1
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Huang WL, Wang XD, Ao YF, Wang QQ, Wang DX. Mimicking the Shape and Function of the ClC Chloride Channel Selective Pore by Combining a Molecular Hourglass Shape with Anion-π Interactions. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202304222. [PMID: 38270386 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202304222] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
ClC is the main family of natural chloride channel proteins that transport Cl- across the cell membrane with high selectivity. The chloride transport and selectivity are determined by the hourglass-shaped pore and the filter located in the central and narrow region of the pore. Artificial unimolecular channel that mimics both the shape and function of the ClC selective pore is attractive, because it could provide simple molecular model to probe the intriguing mechanism and structure-function relevance of ClC. Here we elaborated upon the concept of molecular hourglass plus anion-π interactions for this purpose. The concept was validated by experimental results of molecular hourglasses using shape-persistent 1,3-alternate tetraoxacalix[2]arene[2]triazine as the central macrocyclic skeleton to control the conductance and selectivity, and anion-π interactions as the driving force to facilitate the chloride dehydration and movement along the channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Long Huang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Dong Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Fei Ao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - Qi-Qiang Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
| | - De-Xian Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Recognition and Function, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100190, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, 100049, Beijing, China
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2
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Jurek P, Szymański MP, Szumna A. Remote control of anion binding by CH-based receptors. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3417-3420. [PMID: 38441137 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc06038a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/22/2024]
Abstract
We show that the substitution of tetra(benzimidazole)resorcin[4]arenes with electron withdrawing groups on the upper rim enhances anion binding at the opposite edge by more than three orders of magnitude. Moreover, selective anion binding at either the OH/NH or CH binding sites is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulina Jurek
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland.
| | - Marek P Szymański
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland.
| | - Agnieszka Szumna
- Institute of Organic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, Warsaw 01-224, Poland.
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3
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Alonso-Carrillo D, Carreira-Barral I, Mielczarek M, Sancho-Medina A, Herran E, Vairo C, Del Pozo A, Luzuriaga I, Lazcanoiturburu N, Ibarrola O, Ponce S, Villar-Vidal M, García-Valverde M, Quesada R. Formulation and evaluation of anion transporters in nanostructured lipid carriers. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:7753-7757. [PMID: 37691616 DOI: 10.1039/d3ob01182h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Six novel click-tambjamines (1-6) bearing an alkyl chain of varying length linked to the imine moiety have been formulated in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) to evaluate their transmembrane anion transport activity both when free (i.e., not encapsulated) and nanoformulated. Nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) are an example of drug delivery systems (DDSs) that stand out because of their versatility. In this work we show that NLCs can be used to efficiently formulate highly lipophilic anionophores and experiments conducted in model liposomes reveal that these formulations are adequate to deliver anionophores without compromising their transport activity. This result paves the way to facilitate the study of highly lipophilic anionophores and their potential use as future drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marcin Mielczarek
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Burgos 09001, Spain.
| | | | - Enara Herran
- Biokeralty Research Institute AIE, Hermanos Lumière 5, 01510 Miñano, Spain
| | - Claudia Vairo
- Biokeralty Research Institute AIE, Hermanos Lumière 5, 01510 Miñano, Spain
| | - Angel Del Pozo
- Biokeralty Research Institute AIE, Hermanos Lumière 5, 01510 Miñano, Spain
| | - Iris Luzuriaga
- Biokeralty Research Institute AIE, Hermanos Lumière 5, 01510 Miñano, Spain
| | | | - Oihane Ibarrola
- Biokeralty Research Institute AIE, Hermanos Lumière 5, 01510 Miñano, Spain
| | - Sara Ponce
- Biokeralty Research Institute AIE, Hermanos Lumière 5, 01510 Miñano, Spain
| | - María Villar-Vidal
- Biokeralty Research Institute AIE, Hermanos Lumière 5, 01510 Miñano, Spain
| | | | - Roberto Quesada
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Burgos 09001, Spain.
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4
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Villarón D, Bos JE, Kohl F, Mommer S, de Jong J, Wezenberg SJ. Photoswitchable Bis(amidopyrroles): Modulating Anion Transport Activity Independent of Binding Affinity. J Org Chem 2023; 88:11328-11334. [PMID: 37440304 PMCID: PMC10407928 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/14/2023]
Abstract
Toward photocontrol of anion transport across the bilayer membrane, stiff-stilbene, which has dimethyl substituents in the five-membered rings, is functionalized with amidopyrrole units. UV-vis and 1H NMR studies show high photostability and photoconversion yields. Where the photoaddressable (E)- and (Z)-isomers exhibit comparable binding affinities, as determined by 1H NMR titrations, fluorescence-based transport assays reveal significantly higher transport activity for the (Z)-isomers. Changing the binding affinity is thus not a necessity for modulating transport. Additionally, transport can be triggered in situ by light.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jorn de Jong
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333
CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Sander J. Wezenberg
- Leiden Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333
CC Leiden, The Netherlands
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5
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Cataldo A, Norvaisa K, Halgreen L, Bodman SE, Bartik K, Butler SJ, Valkenier H. Transmembrane Transport of Inorganic Phosphate by a Strapped Calix[4]pyrrole. J Am Chem Soc 2023. [PMID: 37471295 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.3c04631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic anion receptors are increasingly being explored for the transport of anions across lipid membranes because of their potential therapeutic applications. A considerable amount of research focuses on the transport of chloride, whereas the transmembrane transport of inorganic phosphate has not been reported to date, despite the biological relevance of this anion. Here we present a calix[4]pyrrole with a bisurea strap that functions as a receptor and transporter for H2PO4-, relying on the formation of eight hydrogen bonds and efficient encapsulation of the anion. Using a phosphate-sensitive lanthanide probe and 31P NMR spectroscopy, we demonstrate that this receptor can transport phosphate into vesicles by H2PO4-/Cl- antiport, H2PO4- uniport, and Cs+/H2PO4- symport mechanisms. This first example of inorganic phosphate transport by a neutral receptor opens perspectives for the future development of transporters for various biological phosphates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Cataldo
- Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Karolis Norvaisa
- Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Lau Halgreen
- Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Samantha E Bodman
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Kristin Bartik
- Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Stephen J Butler
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Hennie Valkenier
- Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium
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6
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Biswas R, Samanta K, Ghorai S, Maji S, Natarajan R. Conformationally Flexible Cleft Receptor for Chloride Anion Transport. ACS OMEGA 2023; 8:19625-19631. [PMID: 37305253 PMCID: PMC10249377 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c01146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The design and synthesis of a cleft-shaped bis-diarylurea receptor for chloride anion transport is reported in this work. The receptor is based on the foldameric nature of N,N'-diphenylurea upon its dimethylation. The bis-diarylurea receptor exhibits a strong and selective affinity for chloride over bromide and iodide anions. A nanomolar quantity of the receptor efficiently transports the chloride across a lipid bilayer membrane as a 1:1 complex (EC50 = 5.23 nm). The work demonstrates the utility of the N,N'-dimethyl-N,N'-diphenylurea scaffold in anion recognition and transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raju Biswas
- Organic
& Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Krishanu Samanta
- Organic
& Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Sandipan Ghorai
- Organic
& Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Suman Maji
- Organic
& Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ramalingam Natarajan
