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Shojaei F, Zhang Q, Zhuang X, Mortazavi B. Remarkably high tensile strength and lattice thermal conductivity in wide band gap oxidized holey graphene C 2O nanosheet. DISCOVER NANO 2024; 19:99. [PMID: 38861224 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-024-04046-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Recently, the synthesis of oxidized holey graphene with the chemical formula C2O has been reported (J. Am. Chem. Soc. 2024, 146, 4532). We herein employed a combination of density functional theory (DFT) and machine learning interatomic potential (MLIP) calculations to investigate the electronic, optical, mechanical and thermal properties of the C2O monolayer, and compared our findings with those of its C2N counterpart. Our analysis shows that while the C2N monolayer exhibits delocalized π-conjugation and shows a 2.47 eV direct-gap semiconducting behavior, the C2O counterpart exhibits an indirect gap of 3.47 eV. We found that while the C2N monolayer exhibits strong absorption in the visible spectrum, the initial absorption peaks in the C2O lattice occur at around 5 eV, falling within the UV spectrum. Notably, we found that the C2O nanosheet presents significantly higher tensile strength compared to its C2N counterpart. MLIP-based calculations show that at room temperature, the C2O nanosheet can exhibit remarkably high tensile strength and lattice thermal conductivity of 42 GPa and 129 W/mK, respectively. The combined insights from DFT and MLIP-based results provide a comprehensive understanding of the electronic and optical properties of C2O nanosheets, suggesting them as mechanically robust and highly thermally conductive wide bandgap semiconductors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fazel Shojaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Nano and Bioscience and Technology, Persian Gulf University, Bushehr, 75169, Iran.
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Mathematics and Physics, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Xiaoying Zhuang
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Mathematics and Physics, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1A, 30167, Hannover, Germany
| | - Bohayra Mortazavi
- Institute of Photonics, Department of Mathematics and Physics, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1A, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
- Cluster of Excellence PhoenixD, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Welfengarten 1A, 30167, Hannover, Germany.
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2
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Ribeiro Junior LA, Pereira Junior ML, Fonseca AF. Elastocaloric Effect in Graphene Kirigami. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8801-8807. [PMID: 37477260 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Kirigami, a traditional Japanese art of paper cutting, has recently been explored for its elastocaloric effect (ECE) in kirigami-based materials (KMs), where an applied strain induces temperature changes. Importantly, the feasibility of a nanoscale graphene kirigami monolayer was experimentally demonstrated. Here, we investigate the ECE in GK representing the thinnest possible KM to better understand this phenomenon. Through molecular dynamics simulations, we analyze the temperature change and coefficient of performance (COP) of GK. Our findings reveal that while GKs lack the intricate temperature changes observed in macroscopic KMs, they exhibit a substantial temperature change of approximately 9.32 K (23 times higher than that of macroscopic KMs, which is about 0.4 K) for heating and -3.50 K for cooling. Furthermore, they demonstrate reasonable COP values of approximately 1.57 and 0.62, respectively. It is noteworthy that the one-atom-thick graphene configuration prevents the occurrence of the complex temperature distribution observed in macroscopic KMs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiz A Ribeiro Junior
- Institute of Physics, University of Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, Brazil
- Computational Materials Laboratory, LCCMat, Institute of Physics, University of Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, Brazil
| | - Marcelo L Pereira Junior
- Department of Electrical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Brasília, 70910-900 Brasília, Brazil
| | - Alexandre F Fonseca
