Corrosion Inhibition and Adsorption Properties of N-{2-[2-(5-Methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)acetamido]phenyl}benzamide Monohydrate on C38 Steel in 1 M HCl: Insights from Electrochemical Analysis, DFT, and MD Simulations

The heterocyclic compound N-{2-[2-(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)acetamido]-phenyl}benzamide monohydrate (MPAPB) was synthesized and structurally characterized by using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), mass spectrometry, and infrared (IR) spectroscopy. Its corrosion inhibition performance for C38 in 1 M HCl was evaluated by using gravimetric weight loss measurements, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) techniques. MPAPB demonstrated a high inhibition efficiency of 90.2% at a concentration of 1 mM, accompanied by a substantial decrease in the corrosion current density. Electrochemical results revealed that MPAPB acts as a mixed-type inhibitor, reducing both anodic and cathodic reactions, while increasing the charge transfer resistance (R p) and decreasing the double-layer capacitance (C dl), indicative of effective surface adsorption. The adsorption behavior of MPAPB was consistent with that of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, suggesting a combination of physical and chemical adsorption mechanisms. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations further elucidated the interaction between the MPAPB and the steel surface, highlighting the role of electron-donating heteroatoms and π-electron systems in adsorption. These theoretical findings were in agreement with the experimental results, confirming the formation of a protective layer that inhibits corrosion.

Synthesis and anti-inflammatory activity of benzimidazole derivatives; an in vitro, in vivo and in silico approach

Many non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) concurrently inhibit both COX-1 and COX-2, with a preference for specifically targeting COX-2 due to its significant involvement in various pathologies. In addition to COX enzymes, several other targets, including Aldose reductase, Aldo-ketoreductase family 1-member C2, and Phospholipase A2, have been identified as contributors to inflammation and a myriad of other diseases. In this context, a series of 2-substituted benzimidazole derivatives was synthesized and assessed for their anti-inflammatory potential through both in vitro and in vivo assays. Molecular docking studies were conducted to elucidate the mechanism of action of these compounds against COX enzymes and other therapeutic targets associated with NSAIDs, such as Aldose reductase, AIKRC, and Phospholipase A2. Among the synthesized compounds, B2, B4, B7, and B8 demonstrated IC50 values lower than the standard ibuprofen, as determined by the Luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence assay. Validation of these findings was achieved through an in vivo carrageenan-induced mice paw edema model, confirming a comparable anti-inflammatory effect to diclofenac sodium observed in vitro. Notably, these compounds exhibited significant binding affinity with all therapeutic targets investigated in this study. These results suggest that the newly synthesized derivatives possess noteworthy anti-inflammatory potential, warranting further exploration for the development of novel multi-targeting inhibitors.

Anticancer behaviour of 2,2'-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)bis(5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione)-based palladium(II) complex and its DNA, BSA binding propensity and DFT study

Herein, we report the synthesis and biological evaluation of [Pd(L)(OH2)Cl] complex (where L = 2,2'-(pyridin-2-ylmethylene)bis(5,5-dimethylcyclohexane-1,3-dione) as a novel promising anticancer candidate. The complex was characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction and other various spectroscopic techniques. Besides, the optimized structure was determined through DFT calculations revealing that the coordination geometry of [Pd(L)(OH2)Cl] complex is square planar. The binding propensity of [Pd(L)(OH2)Cl] complex with DNA and BSA was assessed by the spectrophotometric method. The antimicrobial profile of the ligand and its [Pd(L)(OH2)Cl] complex was screened against clinically important bacterial strains. [Pd(L)(OH2)Cl] complex showed promising activity against these microorganisms. Pd(L)(OH2)Cl] complex exhibited a potent antiproliferative potential compared to its ligand against different human cancer cells (A549, HCT116, MDA-MB-231, and HepG2) with less toxic effect against normal cells (WI-38). Additionally, [Pd(L)(OH2)Cl] complex exerted its anticancer effects against the most responsive cells (HCT116 cells; IC50 = 11 ± 1 μM) through suppressing their colony-forming capabilities and triggering apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at S phase. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed a remarkable upregulation of the mRNA expression level of p53 and caspase-3 by 4.8- and 5.9-fold, respectively, relative to control. Remarkable binding properties and non-covalent interactions between L and its [Pd(L)(OH2)Cl] complex with the binding sites of different receptors including CDK2, MurE ligase, DNA, and BSA were established using molecular docking. Based on our results, [Pd(L)(OH2)Cl] complex is an intriguing candidate for future investigations as a potential anticancer drug for the treatment of colon cancer.