- Organic
& Medicinal Chemistry Division, CSIR-Indian
Institute of Chemical Biology, 4 Raja SC Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
- Academy
of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
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7
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Johnson TG, Docker A, Sadeghi-Kelishadi A, Langton MJ. Halogen bonding relay and mobile anion transporters with kinetically controlled chloride selectivity. Chem Sci 2023; 14:5006-5013. [PMID: 37206385 PMCID: PMC10189858 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc01170d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Selective transmembrane transport of chloride over competing proton or hydroxide transport is key for the therapeutic application of anionophores, but remains a significant challenge. Current approaches rely on enhancing chloride anion encapsulation within synthetic anionophores. Here we report the first example of a halogen bonding ion relay in which transport is facilitated by the exchange of ions between lipid-anchored receptors on opposite sides of the membrane. The system exhibits non-protonophoric chloride selectivity, uniquely arising from the lower kinetic barrier to chloride exchange between transporters within the membrane, compared to hydroxide, with selectivity maintained across membranes with different hydrophobic thicknesses. In contrast, we demonstrate that for a range of mobile carriers with known high chloride over hydroxide/proton selectivity, the discrimination is strongly dependent on membrane thickness. These results demonstrate that the selectivity of non-protonophoric mobile carriers does not arise from ion binding discrimination at the interface, but rather through a kinetic bias in transport rates, arising from differing membrane translocation rates of the anion-transporter complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toby G Johnson
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Andrew Docker
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Amir Sadeghi-Kelishadi
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Matthew J Langton
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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8
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Mondal A, Barik GK, Sarkar S, Mondal D, Ahmad M, Vijayakanth T, Mondal J, Santra MK, Talukdar P. Nontoxic Artificial Chloride Channel Formation in Epithelial Cells by Isophthalic Acid-Based Small Molecules. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202202887. [PMID: 36399427 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202202887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Artificial channels capable of facilitating the transport of Cl- ions across cell membranes while being nontoxic to the cells are rare. Such synthetic ion channels can mimic the functions of membrane transport proteins and, therefore, have the potential to treat channelopathies by replacing defective ion channels. Here we report isophthalic acid-based structurally simple molecules 1 a and 2 a, which self-assemble to render supramolecular nanochannels that allow selective transport of Cl- ions. As evident from the single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis, the self-assembly is governed by intermolecular hydrogen bonding and π-π stacking interactions. The MD simulation studies for both 1 a and 2 a confirmed the formation of stable Cl- channel assembly in the lipid membrane and Cl- transport through them. The MQAE assay showed the efficacy of the compounds in delivering Cl- ions into cells, and the MTT assays proved that the compounds are nontoxic to cells even at a concentration of 100 μM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | | | - Susmita Sarkar
- Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | - Debashis Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
| | - Thangavel Vijayakanth
- The Shmunis School of Biomedicine and Cancer Research, George S. Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, 6997801, Israel
| | - Jagannath Mondal
- Center for Interdisciplinary Sciences, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Hyderabad, 500046, Telangana, India
| | | | - Pinaki Talukdar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, Maharashtra, India
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9
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Mondal A, Ahmad M, Mondal D, Talukdar P. Progress and prospects toward supramolecular bioactive ion transporters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:1917-1938. [PMID: 36691926 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06761g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The majority of cellular physiological processes depend on natural ion channels, which are pore-forming membrane-embedded proteins that let ions flow across the cell membranes selectively. This selective movement of ions across the membranes balances the osmolality within and outside the cell. However, mutations in the genes that encode essential membrane transport proteins or structural reorganisation of these proteins can cause life-threatening diseases like cystic fibrosis. Artificial ion transport systems have opened up a way to replace dysfunctional natural ion channels to cure such diseases through channel replacement therapy. Moreover, recent research has also demonstrated the ability of these systems to kill cancer cells, reigniting interest in the field among scientists. Our contributions to the recent progress in the design and development of artificial chloride ion transporters and their effect on biological systems have been discussed in this review. This review would provide current vistas and future directions toward the development of novel ion transporters with improved biocompatibility and desired anti-cancer properties. Additionally, it strongly emphasises stimuli-responsive ion transport systems, which are crucial for obtaining target-specificity and may speed up the application of these systems in clinical therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abhishek Mondal
- Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India. .,Chemistry Research Laboratory, Mansfield Road, Oxford, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Debashis Mondal
- Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India. .,Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Zwirkii Wigury 101, Warsaw 02-089, Poland
| | - Pinaki Talukdar
- Chemistry Department, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune 411008, Maharashtra, India.
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10
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Gilchrist AM, Wu X, Hawkins BA, Hibbs DE, Gale PA. Fluorinated tetrapodal anion transporters. iScience 2023; 26:105988. [PMID: 36818308 PMCID: PMC9932467 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.105988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2022] [Revised: 01/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Synthetic anion transporters show potential in treating life-threatening diseases like cystic fibrosis and cancer. However, with increasingly complex transporter architectures designed to control anion binding and transport, it is important to consider solubility and deliverability during transporter design. The fluorination of synthetic anion transporters has been shown to tune the transporter lipophilicity, transport rates, and binding strength. In this work, we expand on our previously reported tetrapodal (thio)urea transporters with a series of fluorinated tetrapodal anion transporters. The effects of fluorination on tuning the lipophilicity, solubility, deliverability, and anion transport selectivity of the tetrapodal scaffold were investigated using anion-binding and transport assays. The primary mode of anion transport was H+/X- cotransport, with the most fluorinated tetrathiourea (8) displaying the highest transport activity in the 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (HPTS) assay. Intriguingly, inversion of the transmembrane Cl- vs NO3 - transport selectivity compared with previously reported tripodal (thio)urea transporters was observed under a modified HPTS assay.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Bryson A. Hawkins
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - David E. Hibbs
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,The University of Sydney, The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Philip A. Gale
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,The University of Sydney, The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia,Corresponding author
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11
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Docker A, Johnson TG, Kuhn H, Zhang Z, Langton MJ. Multistate Redox-Switchable Ion Transport Using Chalcogen-Bonding Anionophores. J Am Chem Soc 2023; 145:2661-2668. [PMID: 36652378 PMCID: PMC9896566 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.2c12892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic supramolecular transmembrane anionophores have emerged as promising anticancer chemotherapeutics. However, key to their targeted application is achieving spatiotemporally controlled activity. Herein, we report a series of chalcogen-bonding diaryl tellurium-based transporters in which their anion binding potency and anionophoric activity are controlled through reversible redox cycling between Te oxidation states. This unprecedented in situ reversible multistate switching allows for switching between ON and OFF anion transport and is crucially achieved with biomimetic chemical redox couples.
