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Mathes N, Comas M, Bleul R, Everaert K, Hermle T, Wiekhorst F, Knittel P, Sperling RA, Vidal X. Nitrogen-vacancy center magnetic imaging of Fe 3O 4 nanoparticles inside the gastrointestinal tract of Drosophila melanogaster. NANOSCALE ADVANCES 2023; 6:247-255. [PMID: 38125606 PMCID: PMC10729879 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00684k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Widefield magnetometry based on nitrogen-vacancy centers enables high spatial resolution imaging of magnetic field distributions without a need for spatial scanning. In this work, we show nitrogen-vacancy center magnetic imaging of Fe3O4 nanoparticles within the gastrointestinal tract of Drosophila melanogaster larvae. Vector magnetic field imaging based on optically detected magnetic resonance is carried out on dissected larvae intestine organs containing accumulations of externally loaded magnetic nanoparticles. The distribution of the magnetic nanoparticles within the tissue can be clearly deduced from the magnetic stray field measurements. Spatially resolved magnetic imaging requires the nitrogen-vacancy centers to be very close to the sample making the technique particularly interesting for thin tissue samples. This study is a proof of principle showing the capability of nitrogen-vacancy center magnetometry as a technique to detect magnetic nanoparticle distributions in Drosophila melanogaster larvae that can be extended to other biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niklas Mathes
- Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Solid State Physics IAF Freiburg Germany
| | - Maria Comas
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg Hugstetter Straße 55 79106 Freiburg Germany
| | - Regina Bleul
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20 55129 Mainz Germany
| | - Katrijn Everaert
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Abbestraße 2-12 Berlin Germany
- Department of Solid State Sciences, Ghent University Krijgslaan 281/S1 Ghent Belgium
| | - Tobias Hermle
- Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Medical Center, University of Freiburg Hugstetter Straße 55 79106 Freiburg Germany
| | - Frank Wiekhorst
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt Abbestraße 2-12 Berlin Germany
| | - Peter Knittel
- Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Solid State Physics IAF Freiburg Germany
| | - Ralph A Sperling
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microengineering and Microsystems IMM Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20 55129 Mainz Germany
| | - Xavier Vidal
- Fraunhofer Institute of Applied Solid State Physics IAF Freiburg Germany
- TECNALIA, Basque Research and Technology Alliance (BRTA) Derio 48160 Spain
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2
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Amrein P, Bruckmaier F, Jia F, Bucher DB, Zaitsev M, Littin S. Optimal bi-planar gradient coil configurations for diamond nitrogen-vacancy based diffusion-weighted NMR experiments. MAGMA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2023; 36:921-932. [PMID: 37578612 PMCID: PMC10667408 DOI: 10.1007/s10334-023-01111-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Diffusion weighting in optically detected magnetic resonance experiments involving diamond nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers can provide valuable microstructural information. Bi-planar gradient coils employed for diffusion weighting afford excellent spatial access, essential for integrating the NV-NMR components. Nevertheless, owing to the polar tilt of roughly [Formula: see text] of the diamond NV center, the primary magnetic field direction must be taken into account accordingly. METHODS To determine the most effective bi-planar gradient coil configurations, we conducted an investigation into the impact of various factors, including the square side length, surface separation, and surface orientation. This was accomplished by generating over 500 bi-planar surface configurations using automated methods. RESULTS We successfully generated and evaluated coil layouts in terms of sensitivity and field accuracy. Interestingly, inclined bi-planar orientations close to the NV-NMR setup's requirement, showed higher sensitivity for the transverse gradient channels than horizontal or vertical orientations. We fabricated a suitable solution as a three-channel bi-planar double-layered PCB system and experimentally validated the sensitivities at [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] for the transverse [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] gradients, and [Formula: see text] for the [Formula: see text] gradient. DISCUSSION We found that the chosen relative bi-planar tilt of [Formula: see text] represents a reasonable compromise in terms of overall performance and allows for easier coil implementation with a straight, horizontal alignment within the overall experimental setup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Amrein
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstrasse 5a, 79106, Freiburg, Germany.