Synthesis, Crystal Structures, Genotoxicity, and Antifungal and Antibacterial Studies of Ni(II) and Cd(II) Pyrazole Amide Coordination Complexes

In this study, we synthesized two coordination complexes based on pyrazole-based ligands, namely 1,5-dimethyl-N-phenyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (L1) and 1,5-dimethyl-N-propyl-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamide (L2), with the aim to investigate bio-inorganic properties. Their crystal structures revealed a mononuclear complex [Ni(L1)2](ClO4)2 (C1) and a dinuclear complex [Cd2(L2)2]Cl4 (C2). Very competitive antifungal and anti-Fusarium activities were found compared to the reference standard cycloheximide. Additionally, L1 and L2 present very weak genotoxicity in contrast to the observed increase in genotoxicity for the coordination complexes C1 and C2.

Spectroscopic, computational, cytotoxicity, and docking studies of 6-bromobenzimidazole as anti-breast cancer agent

6-Bromobenzimidazole (6BBZ) has been calculated in this study utilizing the 6-311++G(d,p) basis set and the Becke-3-Lee-Yang-Parr density functional approaches. The basic frequencies and geometric optimization are known. FTIR, FT-Raman, and UV-Vis spectra of the substance are compared between its computed and observed values. The energy gap between highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital and molecule electrostatic potentials has been represented by charge density distributions that may be associated with the biological response. Time-dependent density functional theory calculations in the gas phase and dimethyl sulfoxide were carried out to ascertain the electronic properties and energy gap values using the same basis set. Molecular orbital contributions are investigated using the overlap population, partial, and total densities of states. Natural bond analysis was found to have strong electron delocalization by means of π(C4-C9) → π*(C5-C6), LP (N1) → π*(C7-C8), and LP(Br12) → π*(C5-C6) interactions. The Fukui function and Mulliken analysis have been explored on the atomic charges of the molecule. The nuclear magnetic resonance chemical shifts for 1 H and 13 C have been computed using the gauge-independent atomic orbital technique. With the highest binding affinity (-6.2 kcal mol-1 ) against estrogen sulfotransferase receptor (PDB ID: 1AQU) and low IC50 value of 17.23 μg/mL, 6BBZ demonstrated potent action against the MCF-7 breast cancer cell line. Studies on the antibacterial activity and ADMET prediction of the molecule have also been carried out.

CuII Pyrazolyl-Benzimidazole Dinuclear Complexes with Remarkable Antioxidant Activity

Three dinuclear coordination complexes generated from 1-n-butyl-2-((5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3-yl)methyl)-1H-benzimidazole (L), have been synthesized and characterized spectroscopically and structurally by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Reaction with iron(II) chloride and then copper(II) nitrate led to a co-crystal containing 78 % of [Cu(NO3 )(μ-Cl)(L')]2 (C1 ) and 22 % of [Cu(NO3 )(μ-NO3 )(L')]2 (C2 ), where L was oxidized to a new ligand L' . A mechanism is provided. Reaction with copper chloride led to the dinuclear complex [Cu(Cl)(μ-Cl)(L)]2 (C3 ). The presence of N-H⋅⋅⋅O and C-H⋅⋅⋅O intermolecular interactions in the crystal structure of C1 and C2 , and C-H⋅⋅⋅N and C-H⋅⋅⋅Cl hydrogen bonding in the crystal structure of C3 led to supramolecular structures that were confirmed by Hirshfeld surface analysis. The ligands and their complexes were tested for free radical scavenging activity and ferric reducing antioxidant power. The complex C1 /C2 shows remarkable antioxidant activities as compared to the ligand L and reference compounds.

