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Milunovic MNM, Ohui K, Besleaga I, Petrasheuskaya TV, Dömötör O, Enyedy ÉA, Darvasiova D, Rapta P, Barbieriková Z, Vegh D, Tóth S, Tóth J, Kucsma N, Szakács G, Popović-Bijelić A, Zafar A, Reynisson J, Shutalev AD, Bai R, Hamel E, Arion VB. Copper(II) Complexes with Isomeric Morpholine-Substituted 2-Formylpyridine Thiosemicarbazone Hybrids as Potential Anticancer Drugs Inhibiting Both Ribonucleotide Reductase and Tubulin Polymerization: The Morpholine Position Matters. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 38771959 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
The development of copper(II) thiosemicarbazone complexes as potential anticancer agents, possessing dual functionality as inhibitors of R2 ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) and tubulin polymerization by binding at the colchicine site, presents a promising avenue for enhancing therapeutic effectiveness. Herein, we describe the syntheses and physicochemical characterization of four isomeric proligands H2L3-H2L6, with the methylmorpholine substituent at pertinent positions of the pyridine ring, along with their corresponding Cu(II) complexes 3-6. Evidently, the position of the morpholine moiety and the copper(II) complex formation have marked effects on the in vitro antiproliferative activity in human uterine sarcoma MES-SA cells and the multidrug-resistant derivative MES-SA/Dx5 cells. Activity correlated strongly with quenching of the tyrosyl radical (Y•) of mouse R2 RNR protein, inhibition of RNR activity in the cancer cells, and inhibition of tubulin polymerization. Insights into the mechanism of antiproliferative activity, supported by experimental results and molecular modeling calculations, are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Katerina Ohui
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - Iuliana Besleaga
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - Tatsiana V Petrasheuskaya
- Department of Molecular and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7-8, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Orsolya Dömötör
- Department of Molecular and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7-8, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Éva A Enyedy
- Department of Molecular and Analytical Chemistry, Interdisciplinary Excellence Centre, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7-8, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
- MTA-SZTE Lendület Functional Metal Complexes Research Group, University of Szeged, Dóm tér 7, Szeged H-6720, Hungary
| | - Denisa Darvasiova
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava SK-81237, Slovakia
| | - Peter Rapta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava SK-81237, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Barbieriková
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava SK-81237, Slovakia
| | - Daniel Vegh
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Bratislava SK-81237, Slovakia
| | - Szilárd Tóth
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Judit Tóth
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Nóra Kucsma
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
| | - Gergely Szakács
- Institute of Molecular Life Sciences, HUN-REN Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Research Network, Magyar Tudósok körútja 2, Budapest H-1117, Hungary
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - Ana Popović-Bijelić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Belgrade 11158, Serbia
| | - Ayesha Zafar
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Jóhannes Reynisson
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Newcastle-under-Lyme, Staffordshire ST5 5BG, United Kingdom
| | - Anatoly D Shutalev
- N. D. Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russian Federation
| | - Ruoli Bai
- Molecular Pharmacology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Ernest Hamel
- Molecular Pharmacology Branch, Developmental Therapeutics Program, Division of Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment, National Cancer Institute, Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, Maryland 21702, United States
| | - Vladimir B Arion
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria
- Inorganic Polymers Department, "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Gr. Ghica Voda 41 A, Iasi 700487, Romania
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2
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Ferrer-Bru C, Ferrer J, Passarelli V, Lahoz FJ, García-Orduña P, Carmona D. Molecular Dihydrogen Activation by (C 5Me 5)M/N (M=Rh, Ir) Transition Metal Frustrated Lewis Pairs: Reversible Proton Migration to, and Proton Abstraction from, the C 5Me 5 Ligand. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304140. [PMID: 38323731 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
The masked transition-metal frustrated Lewis pairs [Cp*M(κ3N,N',N''-L)][SbF6] (Cp*=η5-C5Me5; M=Ir, 1, Rh, 2; HL=pyridinyl-amidine ligand) reversibly activate H2 under mild conditions rendering the hydrido derivatives [Cp*MH(κ2N,N'-HL)][SbF6] observed as a mixture of the E and Z isomers at the amidine C=N bond (M=Ir, 3Z, 3E; M=Rh, 4Z, 4E). DFT calculations indicate that the formation of the E isomers follows a Grotthuss type mechanism in the presence of water. A mixture of Rh(I) isomers of formula [(Cp*H)Rh(κ2N,N'-HL)][SbF6] (5 a-d) is obtained by reductive elimination of Cp*H from 4. The formation of 5 a-d was elucidated by means of DFT calculations. Finally, when 2 reacts with D2, the Cp* and Cp*H ligands of the resulting rhodium complexes 4 and 5, respectively, are deuterated as a result of a reversible hydrogen abstraction from the Cp* ligand and D2 activation at rhodium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ferrer-Bru
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Joaquina Ferrer
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Passarelli
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando J Lahoz
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar García-Orduña
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Daniel Carmona
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
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3
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Afzal M, Alarifi A, Abduh NAY, Ayub A, Muddassir M. Identification of anti-cancer organometallic compounds by inhibition of BCL-2/Bax interactions. Comput Biol Med 2023; 167:107657. [PMID: 37931525 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2023.107657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 10/21/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
Apoptosis is regulated by the BCL-2 family, which includes the anti-apoptotic and pro-apoptotic proteins (Bax, Bok, Bak, etc.). These proteins often interact in dimers and act as apoptotic switches. Anti-apoptotic proteins, such as BCL-2, block the functions of these pro-apoptotic proteins. The pro-apoptotic and anti-apoptotic protein-protein interactions must be inhibited to prevent tumor cells from escaping apoptosis. This method has been used to develop anticancer drugs by inhibiting BCL-2 with both natural and synthetic compounds. Metal-containing compounds were used as pharmaceuticals for human cancer patients for a long time, and cisplatin was the first candidate of this class. Drug design, however, needs to pay more attention to metal complexes. We have studied the X-ray crystal structure of the BCL-2 protein in detail and identified the hydrophobic nature of the site with two less solvent-accessible sites. Based on the hydrophobic nature of the compounds, 74 organometallic compounds with X-ray crystallographically characterized bioactivity (including anticancer activity) were selected from the Cambridge crystallographic database. For testing, molecular docking was used to determine which compound was most effective against the BCL-2 protein. Organometallic compounds (benzene)-chloro-(1-{[(9H-fluoren-2-yl)imino]methyl}naphthalen-2-olato)-ruthenium (2), (1-((1,1'-biphenyl)-4-yl)-2,3,4,5-tetramethylcyclopentadienyl)-chloro-(4,4'-dimethyl-2,2'-bipyridine)-rhodium hexafluorophosphate (37), (μ-1,1'-(butane-1,4-diyl)bis(3-oxy-2-methylpyridin-4(1H)-one))-dichloro-bis(pentamethyl-cyclopentadienyl)-di-rhodium tetrahydrate (46), (μ-1,1'-(butane-1,4-diyl)bis(3-oxy-2-methylpyridin-4(1H)-one))-dichloro-bis(pentamethyl-cyclopentadienyl)-di-iridium (47) etc are found to be important compounds in this study. The capability of different types of complex interactions was identified using Hirshfeld surface analysis of the complexes. A NCI plot was conducted to understand the nature of the interaction between complex amino acids and active-site amino acids. A DFT study was conducted to examine the stability and chemical reactivity of the selected complexes. Using this study, one suitable hydrophobic lead anti-cancer organometallic pharmaceutical was found that binds at the less solvent-accessible hydrophobic site of BCL-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Afzal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Abdullah Alarifi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naaser A Y Abduh
