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Yin L, Liu L, Tang Y, Chen Q, Zhang D, Lin Z, Wang Y, Liu Y. The Implications in Meat Quality and Nutrition by Comparing the Metabolites of Pectoral Muscle between Adult Indigenous Chickens and Commercial Laying Hens. Metabolites 2023; 13:840. [PMID: 37512547 PMCID: PMC10384229 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13070840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aged chickens are often a secondary dietary choice, owing to the poor organoleptic qualities of their meat. With regard to the meat quality of chickens, the metabolic profiles of pectoral muscle in Guangyuan grey chickens (group G) and Hy-Line grey hens (group H) aged 55 weeks were compared via ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS). A total of 74 metabolites were identified with differential changes in the ion model. Lipids and lipid-like molecules comprised the largest proportion among the different metabolites. The content of myristic acid and palmitic acid were found to be higher in the pectoral muscle of group G, while group H showed significantly higher levels of glycerophospholipid molecules, such as LPC(18:2/0:0), Pi(38:5), Pc(16:0/16:0), and Pe(16:1e/14-hdohe). KEGG pathway analysis indicated that the abundant metabolites in group G were mainly involved in energy metabolism and fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism, whereas those of group H were mainly attributed to the metabolism of unsaturated fatty acids and amino acids. Overall, the differences in lipid and amino acid metabolism in pectoral muscle appear to be responsible for the difference in meat quality between indigenous chickens and commercial laying hens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingqian Yin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Li Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yuan Tang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Donghao Zhang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Zhongzhen Lin
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
| | - Yiping Liu
- Farm Animal Genetic Resources Exploration and Innovation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China
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Xue M, Hou X, Fu J, Zhang J, Wang J, Zhao Z, Xu D, Lai D, Zhou L. Recent Advances in Search of Bioactive Secondary Metabolites from Fungi Triggered by Chemical Epigenetic Modifiers. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9020172. [PMID: 36836287 PMCID: PMC9961798 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2022] [Revised: 01/20/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Genomic analysis has demonstrated that many fungi possess essential gene clusters for the production of previously unobserved secondary metabolites; however, these genes are normally reduced or silenced under most conditions. These cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters have become treasures of new bioactive secondary metabolites. The induction of these biosynthetic gene clusters under stress or special conditions can improve the titers of known compounds or the production of novel compounds. Among the inducing strategies, chemical-epigenetic regulation is considered a powerful approach, and it uses small-molecule epigenetic modifiers, which mainly act as the inhibitors of DNA methyltransferase, histone deacetylase, and histone acetyltransferase, to promote changes in the structure of DNA, histones, and proteasomes and to further activate cryptic biosynthetic gene clusters for the production of a wide variety of bioactive secondary metabolites. These epigenetic modifiers mainly include 5-azacytidine, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid, suberoyl bishydroxamic acid, sodium butyrate, and nicotinamide. This review gives an overview on the method of chemical epigenetic modifiers to trigger silent or low-expressed biosynthetic pathways to yield bioactive natural products through external cues of fungi, mainly based on the research progress in the period from 2007 to 2022. The production of about 540 fungal secondary metabolites was found to be induced or enhanced by chemical epigenetic modifiers. Some of them exhibited significant biological activities such as cytotoxic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant activity.
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Weng M, You S, Luo J, Lin Z, Chen T, Peng X, Qiu B. Antibacterial mechanism of polysaccharides from the leaves of Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm. by metabolomics based on HPLC/MS. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 221:303-313. [PMID: 36075303 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2022] [Revised: 08/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm. is a traditional Chinese herb, which has been proven to have excellent antibacterial activity. In this work, we firstly extracted the polysaccharides from the leaves of Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm. (LLPs), and explored their antibacterial activity and related mechanisms. The experimental results show that LLPs are a good antibacterial agent, which can damage the cell structure of bacteria and lead to the leakage of intracellular lysates. Compared with Escherichia coli (E. coli), LLPs showed better inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus). Furthermore, the administration of LLPs not only led to the upregulation of the levels of fructose-1,6-bisphosphate (F-1,6-P) and citric acid in the glycolysis and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways in bacteria, but also resulted in the down-regulation of the levels of oxaloacetate (OAA) and 1,3-diphosphoglycerate (1,3-BPG). This study confirmed that LLPs have good antibacterial activity, and broaden the application of the leaves of Lindera aggregata (Sims) Kosterm. in the antibacterial field. It provides ideas for exploring the antibacterial mechanism of active ingredients of Chinese herbal medicine through metabolomics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingfeng Weng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (Fuzhou University), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Shumin You
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (Fuzhou University), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Jiewei Luo
- Fujian Provincial Hospital, Shengli Clinical Medical College of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350001, China
| | - Zhenyu Lin
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (Fuzhou University), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Fujian Provincial Hospital, Fuzhou 350001, China.
| | - Xin Peng
- Ningbo Municipal Hospital of TCM,Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, China.
| | - Bin Qiu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Analytical Science of Food Safety and Biology (Fuzhou University), Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Analysis and Detection for Food Safety, Fuzhou, Fujian 350108, China.
