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Parra J, Calvache C, Alzamendi G, Ibarra E, Soláque L, Peterson SD, Zañartu M. Asymmetric triangular body-cover model of the VFs with bilateral intrinsic muscle activation. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.03.18.585590. [PMID: 38562893 PMCID: PMC10983898 DOI: 10.1101/2024.03.18.585590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024]
Abstract
Many voice disorders are linked to imbalanced muscle activity and known to exhibit asymmetric vocal fold vibration. However, the relation between imbalanced muscle activation and asymmetric vocal fold vibration is not well understood. This study introduces an asymmetric triangular body-cover model of the vocal folds, controlled by the activation of intrinsic laryngeal muscles, to investigate the effects of muscle imbalance on vocal fold oscillation. Various scenarios were considered, encompassing imbalance in individual muscles and muscle pairs, as well as accounting for asymmetry in lumped element parameters. The results highlight the antagonistic effect between the thyroarytenoid and cricothyroid muscles on the elastic and mass components of the vocal folds, as well as the impact on the vocal process from the imbalance in the lateral cricoarytenoid and interarytenoid adductor muscles. Measurements of amplitude and phase asymmetry were employed to emulate the oscillatory behavior of two pathological cases: unilateral paralysis and muscle tension dysphonia. The resulting simulations exhibit muscle imbalance consistent with expectations in the composition of these voice disorders, yielding asymmetries exceeding 30% for paralysis and below 5% for dysphonia. This underscores the versatility of muscle imbalance in representing phonatory scenarios and its potential for characterizing asymmetry in vocal fold vibration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Parra
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Carlos Calvache
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Universidad Militar, Bogotá, Colombia
- Department Communication Sciences and Disorders, Corporación Universitaria Iberoamericana, Bogotá, Colombia
- Vocology Center, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Gabriel Alzamendi
- Institute for Research and Development on Bioengineering and Bioinformatics (IBB), CONICET-UNER, Oro Verde, Entre Ríos 3100, Argentina
- Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos, Entre Ríos, Argentina
| | - Emiro Ibarra
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Leonardo Soláque
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Universidad Militar, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Sean D Peterson
- Department of Mechanical and Mechatronics Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada
| | - Matías Zañartu
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Universidad Técnica Federico Santa Maria, Valparaíso, Chile
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Aichinger P, Kumar SP, Lehoux S, Švec JG. Simulated Laryngeal High-Speed Videos for the Study of Normal and Dysphonic Vocal Fold Vibration. JOURNAL OF SPEECH, LANGUAGE, AND HEARING RESEARCH : JSLHR 2022; 65:2431-2445. [PMID: 35772399 DOI: 10.1044/2022_jslhr-21-00673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy (LHSV) has been recognized as a highly valuable modality for the scientific investigations of vocal fold (VF) vibrations. In contrast to stroboscopic imaging, LHSV enables visualizing aperiodic VF vibrations. However, the technique is less well established in the clinical care of disordered voices, partly because the properties of aperiodic vibration patterns are not yet described comprehensively. To address this, a computer model for simulation of VF vibration patterns observed in a variety of different phonation types is proposed. METHOD A previously published kinematic model of mucosal wave phenomena is generalized to be capable of left-right asymmetry and to simulate endoscopic videos instead of only kymograms of VF vibrations at single sagittal positions. The most influential control parameters are the glottal halfwidths, the oscillation frequencies, the amplitudes, and the phase delays. RESULTS The presented videos demonstrate zipper-like vibration, pressed voice, voice onset, constant and time-varying left-right and anterior-posterior phase differences, as well as left-right frequency differences of the VF vibration. Video frames, videokymograms, phonovibrograms, glottal area waveforms, and waveforms of VF contact area relating to electroglottograms are shown, as well as selected kinematic parameters. CONCLUSION The presented videos demonstrate the ability to produce vibration patterns that are similar to those typically seen in endoscopic videos obtained from vocally healthy and dysphonic speakers. SUPPLEMENTAL MATERIAL https://doi.org/10.23641/asha.20151833.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Aichinger
- Division of Phoniatrics-Logopedics, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
| | - S Pravin Kumar
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Sri Sivasubramaniya Nadar College of Engineering, Chennai, India
| | - Sarah Lehoux
- Voice Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan G Švec