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arusha Ayub
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Georgia, P.O. Box-0171, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Mohd Muddassir
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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4
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Beard S, Grasa A, Viguri F, Rodríguez R, López JA, Lahoz FJ, García-Orduña P, Lamata P, Carmona D. Molecular hydrogen and water activation by transition metal frustrated Lewis pairs containing ruthenium or osmium components: catalytic hydrogenation assays. Dalton Trans 2023; 52:13216-13228. [PMID: 37665066 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt02339g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
The transition metal frustrated Lewis pair compounds [(Cym)M(κ3S,P,N-HL1)][SbF6] (Cym = η6-p-MeC6H4iPr; H2L1 = N-(p-tolyl)-N'-(2-diphenylphosphanoethyl)thiourea; M = Ru (5), Os (6)) have been prepared from the corresponding dimer [{(Cym)MCl}2(μ-Cl)2] and H2L1 by successive chloride abstraction with NaSbF6 and AgSbF6 and NH deprotonation with NaHCO3. Complexes 5 and 6 and the previously reported phosphano-guanidino compounds [(Cym)M(κ3P,N,N'-HL2)][SbF6] [H2L2 = N,N'-bis(p-tolyl)-N''-(2-diphenylphosphanoethyl) guanidine; M = Ru (7), Os (8)] and pyridinyl-guanidino compounds [(Cym)M(κ3N,N',N''-HL3)][SbF6] [H2L3 = N,N'-bis(p-tolyl)-N''-(2-pyridinylmethyl) guanidine; M = Ru (9), Os (10)] heterolytically activate H2 in a reversible manner affording the hydrido complexes [(Cym)MH(H2L)][SbF6] (H2L = H2L1; M = Ru (11), Os (12); H2L = H2L2; M = Ru (13), Os (14); H2L = H2L3; M = Ru (15), Os (16)). DFT calculations carried out on the hydrogenation of complex 7 support an FLP mechanism for the process. Heating 9 and 10 in methanol yields the orthometalated complexes [(Cym)M(κ3N,N',C-H2L3-H)][SbF6] (M = Ru (17), Os (18)). The phosphano-guanidino complex 7 activates deuterated water in a reversible fashion, resulting in the gradual deuteration of the three cymene methyl protons through sequential C(sp3)-H bond activation. From DFT calculations, a metal-ligand cooperative reversible mechanism that involves the O-H bond activation and the formation of an intermediate methylene cyclohexenyl complex has been proposed. Complexes 5-10 catalyse the hydrogenation of the CC double bond of styrene and a range of acrylates, the CO bond of acetophenone and the CN bond of N-benzylideneaniline and quinoline. The CC double bond of methyl acrylate adds to catalyst 9, affording complex 19 in which a new ligand exhibiting a fac κ3N,N',C coordination mode has been incorporated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Beard
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Alejandro Grasa
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Fernando Viguri
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Ricardo Rodríguez
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - José A López
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Fernando J Lahoz
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Pilar García-Orduña
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Pilar Lamata
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Daniel Carmona
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos. Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.
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5
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Henke W, Peng Y, Meier A, Fujita E, Grills D, Polyansky D, Blakemore J. Mechanistic roles of metal- and ligand-protonated species in hydrogen evolution with [Cp*Rh] complexes. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2217189120. [PMID: 37186841 PMCID: PMC10214172 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2217189120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Protonation reactions involving organometallic complexes are ubiquitous in redox chemistry and often result in the generation of reactive metal hydrides. However, some organometallic species supported by η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl (Cp*) ligands have recently been shown to undergo ligand-centered protonation by direct proton transfer from acids or tautomerization of metal hydrides, resulting in the generation of complexes bearing the uncommon η4-pentamethylcyclopentadiene (Cp*H) ligand. Here, time-resolved pulse radiolysis (PR) and stopped-flow spectroscopic studies have been applied to examine the kinetics and atomistic details involved in the elementary electron- and proton-transfer steps leading to complexes ligated by Cp*H, using Cp*Rh(bpy) as a molecular model (where bpy is 2,2'-bipyridyl). Stopped-flow measurements coupled with infrared and UV-visible detection reveal that the sole product of initial protonation of Cp*Rh(bpy) is [Cp*Rh(H)(bpy)]+, an elusive hydride complex that has been spectroscopically and kinetically characterized here. Tautomerization of the hydride leads to the clean formation of [(Cp*H)Rh(bpy)]+. Variable-temperature and isotopic labeling experiments further confirm this assignment, providing experimental activation parameters and mechanistic insight into metal-mediated hydride-to-proton tautomerism. Spectroscopic monitoring of the second proton transfer event reveals that both the hydride and related Cp*H complex can be involved in further reactivity, showing that [(Cp*H)Rh] is not necessarily an off-cycle intermediate, but, instead, depending on the strength of the acid used to drive catalysis, an active participant in hydrogen evolution. Identification of the mechanistic roles of the protonated intermediates in the catalysis studied here could inform design of optimized catalytic systems supported by noninnocent cyclopentadienyl-type ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wade C. Henke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS66045
| | - Yun Peng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS66045
| | - Alex A. Meier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS66045
| | - Etsuko Fujita
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY11973-5000
| | - David C. Grills
- Chemistry Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY11973-5000
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Zhu Z, Wei L, Yadav AK, Fan Z, Kumar A, Miao M, Banerjee S, Huang H. Cyanine-Functionalized 2,2'-Bipyridine Compounds for Photocatalytic Cancer Therapy. J Org Chem 2023; 88:626-631. [PMID: 36522290 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Recently, interest has been given to developing photocatalytic anticancer drugs. This area of research is dominated by metal complexes. Here, we report the potential of lysosome/mitochondria targeting cyanine appended bipyridine compounds as the organic photocatalytic anticancer agents. The organocatalyst (bpyPCN) not only exhibits light-induced NADH oxidation but also generates intracellular ROS to demonstrate anticancer activity. This is the first example of organic compound induced catalytic NADH photo-oxidation in an aqueous solution and in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zilin Zhu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
| | - Li Wei
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
| | - Ashish Kumar Yadav
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Zhongxian Fan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
| | - Ashish Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Mengzhao Miao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
| | - Samya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
| | - Huaiyi Huang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences (Shenzhen), Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, P. R. China
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7