Effect of ancillary ligand on DNA and protein interaction of the two Zn (II) and Co (III) complexes: experimental and theoretical study

In the present work we have developed one mononuclear Zn(II) complex [Zn(L)(H2O)] (Complex 1) by utilizing a tetracoordinated ligand H₂L, formed by simple condensation of 2, 2 dimethyl 1,3 diamino propane and 3- ethoxy salicylaldehyde and one newly designed mononuclear Co (III) complex [Co(L)(L1)] (complex 2) by utilizing (H₂L) and 3- ethoxy salicylaldehyde(HL1) as an ancillary ligand. The newly developed complex 2 have been spectroscopically characterized. An interesting phenomenon has been noticed that in presence of ancillary ligand, the solubility in buffer solution and the thermal stability of complex 2 comparatively increases than 1. To check the effect of ancillary ligand, present in complex 2 towards the DNA and HSA binding efficacy, both the complexes have been taken into consideration to inspect their binding potentiality with the macromolecules. The 'on', 'off' fluorescence changes in presence of DNA and HSA, the binding constant values, obtained from electronic spectral titration, iodide induced quenching, competitive binding assay, circular dichroism (CD) spectral titration, time resolved fluorescence experiment unambiguously assure the better binding efficacy of complex 2 with the signal of minor groove binding mode with DNA along with no significant conformational changes of the macromolecules. The strong and spontaneous binding of complex 2 with CT-DNA is further supported by the Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) study. Furthermore TDDFT calculation of DNA with and without complex 2 significantly authorize the formation of complex 2-DNA adduct during the association. Finally Molecular Docking study properly verifies the experimental findings and provides justified explanation behinds experimental findings.

Novel family of bis-pyrazole coordination complexes as potent antibacterial and antifungal agents

A new pyrazole ligand, N,N-bis(2(1′,5,5′-trimethyl-1H,1′H-[3,3′-bipyrazol]-1-yl)ethyl)propan-1-amine (L) was synthesized and characterized by ¹H-NMR, ¹³C-NMR, FT-IR and HRMS. The coordination ability of the ligand has been employed for the construction of a new family of coordination complexes, namely: [Cu₂LCl₄] (1), [ML(CH₃OH)(H₂O)](ClO₄)₂ (M^II = Ni (2), Co (3)) and [FeL(NCS)₂] (4). The series of complexes were characterized using single-crystal X-ray diffraction, HRMS, FT-IR and UV-visible spectroscopy. Moreover, the iron(ii) analogue was investigated by ⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy and SQUID magnetometry. Single-crystal X-ray structures of the prepared complexes are debated within the framework of the cooperative effect of the hydrogen bonding network and counter anions on the supramolecular formations observed. Furthermore, within the context of biological activity surveys, these compounds were reviewed against different types of bacteria to validate their efficiency, including both Gram-positive as well as Gram-negative bacteria. Enhanced behaviour towards Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. albedinis fungi, were detected for 1 and 4.

A new pyrazole ligand L and four coordination complexes were synthesized and characterized by different spectroscopic methods. These were found to be promising antibacterial and antifungal agents.

The crystal structure of diaqua-bis(6-phenylpyridine-2-carboxylato-κ2 N,O)cobalt(II)–water–N,N-dimethylformamide(1/2/1), C27H31N3O9Co

C27H31N3O9Co, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 10.9230(6) Å, b = 11.1166(8) Å, c = 22.8312(15) Å, β = 93.404(6)°, V = 2767.4(3) Å3, Z = 4, R gt (F) = 0.0349, wR ref (F 2) = 0.0893, T = 200 K.