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12
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Plais R, Gouarin G, Bournier A, Zayene O, Mussard V, Bourdreux F, Marrot J, Brosseau A, Gaucher A, Clavier G, Salpin JY, Prim D. Chloride Binding Modulated by Anion Receptors Bearing Tetrazine and Urea. Chemphyschem 2023; 24:e202200524. [PMID: 36111796 PMCID: PMC10091995 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2022] [Revised: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Modulation and fine-tuning of the strength of weak interactions to bind anions are described in a series of synthetic receptors. The general design of the receptors includes both a urea motif and a tetrazine motif. The synthetic sequence towards three receptors is detailed. Impacts of H-bond strength and linker length between urea and tetrazine on chloride complexation are studied. Binding properties of the chloride anion are examined in both the ground and excited states using a panel of analytical methods (NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, UV/Visible spectroscopies, and fluorescence). A ranking of the receptors by complexation strength has been determined, allowing a better understanding of the structure-properties relationship on these compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Plais
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Guy Gouarin
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Amélie Bournier
- LAMBE, Université Paris-Saclay, Univ Evry, CNRS, 91025, Evry-Courcouronnes, France.,LAMBE, CY Cergy Paris Université, CNRS, 95000, Cergy, France
| | - Olfa Zayene
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Vanessa Mussard
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Flavien Bourdreux
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Jérome Marrot
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Arnaud Brosseau
- PPSM, Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Anne Gaucher
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 78000, Versailles, France
| | - Gilles Clavier
- PPSM, Université Paris-Saclay, ENS Paris-Saclay, CNRS, 91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Jean-Yves Salpin
- LAMBE, Université Paris-Saclay, Univ Evry, CNRS, 91025, Evry-Courcouronnes, France.,LAMBE, CY Cergy Paris Université, CNRS, 95000, Cergy, France
| | - Damien Prim
- Institut Lavoisier de Versailles, Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, CNRS, 78000, Versailles, France
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13
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Martínez‐Crespo L, Valkenier H. Transmembrane Transport of Bicarbonate by Anion Receptors. Chempluschem 2022; 87:e202200266. [PMID: 36414387 PMCID: PMC9827909 DOI: 10.1002/cplu.202200266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
The development of synthetic anion transporters is motivated by their potential application as treatment for diseases that originate from deficient anion transport by natural proteins. Transport of bicarbonate is important for crucial biological functions such as respiration and digestion. Despite this biological relevance, bicarbonate transport has not been as widely studied as chloride transport. Herein we present an overview of the synthetic receptors that have been studied as bicarbonate transporters, together with the different assays used to perform transport studies in large unilamellar vesicles. We highlight the most active transporters and comment on the nature of the functional groups present in active and inactive compounds. We also address recent mechanistic studies that have revealed different processes that can lead to net transport of bicarbonate, as well as studies reported in cells and tissues, and comment on the key challenges for the further development of bicarbonate transporters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Martínez‐Crespo
- Department of ChemistryUniversity of ManchesterOxford RoadManchesterM13 9PLUK,Manchester Institute of BiotechnologyUniversity of Manchester131 Princess StreetManchesterM1 7DNUK,Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Engineering of Molecular NanoSystemsEcole polytechnique de BruxellesAvenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64B-1050BrusselsBelgium
| | - Hennie Valkenier
- Université Libre de Bruxelles (ULB) Engineering of Molecular NanoSystemsEcole polytechnique de BruxellesAvenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64B-1050BrusselsBelgium
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14
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Maslowska-Jarzyna K, Cataldo A, Marszalik A, Ignatikova I, Butler SJ, Stachowiak R, Chmielewski MJ, Valkenier H. Dissecting transmembrane bicarbonate transport by 1,8-di(thio)amidocarbazoles. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7658-7663. [PMID: 36134504 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01461k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic ionophores able to transport bicarbonate and chloride anions across lipid bilayers are appealing for their wide range of potential biological applications. We have studied the bicarbonate and chloride transport by carbazoles with two amido/thioamido groups using a bicarbonate-sensitive europium(III) probe in liposomes and found a highly remarkable transporter concentration dependence. This can be explained by a combination of two distinct transport mechanisms: HCO3-/Cl- exchange and a combination of unassisted CO2 diffusion and HCl transport, of which the respective contributions were quantified. The compounds studied were found to be highly potent HCl transporters. Based on the mechanistic insights on anion transport, we have tested the antimicrobial activity of these compounds and found a good correlation with their ion transport properties and a high activity against Gram-positive bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krystyna Maslowska-Jarzyna
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Alessio Cataldo
- Université libre de Bruxelles, Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Anna Marszalik
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ilona Ignatikova
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Stephen J Butler
- Loughborough University, Department of Chemistry, Epinal Way, LE11 3TU, Loughborough, UK
| | - Radosław Stachowiak
- Department of Bacterial Physiology, Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Biology, University of Warsaw, Miecznikowa 1, 02-096 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał J Chmielewski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Hennie Valkenier
- Université libre de Bruxelles, Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP165/64, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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15
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Abstract
Considering the wide interest in (benz)imidazolium-based drugs, we here report our study on a benzimidazolium-based organic cage as potential antimicrobial and antifungal agent. Cytotoxicity studies on a human derived cell line, SH-SY5Y, showed that the cage is not cytotoxic at all at the investigated concentrations. Anion binding studies demonstrated that the cage can bind anions (chloride and nitrate, in particular) both in organic solvent and 20%v D2O/CD3CN mixture. The cage was also tested as anionophore, showing a weak but measurable transport of chloride and nitrate across LUVs vesicles. Nonetheless, the compounds have antimicrobial activity towards Staphylococcus aureus (Gram-positive bacteria). This is probably the first organic cage studied as anionophore and antimicrobial agent.
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16
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Marchetti LA, Krämer T, Elmes RBP. Amidosquaramides - a new anion binding motif with pH sensitive anion transport properties. Org Biomol Chem 2022; 20:7056-7066. [PMID: 35993191 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob01176j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Stimuli responsive anion transport is becoming an important aspect of supramolecular anion recognition chemistry. Herein, we report the synthesis of a family of anion receptors that incorporate a new anion binding motif, amidosquaramides. We show using experimental and computational methods that these receptors have pKa values close to physiological pH but also display intramolecular H-bonding interactions that affect anion recognition. Moreover, moderate activity in a Cl-/NO3- exchange assay is observed at physiological pH that can be effectively 'switched on' when repeated under acidic conditions. The reported findings provide synthetic methods that can be used for the construction of more complex squaramide based anion receptors and also provide insight into the importance of conformational analysis when considering receptor design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke A Marchetti
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland.
| | - Tobias Krämer
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland.
