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Tang Q, Tan Y, Leng S, Liu Q, Zhu L, Wang C. Cupric-polymeric nanoreactors integrate into copper metabolism to promote chronic diabetic wounds healing. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101087. [PMID: 38784443 PMCID: PMC11111831 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2024] [Revised: 04/13/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Given multifunction of copper (Cu) contributing to all stages of the physiology of wound healing, Cu-based compounds have great therapeutic potentials to accelerate the wound healing, but they must be limited to a very low concentration range to avoid detrimental accumulation. Additionally, the cellular mechanism of Cu-based compounds participating the healing process remains elusive. In this study, copper oxide nanoparticles (CuONPs) were synthesized to mimic the multiple natural enzymes and trapped into PEG-b-PCL polymersomes (PS) to construct cupric-polymeric nanoreactors (CuO@PS) via a direct hydration method, thus allowing to compartmentalize Cu-based catalytic reactions in an isolated space to improve the efficiency, selectivity, recyclability as well as biocompatibility. While nanoreactors trafficked to lysosomes following endocytosis, the released Cu-based compounds in lysosomal lumen drove a cytosolic Cu+ influx to mobilize Cu metabolism mostly via Atox1-ATP7a/b-Lox axis, thereby activating the phosphorylation of mitogen-activated protein kinase 1 and 2 (MEK1/2) to initiate downstream signaling events associated with cell proliferation, migration and angiogenesis. Moreover, to facilitate to lay on wounds, cupric-polymeric nanoreactors were finely dispersed into a thermosensitive Pluronic F127 hydrogel to form a composite hydrogel sheet that promoted the healing of chronic wounds in diabetic rat models. Hence, cupric-polymeric nanoreactors represented an attractive translational strategy to harness cellular Cu metabolism for chronic wounds healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yinqiu Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, 1277 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Shaolong Leng
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Qi Liu
- The First Dongguan Affiliated Hospital Guangdong Medical University No. 42, Jiaoping Road Dongguan, Guangdong, 523710, China
| | - Linyu Zhu
- Department of Dermatovenereology, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cuifeng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, JiuJiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiujiang, China
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2
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Beach M, Nayanathara U, Gao Y, Zhang C, Xiong Y, Wang Y, Such GK. Polymeric Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery. Chem Rev 2024; 124:5505-5616. [PMID: 38626459 PMCID: PMC11086401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/18/2024]
Abstract
The recent emergence of nanomedicine has revolutionized the therapeutic landscape and necessitated the creation of more sophisticated drug delivery systems. Polymeric nanoparticles sit at the forefront of numerous promising drug delivery designs, due to their unmatched control over physiochemical properties such as size, shape, architecture, charge, and surface functionality. Furthermore, polymeric nanoparticles have the ability to navigate various biological barriers to precisely target specific sites within the body, encapsulate a diverse range of therapeutic cargo and efficiently release this cargo in response to internal and external stimuli. However, despite these remarkable advantages, the presence of polymeric nanoparticles in wider clinical application is minimal. This review will provide a comprehensive understanding of polymeric nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles. The biological barriers affecting drug delivery will be outlined first, followed by a comprehensive description of the various nanoparticle designs and preparation methods, beginning with the polymers on which they are based. The review will meticulously explore the current performance of polymeric nanoparticles against a myriad of diseases including cancer, viral and bacterial infections, before finally evaluating the advantages and crucial challenges that will determine their wider clinical potential in the decades to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian
A. Beach
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Umeka Nayanathara
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yanting Gao
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Changhe Zhang
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yijun Xiong
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Yufu Wang
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Georgina K. Such
- School
of Chemistry, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia
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3
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Xu Q, Wang Y, Zheng Y, Zhu Y, Li Z, Liu Y, Ding M. Polymersomes in Drug Delivery─From Experiment to Computational Modeling. Biomacromolecules 2024; 25:2114-2135. [PMID: 38011222 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023]
Abstract
Polymersomes, composed of amphiphilic block copolymers, are self-assembled vesicles that have gained attention as potential drug delivery systems due to their good biocompatibility, stability, and versatility. Various experimental techniques have been employed to characterize the self-assembly behaviors and properties of polymersomes. However, they have limitations in revealing molecular details and underlying mechanisms. Computational modeling techniques have emerged as powerful tools to complement experimental studies and enabled researchers to examine drug delivery mechanisms at molecular resolution. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the state of the art in the field of polymersome-based drug delivery systems, with an emphasis on insights gained from both experimental and computational studies. Specifically, we focus on polymersome morphologies, self-assembly kinetics, fusion and fission, behaviors in flow, as well as drug encapsulation and release mechanisms. Furthermore, we also identify existing challenges and limitations in this rapidly evolving field and suggest possible directions for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qianru Xu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yiwei Wang
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yi Zheng
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yuling Zhu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Zifen Li
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
| | - Mingming Ding
- College of Polymer Science and Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, P. R. China
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4
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Zheng Y, Niino H, Chatani S, Goto A. Preparation of Block Copolymer Self-Assemblies via Pisa in a Non-Polar Medium Based on RCMP. Macromol Rapid Commun 2024; 45:e2300635. [PMID: 38284465 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) is conducted in a non-polar medium (n-dodecane) via reversible complexation-mediated polymerization (RCMP). Stearyl methacrylate (SMA) is used to synthesize a macroinitiator, and subsequent block polymerization of benzyl methacrylate (BzMA) from the macroinitiator in n-dodecane afforded a PSMA-PBzMA block copolymer, where PSMA is poly(stearyl methacrylate) and PBzMA is poly(benzyl methacrylate). Because PSMA is soluble but PBzMA is insoluble in n-dodecane, the block copolymer formed a self-assembly during the block polymerization (PISA). Spherical micelles, worms, and vesicles are obtained, depending on the degrees of polymerization of PSMA and PBzMA. "One-pot" PISA is also attained; namely, BzMA is directly added to the reaction mixture of the macroinitiator synthesis, and PISA is conducted in the same pot without purification of the macroinitiator. The spherical micelle and vesicle structures are also fixed using a crosslinkable monomer during PISA. RCMP-PISA is highly attractive as it is odorless and metal-free. The "one-pot" synthesis does not require the purification of the macroinitiator. RCMP-PISA can provide a practical approach to synthesize self-assemblies in non-polar media.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Zheng
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459
| | - Hiroshi Niino
- Hiroshima R&D Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, 20-1 Miyuki-cho, Otake, Hiroshima, 739-0693, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Chatani
- Hiroshima R&D Center, Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation, 20-1 Miyuki-cho, Otake, Hiroshima, 739-0693, Japan
| | - Atsushi Goto
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, Singapore, 637459
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5