Coordination complexes constructed from pyrazole-acetamide and pyrazole-quinoxaline: effect of hydrogen bonding on the self-assembly process and antibacterial activity

Two mononuclear coordination complexes of N-(2-aminophenyl)-2-(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)acetamide (L1), namely [Cd(L1)2Cl2] (C1) and [Cu(L1)2(C2H5OH)2](NO3)2 (C2) and one mononuclear complex [Fe(L2)2(H2O)2](NO3)2·2H2O (C3), obtained after in situ oxidation of L1, have been synthesized and characterized spectroscopically. As revealed by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, each coordination sphere made of two heterocycles is completed either by two chloride anions (in C1), two ethanol molecules (in C2) or two water molecules (in C3). The crystal packing analysis of C1, C2 and C3, revealed 1D and 2D supramolecular architectures, respectively, via various hydrogen bonding interactions, which are discussed in detail. Furthermore, evaluation in vitro of the ligands and their metal complexes for their antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli (ATCC 4157), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (ATCC 27853), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Streptococcus fasciens (ATCC 29212) strains of bacteria, revealed outstanding results compared to chloramphenicol, a well-known antibiotic, with a normalized minimum inhibitory concentration as low as 5 μg mL-1.

A Treatise on Furan Cored Schiff Base Cu(II), Ni(II) and Co(III) Complexes Accentuating Their Biological Efficacy: Synthesis, Thermal and Spectroscopic Characterization, DNA Interactions, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activity Studies

Three metal complexes [Cu(FMIMDIP)₂ ] (1), [Ni(FMIMDIP)₂ ] (2) and [Co(FMIMDIP)₃ ] (3) where, FMIMDIP=(((furan-2-yl)methylimino)methyl)-4,6-diiodophenol, were synthesized and characterized by various spectroscopy. The analytical data revealed a square planar geometry for 1 and 2 and an octahedral geometry for 3. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the thermal decomposition steps were calculated from the thermograms. The quantum chemical parameters have been calculated using HOMO-LUMO energies and reveal the stability of the complexes. The DNA interaction of 1-3 towards calf-thymus DNA was investigated by absorption titration, fluorescence spectroscopy and gel electrophoresis. All the complexes bind to DNA via intercalation mode with binding constant (K_b ) values of 4.17×10³  M^-1 to 5.9×10⁴  M^-1 and also effectively cleave pBR322 DNA by oxidative and photolytic techniques. The synergistic action of metal chelates with ascorbic acid induced the generation of free radicals. The antibacterial activity of 1-3 was tested against B. thuringiensis, S. pneumoniae, E. coli, and P. putida. Complex 3 has the best activity among all the complexes.

The mol-ecular and crystal structures of 2-(3-hy-droxy-prop-yl)benzimidazole and its nitrate salt

2-(3-Hy-droxy-prop-yl)-1H-benzimidazole, C10H12N2O, which has potential biological activity, can be used as a ligand for complexation with metals. This compound is an electron donor, due to the lone pair of the nitro-gen atom in the imidazole ring. This nitro-gen atom also acts as a proton acceptor. In the crystalline phase, the nitrate salt, namely, 2-(3-hy-droxy-prop-yl)-1H-benzim-id-azol-3-ium nitrate, C10H13N2O+·NO3 -, has been studied. The protonation of the 2-(3-hy-droxy-prop-yl)benzimidazole unit results in significant delocalization of the electron density within the imidazole ring. The salt formation leads to variations in the inter-molecular inter-actions, which were studied by analysis of the Hirshfeld surfaces and two-dimensional fingerprint plots.

5-Amino-1H-benzimidazole-2(3H)-thione: mol-ecular, crystal structure and Hirshfeld surface analysis

The title compound, C7H7N3S, which has potential biological activity, can be used as a ligand in metal complexation. This compound exists as the thione tautomer in the crystal phase, which is confirmed by the study of its mol-ecular structure. The amino group has pyramidal configuration. In the crystal phase, the two independent mol-ecules in the asymmetric unit form tetra-mers as a result of N-H⋯S hydrogen bonds. These tetra-mers are linked by N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds, forming chains/tubes in the [010] direction. The Hirshfeld surface analysis showed that the highest contribution to the total surface is provided by H⋯H inter-actions as well as S⋯H/H⋯S and C⋯H/H⋯C contacts associated with X-H⋯S hydrogen bonds and X-H⋯C(π) inter-actions.

