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Fukaya S, Iwata S, Tsuda K, Hirose A, Kinoshita M, Saitoh S, Iwata O. Body Size, Cerebral Blood Flow, Ambient Temperature, and Relative Brain Temperatures in Newborn Infants under Incubator Care. Biosensors (Basel) 2024; 14:209. [PMID: 38667202 DOI: 10.3390/bios14040209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Subtle changes in body temperature affect the outcomes of ill newborns. However, the temperature profile of neonatal brains remains largely unknown. In open-cot care, increased cerebral perfusion is correlated with higher superficial brain temperatures. This study investigated the dependence of brain temperature (relative to rectal temperature) on ambient temperature, body size, cerebral perfusion, and metabolism in infants receiving incubator care. Rectal, scalp, and brain temperatures, superior vena cava flow, and brain oxygenation were assessed using echocardiography, thermo-compensatory temperature monitoring, and near-infrared spectroscopy in 60 newborns. These infants had a mean postconceptional age of 36.9 (2.2) weeks and weighed 2348 (609) g at the time of evaluation. The ambient temperature was maintained at 30.0 (1.0) °C. A higher rectal temperature was associated with greater postconceptional age (p = 0.002), body weight (p < 0.001), and head circumference (p < 0.001). Relative scalp, superficial brain, and deep brain temperatures were associated with smaller head circumference (p < 0.001, p = 0.030, and p = 0.015, respectively) and superior vena cava flow (p = 0.002, p = 0.003, and p = 0.003, respectively). In infants receiving incubator care, larger head sizes and increased brain perfusion were associated with lower relative scalp and brain temperatures. When considered alongside previous reports, cerebral perfusion may contribute to maintaining stable cerebral tissue temperature against ambient temperature changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoko Fukaya
- Center for Human Development and Family Science, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Sachiko Iwata
- Center for Human Development and Family Science, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
- Centre for Developmental and Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Kennosuke Tsuda
- Center for Human Development and Family Science, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
- Centre for Developmental and Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Akiko Hirose
- Centre for Developmental and Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Masahiro Kinoshita
- Centre for Developmental and Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
| | - Shinji Saitoh
- Center for Human Development and Family Science, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Osuke Iwata
- Center for Human Development and Family Science, Department of Pediatrics and Neonatology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
- Centre for Developmental and Cognitive Neuroscience, Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Kurume University School of Medicine, Kurume 830-0011, Japan
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Liu J, Zhang M, Huang J, Guo C, Yang J, Yue C, Zi W, Yang Q. Short-Term Effect of Ambient Temperature in Acute Ischemic Stroke with Endovascular Treatment Due to Large Vessel Occlusion. Clin Interv Aging 2024; 19:627-638. [PMID: 38646590 PMCID: PMC11032672 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s453268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Acute ischemic stroke (AIS) stands as the primary cause of mortality and extended disability globally. While prior studies have examined the connection between stroke and local weather, they have produced conflicting results. Our goal was to examine the correlation between temperature and functional prognosis in patients with large vessel occlusion (LVO) undergoing endovascular therapy (EVT). Patients and methods This study included a total of 1809 patients. Temperatures from stroke onset to groin puncture were categorized into Cold (10th percentile of temperature), Cool (10th-50th percentile of temperature), Warm (50th-90th percentile of temperature), and Hot (90th percentile of temperature) groups. The primary efficacy result was the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) score at 90 days. Safety outcomes included mortality, symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) and complications after cerebral infarction. Results The primary efficacy results demonstrated a statistical enhancement in functional outcomes at 90 days for patients in the Warm group compared to the Cold group (adjusted common odds ratio [OR]: 1.386; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.024-1.878, P=0.035). Secondary efficacy results showed that temperature was associated with a higher rate of 90-day functional independence (adjusted OR: 1.016; 95% CI: 1.004-1.029; P=0.009), which was higher in the Warm group compared with patients in the Cold group (adjusted OR: 1.646; 95% CI: 1.107-2.448, P=0.014). There were no significant differences between groups in terms of sICH, 90-day mortality, and post-infarction complications. Conclusion Compared with Cold temperature, Warm temperature is associated with better functional outcomes and reduced mortality risk without increasing the risk of sICH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Jiangmen Central Hospital, Jiangmen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiandi Huang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Changwei Guo
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chengsong Yue
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Zi
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qingwu Yang
- Department of Neurology, Xinqiao Hospital and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Army Medical University (Third Military Medical University), Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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van Hasselt SJ, Coscia M, Allocca G, Vyssotski AL, Meerlo P. Sleep and Thermoregulation in Birds: Cold Exposure Reduces Brain Temperature but Has Little Influence on Sleep Time and Sleep Architecture in Jackdaws ( Coloeus monedula). Biology (Basel) 2024; 13:229. [PMID: 38666841 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Birds have an electrophysiological sleep state that resembles mammalian rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep. However, whether its regulation and function are similar is unclear. In the current experiment, we studied REM sleep regulation in jackdaws (Coloeus monedula) by exposing the birds to low ambient temperature, a procedure that selectively suppresses REM sleep in mammals. Eight jackdaws were equipped with electrodes to record brain activity and neck muscle activity and a thermistor to record cortical brain temperature. Recordings covered a three-day period starting with a 24 h baseline day at an ambient temperature of 21 °C, followed by a 12 h cold night at 4 °C, after which the ambient temperature was restored to 21 °C for the remaining recovery period. Cold exposure at night caused a significant drop in brain temperature of 1.4 °C compared to the baseline night. However, throughout the cold night, jackdaws expressed NREM sleep and REM sleep levels that were not significantly different from the baseline. Also, EEG spectral power during NREM sleep was unaffected by cold exposure. Thus, while cold exposure had a clear effect on brain temperature in jackdaws, it did not have the same REM sleep suppressing effect reported for mammals. These findings suggest that the REM-sleep-like state in birds, unlike REM sleep in mammals, is protected against the influence of low temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sjoerd J van Hasselt
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Massimiliano Coscia
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Giancarlo Allocca
- School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia
- Somnivore Pty. Ltd., Bachhus Marsh, VIC 3340, Australia
| | - Alexei L Vyssotski
- Institute of Neuroinformatics, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Peter Meerlo
- Groningen Institute for Evolutionary Life Sciences, University of Groningen, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands
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Pang H, Jiang T, Dai J, Yang Y, Bai W. Experimental Study of the Mechanical Properties of Full-Scale Rubber Bearings at 23 °C, 0 °C, and -20 °C. Polymers (Basel) 2024; 16:903. [PMID: 38611161 PMCID: PMC11013878 DOI: 10.3390/polym16070903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/07/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
In this study, the effects of ambient temperature on the horizontal mechanical performance of isolated rubber bearings were investigated using high-speed reciprocating loading methods. A comprehensive series of 54 experimental trials are performed on the full-scale (900 mm-diameter) isolation rubber bearings, encompassing a range of temperatures (-20 °C, 0 °C, and 23 °C), shear pressures (50%, 100%, and 250%), and frequencies (0.20 Hz, 0.25 Hz, and 0.30 Hz). Because the compression-shear tests were conducted at high velocities and pressures (specifically, vertical compressive stress of 15 MPa), the equipment used in these tests was capable of generating substantial inertial and frictional forces. Appropriate correction methodologies for the precise determination of mechanical performance metrics for bearings are presented. Then, a comprehensive investigation of the effects of various loading conditions on the characteristic strength, post-yield stiffness, horizontal equivalent stiffness, and equivalent damping ratio of LRB900 (lead-core rubber bearings 900 mm-diameter) and LNR900 (linear natural rubber bearings 900 mm-diameter) is conducted. The empirical results show a discernible relationship between these characteristics and ambient temperature as the number of loading cycles increases, except for the equivalent damping ratio. Finally, empirical fitting formulations incorporating the influence of ambient temperature are presented for each performance indicator. These formulas are intended to assist designers in performing seismic design analyses by allowing them to take into consideration the effects of ambient temperature comprehensively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Pang
- Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin 150080, China; (H.P.); (J.D.); (Y.Y.); (W.B.)
- Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation, Ministry of Emergency Management, Harbin 150080, China
- School of Civil Engineering & Transportation, Bei Hua University, Jilin 132013, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin 150080, China; (H.P.); (J.D.); (Y.Y.); (W.B.)
- Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation, Ministry of Emergency Management, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Junwu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin 150080, China; (H.P.); (J.D.); (Y.Y.); (W.B.)
- Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation, Ministry of Emergency Management, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Yongqiang Yang
- Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin 150080, China; (H.P.); (J.D.); (Y.Y.); (W.B.)
- Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation, Ministry of Emergency Management, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Wen Bai
- Key Laboratory of Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration, Institute of Engineering Mechanics, China Earthquake Administration, Harbin 150080, China; (H.P.); (J.D.); (Y.Y.); (W.B.)
- Key Laboratory of Earthquake Disaster Mitigation, Ministry of Emergency Management, Harbin 150080, China
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Cai Z, Dai Y, Jin X, Xu H, Huang Z, Xie Z, Yu X, Luo J. Ambient temperature regulates root circumnutation in rice through the ethylene pathway: transcriptome analysis reveals key genes involved. Front Plant Sci 2024; 15:1348295. [PMID: 38525142 PMCID: PMC10957643 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1348295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Plant roots are constantly prepared to adjust their growth trajectories to avoid unfavorable environments, and their ability to reorient is particularly crucial for survival. Under laboratory conditions, this continuous reorientation of the root tip is manifested as coiling or waving, which we refer to as root circumnutation. However, the effect of ambient temperature (AT) on root circumnutation remains unexplored. In this study, rice seedlings were employed to assess the impact of varying ATs on root circumnutation. The role of ethylene in mediating root circumnutation under elevated AT was examined using the ethylene biosynthesis inhibitor aminooxyacetic acid (AOA) and the ethylene perception antagonist silver thiosulfate (STS). Furthermore, transcriptome sequencing, weighted gene co-expression network analysis, and real-time quantitative PCR were utilized to analyze gene expressions in rice root tips under four distinct treatments: 25°C, 35°C, 35°C+STS, and 35°C+AOA. As a result, genes associated with ethylene synthesis and signaling (OsACOs and OsERFs), auxin synthesis and transport (OsYUCCA6, OsABCB15, and OsNPFs), cell elongation (OsEXPAs, OsXTHs, OsEGL1, and OsEXORDIUMs), as well as the inhibition of root curling (OsRMC) were identified. Notably, the expression levels of these genes increased with rising temperatures above 25°C. This study is the first to demonstrate that elevated AT can induce root circumnutation in rice via the ethylene pathway and proposes a potential molecular model through the identification of key genes. These findings offer valuable insights into the growth regulation mechanism of plant roots under elevated AT conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeping Cai
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Yinuo Dai
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Xia Jin
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Hui Xu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Zhenyu Xie
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Xudong Yu
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
| | - Jiajia Luo
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Hainan, China
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan, China
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Maleki A, Aboubakri O, Rezaee R, Alahmad B, Sera F. Seasonal variation of Covid-19 incidence and role of land surface and air temperatures: a case study in the west of Iran. Int J Environ Health Res 2024; 34:1342-1354. [PMID: 36998230 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2023.2196057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
.In this study, we assessed the impact of satellite-based Land Surface Temperature (LST) and Air Temperature (AT) on covid-19. First, we spatio-temporally kriged the LST and applied bias correction. The epidemic shape, timing, and size were compared after and before adjusting for the predictors. Given the non-linear behavior of a pandemic, a semi-parametric regression model was used. In addition, the interaction effect between the predictors and season was assessed. Before adjusting for the predictors, the peak happened at the end of hot season. After adjusting, it was attenuated and slightly moved forward. Moreover, the Attributable Fraction (AF) and Peak to Trough Relative (PTR) were % 23 (95% CI; 15, 32) and 1.62 (95%CI; 1.34, 1.97), respectively. We found that temperature might have changed the seasonal variation of covid-19. However, given the large uncertainty after adjusting for the variables, it was hard to provide conclusive evidence in the region we studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Maleki
- Green Technology and Sustainable Development in Construction Research Group, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
- Faculty of Environment, School of Engineering and Technology, Van Lang University, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Omid Aboubakri
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Reza Rezaee
- Environmental Health Research Center, Research Institute for Health Development, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Barrak Alahmad
- Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
- Environmental and Occupational Health Department, College of Public Health, Kuwait University, Kuwait, Kuwait
| | - Francesco Sera
- Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, University of London, London, UK
- Department of Statistics, Computer Science and Applications 'G.Parenti', University of Florence, Florence, Italy
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Pałka T, Rydzik Ł, Koteja PM, Piotrowska A, Bagińska M, Ambroży T, Angelova-Igova B, Javdaneh N, Wiecha S, Filip-Stachnik A, Tota Ł. Effect of Various Hydration Strategies on Work Intensity and Selected Physiological Indices in Young Male Athletes during Prolonged Physical Exercise at High Ambient Temperatures. J Clin Med 2024; 13:982. [PMID: 38398295 PMCID: PMC10888716 DOI: 10.3390/jcm13040982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: In high temperatures, adequate hydration is vital for sustained physical exercise. This study explores the effect of three hydration strategies on physiological indices and work intensity. Methods: The research involved 12 healthy males who engaged in three test series, each separated by a one-week interval. During the trials, participants underwent a 120 min cycling session in a thermal climate chamber (temperature: 31 ± 2 °C, humidity: 60 ± 3%, air movement: <1 m/s). Measurements of rectal temperature (Tre) and heart rate (HR), and assessment of subjective workload perception, and thermal comfort were made both before and during the exercise. The computation of the physical strain index (PSI) relied on Tre and HR values. Three hydration strategies (isotonic drink, water, and no hydration) were administered before, during, and after the exercise. Results: Regardless of the hydration strategy, the participants' mean body mass decreased as a result of the exercise. Statistically significant differences in HR were observed between the no-hydration and water groups (p < 0.036). The mean PSI values significantly varied between hydration strategies, with the no hydration group exhibiting a higher PSI compared to the isotonic drink or water groups (p < 0.001). Conclusions: All hydration strategies contribute to thermoregulatory processes and mitigate the rise in internal body temperature during sustained physical exercise in elevated ambient temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Pałka
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Kraków, Poland; (T.P.); (Ł.T.)