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Kawelah MR, Han S, Atila Dincer C, Jeon J, Brisola J, Hussain AF, Jeevarathinam AS, Bouchard R, Marras AE, Truskett TM, Sokolov KV, Johnston KP. Antibody-Conjugated Polymersomes with Encapsulated Indocyanine Green J-Aggregates and High Near-Infrared Absorption for Molecular Photoacoustic Cancer Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:5598-5612. [PMID: 38270979 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
Imaging plays a critical role in all stages of cancer care from early detection to diagnosis, prognosis, and therapy monitoring. Recently, photoacoustic imaging (PAI) has started to emerge into the clinical realm due to its high sensitivity and ability to penetrate tissues up to several centimeters deep. Herein, we encapsulated indocyanine green J (ICGJ) aggregate, one of the only FDA-approved organic exogenous contrast agents that absorbs in the near-infrared range, at high loadings up to ∼40% w/w within biodegradable polymersomes (ICGJ-Ps) composed of poly(lactide-co-glycolide-b-polyethylene glycol) (PLGA-b-PEG). The small Ps hydrodynamic diameter of 80 nm is advantageous for in vivo applications, while directional conjugation with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) targeting cetuximab antibodies renders molecular specificity. Even when exposed to serum, the ∼11 nm-thick membrane of the Ps prevents dissociation of the encapsulated ICGJ for at least 48 h with a high ratio of ICGJ to monomeric ICG absorbances (i.e., I895/I780 ratio) of approximately 5.0 that enables generation of a strong NIR photoacoustic (PA) signal. The PA signal of polymersome-labeled breast cancer cells is proportional to the level of cellular EGFR expression, indicating the feasibility of molecular PAI with antibody-conjugated ICGJ-Ps. Furthermore, the labeled cells were successfully detected with PAI in highly turbid tissue-mimicking phantoms up to a depth of 5 mm with the PA signal proportional to the amount of cells. These data show the potential of molecular PAI with ICGJ-Ps for clinical applications such as tumor margin detection, evaluation of lymph nodes for the presence of micrometastasis, and laparoscopic imaging procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed R Kawelah
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Sangheon Han
- Department of Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Ceren Atila Dincer
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ankara Universit, Ankara 06100, Turkey
| | - Jongyeong Jeon
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Joel Brisola
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Aasim F Hussain
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | | | - Richard Bouchard
- Department of Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
| | - Alexander E Marras
- Walker Department of Mechanical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Thomas M Truskett
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
| | - Konstantin V Sokolov
- Department of Imaging Physics, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, United States
| | - Keith P Johnston
- McKetta Department of Chemical Engineering, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
- Texas Materials Institute, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, United States
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6
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Li W, Zhang S, Kleuskens S, Portale G, Engelkamp H, Christianen PCM, Wilson DA. Programmable Compartment Networks by Unraveling the Stress-Dependent Deformation of Polymer Vesicles. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2306219. [PMID: 37803926 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202306219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Nanocontainers that can sense and respond to environmental stimuli like cells are desirable for next-generation delivery systems. However, it is still a grand challenge for synthetic nanocontainers to mimic or even surpass the shape adaption of cells, which may produce novel compartments for cargo loading. Here, this work reports the engineering of compartment network with a single polymer vesicle by unraveling osmotic stress-dependent deformation. Specifically, by manipulating the way in exerting the stress, sudden increase or gradual increase, polymer vesicles can either undergo deflation into the stomatocyte, a bowl-shaped vesicle enclosing a new compartment, or tubulation into the tubule of varied length. Such stress-dependent deformation inspired us to program the shape transformation of polymer vesicles, including tubulation, deflation, or first tubulation and then deflation. The coupled deformation successfully transforms the polymer vesicle into the stomatocyte with tubular arms and a network of two or three small stomatocytes connected by tubules. To the author's knowledge, these morphologies are still not accessed by synthetic nanocontainers. This work envisions that the network of stomatocytes may enable the loading of different catalysts to construct novel motile systems, and the well-defined morphology of vesicles helps to define the effect of morphology on cellar uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen, 6525AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Shaohua Zhang
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen, 6525AJ, The Netherlands
| | - Sandra Kleuskens
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen, 6525AJ, The Netherlands
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML-EMFL), Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, Nijmegen, 6525ED, The Netherlands
| | - Giuseppe Portale
- Zernike Institute for Advanced Materials, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, Groningen, 9747AG, The Netherlands
| | - Hans Engelkamp
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen, 6525AJ, The Netherlands
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML-EMFL), Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, Nijmegen, 6525ED, The Netherlands
| | - Peter C M Christianen
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen, 6525AJ, The Netherlands
- High Field Magnet Laboratory (HFML-EMFL), Radboud University, Toernooiveld 7, Nijmegen, 6525ED, The Netherlands
| | - Daniela A Wilson
- Institute for Molecules and Materials, Radboud University, Heyendaalseweg 135, Nijmegen, 6525AJ, The Netherlands
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7
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Fonseca M, Jarak I, Victor F, Domingues C, Veiga F, Figueiras A. Polymersomes as the Next Attractive Generation of Drug Delivery Systems: Definition, Synthesis and Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:319. [PMID: 38255485 PMCID: PMC10817611 DOI: 10.3390/ma17020319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Polymersomes are artificial nanoparticles formed by the self-assembly process of amphiphilic block copolymers composed of hydrophobic and hydrophilic blocks. They can encapsulate hydrophilic molecules in the aqueous core and hydrophobic molecules within the membrane. The composition of block copolymers can be tuned, enabling control of characteristics and properties of formed polymersomes and, thus, their application in areas such as drug delivery, diagnostics, or bioimaging. The preparation methods of polymersomes can also impact their characteristics and the preservation of the encapsulated drugs. Many methods have been described, including direct hydration, thin film hydration, electroporation, the pH-switch method, solvent shift method, single and double emulsion method, flash nanoprecipitation, and microfluidic synthesis. Considering polymersome structure and composition, there are several types of polymersomes including theranostic polymersomes, polymersomes decorated with targeting ligands for selective delivery, stimuli-responsive polymersomes, or porous polymersomes with multiple promising applications. Due to the shortcomings related to the stability, efficacy, and safety of some therapeutics in the human body, polymersomes as drug delivery systems have been good candidates to improve the quality of therapies against a wide range of diseases, including cancer. Chemotherapy and immunotherapy can be improved by using polymersomes to deliver the drugs, protecting and directing them to the exact site of action. Moreover, this approach is also promising for targeted delivery of biologics since they represent a class of drugs with poor stability and high susceptibility to in vivo clearance. However, the lack of a well-defined regulatory plan for polymersome formulations has hampered their follow-up to clinical trials and subsequent market entry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Fonseca
- Univ. Coimbra, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.); (I.J.); (C.D.); (F.V.)
| | - Ivana Jarak
- Univ. Coimbra, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.); (I.J.); (C.D.); (F.V.)
- Instituto de Investigação e Inovação em Saúde, University of Porto, 4200-135 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francis Victor
- Department of Pharmacy, University Chenab Gujarat, Punjab 50700, Pakistan;
| | - Cátia Domingues
- Univ. Coimbra, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.); (I.J.); (C.D.); (F.V.)
