal-boron triple bond was found in ReB2O- and IrB2O-. The ReB4- cluster was shown to be the first metallaborocycle with Möbius aromaticity, and the planar ReB6- cluster was found to exhibit aromaticity analogous to metallabenzenes. Expected final online publication date for the Annual Review of Physical Chemistry, Volume 73 is April 2022. Please see http://www.annualreviews.org/page/journal/pubdates for revised estimates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teng-Teng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA; .,Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California, USA
| | - Ling Fung Cheung
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA; .,Hitachi Ltd., Research and Development Group, Center for Technology Innovation-Decarbonized Energy, Hitachi-shi, Ibaraki-ken, Japan
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA;
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13
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Barroso J, Pan S, Merino G. Structural transformations in boron clusters induced by metal doping. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:1098-1123. [PMID: 35029622 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs00747e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
In the last decades, experimental techniques in conjunction with theoretical analyses have revealed the surprising structural diversity of boron clusters. Although the 2D to 3D transition thresholds are well-established, there is no certainty about the factors that determine the geometry adopted by these systems. The structural transformation induced by doping usually yields a minimum energy structure with a boron skeleton entirely different from that of the bare cluster. This review summarizes those clusters no larger than 40 boron atoms where one or two dopants show a radical transformation of the structure. Although the structures of these systems are not easy to predict, they often adopt familiar shapes such as umbrella-like, wheel, tubular, and cages in various cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Barroso
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Mérida, km 6 Antigua carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex 97310, Mérida, Yuc., Mexico.
| | - Sudip Pan
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Mérida, km 6 Antigua carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex 97310, Mérida, Yuc., Mexico.
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento de Física Aplicada, Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados, Unidad Mérida, km 6 Antigua carretera a Progreso, Apdo. Postal 73, Cordemex 97310, Mérida, Yuc., Mexico.
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14
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Anis I, Saleem Dar M, Rather GM, Dar MA. Exploring the structure and electronic properties of germanium doped boron clusters using density functional theory based global optimization method. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00227b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Density functional theory calculations to investigate the effect of single and double germanium atom doping on the geometric structure and electronic properties of boron clusters with 10 to 20 atoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Insha Anis
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir, 192122, India
| | - Mohd. Saleem Dar
- Biochemical Sciences Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Ghulam Mohammad Rather
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir, 192122, India
| | - Manzoor Ahmad Dar
- Department of Chemistry, Islamic University of Science and Technology, Awantipora, Jammu and Kashmir, 192122, India
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15
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Buendia Zamudio F, Pham HT, Barquera-Lozada JE, Beltran MR, Nguyen MT. Formation of the quasi-planar B 56 boron cluster: topological path from B 12 and disk aromaticity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:21822-21832. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cp02571j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Formation and stability of the B56 boron cluster were investigated using a topological approach and the disk aromaticity model. An extensive global energy minimum search for the B56 system which...
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16
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Dong X, Chen C, Cui ZH. Tuning structural preference of negatively charged B16 by ionically or covalently interacting with alkali and coinage metals. Chem Phys 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphys.2021.111315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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17
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He CC, Xu SG, Zhao YJ, Xu H, Yang XB. All-boron planar ferromagnetic structures: from clusters to monolayers. NANOSCALE 2021; 13:9881-9887. [PMID: 34037052 DOI: 10.1039/d1nr00981h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ferromagnetism in all-boron planar clusters is revealed based on high-throughput first-principles calculations. Magnetic boron clusters induced from p electrons have been confirmed with large spins, e.g., S = 3 in a B34 cluster, which can be assembled to construct all-boron ferromagnetic monolayers. Notably, the ferromagnetic semiconductors of boron monolayers can be designed with the hybridization of a nonmagnetic B36 cluster in experimental synthesis. The ferromagnetism-paramagnetism transition and semiconductor-metal transition in these boron nanostructures will occur around 500 K according to ab initio molecular dynamics simulation, indicating the potential applications in nano-devices at room temperature. The coexisting ferromagnetic and semiconducting properties in boron monolayers are attributed to the unique multicenter bonds together with the modulation of structural symmetry, which might be worth experimental attempts in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Chun He
- Department of Physics, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China.