| | - Robert B P Elmes
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Ireland Maynooth, Maynooth, Ireland. .,Synthesis and Solid State Pharmaceutical Centre (SSPC), Ireland
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17
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Vavilova AA, Shiabiev IE, Padnya PL, Zelenikhin PV, Subakaeva EV, Stoikov II. Thiacalix[4]arenes Containing Amide and Phenylurea Fragments at the Lower Rim: Synthesis and Complexing Properties Toward Anionic Substrates. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070428022080085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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18
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De Simone NA, Chvojka M, Lapešová J, Martínez-Crespo L, Slávik P, Sokolov J, Butler SJ, Valkenier H, Šindelář V. Monofunctionalized Fluorinated Bambusurils and Their Conjugates for Anion Transport and Extraction. J Org Chem 2022; 87:9829-9838. [PMID: 35862261 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Bambusurils are macrocyclic molecules that are known for their high binding affinity and selectivity toward anions. Here, we present the preparation of two bambusurils bearing fluorinated substituents and one carboxylic function. These monofunctionalized bambusurils were conjugated with crown ether and cholesterol units. The resulting conjugates were successfully tested in liquid-liquid extraction of inorganic salts and chloride/bicarbonate transport across lipid bilayers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Matúš Chvojka
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 62500, Czech Republic.,RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 62500, Czech Republic.,Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP 165/64, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Jana Lapešová
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Luis Martínez-Crespo
- Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP 165/64, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Petr Slávik
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Sokolov
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
| | - Stephen J Butler
- Department of Chemistry, Loughborough University, Epinal Way, Loughborough LE11 3TU, U.K
| | - Hennie Valkenier
- Engineering of Molecular NanoSystems, Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles, Université libre de Bruxelles, Avenue F.D. Roosevelt 50, CP 165/64, Brussels 1050, Belgium
| | - Vladimír Šindelář
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, Brno 62500, Czech Republic
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19
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Díaz-Cabrera S, Carreira-Barral I, García-Valverde M, Quesada R. Roseophilin-inspired derivatives as transmembrane anion carriers. Supramol Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2022.2099277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Roberto Quesada
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos, Burgos, Spain
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20
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Hollstein S, Shyshov O, Hanževački M, Zhao J, Rudolf T, Jäger CM, von Delius M. Dynamic Covalent Self-Assembly of Chloride- and Ion-Pair-Templated Cryptates. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202201831. [PMID: 35384202 PMCID: PMC9400851 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202201831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
While supramolecular hosts capable of binding and transporting anions and ion pairs are now widely available, self‐assembled architectures are still rare, even though they offer an inherent mechanism for the release of the guest ion(s). In this work, we report the dynamic covalent self‐assembly of tripodal, urea‐based anion cryptates that are held together by two orthoester bridgeheads. These hosts exhibit affinity for anions such as Cl−, Br− or I− in the moderate range that is typically advantageous for applications in membrane transport. In unprecedented experiments, we were able to dissociate the Cs⋅Cl ion pair by simultaneously assembling suitably sized orthoester hosts around the Cs+ and the Cl− ion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Hollstein
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Oleksandr Shyshov
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Marko Hanževački
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Jie Zhao
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Tamara Rudolf
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christof M Jäger
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of Nottingham University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Max von Delius
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081, Ulm, Germany
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21
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Singh A, Torres-Huerta A, Vanderlinden T, Renier N, Martínez-Crespo L, Tumanov N, Wouters J, Bartik K, Jabin I, Valkenier H. Calix[6]arenes with halogen bond donor groups as selective and efficient anion transporters. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:6255-6258. [PMID: 35521967 PMCID: PMC9128489 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00847e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Here we present the anion binding and anion transport properties of a series of calix[6]arenes decorated on their small rim with either halogen bond or hydrogen bond donating groups. We show that the halogen bond donating iodotriazole groups enable highly selective transport of chloride and nitrate anions, without transport of protons or hydroxide, at rates similar to those observed with thiourea or squaramide groups. A calix[6]arene with three preorganised halogen bond donating groups gives >100-fold selectivity for Cl− uniport over HCl symport, in contrast to analogous compounds with strong hydrogen bond donating groups.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Anurag Singh
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles, Engineering Molecular NanoSystems, Avenue Franklin Roosevelt 50, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Aaron Torres-Huerta
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles, Engineering Molecular NanoSystems, Avenue Franklin Roosevelt 50, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Tom Vanderlinden
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles, Engineering Molecular NanoSystems, Avenue Franklin Roosevelt 50, 1050 Brussels, Belgium. .,Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Faculty of science, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Avenue Franklin Roosevelt 50, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Nathan Renier
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles, Engineering Molecular NanoSystems, Avenue Franklin Roosevelt 50, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Luis Martínez-Crespo
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles, Engineering Molecular NanoSystems, Avenue Franklin Roosevelt 50, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Nikolay Tumanov
- Namur Institute of Structured Matter and Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Namur, 61 rue de Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Johan Wouters
- Namur Institute of Structured Matter and Namur Research Institute for Life Sciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Namur, 61 rue de Bruxelles, B-5000 Namur, Belgium
| | - Kristin Bartik
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles, Engineering Molecular NanoSystems, Avenue Franklin Roosevelt 50, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Ivan Jabin
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Faculty of science, Laboratoire de Chimie Organique, Avenue Franklin Roosevelt 50, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Hennie Valkenier
- Université libre de Bruxelles (ULB), Ecole polytechnique de Bruxelles, Engineering Molecular NanoSystems, Avenue Franklin Roosevelt 50, 1050 Brussels, Belgium.
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22
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Hollstein S, Shyshov O, Hanževački M, Zhao J, Rudolf T, Jäger CM, Delius M. Dynamisch kovalente Selbstassemblierung von Chlorid‐ und Ionenpaar‐templierten Kryptaten. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202201831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Selina Hollstein
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Deutschland
| | - Oleksandr Shyshov
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Deutschland
| | - Marko Hanževački
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD Großbritannien
| | - Jie Zhao
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Deutschland
| | - Tamara Rudolf
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Deutschland
| | - Christof M. Jäger
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering University of Nottingham University Park Nottingham NG7 2RD Großbritannien
| | - Max Delius
- Institut für Organische Chemie Universität Ulm Albert-Einstein-Allee 11 89081 Ulm Deutschland
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23
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Picci G, Marchesan S, Caltagirone C. Ion Channels and Transporters as Therapeutic Agents: From Biomolecules to Supramolecular Medicinal Chemistry. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040885. [PMID: 35453638 PMCID: PMC9032600 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040885] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2022] [Revised: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 04/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Ion channels and transporters typically consist of biomolecules that play key roles in a large variety of physiological and pathological processes. Traditional therapies include many ion-channel blockers, and some activators, although the exact biochemical pathways and mechanisms that regulate ion homeostasis are yet to be fully elucidated. An emerging area of research with great innovative potential in biomedicine pertains the design and development of synthetic ion channels and transporters, which may provide unexplored therapeutic opportunities. However, most studies in this challenging and multidisciplinary area are still at a fundamental level. In this review, we discuss the progress that has been made over the last five years on ion channels and transporters, touching upon biomolecules and synthetic supramolecules that are relevant to biological use. We conclude with the identification of therapeutic opportunities for future exploration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Picci
- Chemical and Geological Sciences Department, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | - Silvia Marchesan
- Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Department, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (C.C.)
| | - Claudia Caltagirone
- Chemical and Geological Sciences Department, University of Cagliari, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
- Correspondence: (S.M.); (C.C.)