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Schüller A, Studt-Reinhold L, Strauss J. How to Completely Squeeze a Fungus-Advanced Genome Mining Tools for Novel Bioactive Substances. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:1837. [PMID: 36145585 PMCID: PMC9505985 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/23/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal species have the capability of producing an overwhelming diversity of bioactive substances that can have beneficial but also detrimental effects on human health. These so-called secondary metabolites naturally serve as antimicrobial "weapon systems", signaling molecules or developmental effectors for fungi and hence are produced only under very specific environmental conditions or stages in their life cycle. However, as these complex conditions are difficult or even impossible to mimic in laboratory settings, only a small fraction of the true chemical diversity of fungi is known so far. This also implies that a large space for potentially new pharmaceuticals remains unexplored. We here present an overview on current developments in advanced methods that can be used to explore this chemical space. We focus on genetic and genomic methods, how to detect genes that harbor the blueprints for the production of these compounds (i.e., biosynthetic gene clusters, BGCs), and ways to activate these silent chromosomal regions. We provide an in-depth view of the chromatin-level regulation of BGCs and of the potential to use the CRISPR/Cas technology as an activation tool.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Joseph Strauss
- Institute of Microbial Genetics, Department of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, A-3430 Tulln/Donau, Austria
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Pattnaik S, Imchen M, Kumavath R, Prasad R, Busi S. Bioactive Microbial Metabolites in Cancer Therapeutics: Mining, Repurposing, and Their Molecular Targets. Curr Microbiol 2022; 79:300. [PMID: 36002695 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-022-02990-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The persistence and resurgence of cancer, characterized by abnormal cell growth and differentiation, continues to be a serious public health concern critically affecting public health, social life, and the global economy. Hundreds of putative drug molecules of synthetic and natural origin were approved for anticancer therapy in the last few decades. Although conventional anticancer treatment strategies have promising aspects, several factors such as their limitations, drug resistance, and side effects associated with them demand more effort in repositioning or developing novel therapeutic regimens. The rich heritage of microbial bioactive components remains instrumental in providing novel avenues for cancer therapeutics. Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, and fungi have a plethora of bioactive compounds, which received attention for their efficacy in cancer treatment targeting different pathways responsible for abnormal cell growth and differentiation. Yet the full potential remains underexplored to date, and novel compounds from such microbes are reported regularly. In addition, the advent of computational tools has further augmented the mining of microbial secondary metabolites and identifying their molecular targets in cancer cells. Furthermore, the drug-repurposing strategy has facilitated the use of approved drugs of microbial origin in regulating cancer cell growth and progression. The wide diversity of microbial compounds, different mining approaches, and multiple modes of action warrant further investigations on the current status of microbial metabolites in cancer therapeutics. Hence, in this review, we have critically discussed the untapped potential of microbial products in mitigating cancer progression. The review also summarizes the impact of drug repurposing in cancer therapy and discusses the novel avenues for future therapeutic drug development against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhaswaraj Pattnaik
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.,Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Sambalpur University, Jyoti Vihar, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha, 768019, India
| | - Madangchanok Imchen
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.,Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerela, Kasaragod, Kerela, 671316, India
| | - Ranjith Kumavath
- Department of Genomic Science, School of Biological Sciences, Central University of Kerela, Kasaragod, Kerela, 671316, India
| | - Ram Prasad
- Department of Botany, School of Life Sciences, Mahatma Gandhi Central University, Motihari, Bihar, 845401, India.
| | - Siddhardha Busi
- Department of Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, Pondicherry University, Puducherry, 605014, India.
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Salimova D, Dalinova A, Dubovik V, Senderskiy I, Stepanycheva E, Tomilova O, Hu Q, Berestetskiy A. Entomotoxic Activity of the Extracts from the Fungus, Alternaria tenuissima and Its Major Metabolite, Tenuazonic Acid. J Fungi (Basel) 2021; 7:774. [PMID: 34575812 PMCID: PMC8468458 DOI: 10.3390/jof7090774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of fungal antibiotics in their competitive interactions with arthropods may lead to the development of novel biorational insecticides. Extracts of Alternaria tenuissima MFP253011 obtained using various methods showed a wide range of biological activities, including entomotoxic properties. Analysis of their composition and bioactivity allowed us to reveal several known mycotoxins and unidentified compounds that may be involved in the entomotoxic activity of the extracts. Among them, tenuazonic acid (TeA), which was the major component of the A. tenuissima extracts, was found the most likely to have larvicidal activity against Galleria mellonella. In the intrahaemocoel injection bioassay, TeA was toxic to G. mellonella and of Zophobas morio with an LT50 of 6 and 2 days, respectively, at the level of 50 µg/larva. Administered orally, TeA inhibited the growth of G. mellonella larvae and caused mortality of Acheta domesticus adults (LT50 7 days) at a concentration of 250 µg/g of feed. TeA showed weak contact intestinal activity against the two phytophages, Tetranychus urticae and Schizaphis graminum, causing 15% and 27% mortality at a concentration of 1 mg/mL, respectively. TeA was cytotoxic to the Sf9 cell line (IC50 25 µg/mL). Thus, model insects such as G. mellonella could be used for further toxicological characterization of TeA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dilara Salimova
- Department of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo Shosse, 3, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (I.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Anna Dalinova
- Department of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo Shosse, 3, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (I.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Vsevolod Dubovik
- Department of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo Shosse, 3, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (I.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Igor Senderskiy
- Department of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo Shosse, 3, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (I.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Elena Stepanycheva
- Department of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo Shosse, 3, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (I.S.); (E.S.)
| | - Oksana Tomilova
- Institute of Systematics and Ecology of Animals SB RAS, Frunze Str. 11, 630091 Novosibirsk, Russia;
| | - Qiongbo Hu
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Pesticide Innovation and Application of Guangdong Province, College of Plant Protection, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Alexander Berestetskiy
- Department of Phytotoxicology and Biotechnology, All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, Podbelskogo Shosse, 3, Pushkin, 196608 Saint-Petersburg, Russia; (D.S.); (A.D.); (V.D.); (I.S.); (E.S.)
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