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Sen R, Goeppert A, Surya Prakash GK. Homogeneous Hydrogenation of CO 2 and CO to Methanol: The Renaissance of Low-Temperature Catalysis in the Context of the Methanol Economy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202207278. [PMID: 35921247 PMCID: PMC9825957 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202207278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
The traditional economy based on carbon-intensive fuels and materials has led to an exponential rise in anthropogenic CO2 emissions. Outpacing the natural carbon cycle, atmospheric CO2 levels increased by 50 % since the pre-industrial age and can be directly linked to global warming. Being at the core of the proposed methanol economy pioneered by the late George A. Olah, the chemical recycling of CO2 to produce methanol, a green fuel and feedstock, is a prime channel to achieve carbon neutrality. In this direction, homogeneous catalytic systems have lately been a major focus for methanol synthesis from CO2 , CO and their derivatives as potential low-temperature alternatives to the commercial processes. This Review provides an account of this rapidly growing field over the past decade, since its resurgence in 2011. Based on the critical assessment of the progress thus far, the present key challenges in this field have been highlighted and potential directions have been suggested for practically viable applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raktim Sen
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Southern CaliforniaUniversity ParkLos AngelesCA90089-1661USA
| | - Alain Goeppert
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Southern CaliforniaUniversity ParkLos AngelesCA90089-1661USA
| | - G. K. Surya Prakash
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of ChemistryUniversity of Southern CaliforniaUniversity ParkLos AngelesCA90089-1661USA
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2
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Prakash SG, Sen R, Goeppert A. Homogeneous Hydrogenation of CO2 and CO to Methanol: The Renaissance of Low Temperature Catalysis in the Context of the Methanol Economy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202207278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Surya G. Prakash
- University of Southern California Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute 837 Bloom WalkUniversity Park 90089-1661 Los Angeles UNITED STATES
| | - Raktim Sen
- University of Southern California Loker Hydrocarbon Res. Inst., and Department box Chemistry UNITED STATES
| | - Alain Goeppert
- University of Southern California Loker Hydrocarbon Res. Inst., and Department of Chemistry UNITED STATES
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3
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Singh T, Jalwal S, Chakraborty S. Homogeneous First‐row Transition Metal Catalyzed Carbon dioxide Hydrogenation to Formic acid/Formate, and Methanol. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202200330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tushar Singh
- IIT Jodhpur: Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Chemistry INDIA
| | - Sachin Jalwal
- IIT Jodhpur: Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Chemistry INDIA
| | - Subrata Chakraborty
- Indian Institute of Technology Jodhpur Chemistry Department of ChemistryNH62, Nagaur RoadKarwar 342037 Jodhpur INDIA
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4
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Paul B, Maji M, Panja D, Kundu S. Cobalt Catalyzed N‐Methylation of Amides using Methanol. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskar Paul
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh (U.P. India
- Department of Chemistry University of California at Riverside Riverside California 92521 United States
| | - Milan Maji
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh (U.P. India
| | - Dibyajyoti Panja
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh (U.P. India
| | - Sabuj Kundu
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208016 Uttar Pradesh (U.P. India
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5
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Ghosh P, Jacobi von Wangelin A. Manganese‐Catalyzed Hydroborations with Broad Scope. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202103550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Ghosh
- Dept. of Chemistry University of Hamburg Martin Luther King Pl 6 20146 Hamburg Germany
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6
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Ghosh P, Jacobi von Wangelin A. Manganese-Catalyzed Hydroborations with Broad Scope. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:16035-16043. [PMID: 33894033 PMCID: PMC8362021 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202103550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Reductive transformations of easily available oxidized matter are at the heart of synthetic manipulation and chemical valorization. The applications of catalytic hydrofunctionalization benefit from the use of liquid reducing agents and operationally facile setups. Metal‐catalyzed hydroborations provide a highly prolific platform for reductive valorizations of stable C=X electrophiles. Here, we report an especially facile, broad‐scope reduction of various functions including carbonyls, carboxylates, pyridines, carbodiimides, and carbonates under very mild conditions with the inexpensive pre‐catalyst Mn(hmds)2. The reaction could be successfully applied to depolymerizations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradip Ghosh
- Dept. of Chemistry, University of Hamburg, Martin Luther King Pl 6, 20146, Hamburg, Germany
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7
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Bai ST, De Smet G, Liao Y, Sun R, Zhou C, Beller M, Maes BUW, Sels BF. Homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts for hydrogenation of CO2 to methanol under mild conditions. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:4259-4298. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs01331e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes the concepts, mechanisms, drawbacks and challenges of the state-of-the-art catalysis for CO2 to MeOH under mild conditions. Thoughtful guidelines and principles for future research are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shao-Tao Bai