- Applied Physics Department, Gleb Wataghin Institute of Physics, University of Campinas, 13083-859 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Zhu P, Zhang H, Zhang X, Cao W, Wang Q. Modulating the mass sensitivity of graphene resonators via kirigami. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2022; 33:485504. [PMID: 36007461 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac8c9b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The unique mechanical properties of graphene make it an excellent candidate for resonators. We have used molecule dynamic to simulate the resonance process of graphene. The kirigami approach was introduced to improve the mass sensitivity of graphene sheets. Three geometric parameters governing the resonant frequency and mass sensitivity of Kirigami graphene NEMS were defined. The simulation results show that the closer the kirigami defect is to the center of the drum graphene, the higher the mass sensitivity of the graphene. The kirigami graphene shows up to about 2.2 times higher mass sensitivity compared to pristine graphene. Simultaneously, the kirigami graphene has a higher out-of-plane amplitude and easy access to nonlinear vibrations, leading to higher mass sensitivity. Besides, the kirigami structure can restrict the diffusion of gold atoms on graphene under high initial velocity or large tension condition. It is evident that a reasonable defect design can improve the sensitivity and stability of graphene for adsorption mass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengcheng Zhu
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of Advanced Sensing Materials and Devices, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingbin Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212100, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Cao
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Wang
- Zhenjiang Key Laboratory of Advanced Sensing Materials and Devices, School of Mechanical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Transducer Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, People's Republic of China
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Katz BN, Krainov L, Crespi V. Shape Entropy of a Reconfigurable Ising Surface. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:096102. [PMID: 36083653 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.096102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Disclinations in a 2D sheet create regions of Gaussian curvature whose inversion produces a reconfigurable surface with many distinct metastable shapes, as shown by molecular dynamics of a disclinated graphene monolayer. This material has a near-Gaussian "density of shapes" and an effectively antiferromagnetic interaction between adjacent cones. A∼10 nm patch has hundreds of distinct metastable shapes with tunable stability and topography on the size scale of biomolecules. As every conical disclination provides an Ising-like degree of freedom, we call this technique "Isigami."
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin N Katz
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Davey Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Lev Krainov
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Davey Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
| | - Vincent Crespi
- Department of Physics, The Pennsylvania State University, 104 Davey Lab, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA
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Fan Z, Wang Y, Ying P, Song K, Wang J, Wang Y, Zeng Z, Xu K, Lindgren E, Rahm JM, Gabourie AJ, Liu J, Dong H, Wu J, Chen Y, Zhong Z, Sun J, Erhart P, Su Y, Ala-Nissila T. GPUMD: A package for constructing accurate machine-learned potentials and performing highly efficient atomistic simulations. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:114801. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0106617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present our latest advancements of machine-learned potentials (MLPs) based on the neuroevolution potential (NEP) framework introduced in [Fan et al., Phys. Rev. B 104, 104309 (2021)] and their implementation in the open-source package GPUMD.We increase the accuracy of NEP models both by improving the radial functions in the atomic-environment descriptor using a linear combination of Chebyshev basis functions and by extending the angular descriptor with some four-body and five-body contributions as in the atomic cluster expansion approach.We also detail our efficient implementation of the NEP approach in graphics processing units as well as our workflow for the construction of NEP models, and we demonstrate their application in large-scale atomistic simulations.By comparing to state-of-the-art MLPs, we show that the NEP approach not only achieves above-average accuracy but also is far more computationally efficient.These results demonstrate that the GPUMD package is a promising tool for solving challenging problems requiring highly accurate, large-scale atomistic simulations.To enable the construction of MLPs using a minimal training set, we propose an active-learning scheme based on the latent space of a pre-trained NEP model.Finally, we introduce three separate Python packages, GPYUMD, CALORINE, and PYNEP, which enable the integration of GPUMD into Python workflows.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheyong Fan
- School of Mathematics and Physics, Bohai University, China
| | | | - Penghua Ying
- School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology Shenzhen, China
| | - Keke Song
- University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
| | | | | | | | - Ke Xu
- Xiamen University, Xiamen University, China
| | | | | | | | - Jiahui Liu
- University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
