1
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Chekan JR, Mydy LS, Pasquale MA, Kersten RD. Plant peptides - redefining an area of ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides. Nat Prod Rep 2024. [PMID: 38411572 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00042g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/28/2024]
Abstract
Covering 1965 to February 2024Plants are prolific peptide chemists and are known to make thousands of different peptidic molecules. These peptides vary dramatically in their size, chemistry, and bioactivity. Despite their differences, all plant peptides to date are biosynthesized as ribosomally synthesized and post-translationally modified peptides (RiPPs). Decades of research in plant RiPP biosynthesis have extended the definition and scope of RiPPs from microbial sources, establishing paradigms and discovering new families of biosynthetic enzymes. The discovery and elucidation of plant peptide pathways is challenging due to repurposing and evolution of housekeeping genes as both precursor peptides and biosynthetic enzymes and due to the low rates of gene clustering in plants. In this review, we highlight the chemistry, biosynthesis, and function of the known RiPP classes from plants and recommend a nomenclature for the recent addition of BURP-domain-derived RiPPs termed burpitides. Burpitides are an emerging family of cyclic plant RiPPs characterized by macrocyclic crosslinks between tyrosine or tryptophan side chains and other amino acid side chains or their peptide backbone that are formed by copper-dependent BURP-domain-containing proteins termed burpitide cyclases. Finally, we review the discovery of plant RiPPs through bioactivity-guided, structure-guided, and gene-guided approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan R Chekan
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA.
| | - Lisa S Mydy
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
| | - Michael A Pasquale
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, USA.
| | - Roland D Kersten
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
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2
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Zhang J, Netzel ME, Pengelly A, Sivakumar D, Sultanbawa Y. A Review of Phytochemicals and Bioactive Properties in the Proteaceae Family: A Promising Source of Functional Food. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1952. [PMID: 38001805 PMCID: PMC10669417 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12111952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, natural plant-based foods have been increasingly used to improve human health due to unhealthy modern dietary patterns, such as the consumption of foods high in sugar and fat. Many indigenous species have been used by Aboriginal peoples for their food and therapeutic properties. Thus, it is important to understand the health-enhancing bioactive profile of Australian indigenous species. The Proteaceae family, such as the genera of Protea, Macadamia, and Grevillea, have been commercially used in the horticulture and food industries. Researchers have reported some findings about Persoonia species, one of the genera in the Proteaceae family. The aim of this review was to provide an overview of the family Proteaceae and the genus Persoonia, including distribution, traditional and commercial uses, phytochemicals, bioactive properties, potential opportunities, and challenges. In this review, bioactive compounds and their properties related to the health benefits of the Proteaceae family, particularly the Persoonia genus, were reviewed for potential applications in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Zhang
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia; (J.Z.); (M.E.N.); (D.S.)
| | - Michael E. Netzel
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia; (J.Z.); (M.E.N.); (D.S.)
| | - Andrew Pengelly
- Indigenous Plants for Health Association, 196 Bridge St, Muswellbrook, NSW 2333, Australia;
| | - Dharini Sivakumar
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia; (J.Z.); (M.E.N.); (D.S.)
- Phytochemical Food Network, Department of Crop Sciences, Tshwane University of Technology, Pretoria 0001, South Africa
| | - Yasmina Sultanbawa
- ARC Industrial Transformation Training Centre for Uniquely Australian Foods, Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation (QAAFI), The University of Queensland, Indooroopilly, QLD 4068, Australia; (J.Z.); (M.E.N.); (D.S.)