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24
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Yuan L, Jiang P, Hu J, Zeng H, Huo Y, Li Z, Zeng H. A highly active and selective chalcogen bond-mediated perchlorate channel. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2021.09.089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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25
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Carmichael N, Day PJR. Cell Surface Transporters and Novel Drug Developments. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:852938. [PMID: 35350751 PMCID: PMC8957865 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.852938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the numerous scientific and technological advances made within the last decade the attrition rates for new drug discovery remain as high as 95% for anticancer drugs. Recent drug development has been in part guided by Lipinski’s Rule of 5 (Ro5) even though many approved drugs do not comply to these rules. With Covid-19 vaccine development strategy dramatically accelerating drug development perhaps it is timely to question the generic drug development process itself to find a more efficient, cost effective, and successful approach. It is widely believed that drugs permeate cells via two methods: phospholipid bilayer diffusion and carrier mediated transporters. However, emerging evidence suggests that carrier mediated transport may be the primary mechanism of drug uptake and not diffusion as long believed. Computational biology increasingly assists drug design to achieve desirable absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination and toxicity (ADMET) properties. Perfecting drug entry into target cells as a prerequisite to intracellular drug action is a logical and compelling route and is expected to reduce drug attrition rates, particularly gaining favour amongst chronic lifelong therapeutics. Novel drug development is rapidly expanding from the utilisation of beyond the rule of five (bRo5) to pulsatile drug delivery systems and fragment based drug design. Utilising transporters as drug targets and advocating bRo5 molecules may be the solution to increasing drug specificity, reducing dosage and toxicity and thus revolutionising drug development. This review explores the development of cell surface transporter exploitation in drug development and the relationship with improved therapeutic index.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natasha Carmichael
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Philip J R Day
- School of Biological Sciences and Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
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26
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Wezenberg SJ, Chen LJ, Bos JE, Feringa BL, Howe ENW, Wu X, Siegler MA, Gale PA. Photomodulation of Transmembrane Transport and Potential by Stiff-Stilbene Based Bis(thio)ureas. J Am Chem Soc 2022; 144:331-338. [PMID: 34932344 PMCID: PMC8759083 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c10034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Membrane transport proteins fulfill important regulatory functions in biology with a common trait being their ability to respond to stimuli in the environment. Various small-molecule receptors, capable of mediating transmembrane transport, have been successfully developed. However, to confer stimuli-responsiveness on them poses a fundamental challenge. Here we demonstrate photocontrol of transmembrane transport and electric potential using bis(thio)ureas derived from stiff-stilbene. UV-vis and 1H NMR spectroscopy are used to monitor E-Z photoisomerization of these bis(thio)ureas and 1H NMR titrations reveal stronger binding of chloride to the (Z)-form than to the (E)-form. Additional insight into the binding properties is provided by single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis and DFT geometry optimization. Importantly, the (Z)-isomers are much more active in transmembrane transport than the respective (E)-isomers as shown through various assays. As a result, both membrane transport and depolarization can be modulated upon irradiation, opening up new prospects toward light-based therapeutics as well as physiological and optopharmacological tools for studying anion transport-associated diseases and to stimulate neuronal activity, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sander J. Wezenberg
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Li-Jun Chen
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Jasper E. Bos
- Leiden
Institute of Chemistry, Leiden University, Einsteinweg 55, 2333 CC Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Ben L. Feringa
- Stratingh
Institute for Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ethan N. W. Howe
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Xin Wu
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Maxime A. Siegler
- Department
of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, 3400 North Charles Street, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, United States
| | - Philip A. Gale
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
- The
University of Sydney Nano Institute (SydneyNano), The University of
Sydney, Sydney NSW 2006, Australia
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27
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Macreadie LK, Gilchrist AM, McNaughton DA, Ryder WG, Fares M, Gale PA. Progress in anion receptor chemistry. Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.10.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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28
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Yang J, Yu G, Sessler JL, Shin I, Gale PA, Huang F. Artificial transmembrane ion transporters as potential therapeutics. Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chempr.2021.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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29
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McNaughton DA, To TYT, Hawkins BA, Hibbs DE, Gale PA. Delivering anion transporters to lipid bilayers in water. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9624-9628. [PMID: 34709282 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob02041b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cyclodextrins have been employed as delivery agents for lipophilic anion transporters, which allow their incorporation into lipid bilayers without using an organic solvent or pre-incorporation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tsz Ying Teresa To
- School of Chemistry (F11), The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. .,Chemistry, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, UK
| | - Bryson A Hawkins
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - David E Hibbs
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Philip A Gale
- School of Chemistry (F11), The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. .,The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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30
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McNaughton DA, Macreadie LK, Gale PA. Acridinone-based anion transporters. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 19:9659-9674. [PMID: 34515286 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01545a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The arrangement of hydrogen bond donors around a central lipophilic scaffold has proven to be a successful strategy in the development of potent chloride transporters. In this work, we revisit an acridinone 1,9-bis(thio)urea motif which had previously shown promise as an anion sensor and expand the series of compounds by appending a variety of electron-withdrawing groups to the peripheral phenyl moieties. High levels of activity were achieved by the most effective compounds in the series, which facilitated strictly electroneutral transport.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Lauren K Macreadie
- School of Chemistry (F11), The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Philip A Gale
- School of Chemistry (F11), The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. .,The University of Sydney Nano Institute (SydneyNano), The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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31
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Gilchrist AM, Wang P, Carreira-Barral I, Alonso-Carrillo D, Wu X, Quesada R, Gale PA. Supramolecular methods: the 8-hydroxypyrene-1,3,6-trisulfonic acid (HPTS) transport assay. Supramol Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/10610278.2021.1999956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Wang
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | | | | | - Xin Wu
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Roberto Quesada
- Departmento De Química, Universidad De Burgos, Burgos, Spain
| | - Philip A. Gale
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (Sydney Nano), The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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32
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Laselva O, Guerra L, Castellani S, Favia M, Di Gioia S, Conese M. Small-molecule drugs for cystic fibrosis: Where are we now? Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2021; 72:102098. [PMID: 34793977 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2021.102098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease is due to the lack/dysfunction of the CF Transmembrane Conductance Regulator (CFTR), a chloride channel expressed by epithelial cells as the main regulator of ion and fluid homeostasis. More than 2000 genetic variation in the CFTR gene are known, among which those with identified pathomechanism have been divided into six VI mutation classes. A major advancement in the pharmacotherapy of CF has been the development of small-molecule drugs hitting the root of the disease, i.e. the altered ion and fluid transport through the airway epithelium. These drugs, called CFTR modulators, have been advanced to the clinics to treat nearly 90% of CF patients, including the CFTR potentiator ivacaftor, approved for residual function mutations (Classes III and IV), and combinations of correctors (lumacaftor, tezacaftor, elexacaftor) and ivacaftor for patients bearing at least one the F508del mutation, the most frequent mutation belonging to class II. To cover the 10% of CF patients without etiological therapies, other novel small-molecule CFTR modulators are in evaluation of their effectiveness in all the CFTR mutation classes: read-through agents for Class I, correctors, potentiators and amplifiers from different companies for Class II-V, stabilizers for Class VI. In alternative, other solute carriers, such as SLC26A9 and SLC6A14, are the focus of intensive investigation. Finally, other molecular targets are being evaluated for patients with no approved CFTR modulator therapy or as means of enhancing CFTR modulatory therapy, including small molecules forming ion channels, inhibitors of the ENaC sodium channel and potentiators of the calcium-activated chloride channel TMEM16A. This paper aims to give an up-to-date overview of old and novel CFTR modulators as well as of novel strategies based on small-molecule drugs. Further investigations in in-vivo and cell-based models as well as carrying out large prospective studies will be required to determine if novel CFTR modulators, stabilizers, amplifiers, and the ENaC inhibitors or TMEM16A potentiators will further improve the clinical outcomes in CF management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Onofrio Laselva
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Guerra
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Stefano Castellani
- Department of Medical Sciences and Human Oncology, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Favia
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Sante Di Gioia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy
| | - Massimo Conese
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.