| | | | - Jianyang Wu
- Department of Physics, Xiamen University, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Mechanical Engineering, University of Hong Kong Department of Mechanical Engineering, Hong Kong
| | - Zheng Zhong
- Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen, Harbin Institute of Technology, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Physics and National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures, Nanjing University, China
| | | | - Yanjing Su
- Corrosion and Protection Center, Key Laboratory for Environmental Fracture (MOE), University of Science and Technology Beijing, China
| | - Tapio Ala-Nissila
- Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University Department of Applied Physics, Finland
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Pham PV, Bodepudi SC, Shehzad K, Liu Y, Xu Y, Yu B, Duan X. 2D Heterostructures for Ubiquitous Electronics and Optoelectronics: Principles, Opportunities, and Challenges. Chem Rev 2022; 122:6514-6613. [PMID: 35133801 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
A grand family of two-dimensional (2D) materials and their heterostructures have been discovered through the extensive experimental and theoretical efforts of chemists, material scientists, physicists, and technologists. These pioneering works contribute to realizing the fundamental platforms to explore and analyze new physical/chemical properties and technological phenomena at the micro-nano-pico scales. Engineering 2D van der Waals (vdW) materials and their heterostructures via chemical and physical methods with a suitable choice of stacking order, thickness, and interlayer interactions enable exotic carrier dynamics, showing potential in high-frequency electronics, broadband optoelectronics, low-power neuromorphic computing, and ubiquitous electronics. This comprehensive review addresses recent advances in terms of representative 2D materials, the general fabrication methods, and characterization techniques and the vital role of the physical parameters affecting the quality of 2D heterostructures. The main emphasis is on 2D heterostructures and 3D-bulk (3D) hybrid systems exhibiting intrinsic quantum mechanical responses in the optical, valley, and topological states. Finally, we discuss the universality of 2D heterostructures with representative applications and trends for future electronics and optoelectronics (FEO) under the challenges and opportunities from physical, nanotechnological, and material synthesis perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong V Pham
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center (HIC), Zhejiang University, Xiaoshan 311200, China.,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,ZJU-UIUC Joint Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314400, China
| | - Srikrishna Chanakya Bodepudi
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center (HIC), Zhejiang University, Xiaoshan 311200, China.,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,ZJU-UIUC Joint Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314400, China
| | - Khurram Shehzad
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center (HIC), Zhejiang University, Xiaoshan 311200, China.,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,ZJU-UIUC Joint Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314400, China
| | - Yuan Liu
- School of Physics and Electronics, Hunan University, Hunan 410082, China
| | - Yang Xu
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center (HIC), Zhejiang University, Xiaoshan 311200, China.,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,ZJU-UIUC Joint Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314400, China
| | - Bin Yu
- School of Micro-Nano Electronics, Hangzhou Global Scientific and Technological Innovation Center (HIC), Zhejiang University, Xiaoshan 311200, China.,State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.,ZJU-UIUC Joint Institute, Zhejiang University, Jiaxing 314400, China
| | - Xiangfeng Duan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA), Los Angeles, California 90095-1569, United States
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Javvaji B, Mortazavi B, Rabczuk T, Zhuang X. Exploration of mechanical, thermal conductivity and electromechanical properties of graphene nanoribbon springs. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2020; 2:3394-3403. [PMID: 36134265 PMCID: PMC9418781 DOI: 10.1039/d0na00217h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Recent experimental advances [Liu et al., npj 2D Mater. Appl., 2019, 3, 23] propose the design of graphene nanoribbon springs (GNRSs) to substantially enhance the stretchability of pristine graphene. A GNRS is a periodic undulating graphene nanoribbon, where undulations are of sinus or half-circle or horseshoe shapes. Besides this, the GNRS geometry depends on design parameters, like the pitch's length and amplitude, thickness and joining angle. Because of the fact that parametric influence on the resulting physical properties is expensive and complicated to examine experimentally, we explore the mechanical, thermal and