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Lee B, Phillips AD, Hanif M, Söhnel T, Hartinger CG. Triazolyl- vs Pyridyl-Functionalized N-Heterocyclic Carbene Complexes: Impact of the Pendant N-Donor Ligand on Intramolecular C-C Bond Formation. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2022; 2:511-524. [PMID: 36510612 PMCID: PMC9732886 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.2c00035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Organometallic Rh(Cp*) (Cp* = η5-pentamethylcyclopentadienyl) complexes with monodentate N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) ligands bearing a pendant anthracenyl substituent have been shown to undergo intramolecular C-C coupling reactions. Herein, two bidentate NHC ligands substituted with pyridyl or triazolyl donor groups were prepared along with the corresponding MII/III (M = RuII, OsII, RhIII, IrIII) complexes. While the Rh(Cp*) complex featuring an NHC-triazole bidentate ligand underwent the equivalent reaction as the monodentate Rh(NHC) complex, i.e., it formed a polydentate ligand, the pyridyl-pendant derivative was unequivocally shown to be unreactive. This contrasting behavior was further investigated by density functional theory (DFT) calculations that highlighted significant differences between the two types of Rh(III) complexes with pendant pyridyl or triazolyl N-coordinating groups. Modeling of the reaction pathways suggests that the initial formation of a dicationic Rh(III) species is unfavorable and that the internal ligand transformation proceeds first by dissociation of the coordinated N atom of the pendant group from the Rh center. After the formation of a neutral η4-fulvene ligand via combined proton/single electron transfer, a cycloaddition occurs between the exo-ene bond of fulvene and the 9' and 10' positions on the pendant anthracenyl group. The resulting experimental UV-visible spectrum recorded in methanol of the polydentate triazolyl-based Rh species revealed the loss of the vibronic coupling typically associated with an anthracenyl functional group. Moreover, TD-DFT modeling indicates the presence of an equilibrium process whereby the N-coordination of the pendant triazolyl group to the RhIII center appears to be highly labile. Charge decomposition analysis (CDA) of the DFT-modeled species with the dissociated triazolyl group revealed a pseudo-η3-allylic interaction between the π-type MOs of the transformed anthracenyl group and the RhIII center; thus, the singly attached chelating ligand is classified as having rare nonadenticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty
Y.T. Lee
- School
of Chemical Sciences, The University of
Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Andrew D. Phillips
- School
of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4 D04 V1W8, Ireland,
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- School
of Chemical Sciences, The University of
Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Tilo Söhnel
- School
of Chemical Sciences, The University of
Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Christian G. Hartinger
- School
of Chemical Sciences, The University of
Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand,
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8
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Nekrasov RI, Peganova TA, Fedyanin IV, Gutsul EI, Filippov OA, Belkova NV, Kalsin AM. Versatile Reactivity of Half-Sandwich Rhodium(III) Iminophosphonamide Complexes. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:16081-16092. [PMID: 36149890 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c02478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Novel 18e̅ and 16e̅ pentamethylcyclopentadienyl rhodium(III) complexes [(η5-C5Me5)RhX(NPN)] (1a,b, X = Cl; 2a-c, X = PF6, BAr4F) with chelating zwitterionic iminophosphonamide (NPN) ligands (Ph2P(NR)(NR'); a, R = R' = p-Tol; b, R = p-Tol, R' = Me; c, R = R' = Me) were synthesized and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction. In the 16e̅ complexes 2, the rhodium (Rh) atom is efficiently stabilized by π-donation of unshared N electrons, thus hampering coordination of the external ligands and rendering the 18e̅ complexes labile. Due to low coordination enthalpy, the cationic 18e̅ monocarbonyl and pyridine adducts 2a·L are stable only at low temperatures. At room temperature, 2·CO adducts readily give stable carbonyl-carbamoyl complexes [(η5-C5Me5)Rh(CO){(CO(NR')Ph2P(NR)}]+ (4) formed as a result of CO insertion into the Rh-N bond, thus showing high nucleophilicity of the N atoms in 18e̅ complexes. High basicity of the Na+NPN- precursors caused side deprotonation of the η5-C5Me5 ligand during the synthesis of 1 that yields unstable fulvene Rh(I) complexes [(η4-C5Me4CH2)Rh{Ph2P(NR)(NR')2}] (3a,b). Complex 3a undergoes a facile reaction with isoprene to yield an unusual [(η5:η1-C5Me4(CH2)C(Me)═CHCH2)Rh(NPN)] complex─the first example of intermolecular 1,4-metallacycloaddition of diene to the Rh-fulvene complex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roman I Nekrasov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Tat'yana A Peganova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Ivan V Fedyanin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Evgenii I Gutsul
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Oleg A Filippov
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Natalia V Belkova
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Alexander M Kalsin
- A.N. Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds of Russian Academy of Sciences, 28 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russian Federation
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9
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Sink A, Banerjee S, Wolny JA, Imberti C, Lant EC, Walker M, Schünemann V, Sadler PJ. Kinetics and mechanism of sequential ring methyl C-H activation in cyclopentadienyl rhodium(III) complexes. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:16070-16081. [PMID: 36043856 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt02079c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We have studied activation of the methyl C-H bonds in the cyclopentadienyl ligands of half-sandwich Rh(III) complexes [η5-CpXRh(N,N')Cl]+ by observing the dependence of sequential H/D exchange on variations in CpX = Cp* (complexes 1 and 2), Me4PhCp (CpXPh, 3) or Me4PhPhCp (CpXPhPh, 4), and chelated ligand N,N' (bpy, 1; phen, 2-4). H/D exchange was fastest in d4-MeOD (t1/2 = 10 min, 37 °C, complex 1), no H/D exchange was observed in DMSO/D2O, and d4-MeOD enhanced the rate in CD3CN. The proposed Rh(I)-fulvene intermediate was trapped by [4 + 2] Diels-Alder reactions with conjugated dienes and characterized. The Rh(I) oxidation state was confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Influence of solvent on the mechanisms of activation and Diels-Alder adduct formation was modelled using DFT calculations with the CAM-B3LYP functional and CEP-31 g basis set, and influence on the reaction profile of the dimiine ligand and phenyl substituent using the larger qzvp basis set. The Rh(III)-OH intemediate is stabilised by H-bonding with methanol and a Cp* CH3 hydrogen. The Rh(I)(Me4fulvene) species, stabilised by interaction of methanol with a coordinated water, again by two H-bonds H2O-HOMe (1.49 Å) and fulvene CH2 (1.94 Å), arises from synchronous transfer of the methanol OH proton to a Rh(III)-OH ligand and Cp* methyl hydrogen to the methanol oxygen. Additionally, the observed trend in catalytic activity for complexes 1-4 was reproduced by DFT calculations. These complexes form a novel class of catalytic molecular motors with a tunable rate of operation that can be stalled in a given state. They provide a basis for elucidation of the effects of ligand design on the contributions of electronic, rotational and vibrational energies to each step in the reaction pathway at the atomic level, consideration of which will enhance the design principles for the next generation of molecular machines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Sink
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Samya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK. .,Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, UP-221005, India.
| | - Juliusz A Wolny
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - Cinzia Imberti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Edward C Lant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
| | - Marc Walker
- Department of Physics, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Volker Schünemann
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Straße 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
| | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK.
