1
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Sun S, Higham MD, Zhang X, Catlow CRA. Multiscale Investigation of the Mechanism and Selectivity of CO 2 Hydrogenation over Rh(111). ACS Catal 2024; 14:5503-5519. [PMID: 38660604 PMCID: PMC11036393 DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.3c05939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
CO2 hydrogenation over Rh catalysts comprises multiple reaction pathways, presenting a wide range of possible intermediates and end products, with selectivity toward either CO or methane being of particular interest. We investigate in detail the reaction mechanism of CO2 hydrogenation to the single-carbon (C1) products on the Rh(111) facet by performing periodic density functional theory (DFT) calculations and kinetic Monte Carlo (kMC) simulations, which account for the adsorbate interactions through a cluster expansion approach. We observe that Rh readily facilitates the dissociation of hydrogen, thus contributing to the subsequent hydrogenation processes. The reverse water-gas shift (RWGS) reaction occurs via three different reaction pathways, with CO hydrogenation to the COH intermediate being a key step for CO2 methanation. The effects of temperature, pressure, and the composition ratio of the gas reactant feed are considered. Temperature plays a pivotal role in determining the surface coverage and adsorbate composition, with competitive adsorption between CO and H species influencing the product distribution. The observed adlayer configurations indicate that the adsorbed CO species are separated by adsorbed H atoms, with a high ratio of H to CO coverage on the Rh(111) surface being essential to promote CO2 methanation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijia Sun
- Kathleen
Lonsdale Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - Michael D. Higham
- Kathleen
Lonsdale Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- Research
Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Harwell, Oxon OX11 0FA, United Kingdom
| | - Xingfan Zhang
- Kathleen
Lonsdale Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
| | - C. Richard A. Catlow
- Kathleen
Lonsdale Materials Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, University College London, London WC1H 0AJ, United Kingdom
- Research
Complex at Harwell, Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Harwell, Oxon OX11 0FA, United Kingdom
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 1AT, United
Kingdom
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2
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Sarabadani Tafreshi S, Ranjbar M, Jamaati M, Panahi SFKS, Taghizade N, Torkashvand M, de Leeuw NH. Carbon dioxide hydrogenation over the carbon-terminated niobium carbide (111) surface: a density functional theory study. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:2498-2509. [PMID: 36602090 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04749g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Carbon dioxide (CO2) hydrogenation is an energetic process which could be made more efficient through the use of effective catalysts, for example transition metal carbides. Here, we have employed calculations based on the density functional theory (DFT) to evaluate the reaction processes of CO2 hydrogenation to methane (CH4), carbon monoxide (CO), methanol (CH3OH), formaldehyde (CH2O), and formic acid (HCOOH) over the carbon-terminated niobium carbide (111) surface. First, we have studied the adsorption geometries and energies of 25 different surface-adsorbed species, followed by calculations of all of the elementary steps in the CO2 hydrogenation process. The theoretical findings indicate that the NbC (111) surface has higher catalytic activity towards CO2 methanation, releasing 4.902 eV in energy. CO represents the second-most preferred product, followed by CH3OH, CH2O, and HCOOH, all of which have exothermic reaction energies of 4.107, 2.435, 1.090, and 0.163 eV, respectively. Except for the mechanism that goes through HCOOH to produce CH2O, all favourable hydrogenation reactions lead to desired compounds through the creation of the dihydroxycarbene (HOCOH) intermediate. Along these routes, CH3* hydrogenation to CH4* has the highest endothermic reaction energy of 3.105 eV, while CO production from HCO dehydrogenation causes the highest exothermic reaction energy of -3.049 eV. The surface-adsorbed CO2 hydrogenation intermediates have minimal effect on the electronic structure and interact only weakly with the surface. Our results are consistent with experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeedeh Sarabadani Tafreshi
- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), No. 350, Hafez Avenue, 1591634311 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mahkameh Ranjbar
- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), No. 350, Hafez Avenue, 1591634311 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Maryam Jamaati
- Department of Physics, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, 16846-13114 Tehran, Iran
| | - S F K S Panahi
- Department of Physics, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, 16846-13114 Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Taghizade
- Department of Physics, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, 16846-13114 Tehran, Iran
| | - Mostafa Torkashvand
- Department of Chemistry, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), No. 350, Hafez Avenue, 1591634311 Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nora H de Leeuw
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, LT2 9JT Leeds, UK. .,Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, 3584 CB Utrecht, The Netherlands
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3