| | - Fleming Bruckmaier
- Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Feng Jia
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstrasse 5a, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominik B Bucher
- Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Maxim Zaitsev
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstrasse 5a, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Littin
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Medical Center Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Killianstrasse 5a, 79106, Freiburg, Germany
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3
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Nieves O, Ortiz de Zárate D, Aznar E, Caballos I, Garrido E, Martínez-Máñez R, Dortu F, Bernier D, Mengual-Chuliá B, López-Labrador FX, Sloth JJ, Loeschner K, Duedahl-Olesen L, Prado N, Hervello M, Menéndez A, Gransee R, Klotzbuecher T, Gonçalves MC, Zare F, Fuentes López A, Fernández Segovia I, Baviera JMB, Salcedo J, Recuero S, Simón S, Fernández Blanco A, Peransi S, Gómez-Gómez M, Griol A. Development of Photonic Multi-Sensing Systems Based on Molecular Gates Biorecognition and Plasmonic Sensors: The PHOTONGATE Project. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:8548. [PMID: 37896641 PMCID: PMC10611383 DOI: 10.3390/s23208548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents the concept of a novel adaptable sensing solution currently being developed under the EU Commission-founded PHOTONGATE project. This concept will allow for the quantification of multiple analytes of the same or different nature (chemicals, metals, bacteria, etc.) in a single test with levels of sensitivity and selectivity at/or over those offered by current solutions. PHOTONGATE relies on two core technologies: a biochemical technology (molecular gates), which will confer the specificity and, therefore, the capability to be adaptable to the analyte of interest, and which, combined with porous substrates, will increase the sensitivity, and a photonic technology based on localized surface plasmonic resonance (LSPR) structures that serve as transducers for light interaction. Both technologies are in the micron range, facilitating the integration of multiple sensors within a small area (mm2). The concept will be developed for its application in health diagnosis and food safety sectors. It is thought of as an easy-to-use modular concept, which will consist of the sensing module, mainly of a microfluidics cartridge that will house the photonic sensor, and a platform for fluidic handling, optical interrogation, and signal processing. The platform will include a new optical concept, which is fully European Union Made, avoiding optical fibers and expensive optical components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar Nieves
- Nanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (O.N.); (D.O.d.Z.)
| | - David Ortiz de Zárate
- Nanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (O.N.); (D.O.d.Z.)
| | - Elena Aznar
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (E.A.); (I.C.); (E.G.); (R.M.-M.)
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IISLAFE) Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Isabel Caballos
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (E.A.); (I.C.); (E.G.); (R.M.-M.)
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IISLAFE) Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Eva Garrido
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (E.A.); (I.C.); (E.G.); (R.M.-M.)
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IISLAFE) Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Ramón Martínez-Máñez
- Instituto Interuniversitario de Investigación de Reconocimiento Molecular y Desarrollo Tecnológico, Universitat Politècnica de València, Universitat de València, Camino de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (E.A.); (I.C.); (E.G.); (R.M.-M.)
- Unidad Mixta de Investigación en Nanomedicina y Sensores, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe (IISLAFE) Avenida Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Valencia, Spain
- CIBER de Bioingeniería, Biomateriales y Nanomedicina (CIBER-BBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Fabian Dortu
- Multitel, Parc Initialis 2, Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (F.D.); (D.B.)
| | - Damien Bernier
- Multitel, Parc Initialis 2, Rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 7000 Mons, Belgium; (F.D.); (D.B.)
| | - Beatriz Mengual-Chuliá
- Virology Laboratory, Genomics and Health Area, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana, FISABIO-Public Health, Generalitat Valenciana, 46020 Valencia, Spain; (B.M.-C.); (F.X.L.-L.)
| | - F. Xavier López-Labrador
- Virology Laboratory, Genomics and Health Area, Fundación para el Fomento de la Investigación Sanitaria y Biomédica de la Comunitat Valenciana, FISABIO-Public Health, Generalitat Valenciana, 46020 Valencia, Spain; (B.M.-C.); (F.X.L.-L.)
- CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Departament de Microbiologia i Ecologia, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain
| | - Jens J. Sloth
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet B201, DK-2800 KGS. Lyngby, Denmark; (J.J.S.); (K.L.); (L.D.-O.)
| | - Katrin Loeschner
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet B201, DK-2800 KGS. Lyngby, Denmark; (J.J.S.); (K.L.); (L.D.-O.)
| | - Lene Duedahl-Olesen
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kemitorvet B201, DK-2800 KGS. Lyngby, Denmark; (J.J.S.); (K.L.); (L.D.-O.)
| | - Natalia Prado
- Asociación de Investigación de Industrias Cárnicas del Principado de Asturias (ASINCAR), Polígono La Barreda, Calle Solelleros 5, 33180 Noreña, Spain; (N.P.); (M.H.); (A.M.)
| | - Martín Hervello
- Asociación de Investigación de Industrias Cárnicas del Principado de Asturias (ASINCAR), Polígono La Barreda, Calle Solelleros 5, 33180 Noreña, Spain; (N.P.); (M.H.); (A.M.)
