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Mehta R, Kumar R, Singh S, Appayee C. Asymmetric Synthesis of α-Arylcyclohexenones Catalyzed by Diphenylprolinol Silyl Ether. J Org Chem 2024; 89:10892-10902. [PMID: 39042572 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c01234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
A general methodology for the asymmetric synthesis of α-arylcyclohexeneones from arylacetones and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes catalyzed by diphenylprolinol silyl ether followed by p-TSA-mediated cyclization is developed. A variety of arylacetones and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes were successfully converted to α-arylcyclohexeneones in 34-67% yield, 10:1-100:0 dr, and 81-99% ee. The scalability of this methodology by a gram-scale synthesis and their utility by converting the product to the corresponding epoxide, alcohol, and diol are demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronak Mehta
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382055, India
| | - Rohtash Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382055, India
| | - Suraj Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382055, India
| | - Chandrakumar Appayee
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gandhinagar, Gujarat 382055, India
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2
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Rogers J, Chen M, Yang K, Graham J, Parker KM. Production of Dichloroacetonitrile from Derivatives of Isoxaflutole Herbicide during Water Treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2023; 57:18443-18451. [PMID: 36749696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c06376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The herbicide isoxaflutole has the potential to contaminate drinking water directly, as well as upon hydrolyzing to its active form diketonitrile. Diketonitrile also may impact water quality by acting as a precursor for dichloroacetonitrile (DCAN), which is an unregulated but highly toxic disinfection byproduct (DBP). In this study, we investigated the reaction of diketonitrile with free chlorine and chloramine to form DCAN. We found that diketonitrile reacts with free chlorine within seconds but reacts with chloramine on the time scale of hours to days. In the presence of both oxidants, DCAN was generated at yields up to 100%. Diketonitrile reacted fastest with chlorine at circumneutral pH, which was consistent with base-catalyzed halogenation involving the enolate form of diketonitrile present at alkaline pH and electrophilic hypochlorous acid, which decreases in abundance above its pKa (7.5). In contrast, we found that diketonitrile reacts faster with chloramine as pH values decreased, consistent with an attack on the enolate by electrophilic protonated monochloramine that increases in abundance at acidic pH approaching its pKa (1.6). Our results indicate that increasing isoxaflutole use, particularly in light of the recent release of genetically modified isoxaflutole-tolerant crops, could result in greater occurrences of a high-yield DCAN precursor during disinfection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline Rogers
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Moshan Chen
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Kaichao Yang
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Jonathan Graham
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
| | - Kimberly M Parker
- Department of Energy, Environmental & Chemical Engineering Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63130, United States
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3
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Dennis JA, Sadler JC, Wallace S. Tyramine Derivatives Catalyze the Aldol Dimerization of Butyraldehyde in the Presence of Escherichia coli. Chembiochem 2022; 23:e202200238. [PMID: 35687270 PMCID: PMC9540883 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202200238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Biogenic amine organocatalysts have transformed the field of synthetic organic chemistry. Yet despite their use in synthesis and to label biomolecules in vitro, amine organocatalysis in vivo has received comparatively little attention - despite the potential of such reactions to be interfaced with living cells and to modify cellular metabolites. Herein we report that biogenic amines derived from L-tyrosine catalyze the self-aldol condensation of butanal to 2-ethylhexenal - a key intermediate in the production of the bulk chemical 2-ethylhexanol - in the presence of living Escherichia coli and outperform many amine organocatalysts currently used in synthetic organic chemistry. Furthermore, we demonstrate that cell lysate from E. coli and the prolific amine overproducer Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 catalyze this reaction in vitro, demonstrating the potential for microbial metabolism to be used as a source of organocatalysts for biocompatible reactions in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A. Dennis