- Univ. Coimbra, REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Univ. Coimbra, Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Area of Environment Genetics and Oncobiology (CIMAGO), Faculty of Medicine, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francisco Veiga
- Univ. Coimbra, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.); (I.J.); (C.D.); (F.V.)
- Univ. Coimbra, REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana Figueiras
- Univ. Coimbra, Laboratory of Drug Development and Technologies, Faculty of Pharmacy, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal; (M.F.); (I.J.); (C.D.); (F.V.)
- Univ. Coimbra, REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
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8
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Grillo DA, Albano JMR, Valladares T. RE, Mocskos EE, Facelli JC, Pickholz M, Ferraro MB. Molecular dynamics study of the mechanical properties of drug loaded model systems: A comparison of a polymersome with a bilayer. J Chem Phys 2023; 159:174908. [PMID: 37929867 PMCID: PMC10629967 DOI: 10.1063/5.0165478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this work we implement a new methodology to study structural and mechanical properties of systems having spherical and planar symmetries throughout Molecular Dynamics simulations. This methodology is applied here to a drug delivery system based in polymersomes, as an example. The chosen model drug was the local anesthetic prilocaine due to previous parameterization within the used coarse grain scheme. In our approach, mass density profiles (MDPs) are used to obtain key structural parameters of the systems, and pressure profiles are used to estimate the curvature elastic parameters. The calculation of pressure profiles and radial MPDs required the development of specific methods, which were implemented in an in-house built version of the GROMACS 2018 code. The methodology presented in this work is applied to characterize poly(ethylene oxide)-poly(butadiene) polymersomes and bilayers loaded with the model drug prilocaine. Our results show that structural properties of the polymersome membrane could be obtained from bilayer simulations, with significantly lower computational cost compared to whole polymersome simulations, but the bilayer simulations are insufficient to get insights on their mechanical aspects, since the elastic parameters are canceled out for the complete bilayer (as consequence of the symmetry). The simulations of entire polymersomes, although more complex, offer a complementary approach to get insights on the mechanical behavior of the systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Juan M. R. Albano
- CONICET - Universidad de Buenos Aires, Instituto de Física de Buenos Aires (IFIBA), Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Rufino E. Valladares T.
- Universidad de Buenos Aires, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales, Departamento de Física, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | | | - Julio C. Facelli
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah, 421 Wakara Way, Suite 140, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA
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Phan H, Cavanagh R, Jacob P, Destouches D, Vacherot F, Brugnoli B, Howdle S, Taresco V, Couturaud B. Synthesis of Multifunctional Polymersomes Prepared by Polymerization-Induced Self-Assembly. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3070. [PMID: 37514459 PMCID: PMC10383388 DOI: 10.3390/polym15143070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymersomes are an exciting modality for drug delivery due to their structural similarity to biological cells and their ability to encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs. In this regard, the current work aimed to develop multifunctional polymersomes, integrating dye (with hydrophobic Nile red and hydrophilic sulfo-cyanine5-NHS ester as model drugs) encapsulation, stimulus responsiveness, and surface-ligand modifications. Polymersomes constituting poly(N-2-hydroxypropylmethacrylamide)-b-poly(N-(2-(methylthio)ethyl)acrylamide) (PHPMAm-b-PMTEAM) are prepared by aqueous dispersion RAFT-mediated polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA). The hydrophilic block lengths have an effect on the obtained morphologies, with short chain P(HPMAm)16 affording spheres and long chain P(HPMAm)43 yielding vesicles. This further induces different responses to H2O2, with spheres fragmenting and vesicles aggregating. Folic acid (FA) is successfully conjugated to the P(HPMAm)43, which self-assembles into FA-functionalized P(HPMAm)43-b-P(MTEAM)300 polymersomes. The FA-functionalized P(HPMAm)43-b-P(MTEAM)300 polymersomes entrap both hydrophobic Nile red (NR) and hydrophilic Cy5 dye. The NR-loaded FA-linked polymersomes exhibit a controlled release of the encapsulated NR dye when exposed to 10 mM H2O2. All the polymersomes formed are stable in human plasma and well-tolerated in MCF-7 breast cancer cells. These preliminary results demonstrate that, with simple and scalable chemistry, PISA offers access to different shapes and opens up the possibility of the one-pot synthesis of multicompartmental and responsive polymersomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hien Phan
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), CNRS, University Paris Est Créteil, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Robert Cavanagh
- School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Philippa Jacob
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | | | | | - Benedetta Brugnoli
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| | - Steve Howdle
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Vincenzo Taresco
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham NG7 2RD, UK
| | - Benoit Couturaud
- Institut de Chimie et des Matériaux Paris-Est (ICMPE), CNRS, University Paris Est Créteil, UMR 7182, 2 Rue Henri Dunant, 94320 Thiais, France
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10
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Barman R, Bej R, Dey P, Ghosh S. Cisplatin-Conjugated Polyurethane Capsule for Dual Drug Delivery to a Cancer Cell. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:25193-25200. [PMID: 36745598 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c22146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
This paper describes the synthesis of a polymer-prodrug conjugate, its aqueous self-assembly, noncovalent encapsulation of a second drug, and stimuli-responsive intracellular dual drug delivery. Condensation polymerization between a functionalized diol and a commercially available diisocyanate in the presence of poly(ethylene glycol) hydroxide (PEG-OH) as the chain stopper produces an ABA-type amphiphilic block copolymer (PU-1) in one pot, with the middle hydrophobic block being a polyurethane containing a pendant tert-butyloxycarbonyl (Boc)-protected amine in every repeating unit. Deprotection of the Boc group, followed by covalent attachment of the Pt(IV) prodrug using the pendant amine groups, produces the polymer-prodrug conjugate PU-Pt-1, which aggregates to nanocapsule-like structures in water with a hydrophilic interior. In the presence of sodium ascorbate, the Pt(IV) prodrug can be detached from the polymer backbone, producing the active Pt(II) drug. Cell culture studies show appreciable cell viability by the parent polymer. However, the polymer-prodrug conjugate nanocapsules exhibit cellular uptake and intracellular release of the active drug under a reducing environment. The capsule-like aggregates of the polymer-prodrug conjugate were used for noncovalent encapsulation of a second drug, doxorubicin (Dox), and Dox-loaded PU-Pt-1 aggregate showed a significantly superior cell killing efficiency compared to either of the individual drugs, highlighting the promising application of such a dual-drug-delivery approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ranajit Barman
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Raju Bej
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Pradip Dey
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
| | - Suhrit Ghosh
- School of Applied and Interdisciplinary Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, 2A and 2B Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Kolkata 700032, India
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11
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Surapaneni SG, Choudhari SN, Avhad SV, Ambade AV. Permeable polymersomes from temperature and pH dual stimuli-responsive PVCL-b-PLL block copolymers for enhanced cell internalization and lysosome targeting. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2023; 151:213454. [PMID: 37150082 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2023.213454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
A series of dual stimuli-responsive block copolymers comprising temperature-responsive poly(N-vinylcaprolactam) (PVCL) and biodegradable pH-responsive poly(l-lysine) (PLL) of varying chain length were synthesized by a combination of free radical polymerization and ring opening polymerization. The block copolymers formed micelles and vesicles (polymersomes) in response to temperature and pH, respectively, in aqueous solution. The nanoassemblies were characterized by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering techniques. Encapsulation of both hydrophobic and hydrophilic dyes in the polymersomes was shown. Doxorubicin (DOX) was loaded in the polymersomes and its controlled release in response to the two stimuli, independently and jointly, was studied. The drug was found to be released due to stimuli-induced increased permeability without disassembly of the polymersomes. A significant increase in the cellular uptake of the drug-loaded polymersomes at hyperthermia conditions was demonstrated at 41 °C and release of the drug upon localization in lysosomes was observed. Cellular internalization pathway of the polymersomes was investigated by competitive inhibition assay and a combination of endocytic pathways dominated by caveolae-mediated mechanism was found to be operative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sai Geetika Surapaneni
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Shakeb N Choudhari
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Shankarrao V Avhad
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Ashootosh V Ambade
- Polymer Science and Engineering Division, CSIR-National Chemical Laboratory, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India.