electromechanical properties of GNRSs using molecular dynamics simulations. Our results demonstrate that the horseshoe shape design GNRS (GNRH) can distinctly outperform the graphene kirigami design concerning the stretchability. The thermal conductivity of GNRSs was also examined by developing a multiscale modeling, which suggests that the thermal transport along these nanostructures can be effectively tuned. We found that however, the tensile stretching of the GNRS and GNRH does not yield any piezoelectric polarization. The bending induced hybridization change results in a flexoelectric polarization, where the corresponding flexoelectric coefficient is 25% higher than that of graphene. Our results provide a comprehensive vision of the critical physical properties of GNRSs and may help to employ the outstanding physics of graphene to design novel stretchable nanodevices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brahmanandam Javvaji
- Chair of Computational Science and Simulation Technology, Department of Mathematics and Physics, Leibniz Universität Hannover Applestr. 11 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Bohayra Mortazavi
- Chair of Computational Science and Simulation Technology, Department of Mathematics and Physics, Leibniz Universität Hannover Applestr. 11 30167 Hannover Germany
| | - Timon Rabczuk
- Institute of Structural Mechanics, Bauhaus University Weimar Marienstrasse 15 99423 Weimar Germany
- College of Civil Engineering, Department of Geotechnical Engineering, Tongji University Shanghai China
| | - Xiaoying Zhuang
- Division of Computational Mechanics, Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Ton Duc Thang University Ho Chi Minh City Vietnam
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Li H, Cheng G, Liu Y, Zhong D. Anomalous Thermal Response of Graphene Kirigami Induced by Tailored Shape to Uniaxial Tensile Strain: A Molecular Dynamics Study. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E126. [PMID: 31936573 PMCID: PMC7022236 DOI: 10.3390/nano10010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
The mechanical and thermal properties of graphene kirigami are strongly dependent on the tailoring structures. Here, thermal conductivity of three typical graphene kirigami structures, including square kirigami graphene, reentrant hexagonal honeycomb structure, and quadrilateral star structure under uniaxial strain are explored using molecular dynamics simulations. We find that the structural deformation of graphene kirigami is sensitive to its tailoring geometry. It influences thermal conductivity of graphene by changing heat flux scattering, heat path, and cross-section area. It is found that the factor of cross-section area can lead to four times difference of thermal conductivity in the large deformation system. Our results are elucidated based on analysis of micro-heat flux, geometry deformation, and atomic lattice deformation. These insights enable us to design of more efficient thermal management devices with elaborated graphene kirigami materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China;
| | - Gao Cheng
- School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China;
| | - Yongjian Liu
- School of Highway, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710064, China;
| | - Dan Zhong
- Zhuhai Da Hengqin Science and Technology Development Co. Ltd., Zhuhai 519000, China
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Gao Y, Xu B. van der Waals Graphene Kirigami Heterostructure for Strain-Controlled Thermal Transparency. ACS NANO 2018; 12:11254-11262. [PMID: 30427663 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Programming thermal transport across interfaces by engineering strain is of critical importance for exploring mechanical controllable and thermal manageable devices with multifunctionalities. Here, we report a van der Waals heterostructure that is composed of bilayer graphene kirigami with diverse layer cut patterns and assembly organizations and show that the thermal flow intensity across the van der Waals interfaces, named as thermal transparency, could be continuously regulated by applying an external in-plane tensile strain. The density of atomic interactions across the interfaces and the distribution of delocalized phonon modes in each graphene kirigami are elucidated to understand the underlying thermal transport mechanism and are also incorporated into a theoretical model for quantitative predictions of thermal conductance under mechanical strain. A proof-of-conceptual van der Waals graphene kirigami heterostructure by design is proposed and validated through extensive full-scale atomistic simulations on the feasibility and reliability of regulating the transparency ratio of thermal transport by mechanical strain, demonstrating its potential applications in thermal and electronic devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Gao
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia 22904 , United States
| | - Baoxing Xu
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , Virginia 22904 , United States
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