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10
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Carmona M, Pérez R, Ferrer J, Rodríguez R, Passarelli V, Lahoz FJ, García-Orduña P, Carmona D. Activation of H-H, HO-H, C(sp 2)-H, C(sp 3)-H, and RO-H Bonds by Transition-Metal Frustrated Lewis Pairs Based on M/N (M = Rh, Ir) Couples. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:13149-13164. [PMID: 35948430 PMCID: PMC9406284 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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Reaction of the dimers [(Cp*MCl)2(μ-Cl)2] (Cp* = η5-C5Me5)
with Ph2PCH2CH2NC(NH(p-Tolyl))2 (H2L) in the presence
of NaSbF6 affords the chlorido complexes [Cp*MCl(κ2N,P-H2L)][SbF6] (M = Rh, 1; Ir, 2).
Upon treatment with aqueous NaOH, solutions of 1 and 2 yield the corresponding complexes [Cp*M(κ3N,N′,P-HL)][SbF6] (M = Rh, 3; Ir, 4) in which the ligand HL presents a fac κ3N,N′,P coordination mode. Treatment of THF solutions
of complexes 3 and 4 with hydrogen gas,
at room temperature, results in the formation of the metal hydrido-complexes
[Cp*MH(κ2N,P-H2L)][SbF6] (M = Rh, 5;
Ir, 6) in which the N(p-Tolyl) group
has been protonated. Complexes 3 and 4 react
with deuterated water in a reversible fashion resulting in the gradual
deuteration of the Cp* group. Heating at 383 K THF/H2O
solutions of the complexes 3 and 4 affords
the orthometalated complexes [Cp*M(κ3C,N,P-H2L-H)][SbF6] [M = Rh, 7; Ir, 8, H2L-H = Ph2PCH2CH2NC(NH(p-Tolyl))(NH(4-C6H3Me))], respectively. At 333 K, complexes 3 and 4 react in THF with methanol, primary alcohols,
or 2-propanol giving the metal-hydrido complexes 5 and 6, respectively. The reaction involves the acceptorless dehydrogenation
of the alcohols at a relatively low temperature, without the assistance
of an external base. The new complexes have been characterized by
the usual analytical and spectroscopic methods including the X-ray
diffraction determination of the crystal structures of complexes 1–5, 7, and 8. Notably, the chlorido complexes 1 and 2 crystallize both as enantiopure conglomerates and as racemates.
Reaction mechanisms are proposed based on stoichiometric reactions,
nuclear magnetic resonance studies, and X-ray crystallography as well
as density functional theory calculations. In solution, masked transition-metal
frustrated Lewis pairs
(TMFLPs) give rise to the corresponding TMFLP species which activate
dihydrogen, water, and alcohols following FLP reaction pathways. When
D2O or alcohols with deuterated OH groups were employed,
H/D exchange at the Cp* ligand (involving C(sp3)−H
activation) was observed. C(sp2)−H bond activation
involving orthometalation of the p-Tolyl ring was
also observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Carmona
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Roberto Pérez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Joaquina Ferrer
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ricardo Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Passarelli
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando J Lahoz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar García-Orduña
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Daniel Carmona
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC - Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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11
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Wang ZF, Nai XL, Xu Y, Pan FH, Tang FS, Qin QP, Yang L, Zhang SH. Cell nucleus localization and high anticancer activity of quinoline-benzopyran rhodium(III) metal complexes as therapeutic and fluorescence imaging agents. Dalton Trans 2022; 51:12866-12875. [PMID: 35861361 DOI: 10.1039/d2dt01929a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Four novel rhodium(III) complexes, [RhIII(QB1)Cl3(DMSO)] (RhN1), [RhIII(QB2)Cl3(CH3OH)]·CH3OH (RhN2), [RhIII(QB3)Cl3(CH3OH)]·CH3OH (RhS), and [RhIII(QB4)Cl3(DMSO)] (RhQ), bearing quinoline-benzopyran ligands (QB1-QB4) were synthesized and used to develop highly anticancer therapeutic and fluorescence imaging agents. Compared with the QB1-QB4 ligands (IC50 > 89.2 ± 1.7 μM for A549/DDP), RhN1, RhN2, RhS and RhQ exhibit selective cytotoxicity against lung carcinoma cisplatin-resistant A549/DDP (A549CDDP) cancer cells, with IC50 values in the range of 0.08-2.7 μM. The fluorescent imaging agent RhQ with the more extended planar QB4 ligand exhibited high anticancer activity in A549CDDP cells and was found in the cell nucleus fraction, whereas RhS had no fluorescence properties. RhQ and RhS may trigger cell apoptosis by causing DNA damage and initiating the mitochondrial dysfunction pathway. Furthermore, RhQ has a higher antitumor efficacy (ca. 55.3%) than RhS (46.4%) and cisplatin (CDDP, 33.1%), and RhQ demonstrated significantly lower toxicity in vivo than CDDP, making it a promising Rh(III)-based anticancer therapeutic and fluorescence imaging agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Feng Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, P R China. .,College of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, P R China
| | - Xiao-Ling Nai
- College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Yue Xu
- College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Feng-Hua Pan
- College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Fu-Shun Tang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, P R China.