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12
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de Oliveira FA, C S Batista C, J C Albuquerque L, Černoch P, Steinhart M, Sincari V, Jager A, Jager E, Giacomelli FC. Tuning the morphology of block copolymer-based pH-triggered nanoplatforms as driven by changes in molecular weight and protocol of manufacturing. J Colloid Interface Sci 2023; 635:406-416. [PMID: 36599239 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.12.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The ability to tune size and morphology of self-assemblies is particularly relevant in the development of delivery systems. By tailoring such structural parameters, one can provide larger cargo spaces or produce nanocarriers that can be loaded by hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules starting ideally from the same polymer building unit. We herein demonstrate that the morphology of block copolymer-based pH-triggered nanoplatforms produced from poly(2-methyl-2-oxazoline)m-b-poly[2-(diisopropylamino)-ethyl methacrylate]n (PMeOxm-b-PDPAn) is remarkably influenced by the overall molecular weight of the block copolymer, and by the selected method used to produce the self-assemblies. Polymeric vesicles were produced by nanoprecipitation using a block copolymer of relatively low molecular weight (Mn ∼ 10 kg.mol-1). Very exciting though, despite the high hydrophobic weight ratio (wPDPA > 0.70), this method conducted to the formation of core-shell nanoparticles when block copolymers of higher molecular weight were used, thus suggesting that the fast (few seconds) self-assembly procedure is controlled by kinetics rather than thermodynamics. We further demonstrated the formation of vesicular structures using longer chains via the solvent-switch approach when the "switching" to the bad solvent is performed in a time scale of a few hours (approximately 3 hs). We accordingly demonstrate that using fairly simple methods one can easily tailor the morphology of such block copolymer self-assemblies, thereby producing a variety of structurally different pH-triggered nanoplatforms via a kinetic or thermodynamically-controlled process. This is certainly attractive towards the development of nanotechnology-based cargo delivery systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando A de Oliveira
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Carin C S Batista
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Lindomar J C Albuquerque
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil; Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho nam. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Peter Černoch
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho nam. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Miloš Steinhart
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho nam. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Vladimir Sincari
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho nam. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Alessandro Jager
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho nam. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Eliezer Jager
- Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Czech Academy of Sciences, Heyrovskeho nam. 2, 162 06 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - Fernando C Giacomelli
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André 09210-580, Brazil.
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13
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Dey A, Haldar U, Tota R, Faust R, De P. PIB-based block copolymer with a segment having alternating sequence of leucine and alanine side-chain pendants. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2023.2189434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Asmita Dey
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Ujjal Haldar
- Polymer Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rajasekhar Tota
- Polymer Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Rudolf Faust
- Polymer Science Program, Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Lowell, Lowell, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre and Centre for Advanced Functional Materials, Department of Chemical Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Nadia, West Bengal, India
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14
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Recent Advances in the Application of ATRP in the Synthesis of Drug Delivery Systems. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15051234. [PMID: 36904474 PMCID: PMC10007417 DOI: 10.3390/polym15051234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Advances in atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) have enabled the precise design and preparation of nanostructured polymeric materials for a variety of biomedical applications. This paper briefly summarizes recent developments in the synthesis of bio-therapeutics for drug delivery based on linear and branched block copolymers and bioconjugates using ATRP, which have been tested in drug delivery systems (DDSs) over the past decade. An important trend is the rapid development of a number of smart DDSs that can release bioactive materials in response to certain external stimuli, either physical (e.g., light, ultrasound, or temperature) or chemical factors (e.g., changes in pH values and/or environmental redox potential). The use of ATRPs in the synthesis of polymeric bioconjugates containing drugs, proteins, and nucleic acids, as well as systems applied in combination therapies, has also received considerable attention.
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15
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Electrohydrodynamic Techniques for the Manufacture and/or Immobilization of Vesicles. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15040795. [PMID: 36850078 PMCID: PMC9963335 DOI: 10.3390/polym15040795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of accurate drug delivery systems is one of the main challenges in the biomedical field. A huge variety of structures, such as vesicles, nanoparticles, and nanofibers, have been proposed as carriers for bioactive agents, aiming for precision in administration and dosage, safety, and bioavailability. This review covers the use of electrohydrodynamic techniques both for the immobilization and for the synthesis of vesicles in a non-conventional way. The state of the art discusses the most recent advances in this field as well as the advantages and limitations of electrospun and electrosprayed amphiphilic structures as precursor templates for the in situ vesicle self-assembly. Finally, the perspectives and challenges of combined strategies for the development of advanced structures for the delivery of bioactive agents are analyzed.
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16
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Gouveia MG, Wesseler JP, Ramaekers J, Weder C, Scholten PBV, Bruns N. Polymersome-based protein drug delivery - quo vadis? Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:728-778. [PMID: 36537575 PMCID: PMC9890519 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00106c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Protein-based therapeutics are an attractive alternative to established therapeutic approaches and represent one of the fastest growing families of drugs. While many of these proteins can be delivered using established formulations, the intrinsic sensitivity of proteins to denaturation sometimes calls for a protective carrier to allow administration. Historically, lipid-based self-assembled structures, notably liposomes, have performed this function. After the discovery of polymersome-based targeted drug-delivery systems, which offer manifold advantages over lipid-based structures, the scientific community expected that such systems would take the therapeutic world by storm. However, no polymersome formulations have been commercialised. In this review article, we discuss key obstacles for the sluggish translation of polymersome-based protein nanocarriers into approved pharmaceuticals, which include limitations imparted by the use of non-degradable polymers, the intricacies of polymersome production methods, and the complexity of the in vivo journey of polymersomes across various biological barriers. Considering this complex subject from a polymer chemist's point of view, we highlight key areas that are worthy to explore in order to advance polymersomes to a level at which clinical trials become worthwhile and translation into pharmaceutical and nanomedical applications is realistic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Micael G Gouveia
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK
| | - Justus P Wesseler
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK
| | - Jobbe Ramaekers
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK
| | - Christoph Weder
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Philip B V Scholten
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, Chemin des Verdiers 4, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Nico Bruns
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Thomas Graham Building, 295 Cathedral Street, Glasgow G1 1XL, UK
- Department of Chemistry, Technical University of Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Straße 4, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany.