| | - Łukasz Rydzik
- Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Kraków, Poland; (P.M.K.); (T.A.)
| | - Piotr Michał Koteja
- Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Kraków, Poland; (P.M.K.); (T.A.)
| | - Anna Piotrowska
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physiotherapy, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Małgorzata Bagińska
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Tadeusz Ambroży
- Institute of Sports Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Kraków, Poland; (P.M.K.); (T.A.)
| | - Boryana Angelova-Igova
- National Sports Academy Vassil Levski, Philosophy and Sociology of Sport, 1700 Sophia, Bulgaria;
| | - Norollah Javdaneh
- Department of Biomechanics and Sports Injuries, Kharazmi University of Tehran, Tehran 14911-15719, Iran;
| | - Szczepan Wiecha
- Department of Physical Education and Health in Biala Podlaska, Faculty in Biala Podlaska, Jozef Pilsudski University of Physical Education, 00-968 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Filip-Stachnik
- Department of Sports Medicine and Human Nutrition, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Łukasz Tota
- Department of Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, University of Physical Education, 31-571 Kraków, Poland; (T.P.); (Ł.T.)
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Burkhardt FK, Hayer JJ, Heinemann C, Steinhoff-Wagner J. Effect of Climatic Condition, Type of Trough and Water Cleanliness on Drinking Behavior in Dairy Cows. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:257. [PMID: 38254426 PMCID: PMC10812700 DOI: 10.3390/ani14020257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Increasing ambient temperatures lead to higher water intake and higher risks of microbial growth in cattle troughs. This study aims to analyze drinking water quality and dairy cows' drinking behavior (n = 8081 drinking episodes) on a commercial farm with 135 and 144 lactating cows in two climatic conditions, considering trough type and cleanliness, respectively. Daily video recording was conducted at two trough types (two open troughs, 70 L; two-valve troughs, variable volume of 5-15 L) in the first two hours after feeding (n = 60 days in total) under cold (December 2019-February 2020) and warm ambient temperatures (September 2021). The trough cleaning scheme allowed cows to access either cleaned or uncleaned troughs in each system. Water quality was tested daily and analyzed at the beginning and end of the trials. In warmer ambient temperatures, fewer and-at uncleaned troughs and open troughs-shorter drinking episodes were recorded, with longer but fewer water intake periods, longer drinking breaks, and fewer sips (p < 0.0001). Considering the drinking episodes, respectively, water intake and drinking breaks in number and duration, the number of sips and the number of agonistic behaviors might optimize dairy cow water supply and hygiene management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Katharina Burkhardt
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany;
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (J.J.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Jason Jeremia Hayer
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (J.J.H.); (C.H.)
- Educational and Research Centre for Animal Husbandry Hofgut Neumuehle, 67728 Münchweiler an der Alsenz, Germany
| | - Céline Heinemann
- Institute of Animal Science, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany; (J.J.H.); (C.H.)
| | - Julia Steinhoff-Wagner
- TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany;
- HEF World Agricultural Systems Center, Technical University of Munich, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
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Dimakopoulou K, Nobile F, de Bont J, Wolf K, Vienneau D, Ibi D, Coloma F, Pickford R, Åström C, Sommar JN, Kasdagli MI, Souliotis K, Tsolakidis A, Tonne C, Melén E, Ljungman P, de Hoogh K, Vermeulen RCH, Vlaanderen JJ, Katsouyanni K, Stafoggia M, Samoli E. Disentangling associations between multiple environmental exposures and all-cause mortality: an analysis of European administrative and traditional cohorts. Front Epidemiol 2024; 3:1328188. [PMID: 38455945 PMCID: PMC10910955 DOI: 10.3389/fepid.2023.1328188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Background We evaluated the independent and joint effects of air pollution, land/built environment characteristics, and ambient temperature on all-cause mortality as part of the EXPANSE project. Methods We collected data from six administrative cohorts covering Catalonia, Greece, the Netherlands, Rome, Sweden, and Switzerland and three traditional cohorts in Sweden, the Netherlands, and Germany. Participants were linked to spatial exposure estimates derived from hybrid land use regression models and satellite data for: air pollution [fine particulate matter (PM2.5), nitrogen dioxide (NO₂), black carbon (BC), warm season ozone (O3)], land/built environment [normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), distance to water, impervious surfaces], and ambient temperature (the mean and standard deviation of warm and cool season temperature). We applied Cox proportional hazard models accounting for several cohort-specific individual and area-level variables. We evaluated the associations through single and multiexposure models, and interactions between exposures. The joint effects were estimated using the cumulative risk index (CRI). Cohort-specific hazard ratios (HR) were combined using random-effects meta-analyses. Results We observed over 3.1 million deaths out of approximately 204 million person-years. In administrative cohorts, increased exposure to PM2.5, NO2, and BC was significantly associated with all-cause mortality (pooled HRs: 1.054, 1.033, and 1.032, respectively). We observed an adverse effect of increased impervious surface and mean season-specific temperature, and a protective effect of increased O3, NDVI, distance to water, and temperature variation on all-cause mortality. The effects of PM2.5 were higher in areas with lower (10th percentile) compared to higher (90th percentile) NDVI levels [pooled HRs: 1.054 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.030-1.079) vs. 1.038 (95% CI 0.964-1.118)]. A similar pattern was observed for NO2. The CRI of air pollutants (PM2.5 or NO2) plus NDVI and mean warm season temperature resulted in a stronger effect compared to single-exposure HRs: [PM2.5 pooled HR: 1.061 (95% CI 1.021-1.102); NO2 pooled HR: 1.041 (95% CI 1.025-1.057)]. Non-significant effects of similar patterns were observed in traditional cohorts. Discussion The findings of our study not only support the independent effects of long-term exposure to air pollution and greenness, but also highlight the increased effect when interplaying with other environmental exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantina Dimakopoulou
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Federica Nobile
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service/ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Jeroen de Bont
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kathrin Wolf
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Danielle Vienneau
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dorina Ibi
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Fabián Coloma
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Regina Pickford
- Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Christofer Åström
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Johan Nilsson Sommar
- Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - Maria-Iosifina Kasdagli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Kyriakos Souliotis
- Department of Social and Education Policy, University of Peloponnese, Corinth, Greece
- Health Policy Institute, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Cathryn Tonne
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health (ISGlobal), Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Spain
- CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Erik Melén
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Education, Södersjukhuset, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Sachś Children and Youth Hospital, Södersjukhuset, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Petter Ljungman
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Cardiology, Danderyd Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Kees de Hoogh
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland
- University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Roel C. H. Vermeulen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Jelle J. Vlaanderen
- Institute for Risk Assessment Sciences (IRAS), Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands
| | - Klea Katsouyanni
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
- MRC Centre for Environment and Health, Environmental Research Group, Imperial College London, United Kingdom NIHR HPRU in Environmental Exposures and Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Massimo Stafoggia
- Department of Epidemiology, Lazio Region Health Service/ASL Roma 1, Rome, Italy
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Evangelia Samoli
- Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Medical Statistics, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
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10
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Danh N, Ho C, Ford E, Zhang J, Hong H, Reid C, Xu D. Association between ambient temperature and stroke risk in high-risk populations: a systematic review. Front Neurol 2024; 14:1323224. [PMID: 38259643 PMCID: PMC10801432 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1323224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Significant associations exist between ambient temperature and stroke risk, but results in high cardiovascular risk populations are lacking. This systemic review summarised current evidence on ambient temperature and overall stroke risk in a high cardiovascular risk population. Methods We performed a systematic literature search across MEDLINE, Embase, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Web of Science, and GEOBASE, from inception to 3 July 2023, to identify all population-based studies. Eligible studies screened by independent reviewers recruited individuals aged 18 years and over, where minimum 80% of participants had a high cerebral vascular disease (CVD) risk profile. The primary outcomes are stroke morbidity and mortality, while the secondary outcomes are morbidity and mortality of ischaemic stroke (IS), intracranial cerebral haemorrhage (ICH), and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SH). Results The database searches identified 9,025 articles. After removing duplicates, 7,647 articles were screened in title and abstract to identify 380 articles for full-text screening. After the full-text screening of 380 articles by two independent reviewers, 23 articles were included in the review. Conclusion The evidence for an association between ambient temperature and stroke incidence is that lower temperatures were more likely to increase morbidity and mortality risk of both haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke in older people. Conversely, higher ambient temperature is significantly associated with intracranial haemorrhage risk, but decreased risk with IS. Higher and lower ambient temperatures consistently increase stroke risks in patients with comorbidities of congestive heart failure and dyslipidaemia. This evidence implies the need to establish clinical guidelines for preventive intervention in patients with high stroke risks during extreme ambient temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Danh
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Chau Ho
- Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Emily Ford
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Hong
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Christopher Reid
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Dan Xu
- Curtin Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Curtin School of Population Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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11
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Cheong SM, Gaynanova I. Sensing the impact of extreme heat on physical activity and sleep. Digit Health 2024; 10:20552076241241509. [PMID: 38528970 PMCID: PMC10962040 DOI: 10.1177/20552076241241509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study assesses the person-specific impact of extreme heat on low-income households using wearable sensors. The focus is on the intensive and longitudinal assessment of physical activity and sleep with the rising person-specific ambient temperature. Methods This study recruited 30 participants in a low-income and predominantly Black community in Houston, Texas in August and September of 2022. Each participant wore on his/her wrist an accelerometer that recorded person-specific ambient temperature, sedentary behavior, physical activity intensity (low and moderate to vigorous), and sleep efficiency 24 h over 14 days. Mixed effects models were used to analyze associations among physical activity, sleep, and person-specific ambient temperature. Results The main findings include increased sedentary time, sleep impairment with the rise of person-level ambient temperature, and the mitigating role of AC. Conclusions Extreme heat negatively affects physical activity and sleep. The negative consequences are especially critical for those with limited use of AC in lower-income neighborhoods of color. Staying home with a high indoor temperature during hot days can lead to various adverse health outcomes including accelerated cognitive decline, higher cancer risk, and social isolation.
