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Almohamad Z, Fahmy R, Farag A, Abdellatif A, Mossallem W, Abdallah AA, Abass M. Innovative approach: utilizing silver nanoparticles sheet for improved rabbit cecal anastomosis healing. Front Vet Sci 2024; 11:1264414. [PMID: 38468695 PMCID: PMC10925632 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2024.1264414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Anastomotic leakage is a severe complication associated with gastrointestinal surgery. The process of intestinal wound healing is crucial for the successful outcome of digestive tract surgical repair procedures. This research aimed to determine the impact of silver nanoparticles sheet (Acticoat) on the anastomotic healing of the cecum in rabbits. Methods A total of 48 New Zealand male rabbits in good health were used for cecum transection and anastomosis. The animals were randomized into the control group (C) and the silver nanoparticles group (AgNPs). In the C group, the transected cecum was end-to-end anastomosed with a single layer of simple continuous suture pattern using 3-0 polyglyconate. In contrast, a silver nanoparticle sheet (Acticoat) was covered around the sutured anastomotic line in the AgNPs group. Postoperatively, abdominal ultrasound imaging and the Bristol Rabbit Pain Score (BRPS) were measured on days 7, 15, and 30. Eight rabbits from each group were euthanized at each time point to assess macroscopic findings, bursting pressure tests, tensile strength tests, histopathological examinations, and immunohistochemical analyses. Results The AgNPs group demonstrated a significant increase in the cecal lumen diameter wall (p ≤ 0.001), burst pressure measurement (p ≤ 0.02), and tensile strength (p ≤ 0.01). Conversely, the AgNPs group had significantly lower BRPS scores (p ≤ 0.01). In addition, histopathological examinations revealed that AgNPs significantly reduced inflammatory cell infiltration (neutrophils and macrophages) and enhanced collagen deposition. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed a significant increase (p ≤ 0.01) of α-SMA and a reduction of CD31 in the anastomotic tissue of the AgNPs group. Discussion The results of the present study indicate that the utilization of the AgNPs sheet (Acticoat®) effectively enhanced the strength of cecum anastomosis, resulting in a reduction in anastomosis leakages, pain scores, and abdominal adhesions. Additionally, the bursting pressure values in the rabbit model were significantly increased.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zakriya Almohamad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, Al Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Reham Fahmy
- Veterinary Surgery, Oncology Centre, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Amany Farag
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdellatif
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Wael Mossallem
- Veterinary Clinical Supervisor, Al-Raha Veterinary Clinic, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Abdelnaser A. Abdallah
- Department of Internal Medicine and Infectious Disease, Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Marwa Abass
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Sekita A, Unterweger H, Berg S, Ohlmeyer S, Bäuerle T, Zheng KH, Coolen BF, Nederveen AJ, Cabella C, Rossi S, Stroes ESG, Alexiou C, Lyer S, Cicha I. Accumulation of Iron Oxide-Based Contrast Agents in Rabbit Atherosclerotic Plaques in Relation to Plaque Age and Vulnerability Features. Int J Nanomedicine 2024; 19:1645-1666. [PMID: 38406599 PMCID: PMC10893894 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s430693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose In this study, a detailed characterization of a rabbit model of atherosclerosis was performed to assess the optimal time frame for evaluating plaque vulnerability using superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticle (SPION)-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods The progression of atherosclerosis induced by ballooning and a high-cholesterol diet was monitored using angiography, and the resulting plaques were characterized using immunohistochemistry and histology. Morphometric analyses were performed to evaluate plaque size and vulnerability features. The accumulation of SPIONs (novel dextran-coated SPIONDex and ferumoxytol) in atherosclerotic plaques was investigated by histology and MRI and correlated with plaque age and vulnerability. Toxicity of SPIONDex was evaluated in rats. Results Weak positive correlations were detected between plaque age and intima thickness, and total macrophage load. A strong negative correlation was observed between the minimum fibrous cap thickness and plaque age as well as the mean macrophage load. The accumulation of SPION in the atherosclerotic plaques was detected by MRI 24 h after administration and was subsequently confirmed by Prussian blue staining of histological specimens. Positive correlations between Prussian blue signal in atherosclerotic plaques, plaque age, and macrophage load were detected. Very little iron was observed in the histological sections of the heart and kidney, whereas strong staining of SPIONDex and ferumoxytol was detected in the spleen and liver. In contrast to ferumoxytol, SPIONDex administration in rabbits was well tolerated without inducing hypersensitivity. The maximum tolerated dose in rat model was higher than 100 mg Fe/kg. Conclusion Older atherosclerotic plaques with vulnerable features in rabbits are a useful tool for investigating iron oxide-based contrast agents for MRI. Based on the experimental data, SPIONDex particles constitute a promising candidate for further clinical translation as a safe formulation that offers the possibility of repeated administration free from the risks associated with other types of magnetic contrast agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Sekita
- ENT-Department, Section of Experimental Oncology Und Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Harald Unterweger
- ENT-Department, Section of Experimental Oncology Und Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sonja Berg
- ENT-Department, Section of Experimental Oncology Und Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sabine Ohlmeyer
- Institute of Radiology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tobias Bäuerle
- Preclinical Imaging Platform Erlangen (PIPE), Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Kang H Zheng
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Bram F Coolen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering and Physics, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Aart J Nederveen
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Claudia Cabella
- Bracco Imaging SpA, Centro Ricerche Bracco, Colleretto Giacosa, Turin, Italy
| | - Silvia Rossi
- Bracco Imaging SpA, Centro Ricerche Bracco, Colleretto Giacosa, Turin, Italy
| | - Erik S G Stroes
- Department of Vascular Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Christoph Alexiou
- ENT-Department, Section of Experimental Oncology Und Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Stefan Lyer
- ENT-Department, Section of Experimental Oncology Und Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Iwona Cicha
- ENT-Department, Section of Experimental Oncology Und Nanomedicine (SEON), Else Kröner-Fresenius-Stiftung-Professorship, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
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Bisharat DR, Johnson J, Mühl-Benninghaus R, Tomori T, Lago J, Virmani R, Reith W, Simgen A. Evaluation of a novel polymer coil for endovascular occlusion of intracranial aneurysms in a rabbit model. Neuroradiol J 2024; 37:31-38. [PMID: 37586720 PMCID: PMC10863565 DOI: 10.1177/19714009231196474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The results of the preclinical study of a novel polymer coil in treatment of elastase induced aneurysms will be presented in this paper. MATERIAL AND METHODS We induced 16 aneurysms in 16 New Zealand white rabbits at the origin of the right common carotid artery at the brachiocephalic trunk. Newly developed polymer coils in both groups for six aneurysms each and platinum coils for two aneurysms each were used. Control angiographies followed in both groups immediately after coiling as well as in the first eight animals 30 days after intervention (30 days group) and in the other eight animals 90 days after (90 days group). An explanation and histological evaluation of the treated aneurysms followed. RESULTS The 12 animals in which the aneurysms were treated with polymer coils showed a complete occlusion (grade IV) in only 6 out of 12 aneurysms (50%), an almost complete occlusion (grade III) in 5 out of 12 (42%) and an incomplete occlusion in the treatment of one aneurysm (8%). Histologically, we observed a significantly more pronounced inflammatory response and neoangiogenesis in aneurysms treated with polymer coils only in the 30 days group. CONCLUSION Most difficulties and concerns with the polymer coils were related to the flexibility and detachment behaviour. Therefore, and due to the technical challenges of delivery, the novel polymer coil cannot be considered an alternative to the current platinum coils.
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Affiliation(s)
- David-R Bisharat
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology of the Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Jed Johnson
- Nanofiber Solutions Inc., Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Ruben Mühl-Benninghaus
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology of the Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Toshiki Tomori
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology of the Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - James Lago
- Phenox German Engineering GmbH, Bochum, Germany
| | - Renu Virmani
- CVPath Institute Inc., Gaithersburg, Maryland, USA
| | - Wolfgang Reith
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology of the Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
| | - Andreas Simgen
- Clinic for Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology of the Saarland University Hospital, Homburg, Germany
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Pinto I, Kostretzis L, Katakalos K, Kazakos G, Cheva A, Chatzisotiriou A, Papadopoulos P, Ditsios K. Repair of chronic and large rotator cuff tears using extra-synovial autografts: An experimental study in rabbits. J Exp Orthop 2024; 11:e12010. [PMID: 38455456 PMCID: PMC10900185 DOI: 10.1002/jeo2.12010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose To investigate whether and how extra-synovial autografts can enhance the reconstruction of chronic and large rotator cuff tears in a rabbit subscapularis model. Methods Twenty rabbits were used to create a large subscapularis tear bilaterally. Six weeks later, the right shoulder of each rabbit was operated to repair the tear with an extra-synovial autograft, whereas the left shoulder did not undergo any surgery. At 6 and 12 weeks after the second procedure, the specimens underwent biomechanical and histological evaluation. Six more rabbits were used only as a normal reference. Results Biomechanical evaluation demonstrated that the ultimate load to failure of the Graft group (184.1 ± 35.7 N) was significantly higher (p = 0.04) than that of the Defect group (144.5 ± 32.2 N) at 12 weeks after repair, rising to 76% of the normal subscapularis tendon tensile strength. Histological analysis revealed an enhanced healing environment with neoangiogenesis and decreased inflammatory response at the repair site. Moreover, the tendon maturing score of the Graft group increased substantially from 6 (15.8 ± 0.9) to 12 (23.1 ± 0.6) weeks after repair (p = 0.01). Conclusion In vivo data support the efficacy of extra-synovial autograft interposition in repairing chronic and large rotator cuff tears in a rabbit subscapularis model. The autografts were capable of enhancing the biomechanical properties of the repaired tendons, as evidenced by increased tensile strength, and forming new connective tissue simulating a fibrocartilage zone, as revealed by histological evaluation. Level of Evidence N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iosafat Pinto
- 2nd Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University of ThessalonikiGeneral Hospital of Thessaloniki “G.Gennimatas”ThessalonikiGreece
| | - Lazaros Kostretzis
- 2nd Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University of ThessalonikiGeneral Hospital of Thessaloniki “G.Gennimatas”ThessalonikiGreece
| | - Konstantinos Katakalos
- Laboratory for Strength of Materials and Structures, Civil Engineering DepartmentAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece
| | - George Kazakos
- School of Veterinary MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece
| | - Angeliki Cheva
- Pathology Department, School of MedicineAristotle University of ThessalonikiThessalonikiGreece
| | | | - Pericles Papadopoulos
- 2nd Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University of ThessalonikiGeneral Hospital of Thessaloniki “G.Gennimatas”ThessalonikiGreece
| | - Konstantinos Ditsios
- 2nd Orthopaedic Department, Aristotle University of ThessalonikiGeneral Hospital of Thessaloniki “G.Gennimatas”ThessalonikiGreece
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Lanni F, Antilus Sainte R, Hansen, M, Parigi P, Kaya F, LoMauro K, Siow B, Wilkinson RJ, Wasserman S, Podell BK, Gengenbacher M, Dartois V. A preclinical model of TB meningitis to determine drug penetration and activity at the sites of disease. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2023; 67:e0067123. [PMID: 37966227 PMCID: PMC10720511 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00671-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Tuberculosis meningitis (TBM) is essentially treated with the first-line regimen used against pulmonary tuberculosis, with a prolonged continuation phase. However, clinical outcomes are poor in comparison, for reasons that are only partially understood, highlighting the need for improved preclinical tools to measure drug distribution and activity at the site of disease. A predictive animal model of TBM would also be of great value to prioritize promising drug regimens to be tested in clinical trials, given the healthy state of the development pipeline for the first time in decades. Here, we report the optimization of a rabbit model of TBM disease induced via inoculation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis into the cisterna magna, recapitulating features typical of clinical TBM: neurological deterioration within months post-infection, acid-fast bacilli in necrotic lesions in the brain and spinal cord, and elevated lactate levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). None of the infected rabbits recovered or controlled the disease. We used young adult rabbits, the size of which allows for spatial drug quantitation in critical compartments of the central nervous system that cannot be collected in clinical studies. To illustrate the translational value of the model, we report the penetration of linezolid from plasma into the CSF, meninges, anatomically distinct brain areas, cervical spine, and lumbar spine. Across animals, we measured the bacterial burden concomitant with neurological deterioration, offering a useful readout for drug efficacy studies. The model thus forms the basis for building a preclinical platform to identify improved regimens and inform clinical trial design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faye Lanni
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | | | - Mark Hansen,
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - Paul Parigi
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - Firat Kaya
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - Katherine LoMauro
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - Bernard Siow
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
| | - Robert J. Wilkinson
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sean Wasserman
- Wellcome Centre for Infectious Diseases Research in Africa, Institute of Infectious Disease and Molecular Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
- Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Brendan K. Podell
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado, USA
| | - Martin Gengenbacher
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
| | - Véronique Dartois
- Center for Discovery and Innovation, Hackensack Meridian Health, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
- Department of Medical Sciences, Hackensack Meridian School of Medicine, Nutley, New Jersey, USA
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Gras E, Vu TTT, Nguyen NTQ, Tran VG, Mao Y, Tran ND, Mai NH, Dong OX, Jung DH, Iorio NLPP, Povoa HCC, Pinheiro MG, Aguiar-Alves F, Weiss WJ, Zheng B, Cheng LI, Stover CK, Sellman BR, DiGiandomenico A, Gibault L, Valour F, Diep BA. Development and validation of a rabbit model of Pseudomonas aeruginosa non-ventilated pneumonia for preclinical drug development. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1297281. [PMID: 38149013 PMCID: PMC10750358 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1297281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Background New drugs targeting antimicrobial resistant pathogens, including Pseudomonas aeruginosa, have been challenging to evaluate in clinical trials, particularly for the non-ventilated hospital-acquired pneumonia and ventilator-associated pneumonia indications. Development of new antibacterial drugs is facilitated by preclinical animal models that could predict clinical efficacy in patients with these infections. Methods We report here an FDA-funded study to develop a rabbit model of non-ventilated pneumonia with Pseudomonas aeruginosa by determining the extent to which the natural history of animal disease reproduced human pathophysiology and conducting validation studies to evaluate whether humanized dosing regimens of two antibiotics, meropenem and tobramycin, can halt or reverse disease progression. Results In a rabbit model of non-ventilated pneumonia, endobronchial challenge with live P. aeruginosa strain 6206, but not with UV-killed Pa6206, caused acute respiratory distress syndrome, as evidenced by acute lung inflammation, pulmonary edema, hemorrhage, severe hypoxemia, hyperlactatemia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, and hypoglycemia, which preceded respiratory failure and death. Pa6206 increased >100-fold in the lungs and then disseminated from there to infect distal organs, including spleen and kidneys. At 5 h post-infection, 67% of Pa6206-challenged rabbits had PaO2 <60 mmHg, corresponding to a clinical cut-off when oxygen therapy would be required. When administered at 5 h post-infection, humanized dosing regimens of tobramycin and meropenem reduced mortality to 17-33%, compared to 100% for saline-treated rabbits (P<0.001 by log-rank tests). For meropenem which exhibits time-dependent bactericidal activity, rabbits treated with a humanized meropenem dosing regimen of 80 mg/kg q2h for 24 h achieved 100% T>MIC, resulting in 75% microbiological clearance rate of Pa6206 from the lungs. For tobramycin which exhibits concentration-dependent killing, rabbits treated with a humanized tobramycin dosing regimen of 8 mg/kg q8h for 24 h achieved Cmax/MIC of 9.8 ± 1.4 at 60 min post-dose, resulting in 50% lung microbiological clearance rate. In contrast, rabbits treated with a single tobramycin dose of 2.5 mg/kg had Cmax/MIC of 7.8 ± 0.8 and 8% (1/12) microbiological clearance rate, indicating that this rabbit model can detect dose-response effects. Conclusion The rabbit model may be used to help predict clinical efficacy of new antibacterial drugs for the treatment of non-ventilated P. aeruginosa pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Gras
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Université François Rabelais, Tours, France
| | - Trang T. T. Vu
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Nhu T. Q. Nguyen
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Vuvi G. Tran
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Yanjie Mao
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Nguyen D. Tran
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Nam H. Mai
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Oliver X. Dong
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - David H. Jung
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Natalia L. P. P. Iorio
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Basic Science, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Helvecio C. C. Povoa
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Basic Science, Fluminense Federal University, Nova Friburgo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Marcos Gabriel Pinheiro
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Fabio Aguiar-Alves
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Pathology Program, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - William J. Weiss
- Pre-Clinical Services at UNT Health Science Center, Fort Worth, TX, United States
| | - Bo Zheng
- Clinical Pharmacology & DMPK, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, United States
| | - Lily I. Cheng
- Early Vaccines and Immune Therapies, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, United States
| | - Charles K. Stover
- Early Vaccines and Immune Therapies, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, United States
| | - Bret R. Sellman
- Early Vaccines and Immune Therapies, AstraZeneca, Gaithersburg, MD, United States
| | | | - Laure Gibault
- Pathology Department, George Pompidou European Hospital, Paris, France
| | - Florent Valour
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- CIRI – Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Inserm, U1111, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
- Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS, UMR5308, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, University of Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Binh An Diep
- Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
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Habibie YA, Emril DR, Azharuddin A, Syahrizal D. Effect of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells on hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) production in arteriovenous fistula (AVF) animal model: A preliminary study. Narra J 2023; 3:e225. [PMID: 38455624 PMCID: PMC10919707 DOI: 10.52225/narra.v3i3.225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in cellular responses to hypoxia, such as in the development of intimal hyperplasia, a common complication in arteriovenous fistula (AVF) creation. While the application of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) has shown promise in various regenerative medicine applications, including tissue repair and angiogenesis, the effect of UC-MSCs on HIF-1α level in the AVF has not been tested. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of UC-MSCs administration on HIF-1α levels in the AVF animal model. An experimental study was conducted on 28 local male rabbits (Lepus domestica) using a post-test-only design. The rabbits were divided randomly into four groups: normal rabbit group (negative control), placebo-treated AVF rabbit group (positive control), AVF rabbits treated with in-situ UC-MSCs injection (one dose, 106 UC-MSCs/kg body weight), and AVF rabbits treated with intravenous UC-MSCs (one dose, 106 UC-MSCs/kg body weight (BW). HIF-1α level was measured using ELISA method after 28 days post-treatment. All data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and continued with the Duncan's post-hoc test. The data indicated that the levels of HIF-1α were different among all four groups (p<0.001). The post-hoc analysis revealed that the HIF-1α levels in both UC-MSC treated groups were significantly lower compared to untreated AVF rabbits (p<0.05). This study suggests that UC-MSCs could be a promising therapy to prevent and reduce intimal hyperplasia in AVF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yopie A. Habibie
- Doctoral Program in Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Division of Thoracic Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Division of Thoracic Cardiac and Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Dessy R. Emril
- Division of Pain and Headache, Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Division of Pain and Headache, Department of Neurology, Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Azharuddin Azharuddin
- Division of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
- Division of Orthopedic and Traumatology, Department of Surgery, Dr. Zainoel Abidin Hospital, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
| | - Dedy Syahrizal
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Syiah Kuala, Banda Aceh, Indonesia
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Upadhyay I, Parvej SMD, Shen Y, Li S, Lauder KL, Zhang C, Zhang W. Protein-based vaccine candidate MecVax broadly protects against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli intestinal colonization in a rabbit model. Infect Immun 2023; 91:e0027223. [PMID: 37874163 PMCID: PMC10652908 DOI: 10.1128/iai.00272-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023] Open
Abstract
There are no vaccines licensed against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), a leading cause of children's diarrhea and the most common cause of travelers' diarrhea. Multivalent vaccine candidate MecVax unprecedentedly targets two ETEC enterotoxins (heat-stable toxin, STa; heat-labile toxin, LT) and the seven most prevalent ETEC adhesins (colonization factor antigen, CFA/I, coli surface antigens, CS1-CS6) and has been demonstrated preclinically to protect against STa- and LT-mediated ETEC clinical diarrhea and prevent intestinal colonization from ETEC strain H10407 (CFA/I, STa, LT). However, it is unattested whether MecVax broadly protects against intestinal colonization from ETEC strains producing the other six adhesins (CS1-CS6) also targeted by this product. In this study, we immunized rabbits with MecVax and challenged them with heterogeneous ETEC strains that express CS1-CS6 adhesins to evaluate MecVax's efficacy against bacterial intestinal colonization, thus providing broad vaccine protection against ETEC infection. Data revealed that rabbits intramuscularly immunized with MecVax developed robust responses to both ETEC enterotoxins (STa, LT) and seven adhesins (CFA/I, CS1-CS6), and when challenged with ETEC isolates expressing CS1/CS3, CS2/CS3, CS4/CS6, CS5/CS6, or CS6 adhesin, the immunized rabbits prevented over two logs (>99%) of bacteria from colonization in small intestines. Additionally, compared to a CFA-toxoid fusion protein, which is another potential ETEC vaccine antigen to target two ETEC enterotoxins and the seven adhesins, MecVax exhibited better protection against ETEC intestinal colonization. These results, in conjunction with the protection data from early studies, evidenced that MecVax is broadly protective, validating MecVax's candidacy as an effective vaccine against ETEC-associated diarrhea and accelerating ETEC vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipshita Upadhyay
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Shafiullah M. D. Parvej
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Yiyang Shen
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Siqi Li
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathryn L. Lauder
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Chongyang Zhang
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Weiping Zhang
- Department of Pathobiology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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9
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Calderari S, Archilla C, Jouneau L, Daniel N, Peynot N, Dahirel M, Richard C, Mourier E, Schmaltz-Panneau B, Vitorino Carvalho A, Rousseau-Ralliard D, Lager F, Marchiol C, Renault G, Gatien J, Nadal-Desbarats L, Couturier-Tarrade A, Duranthon V, Chavatte-Palmer P. Alteration of the embryonic microenvironment and sex-specific responses of the preimplantation embryo related to a maternal high-fat diet in the rabbit model. J Dev Orig Health Dis 2023; 14:602-613. [PMID: 37822211 DOI: 10.1017/s2040174423000260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The maternal metabolic environment can be detrimental to the health of the offspring. In a previous work, we showed that maternal high-fat (HH) feeding in rabbit induced sex-dependent metabolic adaptation in the fetus and led to metabolic syndrome in adult offspring. As early development representing a critical window of susceptibility, in the present work we aimed to explore the effects of the HH diet on the oocyte, preimplantation embryo and its microenvironment. In oocytes from females on HH diet, transcriptomic analysis revealed a weak modification in the content of transcripts mainly involved in meiosis and translational control. The effect of maternal HH diet on the embryonic microenvironment was investigated by identifying the metabolite composition of uterine and embryonic fluids collected in vivo by biomicroscopy. Metabolomic analysis revealed differences in the HH uterine fluid surrounding the embryo, with increased pyruvate concentration. Within the blastocoelic fluid, metabolomic profiles showed decreased glucose and alanine concentrations. In addition, the blastocyst transcriptome showed under-expression of genes and pathways involved in lipid, glucose and amino acid transport and metabolism, most pronounced in female embryos. This work demonstrates that the maternal HH diet disrupts the in vivo composition of the embryonic microenvironment, where the presence of nutrients is increased. In contrast to this nutrient-rich environment, the embryo presents a decrease in nutrient sensing and metabolism suggesting a potential protective process. In addition, this work identifies a very early sex-specific response to the maternal HH diet, from the blastocyst stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sophie Calderari
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort94700, France
| | - Catherine Archilla
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort94700, France
| | - Luc Jouneau
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort94700, France
| | - Nathalie Daniel
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort94700, France
| | - Nathalie Peynot
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort94700, France
| | - Michele Dahirel
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort94700, France
| | - Christophe Richard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort94700, France
- Plateforme MIMA2-CIMA, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Eve Mourier
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort94700, France
- Plateforme MIMA2-CIMA, Jouy en Josas, France
| | - Barbara Schmaltz-Panneau
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort94700, France
| | - Anaïs Vitorino Carvalho
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort94700, France
| | - Delphine Rousseau-Ralliard
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort94700, France
| | - Franck Lager
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, Inserm, CNRS, ParisF-75014, France
| | - Carmen Marchiol
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, Inserm, CNRS, ParisF-75014, France
| | - Gilles Renault
- Université Paris Cité, Institut Cochin, Inserm, CNRS, ParisF-75014, France
| | - Julie Gatien
- Research and Development Department, Eliance, Nouzilly, France
| | - Lydie Nadal-Desbarats
- UMR 1253, iBrain, University of Tours, Inserm, Tours, France
- PST-ASB, University of Tours, Tours, France
| | - Anne Couturier-Tarrade
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort94700, France
| | - Véronique Duranthon
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort94700, France
| | - Pascale Chavatte-Palmer
- Université Paris-Saclay, UVSQ, INRAE, BREED, Jouy-en-Josas78350, France
- Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire d'Alfort, BREED, Maisons-Alfort94700, France
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10
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Fang W, Zhai J, Qian ZB, Li HD, Wang MD, Shen LJ. Effect of a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib on bFGF and VEGF concentrations in a rabbit retinal vein occlusion model. Int J Ophthalmol 2023; 16:1450-1455. [PMID: 37724275 PMCID: PMC10475619 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2023.09.11] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023] Open
Abstract
AIM To evaluate whether a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor nintedanib could inhibit basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) simultaneously for retinal vascular disease in vivo. METHODS After a laser induced rabbit retinal vein occlusion (RVO) model was made, 0.5 mg of nintedanib was injected intravitreally in the left eye on the third day while the right eye was as a control. Intracameral samples were taken on the day before laser treatment and days 1, 3, 7, 14, 21, and 28 after treatment. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) was used to test the bFGF and VEGF-A concentrations in the aqueous humor. RESULTS Both bFGF and VEGF-A rose significantly on the third day after laser treatment in both eyes. In the control eye the bFGF concentration peaked on the 14th day while the VEGF-A concentration dropped rapidly soon after the third day. After nintadanib injection in the study eye, both bFGF and VEGF-A showed a significant reduction on the 4th day (7th day after laser treatment) when compared to the control eye, and kept on low level in the following several weeks. CONCLUSION Intravitreal injection of nintedanib can inhibit the expression of bFGF and VEGF in the process of RVO model to a certain extent, which is expected to become a new method for the treatment of retinal vascular diseases or fibrotic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Fang
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, School of Opthalmology & Optometry, WMU, Zhejiang Eye Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jing Zhai
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, School of Opthalmology & Optometry, WMU, Zhejiang Eye Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhen-Bin Qian
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, School of Opthalmology & Optometry, WMU, Zhejiang Eye Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Hai-Dong Li
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, School of Opthalmology & Optometry, WMU, Zhejiang Eye Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Meng-Di Wang
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, School of Opthalmology & Optometry, WMU, Zhejiang Eye Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Li-Jun Shen
- The Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, School of Opthalmology & Optometry, WMU, Zhejiang Eye Hospital, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China
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11
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Yang W, Wu QQ, Yang L, Chen YJ, Jiang RQ, Zou L, Liu QS, Shi GY, Cao J, Yang XC, Sun J. Awake rabbit model of ischemic spinal cord injury with delayed paraplegia: The role of ambient temperature. Animal Model Exp Med 2023. [PMID: 37697489 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraplegia after spinal cord ischemia is a devastating condition in the clinic. Here, we develop an awake rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia with delayed paraplegia and explore the influence of ambient temperature on the outcomes after injury. METHODS A total of 47 male rabbits were involved in the present study. Transient spinal cord ischemia was induced by occluding the infrarenal abdominal aorta of awake rabbits at different ambient temperatures. To find the optimal conditions for developing delayed paraplegia, hindlimb motor function after ischemia was evaluated between experiments. RESULTS The onset and magnitude of ischemic injury varied with the ambient temperature maintained during the peri-ischemia period. More serious spinal cord injury occurred when ischemia was induced at higher temperatures. At 18°C, 25-minute ischemia resulted in 74% of rabbits developing delayed paraplegia. At a temperature of 28°C or higher, most of the animals developed acute paraplegia immediately. While at 13°C, rabbits usually regained normal motor function without paraplegia. CONCLUSION This awake rabbit model is highly reproducible and will be helpful in future studies of delayed paraplegia after spinal cord ischemia. The ambient temperature must be considered while using this model during investigation of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Army Health Service Training Base, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Jie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ren-Qing Jiang
- Army Health Service Training Base, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Zou
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing-Shan Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guang-You Shi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Cao
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Chao Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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12
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Pivard M, Caldelari I, Brun V, Croisier D, Jaquinod M, Anzala N, Gilquin B, Teixeira C, Benito Y, Couzon F, Romby P, Moreau K, Vandenesch F. Complex Regulation of Gamma-Hemolysin Expression Impacts Staphylococcus aureus Virulence. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0107323. [PMID: 37347186 PMCID: PMC10434192 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01073-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus gamma-hemolysin CB (HlgCB) is a core-genome-encoded pore-forming toxin that targets the C5a receptor, similar to the phage-encoded Panton-Valentine leucocidin (PVL). Absolute quantification by mass spectrometry of HlgCB in 39 community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) isolates showed considerable variations in the HlgC and HlgB yields between isolates. Moreover, although HlgC and HlgB are encoded on a single operon, their levels were dissociated in 10% of the clinical strains studied. To decipher the molecular basis for the variation in hlgCB expression and protein production among strains, different regulation levels were analyzed in representative clinical isolates and reference strains. Both the HlgCB level and the HlgC/HlgB ratio were found to depend on hlgC promoter activity and mRNA processing and translation. Strikingly, only one single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the 5' untranslated region (UTR) of hlgCB mRNA strongly impaired hlgC translation in the USA300 strain, leading to a strong decrease in the level of HlgC but not in HlgB. Finally, we found that high levels of HlgCB synthesis led to mortality in a rabbit model of pneumonia, correlated with the implication of the role of HlgCB in severe S. aureus CAP. Taken together, this work illustrates the complexity of virulence factor expression in clinical strains and demonstrates a butterfly effect where subtle genomic variations have a major impact on phenotype and virulence. IMPORTANCE S. aureus virulence in pneumonia results in its ability to produce several virulence factors, including the leucocidin PVL. Here, we demonstrate that HlgCB, another leucocidin, which targets the same receptors as PVL, highly contributes to S. aureus virulence in pvl-negative strains. In addition, considerable variations in HlgCB quantities are observed among clinical isolates from patients with CAP. Biomolecular analyses have revealed that a few SNPs in the promoter sequences and only one SNP in the 5' UTR of hlgCB mRNA induce the differential expression of hlgCB, drastically impacting hlgC mRNA translation. This work illustrates the subtlety of regulatory mechanisms in bacteria, especially the sometimes major effects on phenotypes of single nucleotide variation in noncoding regions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariane Pivard
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Isabelle Caldelari
- Architecture et Réactivité de l’ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Virginie Brun
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, UMR BioSanté U1292, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Clinatec, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Michel Jaquinod
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, UMR BioSanté U1292, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble, France
| | | | - Benoît Gilquin
- Université Grenoble Alpes, Inserm, CEA, UMR BioSanté U1292, CNRS, CEA, Grenoble, France
- Université Grenoble Alpes, CEA, LETI, Clinatec, Grenoble, France
| | - Chloé Teixeira
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Yvonne Benito
- Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Florence Couzon
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Pascale Romby
- Architecture et Réactivité de l’ARN, Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, IBMC, Strasbourg, France
| | - Karen Moreau
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - François Vandenesch
- CIRI, Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université de Lyon, Inserm U1111, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, CNRS UMR5308, ENS de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Institut des Agents Infectieux, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
- Centre National de Référence des Staphylocoques, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Lyon, France
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13
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Florova G, De Vera CJ, Emerine RL, Girard RA, Azghani AO, Sarva K, Jacob J, Morris DE, Chamiso M, Idell S, Komissarov AA. Targeting the PAI-1 Mechanism with a Small Peptide Increases the Efficacy of Alteplase in a Rabbit Model of Chronic Empyema. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:1498. [PMID: 37242740 PMCID: PMC10220965 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15051498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidence of empyema is increasing and associated with a mortality rate of 20% in patients older than 65 years. Since 30% of patients with advanced empyema have contraindications to surgical treatment, novel, low-dose, pharmacological treatments are needed. A Streptococcus pneumoniae-induced rabbit model of chronic empyema recapitulates the progression, loculation, fibrotic repair, and pleural thickening of human disease. Treatment with single chain (sc) urokinase (scuPA) or tissue type (sctPA) plasminogen activators in doses 1.0-4.0 mg/kg were only partially effective in this model. Docking Site Peptide (DSP; 8.0 mg/kg), which decreased the dose of sctPA for successful fibrinolytic therapy in acute empyema model did not improve efficacy in combination with 2.0 mg/kg scuPA or sctPA. However, a two-fold increase in either sctPA or DSP (4.0 and 8.0 mg/kg or 2.0 and 16.0 mg/kg sctPA and DSP, respectively) resulted in 100% effective outcome. Thus, DSP-based Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1-Targeted Fibrinolytic Therapy (PAI-1-TFT) of chronic infectious pleural injury in rabbits increases the efficacy of alteplase rendering ineffective doses of sctPA effective. PAI-1-TFT represents a novel, well-tolerated treatment of empyema that is amenable to clinical introduction. The chronic empyema model recapitulates increased resistance of advanced human empyema to fibrinolytic therapy, thus allowing for studies of muti-injection treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina Florova
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (UTHSCT), Tyler, TX 75708, USA; (G.F.); (C.J.D.V.); (R.L.E.); (R.A.G.); (K.S.); (J.J.); (D.E.M.); (M.C.); (S.I.)