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3
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Zhang Y, Che H, Li C, Jin T. Food Allergens of Plant Origin. Foods 2023; 12:foods12112232. [PMID: 37297475 DOI: 10.3390/foods12112232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
This review presents an update on the physical, chemical, and biological properties of food allergens in plant sources, focusing on the few protein families that contribute to multiple food allergens from different species and protein families recently found to contain food allergens. The structures and structural components of the food allergens in the allergen families may provide further directions for discovering new food allergens. Answers as to what makes some food proteins allergens are still elusive. Factors to be considered in mitigating food allergens include the abundance of the protein in a food, the property of short stretches of the sequence of the protein that may constitute linear IgE binding epitopes, the structural properties of the protein, its stability to heat and digestion, the food matrix the protein is in, and the antimicrobial activity to the microbial flora of the human gastrointestinal tract. Additionally, recent data suggest that widely used techniques for mapping linear IgE binding epitopes need to be improved by incorporating positive controls, and methodologies for mapping conformational IgE binding epitopes need to be developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Zhang
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
| | - Huilian Che
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Caiming Li
- US Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center, 800 Buchanan Street, Albany, CA 94710, USA
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230001, China
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4
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Slezina MP, Odintsova TI. Plant Antimicrobial Peptides: Insights into Structure-Function Relationships for Practical Applications. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:3674-3704. [PMID: 37185763 PMCID: PMC10136942 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45040239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are short polypeptide molecules produced by multicellular organisms that are involved in host defense and microbiome preservation. In recent years, AMPs have attracted attention as novel drug candidates. However, their successful use requires detailed knowledge of the mode of action and identification of the determinants of biological activity. In this review, we focused on structure-function relationships in the thionins, α-hairpinins, hevein-like peptides, and the unique Ib-AMP peptides isolated from Impatiens balsamina. We summarized the available data on the amino acid sequences and 3D structure of peptides, their biosynthesis, and their biological activity. Special attention was paid to the determination of residues that play a key role in the activity and the identification of the minimal active cores. We have shown that even subtle changes in amino acid sequences can affect the biological activity of AMPs, which opens up the possibility of creating molecules with improved properties, better therapeutic efficacy, and cheaper large-scale production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina P Slezina
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics RAS, 119333 Moscow, Russia
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5
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Lewtak K, Czaplewska P, Wydrych J, Keller R, Nowicka A, Skrzypiec K, Fiołka MJ. Antimycobacterial Activity of Sida hermaphrodita (L.) Rusby (Malvaceae) Seed Extract. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030397. [PMID: 36766739 PMCID: PMC9913413 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The current prevalence of such lifestyle diseases as mycobacteriosis and tuberculosis is a result of the growing resistance of microorganisms to the available antibiotics and their significant toxicity. Therefore, plants can successfully become a source of new therapeutic agents. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of protein extract from Sida hermaphrodita seeds on the morphology, structure, and viability of Mycobacterium smegmatis and to carry out proteomic characterization of the protein extract. The analyses were carried out using fluorescence and transmission microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and spectroscopy. The proteomic studies were performed using liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. The studies showed that the seed extract applied at concentrations of 50-150 µg/mL exerted a statistically significant effect on M. smegmatis cells, that is, a reduction of the viability of the bacteria and induction of changes in the structure of the mycobacterial cell wall. Additionally, the SEM analysis confirmed that the extract did not have a cytotoxic or cytopathic effect on fibroblast cells. The proteomic analysis revealed the presence of structural, storage, and enzymatic proteins and peptides in the extract, which are typical for seeds. Proteins and peptides with antimicrobial activity identified as vicillins and lipid-transporting proteins were also determined in the protein profile of the extract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Lewtak
- Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.L.); (M.J.F.)
| | - Paulina Czaplewska
- Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry, Intercollegiate Faculty of Biotechnology, University of Gdansk, Abrahama 58, 80-307 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Jerzy Wydrych
- Department of Functional Anatomy and Cytobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
| | - Radosław Keller
- Analytical Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Pl. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Aldona Nowicka
- Analytical Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Pl. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Skrzypiec
- Analytical Laboratory, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Department of Chemistry, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Pl. M. Curie-Skłodowskiej 2, 20-031 Lublin, Poland
| | - Marta Julia Fiołka
- Department of Immunobiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Maria Curie-Skłodowska University, Akademicka 19, 20-033 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (K.L.); (M.J.F.)