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Affiliation(s)
- So-Min Cheong
- Department of Public Service & Administration, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Irina Gaynanova
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
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12
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Liu KH, Chang WH, Lai ECC, Tsai PC, Hsu B, Yang YH, Lin WR, Huang TS, Su FY, Chiang JH, Li CY, Tsai YS, Sung JM. Ambient temperature and the occurrence of intradialytic hypotension in patients receiving hemodialysis. Clin Kidney J 2024; 17:sfad304. [PMID: 38213491 PMCID: PMC10783262 DOI: 10.1093/ckj/sfad304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Intradialytic hypotension (IDH) is a common hemodialysis complication causing adverse outcomes. Despite the well-documented associations of ambient temperatures with fluid removal and pre-dialysis blood pressure (BP), the relationship between ambient temperature and IDH has not been adequately studied. Methods We conducted a cohort study at a tertiary hospital in southern Taiwan between 1 January 2016 and 31 October 2021. The 24-h pre-hemodialysis mean ambient temperature was determined using hourly readings from the weather station closest to each patient's residence. IDH was defined using Fall40 [systolic BP (SBP) drop of ≥40 mmHg] or Nadir90/100 (SBP <100 if pre-dialysis SBP was ≥160, or SBP <90 mmHg). Multivariate logistic regression with generalizing estimating equations and mediation analysis were utilized. Results The study examined 110 400 hemodialysis sessions from 182 patients, finding an IDH prevalence of 11.8% and 10.4% as per the Fall40 and Nadir90/100 criteria, respectively. It revealed a reverse J-shaped relationship between ambient temperature and IDH, with a turning point around 27°C. For temperatures under 27°C, a 4°C drop significantly increased the odds ratio of IDH to 1.292 [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.228 to 1.358] and 1.207 (95% CI 1.149 to 1.268) under the Fall40 and Nadir90/100 definitions, respectively. Lower ambient temperatures correlated with higher ultrafiltration, accounting for about 23% of the increased IDH risk. Stratified seasonal analysis indicated that this relationship was consistent in spring, autumn and winter. Conclusion Lower ambient temperature is significantly associated with an increased risk of IDH below the threshold of 27°C, irrespective of the IDH definition. This study provides further insight into environmental risk factors for IDH in patients undergoing hemodialysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan-Hung Liu
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsiang Chang
- Department of Food Safety/ Hygiene and Risk Management, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Research Center of Environmental Trace Toxic Substances, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Edward Chia-Cheng Lai
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Pei-Chen Tsai
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Bin Hsu
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Yang
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ren Lin
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Shan Huang
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Fang-Yi Su
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jung-Hsien Chiang
- Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Yi Li
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Healthcare Administration, College of Medical and Health Science, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Yau-Sheng Tsai
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Junne-Ming Sung
- Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
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Beale PK, Foley WJ, Moore BD, Marsh KJ. Warmer ambient temperatures reduce protein intake by a mammalian folivore. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2023; 378:20220543. [PMID: 37839444 PMCID: PMC10577027 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2022.0543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The interplay between ambient temperature and nutrition in wild herbivores is frequently overlooked, despite the fundamental importance of food. We tested whether different ambient temperatures (10°C, 18°C and 26°C) influenced the intake of protein by a marsupial herbivore, the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula). At each temperature, possums were offered a choice of two foods containing different amounts of protein (57% versus 8%) for one week. Animals mixed a diet with a lower proportion of protein to non-protein (P : NP, 0.20) when held at 26°C compared to that at both 10°C and 18°C (0.22). Since detoxification of plant secondary metabolites imposes a protein cost on animals, we then studied whether addition of the monoterpene 1,8-cineole to the food changed the effect of ambient temperature (10°C and 26°C) on food choice. Cineole reduced food intake but also removed the effect of temperature on P : NP ratio and instead animals opted for a diet with higher P : NP (0.19 with cineole versus 0.15 without cineole). These experiments show the proportion of P : NP chosen by animals is influenced by ambient temperature and by plant secondary metabolites. Protein is critical for reproductive success in this species and reduced protein intake caused by high ambient temperatures may limit the viability of some populations in the future. This article is part of the theme issue 'Food processing and nutritional assimilation in animals'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phillipa K. Beale
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - William J. Foley
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
| | - Ben D. Moore
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Locked bag 1797, Penrith, New South Wales 2751, Australia
| | - Karen J. Marsh
- Research School of Biology, The Australian National University, Canberra, Australian Capital Territory 2601, Australia
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Geng L, Yang Y, Chen Y, Ye T, Qiu A, Bukulmez O, Mol BW, Norman RJ, Teng X, Xiang J, Chen M. Association between ambient temperature exposure and pregnancy outcomes in patients undergoing in vitro fertilization in Shanghai, China: a retrospective cohort study. Hum Reprod 2023; 38:2489-2498. [PMID: 37759343 DOI: 10.1093/humrep/dead192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
STUDY QUESTION Does ambient temperature exposure affect outcomes including clinical pregnancy and live birth in women undergoing IVF? SUMMARY ANSWER Both extreme cold and hot ambient temperatures were significantly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes of IVF cycles. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY Heat exposure has been linked to adverse pregnancy outcomes worldwide. However, the effect of ambient temperature on infertile women undergoing IVF treatment is unclear. STUDY DESIGN, SIZE, DURATION A retrospective cohort study was conducted from a database of 3452 infertile women who underwent their first fresh or frozen embryo transfer in the Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital from April 2016 to December 2020. PARTICIPANTS/MATERIALS, SETTING, METHODS Daily mean ambient temperature exposure for each patient was obtained based on their residential address. Temperature-stratified multiple logistic regression analysis was performed to investigate associations between temperature exposure and pregnancy outcomes after controlling for confounders. Vulnerable sub-groups were identified using forest plots. MAIN RESULTS AND THE ROLE OF CHANCE The clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate were 45.7% and 37.1%, respectively. Regarding clinical pregnancy, a higher temperature during cold weather was significantly associated with a higher pregnancy rate in the period about 11 weeks before ovarian stimulation (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) = 1.102, 95% CI: 1.012-1.201). Regarding live birth, an increased temperature during cold weather was significantly related to a higher live birth rate in the period after confirmation of clinical pregnancy or biochemical pregnancy, with the aORs of 6.299 (95% CI: 3.949-10.047) or 10.486 (95% CI: 5.609-19.620), respectively. However, a higher temperature during hot weather was negatively associated with the live birth rate in the periods after confirmation of clinical pregnancy or biochemical pregnancy, with the aORs at 0.186 (95% CI: 0.121-0.285) or 0.302 (95% CI: 0.224-0.406), respectively. Moreover, the decline in live birth rates during cold and hot weather was accompanied by increased rates of early miscarriage (P < 0.05). Stratified analyses identified susceptibility characteristics among the participants. LIMITATIONS, REASONS FOR CAUTION Climate monitoring data were used to represent individual temperature exposure levels according to the patient's residential address in the study. We were not able to obtain information of personal outdoor activity and use of indoor air conditioners in this retrospective study, which may affect actual temperature exposure. WIDER IMPLICATIONS OF THE FINDINGS This study highlights that the ambient temperature exposure should be taken into account during IVF treatment and afterwards. There is a need to be alert to extremes in cold and hot ambient temperatures, especially during the period of follicle development and pregnancy. With this knowledge, clinicians can scientifically determine the timing of IVF treatment and reinforce patients' awareness of self-protection to minimize adverse pregnancy outcomes associated with extreme temperatures. STUDY FUNDING/COMPETING INTEREST(S) This work was supported by a grant from the Clinical Research Plan of Shanghai Hospital Development Center [SHDC2020CR4080], a grant from the Science and Technology Commission of Shanghai Municipality [19411960500], and two grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China [81871213, 81671468]. B.W.M. is supported by a NHMRC Investigator grant (GNT1176437). B.W.M. reports consultancy for ObsEva, and research grants from Merck KGaA, Ferring and Guerbet. The other authors have no conflict of interest to declare. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER N/A.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lulu Geng
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Yifeng Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Tingting Ye
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Andong Qiu
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Orhan Bukulmez
- Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
| | - Ben W Mol
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Monash Medical Centre, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Robert J Norman
- Robinson Research Institute, School of Paediatrics and Reproductive Health, The University of Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Xiaoming Teng
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianjun Xiang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian Province, China
| | - Miaoxin Chen
- Centre for Assisted Reproduction, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Maternal Fetal Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Maternal-Fetal Medicine and Gynecologic Oncology, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
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Singh T, Jalaludin B, Hajat S, Morgan GG, Meissner K, Kaldor J, Green D, Jegasothy E. Acute air pollution and temperature exposure as independent and joint triggers of spontaneous preterm birth in New South Wales, Australia: a time-to-event analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1220797. [PMID: 38098836 PMCID: PMC10720724 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1220797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Exposure to high ambient temperatures and air pollution has been shown to increase the risk of spontaneous preterm birth (sPTB). Less clear are the effects of cold and the joint effects of air pollution and temperature. Methods Using a Cox proportional hazard regression model, we assessed the risk of independent and combined short-term exposure to ambient daily mean temperature and PM2.5 associated with sPTB in the last week before delivery on overall sPTB (weeks 23-36) and three subtypes: extremely sPTB, very sPTB, and moderate-to-late sPTB for a birth cohort of 1,318,570 births from Australia (Jan 2001-Dec 2019), while controlling for chronic exposure (i.e., throughout pregnancy except the last week before delivery) to PM2.5 and temperature. The temperature was modeled as a natural cubic spline, PM2.5 as a linear term, and the interaction effect was estimated using a multiplicative term. For short-term exposure to temperature hazard ratios reported are relative to the median temperature (18.1°C). Results Hazard ratios at low temperature [5th percentile(11.5°C)] were 0.95 (95% CI: 0.90, 1.00), 1.08 (95% CI: 0.84, 1.4), 0.87 (95% CI: 0.71, 1.06), and 1.00 (95% CI: 0.94, 1.06) and greater for high temperature [95th percentile (24.5°C)]: 1.22 (95% CI: 1.16, 1.28), 1.27 (95% CI: 1.03, 1.57), and 1.26 (95% CI: 1.05, 1.5) and 1.05 (1.00, 1.11), respectively, for overall, extremely, very, and moderate-to-late sPTBs. While chronic exposure to PM2.5 had adverse effects on sPTB, short-term exposure to PM2.5 appeared to have a negative association with all types of sPTB, with hazard ratios ranging from 0.86 (95th CI: 0.80, 0.94) to 0.98 (95th CI: 0.97, 1.00) per 5 μg/m3 increase in PM2.5. Discussion The risk of sPTB was found to increase following acute exposure to hot and cold ambient temperatures. Earlier sPTB subtypes seemed to be the most vulnerable. This study adds to the evidence that short-term exposure to ambient cold and heat and longer term gestational exposure to ambient PM2.5 are associated with an elevated risk of sPTB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tanya Singh
- Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Bin Jalaludin
- School of Population Health, University of New South Wales, Kensington, NSW, Australia
- Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Shakoor Hajat
- Centre on Climate Change and Planetary Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey G. Morgan
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- University Centre for Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Lismore, NSW, Australia
- Healthy Environments and Lives (HEAL) National Research Network, Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia
- Centre for Air Pollution, Energy and Health Research (CAR), Glebe, NSW, Australia
| | - Katrin Meissner
- Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - John Kaldor
- Kirby Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Donna Green
- Climate Change Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence for Climate Extremes, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Edward Jegasothy
- School of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
- University Centre for Rural Health, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Lismore, NSW, Australia
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16
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Zhao P, Cao L, Wang G, Wu Z, Yin H. The Impact of Ambient Temperature on Electrothermal Characteristics in Stacked Nanosheet Transistors with Multiple Lateral Stacks. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2023; 13:2971. [PMID: 37999325 PMCID: PMC10675435 DOI: 10.3390/nano13222971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2023] [Revised: 11/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
With characteristic size scaling down to the nanoscale range, the confined geometry exacerbates the self-heating effect (SHE) in nanoscale devices. In this paper, the impact of ambient temperature (Tamb) on the SHE in stacked nanosheet transistors is investigated. As the number of lateral stacks (Nstack) increases, the nanoscale devices show more severe thermal crosstalk issues, and the current performance between n- and p-type nanoscale transistors exhibits different degradation trends. To compare the effect of different Tamb ranges, the temperature coefficients of current per stack and threshold voltage are analyzed. As the Nstack increases from 4 to 32, it is verified that the zero-temperature coefficient bias point (VZTC) decreases significantly in p-type nanoscale devices when Tamb is above room temperature. This can be explained by the enhanced thermal crosstalk. Then, the gate length-dependent electrothermal characteristics with different Nstacks are investigated at various Tambs. To explore the origin of drain current variation, the temperature-dependent backscattering model is utilized to explain the variation. At last, the simulation results verify the impact of Tamb on the SHE. The study provides an effective design guide for stacked nanosheet transistors when considering multiple stacks in circuit applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Zhao
- Integrated Circuit Advanced Process R&D Center, Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; (P.Z.); (L.C.); (Z.W.)
- State Key Lab of Fabrication Technologies for Integrated Circuits, Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lei Cao
- Integrated Circuit Advanced Process R&D Center, Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; (P.Z.); (L.C.); (Z.W.)
- State Key Lab of Fabrication Technologies for Integrated Circuits, Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Guilei Wang
- Process Integration, Beijing Superstring Academy of Memory Technology, Beijing 100176, China;
| | - Zhenhua Wu
- Integrated Circuit Advanced Process R&D Center, Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; (P.Z.); (L.C.); (Z.W.)
- State Key Lab of Fabrication Technologies for Integrated Circuits, Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Huaxiang Yin
- Integrated Circuit Advanced Process R&D Center, Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China; (P.Z.); (L.C.); (Z.W.)