| | - Armando Menéndez
- Asociación de Investigación de Industrias Cárnicas del Principado de Asturias (ASINCAR), Polígono La Barreda, Calle Solelleros 5, 33180 Noreña, Spain; (N.P.); (M.H.); (A.M.)
| | - Rainer Gransee
- Fraunhofer IMM, Carl-Zeiss-Str. 18-20, 55129 Mainz, Germany; (R.G.); (T.K.)
| | | | - M. Clara Gonçalves
- Instituto Superior Técnico, CQE, Avenida Rovisco País 1, 1049 001 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.C.G.); (F.Z.)
| | - Fahimeh Zare
- Instituto Superior Técnico, CQE, Avenida Rovisco País 1, 1049 001 Lisboa, Portugal; (M.C.G.); (F.Z.)
| | - Ana Fuentes López
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio Natural, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (A.F.L.); (J.M.B.B.)
| | - Isabel Fernández Segovia
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio Natural, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (A.F.L.); (J.M.B.B.)
| | - Jose M. Barat Baviera
- Departamento de Tecnología de Alimentos, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica y del Medio Natural, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (A.F.L.); (J.M.B.B.)
| | - Jaime Salcedo
- Lumensia Sensors S.L., Camí de Vera s/n, 46020 Valencia, Spain; (J.S.); (S.R.); (A.F.B.)
| | - Sara Recuero
- Lumensia Sensors S.L., Camí de Vera s/n, 46020 Valencia, Spain; (J.S.); (S.R.); (A.F.B.)
| | - Santiago Simón
- Lumensia Sensors S.L., Camí de Vera s/n, 46020 Valencia, Spain; (J.S.); (S.R.); (A.F.B.)
| | - Ana Fernández Blanco
- Lumensia Sensors S.L., Camí de Vera s/n, 46020 Valencia, Spain; (J.S.); (S.R.); (A.F.B.)
| | - Sergio Peransi
- Lumensia Sensors S.L., Camí de Vera s/n, 46020 Valencia, Spain; (J.S.); (S.R.); (A.F.B.)
| | - Maribel Gómez-Gómez
- Nanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (O.N.); (D.O.d.Z.)
| | - Amadeu Griol
- Nanophotonics Technology Center, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camí de Vera s/n, 46022 Valencia, Spain; (O.N.); (D.O.d.Z.)
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Staudenmaier N, Vijayakumar-Sreeja A, Genov G, Cohen D, Findler C, Lang J, Retzker A, Jelezko F, Oviedo-Casado S. Optimal Sensing Protocol for Statistically Polarized Nano-NMR with NV Centers. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 131:150801. [PMID: 37897751 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.150801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion noise represents a major constraint to successful liquid state nano-NMR spectroscopy. Using the Fisher information as a faithful measure, we theoretically calculate and experimentally show that phase sensitive protocols are superior in most experimental scenarios, as they maximize information extraction from correlations in the sample. We derive the optimal experimental parameters for quantum heterodyne detection (Qdyne) and present the most accurate statistically polarized nano-NMR Qdyne detection experiments to date, leading the way to resolve chemical shifts and J couplings at the nanoscale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Staudenmaier
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Genko Genov
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Daniel Cohen
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Christoph Findler
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Diatope GmbH, Buchenweg 23, 88444 Ummendorf, Germany
| | - Johannes Lang
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
- Diatope GmbH, Buchenweg 23, 88444 Ummendorf, Germany
| | - Alex Retzker
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
- AWS Center for Quantum Computing, Pasadena 91125, California, USA
| | - Fedor Jelezko
- Institute for Quantum Optics, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, 89081 Ulm, Germany
| | - Santiago Oviedo-Casado
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904 Jerusalem, Israel
- Área de Física Aplicada, Universidad Politécnica de Cartagena, Cartagena E-30202, Spain
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5
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Neuling NR, Allert RD, Bucher DB. Prospects of single-cell nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy with quantum sensors. Curr Opin Biotechnol 2023; 83:102975. [PMID: 37573624 DOI: 10.1016/j.copbio.2023.102975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Single-cell analysis can unravel functional heterogeneity within cell populations otherwise obscured by ensemble measurements. However, noninvasive techniques that probe chemical entities and their dynamics are still lacking. This challenge could be overcome by novel sensors based on nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond, which enable nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy on unprecedented sample volumes. In this perspective, we briefly introduce NV-based quantum sensing and review the progress made in microscale NV-NMR spectroscopy. Last, we discuss approaches to enhance the sensitivity of NV ensemble magnetometers to detect biologically relevant concentrations and provide a roadmap toward their application in single-cell analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick R Neuling
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany; Munich Center of Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstr. 4, 80779 München, Germany
| | - Robin D Allert
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany; Munich Center of Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstr. 4, 80779 München, Germany
| | - Dominik B Bucher
- Technical University of Munich, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Lichtenbergstr. 4, 85748 Garching b. München, Germany; Munich Center of Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstr. 4, 80779 München, Germany.