| | - Qi-Pin Qin
- College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Lin Yang
- College of Chemistry and Food Science, Yulin Normal University, 1303 Jiaoyudong Road, Yulin 537000, PR China
| | - Shu-Hua Zhang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, P R China. .,College of Chemistry, Guangdong University of Petrochemical Technology, Maoming, Guangdong, 525000, P R China
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12
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Kuznetcova I, Bacher F, Alfadul SM, Tham MJR, Ang WH, Babak MV, Rapta P, Arion VB. Elucidation of Structure-Activity Relationships in Indolobenzazepine-Derived Ligands and Their Copper(II) Complexes: the Role of Key Structural Components and Insight into the Mechanism of Action. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:10167-10181. [PMID: 35713376 PMCID: PMC9490829 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Indolo[3,2-d][1]benzazepines (paullones), indolo[3,2-d][2]benzazepines, and indolo[2,3-d][2]benzazepines (latonduines) are isomeric scaffolds of current medicinal interest. Herein, we prepared a small library of novel indolo[3,2-d][2]benzazepine-derived ligands HL1-HL4 and copper(II) complexes 1-4. All compounds were characterized by spectroscopic methods (1H and 13C NMR, UV-vis, IR) and electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry, while complexes 2 and 3, in addition, by X-ray crystallography. Their purity was confirmed by HPLC coupled with high-resolution ESI mass spectrometry and/or elemental analysis. The stability of compounds in aqueous solutions in the presence of DMSO was confirmed by 1H NMR and UV-vis spectroscopy measurements. The compounds revealed high antiproliferative activity in vitro in the breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 and hepatocellular carcinoma cell line LM3 in the low micromolar to nanomolar concentration range. Important structure-activity relationships were deduced from the comparison of anticancer activities of HL1-HL4 and 1-4 with those of structurally similar paullone-derived (HL5-HL7 and 5-7) and latonduine-derived scaffolds (HL8-HL11 and 8-11). The high anticancer activity of the lead drug candidate 4 was linked to reactive oxygen species and endoplasmic reticulum stress induction, which were confirmed by fluorescent microscopy and Western blot analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irina Kuznetcova
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Felix Bacher
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Samah Mutasim Alfadul
- Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Max Jing Rui Tham
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117544, Singapore
| | - Wee Han Ang
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 4 Science Drive 2, Singapore 117544, Singapore
| | - Maria V Babak
- Drug Discovery Lab, Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR 999077, China
| | - Peter Rapta
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Chemical Physics, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, SK-81237 Bratislava, Slovak Republic
| | - Vladimir B Arion
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry of the University of Vienna, Währinger Strasse 42, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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13
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Ferrer C, Ferrer J, Passarelli V, Lahoz FJ, García-Orduña P, Carmona D. Well-Stabilized but Strained Frustrated Lewis Pairs Based on Rh/N and Ir/N Couples. Organometallics 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.2c00172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ferrer
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC─Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Joaquina Ferrer
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC─Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Passarelli
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC─Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando J. Lahoz
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC─Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar García-Orduña
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC─Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Daniel Carmona
- Departamento de Catálisis y Procesos Catalíticos, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC─Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain
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14
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He D, Zhang L, Sun Y. Meso-substituented pyronine: colorful emission and versatile platform for the rational design of fluorescent probes. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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15
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Boyd EA, Leseberg JAH, Cosner EL, Lionetti D, Henke WC, Day VW, Blakemore JD. Remote Oxidative Activation of a [Cp*Rh] Monohydride. Chemistry 2022; 28:e202104389. [PMID: 35038188 PMCID: PMC8891045 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202104389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Half-sandwich rhodium monohydrides are often proposed as intermediates in catalysis, but little is known regarding the redox-induced reactivity accessible to these species. Herein, the bis(diphenylphosphino)ferrocene (dppf) ligand has been used to explore the reactivity that can be induced when a [Cp*Rh] monohydride undergoes remote (dppf-centered) oxidation by 1e- . Chemical and electrochemical studies show that one-electron redox chemistry is accessible to Cp*Rh(dppf), including a unique quasi-reversible RhII/I process at -0.96 V vs. ferrocenium/ferrocene (Fc+/0 ). This redox manifold was confirmed by isolation of an uncommon RhII species, [Cp*Rh(dppf)]+ , that was characterized by electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy. Protonation of Cp*Rh(dppf) with anilinium triflate yielded an isolable and inert monohydride, [Cp*Rh(dppf)H]+ , and this species was found to undergo a quasireversible electrochemical oxidation at +0.41 V vs. Fc+/0 that corresponds to iron-centered oxidation in the dppf backbone. Thermochemical analysis predicts that this dppf-centered oxidation drives a dramatic increase in acidity of the Rh-H moiety by 23 pKa units, a reactivity pattern confirmed by in situ 1 H NMR studies. Taken together, these results show that remote oxidation can effectively induce M-H activation and suggest that ligand-centered redox activity could be an attractive feature for the design of new systems relying on hydride intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily A. Boyd
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Julie A. Hopkins Leseberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Emma L. Cosner
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Davide Lionetti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Wade C. Henke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Victor W. Day
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - James D. Blakemore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States,To whom correspondence should be addressed.
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16
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Nahaei A, Mandegani Z, Chamyani S, Fereidoonnezhad M, Shahsavari HR, Kuznetsov NY, Nabavizadeh SM. Half-Sandwich Cyclometalated Rh III Complexes Bearing Thiolate Ligands: Biomolecular Interactions and In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluations. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:2039-2056. [PMID: 35023727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c03218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
A class of cyclometalated RhIII complexes [Cp*Rh(ppy)(SR)] bearing thiolate ligands, Cp* = pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, ppy = 2-phenylpyridinate, and R = pyridyl (Spy, 2), pyrimidyl (SpyN, 3), benzimidazolyl (Sbi, 4), and benzothiazolyl (Sbt, 5), were produced and identified by means of spectroscopic methods. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the RhIII compounds in three different human mortal cancerous cell lines (ovarian, SKOV3; breast, MCF-7; lung, A549) and a normal lung (MRC-5) cell line were evaluated, indicating the selectivity of these cyclometalated RhIII complexes to cancer cells. Complex 5, selected for in vivo experiment, has shown an effective inhibition of tumor growth in SKOV3 xenograft mouse model relative to control (p-values < 0.05 and < 0.01). Importantly, the outcomes of H&E (hematoxylin and eosin) staining and hematological analysis revealed negligible toxicity of 5 compared to cisplatin on a functioning of the main organs of mouse. Molecular docking, UV-vis, and emission spectroscopies (fluorescence, 3D fluorescence, synchronous) techniques were carried out on 1-5 to peruse the mechanism of the anticancer activities of these complexes. The obtained data help to manifest the binding affinity between the rhodium compounds and calf thymus DNA (CT-DNA) through the interaction by DNA minor groove and moderate binding affinity with bovine serum albumin (BSA), particularly with the cavity in the subdomain IIA. It can be concluded that the Rh-thiolate complexes are highly promising leads for the development of novel effective DNA-targeted anticancer drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Nahaei