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Bellomi S, Barlocco I, Chen X, Delgado JJ, Arrigo R, Dimitratos N, Roldan A, Villa A. Enhanced stability of sub-nanometric iridium decorated graphitic carbon nitride for H 2 production upon hydrous hydrazine decomposition. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:1081-1095. [PMID: 36520142 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp04387d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Stabilizing metal nanoparticles is vital for large scale implementations of supported metal catalysts, particularly for a sustainable transition to clean energy, e.g., H2 production. In this work, iridium sub-nanometric particles were deposited on commercial graphite and on graphitic carbon nitride by a wet impregnation method to investigate the metal-support interaction during the hydrous hydrazine decomposition reaction. To establish a structure-activity relationship, samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The catalytic performance of the synthesized materials was evaluated under mild reaction conditions, i.e. 323 K and ambient pressure. The results showed that graphitic carbon nitride (GCN) enhances the stability of Ir nanoparticles compared to graphite, while maintaining remarkable activity and selectivity. Simulation techniques including Genetic Algorithm geometry screening and electronic structure analyses were employed to provide a valuable atomic level understanding of the metal-support interactions. N anchoring sites of GCN were found to minimise the thermodynamic driving force of coalescence, thus improving the catalyst stability, as well as to lead charge redistributions in the cluster improving the resistance to poisoning by decomposition intermediates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvio Bellomi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Barlocco
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Xiaowei Chen
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales, Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, Puerto Real (Cádiz) E-11510, Spain
| | - Juan J Delgado
- Departamento de Ciencia de los Materiales, Ingeniería Metalúrgica y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Cádiz, Campus Río San Pedro, Puerto Real (Cádiz) E-11510, Spain
| | - Rosa Arrigo
- School of Science, Engineering and Environment, University of Salford, M5 4WT, Manchester, UK
| | - Nikolaos Dimitratos
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale "Toso Montanari", Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40126, Italy.,Center for Chemical Catalysis-C3, Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Alberto Roldan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Alberto Villa
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
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4
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Ranjan P, Saptal VB, Bera JK. Recent Advances in Carbon Dioxide Adsorption, Activation and Hydrogenation to Methanol using Transition Metal Carbides. CHEMSUSCHEM 2022; 15:e202201183. [PMID: 36036640 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202201183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The inevitable emission of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) due to the burning of a substantial amount of fossil fuels has led to serious energy and environmental challenges. Metal-based catalytic CO2 transformations into commodity chemicals are a favorable approach in the CO2 mitigation strategy. Among these transformations, selective hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol is the most promising process that not only fulfils the energy demands but also re-balances the carbon cycle. The investigation of CO2 adsorption on the surface of heterogeneous catalyst is highly important because the formation of various intermediates which determines the selectivity of product. Transition metal carbides (TMCs) have received considerable attention in recent years because of their noble metal-like reactivity, ceramic-like properties, high chemical and thermal stability. These features make them excellent catalytic materials for a variety of transformations such as CO2 adsorption and its conversion into value-added chemicals. Herein, the catalytic properties of TMCs are summarize along with synthetic methods, CO2 binding modes, mechanistic studies, effects of dopant on CO2 adsorption, and carbon/metal ratio in the CO2 hydrogenation reaction to methanol using computational as well as experimental studies. Additionally, this Review provides an outline of the challenges and opportunities for the development of potential TMCs in CO2 hydrogenation reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabodh Ranjan
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Vitthal B Saptal
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
| | - Jitendra K Bera
- Department of Chemistry and Center for Environmental Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur, 208016, India
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5
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Santos-Carballal D, de Leeuw NH. Catalytic formation of oxalic acid on the partially oxidised greigite Fe 3S 4(001) surface. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:20104-20124. [PMID: 35983830 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp00333c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Greigite (Fe3S4), with its ferredoxin-like 4Fe-4S redox centres, is a naturally occurring mineral capable of acting as a catalyst in the conversion of carbon dioxide (CO2) into low molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs), which are of paramount significance in several soil and plant processes as well as in the chemical industry. In this paper, we report the reaction between CO2 and water (H2O) to form oxalic acid (H2C2O4) on the partially oxidised greigite Fe3S4(001) surface by means of spin-polarised density functional theory calculations with on-site Coulomb corrections and long-range dispersion interactions (DFT+U-D2). We have calculated the bulk phase of Fe3S4 and the two reconstructed Tasker type 3 terminations of its (001) surface, whose properties are in good agreement with available experimental data. We have obtained the relevant phase diagram, showing that the Fe3S4(001) surface becomes 62.5% partially oxidised, by replacing S by O atoms, in the presence of water at the typical conditions of calcination [Mitchell et al. Faraday Discuss. 2021, 230, 30-51]. The adsorption and co-adsorption of the reactants on the partially oxidised Fe3S4(001) surface are exothermic processes. We have considered three mechanistic pathways to explain the formation of H2C2O4, showing that the coupling of the C-C bond and second protonation are the elementary steps with the largest energy penalty. Our calculations suggest that the partially oxidised Fe3S4(001) surface is a mineral phase that can catalyse the formation of H2C2O4 under favourable conditions, which has important implications for natural ecosystems and is a process that can be harnessed for the industrial manufacture of this organic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nora H de Leeuw
- School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK. .,Department of Earth Sciences, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 8A, 3584 CD Utrecht, The Netherlands.