| | - Christian J. De Vera
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (UTHSCT), Tyler, TX 75708, USA; (G.F.); (C.J.D.V.); (R.L.E.); (R.A.G.); (K.S.); (J.J.); (D.E.M.); (M.C.); (S.I.)
| | - Rebekah L. Emerine
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (UTHSCT), Tyler, TX 75708, USA; (G.F.); (C.J.D.V.); (R.L.E.); (R.A.G.); (K.S.); (J.J.); (D.E.M.); (M.C.); (S.I.)
| | - René A. Girard
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (UTHSCT), Tyler, TX 75708, USA; (G.F.); (C.J.D.V.); (R.L.E.); (R.A.G.); (K.S.); (J.J.); (D.E.M.); (M.C.); (S.I.)
| | - Ali O. Azghani
- The Department of Biology, University of Texas at Tyler, Tyler, TX 75799, USA;
| | - Krishna Sarva
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (UTHSCT), Tyler, TX 75708, USA; (G.F.); (C.J.D.V.); (R.L.E.); (R.A.G.); (K.S.); (J.J.); (D.E.M.); (M.C.); (S.I.)
| | - Jincy Jacob
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (UTHSCT), Tyler, TX 75708, USA; (G.F.); (C.J.D.V.); (R.L.E.); (R.A.G.); (K.S.); (J.J.); (D.E.M.); (M.C.); (S.I.)
| | - Danna E. Morris
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (UTHSCT), Tyler, TX 75708, USA; (G.F.); (C.J.D.V.); (R.L.E.); (R.A.G.); (K.S.); (J.J.); (D.E.M.); (M.C.); (S.I.)
| | - Mignote Chamiso
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (UTHSCT), Tyler, TX 75708, USA; (G.F.); (C.J.D.V.); (R.L.E.); (R.A.G.); (K.S.); (J.J.); (D.E.M.); (M.C.); (S.I.)
| | - Steven Idell
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (UTHSCT), Tyler, TX 75708, USA; (G.F.); (C.J.D.V.); (R.L.E.); (R.A.G.); (K.S.); (J.J.); (D.E.M.); (M.C.); (S.I.)
| | - Andrey A. Komissarov
- The Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Tyler (UTHSCT), Tyler, TX 75708, USA; (G.F.); (C.J.D.V.); (R.L.E.); (R.A.G.); (K.S.); (J.J.); (D.E.M.); (M.C.); (S.I.)
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14
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Bedar M, van Wijnen AJ, Shin AY. Safety of Allogeneic Mesenchymal Stem Cell Seeding of NeuraGen Nerve Guides in a Rabbit Model. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2023; 29:43-53. [PMID: 36680753 PMCID: PMC10162580 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2022.0159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) stimulate nerve and tissue regeneration and are primed for clinical translation. Application of autologous MSCs is limited by requirements for expedient harvesting procedures, proliferative expansion to increase number of cells, and reduced regenerative potential due to aging or pathological conditions. Because MSCs are immune privileged, allogeneic MSCs may serve as "off-the-shelf" cell-based reconstructive treatments to support nerve repair. Therefore, we examined the safety and immune response parameters of allogeneic MSCs seeded on NeuraGen® Nerve Guides (NNGs) in a rabbit model. NNGs with or without allogeneic rabbit MSCs were applied to rabbit sciatic nerves. Randomly assigned treatment included group I (no surgery control, n = 3) or groups II and III (sciatic nerve wrapped with unseeded or allogeneic MSC-seeded NNGs; n = 5/group). Rabbits were euthanized after 2 weeks to monitor functional recovery by histological evaluation of sciatic nerves and tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. Host reactions to allogeneic MSCs were analyzed by assessment of body and tissue weight, temperature, as well as hematological parameters, including white blood cell count (WBC), spleen histology, and CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Histological analyses of nerves and spleen were all unremarkable, consistent with absence of overt systemic and local immune responses upon allogeneic MSC administration. No significant differences were observed in WBC or CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes across unseeded and seeded treatment groups. Thus, allogenic MSCs are safe for use and may be considered in lieu of autologous MSCs in translational animal studies as the basis for future clinical nerve repair strategies. Impact statement Autologous mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have been reported to enhance nerve regeneration when used in conjunction with nerve graft substitutes. However, autologous stem cell sources delay treatment and may be susceptible to age- or disease-related dysfunctions. In this study, we investigated the safety of allogeneic MSCs and the optimal number of cells for nerve conduit delivery in a rabbit model. When compared with unseeded nerve conduits, allogeneic MSC-seeded conduits did not induce a systemic or local immune response. The findings of this study will ultimately facilitate the clinical translation of a universal donor cell-based treatment option for nerve defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiwand Bedar
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Radboud University Medical Center, Radboud Institute for Health Sciences, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Andre J. van Wijnen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont College of Medicine, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Alexander Y. Shin
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Hu JJ, Zou CY, Wang R, Lei XX, Chen MJ, Xiong M, Jiang YL, Li-Ling J, Xie HQ, Yang H. An Acquired Anterior Glottic Web Model by Heat Injury with a Laryngoscopic Approach in a Rabbit. Tissue Eng Part C Methods 2023; 29:11-19. [PMID: 36463426 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tec.2022.0161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Acquired anterior glottic webs (AGW) can lead to abnormally elevated phonatory pitch, dysphonia, and airway obstruction requiring urgent intervention. In this study, we construct a novel AGW rabbit model using heat injury by a laryngoscopic way. A primary study was conducted to identify the injury depth in rabbits' vocal folds (VFs) by graded heat energy, and the heat energy for the incurrence of epithelial layer, lamina propria, and muscular layer (ML) injury was 25, 30 and 35 W, respectively. Then, four different models were designed based on the depth and degree of the injury to determine the optimal procedure for AGW formation. Morphological features, vibratory capacity, and histopathologic features of the AGW were correspondingly evaluated. The procedure for conferring the heat injury to the depth of ML and the extent of anterior commissure and middle part of bilateral VFs showed the highest success rate of AGW formation (95%, 19/20). For its low cost, effectiveness, and stability for AGW formation, the heat injury rabbit model with a laryngoscopic approach may provide a new platform for testing novel anti-adhesion materials and bioengineered therapies. Impact Statement Tissue engineering based on biomaterials has been a very hot research field and may be introduced to prevent the acquired anterior glottic web (AGW) formation. However, lacking a widely recognized animal model for AGW has limited the trial of anti-adhesion materials in the larynx. In this study, we have developed a novel rabbit model for AGW formation by conferring a heat injury under a laryngoscope; this model is cheap, effective, and stable for the anti-adhesion materials and bioengineered therapies. Thus, this research would arouse crucial interest and be widely employed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan-Juan Hu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Chen-Yu Zou
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Rui Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Xiong-Xin Lei
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Mao-Jia Chen
- Animal Experiment Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Ming Xiong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Lin Jiang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Jesse Li-Ling
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China.,Department of Medical Genetics, West China Second Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Hui-Qi Xie
- Laboratory of Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering, Orthopedic Research Institute, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, P.R. China
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16
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Piao J, Li N, Zhang L, Meng H, Sun Q, He Z. Quantitatively detecting Candida albicans enolase1 with a one-step double monoclonal antibody sandwich ELISA assay. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1078709. [PMID: 36891387 PMCID: PMC9986313 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1078709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/30/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Invasive candidiasis (IC) is often a cause of severe concern for the hospitalized patients, particularly those who are critically sick. However management of this disease is challenging due to a lack of effective laboratory diagnostic techniques. Hence, we have developed a one-step double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) using a pair of specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for the quantitative detection of Candida albicans enolase1 (CaEno1), which is considered as an important diagnostic biomarker for IC. The diagnostic efficiency of the DAS-ELISA was evaluated by using a rabbit model of systemic candidiasis and compared with other assays. The method validation results demonstrated that the developed method was sensitive, reliable, and feasible. The findings of the rabbit model plasma analysis indicated that the diagnostic efficiency of the CaEno1 detection assay was better in comparison to the (1,3)-β-D-glucan detection and blood culture. CaEno1 is present in the blood of infected rabbits for a brief period and at relatively low levels and thus the combination of CaEno1 antigen and IgG antibodies detection could aid to increase diagnostic efficiency. However, to improve the clinical application of CaEno1 detection in the future, efforts should be made to increase the detection limit of the test by promoting technical developments and by optimizing the protocol for the clinical serial determinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzi Piao
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Ning Li
- Shenyang Institute for Food and Drug Control, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- Basic Medicine Laboratory, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Hanbing Meng
- Basic Medicine Laboratory, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qingqing Sun
- Basic Medicine Laboratory, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Zhengxin He
- Basic Medicine Laboratory, Bethune International Peace Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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17
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Samaha CJ, Tannous HJ, Salman D, Ghafari JG, Amatoury J. Role of surgical hyoid bone repositioning in modifying upper airway collapsibility. Front Physiol 2022; 13:1089606. [PMID: 36582357 PMCID: PMC9792595 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1089606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Surgical hyoid bone repositioning procedures are being performed to treat obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), though outcomes are highly variable. This is likely due to lack of knowledge regarding the precise influence of hyoid bone position on upper airway patency. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of surgical hyoid bone repositioning on upper airway collapsibility. Methods: Seven anaesthetized, male, New Zealand White rabbits were positioned supine with head/neck position controlled. The rabbit's upper airway was surgically isolated and hyoid bone exposed to allow manipulation of its position using a custom-made device. A sealed facemask was fitted over the rabbit's snout, and mask/upper airway pressures were monitored. Collapsibility was quantified using upper airway closing pressure (Pclose). The hyoid bone was repositioned within the mid-sagittal plane from 0 to 5 mm (1 mm increments) in anterior, cranial, caudal, anterior-cranial (45°) and anterior-caudal (45°) directions. Results: Anterior displacement of the hyoid bone resulted in the greatest decrease in Pclose amongst all directions (p = 0.002). Pclose decreased progressively with each increment of anterior hyoid bone displacement, and down by -4.0 ± 1.3 cmH2O at 5 mm. Cranial and caudal hyoid bone displacement did not alter Pclose (p > 0.35). Anterior-cranial and anterior-caudal hyoid bone displacements decreased Pclose significantly (p < 0.004) and at similar magnitudes to the anterior direction (p > 0.68). Conclusion: Changes in upper airway collapsibility following hyoid bone repositioning are both direction and magnitude dependent. Anterior-based repositioning directions have the greatest impact on reducing upper airway collapsibility, with no effect on collapsibility by cranial and caudal directions. Findings may have implications for guiding and improving the outcomes of surgical hyoid interventions for the treatment of OSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Corine J. Samaha
- Sleep and Upper Airway Research Group (SUARG), American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon,Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Hiba J. Tannous
- Sleep and Upper Airway Research Group (SUARG), American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon,Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Diane Salman
- Sleep and Upper Airway Research Group (SUARG), American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon,Biomedical Engineering Program, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture (MSFEA), American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Joseph G. Ghafari
- Division of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon,Department of Orthodontics, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jason Amatoury
- Sleep and Upper Airway Research Group (SUARG), American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon,Biomedical Engineering Program, Maroun Semaan Faculty of Engineering and Architecture (MSFEA), American University of Beirut, Beirut, Lebanon,*Correspondence: Jason Amatoury,
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18