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18
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Lu QL, Luo QQ. Structures and Properties of CoB 19 +/0/- Clusters. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:912-916. [PMID: 33458542 PMCID: PMC7808133 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A global search for the lowest energy structure of Co atom-doped boron clusters (CoB19 +, CoB19, and CoB19 - clusters) was conducted. The lowest energy structures of them are remarkably different from those of B20 and CoB18 - clusters. CoB19 + clusters have a bowl-shaped geometry, where the Co atom is at the bottom of the bowl and is coordinated with eight B atoms. The CoB19 cluster presents seven- and eight-membered B rings. The CoB19 - cluster can be viewed as a structure that evolves from a Co-doped boron plane. The coordination number of CoB19 and CoB19 - clusters are 16 and 14, respectively. Several low-lying isomers have quasi-planar structures for the CoB19 - cluster. Some properties including charge transformation and distribution, HOMO-LUMO gaps, molecular orbital distribution, and stability of neutral CoB19 are discussed. CoB19 + and CoB19 - exhibit magnetism with a net moment of 1.0 and 0.94 μB because of odd number of electrons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Liang Lu
- School
of Physics and Material Science, Anhui University, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Qi Quan Luo
- Hefei
National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
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19
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20
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Shamim SUD, Hussain T, Hossian MR, Hossain MK, Ahmed F, Ferdous T, Hossain MA. A DFT study on the geometrical structures, electronic, and spectroscopic properties of inverse sandwich monocyclic boron nanoclusters ConBm (n = 1.2; m = 6–8). J Mol Model 2020; 26:153. [PMID: 32451624 DOI: 10.1007/s00894-020-04419-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Siraj Ud Daula Shamim
- Department of Physics, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University, Tangail, 1902, Bangladesh
| | - Tashrifa Hussain
- Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Rakib Hossian
- Department of Physics, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science & Technology University, Gopalganj, 8100, Bangladesh
| | - Md Kamal Hossain
- Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
| | - Farid Ahmed
- Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Tahmina Ferdous
- Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - Md Abul Hossain
- Department of Physics, Jahangirnagar University, Dhaka, Bangladesh
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21
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Feng LY, Guo JC, Li PF, Zhai HJ. Boron-Based Chiral Helix Be 6 B 10 2- and Be 6 B 11 - Clusters: Structures, Chemical Bonding, and Formation Mechanism. Chem Asian J 2020; 15:1094-1104. [PMID: 32104982 DOI: 10.1002/asia.201901640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Boron forms a rich variety of low-dimensional nanosystems, including the newly discovered helix Be6 B10 2- (1) and Be6 B11 - (2) clusters. We report herein on the elucidation of chemical bonding in clusters 1/2, using the modern quantum chemistry tools of canonical molecular orbital analyses and adaptive natural density partitioning (AdNDP). It is shown that clusters 1/2 contain a chiral helix Be2 B10 Be2 or Be2 B11 Be2 skeleton with a total of 11 and 12 segments, respectively, which effectively curve into "helical pseudo rings" and chemically consist of two "quasicircles" as defined by their anchoring Be centers. The helix skeleton is connected via Lewis-type B-B and Be-B-Be σ bonds, being further stabilized by island π/σ bonds and a loose π bond at the junction. The Be6 component in 1/2 assumes a distorted prism shape only physically, and it is fragmented into four parts: two terminal Be2 dimers and two isolated Be centers. A Be2 dimer at the far end manages to bend over and cap a quasicircle from one side of B plane. Consequently, each quasicircle of a helical pseudo ring is capped from opposite sides by two Be2 /Be units, facilitating intramolecular charge-transfers of 5 electrons from Be to B. Overall, the folding of B helix involves as many as 10 electrons. The enormous electrostatics offers the ultimate driving forces for B helix formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Yan Feng
- Nanocluster Laboratory Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Jin-Chang Guo
- Nanocluster Laboratory Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China.,Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Teachers University, Xinzhou, 034000, Shanxi, China
| | - Peng-Fei Li
- Nanocluster Laboratory Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
| | - Hua-Jin Zhai
- Nanocluster Laboratory Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 030006, China
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22
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Wei D, Ren M, Lu C, Bi J, Maroulis G. A quasi-plane IrB18− cluster with high stability. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:5942-5948. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp06330g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
A quasi-plane anionic IrB18− cluster with high stability is uncovered by a CALYPSO structural search method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Donghe Wei
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering
- Yangtze University
- Jingzhou 434023
- China
| | - Mengxue Ren
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering
- Yangtze University
- Jingzhou 434023
- China
| | - Cheng Lu
- Department of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering
- Yangtze University
- Jingzhou 434023
- China
- School of Mathematics and Physics
| | - Jie Bi
- School of Mathematics and Physics
- China University of Geosciences (Wuhan)
- Wuhan 430074
- China
| | - George Maroulis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Patras
- GR-26500 Patras
- Greece
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23
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Xie Z, Meng X, Li X, Liang W, Huang W, Chen K, Chen J, Xing C, Qiu M, Zhang B, Nie G, Xie N, Yan X, Zhang H. Two-Dimensional Borophene: Properties, Fabrication, and Promising Applications. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2020; 2020:2624617. [PMID: 32607497 PMCID: PMC7312787 DOI: 10.34133/2020/2624617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Monoelemental two-dimensional (2D) materials (Xenes) aroused a tremendous attention in 2D science owing to their unique properties and extensive applications. Borophene, one emerging and typical Xene, has been regarded as a promising agent for energy, sensor, and biomedical applications. However, the production of borophene is still a challenge because bulk boron has rather intricate spatial structures and multiple chemical properties. In this review, we describe its excellent properties including the optical, electronic, metallic, semiconducting, photoacoustic, and photothermal properties. The fabrication methods of borophene are also presented including the bottom-up fabrication and the top-down fabrication. In the end, the challenges of borophene in the latest applications are presented and perspectives are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhongjian Xie
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics and Otolaryngology Department and Biobank of the First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research, 518116 Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangying Meng
- Shenzhen International Institute for Biomedical Research, 518116 Shenzhen, Guangdong, China
| | - Xiangnan Li
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of New Energy Photovoltaic Devices, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering of Hebei Province, College of Electron and Information Engineering, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Weiyuan Liang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics and Otolaryngology Department and Biobank of the First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Weichun Huang
- Nantong Key Lab of Intelligent and New Energy Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019 Jiangsu, China