- Voice Research Laboratory, Department of Experimental Physics, Faculty of Science, Palacký University, Olomouc, Czech Republic
- Voice and Hearing Centre Prague, Medical Healthcom, Ltd., Czech Republic
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Azar SS, Pillutla P, Evans LK, Zhang Z, Kreiman J, Chhetri DK. Perceptual Evaluation of Vocal Fold Vibratory Asymmetry. Laryngoscope 2021; 131:2740-2746. [PMID: 34106487 DOI: 10.1002/lary.29679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 05/23/2021] [Accepted: 06/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Laryngeal vibratory asymmetry occurring with paresis may result in a perceptually normal or abnormal voice. The present study aims to determine the relationships between the degree of vibratory asymmetry, acoustic measures, and perception of sound stimuli. STUDY DESIGN Animal Model of Voice Production, Perceptual Analysis of Voice. METHODS In an in vivo canine model of phonation, symmetric and asymmetric laryngeal vibration were obtained via graded unilateral recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) stimulation simulating near paralysis to full activation. Phonation was performed at various contralateral RLN and bilateral superior laryngeal nerve stimulation levels. Naïve listeners rated the perceptual quality of 182 unique phonatory samples using a visual sort-and-rate task. Cepstral peak prominence (CPP) was calculated for each phonatory condition. The relationships among vibratory symmetry, CPP, and perceptual ratings were evaluated. RESULTS A significant relationship emerged between RLN stimulation and perceptual rating, such that sound samples from low RLN levels were preferred to those from high RLN levels. When symmetric vibration was achieved at mid-RLN stimulation, listeners preferred samples from symmetric vibration over those from asymmetric vibration. However, when symmetry was achieved at high RLN levels, a strained voice quality resulted that listeners dispreferred over asymmetric conditions at lower RLN levels. CPP did not have a linear relationship with perceptual ratings. CONCLUSIONS Laryngeal vibratory asymmetry produces variable perceptual differences in phonatory sound quality. Though CPP has been correlated with dysphonia in previous research, its complex relationship with quality limits its usefulness as clinical marker of voice quality perception. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA, basic science Laryngoscope, 2021.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaghauyegh S Azar
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Pranati Pillutla
- School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas, U.S.A
| | - Lauran K Evans
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Zhaoyan Zhang
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Jody Kreiman
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
| | - Dinesh K Chhetri
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, U.S.A
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Falk S, Kniesburges S, Schoder S, Jakubaß B, Maurerlehner P, Echternach M, Kaltenbacher M, Döllinger M. 3D-FV-FE Aeroacoustic Larynx Model for Investigation of Functional Based Voice Disorders. Front Physiol 2021; 12:616985. [PMID: 33762964 PMCID: PMC7982522 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.616985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
For the clinical analysis of underlying mechanisms of voice disorders, we developed a numerical aeroacoustic larynx model, called simVoice, that mimics commonly observed functional laryngeal disorders as glottal insufficiency and vibrational left-right asymmetries. The model is a combination of the Finite Volume (FV) CFD solver Star-CCM+ and the Finite Element (FE) aeroacoustic solver CFS++. simVoice models turbulence using Large Eddy Simulations (LES) and the acoustic wave propagation with the perturbed convective wave equation (PCWE). Its geometry corresponds to a simplified larynx and a vocal tract model representing the vowel /a/. The oscillations of the vocal folds are externally driven. In total, 10 configurations with different degrees of functional-based disorders were simulated and analyzed. The energy transfer between the glottal airflow and the vocal folds decreases with an increasing glottal insufficiency and potentially reflects the higher effort during speech for patients being concerned. This loss of energy transfer may also have an essential influence on the quality of the sound signal as expressed by decreasing sound pressure level (SPL), Cepstral Peak Prominence (CPP), and Vocal Efficiency (VE). Asymmetry in the vocal fold oscillations also reduces the quality of the sound signal. However, simVoice confirmed previous clinical and experimental observations that a high level of glottal insufficiency worsens the acoustic signal quality more than oscillatory left-right asymmetry. Both symptoms in combination will further reduce the quality of the sound signal. In summary, simVoice allows for detailed analysis of the origins of disordered voice production and hence fosters the further understanding of laryngeal physiology, including occurring dependencies. A current walltime of 10 h/cycle is, with a prospective increase in computing power, auspicious for a future clinical use of simVoice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Falk