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17
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Alsaab HO, Alharbi FD, Alhibs AS, Alanazi NB, Alshehri BY, Saleh MA, Alshehri FS, Algarni MA, Almugaiteeb T, Uddin MN, Alzhrani RM. PLGA-Based Nanomedicine: History of Advancement and Development in Clinical Applications of Multiple Diseases. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14122728. [PMID: 36559223 PMCID: PMC9786338 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14122728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Research on the use of biodegradable polymers for drug delivery has been ongoing since they were first used as bioresorbable surgical devices in the 1980s. For tissue engineering and drug delivery, biodegradable polymer poly-lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) has shown enormous promise among all biomaterials. PLGA are a family of FDA-approved biodegradable polymers that are physically strong and highly biocompatible and have been extensively studied as delivery vehicles of drugs, proteins, and macromolecules such as DNA and RNA. PLGA has a wide range of erosion times and mechanical properties that can be modified. Many innovative platforms have been widely studied and created for the development of methods for the controlled delivery of PLGA. In this paper, the various manufacturing processes and characteristics that impact their breakdown and drug release are explored in depth. Besides different PLGA-based nanoparticles, preclinical and clinical applications for different diseases and the PLGA platform types and their scale-up issues will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hashem O. Alsaab
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-556047523
| | - Fatima D. Alharbi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alanoud S. Alhibs
- Department of Pharmacy, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nouf B. Alanazi
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bayan Y. Alshehri
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Marwa A. Saleh
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo 11754, Egypt
| | - Fahad S. Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah 24382, Saudi Arabia
| | - Majed A. Algarni
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
| | - Turki Almugaiteeb
- Taqnia-Research Products Development Company, Riyadh 13244, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Rami M. Alzhrani
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Taif University, Taif 21944, Saudi Arabia
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18
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Xu H, Cui W, Zong Z, Tan Y, Xu C, Cao J, Lai T, Tang Q, Wang Z, Sui X, Wang C. A facile method for anti-cancer drug encapsulation into polymersomes with a core-satellite structure. Drug Deliv 2022; 29:2414-2427. [PMID: 35904177 PMCID: PMC9341360 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2103209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymersomes possess the self-assembly vesicular structure similar to liposomes. Although a variety of comparisons between polymersomes and liposomes in the aspects of physical properties, preparation and applications have been elaborated in many studies, few focus on their differences in drug encapsulation, delivery and release in vitro and in vivo. In the present work, we have provided a modified direct hydration method to encapsulate anti-cancer drug paclitaxel (PTX) into PEG-b-PCL constituted polymersomes (PTX@PS). In addition to advantages including narrow particle size distribution, high colloid stability and moderate drug-loading efficiency, we find that the loaded drug aggregate in small clusters and reside through the polymersome membrane, representing a unique core-satellite structure which might facilitate the sustained drug release. Compared with commercial liposomal PTX formulation (Lipusu®), PTX@PS exhibited superb tumor cell killing ability underlain by multiple pro-apoptotic mechanisms. Moreover, endocytic process of PTX@PS significantly inhibits drug transporter P-gp expression which could be largely activated by free drug diffusion. In glioma mice models, it has also confirmed that PTX@PS remarkably eradicate tumors, which renders polymersomes as a promising alternative to liposomes as drug carriers in clinic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongchao Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Shenzhen Hospital and The Third School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, P. R. China
| | - Weiwei Cui
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhitao Zong
- Department of neurosurgery, JiuJiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiujiang, P. R. China
| | - Yinqiu Tan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Congjun Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Jiahui Cao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Ting Lai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Qi Tang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China
| | - Zhongjuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yan'an Hospital Affiliated to Kunming Medical University, Kunming, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofeng Sui
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Donghua University, Shanghai, P. R. China
| | - Cuifeng Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, P. R. China.,Department of neurosurgery, JiuJiang Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiujiang, P. R. China
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19
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Biophysical quantification of unitary solute and solvent permeabilities to enable translation to membrane science. J Memb Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.memsci.2022.121308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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20
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Joseph A, Wagner AM, Garay-Sarmiento M, Aleksanyan M, Haraszti T, Söder D, Georgiev VN, Dimova R, Percec V, Rodriguez-Emmenegger C. Zwitterionic Dendrimersomes: A Closer Xenobiotic Mimic of Cell Membranes. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2206288. [PMID: 36134536 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202206288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Building functional mimics of cell membranes is an important task toward the development of synthetic cells. So far, lipid and amphiphilic block copolymers are the most widely used amphiphiles with the bilayers by the former lacking stability while membranes by the latter are typically characterized by very slow dynamics. Herein, a new type of Janus dendrimer containing a zwitterionic phosphocholine hydrophilic headgroup (JDPC ) and a 3,5-substituted dihydrobenzoate-based hydrophobic dendron is introduced. JDPC self-assembles in water into zwitterionic dendrimersomes (z-DSs) that faithfully recapitulate the cell membrane in thickness, flexibility, and fluidity, while being resilient to harsh conditions and displaying faster pore closing dynamics in the event of membrane rupture. This enables the fabrication of hybrid DSs with components of natural membranes, including pore-forming peptides, structure-directing lipids, and glycans to create raft-like domains or onion vesicles. Moreover, z-DSs can be used to create active synthetic cells with life-like features that mimic vesicle fusion and motility as well as environmental sensing. Despite their fully synthetic nature, z-DSs are minimal cell mimics that can integrate and interact with living matter with the programmability to imitate life-like features and beyond.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anton Joseph
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Anna M Wagner
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Manuela Garay-Sarmiento
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Chair of Biotechnology, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 3, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Mina Aleksanyan
- Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustraße 3, 14195, Berlin, Germany
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Golm, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Tamás Haraszti
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Dominik Söder
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Institute of Technical and Macromolecular Chemistry, RWTH Aachen University, Worringerweg 2, 52074, Aachen, Germany
| | - Vasil N Georgiev
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Golm, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Rumiana Dimova
- Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces, Science Park Golm, 14476, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Virgil Percec
- Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104323, USA
| | - Cesar Rodriguez-Emmenegger
- DWI - Leibniz Institute for Interactive Materials, Forckenbeckstraße 50, 52074, Aachen, Germany
- Bioinspired Interactive Materials and Protocellular Systems, Institute for Bioengineering of Catalonia (IBEC), The Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology (BIST), Carrer de Baldiri Reixac 10-12, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Passeig Lluís Companys 23, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
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21
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Fluorescent Multifunctional Organic Nanoparticles for Drug Delivery and Bioimaging: A Tutorial Review. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14112498. [PMID: 36432688 PMCID: PMC9698844 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14112498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent organic nanoparticles (FONs) are a large family of nanostructures constituted by organic components that emit light in different spectral regions upon excitation, due to the presence of organic fluorophores. FONs are of great interest for numerous biological and medical applications, due to their high tunability in terms of composition, morphology, surface functionalization, and optical properties. Multifunctional FONs combine several functionalities in a single nanostructure (emission of light, carriers for drug-delivery, functionalization with targeting ligands, etc.), opening the possibility of using the same nanoparticle for diagnosis and therapy. The preparation, characterization, and application of these multifunctional FONs require a multidisciplinary approach. In this review, we present FONs following a tutorial approach, with the aim of providing a general overview of the different aspects of the design, preparation, and characterization of FONs. The review encompasses the most common FONs developed to date, the description of the most important features of fluorophores that determine the optical properties of FONs, an overview of the preparation methods and of the optical characterization techniques, and the description of the theoretical approaches that are currently adopted for modeling FONs. The last part of the review is devoted to a non-exhaustive selection of some recent biomedical applications of FONs.