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33
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Malla JA, Ahmad M, Talukdar P. Molecular Self-Assembly as a Tool to Construct Transmembrane Supramolecular Ion Channels. CHEM REC 2021; 22:e202100225. [PMID: 34766703 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202100225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Revised: 10/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Self-assembly has become a powerful tool for building various supramolecular architectures with applications in material science, environmental science, and chemical biology. One such area is the development of artificial transmembrane ion channels that mimic naturally occurring channel-forming proteins to unveil various structural and functional aspects of these complex biological systems, hoping to replace the defective protein channels with these synthetically accessible moieties. This account describes our recent approaches to construct supramolecular ion channels using synthetic molecules and their applications in medicinal chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javid Ahmad Malla
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhaba Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India
| | - Manzoor Ahmad
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhaba Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India
| | - Pinaki Talukdar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Pune, Dr. Homi Bhaba Road, Pune, Maharashtra, 411008, India
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34
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Abstract
Several life-threatening diseases, also known as 'Channelopathies' are linked to irregularities in ion transport proteins. Significant research efforts have fostered the development of artificial transport systems that facilitates to restore the functions of impaired natural transport proteins. Indeed, a few of these artificial ionophores demonstrate the rare combination of transmembrane ion transport and important biological activity, offering early promises of suitability in 'channel replacement therapy'. In this review, structural facets and functions of both cationophores and anionophores are discussed. Ionophores that are toxic to various bacteria and yeast, could be exploited as antimicrobial agent. Nevertheless, few non-toxic ionophores offer the likelihood of treating a wide range of genetic diseases caused by the gene mutations. In addition, their ability to disrupt cellular homeostasis and to alter lysosomal pH endow ionophores as promising candidates for cancer treatment. Overall, critically outlining the advances in artificial ionophores in terms of in vitro ion transport, possible modes of action and biological activities enables us to propose possible future roadmaps in this research area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arundhati Roy
- Department of Pharmacy, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Butenandtstraße 5-13, 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Pinaki Talukdar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER) Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pashan, Pune, 411008, India
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35
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Bickerton LE, Johnson TG, Kerckhoffs A, Langton MJ. Supramolecular chemistry in lipid bilayer membranes. Chem Sci 2021; 12:11252-11274. [PMID: 34567493 PMCID: PMC8409493 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc03545b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid bilayer membranes form compartments requisite for life. Interfacing supramolecular systems, including receptors, catalysts, signal transducers and ion transporters, enables the function of the membrane to be controlled in artificial and living cellular compartments. In this perspective, we take stock of the current state of the art of this rapidly expanding field, and discuss prospects for the future in both fundamental science and applications in biology and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E Bickerton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Toby G Johnson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Aidan Kerckhoffs
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
| | - Matthew J Langton
- Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford Chemistry Research Laboratory 12 Mansfield Road Oxford OX1 3TA UK
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36
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Li C, Manick AD, Yang J, Givaudan D, Biletskyi B, Michaud-Chevalier S, Dutasta JP, Hérault D, Bugaut X, Chatelet B, Martinez A. The Chloroazaphosphatrane Motif for Halogen Bonding in Solution. Inorg Chem 2021; 60:11964-11973. [PMID: 34319095 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.1c01005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Chloroazaphosphatranes, the corresponding halogenophosphonium cations of the Verkade superbases, were evaluated as a new motif for halogen bonding (XB). Their modulable synthesis allowed for synthetizing chloroazaphosphatranes with various substituents on the nitrogen atoms. The binding constants determined from NMR titration experiments for Cl-, Br-, I-, AcO-, and CN- anions are comparable to those obtained with conventional iodine-based monodentate XB receptors. Remarkably, the protonated azaphosphatrane counterparts display no affinity for anions under the same conditions. The strength of the XB interaction is, to some extent, related to the basicity of the corresponding Verkade superbase. The halogen bonding abilities of this new class of halogen donor motif were also revealed by the Δδ(31P) NMR shift observed in CD2Cl2 solution in the presence of triethylphosphine oxide (TEPO). Thus, chloroazaphosphatranes constitute a new class of halogen bond donors, expanding the repertory of XB motifs mainly based on CAr-I bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunyang Li
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jian Yang
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - David Givaudan
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Bohdan Biletskyi
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | | | - Jean-Pierre Dutasta
- Laboratoire de Chimie, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, CNRS, 46 allée d'Italie, F-69364 Lyon, France
| | - Damien Hérault
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Xavier Bugaut
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
| | - Bastien Chatelet
- Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, iSm2, Marseille, France
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37
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Bickerton LE, Docker A, Sterling AJ, Kuhn H, Duarte F, Beer PD, Langton MJ. Highly Active Halogen Bonding and Chalcogen Bonding Chloride Transporters with Non-Protonophoric Activity. Chemistry 2021; 27:11738-11745. [PMID: 34014001 PMCID: PMC8453555 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202101681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic anion transporters show much promise as potential anti-cancer agents and therapeutics for diseases associated with mis-regulation of protein anion channels. In such applications high activity and anion selectivity are crucial to overcome competing proton or hydroxide transport which dissipates cellular pH gradients. Here, highly active bidentate halogen bonding and chalcogen bonding anion carriers based on electron deficient iodo- and telluromethyl-triazole derivatives are reported. Anion transport experiments in lipid bilayer vesicles reveal record nanomolar chloride transport activity for the bidentate halogen bonding anion carrier, and remarkably high chloride over proton/hydroxide selectivity for the chalcogen bonding anionophore. Computational studies provide further insight into the role of sigma-hole mediated anion recognition and desolvation at the membrane interface. Comparison with hydrogen bonding analogues demonstrates the importance of employing sigma-hole donor motifs in synthetic anionophores for achieving both high transport activity and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura E. Bickerton
- Department of Chemistry Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Andrew Docker
- Department of Chemistry Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Alistair J. Sterling
- Department of Chemistry Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Heike Kuhn
- Department of Chemistry Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Fernanda Duarte
- Department of Chemistry Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Department of Chemistry Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
| | - Matthew J. Langton
- Department of Chemistry Chemistry Research LaboratoryUniversity of OxfordMansfield RoadOxfordOX1 3TAUK
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38
