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Zhang Z, Li Z, Shi Y, Chen Y. Molecular Bottlebrushes as Emerging Nanocarriers: Material Design and Biomedical Application. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:7286-7299. [PMID: 38535519 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
As a unique unimolecular nanoobject, molecular bottlebrushes (MBBs) have attracted great interest from researchers in nanocarriers attributed to their defined structure, size, and shape. MBBs with various architectures have been proposed and constructed with well-defined domains for loading "cargos", including core, shell, and periphery functional groups. Compared with nanomaterials based on self-assembly, MBBs have lots of advantages, including facile synthesis, flexible compositions, favorable stability, and tunable size and shape, that make them a promising nanoplatform for various applications. This paper summarizes the recent progress during the past decade, with a focus on developments within the last five years in the synthesis of MBBs with different architectures, and uses them as nanocarriers in drug delivery, biological imaging, and other emerging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhen Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zheqi Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yi Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yongming Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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2
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Pham DA, Wang CS, Séguy L, Zhang H, Benbabaali S, Faivre J, Sim S, Xie G, Olszewski M, Rabanel JM, Moldovan F, Matyjaszewski K, Banquy X. Bioinspired Bottlebrush Polymers Effectively Alleviate Frictional Damage Both In Vitro and In Vivo. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024:e2401689. [PMID: 38552182 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202401689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Bottlebrush polymers (BB) have emerged as compelling candidates for biosystems to face tribological challenges, including friction and wear. This study provides a comprehensive assessment of an engineered triblock BB polymer's affinity, cell toxicity, lubrication, and wear protection in both in vitro and in vivo settings, focusing on applications for conditions like osteoarthritis and dry eye syndrome. Results show that the designed polymer rapidly adheres to various surfaces (e.g., cartilage, eye, and contact lens), forming a robust, biocompatible layer for surface lubrication and protection. The tribological performance and biocompatibility are further enhanced in the presence of hyaluronic acid (HA) both in vitro and in vivo. The exceptional lubrication performance and favorable interaction with HA position the synthesized triblock polymer as a promising candidate for innovative treatments addressing deficiencies in bio-lubricant systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duy Anh Pham
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Chang-Sheng Wang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Line Séguy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Hu Zhang
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Sabrina Benbabaali
- Faculté des Sciences et Ingénierie, Sorbonne University, Paris, 75005, France
| | - Jimmy Faivre
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Sotcheadt Sim
- Biomomentum Inc, 1980 rue Michelin, Laval, Québec, H7L 5C2, Canada
| | - Guojun Xie
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Mateusz Olszewski
- Department of Chemistry, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA
| | - Jean-Michel Rabanel
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Florina Moldovan
- Research Center of CHU Sainte-Justine, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | | | - Xavier Banquy
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Montreal, Montréal, Québec, H3T 1J4, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, University of Montreal, Montréal, QC, H3C 3J7, Canada
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Wang C, Zhao H. Polymer Brushes and Surface Nanostructures: Molecular Design, Precise Synthesis, and Self-Assembly. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:2439-2464. [PMID: 38279930 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c02813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
For over two decades, polymer brushes have found wide applications in industry and scientific research. Now, polymer brush research has been a significant research focus in the community of polymer science. In this review paper, we give an introduction to the synthesis, self-assembly, and applications of one-dimensional (1D) polymer brushes on polymer backbones, two-dimensional (2D) polymer brushes on flat surfaces, and three-dimensional (3D) polymer brushes on spherical particles. Examples of the synthesis of polymer brushes on different substrates are provided. Studies on the formation of the surface nanostructures on solid surfaces are also reviewed in this article. Multicomponent polymer brushes on solid surfaces are able to self-assemble into surface micelles (s-micelles). If the s-micelles are linked to the substrates through cleavable linkages, the s-micelles can be cleaved from the substrates, and the cleaved s-micelles are able to self-assemble into hierarchical structures. The formation of the surface nanostructures by coassembly of polymer brushes and "free" polymer chains (coassembly approach) or polymerization-induced surface self-assembly approach, is discussed. The applications of the polymer brushes in colloid and biomedical science are summarized. Finally, perspectives on the development of polymer brushes are offered in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Wang