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6
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Jimenez-Orozco C, Figueras M, Flórez E, Viñes F, Rodriguez JA, Illas F. Effect of nanostructuring on the interaction of CO 2 with molybdenum carbide nanoparticles. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:16556-16565. [PMID: 35770743 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01143c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transition metal carbides are increasingly used as catalysts for the transformation of CO2 into useful chemicals. Recently, the effect of nanostructuring of such carbides has started to gain relevance in tailoring their catalytic capabilities. Catalytic materials based on molybdenum carbide nanoparticles (MoCy) have shown a remarkable ability to bind CO2 at room temperature and to hydrogenate it into oxygenates or light alkanes. However, the involved chemistry is largely unknown. In the present work, a systematic computational study is presented aiming to elucidate the chemistry behind the bonding of CO2 with a representative set of MoCy nanoparticles of increasing size, including stoichiometric and non-stoichiometric cases. The obtained results provide clear trends to tune the catalytic activity of these systems and to move towards more efficient CO2 transformation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Jimenez-Orozco
- Universidad de Medellín, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Grupo de Materiales con Impacto (Mat&mpac), Carrera 87 No 30-65, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Marc Figueras
- Universitat de Barcelona, Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física & Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), c/Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Elizabeth Flórez
- Universidad de Medellín, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Grupo de Materiales con Impacto (Mat&mpac), Carrera 87 No 30-65, Medellín, Colombia.
| | - Francesc Viñes
- Universitat de Barcelona, Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física & Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), c/Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
| | - José A Rodriguez
- Brookhaven National Laboratory, Chemistry Division, Upton, New York 11973, USA
| | - Francesc Illas
- Universitat de Barcelona, Departament de Ciència de Materials i Química Física & Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), c/Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
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7
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Silveri F, Quesne MG, Viñes F, Illas F, Catlow CRA, de Leeuw NH. Catalytic Reduction of Carbon Dioxide on the (001), (011), and (111) Surfaces of TiC and ZrC: A Computational Study. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2022; 126:5138-5150. [PMID: 35359814 PMCID: PMC8958596 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c10180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
We present a computational study of the activity and selectivity of early transition-metal carbides as carbon dioxide reduction catalysts. We analyze the effects of the adsorption of CO2 and H2 on the (001), (011), and metal-terminated (111) surfaces of TiC and ZrC, as carbon dioxide undergoes either dissociation to CO or hydrogenation to COOH or HCOO. The relative stabilities of the three reduction intermediates and the activation energies for their formation allow the identification of favored pathways on each surface, which are examined as they lead to the release of CO, HCOOH, CH3OH, and CH4, thereby also characterizing the activity and selectivity of the two materials. Reaction energetics implicate HCO as the key common intermediate on all surfaces studied and rule out the release of formaldehyde. Surface hydroxylation is shown to be highly selective toward methane production as the formation of methanol is hindered on all surfaces by its barrierless conversion to CO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrizio Silveri
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
- Departament
de Ciència de Materials i Química Física and
Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
- Gemmate
Technologies s.r.l., via Reano, 31, 10090 Buttigliera Alta, TO, Italy
- . Tel: +393791822311
| | - Matthew G. Quesne
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
- UK
Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, U.K.
| | - Francesc Viñes
- Departament
de Ciència de Materials i Química Física and
Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Illas
- Departament
de Ciència de Materials i Química Física and
Institut de Química Teòrica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Universitat de Barcelona, c/ Martí i Franquès 1-11, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - C. Richard A. Catlow
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
- UK
Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton
Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, U.K.