| | - Keqiang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics and Otolaryngology Department and Biobank of the First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Jianming Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics and Otolaryngology Department and Biobank of the First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chenyang Xing
- Center for Stretchable Electronics and Nanoscale Systems, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education, College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Meng Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Chemistry Theory and Technology (Ocean University of China), Ministry of Education, Qingdao 266100, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics and Otolaryngology Department and Biobank of the First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Guohui Nie
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics and Otolaryngology Department and Biobank of the First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ni Xie
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics and Otolaryngology Department and Biobank of the First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Xiaobing Yan
- National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of New Energy Photovoltaic Devices, Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering of Hebei Province, College of Electron and Information Engineering, Hebei University, Baoding 071002, China
| | - Han Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Institute of Microscale Optoelectronics and Otolaryngology Department and Biobank of the First Affiliated Hospital, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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24
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Wu X, Sai L, Zhou S, Zhou P, Chen M, Springborg M, Zhao J. Competition between tubular, planar and cage geometries: a complete picture of structural evolution of Bn (n = 31–50) clusters. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:12959-12966. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01256d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Stimulated by the early theoretical prediction of B80 fullerene and the experimental finding of the B40 cage, the structures of medium-sized boron clusters have attracted intensive research interest during the last decade, but a complete picture of their size-dependent structural evolution remains a puzzle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Wu
- College of Science
- Hohai University
- Changzhou 213022
- China
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser
| | - Linwei Sai
- College of Science
- Hohai University
- Changzhou 213022
- China
| | - Si Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser
- Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology)
- Ministry of Education
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Panwang Zhou
- Institute of Molecular Sciences and Engineering
- Institute of Frontier and Interdisciplinary Science
- Shandong University
- Qingdao 266235
- China
| | - Maodu Chen
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser
- Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology)
- Ministry of Education
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Michael Springborg
- Physical and Theoretical Chemistry
- University of Saarland
- Saarbrücken 66123
- Germany
| | - Jijun Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Materials Modification by Laser
- Ion and Electron Beams (Dalian University of Technology)
- Ministry of Education
- Dalian 116024
- China
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25
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Bai H, Chen TT, Chen Q, Zhao XY, Zhang YY, Chen WJ, Li WL, Cheung LF, Bai B, Cavanagh J, Huang W, Li SD, Li J, Wang LS. Planar B 41- and B 42- clusters with double-hexagonal vacancies. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:23286-23295. [PMID: 31782482 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09522e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Since the discovery of the B40 borospherene, research interests have been directed to the structural evolution of even larger boron clusters. An interesting question concerns if the borospherene cages persist in larger boron clusters like the fullerenes. Here we report a photoelectron spectroscopy (PES) and computational study on the structures and bonding of B41- and B42-, the largest boron clusters characterized experimentally thus far. The PE spectra of both clusters display broad and complicated features, suggesting the existence of multiple low-lying isomers. Global minimum searches for B41- reveal three low-lying isomers (I-III), which are all related to the planar B40- structure. Isomer II (Cs, 1A') possessing a double hexagonal vacancy is found to agree well with the experiment, while isomers I (Cs, 3A'') and III (Cs, 1A') both with a single hexagonal vacancy are also present as minor isomers in the experiment. The potential landscape of B42- is found to be much more complicated with numerous low-lying isomers (VII-XII). The quasi-planar structure VIII (C1, 2A) containing a double hexagonal vacancy is found to make major contributions to the observed PE spectrum of B42-, while the other low-lying isomers may also be present to give rise to a complicated spectral pattern. Chemical bonding analyses show isomer II of B41- (Cs, 1A') and isomer VIII of B42- (C1, 2A) are π aromatic, analogous to that in the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon C27H13+ (C2v, 1A1). Borospherene cage isomers are also found for both B41- and B42- in the global minimum searches, but they are much higher energy isomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Bai
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China and Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
| | - Teng-Teng Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
| | - Qiang Chen
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China.
| | - Xiao-Yun Zhao
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China.
| | - Yang-Yang Zhang
- Department of Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Wei-Jia Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
| | - Wan-Lu Li
- Department of Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Ling Fung Cheung
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
| | - Bing Bai
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China and Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
| | - Joseph Cavanagh
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
| | - Wei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology of Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan 030024, Shanxi, China
| | - Si-Dian Li
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China.
| | - Jun Li
- Department of Chemistry & Key Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China. and Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Lai-Sheng Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island 02912, USA.
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26
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Probing the Fluxional Bonding Nature of Rapid Cope rearrangements in Bullvalene C 10H 10 and Its Analogs C 8H 8, C 9H 10, and C 8BH 9. Sci Rep 2019; 9:17074. [PMID: 31745136 PMCID: PMC6864245 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-53488-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/31/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bullvalene C10H10 and its analogs semibullvalene C8H8, barbaralane C9H10, and 9-Borabarbaralane C8BH9 are prototypical fluxional molecules with rapid Cope rearrangements at finite temperatures. Detailed bonding analyses performed in this work reveal the existence of two fluxional π-bonds (2 2c-2e π → 2 3c-2e π → 2 2c-2e π) and one fluxional σ-bond (1 2c-2e σ → 1 4c-2e σ → 1 2c-2e σ) in their ground states and transition states, unveiling the universal π + σ double fluxional bonding nature of these fluctuating cage-like species. The highest occupied natural bond orbitals (HONBOs) turn out to be typical fluxional bonds dominating the dynamics of the systems. The 13C-NMR and 1H-NMR shielding tensors and chemical shifts of the model compound C8BH9 are computationally predicted to facilitate future experiments.