- State Key Lab of Fabrication Technologies for Integrated Circuits, Institute of Microelectronics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100029, China
- School of Integrated Circuits, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Azadi E, Dinari M. Green and Facile Preparation of Covalent Organic Frameworks Based on Reaction Medium for Advanced Applications. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202301837. [PMID: 37640690 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202301837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023]
Abstract
Covalent organic frameworks (COFs), as a new class of crystalline, well-ordered, and porous materials with intermittent constructions, are formed via organic structural parts connected through covalent bonds. These materials have been employed in several fields comprising pollutant adsorption and separation, catalysis, electrical conductivity, gas storage, etc. The preparation of COFs is mainly applied in tubes with high temperatures and degassing treatment. Furthermore, the reaction medium is involved in toxic organic solvents like toluene, dioxane, mesitylene, acetonitrile, and so on. Hence, discovering clean medium and green approaches has attracted wide attention. Recently, facile, less dangerous, and greener methods have been developed for COFs synthesis in diverse applications like performing the reaction at ambient temperature or employing aqueous solvents, ionic liquids, and a mixture of organic solvents/water. This review article summarizes the eco-friendly production approaches of COFs for diverse applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Azadi
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
| | - Mohammad Dinari
- Department of Chemistry, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran
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18
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Kuo CC, Chen HW, Huang SH. Rotary Friction Welding of Dissimilar Polymer Rods Containing Metal Powder. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:4354. [PMID: 38006079 PMCID: PMC10675412 DOI: 10.3390/polym15224354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Three-dimensional printing is widely used for manufacturing a variety of functional components. However, the 3D printing machine substantially limits the size of the functional components. Rotary friction welding (RFW) is a possible solution to this problem. In addition, there is a notable scarcity of research directed toward the domain knowledge of RFW involving dissimilar polymer rods containing metal powder. In this study, two welding specimens fabricated by polylactic acid (PLA)-containing copper powder and PLA-containing aluminum powder were joined using a turning machine. After RFW, a bending test and a Shore A surface hardness test were performed to investigate the weld quality. It was found that the bending strength of the welded parts fabricated by RFW of PLA and PLA-containing Al powder rods can be enhanced by about 57.5% when the welded part is placed at 45 °C. Surface hardness test results showed that the surface hardness of the weld interface is better than that of the 3D printed parts, and the average surface hardness of the weld interface from RFW of PLA and PLA is the highest. The surface hardness of the weld joint is about 3% higher than that of the base material. The surface hardness of the heat-affected zone is about 3% lower than that of the base material. The average peak temperature of the welded joint is the highest in the RFW of PLA-containing Al powder and PLA-containing Al powder rods. The average peak temperature of the weld joint can be as high as 160 °C. The average peak temperature of the welded joint is the highest in the RFW of PLA-containing Cu powder and PLA-containing Cu powder rods. The average peak temperature of the welded joint can be as high as 144 °C. A technical database was built for the selection of ambient temperatures used for the RFW of dissimilar polymer rods containing metal powder and three base materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chil-Chyuan Kuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, No. 84, Gungjuan Road, Taishan District, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan;
- Research Center for Intelligent Medical Devices, Ming Chi University of Technology, No. 84, Gungjuan Road, Taishan District, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Rd., Guishan Dist., Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Center for Reliability Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, No. 84, Gungjuan Road, Taishan District, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
| | - Hong-Wei Chen
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, No. 84, Gungjuan Road, Taishan District, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan;
| | - Song-Hua Huang
- Li-Yin Technology Co., Ltd., No. 37, Lane 151, Section 1, Zhongxing Road, Wugu District, New Taipei City 24101, Taiwan
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19
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Ng HKS, Cheung SH. Too hot to help or too cold to care? On the links between ambient temperature, volunteerism, and civic engagement. Br J Psychol 2023; 114:945-968. [PMID: 37309918 DOI: 10.1111/bjop.12669] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between ambient temperature and prosocial behaviour in real-life settings. It was guided by two mechanisms of opposite predictions, namely (1) higher temperatures decrease prosociality by harming well-being, and (2) higher temperatures increase prosociality by promoting the embodied cognition of social warmth. In Study 1, U.S. state-level time-series data (2002-2015) supported the first mechanism, with higher temperatures predicting lower volunteer rates through lower well-being. Study 2 furthered the investigation by probing the relationship between neighbourhood temperature and civic engagement of 2268 U.S. citizens. The data partially supported the well-being mechanism and reported findings contradictory to the social embodiment mechanism. Higher temperatures predicted lower interpersonal trust and subsequently lower civic engagement. The unexpected finding hinted at a cognitive effect of heat and a compensatory mechanism in social thermoregulation. We discussed the findings regarding their methodological strengths and weaknesses, with cautions made on ecological fallacies and alternative models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Kin Shing Ng
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Sing-Hang Cheung
- Department of Psychology, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China
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20
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Wagatsuma K. Association of Ambient Temperature and Absolute Humidity with the Effective Reproduction Number of COVID-19 in Japan. Pathogens 2023; 12:1307. [PMID: 38003771 PMCID: PMC10675148 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12111307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 10/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to quantify the exposure-lag-response relationship between short-term changes in ambient temperature and absolute humidity and the transmission dynamics of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in Japan. The prefecture-specific daily time-series of newly confirmed cases, meteorological variables, retail and recreation mobility, and Government Stringency Index were collected for all 47 prefectures of Japan for the study period from 15 February 2020 to 15 October 2022. Generalized conditional Gamma regression models were formulated with distributed lag nonlinear models by adopting the case-time-series design to assess the independent and interactive effects of ambient temperature and absolute humidity on the relative risk (RR) of the time-varying effective reproductive number (Rt). With reference to 17.8 °C, the corresponding cumulative RRs (95% confidence interval) at a mean ambient temperatures of 5.1 °C and 27.9 °C were 1.027 (1.016-1.038) and 0.982 (0.974-0.989), respectively, whereas those at an absolute humidity of 4.2 m/g3 and 20.6 m/g3 were 1.026 (1.017-1.036) and 0.995 (0.985-1.006), respectively, with reference to 10.6 m/g3. Both extremely hot and humid conditions synergistically and slightly reduced the Rt. Our findings provide a better understanding of how meteorological drivers shape the complex heterogeneous dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 in Japan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keita Wagatsuma
- Division of International Health (Public Health), Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan; ; Tel.: +81-25-227-2129
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
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21
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Kinmonth-Schultz H, Sønstebø JH, Croneberger AJ, Johnsen SS, Leder E, Lewandowska-Sabat A, Imaizumi T, Rognli OA, Vinje H, Ward JK, Fjellheim S. Responsiveness to long days for flowering is reduced in Arabidopsis by yearly variation in growing season temperatures. Plant Cell Environ 2023; 46:3337-3352. [PMID: 37249162 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Conservative flowering behaviours, such as flowering during long days in summer or late flowering at a high leaf number, are often proposed to protect against variable winter and spring temperatures which lead to frost damage if premature flowering occurs. Yet, due the many factors in natural environments relative to the number of individuals compared, assessing which climate characteristics drive these flowering traits has been difficult. We applied a multidisciplinary approach to 10 winter-annual Arabidopsis thaliana populations from a wide climactic gradient in Norway. We used a variable reduction strategy to assess which of 100 climate descriptors from their home sites correlated most to their flowering behaviours when tested for responsiveness to photoperiod after saturation of vernalization; then, assessed sequence variation of 19 known environmental-response flowering genes. Photoperiod responsiveness inversely correlated with interannual variation in timing of growing season onset. Time to flowering appeared driven by growing season length, curtailed by cold fall temperatures. The distribution of FLM, TFL2 and HOS1 haplotypes, genes involved in ambient temperature response, correlated with growing-season climate. We show that long-day responsiveness and late flowering may be driven not by risk of spring frosts, but by growing season temperature and length, perhaps to opportunistically maximize growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannah Kinmonth-Schultz
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas, USA
- Department of Biology, Tennessee Technological University, Cookeville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Jørn H Sønstebø
- Faculty of Technology, Natural Sciences and Maritime Sciences, University of South-Eastern Norway, Notodden, Norway
| | | | - Sylvia S Johnsen
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas, Norway
| | - Erica Leder
- Department of Marine Science, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | - Takato Imaizumi
- Department of Biology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | - Odd Arne Rognli
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas, Norway
| | - Hilde Vinje
- Faculty of Chemistry, Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas, Norway
| | - Joy K Ward
- College of Arts and Science, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Siri Fjellheim
- Faculty of Biosciences, Norwegian University of Life Sciences, Aas, Norway
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22
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Rogers A, Ho G, Mosa A, Cartotto R. Ambient Room Temperatures in a Burn Intensive Care Unit-A Quality Improvement Project. Plast Surg (Oakv) 2023; 31:358-365. [PMID: 37915353 PMCID: PMC10617462 DOI: 10.1177/22925503221078689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Patients with major burn injuries are particularly susceptible to hypothermia. The ability to maintain and rapidly increase ambient temperatures may reduce the impact of hypothermia and the hypermetabolic response. The purpose of this study was to determine ambient patient room temperatures in a burn intensive care unit (ICU) and to evaluate our ability to adjust these temperatures. Methods: The ambient temperatures of 9 burn ICU patient rooms were recorded hourly over a 6-month period in an American Burn Association-verified burn centre. Temperatures were recorded using wall-mounted smart sensors, transmitted to a mobile smartphone application via Bluetooth, and then exported to Excel for analysis. On 2 predetermined dates, thermostats in all rooms were simultaneously set to maximum, and monitored over 3 h. This represented a sound change initiative, and replicated a medical order to increase the ambient temperature during critical stages of patient care. Results: We recorded 4394 individual hourly temperature measurements for each of the 9 rooms. The mean ambient temperature was 23.5 ± 0.3 °C (range 22.8-24). After intervention 1, ambient temperatures increased <2 °C in 7 rooms and by only 2 °C-3 °C in the other 2 rooms. The overall mean increase in temperature over 3 h across all rooms was 1.03 °C ± 1.19 °C (range -0.88 to 3.26). Following intervention 2, temperatures could be increased by ≥2 °C in only 2 rooms with an overall mean increase in temperature of only 0.76 °C ± 0.99 °C (range -0.29 to 2.43) across all rooms. Conclusions: The burn ICU rooms were relatively cool and our ability locally to adjust ambient temperatures quickly was limited. Burn centres should have regular facility assessments to assess whether ambient temperatures can be adjusted expeditiously when required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alan Rogers
- Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - George Ho
- Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Adam Mosa
- Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Robert Cartotto
- Ross Tilley Burn Centre, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada
- Department of Surgery, Division of Plastic, Reconstructive & Aesthetic Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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23
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Wang H, Zhang S, Wu X, Wen Y, Li Z, Wu Y. Emission Measurements on a Large Sample of Heavy-Duty Diesel Trucks in China by Using Mobile Plume Chasing. Environ Sci Technol 2023; 57:15153-15161. [PMID: 37750423 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c03028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Real-world heavy-duty diesel trucks (HDTs) were found to emit far more excess nitrogen oxides (NOX) and black carbon (BC) pollutants than regulation limits. It is essential to systematically evaluate on-road NOX and BC emission levels for mitigating HDT emissions. This study launched 2109 plume chasing campaigns for NOX and BC emissions of HDTs across several regions in China from 2017 to 2020. It was found that NOX emissions had limited reductions from China III to China V, while BC emissions of HDTs exhibited high reductions with stricter emission standard implementation. This paper showed that previous studies underestimated 18% of NOX emissions in China in 2019 and nearly half of the real-world NOX emissions from HDTs (determined by updating the emission trends of HDTs) exceeded the regulation limits. Furthermore, the ambient temperature was identified as a primary driver of NOX emissions for HDTs, and the low-temperature penalty has caused a 9-29% increase in NOX emissions in winter in major regions of China. These results would provide important data support for the precise control of the NOX and BC emissions from HDTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Shaojun Zhang
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Ambient Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, PR China
- Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaomeng Wu
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Yifan Wen
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Zhenhua Li
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
| | - Ye Wu
- School of Environment, State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, PR China
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Sources and Control of Ambient Pollution Complex, Beijing 100084, PR China
- Beijing Laboratory of Environmental Frontier Technologies, School of Environment, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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24
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Ruan T, Yue Y, Lu W, Zhou R, Xiong T, Jiang Y, Ying J, Tang J, Shi J, Wang H, Xiao G, Li J, Qu Y, Mu D. Association between low ambient temperature during pregnancy and adverse birth outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Chin Med J (Engl) 2023; 136:2307-2315. [PMID: 36805588 PMCID: PMC10538931 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000002361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Extreme temperature events, including extreme cold, are becoming more frequent worldwide, which might be harmful to pregnant women and cause adverse birth outcomes. We aimed to investigate the association between exposure to low ambient temperature in pregnant women and adverse birth outcomes, such as preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth, and to summarize the evidence herein. METHODS Relevant studies were searched in PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase electronic databases until November 2021. Studies involving low ambient temperature, preterm birth, birth weight, and stillbirth were included. The guidelines of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses were followed to conduct this study risk of bias and methods for data synthesis. RESULTS A total of 34 studies were included. First, pregnant women exposed to low ambient temperature had an increased risk of preterm birth (risk ratio [RR] 1.08; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.04-1.13). Subgroup analyses revealed that exposure during late pregnancy was more likely to induce preterm birth. In addition, only pregnant women exposed to <1st percentile of the mean temperature suffered increased risk of preterm birth. Moreover, pregnant women living in medium or hot areas were more prone to have preterm births than those in cold areas when exposed to low ambient temperatures. Asians and Blacks were more susceptible to low ambient temperatures than Caucasians. Second, pregnant women exposed to low ambient temperature had an increased risk of low birth weight (RR 1.07; 95% CI 1.03-1.12). Third, pregnant women had an increased risk of stillbirth while exposed to low ambient temperature during the entire pregnancy (RR 4.63; 95% CI 3.99-5.38). CONCLUSIONS Exposure to low ambient temperature during pregnancy increases the risk of adverse birth outcomes. Pregnant women should avoid exposure to extremely low ambient temperature (<1st percentile of the mean temperature), especially in their late pregnancy. This study could provide clues for preventing adverse outcomes from meteorological factors. REGISTRATION No. CRD42021259776 at PROSPERO ( https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiechao Ruan
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yan Yue
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Wenting Lu
- Department of General Practice, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Ruixi Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Tao Xiong
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yin Jiang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Junjie Ying
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jun Tang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jing Shi
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Guoguang Xiao
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Jinhui Li
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Yi Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Dezhi Mu
- Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
- Key Laboratory of Obstetrics and Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of the Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
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25
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Du R, Jiao W, Ma J, Zhou Q, Liang ZS, Sun S, Ahmed OG, Rowan NR, Pinto JM, Ramanathan M, Zhang Z. Association between ambient temperature and chronic rhinosinusitis. Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2023; 13:1906-1914. [PMID: 36897288 DOI: 10.1002/alr.23152] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/20/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic exposure to particulate matter air pollution (PM2.5 ) is associated with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). Elevated ambient temperature may increase PM2.5 levels and thereby exacerbate sinonasal symptoms. This study investigates the association between high ambient temperature and the risk of CRS diagnosis. METHODS Patients with CRS were diagnosed at Johns Hopkins hospitals from May to October 2013-2022, and controls were matched patients without CRS meanwhile. A total of 4752 patients (2376 cases and 2376 controls) were identified with a mean (SD) age of 51.8 (16.8) years. The effect of maximum ambient temperature on symptoms was estimated with a distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM). Extreme heat was defined as 35.0°C (95th percentile of the maximum temperature distribution). Conditional logistic regression models estimated the association between extreme heat and the risk of CRS diagnosis. RESULTS Exposure to extreme heat was associated with increased odds of exacerbation of CRS symptoms (odds ratio [OR] 1.11, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.03-1.19). The cumulative effect of extreme heat during 0-21 lag days was significant (OR 2.37, 95% CI 1.60-3.50) compared with the minimum morbidity temperature (MMT) at 25.3°C. Associations were more pronounced among young and middle-aged patients and patients with abnormal weight. CONCLUSIONS We found that short-term exposure to high ambient temperature is associated with increased CRS diagnosis, suggesting a cascading effect of meteorological phenomena. These results highlight climate change's potentially deleterious health effects on upper airway diseases, which could have a significant public health impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runming Du
- Department of Global Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Wangteng Jiao
- Department of Global Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Junxiong Ma
- Department of Global Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Qinfeng Zhou
- Department of Global Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Zhi-Sheng Liang
- Department of Global Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
| | - Shengzhi Sun
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Omar G Ahmed
- Division of Rhinology, Sinus, Sleep & Skull Base Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - Nicholas R Rowan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jayant M Pinto
- Section of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Murugappan Ramanathan
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Zhenyu Zhang
- Department of Global Health, Peking University School of Public Health, Beijing, China
- Institute for Global Health and Development, Peking University, Beijing, China
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26
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Mazdeyasna S, Ghassemi P, Wang Q. Best Practices for Body Temperature Measurement with Infrared Thermography: External Factors Affecting Accuracy. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 23:8011. [PMID: 37766064 PMCID: PMC10536210 DOI: 10.3390/s23188011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Infrared thermographs (IRTs) are commonly used during disease pandemics to screen individuals with elevated body temperature (EBT). To address the limited research on external factors affecting IRT accuracy, we conducted benchtop measurements and computer simulations with two IRTs, with or without an external temperature reference source (ETRS) for temperature compensation. The combination of an IRT and an ETRS forms a screening thermograph (ST). We investigated the effects of viewing angle (θ, 0-75°), ETRS set temperature (TETRS, 30-40 °C), ambient temperature (Tatm, 18-32 °C), relative humidity (RH, 15-80%), and working distance (d, 0.4-2.8 m). We discovered that STs exhibited higher accuracy compared to IRTs alone. Across the tested ranges of Tatm and RH, both IRTs exhibited absolute measurement errors of less than 0.97 °C, while both STs maintained absolute measurement errors of less than 0.12 °C. The optimal TETRS for EBT detection was 36-37 °C. When θ was below 30°, the two STs underestimated calibration source (CS) temperature (TCS) of less than 0.05 °C. The computer simulations showed absolute temperature differences of up to 0.28 °C and 0.04 °C between estimated and theoretical temperatures for IRTs and STs, respectively, considering d of 0.2-3.0 m, Tatm of 15-35 °C, and RH of 5-95%. The results highlight the importance of precise calibration and environmental control for reliable temperature readings and suggest proper ranges for these factors, aiming to enhance current standard documents and best practice guidelines. These insights enhance our understanding of IRT performance and their sensitivity to various factors, thereby facilitating the development of best practices for accurate EBT measurement.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Quanzeng Wang
- Center for Devices and Radiological Health, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, MD 20993, USA; (S.M.); (P.G.)