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Pinto MC, Silva IAL, Figueira MF, Amaral MD, Lopes-Pacheco M. Pharmacological Modulation of Ion Channels for the Treatment of Cystic Fibrosis. J Exp Pharmacol 2021; 13:693-723. [PMID: 34326672 PMCID: PMC8316759 DOI: 10.2147/jep.s255377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a life-shortening monogenic disease caused by mutations in the gene encoding the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) protein, an anion channel that transports chloride and bicarbonate across epithelia. Despite clinical progress in delaying disease progression with symptomatic therapies, these individuals still develop various chronic complications in lungs and other organs, which significantly restricts their life expectancy and quality of life. The development of high-throughput assays to screen drug-like compound libraries have enabled the discovery of highly effective CFTR modulator therapies. These novel therapies target the primary defect underlying CF and are now approved for clinical use for individuals with specific CF genotypes. However, the clinically approved modulators only partially reverse CFTR dysfunction and there is still a considerable number of individuals with CF carrying rare CFTR mutations who remain without any effective CFTR modulator therapy. Accordingly, additional efforts have been pursued to identify novel and more potent CFTR modulators that may benefit a larger CF population. The use of ex vivo individual-derived specimens has also become a powerful tool to evaluate novel drugs and predict their effectiveness in a personalized medicine approach. In addition to CFTR modulators, pro-drugs aiming at modulating alternative ion channels/transporters are under development to compensate for the lack of CFTR function. These therapies may restore normal mucociliary clearance through a mutation-agnostic approach (ie, independent of CFTR mutation) and include inhibitors of the epithelial sodium channel (ENaC), modulators of the calcium-activated channel transmembrane 16A (TMEM16, or anoctamin 1) or of the solute carrier family 26A member 9 (SLC26A9), and anionophores. The present review focuses on recent progress and challenges for the development of ion channel/transporter-modulating drugs for the treatment of CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madalena C Pinto
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Iris A L Silva
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miriam F Figueira
- Marsico Lung Institute/Cystic Fibrosis Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - Margarida D Amaral
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Miquéias Lopes-Pacheco
- Biosystems & Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculty of Sciences, University of Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
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39
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Wang
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Xin Wu
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip A. Gale
- School of Chemistry, The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
- The University of Sydney Nano Institute (SydneyNano), The University of Sydney, NSW, Australia
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40
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Shen J, Ye R, Zeng H. Crystal Packing‐Guided Construction of Hetero‐Oligomeric Peptidic Ensembles as Synthetic 3‐in‐1 Transporters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Department of Chemistry College of Science Hainan University Haikou Hainan 570228 China
| | - Ruijuan Ye
- Department of Chemistry College of Science Hainan University Haikou Hainan 570228 China
| | - Huaqiang Zeng
- Department of Chemistry College of Science Hainan University Haikou Hainan 570228 China
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41
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Shen J, Ye R, Zeng H. Crystal Packing-Guided Construction of Hetero-Oligomeric Peptidic Ensembles as Synthetic 3-in-1 Transporters. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12924-12930. [PMID: 33755290 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Strategies to generate heteromeric peptidic ensembles via a social self-sorting process are limited. Herein, we report a crystal packing-inspired social self-sorting strategy broadly applicable to diverse types of H-bonded peptidic frameworks. Specifically, a crystal structure of H-bonded alkyl chain-appended monopeptides reveals an inter-chain separation distance of 4.8 Å dictated by the H-bonded amide groups, which is larger than 4.1 Å separation distance desired by the tightly packed straight alkyl chains. This incompatibility results in loosely packed alkyl chains, prompting us to investigate and validate the feasibility of applying bulky tert-butyl groups, modified with an anion-binding group, to alternatively interpenetrate the straight alkyl chains, modified with a crown ether group. Structurally, this social self-sorting approach generates highly stable hetero-oligomeric ensembles, having alternated anion- and cation-binding units vertically aligned to the same side. Functionally, these hetero-oligomeric ensembles promote transmembrane transport of cations, anions and more interestingly zwitterionic species such as amino acids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Shen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Ruijuan Ye
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
| | - Huaqiang Zeng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Hainan University, Haikou, Hainan, 570228, China
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42
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Piazzolla F, Mercier V, Assies L, Sakai N, Roux A, Matile S. Fluorescent Membrane Tension Probes for Early Endosomes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:12258-12263. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.202016105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Piazzolla
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Vincent Mercier
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Lea Assies
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Aurelien Roux
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
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43
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Piazzolla F, Mercier V, Assies L, Sakai N, Roux A, Matile S. Fluorescent Membrane Tension Probes for Early Endosomes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202016105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Piazzolla
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Vincent Mercier
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Lea Assies
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Aurelien Roux
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
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44
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Pomorski R, García-Valverde M, Quesada R, Chmielewski MJ. Transmembrane anion transport promoted by thioamides. RSC Adv 2021; 11:12249-12253. [PMID: 35423746 PMCID: PMC8697034 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra01646f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Thioamide groups represent useful hydrogen-bonding motifs for the development of active transmembrane anion transporters. Using a 1,8-di(thioamido)carbazole scaffold the superior performance of thioamides compared with the parent amides has been demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Pomorski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
| | | | - Roberto Quesada
- Departamento de Química, Universidad de Burgos Burgos 09001 Spain
| | - Michał J Chmielewski
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw Żwirki i Wigury 101 02-089 Warszawa Poland
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45
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Zaleskaya M, Jagleniec D, Romański J. Macrocyclic squaramides as ion pair receptors and fluorescent sensors selective towards sulfates. Dalton Trans 2021; 50:3904-3915. [PMID: 33635308 DOI: 10.1039/d0dt04273k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Through the high dilution technique, we obtained macrocyclic ion pair receptors R1 and R2, an anion receptor R3, and a fluorescent sensor R4 using a combination of particular members of simple libraries consisting of synthesized diamines and methyl squarates, respectively. The receptors were investigated in terms of anion and ion pair binding using the 1H NMR titration method in DMSO-d6. We found that the major contribution to the anion binding comes from the interaction with the squaramide protons rather than with the amide functions of the receptors. The receptors demonstrated the highest affinity towards benzoates and sulfates over the anions tested, and in the case of sulfate binding more complex equilibria in solution were observed. Unlike the anion receptor R3, the ion pair receptor R1 was found to recognize anions in an enhanced manner with the assistance of sodium or potassium cations. Tethering of a simple fluorophore in close proximity to the amide function of receptor R4 resulted in an optical ion pair sensor selective towards sulfates. DFT calculations carried out for the 1 : 1 complexes of R3 with the anions helped clarify this selectivity, showing more effective participation of tetrahedral sulfate anions in binding with the amide function than in the case of benzoates or chlorides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Zaleskaya
- Faculty of Chemistry, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 1, PL 02-093 Warsaw, Poland.