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Morse KW, Moore H, Kumagai H, Hahn W, Koo A, Meyers KN, Bouxsein ML, Brooks DJ, Lanske B, Iyer S, Cunningham M. Abaloparatide Enhances Fusion and Bone Formation in a Rabbit Spinal Arthrodesis Model. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2022; 47:1607-1612. [PMID: 35943233 PMCID: PMC10024932 DOI: 10.1097/brs.0000000000004452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN Prospective randomized placebo controlled animal trial. OBJECTIVE Determine the effect of daily subcutaneous abaloparatide injection on the intervertebral fusion rate in rabbits undergoing posterolateral fusion. STUDY OF BACKGROUND DATA Despite the wide utilization of spine fusion, pseudarthrosis remains prevalent, and results in increased morbidity. Abaloparatide is a novel analog of parathyroid hormone-related peptide (1-34) and has shown efficacy in a rat posterolateral spine fusion model to increase fusion rates. The effect of abaloparatide on the fusion rate in a larger animal model remains unknown. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 24 skeletally mature New Zealand White male rabbits underwent bilateral posterolateral spine fusion. Following surgery, the rabbits were randomized to receive either saline as control or abaloparatide subcutaneous injection daily. Specimens underwent manual assessment of fusion, radiographic analysis with both x-ray and high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomography, and biomechanical assessment. RESULTS Rabbits that received abaloparatide had a 100% (10/10) fusion rate compared with 45% (5/11) for controls ( P <0.02) as assessed by manual palpation. Radiographic analysis determined an overall mean fusion score of 4.17±1.03 in the abaloparatide group versus 3.39±1.21 for controls ( P <0.001). The abaloparatide group also had a greater volume of bone formed with a bone volume of 1209±543 mm 3 compared with 551±152 mm 3 ( P <0.001) for controls. The abaloparatide group had significantly greater trabecular bone volume fraction and trabecular thickness and lower specific bone surface and connectivity density in the adjacent levels when compared with controls. Abaloparatide treatment did not impact trabecular number or separation. There were no differences in biomechanical testing in flexion, extension, or lateral bending ( P >0.05) between groups. CONCLUSIONS Abaloparatide significantly increased the fusion rate in a rabbit posterolateral fusion model as assessed by manual palpation. In addition, there were marked increases in the radiographic evaluation of fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle W. Morse
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Harold Moore
- Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Hiroshi Kumagai
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Tsukuba Memorial Hospital, Tsukuba, Japan
| | - William Hahn
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Kathleen N. Meyers
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Mary L. Bouxsein
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Daniel J. Brooks
- Center for Advanced Orthopaedic Studies, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | | | - Sravisht Iyer
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
| | - Matthew Cunningham
- Department of Spine Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA
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19
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Upadhyay I, Lauder KL, Li S, Ptacek G, Zhang W. Intramuscularly Administered Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) Vaccine Candidate MecVax Prevented H10407 Intestinal Colonization in an Adult Rabbit Colonization Model. Microbiol Spectr 2022; 10:e0147322. [PMID: 35762781 PMCID: PMC9431210 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.01473-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, there are no vaccines licensed for enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC), a leading cause of children's diarrhea in developing countries and the most common cause of travelers' diarrhea. A vaccine preventing ETEC bacteria from colonization at small intestines and neutralizing enterotoxin toxicity is expected to be effective against ETEC diarrhea. Protein-based multivalent vaccine candidate MecVax was demonstrated recently to induce antibodies neutralizing heat-labile toxin (LT) and heat-stable toxin (STa) enterotoxicity and inhibiting adherence of seven ETEC adhesins (CFA/I, CS1 to CS6) but also to protect against ETEC toxin-mediated clinical diarrhea in a pig challenge model. To further evaluate MecVax preclinical efficacy against ETEC colonization at small intestines, in this study, we intramuscularly immunized adult rabbits with MecVax, challenged rabbits with ETEC strain H10407 (CFA/I, LT, STa), and examined prevention of bacteria intestinal colonization. Data showed that rabbits immunized with MecVax developed antibodies to both ETEC toxins (LT, STa) and seven adhesins (CFA/I, CS1 to CS6) and had over 99.9% reduction of H10407 intestinal colonization, indicating that the broadly immunogenic ETEC vaccine candidate MecVax is protective against ETEC H10407 intestinal colonization. This study also confirmed that parenteral administration of a protein-based vaccine can prevent bacteria intestinal colonization. Protection against ETEC intestinal colonization demonstrated by this rabbit study, in conjugation with protection against ETEC enterotoxin-mediated clinical diarrhea from a previous pig challenge study, suggested that MecVax can potentially be an effective ETEC vaccine and a combined pig and rabbit challenge model can evaluate ETEC vaccine preclinical efficacy. IMPORTANCE An effective ETEC vaccine would prevent hundreds of millions of diarrhea clinical cases and save nearly 100,000 lives annually. MecVax, a protein-based injectable multivalent ETEC vaccine candidate, has been shown for the first time to induce functional antibodies against both ETEC enterotoxins (STa, LT) produced by all ETEC strains and seven ETEC adhesins (CFA/I, CS1 to CS6) expressed by ETEC strains causing a majority of ETEC diarrhea clinical cases and the moderate-to-severe cases. Moreover, MecVax was demonstrated to protect against ETEC STa or LT toxin-mediated diarrhea in a pig model. If it also protects against ETEC intestinal colonization, MecVax can be validated as an effective ETEC vaccine candidate. This adult rabbit colonization model study showed that intramuscular administration of MecVax effectively prevented intestinal colonization by H10407, perhaps the most virulent ETEC strain, affirming MecVax vaccine candidacy and accelerating vaccine development against ETEC children's diarrhea and travelers' diarrhea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ipshita Upadhyay
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Pathobiology, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Kathryn L. Lauder
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Pathobiology, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Siqi Li
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Pathobiology, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Galen Ptacek
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Pathobiology, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Weiping Zhang
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Department of Pathobiology, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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20
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Zhao B, Li J, Liu M, Yang N, Bao Z, Zhang X, Dai Y, Cai J, Chen Y, Wu X. DNA Methylation Mediates lncRNA2919 Regulation of Hair Follicle Regeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169481. [PMID: 36012763 PMCID: PMC9408817 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Hair follicles (HFs) are organs that periodically regenerate during the growth and development of mammals. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are non-coding RNAs with crucial roles in many biological processes. Our previous study identified that lncRNA2919 is highly expressed in catagen during the HF cycle. In this study, the in vivo rabbit model was established using intradermal injection of adenovirus-mediated lncRNA2919. The results showed that lncRNA2919 decreased HF depth and density and contributed to HF regrowth, thereby indicating that lncRNA2919 plays a negative role in HF regeneration. Moreover, methylation levels of the lncRNA2919 promoter at different HF cycle stages were detected through bisulfite sequencing. The key CpG site that negatively correlates with lncRNA2919 expression during the HF cycle was identified. 5-Aza-dc-induced demethylation upregulated lncRNA2919 expression, and the core promoter region of lncRNA2919 was verified on the basis of luciferase activity. Furthermore, we found that DNA methylation could prevent the binding of EGR1 to the lncRNA2919 promoter region, thereby affecting the transcriptional expression of lncRNA2919. Collectively, DNA methylation inhibits the transcriptional expression of lncRNA2919, which plays a vital role in the HF cycle and HF regrowth. These findings contribute to the basic theory of epigenetics in HF biology and provide references for further research in HF disease treatment and animal wool production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bohao Zhao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiali Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Ming Liu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Naisu Yang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Zhiyuan Bao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Xiyu Zhang
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yingying Dai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Jiawei Cai
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
| | - Yang Chen
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (X.W.)
| | - Xinsheng Wu
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture & Agri-Product Safety, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China
- Correspondence: (Y.C.); (X.W.)
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Han J, Rhee SM, Kim YW, Park SH, Oh JH. Three-dimensionally printed recombinant human parathyroid hormone-soaked nanofiber sheet accelerates tendon-to-bone healing in a rabbit model of chronic rotator cuff tear. J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2022; 31:1628-1639. [PMID: 35337954 DOI: 10.1016/j.jse.2022.02.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recombinant human parathyroid hormone (rhPTH) promotes tendon-to-bone healing in humans and animals with rotator cuff tear (RCT). However, problems regarding repeated systemic rhPTH injections in humans exist. This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of topical rhPTH administration using 3-dimensionally (3D) printed nanofiber sheets on tendon-to-bone healing in a rabbit RCT model compared to that of direct topical rhPTH administration. METHODS Eighty rabbits were randomly assigned to 5 groups (n = 16 each). To create the chronic RCT model, we induced complete supraspinatus tendon tears in both shoulders and left them untreated for 6 weeks. All transected tendons were repaired in a transosseous manner with saline injection in group A, hyaluronic acid (HA) injection in group B, 3D-printed nanofiber sheet fixation in group C, rhPTH and HA injection in group D, and 3D-printed rhPTH- and HA-soaked nanofiber sheet fixation in group E. Genetic (messenger RNA expression evaluation) and histologic evaluations (hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome staining) were performed in half of the rabbits at 4 weeks postrepair. Genetic, histologic, and biomechanical evaluations (mode of tear and load to failure) were performed in the remaining rabbits at 12 weeks. RESULTS For genetic evaluation, group E showed a higher collagen type I alpha 1 expression level than did the other groups (P = .008) at 4 weeks. However, its expression level was downregulated, and there was no difference at 12 weeks. For histologic evaluation, group E showed greater collagen fiber continuity, denser collagen fibers, and more mature tendon-to-bone junction than did the other groups (P = .001, P = .001, and P = .003, respectively) at 12 weeks. For biomechanical evaluation, group E showed a higher load-to-failure rate than did the other groups (P < .001) at 12 weeks. CONCLUSION Three-dimensionally printed rhPTH-soaked nanofiber sheet fixation can promote tendon-to-bone healing of chronic RCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Han
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Min Rhee
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, KyungHee University Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Young Won Kim
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
| | - Suk Hee Park
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Pusan National University, Republic of Korea.
| | - Joo Han Oh
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Republic of Korea.
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22
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Liang C, Zhao C, Liu T, Liu B, Liu Z, Huang H, Liu W, Zhao M, Xu N, Lu Q, Nie J, Zhang L, Huang W, She R, Wang Y. Characterization of Chronic Hepatitis E Virus Infection in Immunocompetent Rabbits. Viruses 2022; 14. [PMID: 35746723 DOI: 10.3390/v14061252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection is frequently reported in immunocompromised patients, but has also been increasingly reported in non-immunocompromised individuals. We characterized the course of chronic HEV infection in immunocompetent rabbits. In two independent experiments, 40 specific-pathogen-free rabbits were infected with a rabbit HEV genotype 3 strain in serial diluted titers (108 to 104 copies/mL). Serum and fecal samples were collected weekly and were tested for HEV RNA, antigen, anti-HEV and liver enzymes. Rabbits that spontaneously cleared the infection before 10 weeks post-inoculation (wpi) were kept to the end of the study as recovery control. Liver tissues were collected from HEV-infected rabbits at 5, 10 and 26 wpi for histopathological analysis. Nineteen rabbits (47.5%) developed chronic HEV infection with persistent viraemia and fecal HEV shedding for >6 months. Seroconversion to anti-HEV was observed in 84.2% (16/19) of the chronically infected rabbits. Serum levels of aminotransferase were persistently elevated in most of the rabbits. Characterizations of chronic HEV infection in immunocompetent settings could be recapitulated in rabbits, which can serve as a valuable tool for future studies on pathogenesis.