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27
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Yang W, Wu QQ, Yang L, Chen YJ, Jiang RQ, Zou L, Liu QS, Shi GY, Cao J, Yang XC, Sun J. Awake rabbit model of ischemic spinal cord injury with delayed paraplegia: The role of ambient temperature. Animal Model Exp Med 2023. [PMID: 37697489 DOI: 10.1002/ame2.12346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/13/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paraplegia after spinal cord ischemia is a devastating condition in the clinic. Here, we develop an awake rabbit model of spinal cord ischemia with delayed paraplegia and explore the influence of ambient temperature on the outcomes after injury. METHODS A total of 47 male rabbits were involved in the present study. Transient spinal cord ischemia was induced by occluding the infrarenal abdominal aorta of awake rabbits at different ambient temperatures. To find the optimal conditions for developing delayed paraplegia, hindlimb motor function after ischemia was evaluated between experiments. RESULTS The onset and magnitude of ischemic injury varied with the ambient temperature maintained during the peri-ischemia period. More serious spinal cord injury occurred when ischemia was induced at higher temperatures. At 18°C, 25-minute ischemia resulted in 74% of rabbits developing delayed paraplegia. At a temperature of 28°C or higher, most of the animals developed acute paraplegia immediately. While at 13°C, rabbits usually regained normal motor function without paraplegia. CONCLUSION This awake rabbit model is highly reproducible and will be helpful in future studies of delayed paraplegia after spinal cord ischemia. The ambient temperature must be considered while using this model during investigation of therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wang Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Army Health Service Training Base, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qian-Qian Wu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lu Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu-Jie Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ren-Qing Jiang
- Army Health Service Training Base, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Ling Zou
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Qing-Shan Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Guang-You Shi
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiang Cao
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiao-Chao Yang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Jian Sun
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Medical Imaging, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
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Kuo CC, Gurumurthy N, Huang SH. Effects of Ambient Temperature on the Mechanical Properties of Frictionally Welded Components of Polycarbonate and Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Dissimilar Polymer Rods. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3637. [PMID: 37688263 PMCID: PMC10490424 DOI: 10.3390/polym15173637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Rotary friction welding (RFW) has no electric arc and the energy consumption during welding can be reduced as compared with conventional arc welding since it is a solid-phase welding process. The RFW is a sustainable manufacturing process because it provides low environmental pollution and energy consumption. However, few works focus on the reliability of dissimilar polymer rods fabricated via RFW. The reliability of the frictionally welded components is also related to the ambient temperatures. This work aims to investigate the effects of ambient temperature on the mechanical properties of frictionally welded components of polycarbonate (PC) and acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) dissimilar polymer rods. It was found that the heat-affected zone width increases with increasing rotational speeds due to peak welding temperature. The Shore A surface hardness of ABS/PC weld joint does not change with the increased rotational speeds. The Shore A surface hardness in the weld joint of RFW of the ABS/PC is about Shore A 70. The bending strength was increased by about 53% when the welded parts were placed at 60-70 °C compared with bending strength at room temperature. The remarkable finding is that the bending fracture position of the weldment occurs on the ABS side. It should be pointed out that the bending strength can be determined by the placed ambient temperature according to the proposed prediction equation. The impact energy was decreased by about 33% when the welded parts were placed at 65-70 °C compared with the impact energy at room temperature. The impact energy (y) can be determined by the placed ambient temperature according to the proposed prediction equation. The peak temperature in the weld interface can be predicted by the rotational speed based on the proposed equation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chil-Chyuan Kuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, No. 84, Gungjuan Road, Taishan District, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
- Research Center for Intelligent Medical Devices, Ming Chi University of Technology, No. 84, Gungjuan Road, Taishan District, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Chang Gung University, No. 259, Wenhua 1st Road, Guishan District, Taoyuan City 33302, Taiwan
- Center of Reliability Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, No. 84, Gungjuan Road, Taishan District, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
| | - Naruboyana Gurumurthy
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ming Chi University of Technology, No. 84, Gungjuan Road, Taishan District, New Taipei City 24301, Taiwan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Presidency University, Rajankunte, Near Yelhanka, Bangalore 700073, India
| | - Song-Hua Huang
- Li-Yin Technology Co., Ltd., No. 37, Lane 151, Section 1, Zhongxing Road, Wugu District, New Taipei City 24101, Taiwan
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Wertis L, Sugg MM, Runkle JD, Rao D. Socio-Environmental Determinants of Mental and Behavioral Disorders in Youth: A Machine Learning Approach. Geohealth 2023; 7:e2023GH000839. [PMID: 37711362 PMCID: PMC10499369 DOI: 10.1029/2023gh000839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023]
Abstract
Growing evidence indicates that extreme environmental conditions in summer months have an adverse impact on mental and behavioral disorders (MBD), but there is limited research looking at youth populations. The objective of this study was to apply machine learning approaches to identify key variables that predict MBD-related emergency room (ER) visits in youths in select North Carolina cities among adolescent populations. Daily MBD-related ER visits, which totaled over 42,000 records, were paired with daily environmental conditions, as well as sociodemographic variables to determine if certain conditions lead to higher vulnerability to exacerbated mental health disorders. Four machine learning models (i.e., generalized linear model, generalized additive model, extreme gradient boosting, random forest) were used to assess the predictive performance of multiple environmental and sociodemographic variables on MBD-related ER visits for all cities. The best-performing machine learning model was then applied to each of the six individual cities. As a subanalysis, a distributed lag nonlinear model was used to confirm results. In the all cities scenario, sociodemographic variables contributed the greatest to the overall MBD prediction. In the individual cities scenario, four cities had a 24-hr difference in the maximum temperature, and two of the cities had a 24-hr difference in the minimum temperature, maximum temperature, or Normalized Difference Vegetation Index as a leading predictor of MBD ER visits. Results can inform the use of machine learning models for predicting MBD during high-temperature events and identify variables that affect youth MBD responses during these events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Wertis
- Department of Geography and PlanningAppalachian State UniversityBooneNCUSA
| | - Margaret M. Sugg
- Department of Geography and PlanningAppalachian State UniversityBooneNCUSA
| | | | - Douglas Rao
- NC Institute for Climate StudiesNC State UniversityRaleighNCUSA
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Qiu J, Liang Z, Yi J, Xie L, Xiang Q, Luo X, Zhao Q. Extreme temperature exposure increases the risk of preterm birth in women with abnormal pre-pregnancy body mass index: a cohort study in a southern province of China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1156880. [PMID: 37575095 PMCID: PMC10421663 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1156880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 08/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Prior literature has found that extreme temperature exposure is associated with preterm birth (PTB). However, current evidence provides heterogeneous conclusions, and data on extreme cold and across different pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI) statuses are limited. Methods We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort of 251,257 women between 2014 and 2017 in Guangdong, China, to evaluate whether the association between extreme temperature exposure and PTB varied in pre-pregnancy BMI status. Participants were divided into three categories based on pre-pregnancy BMI: underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2), normal weight (18.5-23.9 kg/m2), overweight or obesity (≥ 24.0 kg/m2). We fitted Cox proportional hazards models to assess the association between daily mean temperature and PTB at each trimester for each BMI category separately. The hazard ratios (HRs) at the 5th and 95th percentiles of temperature (defined as low and high temperatures respectively) were provided using the median temperature at each trimester as a reference. Results 58,220 (23.2%) were underweight, and 27,865 (11.1%) were overweight or obese. Of the 251,257 women, 18,612 (7.41%) had PTB delivery. Both low-and high-temperature exposure increased the risk of PTB in the third trimester, while cold exposure mostly mitigated the risk for the first and second trimesters. The association with low temperature was the strongest in the third trimester, especially for underweight women (HR: 1.825; 95%CI: 1.529 ~ 2.179), while the association with high temperature was the strongest also in the third trimester, especially for obese or overweight women (HR:1.825; 95%CI:1.502 ~ 2.218). Furthermore, the attributable fractions of PTB risk in the third trimester were estimated as 5.59% (95% CI: 3.58, 7.98%) for cold exposure among underweight women and 3.31% (95% CI: 2.01, 4.88%) for hot exposure among overweight or obese women. Conclusion Exposure to either low temperature in the third trimester or high temperature during pregnancy was associated with a higher risk of PTB. Moreover, pre-pregnancy BMI status might affect the susceptibility of pregnant women. Such findings would be useful to develop targeted measures for vulnerable populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Qiu
- Department of Public Health, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhijiang Liang
- Department of Public Health, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jing Yi
- Department of Obstetrics, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lulu Xie
- Department of Pediatric, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qianqian Xiang
- Department of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, School of Medicine, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianqiong Luo
- Department of Pediatric, Guangdong Women and Children Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qingguo Zhao
- Epidemiological Research Office of Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics, Family Planning Research Institute of Guangdong Province, Guangzhou, China
- Epidemiological Research Office of Key Laboratory of Male Reproduction and Genetics (National Health and Family Planning Commission), Guangdong Province Fertility Hospital, Guangzhou, China
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Lin J, Yang Y, Nuermaimaiti A, Ye T, Liu J, Zhang Z, Chen Y, Li Q, Wu C, Liu B, Xu R, Xia Y, Xiang J. Impact of ambient temperature on adverse pregnancy outcomes: a birth cohort study in Fuzhou, China. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1183129. [PMID: 37483924 PMCID: PMC10359494 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1183129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have identified a series of specific adverse pregnancy outcomes (APOs) linked with temperature extremes. Most of them focus on preterm birth, low birth weight, and stillbirth. Other possible adverse outcomes were under-researched. This study aimed to investigate the impact of ambient temperature on maternal complications, white blood cell count (WBC), newborn hearing, and neonatal jaundice. Methods A total of 418 participants were recruited from Fuzhou Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital in 2016. Participants were invited to fill out a structured questionnaire. The gridded near-surface air temperatures at a resolution of 0.1°* 0.1° for Fuzhou were extracted from a published dataset. Meteorological data and PM2.5 were extracted based on participants' residential addresses using R packages "ncdf4" and "raster." Multivariate logistic regression models were used to quantify the effects of ambient temperature on APOs after controlling for confounders. Results Overall, there were 107 APOs, accounting for 25.6% of all participants. Every 1°C increase in mean temperature was associated with a 10.0% increase in APOs (aOR = 1.100, 95%CI 1.006-1.203) during the period of early pregnancy. However, negative associations were observed in the middle pregnancy period, and a 1°C increase in mean temperature was associated 8.8% decrease in APOs (aOR = 0.912, 95%CI 0.846-0.982). Diurnal temperature variation had a significant impact on APOs in the third trimester. Infant jaundice was negatively associated with temperature exposure in the middle and late pregnancy periods. The risk of neonatal jaundice increased at lag weeks 2-9 in the first trimester, with the greatest lagged effect (aOR = 1.201, 95%CI 1.020-1.413) observed at lag week 3. A 1°C increase in mean temperature led to a 29.6% (aOR = 1.296, 95%CI 1.019-1.649) increase in high WBC. A 1°C increase in temperature variation was associated with more than two times (aOR = 2.469, 95%CI 1.001-6.089) increase of high WBC in the first trimester and about five times (aOR = 4.724, 95%CI 1.548-14.409) increase in the third trimester. Conclusion Ambient temperature affects neonatal jaundice, newborn hearing loss, and infections during pregnancy. In addition to the identified epidemiologic link and susceptible exposure windows, there is a need to understand the underlying biological mechanisms for better recommendations for climate change adaptation policies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Lin
- Fujian Center for Prevention and Control of Occupational Diseases and Chemical Poisoning, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yan Yang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Ayinasaer Nuermaimaiti
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Tingting Ye
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Jingwen Liu
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Zitong Zhang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yifeng Chen
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Qingyu Li
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Chuancheng Wu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Baoying Liu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Rongxian Xu
- Department of Nutrition and Food Safety, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Yong Xia
- Fuzhou Maternity and Child Health Care Hospital, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
| | - Jianjun Xiang
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, Fujian, China
- School of Public Health, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia
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Zeng Y, Li W, Zhao M, Li J, Liu X, Shi L, Yang X, Xia H, Yang S, Yang L. The association between ambient temperature and antimicrobial resistance of Klebsiella pneumoniae in China: a difference-in-differences analysis. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1158762. [PMID: 37361142 PMCID: PMC10285064 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1158762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of Klebsiella pneumoniae (K. pneumoniae) poses a significant global public health threat and is responsible for a high prevalence of infections and mortality. However, knowledge about how ambient temperature influences the AMR of K. pneumoniae is limited in the context of global warming. Methods AMR data of 31 Chinese provinces was collected from the China Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (CARSS) between 2014 and 2020. Socioeconomic and meteorological data were collected from the China Statistical Yearbook during the same period. A modified difference-in-differences (DID) approach was applied to estimate the association between ambient temperature and third-generation cephalosporin-resistant K. pneumoniae (3GCRKP) and carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae (CRKP). Furthermore, moderating effects of socioeconomic factors were also evaluated. Results Every 1°C increase in annual average temperature was associated with a 4.7% (relative risk (RR):1.047, 95% confidence intervals (CI): 1.031-1.082) increase in the detection rate of 3GCRKP, and a 10.7% (RR:1.107, 95% CI: 1.011-1.211) increase in the detection rate of CRKP. The relationships between ambient temperature and 3GCRKP and CRKP were found to be moderated by socioeconomic status (GDP per capita, income per capita, and consumption per capita; the interaction p-values <0.05), where higher economic status was found to strengthen the effects of temperature on the detection rate of 3GCRKP and weaken the effects on the detection rate of CRKP. Discussion Ambient temperature was found to be positively associated with AMR of K. pneumoniae, and this association was moderated by socioeconomic status. Policymakers should consider the impact of global warming and high temperatures on the spread of 3GCRKP and CRKP when developing strategies for the containment of AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingchao Zeng
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weibin Li
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Manzhi Zhao
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Infectious Disease, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Zhuhai, China
| | - Lin Shi
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinyi Yang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haohai Xia
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shifang Yang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People’s Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University. Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Lianping Yang
- School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
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Huang M, Strickland MJ, Richards M, Warren JL, Chang HH, Darrow LA. Confounding by Conception Seasonality in Studies of Temperature and Preterm Birth: A Simulation Study. Epidemiology 2023; 34:439-449. [PMID: 36719763 PMCID: PMC10993929 DOI: 10.1097/ede.0000000000001588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Seasonal patterns of conception may confound acute associations between birth outcomes and seasonally varying exposures. We aim to evaluate four epidemiologic designs (time-stratified case-crossover, time-series, pair-matched case-control, and time-to-event) commonly used to study acute associations between ambient temperature and preterm births. METHODS We conducted simulations assuming no effect of temperature on preterm birth. We generated pseudo-birth data from the observed seasonal patterns of birth in the United States and analyzed them in relation to observed temperatures using design-specific seasonality adjustments. RESULTS Using the case-crossover approach (time-stratified by calendar month), we observed a bias (among 1,000 replicates) = 0.016 (Monte-Carlo standard error 95% CI: 0.015-0.018) in the regression coefficient for every 10°C increase in mean temperature in the warm season (May-September). Unbiased estimates obtained using the time-series approach required accounting for both the pregnancies-at-risk and their weighted probability of birth. Notably, adding the daily weighted probability of birth from the time-series models to the case-crossover models corrected the bias in the case-crossover approach. In the pair-matched case-control design, where the exposure period was matched on gestational window, we observed no bias. The time-to-event approach was also unbiased but was more computationally intensive than others. CONCLUSIONS Most designs can be implemented in a way that yields estimates unbiased by conception seasonality. The time-stratified case-crossover design exhibited a small positive bias, which could contribute to, but not fully explain, previously reported associations.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Howard H. Chang
- Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA
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Matthäus L, Kugelschafter K, Fietz J. Influence of ambient temperature on the phenology of the greater mouse-eared bat ( Myotis myotis). Ecol Evol 2023; 13:e10081. [PMID: 37214612 PMCID: PMC10196220 DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to assess the consequences of climate change and evaluate its impacts on wildlife, it is essential to do so on a species-specific level. It is assumed that changes in the ambient temperature influence energy consumption as well as food availability and thus foraging behavior, reproduction, survival, and therefore population dynamics in bats. Based on this assumption, the present study aims to gain insights into the roosting and breeding behavior of the greater mouse-eared bat (Myotis myotis) in relation to changes of the ambient temperature. For this purpose, we investigated the effect of ambient temperature on the phenology of the greater mouse-eared bat by using activity data of the bats collected using light barriers at the maternity roosts. The light barrier used in this study is a system that detects the interruption of two light beams, for example, by a flying bat, and displays it as an electrical signal. The investigations have shown that the higher the winter temperatures, the earlier the greater mouse-eared bats returned to the roosts to form the maternity colony; however, this was only true for ambient temperatures below 0.5°C,birth season started earlier at higher spring temperatures,the dissolution of maternity roosts occurred earlier with earlier birth season and at higher ambient temperatures during lactation. The results revealed that ambient temperature has an influence on the phenology of the greater mouse-eared bat. Depending on the respective life history stage, an increase in ambient temperature can have a positive or negative effect on the fitness of the animals. In recent years, mild winters have been recorded more frequently, which can have an influence on the behavior of bats. Warm winters within certain limits seem to lead to an earlier formation of the maternity colony, which can be positive or negative for the bats depending on persistent weather conditions and thus insect availability. In the course of climate change, we can also expect earlier spring events and an increase in spring temperature, as well as hot spells in summer. These warm springs and summers seem to lead to an earlier beginning of births, a faster development of the juveniles and an earlier dissolution of the maternity roost. An advance of reproductive activities can be assumed to increase the chance to survive the following winter in both mothers and their young, as they have more time to build up sufficient energy reserves for hibernation before winter starts. Due to the climatic changes, phenological changes of the bats be expected. This study highlights that in order to understand the impact of climate change on biodiversity, it is necessary to investigate in detail effects on a species-specific level and also to consider direct and indirect effects of ambient temperature on different life history stages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Matthäus
- Institute of BiologyUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
| | | | - Joanna Fietz
- Institute of BiologyUniversity of HohenheimStuttgartGermany
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Tseng CN, Chen DY, Chang SH, Huang WK, Hsieh MJ, See LC. Ambient Temperature Effect on Acute Myocardial Infarction by Risk Factors: Daily Data From 2000 to 2017, Taiwan. JACC Asia 2023; 3:228-238. [PMID: 37181401 PMCID: PMC10167509 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacasi.2022.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Background A U-shaped relationship between temperature and acute myocardial infarction (AMI) was observed, but the risk factors were rarely included. Objectives The authors sought to examine AMI's cold and heat exposure after considering their risk groups. Methods Daily data on ambient temperature, newly diagnosed AMI, and 6 known risk factors of AMI for the Taiwan population from 2000 to 2017 were created by linking 3 Taiwan national databases. Hierarchical clustering analysis was performed. Poisson regression was performed on the AMI rate with the clusters along with the daily minimum temperature in cold months (November-March) and the daily maximum temperature in hot months (April-October). Results There were 319,737 patients with new-onset AMI over 109.13 billion person-days, corresponding to the incidence rate of 107.02 per 100,000 person-years (95% CI: 106.64-107.39 person-years). Hierarchical clustering analysis identified 3 distinct clusters (1: age <50 years, 2: age ≥50 years without hypertension, and 3: mainly age ≥50 years with hypertension) with AMI incidence rates of 16.04, 105.13, and 388.17 per 100,000 person-years, respectively. Poisson regression revealed that below 15 °C, cluster 3 had the highest risk of AMI per 1°C reduce in temperature (slope = 1.011) compared with clusters 1 (slope = 0.974) and 2 (slope = 1.009). However, above the 32 °C thresholds, cluster 1 had the highest risk of AMI per 1 °C increase in temperature (slope = 1.036) compared with clusters 2 (slope = 1.02) and 3 (slope = 1.025). Cross validation showed a good fit for the model. Conclusions People ≥50 years of age with hypertension are more susceptible to cold-related AMI. However, heat-related AMI is more prominent in individuals <50 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Nan Tseng
- Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Dong-Yi Chen
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hao Chang
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Wen-Kuan Huang
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jer Hsieh
- Department of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
| | - Lai-Chu See
- Department of Public Health, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Biostatistics Core Laboratory, Molecular Medicine Research Center, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
- Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taoyuan City, Taiwan
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Lowry MT, Mills NL, Kimenai DM. Ambient Temperature and Myocardial Infarction: Who Is at Risk? JACC Asia 2023; 3:239-241. [PMID: 37181393 PMCID: PMC10167505 DOI: 10.1016/j.jacasi.2022.12.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T.H. Lowry
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Nicholas L. Mills
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
- Usher Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Dorien M. Kimenai
- British Heart Foundation Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Revelo Hernández DC, Baldwin JW, Londoño GA. Ecological drivers and consequences of torpor in Andean hummingbirds. Proc Biol Sci 2023; 290:20222099. [PMID: 36919431 PMCID: PMC10015325 DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.2099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Daily torpor allows endotherms to save energy during energetically stressful (e.g. cold) conditions. Although studies on avian torpor have mostly been conducted under laboratory conditions, information on the usage of torpor in the wild is limited to few, predominantly temperate-zone species. We studied torpor under seminatural conditions from 249 individuals from 29 hummingbird species across a 1920 m elevational gradient in the western Andes of Colombia using cloacal thermistors. Small birds were more likely to use torpor than large birds, but only at low ambient temperatures, where torpor was prolonged. We also found effects of proxy variables for body condition and energy expenditure on the use of torpor, its characteristics, and impacts. Our results suggest that context-dependency and phylogenetic variation in the probability of deploying torpor can help understand clade-wide patterns of elevational distribution in Andean hummingbirds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Justin W. Baldwin
- Department of Biology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Gustavo A. Londoño
- Universidad Icesi, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Departamento de Ciencias Biológicas, Calle 18 No. 122-135, Cali, Colombia
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Huang YC, Wang YT, Choong YC, Huang HY, Chen YR, Hsieh TF, Lin YR. How ambient temperature affects the heading date of foxtail millet ( Setaria italica). Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1147756. [PMID: 36938030 PMCID: PMC10018198 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1147756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica), a short-day plant, is one of the important crops for food security encountering climate change, particularly in regions where it is a staple food. Under the short-day condition in Taiwan, the heading dates (HDs) of foxtail millet accessions varied by genotypes and ambient temperature (AT). The allelic polymorphisms in flowering time (FT)-related genes were associated with HD variations. AT, in the range of 13°C-30°C that was based on field studies at three different latitudes in Taiwan and observations in the phytotron at four different AT regimes, was positively correlated with growth rate, and high AT promoted HD. To elucidate the molecular mechanism of foxtail millet HD, the expression of 14 key FT-related genes in four accessions at different ATs was assessed. We found that the expression levels of SiPRR95, SiPRR1, SiPRR59, SiGhd7-2, SiPHYB, and SiGhd7 were negatively correlated with AT, whereas the expression levels of SiEhd1, SiFT11, and SiCO4 were positively correlated with AT. Furthermore, the expression levels of SiGhd7-2, SiEhd1, SiFT, and SiFT11 were significantly associated with HD. A coexpression regulatory network was identified that shown genes involved in the circadian clock, light and temperature signaling, and regulation of flowering, but not those involved in photoperiod pathway, interacted and were influenced by AT. The results reveal how gene × temperature and gene × gene interactions affect the HD in foxtail millet and could serve as a foundation for breeding foxtail millet cultivars for shift production to increase yield in response to global warming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Chen Huang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-tang Wang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yee-ching Choong
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-ya Huang
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-ru Chen
- Crop Science Division, Taiwan Agricultural Research Institute, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Tzung-Fu Hsieh
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, United States
- Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC, United States
| | - Yann-rong Lin
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Headquarters, World Vegetable Center, Tainan, Taiwan