- Institute of Quantitative BiologyBiochemistry and BiotechnologySchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghKing's Buildings, Alexander Crum Brown RoadEdinburghEH9 3FFUK
- EaStCHEM School of ChemistryUniversity of Edinburgh, King's BuildingsDavid Brewster RoadEdinburghEH9 3FJ
| | - Joanna C. Sadler
- Institute of Quantitative BiologyBiochemistry and BiotechnologySchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghKing's Buildings, Alexander Crum Brown RoadEdinburghEH9 3FFUK
| | - Stephen Wallace
- Institute of Quantitative BiologyBiochemistry and BiotechnologySchool of Biological SciencesUniversity of EdinburghKing's Buildings, Alexander Crum Brown RoadEdinburghEH9 3FFUK
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4
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Costa AM, Castro-Alvarez A, Vilarrasa J, Fillot D. Computational Comparison of the Stability of Iminium Ions and Salts from Enals and Pyrrolidine Derivatives (Aminocatalysts). European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Anna M. Costa
- Universitat de Barcelona Facultat de Química: Universitat de Barcelona Facultat de Quimica Organic Chemistry Section Av. Diagonal 645 08028 Barcelona SPAIN
| | - Alejandro Castro-Alvarez
- Universidad de la Frontera Facultad de Medicina Ciencias Preclínicas Av. Alemania 0458 4810296 Temuco CHILE
| | - Jaume Vilarrasa
- Universitat de Barcelona Organic Chemistry Section, Fac. Quimica Av. Diagonal 645 08028 Barcelona SPAIN
| | - Daniel Fillot
- Universidad de Barcelona Facultad de Química: Universitat de Barcelona Facultat de Quimica Organic Chemistry Section (Dep. Quim. Inorg. i Org.) Diagonal 645 08028 Barcelona SPAIN
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5
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Nagahata S, Takei S, Ueno S. One-Pot Synthesis of Multiarylated Benzophenones via [3 + 2 + 1] Benzannulation of Ketones, Alkynes, and α,β-Unsaturated Carbonyls. J Org Chem 2022; 87:10377-10384. [PMID: 35796518 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.2c00601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we synthesized γ-phenyl-β,γ-unsaturated ketones in situ from acetophenones and phenylacetylenes under Trofimov's conditions using KOtBu in a dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solvent. The obtained ketones reacted with α,β-unsaturated carbonyls in a one-pot manner, forming tri- or diarylated benzophenones. The present reaction proceeded efficiently by one-pot manipulation with a suitable carboxylic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoko Nagahata
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Seiya Takei
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ueno
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Tokyo University of Technology, 1404-1 Katakura, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0982, Japan
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6
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Umekubo N, Han X, Mori N, Hayashi Y. Diphenylprolinol Silyl Ether Catalyzed Asymmetric Formal Carbo [3+3] Cycloaddition Reaction of Isopropylidenemalononitrile and α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehyde. European J Org Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202200603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nariyoshi Umekubo
- Tohoku Daigaku Daigakuin Rigaku Kenkyuka Rigakubu Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Xiaolei Han
- Tohoku Daigaku Daigakuin Rigaku Kenkyuka Rigakubu Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Naoki Mori
- Tohoku Daigaku Daigakuin Rigaku Kenkyuka Rigakubu Department of Chemistry JAPAN
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Tohoku University Graduate School of Science Faculty of Science: Tohoku Daigaku Daigakuin Rigaku Kenkyuka Rigakubu Department of Chemistry 6-3, Aramaki-AzaAobaAobaku 980-8578 Sendai JAPAN
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7
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Umekubo N, Hayashi Y. Catalytic Asymmetric Michael Reaction of Methyl Alkynyl Ketone Catalyzed by Diphenylprolinol Silyl Ether. ACS ORGANIC & INORGANIC AU 2022; 2:245-251. [PMID: 36855469 PMCID: PMC9954212 DOI: 10.1021/acsorginorgau.1c00054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The asymmetric Michael reaction of methyl alkynyl ketone and α,β-unsaturated aldehyde catalyzed by diphenylprolinol silyl ether was developed. Although methyl alkynyl ketone is a good Michael acceptor, it also acts as a Michael donor to afford the synthetically important δ-oxo aldehydes with excellent enantioselectivity. The products possessing several functional groups, such as alkyne, ketone, and aldehyde moieties, are useful chiral building blocks for further synthesis. Using this reaction as a key step, a side chain of atorvastatin (Lipitor), an inhibitor of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase, was synthesized in a two-pot sequence with excellent diastereo- and enantioselectivities.