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Kniesburges
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Schoder
- Institute of Fundamentals and Theory in Electrical Engineering, Division Vibro- and Aeroacoustics, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Bernhard Jakubaß
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Paul Maurerlehner
- Institute of Fundamentals and Theory in Electrical Engineering, Division Vibro- and Aeroacoustics, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Matthias Echternach
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Munich University Hospital (LMU), Munich, Germany
| | - Manfred Kaltenbacher
- Institute of Fundamentals and Theory in Electrical Engineering, Division Vibro- and Aeroacoustics, Graz University of Technology, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Döllinger
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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Calvache C, Solaque L, Velasco A, Peñuela L. Biomechanical Models to Represent Vocal Physiology: A Systematic Review. J Voice 2021; 37:465.e1-465.e18. [PMID: 33678534 DOI: 10.1016/j.jvoice.2021.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Biomechanical modeling allows obtaining information on physical phenomena that cannot be directly observed. This study aims to review models that represent voice production. A systematic review of the literature was conducted using PubMed/Medline, SCOPUS, and IEEE Xplore databases. To select the papers, we used the protocol PRISMA Statement. A total of 53 publications were included in this review. This article considers a taxonomic classification of models found in the literature. We propose four categories in the taxonomy: (1) Models representing the Source (Vocal folds); (2) Models representing the Filter (Vocal Tract); (3) Models representing the Source - Filter Interaction; and (4) Models representing the Airflow - Source Interaction. We include a bibliographic analysis with the evolution of the publications per category. We provide an analysis of the number as well of publications in journals per year. Moreover, we present an analysis of the term occurrence and its frequency of usage, as found in the literature. In each category, different types of vocal production models are mentioned and analyzed. The models account for the analysis of evidence about aerodynamic, biomechanical, and acoustic phenomena and their correlation with the physiological processes involved in the production of the human voice. This review gives an insight into the state of the art related to the mathematical modeling of voice production, analyzed from the viewpoint of vocal physiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Calvache
- Vocology Center, Bogotá, Colombia; Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia.
| | - Leonardo Solaque
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Alexandra Velasco
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia
| | - Lina Peñuela
- Department of Mechatronics Engineering, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Bogotá, Colombia
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Impact of Subharmonic and Aperiodic Laryngeal Dynamics on the Phonatory Process Analyzed in Ex Vivo Rabbit Models. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2019; 9. [PMID: 33815832 PMCID: PMC8018220 DOI: 10.3390/app9091963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Normal voice is characterized by periodic oscillations of the vocal folds. On the other hand, disordered voice dynamics (e.g., subharmonic and aperiodic oscillations) are often associated with voice pathologies and dysphonia. Unfortunately, not all investigations may be conducted on human subjects; hence animal laryngeal studies have been performed for many years to better understand human phonation. The rabbit larynx has been shown to be a potential model of the human larynx. Despite this fact, only a few studies regarding the phonatory parameters of rabbit larynges have been performed. Further, to the best of our knowledge, no ex vivo study has systematically investigated phonatory parameters from high-speed, audio and subglottal pressure data with irregular oscillations. To remedy this, the present study analyzes experiments with sustained phonation in 11 ex vivo rabbit larynges for 51 conditions of disordered vocal fold dynamics. (1) The results of this study support previous findings on non-disordered data, that the stronger the glottal closure insufficiency is during phonation, the worse the phonatory characteristics are; (2) aperiodic oscillations showed worse phonatory results than subharmonic oscillations; (3) in the presence of both types of irregular vibrations, the voice quality (i.e., cepstral peak prominence) of the audio and subglottal signal greatly deteriorated compared to normal/periodic vibrations. In summary, our results suggest that the presence of both types of irregular vibration have a major impact on voice quality and should be considered along with glottal closure measures in medical diagnosis and treatment.
