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Akbari Aghdam M, Romecín P, García-Estañ J, Atucha NM. Role of Nitric Oxide in the Altered Calcium Homeostasis of Platelets from Rats with Biliary Cirrhosis. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:10948. [PMID: 37446122 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241310948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Previously, we found that intracellular calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis is altered in platelets from an experimental model of liver cirrhosis, namely the bile-duct-ligated (BDL) rat. These alterations are compatible with the existence of a hypercoagulable state. OBJECTIVE In the present study, we analyzed the role of nitric oxide in the abnormal calcium signaling responses of an experimental cirrhosis model, the bile duct-ligated rat. METHODS Chronic treatment with L-NAME was used to inhibit NO production in a group of control and BDL animals, and the responses compared to those obtained in a control and BDL untreated group (n = 6 each). The experiments were conducted on isolated platelets loaded with fura-2, using fluorescence spectrometry. RESULTS Chronic treatment with L-NAME increased thrombin-induced Ca2+ release from internal stores in both control and BDL rats. However, the effect was significantly greater in the BDL rats (p < 0.05). Thrombin-induced calcium entry from the extracellular space was also elevated but at lower doses and, similarly in both control and BDL platelets, treated with the NO synthesis inhibitor. Capacitative calcium entry was also enhanced in the control platelets but not in platelets from BDL rats treated with L-NAME. Total calcium in intracellular stores was elevated in untreated platelets from BDL rats, and L-NAME pretreatment significantly (p < 0.05) elevated these values both in controls and in BDL but significantly more in the BDL rats (p < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that nitric oxide plays a role in the abnormal calcium signaling responses observed in platelets from BDL rats by interfering with the mechanism that releases calcium from the internal stores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masoud Akbari Aghdam
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Universidad de Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Paola Romecín
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Universidad de Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Joaquín García-Estañ
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Universidad de Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - Noemí M Atucha
- Departamento de Fisiología, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria, Universidad de Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
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Nassef NA. Quercetin improves platelet function and ultrastructure in cholestatic liver injury in rats: Role of ORAI1 gene expression. GENE REPORTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.genrep.2019.100485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Romecín P, Navarro EG, Ortiz MC, Iyú D, García-Estañ J, Atucha NM. Bile Acids Do Not Contribute to the Altered Calcium Homeostasis of Platelets from Rats with Biliary Cirrhosis. Front Physiol 2017. [PMID: 28638347 PMCID: PMC5461275 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previously, we have found that intracellular calcium homeostasis is altered in platelets from an experimental model of liver cirrhosis, the bile-duct ligated (BDL) rat; these alterations are compatible with the existence of a hypercoagulable state and related to an enhanced intracellular calcium release evoked by thrombin and an increased amount of calcium stored in the intracellular organelles. In the present study we have investigated the role of bile acids in those alterations of the BDL cirrhotic model. Cholic acid (CA) or deoxycholic acid (DCA) did not change P-selectin expression or platelet aggregation in any group but elevated baseline platelet calcium levels. Incubation with both bile acids reduced calcium release after stimulation with thrombin in the absence of extracellular calcium. Pretreatment with CA but not with DCA reduced significantly thrombin-induced calcium entry in all three experimental groups. The capacitative calcium entry was also significantly lower in platelets pretreated with both bile acids. The simultaneous addition of thapsigargin and ionomycin to estimate the total amount of calcium in platelet internal stores was decreased by pretreatment with both CA and DCA, although these changes were significantly different in the control rats only with CA and in the BDL platelets with DCA. These results indicate that CA and DCA reduce calcium movements in platelets of control and BDL animals, thus suggesting that bile acids do not participate in the alterations observed in the BDL cirrotic model.