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Parella R, Jakkampudi S, Bora P, Sakkani N, Zhao JCG. Domino Michael/Michael reaction catalyzed by switchable modularly designed organocatalysts. Org Biomol Chem 2021; 20:163-172. [PMID: 34877959 DOI: 10.1039/d1ob01991k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The domino Michael/Michael reaction between (E)-7-aryl-7-oxohept-5-enals and trans-cinnamaldehydes was investigated by using modularly designed organocatalysts (MDOs). It was found that both the enamine and iminium catalytic modes of the MDOs are switchable and can be individually switched on and off by using appropriate combinations of the precatalyst modules and the reaction conditions. When both the enamine and iminium catalysis modes of the MDOs are switched on, the desired domino reaction products can be obtained in good yields and stereoselectivities under optimized conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramarao Parella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-069, USA.
| | - Satish Jakkampudi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-069, USA.
| | - Pranjal Bora
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-069, USA.
| | - Nagaraju Sakkani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-069, USA.
| | - John C-G Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-069, USA.
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Odoh AS, Aidanpää L, Umekubo N, Matoba H, Mori N, Hayashi Y. Asymmetric Synthesis of Pentasubstituted Cyclohexanes through Diphenylprolinol Silyl Ether Mediated Domino Michael/Michael Reaction. European J Org Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ejoc.202101106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amaechi Shedrack Odoh
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science Tohoku University 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980–8578 Japan
| | - Louise Aidanpää
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science Tohoku University 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980–8578 Japan
| | - Nariyoshi Umekubo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science Tohoku University 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980–8578 Japan
| | - Hiroaki Matoba
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science Tohoku University 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980–8578 Japan
| | - Naoki Mori
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science Tohoku University 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980–8578 Japan
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science Tohoku University 6-3 Aza-Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980–8578 Japan
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10
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Umekubo N, Taniguchi T, Monde K, Hayashi Y. Synthesis of Bicyclo[2.2.2]octanes with a Quaternary Bridgehead Carbon by Diphenylprolinol Silyl Ether‐mediated Domino Reaction. ASIAN J ORG CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ajoc.202100573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nariyoshi Umekubo
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Tohru Taniguchi
- Frontier Research Center of Advanced Material and Life Science Faculty of Advanced Life Science Hokkaido University Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Kenji Monde
- Frontier Research Center of Advanced Material and Life Science Faculty of Advanced Life Science Hokkaido University Sapporo 001-0021 Japan
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry Graduate School of Science Tohoku University Sendai 980-8578 Japan
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11
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Bora P, Jakkampudi S, Parella R, Sakkani N, Dai Q, Bihani M, Arman HD, Zhao JCG. Diastereodivergent synthesis of 4-oxocyclohexanecarbaldehydes by using the modularly designed organocatalysts upon switching on their iminium catalysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:5334-5337. [PMID: 33928958 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc01020d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The cinchona thiourea moiety in the self-assembled modularly designed organocatalysts (MDOs) switches off the iminium catalysis of these catalysts. In this study, it was found that the inhibited iminium catalysis could be switched on by using an appropriate weak acid and that, once the iminium catalysis was switched on, these catalysts could be applied for the highly stereoselective and diastereodivergent synthesis of 4-oxocyclohexanecarbaldehydes via a domino reaction between ketones and α,β-unsaturated aldehydes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranjal Bora
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-0698, USA.
| | - Satish Jakkampudi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-0698, USA.
| | - Ramarao Parella
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-0698, USA.
| | - Nagaraju Sakkani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-0698, USA.
| | - Qipu Dai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-0698, USA.
| | - Manisha Bihani
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-0698, USA.
| | - Hadi D Arman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-0698, USA.
| | - John C-G Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, Texas 78249-0698, USA.