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Influence of spatial camera resolution in high-speed videoendoscopy on laryngeal parameters. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0215168. [PMID: 31009488 PMCID: PMC6476512 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
In laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy (HSV) the area between the vibrating vocal folds during phonation is of interest, being referred to as glottal area waveform (GAW). Varying camera resolution may influence parameters computed on the GAW and hence hinder the comparability between examinations. This study investigates the influence of spatial camera resolution on quantitative vocal fold vibratory function parameters obtained from the GAW. In total 40 HSV recordings during sustained phonation (20 healthy males and 20 healthy females) were investigated. A clinically used Photron Fastcam MC2 camera with a frame rate of 4000 fps and a spatial resolution of 512×256 pixels was applied. This initial resolution was reduced by pixel averaging to (1) a resolution of 256×128 and (2) to a resolution of 128×64 pixels, yielding three sets of recordings. The GAW was extracted and in total 50 vocal fold vibratory parameters representing different features of the GAW were computed. Statistical analyses using SPSS Statistics, version 21, was performed. 15 Parameters showing strong mathematical dependencies with other parameters were excluded from the main analysis but are given in the Supporting Information. Data analysis revealed clear influence of spatial resolution on GAW parameters. Fundamental period measures and period perturbation measures were the least affected. Amplitude perturbation measures and mechanical measures were most strongly influenced. Most glottal dynamic characteristics and symmetry measures deviated significantly. Most energy perturbation measures changed significantly in males but were mostly unaffected in females. In females 18 of 35 remaining parameters (51%) and in males 22 parameters (63%) changed significantly between spatial resolutions. This work represents the first step in studying the impact of video resolution on quantitative HSV parameters. Clear influences of spatial camera resolution on computed parameters were found. The study results suggest avoiding the use of the most strongly affected parameters. Further, the use of cameras with high resolution is recommended to analyze GAW measures in HSV data.
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Samlan RA, Kunduk M, Ikuma T, Black M, Lane C. Vocal Fold Vibration in Older Adults With and Without Age-Related Dysphonia. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPEECH-LANGUAGE PATHOLOGY 2018; 27:1039-1050. [PMID: 29931255 DOI: 10.1044/2018_ajslp-17-0061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE The purpose of this study was to identify the extent to which 7 measures of glottal area timing and regularity differ between older adults with and without age-related dysphonia (ARD). METHOD Laryngeal high-speed videoendoscopy was completed at 4,000 frames per second for 42 adults aged 70 years and older (ARD: 9 female, 5 male; control group: 15 female, 13 male). Relative glottal gap, open quotient, speed index, maximum area declination rate, harmonics-to-noise ratio, harmonic richness factor, and standard deviation of fundamental frequency were measured from a 0.5-s segment of the glottal area waveform. Eta squared (η2) was computed to estimate group effect. RESULTS Small effect sizes (η2 = .18-.35) were present for relative glottal gap, open quotient, maximum area declination rate, harmonic richness factor, and standard deviation of fundamental frequency. Speed index and glottal harmonics-to-noise ratio did not explain group membership (η2 = .001 and .05, respectively). CONCLUSION These findings provide evidence that vocal fold vibration in ARD is different than in normal aging, whereas the overlap in values for every measure is consistent with the concept that normal aging and ARD exist as a continuum of health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robin A Samlan
- Department of Speech, Language, & Hearing Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Melda Kunduk
- Department of Communication Sciences & Disorders, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge
| | - Takeshi Ikuma
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans
| | - Mindy Black
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson
| | - Christianne Lane
- Division of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles
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Döllinger M, Kniesburges S, Berry DA, Birk V, Wendler O, Dürr S, Alexiou C, Schützenberger A. Investigation of phonatory characteristics using ex vivo rabbit larynges. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2018; 144:142. [PMID: 30075689 PMCID: PMC6037535 DOI: 10.1121/1.5043384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Quantitative analysis of phonatory characteristics of rabbits has been widely neglected. However, preliminary studies established the rabbit larynx as a potential model of human phonation. This study reports quantitative data on phonation using ex vivo rabbit larynx models to achieve more insight into dependencies of three main components of the phonation process, including airflow, vocal fold dynamics, and the acoustic output. Sustained phonation was induced in 11 ex vivo rabbit larynges. For 414 phonatory conditions, vocal fold vibrations, acoustic, and aerodynamic parameters were analyzed as functions of longitudinal vocal fold pre-stress, applied air flow, and glottal closure insufficiency. Dimensions of the vocal folds were measured and histological data were analyzed. Glottal closure characteristics improved for increasing longitudinal pre-stress and applied airflow. For the subglottal pressure signal only the cepstral peak prominence showed dependency on glottal closure. In contrast, vibrational, acoustic, and aerodynamic parameters were found to be highly dependent on the degree of glottal closure: The more complete the glottal closure during phonation, the better the aerodynamic and acoustic characteristics. Hence, complete or at least partial glottal closure appears to enhance acoustic signal quality. Finally, results validate the ex vivo rabbit larynx as an effective model for analyzing the phonatory process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Döllinger
- Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstrasse 1, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Stefan Kniesburges
- Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstrasse 1, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - David A Berry
- Laryngeal Dynamics Laboratory, Division of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 1000 Veteran Avenue, 31-24 Rehab Center, Los Angeles, California 90095-1794, USA
| | - Veronika Birk
- Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstrasse 1, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Olaf Wendler
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstrasse 1, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Stephan Dürr
- Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstrasse 1, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- Section of Experimental Oncology and Nanomedicine (SEON), Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Glückstrasse 10a, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
| | - Anne Schützenberger
- Division for Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Medical School, FAU Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstrasse 1, Erlangen, 91054, Germany
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Birk V, Kniesburges S, Semmler M, Berry DA, Bohr C, Döllinger M, Schützenberger A. Influence of glottal closure on the phonatory process in ex vivo porcine larynges. THE JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA 2017; 142:2197. [PMID: 29092569 PMCID: PMC6909995 DOI: 10.1121/1.5007952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Many cases of disturbed voice signals can be attributed to incomplete glottal closure, vocal fold oscillation asymmetries, and aperiodicity. Often these phenomena occur simultaneously and interact with each other, making a systematic, isolated investigation challenging. Therefore, ex vivo porcine experiments were performed which enable direct control of glottal configurations. Different pre-phonatory glottal gap sizes, adduction levels, and flow rates were adjusted. The resulting glottal closure types were identified in a post-processing step. Finally, the acoustic quality, aerodynamic parameters, and the characteristics of vocal fold oscillation were analyzed in reference to the glottal closure types. Results show that complete glottal closure stabilizes the phonation process indicated through a reduced left-right phase asymmetry, increased amplitude and time periodicity, and an increase in the acoustic quality. Although asymmetry and periodicity parameter variation covers only a small range of absolute values, these small variations have a remarkable influence on the acoustic quality. Due to the fact that these parameters cannot be influenced directly, the authors suggest that the (surgical) reduction of the glottal gap seems to be a promising method to stabilize the phonatory process, which has to be confirmed in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronika Birk
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Medical School at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstr. 1, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Kniesburges
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Medical School at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstr. 1, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Marion Semmler
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Medical School at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstr. 1, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - David A Berry
- Laryngeal Dynamics Laboratory, Division of Head and Neck Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 Le Conte Avenue, Los Angeles, California 90095-1624, USA
| | - Christopher Bohr
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Medical School at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstr. 1, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Michael Döllinger
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Medical School at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstr. 1, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Anne Schützenberger
- Division of Phoniatrics and Pediatric Audiology at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Erlangen, Medical School at Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Waldstr. 1, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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