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Romecín P, Atucha NM, Navarro EG, Ortiz MC, Iyú D, Rosado JA, García-Estañ J. Role of homocysteine and folic acid on the altered calcium homeostasis of platelets from rats with biliary cirrhosis. Platelets 2017; 28:698-705. [PMID: 28150525 DOI: 10.1080/09537104.2016.1265920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Previously, we have found that intracellular calcium homeostasis is altered in platelets from an experimental model of liver cirrhosis, the bile-duct ligated (BDL) rat; these alterations are compatible with the existence of a hypercoagulable state. Different studies indicate that cholestatic diseases are associated with hyperhomocysteinemia; thus, we hypothetized that it could contribute to those platelet alterations. In the present study, we have investigated the role of homocysteine (HCY) in platelet aggregation and calcium signaling in the BDL model. The effect of chronic folic acid treatment was also analyzed. Acute treatment with HCY increased the aggregation response to ADP and calcium responses to thrombin in platelets of control and BDL rats. Capacitative calcium entry was not altered by HCY. Chronic treatment with folic acid decreased platelet aggregation in control and BDL rats, but this decrease was greater in BDL rats. In folic acid-treated rats, thrombin-induced calcium entry and release were decreased in platelet of control rats but unaltered in BDL rats; however, capacitative calcium entry was decreased in platelets of control and BDL rats treated with folic acid. Reactive oxygen species were produced at higher levels by BDL platelets after stimulation with HCY or thrombin and folic acid normalized these responses. HCY plays a role in the enhanced platelet aggregation response of BDL rats, probably through an enhanced formation of ROS. Folic acid pretreatment normalizes many of the platelet alterations shown by BDL rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Romecín
- a Depto. Fisiología, Fac. Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) , Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Noemí M Atucha
- a Depto. Fisiología, Fac. Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) , Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Esther G Navarro
- a Depto. Fisiología, Fac. Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) , Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Clara Ortiz
- a Depto. Fisiología, Fac. Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) , Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - David Iyú
- a Depto. Fisiología, Fac. Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) , Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Juan Antonio Rosado
- b Depto. Fisiología, Fac. Veterinaria , Universidad de Extremadura , Cáceres, Spain
| | - Joaquín García-Estañ
- a Depto. Fisiología, Fac. Medicina, Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) , Universidad de Murcia, Murcia, Spain
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Berna-Erro A, Jardín I, Smani T, Rosado JA. Regulation of Platelet Function by Orai, STIM and TRP. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 2016; 898:157-81. [PMID: 27161229 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-26974-0_8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Agonist-induced changes in cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)]c) are central events in platelet physiology. A major mechanism supporting agonist-induced Ca(2+) signals is store-operated Ca(2+) entry (SOCE), where the Ca(2+) sensor STIM1 and the channels of the Orai family, as well as TRPC members are the key elements. STIM1-dependent SOCE plays a major role in collagen-stimulated Ca(2+) signaling, phosphatidylserine exposure and thrombin generation. Furthermore, studies involving Orai1 gain-of-function mutants and platelets from Orai1-deficient mice have revealed the importance of this channel in thrombosis and hemostasis to those found in STIM1-deficient mice indicating that SOCE might play a prominent role in thrombus formation. Moreover, increase in TRPC6 expression might lead to thrombosis in humans. The role of STIM1, Orai1 and TRPCs, and thus SOCE, in thrombus formation, suggests that therapies directed against SOCE and targeting these molecules during cardiovascular and cerebrovascular events could significantly improve traditional anti-thrombotic treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Berna-Erro
- Laboratory of Molecular Physiology and Channelopathies, Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, 08003, Spain
| | - Isaac Jardín
- Department of Physiology (Cell Physiology Research Group), University of Extremadura, Cáceres, 10003, Spain
| | - Tarik Smani
- Department of Medical Physiology and Biophysic, Institute of Biomedicine of Seville (IBiS), University Hospital of Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/University of Seville, Sevilla, 41013, Spain
| | - Juan A Rosado
- Departamento de Fisiología, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain.
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Sage SO, Pugh N, Mason MJ, Harper AGS. Monitoring the intracellular store Ca2+ concentration in agonist-stimulated, intact human platelets by using Fluo-5N. J Thromb Haemost 2011; 9:540-51. [PMID: 21143372 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2010.04159.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most Ca(2+) signaling research in platelets has relied solely on monitoring the cytosolic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](cyt)). Changes in [Ca(2+)](cyt) constitute the net effect of Ca(2+) fluxes into the cytosol across the plasma membrane (PM) and from intracellular stores, and Ca(2+) sequestration into the stores and Ca(2+) removal across the PM. This makes interpretation of the effects of pharmacologic or genetic interventions on Ca(2+) signaling difficult and subject to error. OBJECTIVES To validate the use of the low-affinity Ca(2+) indicator Fluo-5N to monitor the concentration of Ca(2+) in the intracellular stores ([Ca(2+)](st)) of human platelets as a first step in developing assays for a systems-level analysis of platelet Ca(2+) signaling. METHODS Fluo-5N-loaded and Fura-2-loaded human platelets were used to observe the effects of agonist stimulation and other manipulations on [Ca(2+)](cyt) and [Ca(2+)](st). RESULTS Fluo-5N fluorescence changed appropriately in response to compounds that induce passive depletion of intracellular Ca(2+) stores and to physiologic agonists. Ca(2+) reuptake inhibitors and blockers of Ca(2+) release channels had the expected effects on Fura-2 and Fluo-5N fluorescence. Agonist-evoked Ca(2+) release was reversed by Ca(2+) addition to the medium, and required intact Ca(2+) reuptake mechanisms. Store refilling was observed in the presence of sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+) -ATPase (SERCA) inhibitors and ionomycin, suggesting the presence of a non-SERCA Ca(2+) reuptake mechanism. Evidence for a role for Ca(2+) -induced Ca(2+) release in agonist-evoked responses was obtained. CONCLUSIONS Our data provide a validation of the use of Fluo-5N as a method for monitoring changes in [Ca(2+)](st) in human platelets.