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Abstract
We would all like to make or obtain the materials or products we want as soon as possible. This is human nature. This is true also for chemists in the synthesis of organic molecules. All chemists would like to make their target molecules as soon as possible, particularly when their interest is in the physical or biological properties of those molecules.As demonstrated by today's COVID-19 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic, rapid synthesis is also crucial to enable chemists to deliver effective therapeutic agents to the community. Several concepts are currently well-accepted as important for achieving this: atom economy, step economy, and redox economy. Considering the importance of synthesizing organic molecules rapidly, I recently proposed adding the concept of time economy.In a multisep synthesis, each step has to be completed within a short period of time to make the desired molecule rapidly. The development of rapid reactions is important but also insufficient. After each step, frequent and repetitive workup operations such as quenching the reaction, extraction, separation of water and organic phases, drying the organic phase, filtration, evaporation, and purification may be required, and the time necessary for these processing operations must be taken into account. Indeed, some of the most time-consuming operations in most syntheses are the purification stages.On the other hand, one-pot reactions are processes in which several sequential reactions are conducted in a single reaction vessel, which avoids the need to purify intermediates. One-pot reactions are a useful way to shorten the total synthesis time, and the approach generally leads to an increase in the yield and a reduction in the amount of chemical waste formed. Thus, I also propose the importance of pot economy.On the basis of these concepts of time and pot economy, we have accomplished efficient syntheses of several natural products and medicines. The key to the success of these syntheses is the use of diphenylprolinol silyl ether as an effective catalyst in a one-pot reaction, in which it does not disturb the subsequent reactions. Our strategy is (1) to construct the chiral key skeletons and/or key components of natural products and medicines directly using organocatalyst-mediated one-pot reactions and (2) to conduct the subsequent transformations to the final molecules in a small number of pots utilizing the internal quench method. By means of this strategy, PGE1 methyl ester, estradiol methyl ether, and clinprost were synthesized in three, five, and seven pots, respectively. Furthermore, (-)-oseltamivir, ABT-341, baclofen, and Corey lactone were synthesized in a single reaction vessel. Further optimization of the reactions in terms of time economy allowed (-)-oseltamivir and Corey lactone to be synthesized within 60 and 152 min, respectively. These syntheses will be highlighted as case studies. Although the organocatalyst is a key compound in this Account, pot- and time-economical syntheses can be expanded to organometallic chemistry and, indeed, to organic chemistry in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiro Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki Aza Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8578, Japan
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Yu SJ, Zhu YN, Ye JL, Huang PQ. A versatile approach to functionalized cyclic ketones bearing quaternary carbon stereocenters via organocatalytic asymmetric conjugate addition of nitroalkanes to cyclic β-substituted α,β-Enones. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2021.132005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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14
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Abstract
The pot-economical synthesis of clinprost is reported, in which the core bicyclo[3.3.0]octenone structure was synthesized by two key steps: an asymmetric domino Michael/Michael reaction catalyzed by diphenylprolinol silyl ether and an intramolecular Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction. The trisubstituted endocyclic alkene was selectively introduced by 1,4-reduction followed by trapping of the generated enolate with Tf2NPh and subsequent utilization of the Suzuki-Miyaura coupling reaction. Chiral, nonracemic clinprost was synthesized in seven pots with a 17% total yield and excellent enantioselectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nariyoshi Umekubo
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
| | - Yujiro Hayashi
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, 6-3 Aramaki Aza-Aoba, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi 980-8578, Japan
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