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6
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Ando T, Kitaura J, Maruyama N, Narita M, Miura K, Takasato Y, Nogami K, Nagao M, Okumura K, Ogawa H, Onishi H, Watanabe T, Ito K, Fujisawa T, Ebisawa M, Kawakami T, Matsumoto K, Hasegawa S, Ohya Y, Yasudo H. Sensitization to macadamia 7S globulin amino-terminus with clinical relevance in Japanese children with macadamia nut allergy. Allergol Int 2022; 72:351-353. [PMID: 36470788 DOI: 10.1016/j.alit.2022.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tomoaki Ando
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Centre, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jiro Kitaura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Centre, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Maruyama
- Laboratory of Food Quality Design and Development, Division of Agronomy and Horticultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masami Narita
- Allergy Centre, National Centre for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Katsushi Miura
- Department of Allergy, Miyagi Children's Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Takasato
- Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Centre, Aichi, Japan
| | | | - Mizuho Nagao
- Department of Pediatrics, National Mie Hospital, Mie, Japan
| | - Ko Okumura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Centre, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideoki Ogawa
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Centre, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Onishi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takashi Watanabe
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Komei Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Centre, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takao Fujisawa
- Department of Pediatrics, National Mie Hospital, Mie, Japan
| | - Motohiro Ebisawa
- Clinical Research Centre for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kawakami
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Kenji Matsumoto
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunji Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Ohya
- Allergy Centre, National Centre for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yasudo
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Centre, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Allergy Centre, National Centre for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Laboratory Medicine, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan.
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7
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Mattsson L, Holmqvist M, Porsch H, Larsson H, Pontoppidan B, Valcour A, Lidholm J. A new vicilin-like allergen in hazelnut giving rise to a spectrum of IgE-binding low-molecular-weight N-terminal fragments. Clin Exp Allergy 2022; 52:1208-1212. [PMID: 35851969 DOI: 10.1111/cea.14202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Andre Valcour
- Laboratory Corporation of America, Burlington, North Carolina, USA
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8
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The Updated Review on Plant Peptides and Their Applications in Human Health. Int J Pept Res Ther 2022; 28:135. [PMID: 35911180 PMCID: PMC9326430 DOI: 10.1007/s10989-022-10437-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Biologically active plant peptides, consisting of secondary metabolites, are compounds (amino acids) utilized by plants in their defense arsenal. Enzymatic processes and metabolic pathways secrete these plant peptides. They are also known for their medicinal value and have been incorporated in therapeutics of major human diseases. Nevertheless, its limitations (low bioavailability, high cytotoxicity, poor absorption, low abundance, improper metabolism, etc.) have demanded a need to explore further and discover other new plant compounds that overcome these limitations. Keeping this in mind, therapeutic plant proteins can be excellent remedial substitutes for bodily affliction. A multitude of these peptides demonstrates anti-carcinogenic, anti-microbial, anti-HIV, and neuro-regulating properties. This article's main aim is to list out and report the status of various therapeutic plant peptides and their prospective status as peptide-based drugs for multiple diseases (infectious and non-infectious). The feasibility of these compounds in the imminent future has also been discussed.
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9
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Ateeq M, Adeel MM, Kanwal A, Tahir ul Qamar M, Saeed A, Khaliq B, Saeed Q, Atiq MN, Bilal M, Alharbi M, Alshammari A, Akrem A. In Silico Analysis and Functional Characterization of Antimicrobial and Insecticidal Vicilin from Moth Bean ( Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal) Seeds. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27103251. [PMID: 35630727 PMCID: PMC9145308 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27103251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Vicilin has nutraceutical potential and different noteworthy medicative health-promoting biotic diversions, and it is remarkable against pathogenic microorganisms and insects. In this study, Vigna aconitifolia vicilin (VacV) has been identified and characterized from the seed of Vigna aconitifolia (Jacq.) Marechal (Moth beans). LC-MS/MS analysis of VacV provided seven random fragmented sequences comprising 238 residues, showing significant homology with already reported Vigna radiata vicilin (VraV). VacV was purified using ammonium sulfate precipitation (60%) followed by size exclusion chromatography on Hi-Load 16/60 Superdex 200 pg column and anion-exchange