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22
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Baghbanbashi M, Yong HW, Zhang I, Lotocki V, Yuan Z, Pazuki G, Maysinger D, Kakkar A. Stimuli-Responsive Miktoarm Polymer-Based Formulations for Fisetin Delivery and Regulatory Effects in Hyperactive Human Microglia. Macromol Biosci 2022; 22:e2200174. [PMID: 35817026 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202200174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Branched star polymers offer exciting opportunities in enhancing the efficacy of nanocarriers in delivering biologically active lipophilic agents. We demonstrate that the star polymeric architecture can be leveraged to yield soft nanoparticles of vesicular morphology with precisely located stimuli-sensitive chemical entities. Amphiphilic stars of AB2 (A = PEG, B = PCL) composition with/without oxidative stress or reduction responsive units at the core junction of A and B arms, are constructed using synthetic articulation. Fisetin, a natural flavonoid with remarkable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but of limited clinical value due to its poor aqueous solubility, was physically encapsulated into miktoarm star-derived aqueous polymersomes. We evaluated polymersomes and fisetin separately, and in combination, in human microglia (HMC3), to show if (i) polymersomes are toxic; (ii) fisetin reduces the abundance of reactive oxygen species (ROS); and (iii) fisetin modulates the activation of ERK1/2. These signaling molecules and pathways are implicated in inflammatory processes and cell survival. Fisetin, both incorporated and non-incorporated into polymersomes, reduced ROS and ERK1/2 phosphorylation in lipopolysaccharide-treated human microglia, normalizing excessive oxidative stress and ERK-mediated signaling. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojhdeh Baghbanbashi
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada.,Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Hafez Avenue, Tehran, 1591634311, Iran
| | - Hui Wen Yong
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Issan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Victor Lotocki
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
| | - Zhuoer Yuan
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Gholamreza Pazuki
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Hafez Avenue, Tehran, 1591634311, Iran
| | - Dusica Maysinger
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, McGill University, 3655 Promenade Sir-William-Osler, Montreal, Quebec, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Ashok Kakkar
- Department of Chemistry, McGill University, 801 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, Quebec, H3A 0B8, Canada
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23
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Kost B, Basko M, Bednarek M, Socka M, Kopka B, Łapienis G, Biela T, Kubisa P, Brzeziński M. The influence of the functional end groups on the properties of polylactide-based materials. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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24
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Singh K, Biharee A, Vyas A, Thareja S, Jain AK. Recent Advancement of Polymersomes as Drug Delivery Carrier. Curr Pharm Des 2022; 28:1621-1631. [PMID: 35418282 DOI: 10.2174/1381612828666220412103552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomedical applications of polymersomes have been explored, including drug and gene delivery, insulin delivery, hemoglobin delivery, the delivery of anticancer agents, and various diagnostic purposes. OBJECTIVES Polymersomes, which are self-assembled amphiphilic block copolymers, have received a lot of attention in drug delivery approaches. This review represents the methods of preparation of polymersomes including thin-film rehydration, electroformation, double emulsion, gel-assisted rehydration, PAPYRUS method, and solvent injection methods including various therapeutic applications of polymersomes. METHODS Data we searched from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct through searching of keywords: Polymersomes, methods of preparation, amphiphilic block copolymers, anticancer drug delivery Results: Polymersomes provide both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drug delivery to a targeted site with an increase in the stability of the formulation and reduce the cytotoxic side effects of drugs. CONCLUSION A wide range of biological applications, including drug and gene delivery, insulin delivery, hemoglobin delivery, delivery of anticancer agents as well as in various diagnostic purposes. Recently, polymersomes have been used more frequently because of their stability, reducing the encapsulated drug's leakage, site-specific drug delivery, and increasing the bioavailability of the drugs and different diagnostic purposes. The liposomes encapsulate only hydrophilic drugs, but polymersomes encapsulate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs in their cores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuldeep Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur- 495 009 (C.G.), India
| | - Avadh Biharee
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur- 495 009 (C.G.), India.,Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda- 15100 (Pb), India
| | - Amber Vyas
- University Institute of Pharmacy, Pt. Ravishankar Shukla University, Raipur- 492010(C.G.), India
| | - Suresh Thareja
- Laboratory of Natural Products, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Natural Products, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda- 15100 (Pb), India
| | - Akhlesh Kumar Jain
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Ghasidas Central University, Bilaspur- 495 009 (C.G.), India
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Hernández Becerra E, Quinchia J, Castro C, Orozco J. Light-Triggered Polymersome-Based Anticancer Therapeutics Delivery. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12050836. [PMID: 35269324 PMCID: PMC8912464 DOI: 10.3390/nano12050836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Polymersomes are biomimetic cell membrane-like model structures that are self-assembled stepwise from amphiphilic copolymers. These polymeric (nano)carriers have gained the scientific community’s attention due to their biocompatibility, versatility, and higher stability than liposomes. Their tunable properties, such as composition, size, shape, and surface functional groups, extend encapsulation possibilities to either hydrophilic or hydrophobic cargoes (or both) and their site-specific delivery. Besides, polymersomes can disassemble in response to different stimuli, including light, for controlling the “on-demand” release of cargo that may also respond to light as photosensitizers and plasmonic nanostructures. Thus, polymersomes can be spatiotemporally stimulated by light of a wide wavelength range, whose exogenous response may activate light-stimulable moieties, enhance the drug efficacy, decrease side effects, and, thus, be broadly employed in photoinduced therapy. This review describes current light-responsive polymersomes evaluated for anticancer therapy. It includes light-activable moieties’ features and polymersomes’ composition and release behavior, focusing on recent advances and applications in cancer therapy, current trends, and photosensitive polymersomes’ perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisa Hernández Becerra
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 No. 52-20, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (E.H.B.); (J.Q.)
| | - Jennifer Quinchia
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 No. 52-20, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (E.H.B.); (J.Q.)
| | - Cristina Castro
- Engineering School, Pontificia Bolivariana University, Bloque 11, Cq. 1 No. 70-01, Medellín 050004, Colombia;
| | - Jahir Orozco
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 No. 52-20, Medellín 050010, Colombia; (E.H.B.); (J.Q.)