- Department
of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon Street, London WC1 HOAJ, U.K.
| | - Nora H. de Leeuw
- School
of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, U.K.
- School of
Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, U.K.
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8
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Barlocco I, Bellomi S, Tumiati S, Fumagalli P, Dimitratos N, Roldan A, Villa A. Selective decomposition of hydrazine over metal free carbonaceous materials. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:3017-3029. [PMID: 35037926 DOI: 10.1039/d1cp05179b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein we report a combined experimental and computational investigation unravelling the hydrazine hydrate decomposition reaction on metal-free catalysts. The study focuses on commercial graphite and two different carbon nanofibers, pyrolytically stripped (CNF-PS) and high heat-treated (CNF-HHT), respectively, treated at 700 and 3000 °C to increase their intrinsic defects. Raman spectroscopy demonstrated a correlation between the initial catalytic activity and the intrinsic defectiveness of carbonaceous materials. CNF-PS with higher defectivity (ID/IG = 1.54) was found to be the best performing metal-free catalyst, showing a hydrazine conversion of 94% after 6 hours of reaction and a selectivity to H2 of 89%. In addition, to unveil the role of NaOH, CNF-PS was also tested in the absence of alkaline solution, showing a decrease in the reaction rate and selectivity to H2. Density functional theory (DFT) demonstrated that the single vacancies (SV) present on the graphitic layer are the only active sites promoting hydrazine decomposition, whereas other defects such as double vacancy (DV) and Stone-Wales (SW) defects are unable to adsorb hydrazine fragments. Two symmetrical and one asymmetrical dehydrogenation pathways were found, in addition to an incomplete decomposition pathway forming N2 and NH3. On the most stable hydrogen production pathway, the effect of the alkaline medium was elucidated through calculations concerning the diffusion and recombination of atomic hydrogen. Indeed, the presence of NaOH helps the extraction of H species without additional energetic barriers, as opposed to the calculations performed in a polarizable continuum medium. Considering the initial hydrazine dissociative adsorption, the first step of the dehydrogenation pathway is more favourable than the scission of the N-N bond, which leads to NH3 as the product. This first reaction step is crucial to define the reaction mechanisms and the computational results are in agreement with the experimental ones. Moreover, comparing two different hydrogen production pathways (with and without diffusion and recombination), we confirmed that the presence of sodium hydroxide in the experimental reaction environment can modify the energy gap between the two pathways, leading to an increased reaction rate and selectivity to H2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Barlocco
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano I-20133, Italy.
| | - Silvio Bellomi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano I-20133, Italy.
| | - Simone Tumiati
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra Ardito Desio, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 34, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - Patrizia Fumagalli
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra Ardito Desio, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Mangiagalli 34, Milano I-20133, Italy
| | - Nikolaos Dimitratos
- Dipartimento di Chimica Industriale e dei Materiali, ALMA MATER STUDIORUM Università di Bologna, Viale Risorgimento 4, Bologna 40136, Italy
| | - Alberto Roldan
- Cardiff Catalysis Institute, School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, CF10 3AT, Cardiff, UK.
| | - Alberto Villa
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, Milano I-20133, Italy.