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27
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Mahdavifar Z, Shojaei F. Evolutionary search for (M©B 16) Q (M = Sc-Ni; Q = 0/-1) clusters: bowl/boat vs. tubular shape. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:22618-22628. [PMID: 31591621 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03999f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, using universal structure predictor: evolutionary xtallography (USPEX) method, followed by density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we performed global searches for the most stable structures of (M©B16)Q (M = Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni; Q = 0, -1) clusters. It was found that the obtained ground-state structures of (M©B16)Q clusters exhibited a distinct structural evolution as M changed from V to Ni: from bowl-shaped, to boat-shaped, to an M-centered tubular structure named wheel-shaped, to drum-shaped (the metal atom was adsorbed on top of the cross section of the B16 species). Our analysis shows that hyper-coordination and the size of the metal atom are two competing factors determining the relative stability and topological properties of the (M©B16)0/-1 clusters, resulting in unprecedented structures for Sc, Ti, and Ni-doped clusters. The calculated binding energies for these new configurations are even larger than those of the previously synthesized B16-1, (Mn©B16)-1, and (Co©B16)-1 clusters, indicating their very good stability and possible experimental synthesis. A net charge transfer from the metal atom to the boron moiety occurs for all clusters, indicating that electrostatic interactions play an important role in the stability of these materials. Finally, the Sc©M16 and Ti©B16 clusters exhibit not only excellent thermal stability but also large first hyper-polarizability. Hence, they are expected to be potential innovative candidates for excellent electro-optical materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zabiollah Mahdavifar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
| | - Fazel Shojaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.
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28
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Zan WY, Li HR, Mu YW, Lu HG, Li SD. Low-dimensional functional networks of cage-like B 40 with effective transition-metal intercalations. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:22611-22617. [PMID: 31589225 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp03252e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As the first all-boron fullerene observed in experiments, cage-like borospherene B40 has attracted considerable attention in recent years. However, B40 has been proved to be chemically reactive and tends to coalesce with one another via the formation of covalent bonds. We explore herein the possibility of low-dimensional functional networks of B40 with effective transition-metal intercalations. We find that the four equivalent B7 heptagons on the waist of each B40 can serve as effective ligands to coordinate various transition metal centers in exohedral motifs. The intercalated metal atoms entail these networks with a variety of intriguing properties. The two-dimensional (2D) Cr2B40 network is a ferromagnetic metal while the 2D Zn2B40 network becomes semiconducting. In contrast, other 2D M2B40 (M = Sc, Ti, V, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni and Cu) networks and 1D CrB40 belong to nonmagnetic metals. The 3D Cr3B40 network is a magnetic metal. This work presents the viable possibility of assembling Mn&B40 metalloborospherenes into stable functional nanomaterials via effective transition-metal intercalations with potential applications in electronic and spintronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Yan Zan
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 034000, China.
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29
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Kang D, Sun W, Shi H, Lu C, Kuang X, Chen B, Xia X, Maroulis G. Probing the structure and electronic properties of beryllium doped boron clusters: A planar BeB 16- cluster motif for metallo-borophene. Sci Rep 2019; 9:14367. [PMID: 31591442 PMCID: PMC6779740 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-50905-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Beryllium-doped boron clusters display essential similarities to borophene (boron sheet) with a molecular structure characterized by remarkable properties, such as anisotropy, metallicity and high conductivity. Here we have determined low-energy structures of BeBn0/- (n = 10-20) clusters by utilizing CALYPSO searching program and DFT optimization. The results indicated that most ground states of clusters prefer plane or quasi-plane structures by doped Be atom. A novel unexpected fascinating planar BeB16- cluster with C2v symmetry is uncovered which possesses robust relative stability. Furthermore, planar BeB16- offers a possibility to construct metallo-borophene nano-materials. Molecular orbital and chemical bonding analysis reveal the peculiarities of BeB16- cluster brings forth the aromaticity and the strong interaction of B-B σ-bonds in boron network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dongliang Kang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Weiguo Sun
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Hongxiao Shi
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Cheng Lu
- School of Mathematics and Physics, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xiaoyu Kuang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China.
| | - Bole Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - Xinxin Xia
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610065, China
| | - George Maroulis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, GR-26500, Patras, Greece.
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30
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Dai X, Zhang L, Jiang Y, Li H. Tuning electronic properties of boron phosphide nanoribbons by edge passivation and deformation. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:15392-15399. [PMID: 31276127 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp02602a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
There is a growing awareness that the structures of boron phosphide (BP) nanoribbons have a significant impact on their electronic transport properties, which will further affect their application in many fields, including energy conversion and nanoelectronic devices. By using the first principle density functional theory and non-equilibrium Green's function calculations, we investigate the electronic transport properties of graphene-like hexagonal zigzag BP nanoribbons with edges terminated by hydrogen atoms (-H) or hydroxyl groups (-OH) and the effect of twisting and bending deformations on their transport properties. Our results show that the electronic transport properties of the BP-H nanoribbons become poor after twisting to 45°, while twisting does not reduce the electronic transport properties of BP-OH nanoribbons. When we combine BP-H and BP-OH nanoribbons into a heterosheet, the effect of twist angle is similar to that for the BP-H nanoribbon. Another interesting finding is that for the BP-OH nanoribbons, there is a significant negative differential resistance (NDR) with a giant peak-to-valley ratio (PVR) of up to 90 when it is curled into an arch, which can be applied as an electric switch. Our detailed insights may provide a novel strategy to tune the electronic transport properties of BP nanoribbon-based structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Dai
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Lishu Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yanyan Jiang
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, People's Republic of China.
| | - Hui Li
- Key Laboratory for Liquid-Solid Structural Evolution and Processing of Materials, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, People's Republic of China.