- Professor Rashidi Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71467-13565, Iran
| | - Zeinab Mandegani
- Professor Rashidi Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71467-13565, Iran
| | - Samira Chamyani
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Masood Fereidoonnezhad
- Toxicology Research Center; Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz 61357-15794, Iran
| | - Hamid R Shahsavari
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Nikolai Yu Kuznetsov
- Nesmeyanov Institute of Organoelement Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Vavilov st. 28, 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - S Masoud Nabavizadeh
- Professor Rashidi Laboratory of Organometallic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Shiraz University, Shiraz 71467-13565, Iran
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17
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Jiang W, Zhang Z, Ni P, Tan Y. OUP accepted manuscript. Metallomics 2022; 14:6585273. [PMID: 35556135 DOI: 10.1093/mtomcs/mfac021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
Fourteen new organotin(IV) complexes were successfully synthesized and characterized by elemental analyses, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), multinuclear (1H, 13C, and 119Sn) NMR spectroscopy, high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS), and X-ray single-crystal techniques. Crystallographic data showed that the complexes 1b, 2b, 3b, and 5b were macrocyclic compounds, 4b exhibited a one-dimensional spiral chain structure with distorted trigonal bipyramidal geometry, other complexes were centrosymmetric dimers, and there was an Sn2O2 four-membered ring in the middle of the molecule. In-vitro anticancer activity against the three human tumor cell lines NCI-H460, MCF-7, and HepG2 was studied, and the dibutyltin complex 5a is a more potent antitumor agent than other complexes and cisplatin. Cell apoptosis study of 5a with the highest activity on HepG2 cancer cell lines was done by flow cytometry; it was shown that the antitumor activity of 5a was related to apoptosis, and it inhibited proliferation by blocking cells in the G2/M phase. The single-cell gel electrophoresis assay results show that 5a induces DNA damage. 5a interacts with ct-DNA by intercalating the mode of interaction. UV-visible absorption spectrometry, fluorescence competitive, viscosity measurements, and gel electrophoresis results also support the intercalative mode of interaction for 5a with DNA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wujiu Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Organometallic New Materials, College of Hunan Province, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Treatment of Heavy Metals Pollution in the Upper Reaches of XiangJiang River, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, Hunan 421008, China
| | - Zhijian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Organometallic New Materials, College of Hunan Province, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Treatment of Heavy Metals Pollution in the Upper Reaches of XiangJiang River, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, Hunan 421008, China
| | - Penghui Ni
- Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Organometallic New Materials, College of Hunan Province, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Treatment of Heavy Metals Pollution in the Upper Reaches of XiangJiang River, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, Hunan 421008, China
| | - Yuxing Tan
- Key Laboratory of Functional Metal-Organic Compounds of Hunan Province, Key Laboratory of Organometallic New Materials, College of Hunan Province, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Monitoring and Treatment of Heavy Metals Pollution in the Upper Reaches of XiangJiang River, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hengyang Normal University, Hengyang, Hunan 421008, China
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18
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Green LPM, Steel TR, Riisom M, Hanif M, Söhnel T, Jamieson SMF, Wright LJ, Crowley JD, Hartinger CG. Synthetic Strategy Towards Heterodimetallic Half-Sandwich Complexes Based on a Symmetric Ditopic Ligand. Front Chem 2021; 9:786367. [PMID: 34926406 PMCID: PMC8677676 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.786367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Multimetallic complexes have been shown in several examples to possess greater anticancer activity than their monometallic counterparts. The increased activity has been attributed to altered modes of action. We herein report the synthesis of a series of heterodimetallic compounds based on a ditopic ligand featuring 2-pyridylimine chelating motifs and organometallic half-sandwich moieties. The complexes were characterized by a combination of 1H NMR spectroscopy, electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, elemental analysis and single crystal X-ray diffraction. Investigations into the stability of representative complexes in DMSO-d6 and 10% DMSO-d6/D2O revealed the occurrence of solvent-chlorido ligand exchange. Proliferation assays in four human cancer cell lines showed that the Os-Rh complex possessed minimal activity, while all other complexes were inactive.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lewis P M Green
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tasha R Steel
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Mie Riisom
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Tilo Söhnel
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Stephen M F Jamieson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - L James Wright
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - James D Crowley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
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19
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Comadoll CG, Henke WC, Hopkins Leseberg JA, Douglas JT, Oliver AG, Day VW, Blakemore JD. Examining the Modular Synthesis of [Cp*Rh] Monohydrides Supported by Chelating Diphosphine Ligands. Organometallics 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.organomet.1c00525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Chelsea G. Comadoll
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Wade C. Henke
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Julie A. Hopkins Leseberg
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - Justin T. Douglas
- Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Laboratory, Molecular Structures Group, University of Kansas, 2034 Becker Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66047, United States
| | - Allen G. Oliver
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, 149 Stepan Chemistry, Notre Dame, Indiana 46556, United States
| | - Victor W. Day
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
| | - James D. Blakemore
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1567 Irving Hill Road, Lawrence, Kansas 66045, United States
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20
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Lee BYT, Phillips AD, Hanif M, Tong KKH, Söhnel T, Hartinger CG. Heptadentate, Octadentate, Or Even Nonadentate? Denticity in the Unexpected Formation of an All-Carbon Donor-Atom Ligand in Rh III(Cp*)(Anthracenyl-NHC) Complexes. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:8734-8741. [PMID: 34100283 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c00711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Investigations on incorporating an N-flanking anthracenyl moiety to [Rh(Cp*)(NHC)Cl2] complexes surprisingly led to the formation of an intramolecular C-C bond between the Cp* and anthracenyl moieties, with additional auxiliary interactions between the metal and the anthracenyl ring system. In silico modeling supports a reaction mechanism whereby Rh(η4-tetramethylfulvene) intermediates undergo metallocycloaddition and the abstraction of a chlorido ligand, affording unique cationic complexes that feature Rh centers coordinated by a nonadentate ligand with exclusively carbon donor atoms. Some Rh-C interactions were extremely weak but nevertheless exhibited covalent bonding character. These weak Rh-C interactions were readily displaced by stronger electron donors, and the nonadentate ligand reverted to the heptadentate coordination mode observed in the intermediate. As far as we are aware, this study provides the first conclusive evidence of complexes bearing a single nonadentate κ9-coordinating ligand that features only carbon donors bound to a metal center.