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9
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Sarabadani Tafreshi S, Ranjbar M, Taghizade N, Panahi SFKS, Jamaati M, de Leeuw NH. A first-principles study of CO2 hydrogenation on Niobium-terminated NbC (111) surface. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202100781. [PMID: 35040247 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
As a promising material for the reduction of Greenhouse gas, Transition metal carbides which are highly active in the hydrogenation of CO2 are mainly considered. In this regard, the reaction mechanism of CO2 hydrogenation to useful products on the Nb-terminated NbC (111) surface is investigated by applying density functional theory calculations. The computational results display that formation of CH4 , CH3OH and CO are more favored than other compounds, where CH4 is the dominant product. In addition, the findings from reaction energies reveal that the preferred mechanism for CO2 hydrogenation is thorough HCOOH * where the largest exothermic reaction energy releases during HCOOH * dissociation reaction (2.004eV). The preferred mechanism of CO2 hydrogenation towards CH 4 production is CO2 *→ t,c-COOH *→ HCOOH *→ HCO *→ CH2O *→ CH2OH *→ CH2 *→ CH3 *→ CH4 * where CO2 * → t,c-COOH * → HCOOH * → HCO * → CH2O * → CH2OH * → CH3OH * and CO2 * → t,c-COOH * → CO * are also found as the favored mechanisms for CH3 OH and CO productions thermodynamically, respectively. During the mentioned mechanisms the hydrogenation of CH2O * to CH2OH * has the largest endothermic reaction energy of 1.344 eV. It is also found from the electronic properties calculations that Nb-terminated NbC (111) is a suitable catalyst for CO2 hydrogenation where adsorption and activation of CO2 and also desorption of final products can be easily done on the surface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahkameh Ranjbar
- Amirkabir University of Technology, chemistry, IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)
| | - Narges Taghizade
- Iran University of Science and Technology School of Physics, physics, IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)
| | - S F K S Panahi
- Iran University of Science and Technology School of Physics, physics, IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)
| | - Maryam Jamaati
- Iran University of Science and Technology School of Physics, physics, IRAN (ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF)
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10
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Li Y, Fang Z, Zhou H, Li Y, Wang B, Huang S, Lin W, Chen WK, Zhang Y. Theoretical Insights into Synergistic Effects at Cu/TiC Interfaces for Promoting CO 2 Activation. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:27259-27270. [PMID: 34693146 PMCID: PMC8529663 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/23/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The adsorption behaviors of CO2 at the Cu n /TiC(001) interfaces (n = 1-8) have been investigated using the density functional theory method. Our results reveal that the introduction of copper clusters on a TiC surface can significantly improve the thermodynamic stability of CO2 chemisorption. However, the most stable adsorption site is sensitive to the size and morphology of Cu n particles. The interfacial configuration is the most stable structure for copper clusters with small (n ≤ 2) and large (n ≥ 8) sizes, in which both Cu particles and TiC support are involved in CO2 activation. In such a case, the synergistic behavior is associated with the ligand effect introduced by directly forming adsorption bonds with CO2. For those Cu n clusters with a medium size (n = 3-7), the configuration where CO2 adsorbs solely on the exposed hollow site constructed by Cu atoms at the interface shows the best stability, and the charger transfer becomes the primary origin of the synergistic effect in promoting CO2 activation. Since the most obvious deformation of CO2 is observed for the TiC(001)-surface-supported Cu4 and Cu7 particles, copper clusters with specific sizes of n = 4 and 7 exhibit the best ability for CO2 activation. Furthermore, the kinetic barriers for CO2 dissociation on Cu4- and Cu7-supported TiC surfaces are determined. The findings obtained in this work provide useful insights into optimizing the Cu/TiC interface with high catalytic activation of CO2 by precisely controlling the size and dispersion of copper particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Zhongpu Fang
- State
Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Hegen Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
- College
of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Yichun University, Yichun, Jiangxi 336000, China
| | - Yi Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
- Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Bin Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Shuping Huang
- State
Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
| | - Wei Lin
- State
Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
- Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Wen-Kai Chen
- State
Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
- Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
| | - Yongfan Zhang
- State
Key Laboratory of Photocatalysis on Energy and Environment, College
of Chemistry, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, Fujian 350116, China
- Fujian
Provincial Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry, Xiamen, Fujian 361005, China
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Parey V, Abraham BM, Mir SH, Singh JK. High-Throughput Screening of Atomic Defects in MXenes for CO 2 Capture, Activation, and Dissociation. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:35585-35594. [PMID: 34309371 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c05742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The capture, activation, and dissociation of carbon dioxide (CO2) is of fundamental interest to overcome the ramifications of the greenhouse effect. In this regard, high-throughput screening of two-dimensional MXenes has been examined using well-resolved first-principles simulations through DFT-D3 dispersion correction. We systematically investigated different types of structural defects to understand their influence on the performance of M2X-type MXenes. Defect calculations demonstrate that the formation of M2C(VMC) and M2N(VMN) vacancies require higher energy, while M2C(VC) and M2N(VN) vacancies are favorable to form during the synthesis of M2X-type MXenes. The M2X-type MXenes from group III to VII series show remarkable behavior for active capturing of CO2, especially group IV (Ti2X and Zr2X) MXenes exhibit unprecedentedly high adsorption energies and charge transfer (>2e) from M2X to CO2. The potential CO2 capture, activation, and dissociation abilities of MXenes are emanated from Dewar interactions involving hybridization between π orbitals of CO2 and metal d-orbitals. Our high-throughput screening demonstrates chemisorption of CO2 on pure and defective MXenes, followed by dissociation into CO and O species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanshree Parey