Synthesis of Antimicrobial Benzimidazole-Pyrazole Compounds and Their Biological Activities

The synthesis of new compounds with antimicrobial and antiviral properties is a central objective today in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. Benzimidazole and pyrazole compounds have remarkable biological properties, such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anti-Alzheimer's, antiulcer, antidiabetic. Moreover, recent literature mentions the syntheses and antimicrobial properties of some benzimidazole-pyrazole hybrids, as well as other biological properties thereof. In this review, we aim to review the methods of synthesis of these hybrids, the antimicrobial activities of the compounds, their correlation with various groups present on the molecule, as well as their pharmaceutical properties.

Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and density functional theory study of benzyl 2-oxo-1-(prop-2-yn-1-yl)-1,2-di-hydro-quinoline-4-carboxyl-ate

The title mol-ecule, C20H15NO3, adopts a Z-shaped conformation with the carboxyl group nearly coplanar with the di-hydro-quinoline unit. In the crystal, corrugated layers are formed by C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds and are stacked by C-H⋯π(ring) inter-actions. Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that the most important contributions to the crystal packing are from H⋯H (43.3%), H⋯C/C⋯H (26.6%) and H⋯O/O⋯H (16.3%) inter-actions. The optimized structure calculated using density functional theory at the B3LYP/ 6-311 G(d,p) level is compared with the experimentally determined structure in the solid state. The calculated HOMO-LUMO energy gap is 4.0319 eV.

Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and DFT study of N-(2-amino-5-methyl-phen-yl)-2-(5-methyl-1H-pyrazol-3-yl)acetamide

The title mol-ecule, C13H16N4O, adopts an angular conformation. In the crystal a layer structure is generated by N-H⋯O and N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds together with C-H⋯π(ring) inter-actions. Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that the most important contributions to the crystal packing are from H⋯H (53.8%), H⋯C/C⋯H (21.7%), H⋯N/N⋯H (13.6%), and H⋯O/O⋯H (10.8%) inter-actions. The optimized structure calculated using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/ 6-311 G(d,p) level is compared with the experimentally determined structure in the solid state. The calculated HOMO-LUMO energy gap is 5.0452 eV.

Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and density functional theory study of 6-methyl-2-[(5-methyl-isoxazol-3-yl)meth-yl]-1H-benzimidazole

In the title mol-ecule, C13H13N3O, the isoxazole ring is inclined to the benzimidazole ring at a dihedral angle of 69.28 (14)°. In the crystal, N-H⋯N hydrogen bonds between neighboring benzimidazole rings form chains along the a-axis direction. Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that the most important contributions to the crystal packing are from H⋯H (48.8%), H⋯C/C⋯H (20.9%) and H⋯N/N⋯H (19.3%) inter-actions. The optimized structure calculated using density functional theory at the B3LYP/6-311 G(d,p) level is compared with the experimentally determined structure in the solid state. The calculated highest occupied mol-ecular orbital (HOMO) and lowest unoccupied mol-ecular orbital (LUMO) energy gap is 4.9266 eV.

Crystal structure, Hirshfeld surface analysis and DFT study of 1-ethyl-3-phenyl-1,2-di-hydro-quinoxalin-2-one

In the title mol-ecule, C16H14N2O, the di-hydro-quinoxaline moiety is not planar as there is a dihedral angle of 4.51 (5)° between the constituent rings. In the crystal, C-H⋯O hydrogen bonds form helical chains about the crystallographic 21 screw axis in the b-axis direction. Hirshfeld surface analysis indicates that the most important contributions to the crystal packing are from H⋯H (51.7%), H⋯C/C⋯H (26%) and H⋯O/O⋯H (8.5%) inter-actions. The optimized structure calculated using density functional theory (DFT) at the B3LYP/6-311 G(d,p) level is compared with the experimentally determined structure in the solid state. The calculated HOMO-LUMO energy gap is 3.8918 eV.