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31
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Chen Q, Chen TT, Li HR, Zhao XY, Chen WJ, Zhai HJ, Li SD, Wang LS. B 31- and B 32-: chiral quasi-planar boron clusters. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:9698-9704. [PMID: 31066428 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr01524h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Chirality plays an important role in nature. Nanoclusters can also exhibit chiral properties. We report herein a joint experimental and theoretical investigation on the geometric and electronic structures of B31- and B32- clusters, using photoelectron spectroscopy in combination with first-principles calculations. Two degenerate quasi-planar chiral C1 enantiomers (I and II, 1A) with a central hexagonal vacancy are identified as the global minima of B31-. For B32-, two degenerate boat-like quasi-planar chiral C2 structures (VI and VII, 2A) with a central hexagonal vacancy are also found as the global minima, with a low-lying chair-like Ci B32- (VIII, 2Au) also present in the experiment as a minor isomer. The chiral conversions in quasi-planar B31- and B32- clusters are investigated and relatively low barriers are found due to the high flexibility of these monolayer clusters, which feature multiple delocalized σ and π bonds over buckled molecular surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiang Chen
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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32
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Fantuzzi F, Oliveira RR, Henkes AV, Rubayo-Soneira J, Nascimento MAC. Mechanistic Insights into the Formation of Lithium Fluoride Nanotubes. Chemistry 2019; 25:5269-5279. [PMID: 30868682 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201805991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Revised: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/07/2022]
Abstract
Born-Oppenheimer molecular dynamics (BOMD) and periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations have been applied for describing the mechanism of formation of lithium fluoride (LiF) nanotubes with cubic, hexagonal, octagonal, decagonal, dodecagonal, and tetradecagonal cross-sections. It has been shown that high energy structures, such as nanowires, nanorings, nanosheets, and nanopolyhedra are transient species for the formation of stable nanotubes. Unprecedented (LiF)n clusters (n≤12) were also identified, some of them lying less than 10 kcal mol-[1] above their respective global minima. Such findings indicate that stochastic synthetic techniques, such as laser ablation and chemical vapor deposition, should be combined with a template-driven procedure in order to generate the nanotubes with adequate efficiency. Apart from the stepwise growth of LiF units, the formation of nanotubes was also studied by rolling up a planar square sheet monolayer, which could be hypothetically produced from the exfoliation of the FCC crystal structure. It was shown that both pathways could lead to the formation of alkali halide nanotubes, a still unprecedented set of one-dimensional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Fantuzzi
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.,Current Address: Institute for Inorganic Chemistry, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Ricardo R Oliveira
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Aline V Henkes
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Jesús Rubayo-Soneira
- Instituto Superior de Tecnologías y Ciencias Aplicadas (InSTEC), Universidad de La Habana, Ave. Salvador Allende No. 1110, Quinta de los Molinos, 10400, La Habana, Cuba
| | - Marco Antonio Chaer Nascimento
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Av. Athos da Silveira Ramos 149, 21941-909, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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33
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Li S, Zhang Z, Long Z, Chen D. Structures, Stabilities, and Spectral Properties of Endohedral Borospherenes M@B 40 0/- (M = H 2, HF, and H 2O). ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:5705-5713. [PMID: 31459723 PMCID: PMC6648648 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b00209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Accepted: 03/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of borospherene B40 leads to a new beginning for the study of boron chemistry and may lead to new boron-based nanomaterials. Based on density functional theory, the structures, electronic properties, infrared and Raman spectra, photoelectron spectra, and electronic absorption spectra of endohedral borospherenes M@B40 0/- (M = H2, HF, and H2O) are investigated. It is found that H2, HF, and H2O monomers can form stable endohedral borospherenes M@B40 0/- (M = H2, HF, and H2O). In addition, the calculated results indicate that the doped molecule at the off-center location can relax to the center location within the cage and the symcenter of the doped molecule is almost located in the center of the cage. Unlike endohedral metalloborospherene Ca@B40, which is a charge-transfer complex between Ca2+ and B40 2-, natural population analyses and chemical bonding analyses reveal that there is no significant charge transfer of the doped molecule. The calculated spectra indicate that doping of a molecule (H2, HF, or H2O) in borospherene B40 can change the photoelectron spectra and doping of a polar molecule (HF or H2O) in borospherene B40 can change the spectral properties. For instance, the addition of a molecule can increase infrared and Raman-active modes and cause a red shift or blue shift of electronic spectra. These spectral features can be compared with future experimental values of endohedral borospherenes M@B40 0/- (M = H2, HF, and H2O).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shixiong Li
- School
of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou
Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
| | - Zhengping Zhang
- College of Big Data and Information Engineering and College of Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Zhengwen Long
- College of Big Data and Information Engineering and College of Physics, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Deliang Chen
- School
of Physics and Electronic Science, Guizhou
Education University, Guiyang 550018, China
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34
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Pham HT, Muya JT, Buendía F, Ceulemans A, Nguyen MT. Formation of the quasi-planar B 50 boron cluster: topological path from B 10 and disk aromaticity. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:7039-7044. [PMID: 30874278 DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00735k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The lowest-lying isomer of the B50 boron cluster is confirmed to have a quasi-planar shape with two hexagonal holes. By applying a topological (leap-frog) dual operation followed by boron capping, we demonstrated that such a quasi-planar structure actually comes from the smallest elongated B102-, and its high thermodynamic stability is due to its inherent disk aromaticity arising from its 32 valent π electrons that fully occupy a disk configuration of [(1σ)2(1π)4(1δ)4(2σ)2(1φ)4(2π)4(1γ)4(2δ)4(1η)4]. The aromatic character of the quasi-planar B50 is further supported by a strong diatropic magnetic current flow. The sudden appearance of a quasi-planar B50 again points out that the growth pattern of pure boron clusters is still far from being completely understood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung Tan Pham
- Department of Chemistry, KU Leuven, Celestijnenlaan 200F, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium.
