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Zhang C, Cao B, Huang X, Gu J, Xia M, Yang X, Li H. Association between Serum Calcium and First Incident Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Cross-Sectional Study. IRANIAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 49:1278-1288. [PMID: 33083294 PMCID: PMC7548486 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v49i7.3581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: The role of serum calcium in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients with or without first incident acute myocardial infarction has not been studied previously. This study aimed to assess the relationship between serum calcium and first incident acute myocardial infarction. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted from Jan 2014 to Dec 2016. All the participants were from our database, described in detail elsewhere including 1609 cases and 3252 controls. Multiple logistic regression was carried out to explore the effect of serum calcium on first incident acute myocardial infarction. Interaction between serum calcium and risk factors were evaluated. Results: Patients with first incident acute myocardial infarction have significantly lower serum calcium concentrations than those without acute myocardial infarction (2.18 (0.21) vs 2.24 (0.19) mmol/L, P<0.0001). After adjusting for sex and age, logistic regression showed that serum calcium was significantly associated with first incident acute myocardial infarction (odds ratio (OR): 1.50, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.41–1.60). Further adjusted for potential confounders, serum calcium was associated with first incident acute myocardial infarction (OR: 1.32, 95% CI: 1.22–1.42). Moreover, the association still existed when patients were divided into subgroups according to gender and age. A significant interaction was found between serum calcium and diabetes mellitus (DM), lipoprotein (a) (Lp (a)), and serum albumin. Conclusion: Serum calcium was associated with first incident acute myocardial infarction among CAD patients in both sexes and in age categories. This study provides further evidence showing the value of serum calcium levels in clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Bangming Cao
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Xingmei Huang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Jian Gu
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Ming Xia
- Department of Cardiology, Zhejiang Hospital, Hangzhou 310013, China
| | - Xiangjun Yang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Hongxia Li
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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Majorek KA, Porebski PJ, Dayal A, Zimmerman MD, Jablonska K, Stewart AJ, Chruszcz M, Minor W. Structural and immunologic characterization of bovine, horse, and rabbit serum albumins. Mol Immunol 2012; 52:174-82. [PMID: 22677715 PMCID: PMC3401331 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2012.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 611] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2012] [Accepted: 05/14/2012] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Serum albumin (SA) is the most abundant plasma protein in mammals. SA is a multifunctional protein with extraordinary ligand binding capacity, making it a transporter molecule for a diverse range of metabolites, drugs, nutrients, metals and other molecules. Due to its ligand binding properties, albumins have wide clinical, pharmaceutical, and biochemical applications. Albumins are also allergenic, and exhibit a high degree of cross-reactivity due to significant sequence and structure similarity of SAs from different organisms. Here we present crystal structures of albumins from cattle (BSA), horse (ESA) and rabbit (RSA) sera. The structural data are correlated with the results of immunological studies of SAs. We also analyze the conservation or divergence of structures and sequences of SAs in the context of their potential allergenicity and cross-reactivity. In addition, we identified a previously uncharacterized ligand binding site in the structure of RSA, and calcium binding sites in the structure of BSA, which is the first serum albumin structure to contain metal ions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina A. Majorek
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA,Bioinformatics Laboratory, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Umultowska 98, 61-614 Poznan, Poland,New York Structural Genomics Research Consortium (NYSGRC), USA
| | - Przemyslaw J. Porebski
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Arjun Dayal
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Matthew D. Zimmerman
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA,New York Structural Genomics Research Consortium (NYSGRC), USA
| | - Kamila Jablonska
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - Alan J. Stewart
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews KY16 9TF, United Kingdom
| | - Maksymilian Chruszcz
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA,New York Structural Genomics Research Consortium (NYSGRC), USA,To whom correspondence may be addressed: Dept. of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Ave., Charlottesville, VA 22908. Tel.: 434-243-0033; Fax: 434-982-1616;
| | - Wladek Minor
- Department of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Avenue, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA,New York Structural Genomics Research Consortium (NYSGRC), USA,To whom correspondence may be addressed: Dept. of Molecular Physiology and Biological Physics, University of Virginia, 1340 Jefferson Park Ave., Charlottesville, VA 22908. Tel.: 434-243-6865; Fax: 434-982-1616;
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Abstract
The concentrations of various clinical-chemical substances in the capillary and venous blood serum of apparently healthy adults (20-30 yr) were examined in the fasting state. Total protein, bilirubin, calcium, sodium and chloride concentrations were significantly lower (less than or equal to 5%) in capillary than in venous serum. In non-hemolytic capillary sera, the concentration of potassium was nearly the same as in venous samples. Inorganic phosphorus and urea concentrations were identical in both specimens. There was a tendency for glucose concentrations to be higher in capillary than in venous serum. It is concluded that capillary and venous blood serum can be used interchangeably only for certain purposes. It should be emphasized that these results are valid for apparently healthy adults in the fasting state; other population samples remain to be investigated.
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Williamson BW, Strange RC, Percy-Robb IW. A constant-volume ultrafiltration technique for the calculation of equilbrium binding data. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA 1978; 543:397-402. [PMID: 708795 DOI: 10.1016/0304-4165(78)90057-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
A constant-volume ultrafiltration technique is described, and details of its assessment presented. The retention characteristics of two membranes were evaluated using molecules of known molecular weight. The technique is rapid, precise, economical of material and yields equilibrium data. In these respects, it compares favourably with conventional techniques such as equilibrium dialysis.
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