New Bis-Pyrazole-Bis-Acetate Based Coordination Complexes: Influence of Counter-Anions and Metal Ions on the Supramolecular Structures

A new flexible bis-pyrazol-bis-acetate ligand, diethyl 2,2’-(pyridine-2,6-diylbis (5-methyl-1H-pyrazole-3,1-diyl))diacetate (L), has been synthesised, and three coordination complexes, namely, [Zn(L)2](BF4)2 (1), [MnLCl2] (2) and [CdLCl2] (3) have been obtained. All ligands and complexes were characterised by IR, mass spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. Single crystal X-ray diffraction experiment revealed that the primary supramolecular building block of 1 is a hexagonal chair shaped 0D hydrogen bonded synthon (stabilised by C–H∙∙∙O hydrogen bonding and C=O∙∙∙π interactions), which further built into a 2D corrugated sheet-like architecture having a 3-c net honeycomb topology, and finally extended to a 3D hydrogen bonded network structure having a five nodal 1,3,3,3,7-c net, through C–H∙∙∙F interactions. On the other hand, the two crystallographically independent molecules of 2 exhibited two distinct supramolecular structures such as 2D hydrogen bonded sheet structure and 1D zigzag hydrogen bonded chain, sustained by C–H∙O and C–H∙∙∙Cl interactions, which are further self-assembled into a 3,4-c network structure, and 3 showed a 2D hydrogen bonded sheet structure. The supramolecular structural diversity in these complexes is due to the different conformations adopted by the ligands, which are mainly induced by different metal ions with coordination environments controlled by different anions. Hirshfeld surface analysis was explored for the qualitative and quantitative analysis of the supramolecular interactions.

Synthesis and physicochemical studies of a series of mixed-ligand transition metal complexes and their molecular docking investigations against Coronavirus main protease

A novel series of mixed-ligand complexes of the type, [M(L1)(L2)Cl]·2H2O [L1 = 2-(α-methyl salicylidene hydrazine) benzimidazole (primary ligand), L2 = 2,2′-bipyridine (bipy; secondary ligand), M = Co(ii), Ni(ii), Cu(ii) and Zn(ii)], were based on the physicoanalytical studies. The spectroscopic findings revealed tridentate nature of the Schiff base ligand (L1) and its coordination to the metal ions via azomethine nitrogen, ring nitrogen and the deprotonated phenolic oxygen atoms. Furthermore, the synthesized compounds were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi microorganisms. In addition, molecular docking studies were carried out against Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (PDB ID: 4ZS6) and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 main protease (PDB ID: 6W63).

Solvent induced supramolecular polymorphism in Cu(II) coordination complex built from 1,2,4-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine: Crystal structures and anti-oxidant activity

Two Cu(II) coordination complexes, C1 and C2 of the formula [Cu(4)₂(H₂O)₂], have been prepared by reaction between CuCl₂·2H₂O and 7-ethoxycarbonylmethyl-5-methyl-1,2,4[1,5-a]pyrimidine (L) in a 1:2 M:L molar ratio. The L molecule decomposes during the reaction process into 7-carboxy-5-methyl-[1,2,4]-triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine (4) through an intermediate, ethyl 2,2-dihydroxy-2-(5-methyl-[1,2,4]triazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidin-7-yl)acetate (5), which has been isolated and its crystal structure determined by X-ray diffraction. The X-ray analysis of the single crystals of [Cu(4)₂(H₂O)₂] obtained from the slow evaporation of EtOH and MeOH, separately, revealed the formation of "solvent induced" polymorphs C1 and C2, respectively. The primary supramolecular synthon for C1 and C2 are six membered ring, and square shaped hydrogen bonded architecture, respectively. The self-assembly of such synthons resulted in a two dimensional hydrogen bonded sheet supported by OH⋯O interactions. In addition, the antioxidant properties of the ligands and its complexes were evaluated in vitro using 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl acid, 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6 sulfonic acid radical scavenging methods and ferric reducing antioxidant power.

Iron(ii) coordination pyrazole complexes with aromatic sulfonate ligands: the role of ether

Diethyl ether altered the usual homoleptic FeN₆ self-assembly of Fe(ii) mononuclear complexes to yield an FeN₄O₂ heteroleptic coordination environment.