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6
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Fujiwara M. Diamond quantum sensors in microfluidics technology. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2023; 17:054107. [PMID: 37854889 PMCID: PMC10581739 DOI: 10.1063/5.0172795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Diamond quantum sensing is an emerging technology for probing multiple physico-chemical parameters in the nano- to micro-scale dimensions within diverse chemical and biological contexts. Integrating these sensors into microfluidic devices enables the precise quantification and analysis of small sample volumes in microscale channels. In this Perspective, we present recent advancements in the integration of diamond quantum sensors with microfluidic devices and explore their prospects with a focus on forthcoming technological developments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masazumi Fujiwara
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Environmental, Life, Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, 3-1-1, Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama-shi, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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7
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Bruckmaier F, Allert RD, Neuling NR, Amrein P, Littin S, Briegel KD, Schätzle P, Knittel P, Zaitsev M, Bucher DB. Imaging local diffusion in microstructures using NV-based pulsed field gradient NMR. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadh3484. [PMID: 37595048 PMCID: PMC10438442 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adh3484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/20/2023]
Abstract
Understanding diffusion in microstructures plays a crucial role in many scientific fields, including neuroscience, medicine, or energy research. While magnetic resonance (MR) methods are the gold standard for diffusion measurements, spatial encoding in MR imaging has limitations. Here, we introduce nitrogen-vacancy (NV) center-based nuclear MR (NMR) spectroscopy as a powerful tool to probe diffusion within microscopic sample volumes. We have developed an experimental scheme that combines pulsed gradient spin echo (PGSE) with optically detected NV-NMR spectroscopy, allowing local quantification of molecular diffusion and flow. We demonstrate correlated optical imaging with spatially resolved PGSE NV-NMR experiments probing anisotropic water diffusion within an individual model microstructure. Our optically detected PGSE NV-NMR technique opens up prospects for extending the current capabilities of investigating diffusion processes with the future potential of probing single cells, tissue microstructures, or ion mobility in thin film materials for battery applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fleming Bruckmaier
- Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Robin D. Allert
- Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Nick R. Neuling
- Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Philipp Amrein
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Sebastian Littin
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Karl D. Briegel
- Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Philip Schätzle
- Department of Sustainable Systems Engineering (INATECH), University of Freiburg, Emmy-Noether-Str. 2, 79110 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Peter Knittel
- Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics, Tullastr. 72, 79108 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Maxim Zaitsev
- Division of Medical Physics, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Dominik B. Bucher
- Department of Chemistry, TUM School of Natural Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85748 Garching, Germany
- Munich Center for Quantum Science and Technology (MCQST), Schellingstr. 4, 80799 München, Germany
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8
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Jiang Z, Cai H, Cernansky R, Liu X, Gao W. Quantum sensing of radio-frequency signal with NV centers in SiC. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2023; 9:eadg2080. [PMID: 37196081 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adg2080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Silicon carbide is an emerging platform for quantum technologies that provides wafer scale and low-cost industrial fabrication. The material also hosts high-quality defects with long coherence times that can be used for quantum computation and sensing applications. Using an ensemble of nitrogen-vacancy centers and an XY8-2 correlation spectroscopy approach, we demonstrate a room-temperature quantum sensing of an artificial AC field centered at ~900 kHz with a spectral resolution of 10 kHz. Implementing the synchronized readout technique, we further extend the frequency resolution of our sensor to 0.01 kHz. These results pave the first steps for silicon carbide quantum sensors toward low-cost nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometers with a wide range of practical applications in medical, chemical, and biological analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzhi Jiang
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Hongbing Cai
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- The Photonics Institute and Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Robert Cernansky
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Institute for Quantum Optics and IQST, Ulm University, Albert-Einstein-Allee 11, Ulm D-89081, Germany
| | - Xiaogang Liu
- Joint School of National University of Singapore and Tianjin University, International Campus of Tianjin University, Binhai New City, Fuzhou 350207, P. R. China
- Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
- Institute of Materials Research and Engineering, Agency for Science, Technology and Research, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Weibo Gao
- Division of Physics and Applied Physics, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- The Photonics Institute and Centre for Disruptive Photonic Technologies, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
- Centre for Quantum Technologies, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
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