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Yu H, Li R, Wu M, Huang C, Hou S, Zhou Q, Zhu FY, Xiao F, Zhu D, Zhu MQ, Li C, Xu J, Xiao S. Dual AIE and Visible-Light-Driven Photoswitchable Polymer for Super-resolution Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2025; 17:25801-25809. [PMID: 40249914 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5c03246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2025]
Abstract
Photochromic polymers and aggregation-induced emission (AIE) materials show great potential for many applications. To explore the synergy of both characteristics in polymer material areas, we reported the first synthesis of tetraphenylethylene (TPE)-diarylethene (DAE) polymer and its application as a super-resolution probe for imaging self-assembled cylindrical micelles of PSt38k-b-PEO11k. The polymer exhibits high fluorescence ON/OFF ratios, visible-light-driven photocycloreversion, and AIE properties. Compared with other DAE materials studied in super-resolution imaging, our polymer shows advantages of visible-light-driven photocycloreversion, higher resolution, higher fluorescence quantum yield, or higher thermal stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongbo Yu
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Ruiyao Li
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Mei Wu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optics and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chengxin Huang
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Shuai Hou
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Qinghai Zhou
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Feng-Yu Zhu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optics and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Xiao
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Dongyuan Zhu
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Ming-Qiang Zhu
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optics and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chong Li
- Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics (WNLO), School of Optics and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jingjing Xu
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
| | - Shengxiong Xiao
- The Education Ministry Key Lab of Resource Chemistry, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Functional Materials, Shanghai Frontiers Science Center of Biomimetic Catalysis, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai 200234, China
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Zhang J, Creamer A, Xie K, Tang J, Salter L, Wojciechowski JP, Stevens MM. Bright and stable anti-counterfeiting devices with independent stochastic processes covering multiple length scales. Nat Commun 2025; 16:502. [PMID: 39779668 PMCID: PMC11711641 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-024-55646-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2024] [Accepted: 12/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/11/2025] Open
Abstract
Physical unclonable functions (PUFs) are considered the most promising approach to address the global issue of counterfeiting. Current PUF devices are often based on a single stochastic process, which can be broken, especially since their practical encoding capacities can be significantly lower than the theoretical value. Here we present stochastic PUF devices with features across multiple length scales, which incorporate semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) as fluorescent taggants. The SPNs exhibit high brightness, photostability and size tunability when compared to the current state-of-the-art taggants. As a result, they are easily detectable and highly resilient to UV radiation. By embedding SPNs in photoresists, we generate PUFs consisting of nanoscale (distribution of SPNs within microspots), microscale (fractal edges on microspots), and macroscale (random microspot array) designs. With the assistance of a deep-learning model, the resulting PUFs show both near-ideal performance and accessibility for general end users, offering a strategy for next-generation security devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junfang Zhang
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Adam Creamer
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Kai Xie
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Jiaqing Tang
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Luke Salter
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - Jonathan P Wojciechowski
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London, London, UK
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Molly M Stevens
- Department of Materials, Department of Bioengineering, Institute of Biomedical Engineering Imperial College London, London, UK.
- Department of Physiology, Anatomy and Genetics, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Kavli Institute for Nanoscience Discovery, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Department of Engineering Science, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
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Zhang Z, Yu C, Wu Y, Wang Z, Xu H, Yan Y, Zhan Z, Yin S. Semiconducting polymer dots for multifunctional integrated nanomedicine carriers. Mater Today Bio 2024; 26:101028. [PMID: 38590985 PMCID: PMC11000120 DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.101028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024] Open
Abstract
The expansion applications of semiconducting polymer dots (Pdots) among optical nanomaterial field have long posed a challenge for researchers, promoting their intelligent application in multifunctional nano-imaging systems and integrated nanomedicine carriers for diagnosis and treatment. Despite notable progress, several inadequacies still persist in the field of Pdots, including the development of simplified near-infrared (NIR) optical nanoprobes, elucidation of their inherent biological behavior, and integration of information processing and nanotechnology into biomedical applications. This review aims to comprehensively elucidate the current status of Pdots as a classical nanophotonic material by discussing its advantages and limitations in terms of biocompatibility, adaptability to microenvironments in vivo, etc. Multifunctional integration and surface chemistry play crucial roles in realizing the intelligent application of Pdots. Information visualization based on their optical and physicochemical properties is pivotal for achieving detection, sensing, and labeling probes. Therefore, we have refined the underlying mechanisms and constructed multiple comprehensive original mechanism summaries to establish a benchmark. Additionally, we have explored the cross-linking interactions between Pdots and nanomedicine, potential yet complete biological metabolic pathways, future research directions, and innovative solutions for integrating diagnosis and treatment strategies. This review presents the possible expectations and valuable insights for advancing Pdots, specifically from chemical, medical, and photophysical practitioners' standpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze Zhang
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery II, General Surgery Center, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Chenhao Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Yuyang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Zhe Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Haotian Xu
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Yining Yan
- Department of Radiology, The Third Bethune Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130000, PR China
| | - Zhixin Zhan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
| | - Shengyan Yin
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronic, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, No.2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun, Jilin 130012, PR China
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