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Affiliation(s)
- Betty Y T Lee
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Andrew D Phillips
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Muhammad Hanif
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Kelvin K H Tong
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Tilo Söhnel
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Christian G Hartinger
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
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21
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Armstrong J, Banerjee S, Schünemann V, Wolny JA, Sadler PJ. Vibrational Motions Make Significant Contributions to Sequential Methyl C-H Activations in an Organometallic Complex. J Phys Chem Lett 2021; 12:658-662. [PMID: 33393303 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.0c03292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
[(Pentamethylcyclopentadienyl)Rh(III)(bipyridine)(chloride)]+ (Cp*Rh-Cl) undergoes sequential deuteriation of its 15 Cp* CH groups in polar deuterated solvents. Vibrational spectra of H14-Cp*Rh-Cl and D14-Cp*Rh-Cl were captured via inelastic neutron spectroscopy (INS) and assigned using density functional theory (DFT) phonon calculations. These calculations were precisely weighted to the spectrometer's neutronic response. The Cp* ring behaves as a moving carousel, bringing each CH3 close to the Rh-OH/D center where proton abstraction occurs. Vibrations relevant for carousel movement and proximal positioning for H transfer were identified. DFT modeling uncovered changes in vibrations along the reaction path, involving a Rh(I)-fulvene intermediate. Vibronic energy contributions are large across the entire transition. Remarkably, they amount to over a 400-fold increase in the proton transfer rate. The inclusion of vibrational degrees of freedom could be applied more widely to catalysts and molecular machines to harness the energetics of these vibrations and increase their effective rates of operation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeff Armstrong
- ISIS Pulsed Neutron and Muon Source, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Harwell, Oxford, Didcot OX11 0QX, United Kingdom
| | - Samya Banerjee
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Volker Schünemann
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität, Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Juliusz A Wolny
- Department of Physics, Technische Universität, Kaiserslautern, Erwin-Schrödinger-Str. 46, 67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany
| | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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22
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Muñoz-Osses M, Quiroz J, Vásquez-Martínez Y, Flores E, Navarrete E, Godoy F, Torrent C, Cortez-San Martín M, Gómez A, Mascayano C. Evaluation of cyrhetrenyl and ferrocenyl precursors as 5-lipoxygenase inhibitors – biological and computational studies. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj01336j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthesis and biological evaluation of precursors derived from ferrocene and cyrhetrene as inhibitors of enzyme 5-hLOX.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Javiera Quiroz
- Departamento Ciencias del Ambiente
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Chile
| | - Yesseny Vásquez-Martínez
- Programa Centro de Investigaciones Biomédicas y Aplicadas (CIBAP)
- Escuela de Medicina
- Facultad de Ciencias Médicas
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Chile
| | - Erick Flores
- Departamento Química de los Materiales
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Chile
| | | | - Fernando Godoy
- Departamento Química de los Materiales
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Chile
| | - Claudia Torrent
- Departamento Ciencias del Ambiente
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Chile
| | | | - Alejandra Gómez
- Departamento Química de los Materiales
- Universidad de Santiago de Chile
- Chile
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23
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Anthony EJ, Bolitho EM, Bridgewater HE, Carter OWL, Donnelly JM, Imberti C, Lant EC, Lermyte F, Needham RJ, Palau M, Sadler PJ, Shi H, Wang FX, Zhang WY, Zhang Z. Metallodrugs are unique: opportunities and challenges of discovery and development. Chem Sci 2020; 11:12888-12917. [PMID: 34123239 PMCID: PMC8163330 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04082g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 290] [Impact Index Per Article: 72.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Metals play vital roles in nutrients and medicines and provide chemical functionalities that are not accessible to purely organic compounds. At least 10 metals are essential for human life and about 46 other non-essential metals (including radionuclides) are also used in drug therapies and diagnostic agents. These include platinum drugs (in 50% of cancer chemotherapies), lithium (bipolar disorders), silver (antimicrobials), and bismuth (broad-spectrum antibiotics). While the quest for novel and better drugs is now as urgent as ever, drug discovery and development pipelines established for organic drugs and based on target identification and high-throughput screening of compound libraries are less effective when applied to metallodrugs. Metallodrugs are often prodrugs which undergo activation by ligand substitution or redox reactions, and are multi-targeting, all of which need to be considered when establishing structure-activity relationships. We focus on early-stage in vitro drug discovery, highlighting the challenges of evaluating anticancer, antimicrobial and antiviral metallo-pharmacophores in cultured cells, and identifying their targets. We highlight advances in the application of metal-specific techniques that can assist the preclinical development, including synchrotron X-ray spectro(micro)scopy, luminescence, and mass spectrometry-based methods, combined with proteomic and genomic (metallomic) approaches. A deeper understanding of the behavior of metals and metallodrugs in biological systems is not only key to the design of novel agents with unique mechanisms of action, but also to new understanding of clinically-established drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth J Anthony
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Elizabeth M Bolitho
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Hannah E Bridgewater
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Oliver W L Carter
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Jane M Donnelly
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Cinzia Imberti
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Edward C Lant
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Frederik Lermyte
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt Alarich-Weiss-Strasse 4 64287 Darmstadt Germany
| | - Russell J Needham
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Marta Palau
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Huayun Shi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Fang-Xin Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Wen-Ying Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
| | - Zijin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick Gibbet Hill Road Coventry CV4 7AL UK
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24
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Bani-Yaseen AD, Elbashier E. Computational Insights on the Electrocatalytic Behavior of [Cp*Rh] Molecular Catalysts Immobilized on Graphene for Heterogeneous Hydrogen Evolution Reaction. Sci Rep 2020; 10:5777. [PMID: 32238849 PMCID: PMC7113254 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-62758-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The heterogeneous metal-based molecular electrocatalyst can typically exhibit attractive features compared to its homogeneous analogue including recoverability and durability. As such, it is necessary to evaluate the electrocatalytic behavior of heterogenized molecular catalysts of interest toward gaining insights concerning the retainability of such behaviors while benefiting from heterogenization. In this work, we examined computationally the electrochemical properties of nanographene-based heterogenized molecular complexes of Rhodium. We assessed, as well, the electrocatalytic behavior of the heterogenized molecular catalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). Two electrochemical pathways were examined, namely one- and two-electron electrochemical reduction pathways. Interestingly, it is computationally demonstrated that [RhIII(Cp*)(phen)Cl]+-Gr can exhibit redox and electrocatalytic properties for HER that are comparable to its homogeneous analogue via a two-electron reduction pathway. On the other hand, the one-electron reduction pathway is notably found to be less favorable kinetically and thermodynamically. Furthermore, molecular insights are provided with respect to the HER employing molecular orbitals analyses and mechanistic aspects. Importantly, our findings may provide insights toward designing more efficient graphene-based molecular heterogeneous electrocatalysts for more efficient energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdulilah Dawoud Bani-Yaseen
- Department of Chemistry & Earth Sciences, College of Arts & Science, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, State of Qatar.