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35
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Yan M, Li HR, Tian XX, Mu YW, Lu HG, Li SD. Fluxional bonds in quasi-planar B182− and half-sandwich MB18− (M = K, Rb, and Cs). J Comput Chem 2019; 40:1227-1232. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 12/28/2018] [Accepted: 01/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yan
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University; Taiyuan 030006 China
| | - Hai-Ru Li
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University; Taiyuan 030006 China
| | - Xin-Xin Tian
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University; Taiyuan 030006 China
| | - Yue-Wen Mu
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University; Taiyuan 030006 China
| | - Hai-Gang Lu
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University; Taiyuan 030006 China
| | - Si-Dian Li
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University; Taiyuan 030006 China
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36
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Wang YJ, Feng LY, Zhai HJ. Starting a subnanoscale tank tread: dynamic fluxionality of boron-based B 10Ca alloy cluster. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2019; 1:735-745. [PMID: 36132257 PMCID: PMC9473234 DOI: 10.1039/c8na00256h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2018] [Accepted: 11/06/2018] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Alloying an elongated B10 cluster with Ca is shown to give rise to a dynamically fluxional B10Ca cluster, the latter behaving like a tank tread at the subnanoscale. Computer global search identifies the B10Ca C 2 (1A) global-minimum structure, which is chiral in nature and retains the quasi-planar moiety of bare B10 cluster with Ca capped at one side, forming a half-sandwich. The rotation barrier of B10Ca cluster is reduced with respect to B10 by one order of magnitude, down to 1 kcal mol-1 at the PBE0/6-311+G* level, which demonstrates structural fluxionality at 600 K and beyond via molecular dynamics simulations. Structurewise, the Ca alloying in B10Ca cluster generates rhombic defect holes, preactivating the species and making it flexible against deformation. Chemical bonding analyses indicate that the B10Ca cluster is a charge-transfer [B10]2-[Ca]2+ complex, being doubly π/σ aromatic with the 6π and 10σ electron-counting. Such a pattern offers ideal π/σ delocalization and facilitates fluxionality. In contrast, bare B10 cluster has conflicting aromaticity with 6π and 8σ electrons, which is nonfluxional with a barrier of 12 kcal mol-1. Double π/σ aromaticity versus conflicting aromaticity is a key mechanism that distinguishes between fluxional B10Ca and nonfluxional B10 clusters, offering a compelling example that the concept of aromaticity (and double aromaticity) can be exploited to design dynamically fluxional nanosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Jin Wang
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China
- Department of Chemistry, Xinzhou Teachers University Xinzhou 034000 China
| | - Lin-Yan Feng
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China
| | - Hua-Jin Zhai
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China
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37
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Hao A, Xue H, Jia J. Geometries, stabilities, and magnetic properties of Co2Bn (n = 1–10) clusters. J Mol Model 2019; 25:27. [DOI: 10.1007/s00894-018-3906-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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38
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Jian T, Chen X, Li SD, Boldyrev AI, Li J, Wang LS. Probing the structures and bonding of size-selected boron and doped-boron clusters. Chem Soc Rev 2019; 48:3550-3591. [PMID: 31120469 DOI: 10.1039/c9cs00233b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Because of their interesting structures and bonding and potentials as motifs for new nanomaterials, size-selected boron clusters have received tremendous interest in recent years. In particular, boron cluster anions (Bn-) have allowed systematic joint photoelectron spectroscopy and theoretical studies, revealing predominantly two-dimensional structures. The discovery of the planar B36 cluster with a central hexagonal vacancy provided the first experimental evidence of the viability of 2D borons, giving rise to the concept of borophene. The finding of the B40 cage cluster unveiled the existence of fullerene-like boron clusters (borospherenes). Metal-doping can significantly extend the structural and bonding repertoire of boron clusters. Main-group metals interact with boron through s/p orbitals, resulting in either half-sandwich-type structures or substitutional structures. Transition metals are more versatile in bonding with boron, forming a variety of structures including half-sandwich structures, metal-centered boron rings, and metal-centered boron drums. Transition metal atoms have also been found to be able to be doped into the plane of 2D boron clusters, suggesting the possibility of metalloborophenes. Early studies of di-metal-doped boron clusters focused on gold, revealing ladder-like boron structures with terminal gold atoms. Recent observations of highly symmetric Ta2B6- and Ln2Bn- (n = 7-9) clusters have established a family of inverse sandwich structures with monocyclic boron rings stabilized by two metal atoms. The study of size-selected boron and doped-boron clusters is a burgeoning field of research. Further investigations will continue to reveal more interesting structures and novel chemical bonding, paving the foundation for new boron-based chemical compounds and nanomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Jian
- Department of Chemistry, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
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39
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Liang WY, Das A, Dong X, Wang MH, Cui ZH. Structural and electronic properties of MB 22− (M = Na, K) clusters: tubular boron versus quasi-planar boron forms. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c9nj00661c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Electron deficiency of boron atom has led to the abundant chemical properties of boron clusters, such as intriguing structures, unique multi-center bonding and electronic properties, as well as the structural evolution from planar to three-dimensional forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-yan Liang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Anita Das
