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Pereira AG, Echave J, Jorge AOS, Nogueira-Marques R, Nur Yuksek E, Barciela P, Perez-Vazquez A, Chamorro F, P. P. Oliveira MB, Carpena M, Prieto MA. Therapeutic and Preventive Potential of Plant-Derived Antioxidant Nutraceuticals. Foods 2025; 14:1749. [PMID: 40428528 PMCID: PMC12110886 DOI: 10.3390/foods14101749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2025] [Revised: 05/09/2025] [Accepted: 05/10/2025] [Indexed: 05/29/2025] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and its relation to the onset of several chronic diseases have been increasingly highlighted in recent years. In parallel, there has been an increasing interest in the antioxidant properties of phytochemicals. Phytochemicals are products of plant secondary metabolism, including structural polysaccharides, unsaturated fatty acids, pigments (chlorophylls, carotenoids, and anthocyanins), or phenolic compounds. Phytochemicals can be obtained from lower and higher plants, their fruits, and even from macro- or microalgae. Their diverse structural features are linked to different beneficial effects through various molecular mechanisms, contributing to disease prevention. Beyond antioxidant activity, many phytochemicals also display anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, anti-obesity, and neuroprotective effects, which can be intertwined. Beyond these, other natural antioxidants can also be obtained from animal, fungal, and bacterial sources. Thus, a wide range of antioxidants have the potential to be used as nutraceuticals with chemopreventive effects on the onset of various diseases related to antioxidant stress. Given their enormous structural and sourcing diversity, the present work provides an updated insight into the therapeutic and preventive potential of plant-derived antioxidants and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antia G. Pereira
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Food Group (NuFoG), Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)—CITEXVI, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (A.G.P.); (J.E.); (A.O.S.J.); (R.N.-M.); (E.N.Y.); (P.B.); (A.P.-V.); (F.C.)
- Investigaciones Agroalimentarias Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, 36312 Vigo, Spain
| | - Javier Echave
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Food Group (NuFoG), Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)—CITEXVI, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (A.G.P.); (J.E.); (A.O.S.J.); (R.N.-M.); (E.N.Y.); (P.B.); (A.P.-V.); (F.C.)
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), LA SusTEC, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 5300-253 Bragança, Portugal
| | - Ana O. S. Jorge
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Food Group (NuFoG), Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)—CITEXVI, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (A.G.P.); (J.E.); (A.O.S.J.); (R.N.-M.); (E.N.Y.); (P.B.); (A.P.-V.); (F.C.)
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Rafael Nogueira-Marques
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Food Group (NuFoG), Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)—CITEXVI, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (A.G.P.); (J.E.); (A.O.S.J.); (R.N.-M.); (E.N.Y.); (P.B.); (A.P.-V.); (F.C.)
| | - Ezgi Nur Yuksek
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Food Group (NuFoG), Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)—CITEXVI, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (A.G.P.); (J.E.); (A.O.S.J.); (R.N.-M.); (E.N.Y.); (P.B.); (A.P.-V.); (F.C.)
| | - Paula Barciela
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Food Group (NuFoG), Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)—CITEXVI, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (A.G.P.); (J.E.); (A.O.S.J.); (R.N.-M.); (E.N.Y.); (P.B.); (A.P.-V.); (F.C.)
| | - Ana Perez-Vazquez
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Food Group (NuFoG), Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)—CITEXVI, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (A.G.P.); (J.E.); (A.O.S.J.); (R.N.-M.); (E.N.Y.); (P.B.); (A.P.-V.); (F.C.)
| | - Franklin Chamorro
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Food Group (NuFoG), Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)—CITEXVI, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (A.G.P.); (J.E.); (A.O.S.J.); (R.N.-M.); (E.N.Y.); (P.B.); (A.P.-V.); (F.C.)
| | - Maria B. P. P. Oliveira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV, Department of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, R. Jorge Viterbo Ferreira 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Maria Carpena
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Food Group (NuFoG), Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)—CITEXVI, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (A.G.P.); (J.E.); (A.O.S.J.); (R.N.-M.); (E.N.Y.); (P.B.); (A.P.-V.); (F.C.)
| | - Miguel A. Prieto
- Universidade de Vigo, Nutrition and Food Group (NuFoG), Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Instituto de Agroecoloxía e Alimentación (IAA)—CITEXVI, 36310 Vigo, Spain; (A.G.P.); (J.E.); (A.O.S.J.); (R.N.-M.); (E.N.Y.); (P.B.); (A.P.-V.); (F.C.)