- College of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Hanying Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Key Laboratory of Functional Polymer Materials of the Ministry of Education, Nankai University, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin), Tianjin 300071, China
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Song X, Man J, Qiu Y, Wang J, Liu J, Li R, Zhang Y, Li J, Li J, Chen Y. Design, preparation, and characterization of lubricating polymer brushes for biomedical applications. Acta Biomater 2024; 175:76-105. [PMID: 38128641 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2023.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
The lubrication modification of biomedical devices significantly enhances the functionality of implanted interventional medical devices, thereby providing additional benefits for patients. Polymer brush coating provides a convenient and efficient method for surface modification while ensuring the preservation of the substrate's original properties. The current research has focused on a "trial and error" method to finding polymer brushes with superior lubricity qualities, which is time-consuming and expensive, as obtaining effective and long-lasting lubricity properties for polymer brushes is difficult. This review summarizes recent research advances in the biomedical field in the design, material selection, preparation, and characterization of lubricating and antifouling polymer brushes, which follow the polymer brush development process. This review begins by examining various approaches to polymer brush design, including molecular dynamics simulation and machine learning, from the fundamentals of polymer brush lubrication. Recent advancements in polymer brush design are then synthesized and potential avenues for future research are explored. Emphasis is placed on the burgeoning field of zwitterionic polymer brushes, and highlighting the broad prospects of supramolecular polymer brushes based on host-guest interactions in the field of self-repairing polymer brush applications. The review culminates by providing a summary of methodologies for characterizing the structural and functional attributes of polymer brushes. It is believed that a development approach for polymer brushes based on "design-material selection-preparation-characterization" can be created, easing the challenge of creating polymer brushes with high-performance lubricating qualities and enabling the on-demand creation of coatings. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Biomedical devices have severe lubrication modification needs, and surface lubrication modification by polymer brush coating is currently the most promising means. However, the design and preparation of polymer brushes often involves "iterative testing" to find polymer brushes with excellent lubrication properties, which is both time-consuming and expensive. This review proposes a polymer brush development process based on the "design-material selection-preparation-characterization" strategy and summarizes recent research advances and trends in the design, material selection, preparation, and characterization of polymer brushes. This review will help polymer brush researchers by alleviating the challenges of creating polymer brushes with high-performance lubricity and promises to enable the on-demand construction of polymer brush lubrication coatings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhong Song
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jia Man
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China.
| | - Yinghua Qiu
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jiali Wang
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Jianing Liu
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Ruijian Li
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
| | - Yongqi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jianyong Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Key Laboratory of High Efficiency and Clean Mechanicalanufacture of Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China; Key National Demonstration Center for Experimental Mechanical Engineering Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250061, PR China
| | - Yuguo Chen
- Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan 250012, PR China
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Shi Y, Hou W, Li Z, Chen Y. Tailoring the Architecture of Molecular Bottlebrushes via Click Grafting-Onto Strategy. Macromol Rapid Commun 2023; 44:e2300362. [PMID: 37625446 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202300362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
Molecular bottlebrush (MBB) refer to a synthetic macromolecule, in which a mass of polymeric side chains (SCs) are covalently connected to a macromolecular backbone densely, representing an important type of unimolecular nanomaterial. The chemical composition, size, shape, and surface property of MBB can be precisely tailored by varying the backbones and SCs as well as the grafting density (Gdst ). Meanwhile, the topological structure of backbones and SCs can also significantly affect the chemical and physical properties of MBBs. For the past few years, by combining the structure features of MBB, the polymers with diverse architectures using MBB as building block are synthesized, including linear, branched, and cyclic MBB etc. These promising architectural features will bring MBBs with diverse architectures and lots of applications in advanced materials. For this reason, this work is interested in giving a briefly summary of the recent progress on tailor of well-defined MBBs with diverse architectures using grafting-onto strategy combined with controlled polymerization technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Shi