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Engineering Science and Technology
- Shibpur
- Howrah
- India
| | - Xue Dong
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Meng-hui Wang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
| | - Zhong-hua Cui
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics
- Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy
- Jilin University
- Changchun
- China
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40
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Tian Y, Wei D, Jin Y, Barroso J, Lu C, Merino G. Exhaustive exploration of MgBn (n = 10–20) clusters and their anions. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2019; 21:6935-6941. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cp00201d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
An unexpected tubular-shaped MgB18 cluster is identified for the first time in alkaline-earth metal-doped boron clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Tian
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering
- Yangtze University
- Jingzhou 434023
- China
| | - Donghe Wei
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering
- Yangtze University
- Jingzhou 434023
- China
| | - Yuanyuan Jin
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering
- Yangtze University
- Jingzhou 434023
- China
- Department of Physics
| | - Jorge Barroso
- Departamento de Física Aplicada
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados
- Mérida
- Mexico
| | - Cheng Lu
- School of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering
- Yangtze University
- Jingzhou 434023
- China
- Department of Physics
| | - Gabriel Merino
- Departamento de Física Aplicada
- Centro de Investigación y de Estudios Avanzados
- Mérida
- Mexico
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41
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Chen B, Sun W, Kuang X, Lu C, Xia X, Shi H, Gutsev GL. Insights into the effects produced by doping of medium-sized boron clusters with ruthenium. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:30376-30383. [PMID: 30489588 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp05725g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Modification of properties of boron nanoparticles by doping with transition metals presents a challenging problem because the number of isomers of both doped and un-doped nanoparticles rapidly increases with the nanoparticle size. Here, we perform a study of neutral and anionic Ru-doped boron clusters RuBn (n = 9-20) using the unbiased CALYPSO structural search method in combination with density functional theory calculations. Our results show that the neutral RuB9 cluster possesses a perfect planar wheel-like geometrical structure, whereas the RuBn clusters prefer structures of the half-sandwich type in the range of 10 ≤ n ≤ 14, drum-like type in the range of 15 ≤ n ≤ 18 and cage-like structures for larger n values. The geometrical structures of the lowest total energy states of the RuBn- anions are similar to those of the corresponding neutrals, except for RuB10-, RuB11-, RuB14-, RuB15- and RuB20-. The neutral RuB12 and RuB14 clusters are found to exhibit enhanced stability with respect to the rest of the RuBn clusters due to the delocalized bonding between the Ru atom and the boron host.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bole Chen
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China.
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42
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Isaac Moreira EM, Brito BGA, Higino Damasceno J, Teixeira Rabelo JN, Hai GQ, Cândido L. Quantum Monte Carlo study of the electron binding energies and aromaticity of small neutral and charged boron clusters. J Chem Phys 2018; 149:214303. [DOI: 10.1063/1.5054575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- E. M. Isaac Moreira
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74001-970 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - B. G. A. Brito
- Departamento de Física, Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Naturais e Educação (ICENE), Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, 38064-200 Uberaba, MG, Brazil
| | - J. Higino Damasceno
- Instituto de Ciências Exatas e Tecnológica, Universidade Federal de Jataí, 75801-615 Jataí, GO, Brazil
| | | | - G.-Q. Hai
- Instituto de Física de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, 13560-970 São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - L. Cândido
- Instituto de Física, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74001-970 Goiânia, GO, Brazil
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43
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Yan M, Li H, Zhao X, Lu X, Mu Y, Lu H, Li S. Fluxional Bonds in Planar B
19
−
, Tubular Ta@B
20
−
, and Cage‐Like B
39
−. J Comput Chem 2018; 40:966-970. [DOI: 10.1002/jcc.25728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2018] [Revised: 09/01/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Miao Yan
- Institute of Molecular ScienceShanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China
| | - Hai‐Ru Li
- Institute of Molecular ScienceShanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China
| | - Xiao‐Yun Zhao
- Institute of Molecular ScienceShanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China
| | - Xiao‐Qin Lu
- Institute of Molecular ScienceShanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China
| | - Yue‐Wen Mu
- Institute of Molecular ScienceShanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China
| | - Hai‐Gang Lu
- Institute of Molecular ScienceShanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China
| | - Si‐Dian Li
- Institute of Molecular ScienceShanxi University Taiyuan 030006 China
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44
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NiB10, NiB11−, NiB12, and NiB13+: Half-Sandwich Complexes with the Universal Coordination Bonding Pattern of σ Plus π Double Delocalization. J CLUST SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10876-018-1457-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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45