- Correspondence:
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26
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Development of PEG-PCL-based polymersomes through design of experiments for co-encapsulation of vemurafenib and doxorubicin as chemotherapeutic drugs. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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27
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Oh XY, Sakar J, Cham N, Er GTK, Pan HM, Goto A. Self-catalyzed synthesis of a nano-capsule and its application as a heterogeneous RCMP catalyst and nano-reactor. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py01086k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
A nano-capsule synthesized via self-catalyzed RCMP and its use as a heterogeneous catalyst and a nano-reactor of RCMP to generate a multi-elemental particle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Yi Oh
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459 Singapore
| | - Jit Sakar
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459 Singapore
| | - Ning Cham
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459 Singapore
| | - Gerald Tze Kwang Er
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459 Singapore
| | - Houwen Matthew Pan
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459 Singapore
| | - Atsushi Goto
- School of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, Nanyang Technological University, 62 Nanyang Drive, 637459 Singapore
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28
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Varlas S, Neal TJ, Armes SP. Polymerization-induced self-assembly and disassembly during the synthesis of thermoresponsive ABC triblock copolymer nano-objects in aqueous solution. Chem Sci 2022; 13:7295-7303. [PMID: 35799807 PMCID: PMC9214878 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc01611g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Polymerization-induced self-assembly (PISA) has been widely utilized as a powerful methodology for the preparation of various self-assembled AB diblock copolymer nano-objects in aqueous media. Moreover, it is well-documented that chain extension of AB diblock copolymer vesicles using a range of hydrophobic monomers via seeded RAFT aqueous emulsion polymerization produces framboidal ABC triblock copolymer vesicles with adjustable surface roughness owing to microphase separation between the two enthalpically incompatible hydrophobic blocks located within their membranes. However, the utilization of hydrophilic monomers for the chain extension of linear diblock copolymer vesicles has yet to be thoroughly explored; this omission is addressed for aqueous PISA formulations in the present study. Herein poly(glycerol monomethacrylate)-poly(2-hydroxypropyl methacrylate) (G-H) vesicles were used as seeds for the RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization of oligo(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (OEGMA). Interestingly, this led to polymerization-induced disassembly (PIDA), with the initial precursor vesicles being converted into lower-order worms or spheres depending on the target mean degree of polymerization (DP) for the corona-forming POEGMA block. Moreover, construction of a pseudo-phase diagram revealed an unexpected copolymer concentration dependence for this PIDA formulation. Previously, we reported that PHPMA-based diblock copolymer nano-objects only exhibit thermoresponsive behavior over a relatively narrow range of compositions and DPs (see Warren et al., Macromolecules, 2018, 51, 8357–8371). However, introduction of the POEGMA coronal block produced thermoresponsive ABC triblock nano-objects even when the precursor G-H diblock copolymer vesicles proved to be thermally unresponsive. Thus, this new approach is expected to enable the rational design of new nano-objects with tunable composition, copolymer architectures and stimulus-responsive behavior. Chain extension of linear AB diblock copolymer vesicles by seeded RAFT aqueous dispersion polymerization using a hydrophilic monomer C leads to polymerization-induced disassembly to form lower-order thermoresponsive ABC triblock copolymer nano-objects.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Spyridon Varlas
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK
| | - Thomas J. Neal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK
| | - Steven P. Armes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Sheffield, Dainton Building, Brook Hill, Sheffield S3 7HF, UK
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Sarkar J, Lim YF, Goto A. Synthesis of Biologically Decomposable Terpolymer Nanocapsules and Higher‐Order Nanoassemblies Using RCMP‐PISA. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.202100349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jit Sarkar
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Nanyang 637371 Singapore
| | - Ying Faye Lim
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Nanyang 637371 Singapore
| | - Atsushi Goto
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences Nanyang Technological University 21 Nanyang Link Nanyang 637371 Singapore
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Mena-Giraldo P, Orozco J. Polymeric Micro/Nanocarriers and Motors for Cargo Transport and Phototriggered Delivery. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3920. [PMID: 34833219 PMCID: PMC8621231 DOI: 10.3390/polym13223920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Smart polymer-based micro/nanoassemblies have emerged as a promising alternative for transporting and delivering a myriad of cargo. Cargo encapsulation into (or linked to) polymeric micro/nanocarrier (PC) strategies may help to conserve cargo activity and functionality when interacting with its surroundings in its journey to the target. PCs for cargo phototriggering allow for excellent spatiotemporal control via irradiation as an external stimulus, thus regulating the delivery kinetics of cargo and potentially increasing its therapeutic effect. Micromotors based on PCs offer an accelerated cargo-medium interaction for biomedical, environmental, and many other applications. This review collects the recent achievements in PC development based on nanomicelles, nanospheres, and nanopolymersomes, among others, with enhanced properties to increase cargo protection and cargo release efficiency triggered by ultraviolet (UV) and near-infrared (NIR) irradiation, including light-stimulated polymeric micromotors for propulsion, cargo transport, biosensing, and photo-thermal therapy. We emphasize the challenges of positioning PCs as drug delivery systems, as well as the outstanding opportunities of light-stimulated polymeric micromotors for practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jahir Orozco
- Max Planck Tandem Group in Nanobioengineering, Institute of Chemistry, Faculty of Natural and Exact Sciences, University of Antioquia, Complejo Ruta N, Calle 67 # 52-20, Medellin 050010, Colombia;
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31
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Sobotta FH, Kuchenbrod MT, Gruschwitz FV, Festag G, Bellstedt P, Hoeppener S, Brendel JC. Tuneable Time Delay in the Burst Release from Oxidation-Sensitive Polymersomes Made by PISA. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:24716-24723. [PMID: 34542227 PMCID: PMC8596869 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202108928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Reactive polymersomes represent a versatile artificial cargo carrier system that can facilitate an immediate release in response to a specific stimulus. The herein presented oxidation-sensitive polymersomes feature a time-delayed release mechanism in an oxidative environment, which can be precisely adjusted by either tuning the membrane thickness or partial pre-oxidation. These polymeric vesicles are conveniently prepared by PISA allowing the straightforward and effective in situ encapsulation of cargo molecules, as shown for dyes and enzymes. Kinetic studies revealed a critical degree of oxidation causing the destabilization of the membrane, while no release of the cargo is observed beforehand. The encapsulation of glucose oxidase directly transforms these polymersomes into glucose-sensitive vesicles, as small molecules including sugars can passively penetrate their membrane. Considering the ease of preparation, these polymersomes represent a versatile platform for the confinement and burst release of cargo molecules after a precisely adjustable time span in the presence of specific triggers, such as H2 O2 or glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian H. Sobotta
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstrasse 1007743JenaGermany), E-mail: J. C. Brendel
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 707743JenaGermany
| | - Maren T. Kuchenbrod