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wangmeng Hou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Zheqi Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yongming Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for Polymeric Composite and Functional Materials of Ministry of Education, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
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Chen T, Qiu M, Peng Y, Yi C, Xu Z. Colloidal Polymer-Templated Formation of Inorganic Nanocrystals and their Emerging Applications. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2023; 19:e2303282. [PMID: 37409416 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202303282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023]
Abstract
Inorganic nanocrystals possess unique physicochemical properties compared to their bulk counterparts. Stabilizing agents are commonly used for the preparation of inorganic nanocrystals with controllable properties. Particularly, colloidal polymers have emerged as general and robust templates for in situ formation and confinement of inorganic nanocrystals. In addition to templating and stabilizing inorganic nanocrystals, colloidal polymers can tailor their physicochemical properties such as size, shape, structure, composition, surface chemistry, and so on. By incorporating functional groups into colloidal polymers, desired functions can be integrated with inorganic nanocrystals, advancing their potential applications. Here, recent advances in the colloidal polymer-templated formation of inorganic nanocrystals are reviewed. Seven types of colloidal polymers, including dendrimer, polymer micelle, stare-like block polymer, bottlebrush polymer, spherical polyelectrolyte brush, microgel, and single-chain nanoparticle, have been extensively applied for the synthesis of inorganic nanocrystals. Different strategies for the development of these colloidal polymer-templated inorganic nanocrystals are summarized. Then, their emerging applications in the fields of catalysis, biomedicine, solar cells, sensing, light-emitting diodes, and lithium-ion batteries are highlighted. Last, the remaining issues and future directions are discussed. This review will stimulate the development and application of colloidal polymer-templated inorganic nanocrystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianyou Chen
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Meishuang Qiu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Yan Peng
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Changfeng Yi
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
| | - Zushun Xu
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Green Preparation and Application of Functional Materials, Hubei Key Laboratory of Polymer Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, China
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Sun H, Wang X, Chen Q, Wang Z. Nanostructures, Linear Rheological Responses, and Tunable Mechanical Properties of Microphase-Separated Cellulose- graft-Diblock Bottlebrush Copolymer Elastomers. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:3647-3656. [PMID: 37462907 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
A series of cellulose-graft-diblock bottlebrush copolymer elastomers (cellulose-graft-poly(n-butyl acrylate)-block-poly(methyl methacrylate) (Cell-g-PBA-b-PMMA)) with short side chains were synthesized via successive atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) to study the influence of varying compositions and lengths of the graft diblock side chains on microphase morphologies and properties. The microphase-separated morphologies from misaligned spheres to cylinders were observed by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements. These bottlebrush copolymer elastomers possessed thermal stability and enhanced mechanical properties because the PMMA outer block could self-assemble into hard microdomains, which served as physical cross-links. The viscoelastic responses of these bottlebrush copolymers within the linear viscoelastic (LVE) regime were carried out by the oscillatory shear rheology. The time-temperature superposition (tTs) principle was applied to construct the master curves of the dynamic moduli, and the sequential relaxation of dense bottlebrush copolymers with different PMMA hard outer block lengths was analyzed. The rheological behaviors in this work could be utilized to build up the connection of microstructures and properties for the application of these bottlebrush copolymers as high-performance thermoplastic elastomers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanjuan Sun
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xuehui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
| | - Quan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Polymer Physics and Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P. R. China
| | - Zhigang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent Chemistry, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, P. R. China