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Affiliation(s)
- S O Sage
- Department of Physiology, Development and Neuroscience, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
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Witters P, Hoylaerts M, Freson K, de Vos R, van Pelt J, Nevens F, van Geet C, Cassiman D. ADP-degrading enzymes inhibit platelet activation in bile duct-ligated rats. J Thromb Haemost 2010; 8:360-8. [PMID: 19895672 DOI: 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2009.03684.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of cholestatic liver disease on primary hemostasis function remains ill-defined. OBJECTIVES To determine platelet function and identify the mechanisms involved in the observed platelet function in cholestatic rats. METHODS Platelet function was studied in a model of 2-week bile duct ligation and compared to that in sham-operated rats with and without a storage pool defect. RESULTS ADP-induced and collagen-induced platelet aggregation were clearly impaired following bile duct ligation (P<0.01 for areas under the curve). Crossover experiments, with sham platelets in bile duct-ligated plasma and vice versa, demonstrated that this is due to inhibition by a plasmatic factor, as sham platelets aggregated less in cholestatic plasma (P<0.03) and to an equal extent as platelets from bile duct-ligated rats when they were in the same sham or cholestatic plasma. Moreover, in bile duct-ligated rats, platelet ultrastructure was unaffected and platelet aggregation was similar to that of sham platelets when resuspended in the same plasma (P-value not significant). Additionally, studies in storage pool-deficient rats showed no role of platelet exhaustion. The plasmatic factor causing impaired aggregation was shown to be increased total activity of ADP-degrading enzymes upon bile duct ligation (P<0.01), as there was no decreased aggregation with a stable ADP analog in bile duct-ligated rats (P-value not significant vs. sham-operated rats). Furthermore, preincubation of plasma from bile duct-ligated rats with ADP decreased aggregation more than was seen with sham plasma (P<0.01). CONCLUSIONS Bile duct ligation does not affect intrinsic platelet function, but impairs platelet activation via release of ADP-degrading enzymes in the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Witters
- Liver Research Facility, Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Department of Pathology, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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Witters P, Freson K, Verslype C, Peerlinck K, Hoylaerts M, Nevens F, Van Geet C, Cassiman D. Review article: blood platelet number and function in chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2008; 27:1017-29. [PMID: 18331464 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2036.2008.03674.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The liver plays a central role in coagulation and fibrinolysis but is also closely intertwined with the function and number of blood platelets. AIM To describe and integrate all literature concerning blood platelets and liver disease by performing a thorough literature research. METHODS A thorough literature research on 'blood platelets' and 'liver disease' was performed. RESULTS Thrombocytopenia is a marked feature of chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Traditionally, this thrombocytopenia was attributed to passive platelet sequestration in the spleen. More recent insights suggest an increased platelet breakdown and to a lesser extent decreased platelet production plays a more important role. Besides the reduction in number, other studies suggest functional platelet defects. This platelet dysfunction is probably both intrinsic to the platelets and secondary to soluble plasma factors. It reflects not only a decrease in aggregability, but also an activation of the intrinsic inhibitory pathways. The net effect, finally, is a decreased platelet function in the various types of chronic liver diseases and cirrhosis. Finally, recent data suggest that platelets are not only affected by but can also contribute to the liver disease process, as for instance, in viral hepatitis and cholestatic liver disease. CONCLUSION Platelet research in liver disease is a growing area of investigation and could provide new pathophysiological insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Witters
- Laboratory of Hepatology, Department of Pediatrics, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
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