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Wu Y, Liang M, Liang Q, Yang X, Sun Y. A distributed lag non-linear time-series study of ambient temperature and healthcare-associated infections in Hefei, China. Int J Environ Health Res 2023; 33:258-267. [PMID: 34915779 DOI: 10.1080/09603123.2021.2017862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Little is known about the effects of temperature on healthcare-associated infections (HAIs). A distributed lag non-linear model was used to estimate the association between ambient temperature and HAIs in Hefei, China. In total, 9,592 HAIs were included. The effect of low temperature (-0.1°C, 2.5th percentile) was significant on the current day (RR = 1.108, 95%CI:1.003-1.222), and then appeared on the 4th day (RR = 1.045, 95%CI:1.007-1.084) and the 5th day (RR = 1.033, 95%CI:1.006-1.061). The cumulative lag effects of low temperature lasted from the 5th to 10th days (RR = 1.123-1.143), and a long-term cumulative lag effect was observed on the 14th day (RR = 1.157, 95%CI:1.001-1.338). The lag effect of high temperature (31.0°C, 97.5th percentile) was not statistically significant. However, the effects of temperatures on HAIs were not significant among gender or age subgroups. This study suggests that the low temperatures have acute and lag effects on HAIs in Hefei, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yile Wu
- Department of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Mingming Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Qiwei Liang
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Department of Hospital infection Prevention and Control, Children's Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiyao Yang
- Department of Hospital Infection Prevention and Control, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Yehuan Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
- Center for Evidence-Based Practice, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China
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Qi Y, Xue H, Xu J, Wu M, Chen L, Xu L. Effect of PACAP/PAC1R on Follicle Development of Djungarian Hamster (Phodopus sungorus) with the Variation of Ambient Temperatures. Biology (Basel) 2023; 12. [PMID: 36829590 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023]
Abstract
In Phodopus sungorus, the relationship between pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) and its receptor (PAC1R), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and follicle development remains unclear. In this study, we found that the development of growing follicles and antral follicles were inhibited at low (8 °C, 14 °C) and high (29 °C) temperatures. Meanwhile, PACAP/PAC1R expression and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) serum concentration significantly decreased during ambient temperatures of 8 °C, 14 °C and 29 °C compared to 21 °C. Thus, ambient temperature may influence the expression of PACAP/PAC1R and the synthesis of FSH for involvement in follicle development. Moreover, PACAP/PAC1R had major functional elements including PKA/PKG and PKC phosphorylation sites, which may involve in the pathway of FSH synthesis through cAMP-PKA and its downstream signal pathway. Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between the expression levels of PACAP/PAC1R and the number of the growing and antral follicles, as well as the serum FSH concentration and the number of antral follicles. However, there was no significant correlation between the expression levels of PACAP/PAC1R and the serum FSH concentration, indicating a complicated pathway between PACAP/PAC1R and FSH. In conclusion, ambient temperature affects the expression of PACAP/PAC1R and the serum FSH concentration. The expression of PACAP/PAC1R and the serum FSH concentration are correlated with follicle development, which implies that they are involved in follicle development, which will ultimately influence the reproduction of Phodopus sungorus. This study can lay the foundation for future investigation on the regulation mechanism of reproduction in Phodopus sungorus.
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Lv X, Fang X, Qian T, Cai Y, Gao P, Chen H, Wu Q, Wu J, Fan Y, Ye D. Association between Meteorological Factors and Outpatient Visits for Herpes Zoster in Hefei, China: A Time-Series Analysis. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2023; 20:2097. [PMID: 36767463 PMCID: PMC9915272 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This study sought to investigate the relationship between meteorological factors and outpatient visits for herpes zoster. In this time-series analysis, we used data from two major hospitals in Hefei, collected between 2015 and 2019, to evaluate the impact of meteorological factors on the risk of herpes zoster. After controlling for confounders, we adopted a distributed lag nonlinear model to probe the relationship between meteorological factors and outpatient visits for herpes zoster. The analysis was stratified according to age (<40 years, ≥40 years) and sex (male, female). A total of 43,547 cases of herpes zoster were reported, and compared with the median value, a high temperature and high relative humidity had a significant risk effect on the incidence of herpes zoster. The maximum harmful effect of high temperature on herpes zoster occurred on the lag0 (RR: 1.027, 95% CI: 1.002-1.053) and further declined over the following days. The cumulative effect increased with the extension of lag days, and the cumulative RR was the largest on the sixth day of lag (RR1.031, 95% CI: 1.006-1.056) when the relative humidity was 85.7% (77.0% as the reference). The stratified analysis results reveal that females and the elderly (≥40 years) were more susceptible to temperature and relative humidity. This study shows that high-temperatures may lead to herpes zoster, indicating that those infected with varicella zoster virus need to take measures over the course of several days when not exposed to the best appropriate temperature conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojie Lv
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Xinyu Fang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Tingting Qian
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Yuyu Cai
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Peng Gao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Haifeng Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Qing Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Jun Wu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan 523000, China
| | - Yinguang Fan
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Dongqing Ye
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
- Inflammation and Immune Mediated Diseases Laboratory of Anhui Province, Hefei 230032, China
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Hough MA, Prischi F, Worrall JAR. Perspective: Structure determination of protein-ligand complexes at room temperature using X-ray diffraction approaches. Front Mol Biosci 2023; 10:1113762. [PMID: 36756363 PMCID: PMC9899996 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1113762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The interaction between macromolecular proteins and small molecule ligands is an essential component of cellular function. Such ligands may include enzyme substrates, molecules involved in cellular signalling or pharmaceutical drugs. Together with biophysical techniques used to assess the thermodynamic and kinetic properties of ligand binding to proteins, methodology to determine high-resolution structures that enable atomic level interactions between protein and ligand(s) to be directly visualised is required. Whilst such structural approaches are well established with high throughput X-ray crystallography routinely used in the pharmaceutical sector, they provide only a static view of the complex. Recent advances in X-ray structural biology methods offer several new possibilities that can examine protein-ligand complexes at ambient temperature rather than under cryogenic conditions, enable transient binding sites and interactions to be characterised using time-resolved approaches and combine spectroscopic measurements from the same crystal that the structures themselves are determined. This Perspective reviews several recent developments in these areas and discusses new possibilities for applications of these advanced methodologies to transform our understanding of protein-ligand interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A. Hough
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom,Diamond Light Source Ltd., Harwell Science and Innovation Campus, Didcot, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Michael A. Hough, ; Jonathan A. R. Worrall,
| | - Filippo Prischi
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom
| | - Jonathan A. R. Worrall
- School of Life Sciences, University of Essex, Colchester, United Kingdom,*Correspondence: Michael A. Hough, ; Jonathan A. R. Worrall,
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Yin J, Liu T, Tang F, Chen D, Sun L, Song S, Zhang S, Wu J, Li Z, Xing W, Wang X, Ding G. Effects of ambient temperature on influenza-like illness: A multicity analysis in Shandong Province, China, 2014-2017. Front Public Health 2023; 10:1095436. [PMID: 36699880 PMCID: PMC9868675 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1095436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The associations between ambient temperature and influenza-like illness (ILI) have been investigated in previous studies. However, they have inconsistent results. The purpose of this study was to estimate the effect of ambient temperature on ILI in Shandong Province, China. Methods Weekly ILI surveillance and meteorological data over 2014-2017 of the Shandong Province were collected from the Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the China Meteorological Data Service Center, respectively. A distributed lag non-linear model was adopted to estimate the city-specific temperature-ILI relationships, which were used to pool the regional-level and provincial-level estimates through a multivariate meta-analysis. Results There were 911,743 ILI cases reported in the study area between 2014 and 2017. The risk of ILI increased with decreasing weekly ambient temperature at the provincial level, and the effect was statistically significant when the temperature was <-1.5°C (RR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.00-1.54). We found that the relationship between temperature and ILI showed an L-shaped curve at the regional level, except for Southern Shandong (S-shaped). The risk of ILI was influenced by cold, with significant lags from 2.5 to 3 weeks, and no significant effect of heat on ILI was found. Conclusion Our findings confirm that low temperatures significantly increased the risk of ILI in the study area. In addition, the cold effect of ambient temperature may cause more risk of ILI than the hot effect. The findings have significant implications for developing strategies to control ILI and respond to climate change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yin
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China,Center for Big Data Research in Health and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Ti Liu
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Fang Tang
- Center for Big Data Research in Health and Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Dongzhen Chen
- Institute of Viral Disease Control and Prevention, Liaocheng Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Liaocheng, Shandong, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shaoxia Song
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Shengyang Zhang
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Julong Wu
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhong Li
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Weijia Xing
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China,Weijia Xing ✉
| | - Xianjun Wang
- Institute for Communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Jinan, Shandong, China,Xianjun Wang ✉
| | - Guoyong Ding
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China,*Correspondence: Guoyong Ding ✉
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José Karpeggiane de Oliveira M, Diego Brandão Melo A, Alves Marçal D, Alves da Cunha Valini G, Alisson Silva C, Mari Veira A, Zem Fraga A, Righetti Arnaut P, Henrique Reis Furtado Campos P, Sousa dos Santos L, Khun Kyaw Htoo J, Gastmann Brand H, Hauschild L. Effects of lowering dietary protein content without or with increased protein-bound and feed-grade amino acids supply on growth performance, body composition, metabolism, and acute-phase protein of finishing pigs under daily cyclic heat stress. J Anim Sci 2023; 101:skac387. [PMID: 36420675 PMCID: PMC9833036 DOI: 10.1093/jas/skac387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of a low-protein diet with or without an increase in dietary protein and feed-grade amino acids (AAs) on the growth performance, body composition, metabolism, and serum acute-phase proteins of finishing pigs reared in thermoneutrality or cyclic heat stress conditions. A total of 90 gilts (67.7 ± 6.2 kg) were distributed in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement (two ambient temperatures and three diets). Ambient temperatures (AT) were thermoneutral (TN, 22 °C for 24 h) and cyclic heat stress (CHS, 12 h to 35 °C and 12 h to 22 °C). The evaluated diets (D) were high crude protein (HP); low CP-free AA-supplemented diets (LPAAs); low CP-free AA-supplemented diets and digestible Lys level (+20%), and Lys:AA ratios above recommendations (LPAA+). The experimental period lasted 48 d (two experimental phases: days 0-27 and days 28-48, respectively). CHS pigs had higher skin temperature (P < 0.05) than TN pigs. Pigs in CHS had higher rectal temperature (P < 0.05) than TN pigs until day 38 but similar (P > 0.10) to TN pigs from 38 to 45 d. For the entire experiment, CHS pigs had lower (P < 0.05) final BW, average daily gain and daily feed intake, net energy intake, body lipid, bone mineral, lipid deposition, energy retention, Lys and CP intake, and nitrogen excretion than TN pigs. The level of CP intake impacted nitrogen excretion, nitrogen retention efficiency, and urea as pigs fed HP had the highest values, and pigs fed LPAA had the lowest values (P < 0.05). On day 27, CHS pigs had lower (P < 0.05) free triiodothyronine than TN pigs. LPAA+ pigs had lower (P < 0.05) insulin than LPAA. On day 48, CHS pigs had lower (P < 0.05) thyroxine, albumin, and lactate than TN pigs. On day 27, pigs fed LPAA+ had higher (P < 0.05) lactate than pigs fed HP or LPAA. Both AT and D were enough to stimulate the immune system as CHS pigs had lower (P < 0.05) transferrin and 23-kDa protein levels than TN pigs, and HP pigs had higher haptoglobin than LPAA on day 27. These results confirm the deleterious effects of high AT on performance, body composition, metabolism, and immune system stimulation in finishing pigs. These data also show that a diet with low levels of CP can be provided to pigs in CHS without affecting performance and body composition while reducing nitrogen excretion. However, the use of a diet with an AA level above the requirements obtained by increasing intact protein and free AA did not attenuate the impact of CHS on performance and body composition of pigs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marllon José Karpeggiane de Oliveira
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Antonio Diego Brandão Melo
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo Alves Marçal
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Graziela Alves da Cunha Valini
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Cleslei Alisson Silva
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alini Mari Veira
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alícia Zem Fraga
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Pedro Righetti Arnaut
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luan Sousa dos Santos
- Department of Animal Nutrition and Pastures, Federal Rural University of Rio de Janeiro, Seropédica, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luciano Hauschild
- Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (Unesp), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil