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Xue Y, Cao M, Chen C, Zhong M. Design of Microstructure-Engineered Polymers for Energy and Environmental Conservation. JACS AU 2023; 3:1284-1300. [PMID: 37234122 PMCID: PMC10207122 DOI: 10.1021/jacsau.3c00081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
With the ever-growing demand for sustainability, designing polymeric materials using readily accessible feedstocks provides potential solutions to address the challenges in energy and environmental conservation. Complementing the prevailing strategy of varying chemical composition, engineering microstructures of polymer chains by precisely controlling their chain length distribution, main chain regio-/stereoregularity, monomer or segment sequence, and architecture creates a powerful toolbox to rapidly access diversified material properties. In this Perspective, we lay out recent advances in utilizing appropriately designed polymers in a wide range of applications such as plastic recycling, water purification, and solar energy storage and conversion. With decoupled structural parameters, these studies have established various microstructure-function relationships. Given the progress outlined here, we envision that the microstructure-engineering strategy will accelerate the design and optimization of polymeric materials to meet sustainability criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhen Xue
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Mengxue Cao
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Charles Chen
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
| | - Mingjiang Zhong
- Department
of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, United States
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Serbezeanu D, Vlad-Bubulac T, Macsim AM, Bǎlan V. Design and Synthesis of Amphiphilic Graft Polyphosphazene Micelles for Docetaxel Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15051564. [PMID: 37242806 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The structural versatility of polydichlorophosphazene derived from the inestimable possibilities to functionalize the two halogens, attached to each phosphazene main chain unit, attracted increasing attention in the last decade. This uncountable chemical derivatization is doubled by the amphiphilic roleplay demonstrated by polyphosphazenes containing twofold side-chained hydrophilic and hydrophobic moieties. Thus, it is able to encapsulate specific bioactive molecules for various targeted nanomedicine applications. A new amphiphilic graft, polyphosphazenes (PPP/PEG-NH/Hys/MAB), was synthesized via the thermal ring-opening polymerization of hexachlorocyclotriphosphazene, followed by a subsequent two-step substitution reaction of chlorine atoms with hydrophilic methoxypolyethylene glycol amine/histamine dihydrochloride adduct (PEG-NH2)/(Hys) and hydrophobic methyl-p-aminobenzoate (MAB), respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and 1H and 31P-nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR) have been used to validate the expected architectural assembly of the copolymer. Docetaxel loaded micelles based on synthesized PPP/PEG-NH/Hys/MAB were designed by dialysis method. The micelles size was evaluated by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The drug release profiles from the PPP/PEG-NH/Hys/MAB micelles were established. In vitro cytotoxicity tests of PPP/PEG-NH/Hys/MAB micelles loaded with Docetaxel revealed that designed polymeric micelles exhibited an increased cytotoxic effect on MCF-7 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diana Serbezeanu
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Tǎchițǎ Vlad-Bubulac
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Ana-Maria Macsim
- "Petru Poni" Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41 A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Vera Bǎlan
- Faculty of Medical Bioengineering, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 9-13 Kogalniceanu Street, 700454 Iasi, Romania
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Lu D, Zou X, Li C. Advances in the application of named reactions in polymer synthesis. HIGH PERFORM POLYM 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/09540083221143691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
With the development of polymer science, more and more named reactions have been applied to synthesizing polymers. Introducing new reactions into polymer synthesis is undoubtedly an excellent expansion for monomer and polymer libraries. In this review, the named reactions employed in polymer-chain synthesis were divided into seven types: electrophilic reactions, nucleophilic reactions, transition metal-mediated cross-coupling reactions, free radical reactions, pericyclic reactions, multi-component reactions and rearrangement reactions. The discussion was mainly focused on the progress in the utilization of these named reactions in polymer synthesis, which could be a valuable reference for researchers in the polymer field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dawei Lu
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xudong Zou
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
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Angelopoulou PP, Moutsios I, Manesi GM, Ivanov DA, Sakellariou G, Avgeropoulos A. Designing high χ copolymer materials for nanotechnology applications: A systematic bulk vs. thin films approach. Prog Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.progpolymsci.2022.101625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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