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering
- KU Leuven
- 3001 Heverlee
- Belgium
| | - Gilles De Smet
- Division of Organic Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Antwerp
- B-2020 Antwerp
- Belgium
| | - Yuhe Liao
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering
- KU Leuven
- 3001 Heverlee
- Belgium
| | - Ruiyan Sun
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering
- KU Leuven
- 3001 Heverlee
- Belgium
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering
- KU Leuven
- 3001 Heverlee
- Belgium
| | | | - Bert U. W. Maes
- Division of Organic Synthesis
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Antwerp
- B-2020 Antwerp
- Belgium
| | - Bert F. Sels
- Center for Sustainable Catalysis and Engineering
- KU Leuven
- 3001 Heverlee
- Belgium
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8
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Dahiya P, Gangwar MK, Sundararaju B. Well‐defined Cp*Co(III)‐catalyzed Hydrogenation of Carbonates and Polycarbonates. ChemCatChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202001490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pardeep Dahiya
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208 016 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Manoj Kumar Gangwar
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208 016 Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Basker Sundararaju
- Department of Chemistry Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur Kanpur 208 016 Uttar Pradesh India
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Kothandaraman J, Heldebrant DJ. Catalytic coproduction of methanol and glycol in one pot from epoxide, CO 2, and H 2. RSC Adv 2020; 10:42557-42563. [PMID: 35516757 PMCID: PMC9057970 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra09459e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/10/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
An atom (100%) and energy-efficient approach to coproduce two commodity chemicals, methanol and glycol, has been demonstrated for the first time using H2, CO2, and epoxide as feeds. A basic medium used for CO2 capture, polyethyleneimine (PEI600), is shown to facilitate the formation of a key reaction intermediate, cyclic carbonates. Upon hydrogenation of cyclic carbonates in the presence of a homogenous Ru-PNP catalyst, a 1 : 1 mixture of methanol and glycol is produced. This approach has been demonstrated in one pot by adding all the required reactants directly or stepwise. The stepwise addition of reactants resulted in good yields (>95% for PG and 84% for methanol) and selectivity of products. An atom (100%) and energy-efficient approach to coproduce two commodity chemicals, methanol and glycol, has been demonstrated for the first time using H2, CO2, and epoxide as feeds.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jotheeswari Kothandaraman
- Energy Processes and Materials Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington 99352 USA
| | - David J Heldebrant
- Energy Processes and Materials Division, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Richland Washington 99352 USA .,Department of Chemical Engineering, Washington State University Pullman WA 99164 USA
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Gradiski MV, Kharat AN, Ong MSE, Lough AJ, Smith SAM, Morris RH. A One-Step Preparation of Tetradentate Ligands with Nitrogen and Phosphorus Donors by Reductive Amination and Representative Iron Complexes. Inorg Chem 2020; 59:11041-11053. [PMID: 32687329 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.0c01535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The synthesis and use of the first examples of unsymmetrical, mixed phosphine donor tripodal NPP2' ligands N(CH2CH2PR2)2(CH2CH2PPh2) are presented. The ligands are synthesized via a convenient, one pot reductive amination using 2-(diphenylphosphino)ethylamine and various substituted phosphonium dimers in order to introduce mixed phosphine donors substituted with P/P', those being Ph/Cy (2), Ph/iPr (3), Ph/iBu (4), Ph/o-Tol (5), and Ph/p-Tol (6). Additionally, we have developed the first known synthesis of a symmetrical tripodal NP3 ligand N(CH2CH2PiBu2)3 using bench safe ammonium acetate as the lone nitrogen source (7). This new protocol eliminates the use of extremely dangerous nitrogen mustard reagents typically required to synthesize NP3 ligands. Some of these tetradentate ligands and also P2NN' ligands N(CH2-o-C5H4N)(CH2CH2PR2)2 (P2NN'-Cy, R = Cy; P2NN'-Ph, R = Ph) prepared by reductive amination using 2-picolylamine are used in the synthesis and reactions of iron complexes. FeCl2(P2NN'-Cy) (8) undergoes single halide abstraction with NaBPh4 to give the trigonal bipyramidal complex [FeCl(P2NN'-Cy)][BPh4] (9). Upon exposure to CO(g), complex 9 readily coordinates CO giving [FeCl(P2NN'-Cy)(CO)][BPh4] (10), and further treatment with an excess of NaBH4 results in formation of the hydride complex [Fe(H)(P2NN'-Cy)(CO)][BPh4] (11). Our previously reported complex FeCl2(P2NN'-Ph) undergoes double halide abstraction with NaBPh4 in the presence of the coordinating solvent to give [Fe(NCMe)2(P2NN'-Ph)][BPh4]2 (12). Ligand 3 can be coordinated to FeCl2, and upon sequential halide abstraction, treatment with NaBH4, and exposure to an atmosphere of dinitrogen, the dinitrogen hydride complex [Fe(H)(NPP2'-iPr)(N2)][BPh4] (13) is isolated. Our symmetrical NP3 ligand 7 can also be coordinated to FeCl2 and, upon exposure to an atmosphere of CO(g), selectively forms [FeCl(NP3)(CO)][BPh4] (14) after salt metathesis with NaBPh4. Complex 14 can be treated with an excess of NaBH4 to give the hydride complex [Fe(H)(NP3)(CO)][BPh4] (15), which can further be deprotonated/reduced to the Fe(0) complex Fe(NP3)(CO) (16) upon treatment with an excess of KH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew V Gradiski
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
| | - Ali Nemati Kharat
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maegan S E Ong
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
| | - Alan J Lough
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
| | - Samantha A M Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
| | - Robert H Morris
- Department of Chemistry, University of Toronto, 80 Saint George St., Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5S 3H6