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46
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Yokoya M, Kimura S, Yamanaka M. Urea Derivatives as Functional Molecules: Supramolecular Capsules, Supramolecular Polymers, Supramolecular Gels, Artificial Hosts, and Catalysts. Chemistry 2021; 27:5601-5614. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.202004367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Masashi Yokoya
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University (MPU) 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Japan
| | - Shinya Kimura
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University (MPU) 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Japan
| | - Masamichi Yamanaka
- Meiji Pharmaceutical University (MPU) 2-522-1 Noshio Kiyose 204-8588 Japan
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47
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Wang ZK, Hong XQ, Hu J, Xing YY, Chen WH. Synthesis and biological activity of squaramido-tethered bisbenzimidazoles as synthetic anion transporters. RSC Adv 2021; 11:3972-3980. [PMID: 35424339 PMCID: PMC8694315 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10189c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of squaramido-tethered bisbenzimidazoles were synthesized from the reaction of diethyl squarate with substituted 2-aminomethylbenzimidazoles. These conjugates exhibit moderate binding affinity toward chloride anions. They are able to facilitate the transmembrane transport of chloride anions most probably via an anion exchange process, and tend to be more active at acidic pH than at physiological pH. The viability of these conjugates toward four selected solid tumor cell lines was evaluated using an MTT assay and the results suggest that some of these conjugates exhibit moderate cytotoxicity probably in an apoptotic fashion. A series of squaramido-tethered bisbenzimidazoles were synthesized and found to exhibit moderate anion transport and cytotoxicity.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhong-Kun Wang
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen 529020
- P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Qiao Hong
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Tsinghua University
- Beijing 100084
- P. R. China
| | - Jinhui Hu
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen 529020
- P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Xing
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen 529020
- P. R. China
| | - Wen-Hua Chen
- School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences
- Wuyi University
- Jiangmen 529020
- P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Oncogenomics
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48
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Yadav E, Khatana AK, Sebastian S, Gupta MK. DAP derived fatty acid amide organogelators as novel carrier for drug incorporation and pH-responsive release. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04611f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Low-molecular mass fatty acid amide gelators were synthesized using 2,6-diaminopyridine as a linker and alkyl chains of varying lengths. The prepared organogel-elusions are able to trap and release ibuprofen molecule without changing its structure and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eqvinshi Yadav
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Central University of Haryana
- Haryana
- India
| | - Anil Kumar Khatana
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Central University of Haryana
- Haryana
- India
| | - Sharol Sebastian
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Central University of Haryana
- Haryana
- India
| | - Manoj K. Gupta
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Basic Sciences
- Central University of Haryana
- Haryana
- India
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49
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Knighton RC, Beer PD. Sodium cation-templated synthesis of an ion-pair binding heteroditopic [2]catenane. Org Chem Front 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1qo00247c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel method utilising sodium cation templation between a pyridinium bridged calix[4]diquinone macrocycle and a pyridine-N-oxide functionalised macrocycle precursor motif is used for the construction of a mechanically interlocked ion-pair.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard C. Knighton
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
| | - Paul D. Beer
- Chemistry Research Laboratory
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Oxford
- Oxford
- UK
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Li N, Chen F, Shen J, Zhang H, Wang T, Ye R, Li T, Loh TP, Yang YY, Zeng H. Buckyball-Based Spherical Display of Crown Ethers for De Novo Custom Design of Ion Transport Selectivity. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:21082-21090. [PMID: 33274928 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c09655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Searching for membrane-active synthetic analogues that are structurally simple yet functionally comparable to natural channel proteins has been of central research interest in the past four decades, yet custom design of the ion transport selectivity still remains a grand challenge. Here we report on a suite of buckyball-based molecular balls (MBs), enabling transmembrane ion transport selectivity to be custom designable. The modularly tunable MBm-Cn (m = 4-7; n = 6-12) structures consist of a C60-fullerene core, flexible alkyl linkers Cn (i.e., C6 for n-C6H12 group), and peripherally aligned benzo-3m-crown-m ethers (i.e., m = 4 for benzo-12-crown-4) as ion-transporting units. Screening a matrix of 16 such MBs, combinatorially derived from four different crown units and four different Cn linkers, intriguingly revealed that their transport selectivity well resembles the intrinsic ion binding affinity of the respective benzo-crown units present, making custom design of the transport selectivity possible. Specifically, MB4s, containing benzo-12-crown-4 units, all are Li+-selective in transmembrane ion transport, with the most active MB4-C10 exhibiting an EC50(Li+) value of 0.13 μM (corresponding to 0.13 mol % of the lipid present) while excluding all other monovalent alkali-metal ions. Likewise, the most Na+ selective MB5-C8 and K+ selective MB6-C8 demonstrate high Na+/K+ and K+/Na+ selectivity values of 13.7 and 7.8, respectively. For selectivity to Rb+ and Cs+ ions, the most active MB7-C8 displays exceptionally high transport efficiencies, with an EC50(Rb+) value of 105 nM (0.11 mol %) and an EC50(Cs+) value of 77 nM (0.079 mol %).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Li
- The NanoBio Lab, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669
| | - Feng Chen
- The NanoBio Lab, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669
| | - Jie Shen
- The NanoBio Lab, 31 Biopolis Way, The Nanos, Singapore 138669
| | - Hao Zhang
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China.,Yangtze River Delta Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianxiang Wang
- School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Ruijuan Ye
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China.,Yangtze River Delta Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, People's Republic of China
| | - Tianhu Li
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China.,Yangtze River Delta Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, People's Republic of China
| | - Teck Peng Loh
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China.,Yangtze River Delta Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, People's Republic of China.,School of Physical & Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 21 Nanyang Link, Singapore 637371
| | - Yi Yan Yang
- Institute of Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, 31 Biopolis Way, #07-01, The Nanos, Singapore 138669
| | - Huaqiang Zeng
- Institute of Advanced Synthesis, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710072, People's Republic of China.,Yangtze River Delta Research Institute, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Taicang, Jiangsu 215400, People's Republic of China
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