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Mi B, Wang H, Liu C, Wang Q, Fu X, Wang Z, Liu F, Li W. Endoscopic follow-up of mucosal defect after hot versus cold snare polypectomy in animal model. J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2022; 37:1090-1095. [PMID: 35234317 DOI: 10.1111/jgh.15811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/03/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIM Cold snare polypectomy (CSP) has received increasing attention in recent years, but few studies have assessed defect repair after polypectomy. Therefore, we compared the repair of mucosal defect after CSP and hot snare polypectomy (HSP) in a rabbit model. METHODS Resection of normal colonic mucosa using both HSP and CSP were performed in 40 male New Zealand white rabbits by an experienced endoscopist. Follow-up colonoscopy was performed after 7 and 15 days by another endoscopist. We assessed mucosal defect repair, status of healing, scar formation, and intraoperative or delayed complications (including perforation and bleeding). RESULTS Eight animals died of intraoperative or delayed perforation; follow-up colonoscopy was performed in 32 animals. On follow-up colonoscopy at 7 days after operation, 78.1% cases in the CSP group showed healing of mucosal defect compared with none in the HSP group (P < 0.001); mucosal repair score in the CSP group was significantly higher than HSP group (P < 0.001). On follow-up colonoscopy at 15 days, mucosal defect after CSP had completely healed in all cases (100%) versus 96.9% after HSP (P = 0.313). Among these healed defects, scar formation was observed in 2 of 32 cases in the CSP group compared with 19 of 31 in the HSP group (P < 0.001). Intraoperative perforation rate was significantly higher in the HSP group (15% vs 2.5%; P = 0.048). CONCLUSIONS Mucosal defect repair after CSP is quicker compared with HSP and is more likely to result in scarless healing. HSP is more likely to cause perforation in the thin colon walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Biantao Mi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Huimin Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Chunliang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qi Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Xiaohong Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Zikai Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
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24
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Wang Y, Abenojar EC, Wang J, de Leon AC, Tavri S, Wang X, Gopalakrishnan R, Walker E, MacLennan GT, Giles A, Czarnota GJ, Basilion JP, Exner AA. Development of a novel castration-resistant orthotopic prostate cancer model in New Zealand White rabbit. Prostate 2022; 82:695-705. [PMID: 35167141 PMCID: PMC8994852 DOI: 10.1002/pros.24314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 01/12/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Prostate cancer (PCa) models in mice and rats are limited by their size and lack of a clearly delineated or easily accessible prostate gland. The canine PCa model is currently the only large animal model which can be used to test new preclinical interventions but is costly and availability is sparse. As an alternative, we developed an orthotopic human prostate tumor model in an immunosuppressed New Zealand White rabbit. Rabbits are phylogenetically closer to humans, their prostate gland is anatomically similar, and its size allows for clinically-relevant testing of interventions. METHODS Rabbits were immunosuppressed via injection of cyclosporine. Human PC3pipGFP PCa cells were injected into the prostate via either (a) laparotomy or (b) transabdominal ultrasound (US) guided injection. Tumor growth was monitored using US and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) imaging using nanobubbles and Lumason microbubbles was also performed to examine imaging features and determine the optimal contrast dose required for enhanced visualization of the tumor. Ex vivo fluorescence imaging, histopathology, and immunohistochemistry analyses of the collected tissues were performed to validate tumor morphology and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA) expression. RESULTS Immunosuppression and tumor growth were, in general, well-tolerated by the rabbits. Fourteen out of 20 rabbits, with an average age of 8 months, successfully grew detectable tumors from Day 14 onwards after cell injection. The tumor growth rate was 39 ± 25 mm2 per week. CEUS and MRI of tumors appear hypoechoic and T2 hypointense, respectively, relative to normal prostate tissue. Minimally invasive US-guided tumor cell injection proved to be a better method compared to laparotomy due to the shorter recovery time required for the rabbits following injection. Among the rabbits that grew tumors, seven had tumors both inside and outside the prostate, three had tumors only inside the prostate, and four had tumors exclusively outside of the prostate. All tumors expressed the PSMA receptor. CONCLUSIONS We have established, for the first time, an orthotopic PCa rabbit model via percutaneous US-guided tumor cell inoculation. This animal model is an attractive, clinically relevant intermediate step to assess preclinical diagnostic and therapeutic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Wang
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Ultrasound, Peking University People’s Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Eric C. Abenojar
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Jing Wang
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Al C. de Leon
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Sidhartha Tavri
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Xinning Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Ethan Walker
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Gregory T. MacLennan
- Department of Pathology and Urology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Anoja Giles
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Gregory J. Czarnota
- Physical Sciences, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Radiation Oncology and Medical Biophysics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - James P. Basilion
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Agata A. Exner
- Department of Radiology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
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25
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Sánchez-Ríos A, Correa-Gallegos EY, Medina-Espinoza JM, Navarro-Sanchez AA, Olvera-Montaño O, Baiza-Durán L, Muñoz-Villegas P. Validation of a preclinical dry eye model in New Zealand white rabbits during and following topical instillation of 1% ophthalmic atropine sulfate. Animal Model Exp Med 2022; 5:266-273. [PMID: 35277950 PMCID: PMC9240734 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 01/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The objective of this study was to validate an animal model for dry eye during and after the administration of 1% ophthalmic atropine sulfate (OAS) in New Zealand white (NZW) rabbits. METHODS OAS (1%) was applied three times per day to 30 eyes of 15 healthy NZW rabbits. Sacrifice, enucleation, and lacrimal gland removal took place on days 15, 21, and 30 (OAS group). A second group (n = 5) was used as control. Clinical evaluations took place on days 3, 10, 15, 18, 21, 24 and 30. The primary endpoints were: Schirmer I test, tear break-up time (TBUT), and corneal fluorescein staining. As secondary endpoints, clinical changes including intraocular pressure, and histopathology were evaluated. RESULTS While OAS was administered, the Schirmer I test showed a statistically significant reduction for OAS group versus control (p < 0.001), and versus basal production (p < 0.001). TBUT showed statistically significant differences between groups (days 3 and 10; p = 0.001) and versus basal values (day 3; p < 0.001). Fluorescein staining showed a statistically significant difference (day 3; p = 0.001). The most frequent clinical finding was conjunctival hyperemia (76.9% OAS vs. 20% control). For histopathology, all OAS subjects presented some degree of inflammation (86.7% minimal; 13.3% mild) whereas the control presented only 30% minimal inflammation. Goblet cell density showed no difference. CONCLUSIONS The effectiveness of the OAS dry eye model in NZW rabbits as reported in previous studies was confirmed, provided that the application of the drug is maintained throughout the intervention; it is not a viable model after OAS administration is suspended.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Oscar Olvera-Montaño
- Medical Affairs Department, Laboratorios Sophia, SA de CV, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
| | - Leopoldo Baiza-Durán
- Medical Affairs Department, Laboratorios Sophia, SA de CV, Zapopan, Jalisco, Mexico
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26
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Peeters I, Pien N, Mignon A, Van Damme L, Dubruel P, Van Vlierberghe S, Mantovani D, Vermeulen V, Creytens D, Van Tongel A, Schauvliege S, Hermans K, De Wilde L, Martens A. Flexor tendon repair using a reinforced tubular, medicated electrospun construct. J Orthop Res 2022; 40:750-760. [PMID: 33991020 DOI: 10.1002/jor.25103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A reinforced tubular, medicated electrospun construct was developed for deep flexor tendon repair. This construct combines mechanical strength with the release of anti-inflammatory and anti-adhesion drugs. In this study, the reinforced construct was evaluated using a rabbit model. It was compared to its components (a tubular, medicated electrospun polymer without reinforcement and a tubular braid as such) on the one hand to a modified Kessler suture as a control group. Forty New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into two groups. Surgery was performed in the second and fourth deep flexor tendons of one hind paw of the rabbits in the two groups using four repair techniques. Biomechanical tensile testing and macroscopic and histological evaluations were performed at 3 and 8 weeks postoperatively. A two-way analysis of variance with pairwise comparisons revealed that the three experimental surgical techniques (a reinforced tubular medicated electrospun construct, tubular-medicated construct, and tubular braid as such) showed similar strength as that of a modified Kessler suture repair, which was characterized by a mean load at ultimate failure of 19.85 N (standard deviation [SD] 5.29 N) at 3 weeks and 18.15 N (SD 8.01 N) at 8 weeks. Macroscopically, a significantly different adhesion pattern was observed at the suture knots, either centrally or peripherally, depending on the technique. Histologically, a qualitative assessment showed good to excellent repair at the tendon repair site, irrespective of the applied technique. This study demonstrates that mechanical and biological repair strategies for flexor tendon repair can be successfully combined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ian Peeters
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Nele Pien
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Research Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Arn Mignon
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Research Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- KU Leuven, Smart Polymeric Biomaterials, Surface and Interface Engineered Materials, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium
| | - Lana Van Damme
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Research Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter Dubruel
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Research Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sandra Van Vlierberghe
- Polymer Chemistry & Biomaterials Research Group, Centre of Macromolecular Chemistry (CMaC), Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Diego Mantovani
- Laboratory for Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Department of Min-Met-Materials Engineering & Regenerative Medicine, CHU de Quebec Research Center, Laval University, Quebec, Quebec, Canada
| | - Valérie Vermeulen
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anaesthesiology of Domestic Animals, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - David Creytens
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Alexander Van Tongel
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Stijn Schauvliege
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anaesthesiology of Domestic Animals, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Katleen Hermans
- Department of Veterinary Medical Imaging and Small Animal Orthopaedics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Lieven De Wilde
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery and Traumatology, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ann Martens
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Surgery and Anaesthesiology of Domestic Animals, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium
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Trousdale WH, Limberg AK, Reina N, Salib CG, Thaler R, Dudakovic A, Berry DJ, Morrey ME, Sanchez-Sotelo J, van Wijnen A, Abdel MP. Intra-articular celecoxib improves knee extension regardless of surgical release in a rabbit model of arthrofibrosis. Bone Joint Res 2022; 11:32-39. [PMID: 35084209 PMCID: PMC8801169 DOI: 10.1302/2046-3758.111.bjr-2021-0546.r1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Outcomes of current operative treatments for arthrofibrosis after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) are not consistently positive or predictable. Pharmacological in vivo studies have focused mostly on prevention of arthrofibrosis. This study used a rabbit model to evaluate intra-articular (IA) effects of celecoxib in treating contracted knees alone, or in combination with capsular release. Methods A total of 24 rabbits underwent contracture-forming surgery with knee immobilization followed by remobilization surgery at eight weeks. At remobilization, one cohort underwent capsular release (n = 12), while the other cohort did not (n = 12). Both groups were divided into two subcohorts (n = 6 each) – one receiving IA injections of celecoxib, and the other receiving injections of vehicle solution (injections every day for two weeks after remobilization). Passive extension angle (PEA) was assessed in live rabbits at 10, 16, and 24 weeks, and disarticulated limbs were analyzed for capsular stiffness at 24 weeks. Results IA celecoxib resulted in greater mean PEA at ten weeks (69.6° (SD 4.6) vs 45.2° (SD 9.6), p = 0.004), 16 weeks (109.8° (SD 24.2) vs 60.9° (SD10.9), p = 0.004), and 24 weeks (101.0° (SD 8.0) vs 66.3° (SD 5.8), p = 0.004). Capsular stiffness was significantly reduced with IA celecoxib (2.72 Newton per cm (N·cm)/° (SD 1.04), p = 0.008), capsular release (2.41 N·cm/° (SD 0.80), p = 0.008), and capsular release combined with IA celecoxib (3.56 N·cm/° (SD 0.99), p = 0.018) relative to IA vehicle (6.09 N·cm/° (SD 1.64)). Conclusion IA injections of a celecoxib led to significant improvements in passive extension angles, with reduced capsular stiffness, when administered to rabbit knees with established experimental contracture. Celecoxib was superior to surgical release, and the combination of celecoxib and a surgical release did not provide any additional value. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(1):32–39.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Afton K Limberg
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Nicolas Reina
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Roman Thaler
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Amel Dudakovic
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA.,Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Daniel J Berry
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | - Mark E Morrey
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Andre van Wijnen
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont, USA
| | - Matthew P Abdel
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
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Moláček J, Vištejnová L, Klein P, Suchý T, Horný L, Kuželová Košťáková E, Kindermann M, Chlup H, Jenčová V, Lukáš D, Šupová M, Říha I, Soukupová V, Třeška V. Experimental surgery as part of the development of degradable biomaterials for cardiovascular surgery. Rozhl Chir 2022; 101:599-606. [PMID: 36759207 DOI: 10.33699/pis.2022.101.12.599-606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are responsible for significant morbidity and mortality in the population. Artificial vascular grafts are often essential for surgical procedures in radical or palliative treatment. Many new biodegradable materials are currently under development. Preclinical testing of each new material is imperative, both in vitro and in vivo, and therefore animal experiments are still a necessary part of the testing process before any clinical use. The aim of this paper is to present the options of using various experimental animal models in the field of cardiovascular surgery including their extrapolation to clinical medicine. Methods: The authors present their general experience in the field of experimental surgery. They discuss the selection process of an optimal experimental animal model to test foreign materials for cardiovascular surgery and of an optimal region for implantation. Results: The authors present rat, rabbit and porcine models as optimal experimental animals for material hemocompatibility and degradability testing. Intraperitoneal implantation in the rat is a simple and feasible procedure, as well as aortic banding in the rabbit or pig. The carotid arteries can also be used, as well. Porcine pulmonary artery banding is slightly more difficult with potential complications. The banded vessels, explanted after a defined time period, are suitable for further mechanical testing using biomechanical analyses, for example, the inflation-extension test. Conclusion: An in vivo experiment cannot be avoided in the last phases of preclinical research of new materials. However, we try to strictly observe the 3R concept – Replacement, Reduction and Refinement; in line with this concept, the potential of each animal should be used as much as possible to reduce the number of animals.
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Sorkin JA, Rechany Z, Almog M, Dietzmeyer N, Shapira Y, Haastert-Talini K, Rochkind S. A Rabbit Model for Peripheral Nerve Reconstruction Studies Avoiding Automutilation Behavior. J Brachial Plex Peripher Nerve Inj 2022; 17:e22-e29. [PMID: 35747584 PMCID: PMC9213117 DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1747959] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Background
The rabbit sciatic nerve injury model may represent a valuable alternative for critical gap distance seen in humans but often leads to automutilation. In this study, we modified the complete sciatic nerve injury model for avoiding autophagy.
Materials and Methods
In 20 adult female New Zealand White rabbits, instead of transecting the complete sciatic nerve, we unilaterally transected the tibial portion and preserved the peroneal portion. Thereby loss of sensation in the dorsal aspect of the paw was avoided. The tibial portion was repaired in a reversed autograft approach in a length of 2.6 cm. In an alternative repair approach, a gap of 2.6 cm in length was repaired with a chitosan-based nerve guide.
Results
During the 6-month follow-up period, there were no incidents of autotomy. Nerve regeneration of the tibial portion of the sciatic nerve was evaluated histologically and morphometrically. A clear difference between the distal segments of the healthy contralateral and the repaired tibial portion of the sciatic nerve was detectable, validating the model.
Conclusion
By transecting the isolated tibial portion of the rabbit sciatic nerve and leaving the peroneal portion intact, it was possible to eliminate automutilation behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan A Sorkin
- Research Center for Nerve Reconstruction, Department of Neurosurgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Ziv Rechany
- Research Center for Nerve Reconstruction, Department of Neurosurgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Mara Almog
- Research Center for Nerve Reconstruction, Department of Neurosurgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Nina Dietzmeyer
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), Hannover, Germany
| | - Yuval Shapira
- Division of Peripheral Nerve Reconstruction, Department of Neurosurgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Kirsten Haastert-Talini
- Institute of Neuroanatomy and Cell Biology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.,Center for Systems Neuroscience (ZSN), Hannover, Germany
| | - Shimon Rochkind
- Research Center for Nerve Reconstruction, Department of Neurosurgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.,Division of Peripheral Nerve Reconstruction, Department of Neurosurgery, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
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Bierbrauer KL, Alasino RV, Barclay FE, Belotti EM, Ortega HH, Beltramo DM. Biocompatible Hydrogel for Intra-Articular Implantation Comprising Cationic and Anionic Polymers of Natural Origin: In Vivo Evaluation in a Rabbit Model. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13244426. [PMID: 34960976 PMCID: PMC8707494 DOI: 10.3390/polym13244426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
We describe the functional capability of a cross-linked hydrogel composed of sulfated glycosaminoglycans and a cationic cellulose by conducting trials on experimental animal models using intra-articular implants to treat an articular disease called osteoarthritis. Forty-eight mature New Zealand white rabbits were divided into three experimental groups: A, B, and C. Group A and B underwent unilateral anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) of the right knee. Subsequently, both knees of group A were treated with the injectable formulation under study. Meanwhile, group B was treated with sterile PBS (placebo). The animals of group C were surgically operated in both knees: Commercial hyaluronic acid (HA) was implanted in the left knee, and the formulation under study was implanted in the right knee. After implantation, all specimens underwent several evaluations at 3, 6, and 12 months postoperatively. At 6 months, no significant differences were detected between the right and left knees of the different groups. However, significant differences were observed between both knees at 12 months in group C, with less cartilage damage in the right knees implanted with our hydrogel. Therefore, in vivo studies have demonstrated hydrogel safety, superior permanence, and less cartilage damage for long-term follow up 12 months after implantation for the formulation under study compared with commercial HA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karina L. Bierbrauer
- Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba, Gobierno de la Provincia de Córdoba, Pabellón CEPROCOR, Santa Maria de Punilla, Córdoba CP 5164, Argentina; (K.L.B.); (R.V.A.)
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina; (E.M.B.); (H.H.O.)
| | - Roxana V. Alasino
- Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba, Gobierno de la Provincia de Córdoba, Pabellón CEPROCOR, Santa Maria de Punilla, Córdoba CP 5164, Argentina; (K.L.B.); (R.V.A.)