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Li HR, Liu H, Zhao XY, Pei L, Chen N, Zan WY, Lu HG, Wang YK, Mu YW, Li SD. High-symmetry tubular Ta@B 183-, Ta 2@B 18, and Ta 2@B 27+ as embryos of α-boronanotubes with a transition-metal wire coordinated inside. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:25009-25015. [PMID: 30246197 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp04602f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transition-metal doping leads to dramatic structural changes and results in novel bonding patterns in small boron clusters. Based on the experimentally derived mono-ring planar C9v Ta©B92- (1) and extensive first-principles theory calculations, we present herein the possibility of high-symmetry double-ring tubular D9d Ta@B183- (2) and C9v Ta2@B18 (3) and triple-ring tubular D9h Ta2@B27+ (4), which may serve as embryos of single-walled metalloboronanotube α-Ta3@B48(3,0) (5) wrapped up from the recently observed most stable free-standing boron α-sheet on a Ag(111) substrate with a transition-metal wire (-Ta-Ta-) coordinated inside. Detailed bonding analyses indicate that, with an effective dz2-dz2 overlap on the Ta-Ta dimer along the C9 molecular axis, both Ta2@B18 (3) and Ta2@B27+ (4) follow the universal bonding pattern of σ + π double delocalization with each Ta center conforming to the 18-electron rule, providing tubular aromaticity to these Ta-doped boron complexes with magnetically induced ring currents. The IR, Raman, and UV-vis spectra of 3 and 4 are computationally simulated to facilitate their future experimental characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ru Li
- Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan, 034000, China.
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46
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47
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Majumder A, Ghara M, Chattaraj PK. Exohedral complexation of B39- with ECp∗+ half-sandwich complexes (E Si, Ge, Sn, Pb): A DFT study. COMPUT THEOR CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.comptc.2018.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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48
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Xu SG, Li XT, Zhao YJ, Liao JH, Xu H, Yang XB. An electron compensation mechanism for the polymorphism of boron monolayers. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:13410-13416. [PMID: 29971280 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr01230j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Boron monolayers have been increasingly attractive, while it is still a challenge to understand their structural stabilities, due to electron deficiency and multi-center bonds. In this work, we propose the average electron compensation (AEC) mechanism for boron monolayers based on high-throughput first-principles calculations. It is found that the AEC parameter (λ) tends to be zero for the stable free-standing boron monolayers. In addition, this mechanism can quantitatively describe the stability of boron monolayers on various metal substrates, providing direct suggestions for experimentalists to synthesize various boron monolayers for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Gang Xu
- Department of Physics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China.
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49
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Liang WY, Das A, Dong X, Cui ZH. Lithium doped tubular structure in LiB 20 and LiB 20-: a viable global minimum. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:16202-16208. [PMID: 29862386 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01376d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present a strategy by which the stability of tubular boron clusters can be significantly enhanced by doping the B20 cluster with a lithium atom. High-level quantum chemical calculations showed that the lowest energy structures of LiB20 and LiB20- are tubular structures with D10d symmetry, in which the lithium atom is located at the center of the tubular structure. Chemical bonding analysis revealed that the high-symmetry tubular boron clusters are characterized as charge transfer complexes (Li+B20- and Li+B202-), resulting in double aromaticity with delocalized π + σ bonding and strong electrostatic interactions between cationic Li+ and tubular boron motifs with twenty Li-B interactions. The unique bonding pattern of the LiB20 and LiB20- species provides a key driving force to stabilize tubular structures over quasi-planar structures, suggesting that electrostatic interactions resulting from alkali metals might unveil a new clue to the structural evolution of boron clusters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Yan Liang
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, Jilin Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Atomic and Molecular Spectroscopy, Jilin University, Changchun, China.
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50
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Liu H, Chen Q, Li HR, Zhao XY, Tian XX, Mu YW, Lu HG, Li SD. Aromatic cage-like B 34 and B 35+: new axially chiral members of the borospherene family. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:15344-15349. [PMID: 29796458 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp01769g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Shortly after the discovery of all-boron fullerenes D2d B40-/0 (borospherenes), the first axially chiral borospherenes C3/C2 B39- were characterized in experiments in 2015. Based on extensive global minimum searches and first-principles theory calculations, we present herein two new axially chiral members to the borospherene family: the aromatic cage-like C2 B34(1) and C2 B35+(2). Both B34(1) and B35+(2) feature one B21 boron triple chain on the waist and two equivalent heptagons and hexagons on the cage surface, with the latter being obtained by the addition of B+ into the former at the tetracoordinate defect site. Detailed bonding analyses show that they follow the universal bonding pattern of σ + π double delocalization, with 11 delocalized π bonds over a σ skeleton. Extensive molecular dynamics simulations show that these borospherenes are kinetically stable below 1000 K and start to fluctuate at 1200 K and 1100 K, respectively. The IR, Raman, and UV-vis spectra of 1 and 2 are computationally simulated to facilitate their experimental characterization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Liu
- Nanocluster Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China.
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