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - B Moses Abraham
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Showkat H Mir
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
| | - Jayant K Singh
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur 208016, India
- Prescience Insilico Private Limited, Bangalore 560049, India
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Quesne MG, Catlow CRA, de Leeuw NH. How bulk and surface properties of Ti 4SiC 3, V 4SiC 3, Nb 4SiC 3 and Zr 4SiC 3 tune reactivity: a computational study. Faraday Discuss 2021; 230:87-99. [PMID: 33960357 DOI: 10.1039/d1fd00004g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We present several in silico insights into the MAX-phase of early transition metal silicon carbides and explore how these affect carbon dioxide hydrogenation. Periodic density functional methodology is applied to models of Ti4SiC3, V4SiC3, Nb4SiC3 and Zr4SiC3. We find that silicon and carbon terminations are unstable, with sintering occurring in vacuum and significant reconstruction taking place under an oxidising environment. In contrast, the metal terminated surfaces are highly stable and very active towards CO2 reduction. However, we predict that under reaction conditions these surfaces are likely to be oxidised. These results are compared to studies on comparable materials and we predict optimal values for hydrogen evolution and CO2 reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Quesne
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK. and UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK
| | - C Richard A Catlow
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK. and UK Catalysis Hub, Research Complex at Harwell, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Didcot, Oxfordshire OX11 0FA, UK and Department of Chemistry, University College London, 20 Gordon St., London WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Nora H de Leeuw
- School of Chemistry, Cardiff University, Main Building, Park Place, Cardiff CF10 3AT, UK. and School of Chemistry, University of Leeds, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK
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Mondal U, Ghosh P. Role of geometry, charge and fluxionality of clusters in CO2 activation on supported sub-nanometer metal clusters: The case of Cu tetramers on pristine and O-terminated MXene. Catal Today 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cattod.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Barlocco I, Capelli S, Lu X, Tumiati S, Dimitratos N, Roldan A, Villa A. Role of defects in carbon materials during metal-free formic acid dehydrogenation. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:22768-22777. [PMID: 33174567 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr05774f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Commercial graphite (GP), graphite oxide (GO), and two carbon nanofibers (CNF-PR24-PS and CNF-PR24-LHT) were used as catalysts for the metal-free dehydrogenation reaction of formic acid (FA) in the liquid phase. Raman and XPS spectroscopy demonstrated that the activity is directly correlated with the defectiveness of the carbon material (GO > CNF-PR24-PS > CNF-PR24-LHT > GP). Strong deactivation phenomena were observed for all the catalysts after 5 minutes of reaction. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations demonstrated that the single vacancies present on the graphitic layers are the only active sites for FA dehydrogenation, while other defects, such as double vacancies and Stone-Wales (SW) defects, rarely adsorb FA molecules. Two different reaction pathways were found, one passing through a carboxyl species and the other through a hydroxymethylene intermediate. In both mechanisms, the active sites were poisoned by an intermediate species such as CO and atomic hydrogen, explaining the catalyst deactivation observed in the experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Barlocco
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, via Golgi 19, I-20133 Milano, Italy.
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T. AM, Kuriakose N, Mondal K, Ghosh P. CO2 capture, activation and dissociation on the Ti2C surface and Ti2C MXene: the role of surface structure. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2020; 22:14599-14612. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cp01700k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Barrier-less CO2 activation on Ti2C(100) and MXene with preferential adsorption on the (100) surface and a lower dissociation barrier on MXene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aswathi Mohan T.
- Department of Chemistry
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Pune
- India
| | - Nishamol Kuriakose
- Department of Physics
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Pune
- India
| | - Krishnakanta Mondal
- Department of Physics
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Pune
- India
| | - Prasenjit Ghosh
- Department of Physics
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research
- Pune
- India
- Centre for Energy Sciences
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Higham MD, Quesne MG, Catlow CRA. Mechanism of CO2 conversion to methanol over Cu(110) and Cu(100) surfaces. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:8478-8497. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt00754d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Density functional methods are applied to explore the reaction mechanism for CO2 hydrogenation to methanol over low-index Cu surfaces, namely Cu(110) and Cu(100).
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D. Higham
- Research Complex at Harwell
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
- Oxon
- UK
- Cardiff University
| | - Matthew G. Quesne
- Research Complex at Harwell
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
- Oxon
- UK
- Cardiff University
| | - C. Richard A. Catlow
- Research Complex at Harwell
- Rutherford Appleton Laboratory
- Oxon
- UK
- Cardiff University
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