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina; (E.M.B.); (H.H.O.)
| | - Fernando E. Barclay
- Instituto Argentino de Diagnóstico y Tratamiento SA (IADT) en Ortopedia y Traumatología, Cirugía Artroscópica y Medicina del Deporte, Marcelo T. de Alvear 2346/2400, Buenos Aires C1122AAL, Argentina;
| | - Eduardo M. Belotti
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina; (E.M.B.); (H.H.O.)
- Centro de Medicina Comparada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICiVet-Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza 3080, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza 3080, Argentina
| | - Hugo H. Ortega
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina; (E.M.B.); (H.H.O.)
- Centro de Medicina Comparada, Instituto de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral (ICiVet-Litoral), Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza 3080, Argentina
- Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias del Litoral, Universidad Nacional del Litoral (UNL), Esperanza 3080, Argentina
| | - Dante M. Beltramo
- Centro de Excelencia en Productos y Procesos de Córdoba, Gobierno de la Provincia de Córdoba, Pabellón CEPROCOR, Santa Maria de Punilla, Córdoba CP 5164, Argentina; (K.L.B.); (R.V.A.)
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, CONICET, Godoy Cruz 2290, Buenos Aires C1425FQB, Argentina; (E.M.B.); (H.H.O.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +54-3541-489651/53 (ext. 143); Fax: +54-3541-488181
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Hassani A, Reguraman N, Shehab S, Khan G. Primary Peripheral Epstein-Barr Virus Infection Can Lead to CNS Infection and Neuroinflammation in a Rabbit Model: Implications for Multiple Sclerosis Pathogenesis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:764937. [PMID: 34899715 PMCID: PMC8656284 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.764937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common herpesvirus associated with malignant and non-malignant conditions. An accumulating body of evidence supports a role for EBV in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), a demyelinating disease of the CNS. However, little is known about the details of the link between EBV and MS. One obstacle which has hindered research in this area has been the lack of a suitable animal model recapitulating natural infection in humans. We have recently shown that healthy rabbits are susceptible to EBV infection, and viral persistence in these animals mimics latent infection in humans. We used the rabbit model to investigate if peripheral EBV infection can lead to infection of the CNS and its potential consequences. We injected EBV intravenously in one group of animals, and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) in another, with and without immunosuppression. Histopathological changes and viral dynamics were examined in peripheral blood, spleen, brain, and spinal cord, using a range of molecular and histopathology techniques. Our investigations uncovered important findings that could not be previously addressed. We showed that primary peripheral EBV infection can lead to the virus traversing the CNS. Cell associated, but not free virus in the plasma, correlated with CNS infection. The infected cells within the brain were found to be B-lymphocytes. Most notably, animals injected with EBV, but not PBS, developed inflammatory cellular aggregates in the CNS. The incidence of these aggregates increased in the immunosuppressed animals. The cellular aggregates contained compact clusters of macrophages surrounded by reactive astrocytes and dispersed B and T lymphocytes, but not myelinated nerve fibers. Moreover, studying EBV infection over a span of 28 days, revealed that the peak point for viral load in the periphery and CNS coincides with increased occurrence of cellular aggregates in the brain. Finally, peripheral EBV infection triggered temporal changes in the expression of latent viral transcripts and cytokines in the brain. The present study provides the first direct in vivo evidence for the role of peripheral EBV infection in CNS pathology, and highlights a unique model to dissect viral mechanisms contributing to the development of MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma Hassani
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Narendran Reguraman
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Safa Shehab
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Gulfaraz Khan
- Department of Medical Microbiology & Immunology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates.,Zayed Center for Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
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Puccio T, Kunka KS, An SS, Kitten T. Contribution of a ZIP-family protein to manganese uptake and infective endocarditis virulence in Streptococcus sanguinis. Mol Microbiol 2021; 117:353-374. [PMID: 34855265 PMCID: PMC8844249 DOI: 10.1111/mmi.14853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
Streptococcus sanguinis is an important cause of infective endocarditis. In strain SK36, the ABC‐family manganese transporter, SsaACB, is essential for virulence. We have now identified a ZIP‐family protein, TmpA, as a secondary manganese transporter. A tmpA mutant had no phenotype, but a ΔssaACB ΔtmpA mutant was more attenuated for serum growth and for virulence in a rabbit model than its ΔssaACB parent. The growth of both mutants was restored by supplemental manganese, but the ΔssaACB ΔtmpA mutant required twenty‐fold more and accumulated less. Although ZIP‐family proteins are known for zinc and iron transport, TmpA‐mediated transport of either metal was minimal. While ssaACB appears ubiquitous in St. sanguinis, tmpA was present in a majority of strains and a mntH gene encoding an NRAMP‐family transporter was identified in relatively few, including VMC66. As in SK36, deletion of ssaACB greatly diminished VMC66 endocarditis virulence and serum growth, and deletion of tmpA from this mutant diminished virulence further. Virulence was not significantly altered by deletion of mntH from either VMC66 or its ΔssaACB mutant. This and the accompanying paper together suggest that SsaACB is of primary importance for endocarditis virulence while secondary transporters TmpA and MntH contribute to growth under differing conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Puccio
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Karina S Kunka
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Seon-Sook An
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, Richmond, Virginia, USA
| | - Todd Kitten
- Philips Institute for Oral Health Research, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Dentistry, Richmond, Virginia, USA
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Nakagawa K, Otsuki S, Murakami T, Okamoto Y, Okuno N, Wakama H, Sezaki S, Ikeda K, Okayoshi T, Neo M. Histological Analysis of the Wrapping Treatment for Meniscal Horizontal Tears in Rabbits. Cartilage 2021; 13:1551S-1561S. [PMID: 31466462 PMCID: PMC8804842 DOI: 10.1177/1947603519870838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate meniscal regeneration and prevent cartilage degeneration using wrapping treatment for meniscal horizontal tears that have been difficult to repair in rabbits. DESIGN Thirty knees from 15 Japanese white rabbits were divided into the horizontal (horizontal tears) or wrapping (horizontal tears with wrapping treatment) groups. Horizontal tears were created and wrapped with a sheet scaffold containing polyglycolic acid, polylactic acid, and polycaprolactone. The meniscus was stained with Safranin-O/Fast Green and evaluated with modified Pauli scores at 8, 12, and 16 weeks after implantation (n = 5). Cell morphology was determined with hematoxylin and eosin staining. Mature collagen was confirmed with Picrosirius Red staining. Furthermore, immunohistochemical analysis of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) for inflammation, Ki-67 for proliferation, and type II collagen for regeneration was performed. Medial femoral cartilage was stained with Safranin-O/Fast Green and evaluated with the Osteoarthritis Research Society International score at 8 and 16 weeks. RESULTS The wrapping group had significantly better regeneration than the horizontal group, especially at 16 weeks (P < 0.05). Wrapping treatment induced fibrochondrocyte-like cells at 16 weeks. After wrapping treatment, iNOS was overexpressed at 8 weeks, Ki-67 at 8 and 12 weeks, and type II collagen at 16 weeks. Cartilage degeneration in the wrapping group did not progress significantly compared with that in the horizontal group at 16 weeks (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS Wrapping treatment for meniscal horizontal tears induced meniscal regeneration as the sheet scaffold might induce intrinsic and extrinsic repair. Regaining the meniscal function by the wrapping treatment prevented cartilage degeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kosuke Nakagawa
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka
Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shuhei Otsuki
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka
Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan,Shuhei Otsuki, Department of Orthopedic
Surgery, Osaka Medical College, 2-7 Daigaku-machi, Takatsuki-city, Osaka
569-8686, Japan.
| | - Tomohiko Murakami
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka
Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Okamoto
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka
Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Okuno
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka
Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hitoshi Wakama
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka
Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Shunsuke Sezaki
- Department of QOL Research Center
Laboratory, Gunze Limited, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Ikeda
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka
Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Okayoshi
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka
Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masashi Neo
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Osaka
Medical College, Takatsuki, Osaka, Japan
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Yasui Y, Dankert JF, Tonogai I, Mercer NP, Goodale MB, Fortier LA, Kennedy JG. The Effect of Single vs Serial Platelet-Rich Plasma Injections in Osteochondral Lesions Treated With Microfracture: An In Vivo Rabbit Model. Am J Sports Med 2021; 49:3876-3886. [PMID: 34710335 DOI: 10.1177/03635465211052512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biological adjuvants are used after a musculoskeletal injury to improve healing, decrease inflammation, and restore joint homeostasis. Work on 1 such adjuvant, platelet-rich plasma (PRP), has suggested a positive effect when introduced during cartilage repair. However, it remains unknown whether healing osteochondral injuries benefit from serial PRP injections. PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of serial PRP injections versus a single PRP injection on reparative cartilaginous tissue, subchondral bone remodeling, and the expression of inflammatory cytokines in joint synovium. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS A total of 48 New Zealand White rabbits were randomly assigned to receive 1 (1P), 2 (2P), or 3 (3P) PRP injections. Cylindrical full-thickness cartilage defects (2.9 × 2.9 mm) with microdrillings (0.6-mm diameter) were created on the medial condyles of both knees. PRP was injected into the right knee after closure (groups 1P, 2P, and 3P), at 2 weeks after surgery (groups 2P and 3P), and at 4 weeks after surgery (group 3P). The left knees did not receive any PRP injections. A total of 6 rabbits in each group were euthanized at 3, 6, and 12 weeks postoperatively. Cartilage repair tissue was assessed using the Goebel macroscopic and modified International Cartilage Regeneration & Joint Preservation Society (ICRS) histological scoring systems. Subchondral bone remodeling was evaluated by micro-computed tomography analysis (micro-CT). Inflammatory cytokine levels were assessed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS No significant differences were found for the mean macroscopic score between the PRP groups at 12 weeks (control, 6.1 ± 3.3; group 1P, 3.4 ± 2.7; group 2P, 4.2 ± 2.9; group 3P, 0.7 ± 1.5). All PRP groups had a significantly higher mean modified ICRS histological score compared with the control group, but no significant difference was found among the PRP groups. No significant differences were seen in outcomes for the tested micro-CT parameters or cytokine expression levels. CONCLUSION Serial PRP injections conferred no apparent advantage over single injections according to evaluations of the macroscopic and histological appearance of the cartilaginous tissue, subchondral bone healing, and inflammatory cytokine expression levels in the synovium. CLINICAL RELEVANCE The use of PRP as a biological adjuvant to bone marrow stimulation for osteochondral lesions has the potential to enhance the quality of regenerative cartilaginous tissue. We recommend only a single PRP injection if the use of PRP is indicated by the operating surgeon as an adjuvant therapy for osteochondral lesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youichi Yasui
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - John F Dankert
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | | | - Nathaniel P Mercer
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
| | - Margaret B Goodale
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - Lisa A Fortier
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, USA
| | - John G Kennedy
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, NYU Langone Health, New York, New York, USA
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Liu Z, Gong M, Zhao B, Gu J, Su H, Zhou Y, Fu G, He X, Kong J. How to Establish a Minimal Invasive and Stable Carotid Artery Stenosis Rabbit Model? A Simple and Effective Carotid Artery Balloon Strain Technique. Front Physiol 2021; 12:752716. [PMID: 34803736 PMCID: PMC8600145 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.752716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The objective of this study is to establish a minimally invasive technique to create a stable carotid artery stenosis rabbit model. This article summarizes the specific methods and key points of this technology. Methods: The experiment studied a rabbit that was anesthetized through the vein. After the femoral artery was exposed, a minimally invasive needle was used to puncture the femoral artery, then the sheath was placed into the artery. We primarily put a catheter in the ascending aorta for angiography and then used a PT2 guidewire for super-selection. The PT2 guidewire was retained, and a balloon was placed in the right common carotid artery (CCA) through a guidewire to inflate it three times. Six rabbits in the 2- (2W) and 4-week (4W) groups were examined at 14 and 28 days, respectively. The rabbits in the control group received angiography at the beginning and 28 days later but without balloon injury. After angiography assessment, specimens of right CCA were dissected. Pathological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed on the collected specimens, and iFlow analysis was performed as well. Results: All the 18 animals which survived were observed. The rabbits in the 2W and 4W groups showed stenosis of the right CCA. Digital subtraction angiography showed the diameter was lower than that in the control group (1.04 ± 0.1, 0.71 ± 0.12, and 1.83 ± 0.08 mm in 2W, 4W, and control group, P < 0.05). Pathology also suggested carotid stenosis and obvious intimal hyperplasia. The results of immunohistochemistry showed that α-smooth muscle actin was highly expressed in the 2W and 4W groups, and the integrated optical density (IOD) value was higher than that in the control group (14,807.11 ± 1,822.3, 22,245.96 ± 1,212.82, and 6,537.16 ± 1,186.62 in the 2W, 4W, and control group, P < 0.05). Meanwhile, a cluster of differentiation 31 (CD31) was low expressed in the 2W and 4W groups, and the IOD value was lower than that in the control group (519.14 ± 44.4, 1,029.64 ± 98.48, and 1,502.05 ± 88.79 in the 2W, 4W, and control group, P < 0.05), which suggested endothelial damage and partial repair. The analysis by iFlow showed that the time-to-peak after balloon strain in the 2W and 4W groups were longer than that in the control group. Conclusion: We established a minimally invasive, effective, and safe method to establish a carotid artery stenosis rabbit model. The highlights of this technology were the application of minimally invasive methods, reducing surgical bleeding, infection, and related complications. This technology avoided the influence of tissue around CCA in the traditional carotid artery balloon injury model, which might lead to more accurate treatment outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengli Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Maofeng Gong
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Boxiang Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianping Gu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Haobo Su
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yangyi Zhou
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Guanqi Fu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xu He
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jie Kong
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
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Martini AM, Moricz BS, Woods LJ, Jones BD. Type IV Pili of Streptococcus sanguinis Contribute to Pathogenesis in Experimental Infective Endocarditis. Microbiol Spectr 2021;:e0175221. [PMID: 34756087 DOI: 10.1128/Spectrum.01752-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Streptococcus sanguinis is a common cause of infective endocarditis (IE). Efforts by research groups are aimed at identifying and characterizing virulence factors that contribute to the ability of this organism to cause IE. This Gram-positive pathogen causes heart infection by gaining access to the bloodstream, adhering to host extracellular matrix protein and/or platelets, colonizing the aortic endothelium, and incorporating itself into the aortic vegetation. While many virulence factors have been reported to contribute to the ability of S. sanguinis to cause IE, it is noteworthy that type IV pili (T4P) have not been described to be a virulence factor in this organism, although S. sanguinis strains typically encode these pili. Type IV pili are molecular machines that are capable of mediating diverse virulence functions and surface motility. T4P have been shown to mediate twitching motility in some strains of S. sanguinis, although in most strains it has been difficult to detect twitching motility. While we found that T4P are dispensable for direct in vitro platelet binding and aggregation phenotypes, we show that they are critical to the development of platelet-dependent biofilms representative of the cardiac vegetation. We also observed that T4P are required for in vitro invasion of S. sanguinis into human aortic endothelial cells, which indicates that S. sanguinis may use T4P to take advantage of an intracellular niche during infection. Importantly, we show that T4P of S. sanguinis are critical to disease progression (vegetation development) in a native valve IE rabbit model. The results presented here expand our understanding of IE caused by S. sanguinis and identify T4P as an important virulence factor for this pathogen. IMPORTANCE This work provides evidence that type IV pili produced by Streptococcus sanguinis SK36 are critical to the ability of these bacteria to attach to and colonize the aortic heart valve (endocarditis). We found that an S. sanguinis type IV pili mutant strain was defective in causing platelet-dependent aggregation in a 24-h infection assay but not in a 1-h platelet aggregation assay, suggesting that the type IV pili act at later stages of vegetation development. In a rabbit model of disease, a T4P mutant strain does not develop mature vegetations that form on the heart, indicating that this virulence factor is critical to disease and could be a target for IE therapy.