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Khan MI, Rasheed Z. Ambient Temperature and Cardiac Biomarkers: A Meta-Analysis. Curr Cardiol Rev 2023; 19:82-92. [PMID: 37539936 PMCID: PMC10636793 DOI: 10.2174/1573403x19666230804095744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study quantified the effect of cold or heat exposure of ambient temperature on the alteration of well-known cardiac markers. A meta-analysis was performed using the PRISMA guidelines. Peer-reviewed studies on ambient temperature and cardiac biomarkers were retrieved from MEDLINE, ScienceDirect and Google Scholar from January 2000 to February 2022. The pooled effect sizes of ambient temperature on cardiac biomarkers c-reactive protein, soluble-cell adhesion-molecule-1, soluble-intercellular-adhesion-molecule-1, total cholesterol, low-densitylipoprotein, interleukin-6, B-type-Natriuretic-Peptide; systolic/diastolic blood pressure were quantified using a random-effects meta-analysis. A total of 26 articles were included in the metaanalysis after screening the titles, abstracts and full texts. The pooled results for a 1°C decrease of ambient temperature showed an increase of 0.31% (95% CI= 0.26 to 0.38) in cardiac biomarkers (p=0.00; I-squared=99.2%; Cochran's Q=5636.8). In contrast, the pooled results for a 1°C increase in ambient temperature showed an increase of 2.03% (95% CI= 1.08 to 3.82) in cardiac biomarkers (p=0.00; I-squared=95.7%; Cochran's Q=235.2). In the cardiovascular (CV) population, the percent increase in cardiac biomarkers levels due to a decrease/increase in ambient temperature was greater. This study showed the decrease/increase in ambient temperature has a direct correlation with the alterations in cardiac biomarkers. These findings are useful for managing temperatureassociated cardiovascular mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ismail Khan
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Public Health, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Zafar Rasheed
- Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, Buraidah, Qassim University, Buraidah, Saudi Arabia
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Lu Y, Lin C, Guo M, Rong Y, Huang Y, Wu C. Effects of Ambient Temperature on Nanosecond Laser Micro-Drilling of Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). Micromachines (Basel) 2022; 14:90. [PMID: 36677150 PMCID: PMC9864420 DOI: 10.3390/mi14010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In this research, effects of ambient temperature (-100 °C-200 °C) on nanosecond laser micro-drilling of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) was investigated by simulation and experiment. A thermo-mechanical coupled model was established, and it was indicated that the top and bottom diameter of the micro-hole decreased with the decrease of the ambient temperature, and the micro-hole taper increased with the decrease of the ambient temperature. The simulation results showed a good agreement with the experiment results in micro-hole geometry; the maximum prediction errors of the top micro-hole diameter, the bottom micro-hole diameter and micro-hole taper were 2.785%, 6.306% and 9.688%, respectively. The diameter of the heat-affected zone decreased with the decrease of the ambient temperature. The circumferential wrinkles were controlled by radial compressive stress. As the ambient temperature increased from 25 °C to 200 °C, the radial compressive stress gradually decreased, which led to the circumferential wrinkles gradually evolving in the radial direction. This work provides a new idea and method based on ambient temperature control for nanosecond laser processing of PDMS, which provides exciting possibilities for a wider range of engineering applications of PDMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya Lu
- State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment, Guangdong HUST Industrial Technology Research Institute, Dongguan 523808, China
| | - Chaoran Lin
- State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Minghui Guo
- State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Youmin Rong
- State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yu Huang
- State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Congyi Wu
- State Key Lab of Digital Manufacturing Equipment and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- School of Mechanical Science and Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Manufacturing Equipment, Guangdong HUST Industrial Technology Research Institute, Dongguan 523808, China
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47
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Sadler DG, Treas L, Sikes JD, Porter C. A modest change in housing temperature alters whole body energy expenditure and adipocyte thermogenic capacity in mice. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2022; 323:E517-E528. [PMID: 36351253 PMCID: PMC9744648 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00079.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Typical vivarium temperatures (20-26°C) induce facultative thermogenesis in mice, a process attributable in part to uncoupling protein-1 (UCP1). The impact of modest changes in housing temperature on whole body and adipose tissue energetics in mice remains unclear. Here, we determined the effects of transitioning mice from 24°C to 30°C on total energy expenditure and adipose tissue protein signatures. C57BL/6J mice were housed at 24°C for 2 wk and then either remained at 24°C (n = 16/group, 8M/8F) or were transitioned to 30°C (n = 16/group, 8M/8F) for 4 wk. Total energy expenditure and its components were determined by indirect calorimetry. Interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) and inguinal white adipose tissue (iWAT) proteins were quantified by Western blot and quantitative proteomics. Transitioning from 24°C to 30°C reduced total energy expenditure in both male (-25%) and female (-16%) mice, which was attributable to lower basal energy expenditure in males (-36%) and females (-40%). Total iBAT UCP1 protein content was 50% lower at 30°C compared with 24°C, whereas iWAT UCP1 protein content was similar between conditions. iBAT UCP1 protein content remained 20-fold greater than iWAT at 30°C. In iBAT and iWAT, 183 and 41 proteins were differentially expressed between 24°C and 30°C, respectively. iWAT proteins (257) differentially expressed between sexes at 30°C were not differentially expressed at 24°C. Thus, 30°C housing lowers total energy expenditure of mice when compared with an ambient temperature (24°C) that falls within the National Research Council's guidelines for housing laboratory mice. Lower iBAT UCP1 content accompanied chronic housing at 30°C. Furthermore, housing temperature influences sexual dimorphism in the iWAT proteome. These data have implications regarding the optimization of preclinical models of human disease.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Housing mice at 30°C reduced the basal and total energy expenditure compared with 24°C, which was accompanied by a reduction in brown adipose tissue UCP1 content. Proteomic profiling demonstrated the brown adipose tissue and white adipose tissue proteomes were largely influenced by housing temperature and sex, respectively. Therefore, 30°C housing revealed sexual dimorphism in the white adipose tissue proteome that was largely absent in animals housed at 24°C.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel G Sadler
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Lillie Treas
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - James D Sikes
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
| | - Craig Porter
- Arkansas Children's Research Institute, Arkansas Children's Nutrition Center and the University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas
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48
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Parker MT, Soanes BK, Kusakina J, Larrieu A, Knop K, Joy N, Breidenbach F, Sherwood AV, Barton GJ, Fica SM, Davies BH, Simpson GG. m 6A modification of U6 snRNA modulates usage of two major classes of pre-mRNA 5' splice site. eLife 2022; 11:78808. [PMID: 36409063 PMCID: PMC9803359 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alternative splicing of messenger RNAs is associated with the evolution of developmentally complex eukaryotes. Splicing is mediated by the spliceosome, and docking of the pre-mRNA 5' splice site into the spliceosome active site depends upon pairing with the conserved ACAGA sequence of U6 snRNA. In some species, including humans, the central adenosine of the ACAGA box is modified by N6 methylation, but the role of this m6A modification is poorly understood. Here, we show that m6A modified U6 snRNA determines the accuracy and efficiency of splicing. We reveal that the conserved methyltransferase, FIONA1, is required for Arabidopsis U6 snRNA m6A modification. Arabidopsis fio1 mutants show disrupted patterns of splicing that can be explained by the sequence composition of 5' splice sites and cooperative roles for U5 and U6 snRNA in splice site selection. U6 snRNA m6A influences 3' splice site usage. We generalise these findings to reveal two major classes of 5' splice site in diverse eukaryotes, which display anti-correlated interaction potential with U5 snRNA loop 1 and the U6 snRNA ACAGA box. We conclude that U6 snRNA m6A modification contributes to the selection of degenerate 5' splice sites crucial to alternative splicing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew T Parker
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Beth K Soanes
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Jelena Kusakina
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Antoine Larrieu
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Katarzyna Knop
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Nisha Joy
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Friedrich Breidenbach
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.,RNA Biology and Molecular Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Anna V Sherwood
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Geoffrey J Barton
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Sebastian M Fica
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Brendan H Davies
- Centre for Plant Sciences, School of Biology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, United Kingdom
| | - Gordon G Simpson
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom.,Cell & Molecular Sciences, James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, United Kingdom
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Korkmaz B, Maaz D, Reich F, Gremse C, Haase A, Mateus-Vargas RH, Mader A, Rottenberger I, Schafft HA, Bandick N, Nöckler K, Alter T, Lahrssen-Wiederholt M, Steinhoff-Wagner J. Cause and Effect Analysis between Influencing Factors Related to Environmental Conditions, Hunting and Handling Practices and the Initial Microbial Load of Game Carcasses. Foods 2022; 11:foods11223726. [PMID: 36429318 PMCID: PMC9689144 DOI: 10.3390/foods11223726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental, hunting and handling factors affect the microbial load of hunted game and the resulting meat products. The aim of this study was to systematically investigate the influence of several factors on the initial microbial load (IML) of game carcasses during the early hunting chain. Eviscerated roe deer body cavities (n = 24) were investigated in terms of total viable count and the levels of Pseudomonas spp., Lactobacillus spp., Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Furthermore, a risk analysis based on the obtained original IML data, literature search and a Failure Mode and Effects Analysis (FMEA) was performed. The IML could be explained in a regression model by factors including the higher body weight (BW), damaged gastrointestinal tract by the shot, ambient temperature or rain. The levels of Lactobacillus spp. (p = 0.0472), Enterobacteriaceae (p = 0.0070) and E. coli (p = 0.0015) were lower on the belly flap surface when gloves were used during evisceration. The literature search revealed that studies examining influencing factors (IF) on the IML of game carcasses found contradictory effects of the comparable IF on IML. Potential handling failures may lead to a higher IML of game carcasses during the early hunting chain ranked by FMEA. Several handling practices for game carcasses are recommended, such as ensuring efficient cooling of heavier BW carcasses to limit bacterial growth or eviscerating heavier carcasses before lighter ones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Birsen Korkmaz
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
- Correspondence:
| | - Denny Maaz
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
- Berlin Brandenburg State Laboratory, Gerhard-Neumann-Straße 2, 15236 Frankfurt (Oder), Germany
| | - Felix Reich
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Carl Gremse
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Annina Haase
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Anneluise Mader
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Ingo Rottenberger
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Helmut A. Schafft
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Niels Bandick
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Karsten Nöckler
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
| | - Thomas Alter
- Institute of Food Safety and Food Hygiene, Center for Veterinary Public Health, Department of Veterinary Medicine, Freie Universität Berlin, Königsweg 69, 14163 Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Julia Steinhoff-Wagner
- German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), 10589 Berlin, Germany
- TUM School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Animal Nutrition and Metabolism, Technical University of Munich, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 2, 85354 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany
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50
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Zhao J, Zhang Y, Ni Y, He J, Wang J, Li X, Guo Y, Li C, Zhang W, Cui Z. Effect of ambient temperature and other environmental factors on stroke emergency department visits in Beijing: A distributed lag non-linear model. Front Public Health 2022; 10:1034534. [PMID: 36466462 PMCID: PMC9709270 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.1034534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Most studies have focused on the relationship between ambient temperature and stroke mortality, but studies on the relationship between ambient temperature and stroke occurrence are still limited and inconsistent. Objective This study aimed to analyze the effect of ambient temperature and other environmental factors on emergency stroke visits in Beijing. Methods Our study utilized stroke visit data from the Beijing Red Cross Emergency Medical Center during 2017-2018, and applied a generalized additive model (GAM) as well as a distributed lag non-linear model (DLNM), respectively, regarding the direct, lagged, and cumulative effects of ambient temperature alone and with correction for other environmental factors on stroke occurrence. Results With a total of 26,984 emergency stroke patients in 2017-2018, both cold and hot effects were observed and weakened after correction for other environmental factors. Compared to the reference temperature, in the multi-factor model, extreme cold (-10°C) reached a maximum relative risk (RR) of 1.20 [95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.09, 1.32] at lag 14 days, and extreme hot (30°C) had a maximum RR of 1.07 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.11) at lag 6 days. The cumulative effect of extreme cold reached a maximum of 2.02 (95% CI: 1.11, 3.67) at lag 0-14 days, whereas the cumulative effect of extreme hot temperature is greatest at lag 0-10 days, but no statistically significant effect was found. In addition, ischemic stroke patients, the elderly, and males were more susceptible to the effects of cold temperature. Conclusions There is a non-linear relationship between ambient temperature and stroke occurrence, with cold temperature having a greater and longer-lasting impact than hot temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhua Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yongming Zhang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Center of Respiratory Medicine, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Diseases, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Ni
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junyu He
- Ocean College, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, China,Ocean Academy, Zhejiang University, Zhoushan, China
| | - Jianping Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Xuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuming Guo
- Department of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
| | - Changping Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Wenyi Zhang
- Chinese PLA Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China,Wenyi Zhang
| | - Zhuang Cui
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China,*Correspondence: Zhuang Cui
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