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstrasse 1007743JenaGermany), E-mail: J. C. Brendel
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 707743JenaGermany
| | - Franka V. Gruschwitz
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstrasse 1007743JenaGermany), E-mail: J. C. Brendel
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 707743JenaGermany
| | - Grit Festag
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstrasse 1007743JenaGermany), E-mail: J. C. Brendel
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 707743JenaGermany
| | - Peter Bellstedt
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstrasse 1007743JenaGermany), E-mail: J. C. Brendel
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstrasse 1007743JenaGermany), E-mail: J. C. Brendel
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 707743JenaGermany
| | - Johannes C. Brendel
- Laboratory of Organic and Macromolecular Chemistry (IOMC)Friedrich Schiller University JenaHumboldtstrasse 1007743JenaGermany), E-mail: J. C. Brendel
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM)Friedrich Schiller University JenaPhilosophenweg 707743JenaGermany
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32
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Sobotta FH, Kuchenbrod MT, Gruschwitz FV, Festag G, Bellstedt P, Hoeppener S, Brendel JC. Kontrollierbare Zeitverzögerung beim Aufplatzen von oxidationsempfindlichen, mittels PISA synthetisierten Polymersomen. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202108928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabian H. Sobotta
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC) Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | - Maren T. Kuchenbrod
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC) Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | - Franka V. Gruschwitz
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC) Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | - Grit Festag
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC) Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | - Peter Bellstedt
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC) Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | - Stephanie Hoeppener
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC) Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Deutschland
| | - Johannes C. Brendel
- Institut für Organische und Makromolekulare Chemie (IOMC) Friedrich-Schiller Universität Jena Humboldtstraße 10 07743 Jena Deutschland
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM) Friedrich Schiller Universität Jena Philosophenweg 7 07743 Jena Deutschland
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Biglione C, Neumann‐Tran TMP, Kanwal S, Klinger D. Amphiphilic micro‐ and nanogels: Combining properties from internal hydrogel networks, solid particles, and micellar aggregates. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Biglione
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutical Chemistry) Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
| | | | - Sidra Kanwal
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutical Chemistry) Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
| | - Daniel Klinger
- Institute of Pharmacy (Pharmaceutical Chemistry) Freie Universität Berlin Berlin Germany
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34
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Karayianni M, Pispas S. Block copolymer solution self‐assembly: Recent advances, emerging trends, and applications. JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Karayianni
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute National Hellenic Research Foundation Athens Greece
| | - Stergios Pispas
- Theoretical and Physical Chemistry Institute National Hellenic Research Foundation Athens Greece
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35
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Pashirova TN, Bogdanov A, Masson P. Therapeutic nanoreactors for detoxification of xenobiotics: Concepts, challenges and biotechnological trends with special emphasis to organophosphate bioscavenging. Chem Biol Interact 2021; 346:109577. [PMID: 34274336 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2021.109577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of enzyme nanoreactors in medicine is relatively new. However, this technology has already been experimentally successful in cancer treatments, struggle against toxicity of reactive oxygen species in inflammatory processes, detoxification of drugs and xenobiotics, and correction of metabolic and genetic defects by using encapsulated enzymes, acting in single or cascade reactions. Biomolecules, e.g. enzymes, antibodies, reactive proteins capable of inactivating toxicants in the body are called bioscavengers. In this review, we focus on enzyme-containing nanoreactors for in vivo detoxification of organophosphorous compounds (OP) to be used for prophylaxis and post-exposure treatment of OP poisoning. A particular attention is devoted to bioscavenger-containing injectable nanoreactors operating in the bloodstream. The nanoreactor concept implements single or multiple enzymes and cofactors co-encapsulated in polymeric semi-permeable nanocontainers. Thus, the detoxification processes take place in a confined space containing highly concentrated bioscavengers. The article deals with historical and theoretical backgrounds about enzymatic detoxification of OPs in nanoreactors, nanoreactor polymeric enveloppes, realizations and advantages over other approaches using bioscavengers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana N Pashirova
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Andrei Bogdanov
- Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, Arbuzov str., 8, Kazan, 420088, Russian Federation
| | - Patrick Masson
- Kazan Federal University, Neuropharmacology Laboratory, Kremlevskaya str., 18, Kazan, 420111, Russian Federation.
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36
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Zhang X, Contini C, Constantinou AP, Doutch JJ, Georgiou TK. How does the hydrophobic content of methacrylate
ABA
triblock copolymers affect polymersome formation? JOURNAL OF POLYMER SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pol.20210371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinmo Zhang
- Department of Materials Royal School of Mines Exhibition Road London SW7 2AZ UK
| | - Claudia Contini
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub Imperial College London 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - Anna P. Constantinou
- Department of Chemistry, Molecular Sciences Research Hub Imperial College London 82 Wood Lane London W12 0BZ UK
| | - James J. Doutch
- ISIS Neutron and Muon Source, STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Didcot UK
| | - Theoni K. Georgiou
- Department of Materials Royal School of Mines Exhibition Road London SW7 2AZ UK
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37
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Datta B, Paul D, Pal U, Rakshit T. Intriguing Biomedical Applications of Synthetic and Natural Cell-Derived Vesicles: A Comparative Overview. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2021; 4:2863-2885. [PMID: 35014382 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c01480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The significant role of a vesicle is well recognized; however, only lately has the advancement in biomedical applications started to uncover their usefulness. Although the concept of vesicles originates from cell biology, it later transferred to chemistry and material science to develop nanoscale artificial vesicles for biomedical applications. Herein, we examine different synthetic and biological vesicles and their applications in the biomedical field in general. As our understanding of biological vesicles increases, more suitable biomimicking synthetic vesicles will be developed. The comparative discussion between synthetic and natural vesicles for biomedical applications is a relevant topic, and we envision this could enable the development of a proper approach to realize the next-generation treatment goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brateen Datta
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block-JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Debashish Paul
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block-JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Uttam Pal
- Technical Research Centre, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block-JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India
| | - Tatini Rakshit
- Department of Chemical, Biological & Macromolecular Sciences, S. N. Bose National Centre for Basic Sciences, Block-JD, Sector-III, Salt Lake City, Kolkata 700106, India
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