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Lee JH, Kim YH, Rhee SM, Han J, Jeong HJ, Park JH, Oh JH, Jeon S. Rotator Cuff Tendon Healing Using Human Dermal Fibroblasts: Histological and Biomechanical Analyses in a Rabbit Model of Chronic Rotator Cuff Tears. Am J Sports Med 2021; 49:3669-3679. [PMID: 34554882 DOI: 10.1177/03635465211041102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tenocytes derived from tendons have been reported to be effective in the treatment of rotator cuff tears through the expression of extracellular matrix proteins. Human dermal fibroblasts, known to express collagen types I and III as tenocytes do, may likely be substitutes for tenocytes to enhance healing rotator cuff tears. PURPOSE To demonstrate the capability of human dermal fibroblasts to enhance healing of rotator cuff tears. STUDY DESIGN Controlled laboratory study. METHODS The cellular properties and expression profiles of growth factors were compared between human dermal fibroblasts and tenocytes. In both cell types, a series of extracellular matrix proteins were analyzed along with matrix metalloproteinases and tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases involved in the collagenolytic system. A total of 35 rabbits were divided into 5 groups: normal (n = 2), saline control (n = 9), fibrin control (n = 9), low dose of human fibroblasts (HF-LD; n = 9), and high dose of human fibroblasts (HF-HD; n = 6). Cells were injected into the sutured lesions at 6 weeks after creation of bilateral rotator cuff tears, followed by histological and biomechanical analyses at 12 weeks. RESULTS Human dermal fibroblasts exhibited a protein expression pattern similar to that of tenocytes. More specifically, the expression levels of collagen types I and III were comparable between fibroblasts and tenocytes. The histological analysis of 30 surviving rabbits showed that collagen fibers were more continuous and better oriented with a more mature interface between the tendon and bone in the sutured lesions in the HF-LD and HF-HD groups. Most importantly, biomechanical strength, measured using the load to failure at the injection site, was 58.8 ± 8.9 N/kg in the HF-HD group, increasing by approximately 2-fold (P = .0003) over the saline control group. CONCLUSION Human dermal fibroblasts, showing cellular properties comparable with tenocytes, effectively enhanced healing of chronic rotator cuff tears in rabbits. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Human dermal fibroblasts can be used in place of tenocytes to enhance healing of rotator cuff tears.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji-Hye Lee
- Cutigen Research Institute, Tego Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yun Hee Kim
- Cutigen Research Institute, Tego Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Min Rhee
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Jikhyon Han
- Cutigen Research Institute, Tego Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Jang Jeong
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Hyun Park
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo Han Oh
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seongnam, Republic of Korea
| | - Saewha Jeon
- Cutigen Research Institute, Tego Science, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Lux CA, Johnston JJ, Waldvogel-Thurlow S, Dassi C, Douglas RG, Cho DY, Taylor MW, Biswas K. Unilateral Intervention in the Sinuses of Rabbits Induces Bilateral Inflammatory and Microbial Changes. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021; 11:585625. [PMID: 34595125 PMCID: PMC8477012 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.585625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a globally prevalent inflammatory condition of the paranasal sinuses which severely impairs patients' quality of life. An animal model of unilateral sinusitis by transient sinus occlusion has been described previously in rabbits. The aim of this study was to characterise the sinusitis rabbit model by investigating temporal and bilateral changes in the bacterial community and mucosal inflammation. Methods Development of sinusitis was achieved by endoscopically placing Merocel ® , a sterile nasal packing material, in the left middle meatus of six New Zealand white rabbits for four weeks. After a total period of 14 weeks, rabbits were assessed for sinusitis by endoscopic examination, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histology. Swabs from the left and right middle meatus were obtained for bacterial community analysis at three time points (week 0, week 4, week 14) during the study. Results Endoscopic evaluation showed unilateral inflammation in all animals examined after the 4-week blocking period and at week 14. Notably, inflammatory changes were also seen in the contralateral sinus of all animals at week 4. MRI images demonstrated unilateral sinus opacification at week 4 in two rabbits, and partial unilateral sinus opacification at week 14 in one rabbit only. Histological analyses revealed substantial spatial heterogeneity of mucosal inflammation with inconsistent findings across all animals. No significant differences in mucosal inflammatory markers (such as goblet cell hyperplasia, epithelial denudation and oedema) could be identified between nostrils at week 14. The bacterial community in the rabbit sinuses was heavily dominated by Helicobacter at week 0 (baseline). At the end of the blocking period (week 4), bacterial alpha and beta diversity were significantly increased in both nostrils. The bacterial community composition at week 14 had primarily returned to baseline, reflecting the endoscopic and radiological results. Conclusion This study reaffirmed the ability for development of sinusitis without inoculation of any pathogens in a rabbit model. We were able to demonstrate bilateral sinonasal mucosal inflammation, by inducing unilateral sinus blockage, which resulted in significant changes to the sinonasal bacterial community. These findings may explain some of the clinical observations seen in CRS and warrant further research to reveal potential implications for its therapeutic management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian A Lux
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand.,Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - James J Johnston
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | | | - Camila Dassi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná (PUCPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Richard G Douglas
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Do-Yeon Cho
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Alabama at Birmingham and Veteran Affairs Medical Center, Birmingham, AL, United States
| | - Michael W Taylor
- School of Biological Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Kristi Biswas
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
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Zhang Y, Ren H, Zheng Y, Yang Q, Li M, Gu H, Hao L. Exploring the optimal dose of low ionizing radiation to enhance immune function: a rabbit model. J Int Med Res 2021; 49:3000605211015079. [PMID: 34369192 PMCID: PMC8358509 DOI: 10.1177/03000605211015079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Primary liver cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors in China. Currently, immunotherapy for liver cancer is a research hotspot. Experimental studies and epidemiological investigations have confirmed the antineoplastic activity of low ionizing radiation. The aim of this study was to explore the optimal dose of low ionizing radiation to enhance immune function. Twenty-five New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into five groups (n = 5 each): experimental group 1 (25 mGy), experimental group 2 (50 mGy), experimental group 3 (75 mGy), experimental group 4 (100 mGy), and the control group (0 mGy). VX-2 tumor tissue was injected into rabbits using a high-frequency B-ultrasound probe (3.5 MHz). Rabbits were irradiated, and on day 4 after irradiation, blood was collected from each rabbit. Blood chemistry, interleukin (IL)-4, interferon (IFN)-γ, immunoglobulin (Ig)G, and IgM levels were assessed. On day 15 after irradiation, macrophage phagocytic function was assessed. The rabbits were sacrificed, and the spleen was removed and weighed to calculate its spleen index. Each parameter was highest in the experimental group 3 (75 mGy). Thus, we suspect the optimal low ionizing radiation dose to improve immune function may be 75 mGy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Zhang
- Medical Imaging Class 17-03, School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Heilongjiang, Qiqihar, China
| | - Hongyan Ren
- Medical Imaging Class 17-03, School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Heilongjiang, Qiqihar, China
| | - Yifan Zheng
- Medical Imaging Class 17-03, School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Heilongjiang, Qiqihar, China
| | - Qiang Yang
- Medical Imaging Class 17-03, School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Heilongjiang, Qiqihar, China
| | - Miao Li
- Medical Imaging Class 17-03, School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Heilongjiang, Qiqihar, China
| | - Hongqian Gu
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Heilongjiang, Qiqihar, China
| | - Liguo Hao
- Molecular Imaging Laboratory, School of Medical Technology, Qiqihar Medical University, Heilongjiang, Qiqihar, China
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Wang Z, Feng C, Yang R, Liu T, Chen Y, Chen A, Yan B, Yuan Y, Zhang J. Corrigendum: Large-Area Photoreceptor Degeneration Model in Rabbits by Photocoagulation and Oxidative Stress in the Retina. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:738004. [PMID: 34381331 PMCID: PMC8350927 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.738004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Zhexuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Ophthalmology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenli Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Ophthalmology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Ophthalmology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ent Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Primate Research Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aihua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Primate Research Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Biao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Ophthalmology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanzhi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Ophthalmology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Ophthalmology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Institutes for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Zhang B, Liu F, Fang Z, Ding L, Moser MAJ, Zhang W. An in vivo study of a custom-made high-frequency irreversible electroporation generator on different tissues for clinically relevant ablation zones. Int J Hyperthermia 2021; 38:593-603. [PMID: 33853496 DOI: 10.1080/02656736.2021.1912417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the ablation zone, muscle contractions, and temperature increases in both rabbit liver and kidney models in vivo for a custom-made high-frequency irreversible electroporation (H-FIRE) generator. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 18 New Zealand white rabbits were used to investigate five H-FIRE protocols (n = 3 for each protocol) and an IRE protocol (n = 3) for the performance of the designed H-FIRE device in both liver and kidney tissues. The ablation zone was determined by using histological analysis 72 h after treatment. The extent of muscle contractions and temperature change during the application of pulse energy were measured by a commercial accelerometer attached to animals and fiber optic temperature probe inserted into organs with IRE electrodes, respectively. RESULTS All H-FIRE protocols were able to generate visible ablation zones without muscle contractions, for both liver and kidney tissues. The area of ablation zone generated in H-FIRE pulse protocols (e.g., 0.3-1 μs, 2000 V, and 90-195 bursts) appears similar to that of IRE protocol (100 μs, 1000 V, and 90 pulses) in both liver and kidney tissues. No significant temperature increase was noticed except for the protocol with the highest pulse energy (e.g., 1 μs, 2000 V, and 180 bursts). CONCLUSION Our work serves to complement the current H-FIRE pulse waveforms, which can be optimized to significantly improve the quality of ablation zone in terms of precision for liver and kidney tumors in clinical setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Zhang
- Energy-based Tumor Ablation Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fanning Liu
- Energy-based Tumor Ablation Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Fang
- Energy-based Tumor Ablation Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lujia Ding
- Energy-based Tumor Ablation Laboratory, School of Mechatronic Engineering and Automation, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| | - Michael A J Moser
- Department of Surgery, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - Wenjun Zhang
- Division of Biomedical Engineering, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
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Li S, He Q, Yan L, Li M, Liang Z, Shu J, Zhang F, Wang L, Wang L. Infectivity and pathogenicity of different hepatitis E virus genotypes/subtypes in rabbit model. Emerg Microbes Infect 2021; 9:2697-2705. [PMID: 33251979 PMCID: PMC7781933 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2020.1858178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The pathogenicity of each hepatitis E virus (HEV) genotypes/subtypes may be different. This study aimed to investigate the infectivity and pathogenicity of different HEV genotypes/subtypes from different mammalian sources especially human in rabbits, and to assess whether rabbits are an appropriate animal model to study different HEV genotypes/subtypes. Thirty-seven rabbits were randomly divided into nine groups and inoculated with eight different HEV strains, including human-derived HEV3b (hHEV-3b), hHEV-4a, hHEV-4d and hHEV-4h, swine-derived HEV4d (sHEV-4d) and sHEV-4h, rabbit-derived HEV3 (HEV-3ra) and camel-derived HEV8. HEV RNA, antigen, anti-HEV and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in serum or/and feces were monitored weekly. One rabbit from each group was euthanized at seven weeks post inoculation and the liver specimens were taken for histopathological analysis and immunofluorescence staining of HEV ORF2 proteins. hHEV-4d, sHEV-4d and HEV-3ra infections were successfully established in rabbits and typical acute hepatitis symptoms were observed, including viraemia/antigenemia, fecal virus/antigen shedding, elevated ALT level and liver histopathological changes. One rabbit infected with HEV-3ra showed chronic infection. hHEV-4d and sHEV-4d are less infectious and pathogenic than HEV-3ra in rabbits. hHEV-3b and HEV8 only caused inapparent infection in rabbits as 60% (3/5) and 20% (1/5) of the rabbits seroconverted to anti-HEV, respectively. No obvious signs of HEV infection in rabbits inoculated with hHEV-4a, hHEV-4h and sHEV-4h. The infectivity and pathogenicity of different HEV genotypes/subtypes in rabbits is different, which may be related to the species specificity of HEV. Rabbit can be used as an animal model for the study of HEV-3ra and more importantly human HEV-4d.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuangshuang Li
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiyu He
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Yan
- Department of Severe Hepatology, Shanghai Public Health Clinical Centre, Fudan University, Shanghai, People's Republic of China
| | - Manyu Li
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaochao Liang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyi Shu
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Infectious Disease Centre, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Centre, Beijing, People's Republic of China
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Crane JK, Alvarado CL, Sutton MD. Role of the SOS Response in the Generation of Antibiotic Resistance In Vivo. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:e0001321. [PMID: 33875437 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.00013-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The SOS response to DNA damage is a conserved stress response in Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Although this pathway has been studied for years, its relevance is still not familiar to many working in the fields of clinical antibiotic resistance and stewardship. Under some conditions, the SOS response favors DNA repair and preserves the genetic integrity of the organism. On the other hand, the SOS response also includes induction of error-prone DNA polymerases, which can increase the rate of mutation, called the mutator phenotype or "hypermutation." As a result, mutations can occur in genes conferring antibiotic resistance, increasing the acquisition of resistance to antibiotics. Almost all of the work on the SOS response has been on bacteria exposed to stressors in vitro. In this study, we sought to quantitate the effects of SOS-inducing drugs in vivo, in comparison with the same drugs in vitro. We used a rabbit model of intestinal infection with enteropathogenic Escherichia coli strain E22. SOS-inducing drugs triggered the mutator phenotype response in vivo as well as in vitro. Exposure of E. coli strain E22 to ciprofloxacin or zidovudine, both of which induce the SOS response in vitro, resulted in increased antibiotic resistance to 3 antibiotics: rifampin, minocycline, and fosfomycin. Zinc was able to inhibit the SOS-induced emergence of antibiotic resistance in vivo, as previously observed in vitro. Our findings may have relevance in reducing the emergence of resistance to new antimicrobial drugs.