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Yang L, Luo R, Tong Z, Song Y, Zhou G, Peng Z, Lu X, Peng B, Shao R, Xu W. Achieving efficient co-expression of endo- β-1,4-xylanase and α-arabinofuranosidase in Trichoderma reesei and application in the production of arabino-xylo-oligosaccharides. Int J Biol Macromol 2025; 306:141599. [PMID: 40049469 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.141599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2024] [Revised: 02/09/2025] [Accepted: 02/27/2025] [Indexed: 03/09/2025]
Abstract
A feasible process for the degradation of psyllium arabinoxylan (AX) to arabino-xylo-oligosaccharides (AXOS) is proposed. A suspension of Trichoderma reesei mycelium suspension, acting on seed husks of psyllium as a carbon source, produced endo-β-1,4-xylanase (xynTR) and α-arabinofuranosidase (abfTR), with enzymatic activity levels of 11.09 ± 0.09 and 11.46 ± 0.16 IU/mL, respectively. AX derived from psyllium husk was hydrolyzed successfully through a fractional precipitation of 50 % (NH4)2SO4 with xynTR and abfTR at a dosage of 200 and 157.84 IU per gram of substrate, respectively. The yield of AXOS was 30.95 % ± 0.50 %. The process reported here addresses the problem of the refractory hydrolysis of AX with multi-branched chain structure. The addition of abfTR in the AX hydrolysis system resulted in the removal of the arabinose substituents from the xylan backbone of AX, thus alleviating the steric hindrance of xynTR hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Yang
- College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Exploration and Utilization of Marine Wetland Biological Resources, Yancheng 224051, China.
| | - Rongrong Luo
- College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Ziye Tong
- College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Yongqin Song
- College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Gongyu Zhou
- College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Zimeng Peng
- College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Xinye Lu
- College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Bin Peng
- College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Exploration and Utilization of Marine Wetland Biological Resources, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Rong Shao
- College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Exploration and Utilization of Marine Wetland Biological Resources, Yancheng 224051, China
| | - Wei Xu
- College of Marine and Bioengineering, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Exploration and Utilization of Marine Wetland Biological Resources, Yancheng 224051, China.
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Gholami Z, Paknahad Z. The effect of psyllium consumption on blood pressure: Systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Food Sci Nutr 2024; 12:7075-7087. [PMID: 39479650 PMCID: PMC11521634 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.3863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Based on available evidence, psyllium has been found to play a role in preventing and improving hypertension. In light of this, the objective of this investigation is to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the effect of psyllium intake on blood pressure. In order to identify suitable publications, we conduct searches using Scopus, ISI Web of Science (WOS), and PubMed, and from 15 March 2022 to 15 July 2022. This study aims to evaluate the impact of psyllium consumption on blood pressure in adults through randomized controlled trials (RCTs). We used the fixed-effects model which are expressed as weighted mean differences (WMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). In this article, 14 RCT studies and 802 participants were included. Psyllium consumption significantly decreases systolic blood pressure (SBP): (weighted mean difference [WMD]: -2.24; 95% CI: -3.13, -1.35; p < .05), and non-significantly increases diastolic blood pressure (DBP): (WMD: 0.04; 95% CI: -0.52, 0.61; p > .05). Psyllium dosage and duration of consumption had a remarkable linear effect on SBP and DBP. Results showed a significant decrease in SBP and a non-significant increase in DBP following psyllium consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Gholami
- School of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Students' Research CommitteeIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food SciencesIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
| | - Zamzam Paknahad
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food SciencesIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran
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Chu NHS, Chow E, Chan JCN. The Therapeutic Potential of the Specific Intestinal Microbiome (SIM) Diet on Metabolic Diseases. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:498. [PMID: 39056692 PMCID: PMC11273990 DOI: 10.3390/biology13070498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2024] [Revised: 07/02/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Exploring the intricate crosstalk between dietary prebiotics and the specific intestinal microbiome (SIM) is intriguing in explaining the mechanisms of current successful dietary interventions, including the Mediterranean diet and high-fiber diet. This knowledge forms a robust basis for developing a new natural food therapy. The SIM diet can be measured and evaluated to establish a reliable basis for the management of metabolic diseases, such as diabetes, metabolic (dysfunction)-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD), obesity, and metabolic cardiovascular disease. This review aims to delve into the existing body of research to shed light on the promising developments of possible dietary prebiotics in this field and explore the implications for clinical practice. The exciting part is the crosstalk of diet, microbiota, and gut-organ interactions facilitated by producing short-chain fatty acids, bile acids, and subsequent metabolite production. These metabolic-related microorganisms include Butyricicoccus, Akkermansia, and Phascolarctobacterium. The SIM diet, rather than supplementation, holds the promise of significant health consequences via the prolonged reaction with the gut microbiome. Most importantly, the literature consistently reports no adverse effects, providing a strong foundation for the safety of this dietary therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natural H. S. Chu
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China; (E.C.); (J.C.N.C.)
| | - Elaine Chow
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China; (E.C.); (J.C.N.C.)
| | - Juliana C. N. Chan
- Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China; (E.C.); (J.C.N.C.)