| | - Elkhansa Elbashier
- Department of Chemistry & Earth Sciences, College of Arts & Science, Qatar University, P.O. Box 2713, Doha, State of Qatar
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25
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26
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Zhang WY, Bridgewater HE, Banerjee S, Soldevila-Barreda JJ, Clarkson GJ, Shi H, Imberti C, Sadler PJ. Ligand-Controlled Reactivity and Cytotoxicity of Cyclometalated Rhodium(III) Complexes. Eur J Inorg Chem 2020; 2020:1052-1060. [PMID: 33776557 PMCID: PMC7610438 DOI: 10.1002/ejic.201901055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis, characterisation and cytotoxicity of six cyclometalated rhodium(III) complexes [CpXRh(C^N)Z]0/+, in which CpX = Cp*, Cpph, or Cpbiph, C^N = benzo[h]quinoline, and Z = chloride or pyridine. Three x-ray crystal structures showing the expected "piano-stool" configurations have been determined. The chlorido complexes hydrolysed faster in aqueous solution, also reacted preferentially with 9-ethyl guanine or glutathione compared to their pyridine analogues. The 1-biphenyl-2,3,4,5,-tetramethylcyclopentadienyl complex [CpbiphRh(benzo[h]quinoline)Cl] (3a) was the most efficient catalyst in coenzyme reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) oxidation to NAD+ and induced an elevated level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in A549 human lung cancer cells. The pyridine complex [CpbiphRh(benzo[h]quinoline)py]+ (3b) was the most potent against A549 lung and A2780 ovarian cancer cell lines, being 5-fold more active than cisplatin towards A549 cells, and acted as a ROS scavenger. This work highlights a ligand-controlled strategy to modulate the reactivity and cytotoxicity of cyclometalated rhodium anticancer complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Peter J. Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, CV4 7AL, Coventry, UK
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27
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Chiu CKC, Lam YPY, Wootton CA, Barrow MP, Sadler PJ, O'Connor PB. Metallocomplex-Peptide Interactions Studied by Ultrahigh Resolution Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2020; 31:594-601. [PMID: 31967804 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.9b00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The OsII arene anticancer complex [(η6-bip)Os(en)Cl]+ (Os1-Cl; where bip = biphenyl and en = ethylenediamine) binds strongly to DNA1 and biomolecules. Here we investigate the interaction between Os1-Cl and the model protein, BSA, using ultrahigh resolution Fourier transform-ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometry (FT-ICR MS). The specific binding location of Os1 on BSA was investigated with the use of collisionally activated dissociation (CAD) and electron capture dissociation (ECD). CAD MS/MS was found to dissociate the osmium complex from the metallo-peptide complex readily producing unmodified fragments and losing location information. ECD MS/MS, however, successfully retains the osmium modification on the peptides upon fragmentation allowing localization of metallocomplex binding. This study reveals that lysine is a possible binding location for Os1-Cl, apart from the expected binding sites at methionine, histidine, and cysteine. Using a nano liquid chromatography (nLC)-FT-ICR ECD MS/MS study, multiple binding locations, including the N-terminus and C-terminus of digested peptides, glutamic acid, and lysine were also revealed. These results show the multitargeting binding ability of the organo-osmium compound and can be used as a standard workflow for more complex systems, e.g., metallocomplex-cell MS analysis, to evaluate their behavior toward commonly encountered biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cookson K C Chiu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Yuko P Y Lam
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher A Wootton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Mark P Barrow
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Peter J Sadler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
| | - Peter B O'Connor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Warwick, Gibbet Hill Road, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom
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28
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29
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Carmona M, Ferrer J, Rodríguez R, Passarelli V, Lahoz FJ, García-Orduña P, Cañadillas-Delgado L, Carmona D. Reversible Activation of Water by an Air- and Moisture-Stable Frustrated Rhodium Nitrogen Lewis Pair. Chemistry 2019; 25:13665-13670. [PMID: 31353749 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201902452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 07/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
[Cp*Rh(κ3 N,N',P-L)][SbF6 ] (Cp*=C5 Me5 ), bearing a guanidine-derived phosphano ligand L, behaves as a "dormant" frustrated Lewis pair and activates H2 and H2 O in a reversible manner. When D2 O is employed, a facile H/D exchange at the Cp* ring takes place through sequential C(sp3 )-H bond activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Carmona
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Joaquina Ferrer
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Ricardo Rodríguez
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Vincenzo Passarelli
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.,Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Ctra. Huesca s/n, 50090, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Fernando J Lahoz
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Pilar García-Orduña
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Laura Cañadillas-Delgado
- Centro Universitario de la Defensa, Ctra. Huesca s/n, 50090, Zaragoza, Spain.,Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, Grenoble, 38042, France
| | - Daniel Carmona
- Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Instituto de Síntesis Química y Catálisis Homogénea (ISQCH), CSIC-Universidad de Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
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30
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Tremlett WD, Tong KK, Steel TR, Movassaghi S, Hanif M, Jamieson SM, Söhnel T, Hartinger CG. Hydroxyquinoline-derived anticancer organometallics: Introduction of amphiphilic PTA as an ancillary ligand increases their aqueous solubility. J Inorg Biochem 2019; 199:110768. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jinorgbio.2019.110768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2019] [Revised: 06/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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31
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Swan E, Platts K, Blencowe A. An overview of the cycloaddition chemistry of fulvenes and emerging applications. Beilstein J Org Chem 2019; 15:2113-2132. [PMID: 31579091 PMCID: PMC6753682 DOI: 10.3762/bjoc.15.209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
The unusual electronic properties and unique reactivity of fulvenes have interested researchers for over a century. The propensity to form dipolar structures at relatively low temperatures and to participate as various components in cycloaddition reactions, often highly selectively, makes them ideal for the synthesis of complex polycyclic carbon scaffolds. As a result, fulvene cycloaddition chemistry has been employed extensively for the synthesis of natural products. More recently, fulvene cycloaddition chemistry has also found application to other areas including materials chemistry and dynamic combinatorial chemistry. This highlight article discusses the unusual properties of fulvenes and their varied cycloaddition chemistry, focussing on applications in organic and natural synthesis, dynamic combinatorial chemistry and materials chemistry, including dynamers, hydrogels and charge transfer complexes. Tables providing comprehensive directories of fulvene cycloaddition chemistry are provided, including fulvene intramolecular and intermolecular cycloadditions complete with reactant partners and their resulting cyclic adducts, which provide a useful reference source for synthetic chemists working with fulvenes and complex polycyclic scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ellen Swan
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Kirsten Platts
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia
| | - Anton Blencowe
- School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, The University of South Australia, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia.,Future Industries Institute, The University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia 5095, Australia
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32
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Wootton CA, Millett AJ, Lopez-Clavijo AF, Chiu CKC, Barrow MP, Clarkson GJ, Sadler PJ, O'Connor PB. Structural analysis of peptides modified with organo-iridium complexes, opportunities from multi-mode fragmentation. Analyst 2019; 144:1575-1581. [PMID: 30663751 DOI: 10.1039/c8an02094a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The most widely used anticancer drugs are platinum complexes, but complexes of other transition metals also show promise and may widen the spectrum of activity, reduce side-effects, and overcome resistance. The latter include organo-iridium(iii) 'piano-stool' complexes. To understand their mechanism of action, it is important to discover how they bind to biomolecules and how binding is affected by functionalisation of the ligands bound to iridium. We have characterised, by MS and MS/MS techniques, unusual adducts from reactions between 3 novel iridium(iii) anti-cancer complexes each possessing reactive sites both at the metal (coordination by substitution of a labile chlorido ligand) and on the ligand (covalent bond formation involving imine formation by one or two aldehyde functions). Peptide modification by the metal complex had a drastic effect on both Collisonally Activated Dissociation (CAD) and Electron Capture Dissociation (ECD) MS/MS behaviour, tuning requirements, and fragmentation channels. CAD MS/MS was effective only when studying the covalent condensation products. ECD MS/MS, although hindered by electron-quenching at the Iridium complex site, was suitable for studying many of the species observed, locating the modification sites, and often identifying them to within a single amino acid residue.
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33
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Lv G, Qiu L, Li K, Liu Q, Li X, Peng Y, Wang S, Lin J. Enhancement of therapeutic effect in breast cancer with a steroid-conjugated ruthenium complex. NEW J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04159h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A hybrid metallic prodrug for targeting PR-positive breast cancer therapy was prepared, which revealed significantly in vivo antitumor effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaochao Lv
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Ling Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Ke Li
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Qingzhu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Xi Li
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Ying Peng
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Shijie Wang
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| | - Jianguo Lin
- Key Laboratory of Nuclear Medicine
- Ministry of Health
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular Nuclear Medicine
- Jiangsu Institute of Nuclear Medicine
- Wuxi 214063
| |
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