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Nguyen NTQ, Gras E, Tran ND, Nguyen NNY, Lam HTH, Weiss WJ, Doan TNM, Diep BA. Pseudomonas aeruginosa Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia Rabbit Model for Preclinical Drug Development. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021; 65:e0272420. [PMID: 33972247 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.02724-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Development and validation of large animal models of Pseudomonas aeruginosa ventilator-associated pneumonia are needed for testing new drug candidates in a manner that mimics how they will be used clinically. We developed a new model in which rabbits were ventilated with low tidal volume and challenged with P. aeruginosa to recapitulate hallmark clinical features of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS): acute lung injury and inflammation, progressive decrease in arterial oxygen partial pressure to fractional inspired oxygen PaO2:FiO2, leukopenia, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, hyperlactatemia, severe hypotension, bacterial dissemination from lung to other organs, multiorgan dysfunction, and ultimately death. We evaluated the predictive power of this rabbit model for antibiotic efficacy testing by determining whether a humanized dosing regimen of meropenem, a potent antipseudomonal β-lactam antibiotic, when administered with or without intensive care unit (ICU)-supportive care (fluid challenge and norepinephrine), could halt or reverse natural disease progression. Our humanized meropenem dosing regimen produced a plasma concentration-time profile in the rabbit model similar to those reported in patients with ventilator-associated bacterial pneumonia. In this rabbit model, treatment with humanized meropenem and ICU-supportive care achieved the highest level of survival, halted the worsening of ARDS biomarkers, and reversed lethal hypotension, although treatment with humanized meropenem alone also conferred some protection compared to treatment with placebo (saline) alone or placebo plus ICU-supportive care. In conclusion, this rabbit model could help predict whether an antibiotic will be efficacious for the treatment of human ventilator-associated pneumonia.
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Wang Z, Feng C, Yang R, Liu T, Chen Y, Chen A, Yan B, Yuan Y, Zhang J. Large-Area Photoreceptor Degeneration Model in Rabbits by Photocoagulation and Oxidative Stress in the Retina. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:617175. [PMID: 34177442 PMCID: PMC8222581 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.617175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Photocoagulation is used for the treatment of retinal ischemic disease. However, due to the invasive nature of photocoagulation and variety of melanin concentrations between individuals, it is challenging to avoid damaging the adjacent photoreceptors and inducing several side effects. Previous studies indicate the role of laser power, duration, and spot size on retinal lesions, but the effect of interspot distance of the laser pulses needs to be considered in panretinal photocoagulation. In this study, we examine different parameters of photocoagulation on lesions of the retina in rabbit, finding that the lesion level of the outer nuclear layer of the retina depended on the pulse duration and laser spot size, and decreasing interspot distance could completely abolish the photoreceptor layer. The degeneration of the photoreceptor by photocoagulation occurred in 24 h and was not restored afterward. We then conducted panretinal photocoagulation in rabbit and found that oxidative stress was decreased in the inner nuclear layer of the retina, and pupillary light reflex and ERG signals were impaired. Our study could provide a rabbit model to explore the mechanism of photoreceptor degeneration and therapies for the side effects after photocoagulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhexuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Ophthalmology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ent Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chenli Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Ophthalmology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ent Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruyi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Ophthalmology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.,Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ent Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingting Liu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and Ent Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Primate Research Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Aihua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics, Primate Research Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Biao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Ophthalmology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanzhi Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Ophthalmology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiayi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology, Department of Ophthalmology, MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Zhongshan Hospital, Institute for Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Velázquez-Wallraf A, Fernández A, Caballero MJ, Møllerløkken A, Jepson PD, Andrada M, Bernaldo de Quirós Y. Decompressive Pathology in Cetaceans Based on an Experimental Pathological Model. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:676499. [PMID: 34169109 PMCID: PMC8218990 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.676499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Decompression sickness (DCS) is a widely known clinical syndrome in human medicine, mainly in divers, related to the formation of intravascular and extravascular gas bubbles. Gas embolism and decompression-like sickness have also been described in wild animals, such as cetaceans. It was hypothesized that adaptations to the marine environment protected them from DCS, but in 2003, decompression-like sickness was described for the first time in beaked whales, challenging this dogma. Since then, several episodes of mass strandings of beaked whales coincidental in time and space with naval maneuvers have been recorded and diagnosed with DCS. The diagnosis of human DCS is based on the presence of clinical symptoms and the detection of gas embolism by ultrasound, but in cetaceans, the diagnosis is limited to forensic investigations. For this reason, it is necessary to resort to experimental animal models to support the pathological diagnosis of DCS in cetaceans. The objective of this study is to validate the pathological results of cetaceans through an experimental rabbit model wherein a complete and detailed histopathological analysis was performed. Gross and histopathological results were very similar in the experimental animal model compared to stranded cetaceans with DCS, with the presence of gas embolism systemically distributed as well as emphysema and hemorrhages as primary lesions in different organs. The experimental data reinforces the pathological findings found in cetaceans with DCS as well as the hypothesis that individuality plays an essential role in DCS, as it has previously been proposed in animal models and human diving medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alicia Velázquez-Wallraf
- Veterinary Histology and Pathology, Atlantic Center for Cetacean Research, University Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety (IUSA), Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Antonio Fernández
- Veterinary Histology and Pathology, Atlantic Center for Cetacean Research, University Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety (IUSA), Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Maria José Caballero
- Veterinary Histology and Pathology, Atlantic Center for Cetacean Research, University Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety (IUSA), Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Andreas Møllerløkken
- Faculty of Engineering, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Paul D Jepson
- Institute of Zoology, Zoological Society of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Marisa Andrada
- Veterinary Histology and Pathology, Atlantic Center for Cetacean Research, University Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety (IUSA), Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
| | - Yara Bernaldo de Quirós
- Veterinary Histology and Pathology, Atlantic Center for Cetacean Research, University Institute of Animal Health and Food Safety (IUSA), Veterinary School, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain
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Abraham S, Vives M, Cottrell JA, Mitchell A, Lin HN, Effiong L, Iqbal E, Jingar N, Kim B, Shah N, Munoz W, Chaudhary SB, Lin SS, Benevenia J, O'Connor JP. Local insulin application has a dose-dependent effect on lumbar fusion in a rabbit model. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2021; 15:442-452. [PMID: 33608970 DOI: 10.1002/term.3182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine if locally applied insulin has a dose-responsive effect on posterolateral lumbar fusion. Adult male New Zealand White rabbits underwent posterolateral intertransverse spinal fusions (PLFs) at L5-L6 using suboptimal amounts of autograft. Fusion sites were treated with collagen sponge soaked in saline (control, n = 11), or with insulin at low (5 or 10 units, n = 13), mid (20 units, n = 11), and high (40 units, n = 11) doses. Rabbits were euthanized at 6 weeks. The L5-L6 spine segment underwent manual palpation and radiographic evaluation performed by two fellowship trained spine surgeons blinded to treatment. Differences between groups were evaluated by analysis of variance on ranks followed by post-hoc Dunn's tests. Forty-three rabbits were euthanized at the planned 6 weeks endpoint, while three died or were euthanized prior to the endpoint. Radiographic evaluation found bilateral solid fusion in 10%, 31%, 60%, and 60% of the rabbits from the control and low, mid, and high-dose insulin-treated groups, respectively (p < 0.05). As per manual palpation, 7 of 10 rabbits in the mid-dose insulin group were fused as compared to 1 of 10 rabbits in the control group (p < 0.05). This study demonstrates that insulin enhanced the effectiveness of autograft to increase fusion success in the rabbit PLF model. The study indicates that insulin or insulin-mimetic compounds can be used to promote bone regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangeeta Abraham
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Michael Vives
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Jessica A Cottrell
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Ashley Mitchell
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Hsuan-Ni Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Linda Effiong
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Emaad Iqbal
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Neel Jingar
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Brian Kim
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Neel Shah
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - William Munoz
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Saad B Chaudhary
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Sheldon S Lin
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - Joseph Benevenia
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
| | - J Patrick O'Connor
- Department of Orthopaedics, Rutgers-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA
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Bellomo TR, Jeakle MA, Meyerhoff ME, Bartlett RH, Major TC. The Effects of the Combined Argatroban/Nitric Oxide-Releasing Polymer on Platelet Microparticle-Induced Thrombogenicity in Coated Extracorporeal Circuits. ASAIO J 2021; 67:573-582. [PMID: 33902103 PMCID: PMC8083987 DOI: 10.1097/mat.0000000000001256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Clotting, anticoagulation, platelet consumption, and poor platelet function are major factors in clinical extracorporeal circulation (ECC). We have shown that nitric oxide-releasing (NOReL) coatings prevent thrombosis in a rabbit model of ECC without systemic anticoagulation. Nitric oxide-releasing prevents platelet adhesion and activation, resulting in preserved platelet count and function. Previous work has shown that activated platelets form platelet-derived microparticles (PMPs). These experiments were designed to determine if PMPs can identify platelet function during ECC. The objective of this study is to investigate the effects of NOReL on platelet activation and PMP formation during ECC. Uncoated ECCs, including with and without systemic heparin, and NOReL-coated ECCs, including DBHD/N2O2 and argatroban (AG)/DBHD/N2O2-coated ECCs without systemic heparin, were tested in a 4-hour rabbit thrombogenicity model. Before and after ECC exposure, platelets were stimulated with collagen, and PMPs were measured using flow cytometry. The uncoated ECCs clotted within the first hour, while the NOReL-coated ECCs circulated for 4 hours. During pre-ECC blood exposure, platelets stimulated with collagen produced PMPs. With post-ECC exposure, platelets from uncoated circuits generated less PMPs than baseline (mean ± SDs: 23246 ± 3611 baseline vs. 1300 ± 523 uncoated post circuit, p = 0.018) when stimulated with collagen. However, platelets from the AG/DBHD/N2O2-coated ECCs generated a greater number of PMPs as baseline values (23246 ± 3611 baseline vs. 37040 ± 3263 AG/DBHD/N2O2 post 4 hours circuit, p = 0.023). Blood exposure during ECC results in platelet activation and clotting in uncoated ECCs. The remaining circulating platelets have lost function, as demonstrated by the low PMP formation in response to collagen. AG/DBHD/N2O2-coated ECCs prevented significant platelet activation and clotting, while DBHD/N2O2 trended towards prevention of platelet activation. In addition, function of the circulating platelets was preserved, as demonstrated by PMP formation in response to collagen. These results indicate that PMPs may be an important measure of platelet activation during ECC. Platelet-derived microparticles may provide a simplified way to measure platelet function during clinical ECC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiffany R Bellomo
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Mark A Jeakle
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Mark E Meyerhoff
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Robert H Bartlett
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Terry C Major
- From the Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Fernández-Martín S, González-Cantalapiedra A, Permuy M, García-González M, López-Peña M, Muñoz F. Histomorphometric Quantitative Evaluation of Long-Term Risedronate Use in a Knee Osteoarthritis Rabbit Model. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:669815. [PMID: 33969044 PMCID: PMC8100024 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.669815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis (OA) treatment is a major orthopedic challenge given that there is no ideal drug capable to reverse or stop the progression of the OA. In that regard, bisphosphonates have been proposed as potential disease-modifying drugs due to their possible chondroprotective effect related to obtaining a greater subchondral bone quality. However, their effectiveness in OA is still controversial and additionally, there is little evidence focused on their long-term effect in preclinical studies. The aim of this study was to evaluate the risedronate quantitative effect on articular and subchondral periarticular bone by histomorphometry, in an experimental rabbit model in an advanced stage of OA. Twenty-four adult New Zealand rabbits were included in the study. OA was surgically induced in one randomly chosen knee, using the contralateral as healthy control. Animals were divided into three groups (n = 8): placebo control group, sham surgery group and risedronate-treated group. After 24 weeks of treatment, cartilage and subchondral femorotibial pathology was evaluated by micro-computed tomography (micro-CT) and undecalcified histology. The research results demonstrated that the experimental animal model induced osteoarthritic changes in the operated joints, showing an increased cartilage thickness and fibrillation associated with underlying subchondral bone thinning and decreased trabecular bone quality. These changes were especially highlighted in the medial tibial compartments as a possible response to surgical instability. Regarding the trabecular analysis, significant correlations were found between 2D histomorphometry and 3D imaging micro-CT for the trabecular bone volume, trabecular separation, and the trabecular number. However, these associations were not strongly correlated, obtaining more precise measurements in the micro-CT analysis. Concerning the long-term risedronate treatment, it did not seem to have the capacity to reduce the osteoarthritic hypertrophic cartilage response and failed to diminish the superficial cartilage damage or prevent the trabecular bone loss. This study provides novel information about the quantitative effect of long-term risedronate use on synovial joint tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Fernández-Martín
- Anatomy, Animal Production and Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Antonio González-Cantalapiedra
- Anatomy, Animal Production and Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain.,Ibonelab S.L., Laboratory of Biomaterials, Lugo, Spain
| | - María Permuy
- Ibonelab S.L., Laboratory of Biomaterials, Lugo, Spain
| | - Mario García-González
- Anatomy, Animal Production and Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain
| | - Mónica López-Peña
- Anatomy, Animal Production and Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain.,Ibonelab S.L., Laboratory of Biomaterials, Lugo, Spain
| | - Fernando Muñoz
- Anatomy, Animal Production and Veterinary Clinical Sciences Department, Veterinary Faculty, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, Spain.,Ibonelab S.L., Laboratory of Biomaterials, Lugo, Spain
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Tanczos B, Somogyi V, Bombicz M, Juhasz B, Nemeth N, Deak A. Changes of Hematological and Hemorheological Parameters in Rabbits with Hypercholesterolemia. Metabolites 2021; 11:249. [PMID: 33920738 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11040249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 04/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypercholesterolemia plays an important role in the development of atherosclerosis, leading to endothelial dysfunction, ischemic events, and increased mortality. Numerous studies suggest the pivotal role of rheological factors in the pathology of atherosclerosis. To get a more detailed hematological and hemorheological profile in hypercholesterolemia, we carried out an experiment on rabbits. Animals were divided into two groups: the control group (Control) was kept on normal rabbit chow, the high-cholesterol diet group (HC) was fed with special increased cholesterol-containing food. Hematological parameters (Sysmex K-4500 automate), whole blood and plasma viscosity (Hevimet-40 capillary viscometer), red blood cell (RBC) aggregation (Myrenne MA-1 aggregometer), deformability and mechanical stability (LoRRca MaxSis Osmoscan ektacytometer) were tested. The white blood cell and platelet count, mean corpuscular volume, and mean corpuscular hemoglobin were significantly higher in the HC group, while the RBC count, hemoglobin, and hematocrit values were lower than the Control data. Viscosity values corrected to 40% hematocrit were higher in the HC group. The RBC aggregation significantly increased in the HC vs. the Control. The HC group showed significantly worse results both in RBCs' deformability and membrane stability. In conclusion, the atherogenic diet worsens the hematological and macro- and micro-rheological parameters, affecting blood flow properties and microcirculation.
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