- Hong Kong Institute of Diabetes and Obesity, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Li Ka Shing Institute of Health Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong SAR, China
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He L, Shen K, He L, Chen Y, Tang Z. The Mechanism of Plantaginis Semen in the Treatment of Diabetic Nephropathy based on Network Pharmacology and Molecular Docking Technology. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2024; 24:363-379. [PMID: 37718520 DOI: 10.2174/1871530323666230915100355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the common complications of diabetes. Plantaginis Semen (PS) has a variety of therapeutic effects, however its mechanism on DN is unclear. OBJECTIVE This paper aims to find the ingredients, the key targets, and the action pathways of PS on DN from the perspective of network pharmacology. METHODS The databases of network pharmacology, such as Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform (TCMSP), Pharmmapper, OMIM, DrugBank, Gene- Cards, TTD, Disgenet, STRING, and Cytoscape software, were used to find the main ingredients and targets. Gene Ontology (GO) function and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genome and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analysis were used to reveal the potential pathways of the PS on DN. The GEO database was used to find the targets of DN based on valid experimental research. The molecular docking technology was used to evaluate the combination between ingredients of PS and the targets. RESULTS A total of 9 active ingredients and 216 potential therapeutic targets were obtained for PS on DN. Hub targets were discovered by the Cytoscape software analysis. CASP3 was screened by Venn diagram by making intersection between GSE30529 and hub genes. Moreover, CASP3 was combined with one of the nine active ingredients, quercetin, by molecular docking analysis. The KEGG pathways were mainly involved in diabetic nephropathy, and were simultaneously associated with CASP3 as followed: AGE-RAGE signaling pathway in diabetic complications, apoptosis, lipid and atherosclerosis, MAPK signaling pathway, TNF signaling pathway, IL-17 signaling pathway, and p53 signaling pathway. CONCLUSION PS can have the treatment on DN through CASP3. Quercetin, as one of the nine active ingredients, can be bounded to CASP3 to inhibit apoptosis in DN. PS can also take action on DN probably through many pathways. The role of PS on DN through other pathways still needs to be further elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin He
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Kai Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Lei He
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Zhiyuan Tang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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Cheung B, Sikand G, Dineen EH, Malik S, Barseghian El-Farra A. Lipid-Lowering Nutraceuticals for an Integrative Approach to Dyslipidemia. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103414. [PMID: 37240523 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/07/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Dyslipidemia is a treatable risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease that can be addressed through lifestyle changes and/or lipid-lowering therapies. Adherence to statins can be a clinical challenge in some patients due to statin-associated muscle symptoms and other side effects. There is a growing interest in integrative cardiology and nutraceuticals in the management of dyslipidemia, as some patients desire or are actively seeking a more natural approach. These agents have been used in patients with and without established atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. We provide an updated review of the evidence on many new and emerging nutraceuticals. We describe the mechanism of action, lipid-lowering effects, and side effects of many nutraceuticals, including red yeast rice, bergamot and others.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian Cheung
- Susan Samueli Integrative Health Institute, 856 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92521, USA
| | - Geeta Sikand
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92521, USA
| | - Elizabeth H Dineen
- Susan Samueli Integrative Health Institute, 856 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92521, USA
| | - Shaista Malik
- Susan Samueli Integrative Health Institute, 856 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92521, USA
| | - Ailin Barseghian El-Farra
- Susan Samueli Integrative Health Institute, 856 Health Sciences Road, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
- Division of Cardiology, University of California, Irvine, CA 92521, USA
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Cholewińska E, Marzec A, Sołek P, Fotschki B, Listos P, Ognik K, Juśkiewicz J. The Effect of Copper Nanoparticles and a Different Source of Dietary Fibre in the Diet on the Integrity of the Small Intestine in the Rat. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15071588. [PMID: 37049430 PMCID: PMC10096726 DOI: 10.3390/nu15071588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to verify the hypothesis regarding the effect of recommended (6.5 mg/kg) or enhanced (13 mg/kg) level of CuNPs in the diet in combination with different types of dietary fibre—cellulose (control), inulin, pectin or psyllium—on selected biological parameters of intestinal integrity in rats. Rats were randomly divided into 10 groups. The first two groups were fed a control diet that contained cellulose, and a mineral mixture with standard or enhanced content of CuCO3. Experimental groups were fed a diet supplemented with CuNPs (6.5 or 13 mg/kg) and combined with different types of fibre (cellulose, pectin, inulin or psyllium). After the feeding period, blood and small intestine samples were collected for further analysis. Replacing CuCO3 by CuNPs in the diet positively reduced the level of lactic acid and apoptosis markers in the small intestine; however, it also resulted in the intensification of DNA oxidation. The most beneficial effect on DNA repair mechanisms is related to inulin, while pectin has the greatest ability to inhibit inflammatory processes that induce the apoptotic death of cells in the small intestine. Our results suggest that dietary fibre supplementation protects the small intestine against potentially harmful, oxidative effects of CuNPs by intensifying the intestinal barrier.
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