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Murugesan K, Wei Z, Chandrashekhar VG, Jiao H, Beller M, Jagadeesh RV. General and selective synthesis of primary amines using Ni-based homogeneous catalysts. Chem Sci 2020; 11:4332-4339. [PMID: 34122891 PMCID: PMC8152594 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc01084g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of base metal catalysts for industrially relevant amination and hydrogenation reactions by applying abundant and atom economical reagents continues to be important for the cost-effective and sustainable synthesis of amines which represent highly essential chemicals. In particular, the synthesis of primary amines is of central importance because these compounds serve as key precursors and central intermediates to produce value-added fine and bulk chemicals as well as pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals and materials. Here we report a Ni-triphos complex as the first Ni-based homogeneous catalyst for both reductive amination of carbonyl compounds with ammonia and hydrogenation of nitroarenes to prepare all kinds of primary amines. Remarkably, this Ni-complex enabled the synthesis of functionalized and structurally diverse benzylic, heterocyclic and aliphatic linear and branched primary amines as well as aromatic primary amines starting from inexpensive and easily accessible carbonyl compounds (aldehydes and ketones) and nitroarenes using ammonia and molecular hydrogen. This Ni-catalyzed reductive amination methodology has been applied for the amination of more complex pharmaceuticals and steroid derivatives. Detailed DFT computations have been performed for the Ni-triphos based reductive amination reaction, and they revealed that the overall reaction has an inner-sphere mechanism with H2 metathesis as the rate-determining step. A Ni-triphos based homogeneous catalyst enabled the synthesis of all kinds of primary amines by reductive amination of carbonyl compounds with ammonia and hydrogenation of nitroarenes.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathiravan Murugesan
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Albert Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Zhihong Wei
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Albert Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | | | - Haijun Jiao
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Albert Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
| | - Matthias Beller
- Leibniz-Institut für Katalyse e. V. Albert Einstein-Str. 29a 18059 Rostock Germany
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12
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Li J, Wang L, Hui X, Zhang C, Cao Y, Xu S, He P, Li H. Effective hydrogenation of carbonates to produce methanol over a ternary Cu/Zn/Al catalyst. RSC Adv 2020; 10:13083-13094. [PMID: 35492127 PMCID: PMC9051381 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra00347f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Methanol synthesized from carbonate hydrogenation is of great importance for CO2 utilization indirectly. Herein, a series of Cu/Zn/Al heterogeneous catalysts were prepared by co-precipitation with a synchronous aging step, and were applied for hydrogenation of diethyl carbonate (DEC) to produce methanol. Furthermore, the catalysts were characterized by physicochemical methods, such as N2 adsorption, ICP-OES, N2O titration, SEM, TEM, XRD, H2-TPR and XPS in detail. Higher copper concentration led to a higher ratio of bulk CuOx species in the calcined samples, which resulted in different copper species distribution after the reduction process. Structure activity relationship analysis indicated that the balance of surface Cu0 and Cu+ species influenced the formation rate of methanol. A higher proportion of Cu+ to (Cu+ + Cu0) was conductive to methanol formation, while excessive Cu0 site density played a negative influence on the methanol synthesized from DEC. Cu/Zn/Al with a 45.2% weight fraction of copper showed better performance with a total methanol formation rate of 131.0 mg gcat.−1 h−1. The reaction temperature and reaction time could obviously affect the reaction performance and the results suggested that 200 °C and 6 h were suitable. Furthermore, the long-term stability and activity of the catalyst was also studied on a fixed bed, and the yield of total methanol reached to 88.5% and the selectivity of total methanol gradually decreased to 74.0% within 200 h, which could be attributed to the detrimental influence derived from the increase of Cu0. The reaction pathways involved in the hydrogenation of DEC process were proposed. The substance scope was also extended to other carbonates and the catalyst exhibited superior catalytic performance toward linear carbonates. This work provided insights into carbonate hydrogenation over an effective Cu/Zn/Al catalyst, which could be utilized into upgrading CO2 indirectly to produce commodity methanol under relatively mild reaction conditions. The valence distribution of copper species in ternary Cu/Zn/Al catalysts have significant influence on diethyl carbonate hydrogenation to produce methanol.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Liguo Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Xiang Hui
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Chanjuan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Yan Cao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Shuang Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Peng He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
| | - Huiquan Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering
- Institute of Process Engineering
- Chinese Academy of Sciences
- Beijing
- China
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13
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Xu X, Kang Z, Yan D, Xue M. La[N(SiMe
3
)
2
]
3
‐Catalyzed Hydroboration of Esters and Other Challenging Unsaturated Groups. CHINESE J CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.201900344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojuan Xu
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Zihan Kang
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Dandan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Mingqiang Xue
- Key Laboratory of Organic Synthesis of Jiangsu Province, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Dushu Lake Campus, Soochow University Suzhou Jiangsu 215123 China
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