chromatography (Hi trap Q FF column). Purified VacV showed a major ~50 kDa band and multiple lower bands on 12% sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) under both reduced and non-reduced conditions. After all, a three-dimensional molecular structure of VacV was predicted, which showed β-sheeted molecular conformation similar to crystallographic structure of VraV. All Vicilins from V. aconitifolia and other plants were divided into six sub-groups by phylogenetic analysis, and VacV shared a high degree of similarity with vicilins of Vigna radiata, Pisum sativum, Lupinus albus, Cicer arietinum and Glycine max. Additionally, VacV (20 μg) has significant growth inhibition against different pathogenic bacteria along strong antifungal activity (50 μg). Likewise, VacV (3.0 mg) produced significant growth reduction in Rice Weevil Sitophilus oryzae larvae after 9 days compared with control. Furthermore, by using MMT assay, the cytotoxicity effect of VacV on the growth of HepG2 liver cancerous cells was tested. VacV showed cytotoxicity against the HepG-2 line and the acquired value was 180 µg after 48 h. Finally, we performed molecular docking against caspase-3 protein (PDB ID: 3DEI) for VacV bioactive receptor interface residues. Hence, our results reveal that VacV, has nutraceutical potential and moth beans can be used as a rich resource of functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ateeq
- Key Laboratory of Horticultural Plant Biology-Ministry of Education, College of Horticulture and Forestry Sciences, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
- Botany Division, Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Muzammal Adeel
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Bioinformatics, College of Informatics, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
- Department of Environmental Health Science, College of Public Health, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA
| | - Ayesha Kanwal
- College of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230027, China;
| | - Muhammad Tahir ul Qamar
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (A.A.)
| | - Ahsan Saeed
- Botany Division, Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
| | - Binish Khaliq
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Science, University of Okara, Okara 56300, Pakistan;
| | - Qamar Saeed
- Department of Entomology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
| | - Muhammad Nauman Atiq
- Hubei Insect Resources Utilization and Sustainable Pest Management Key Laboratory, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China;
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Centre of Excellence in Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, 87-West Canal Road Thokar Niaz Baig, Lahore 53700, Pakistan;
| | - Metab Alharbi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.T.u.Q.); (A.A.)
| | - Abdulrahman Alshammari
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P. O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (M.T.u.Q.); (A.A.)
| | - Ahmed Akrem
- Botany Division, Institute of Pure and Applied Biology, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: (M.H.); (A.A.)
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Yasudo H, Ando T, Kitaura J, Maruyama N, Narita M, Natsume O, Uneoka K, Miura K, Morita Y, Kamei A, Okamoto Y, Shirakawa S, Kitabayashi T, Kurihara K, Nogami K, Takasato Y, Nagao M, Ito K, Fujisawa T, Ebisawa M, Kawakami T, Matsumoto K, Saito H, Hasegawa S, Ohya Y. Predictive value of 7S globulin-specific IgE in Japanese macadamia nut allergy patients. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2022; 10:1389-1391.e1. [PMID: 35074598 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2021.12.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroki Yasudo
- Allergy Centre, National Centre for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan; Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Tomoaki Ando
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jiro Kitaura
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Science of Allergy and Inflammation, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Maruyama
- Laboratory of Food Quality Design and Development, Division of Agronomy and Horticultural Science, Graduate School of Agriculture, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Masami Narita
- Allergy Centre, National Centre for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Osamu Natsume
- Allergy Centre, National Centre for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kei Uneoka
- Department of Allergy, Miyagi Children's Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
| | - Katsushi Miura
- Department of Allergy, Miyagi Children's Hospital, Miyagi, Japan
| | | | - Anna Kamei
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Science of Allergy and Inflammation, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Yoko Okamoto
- Atopy (Allergy) Research Center, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan; Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Seigo Shirakawa
- Department of Pediatrics, The Fraternity Memorial Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Taeru Kitabayashi
- Department of Pediatrics, International University of Health and Welfare, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kurihara
- Department of Pediatrics, Higashinaebo Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | | | - Yoshihiro Takasato
- Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Centre, Aichi, Japan
| | - Mizuho Nagao
- Department of Pediatrics, National Mie Hospital, Mie, Japan
| | - Komei Ito
- Department of Pediatrics, Aichi Children's Health and Medical Centre, Aichi, Japan
| | - Takao Fujisawa
- Department of Pediatrics, National Mie Hospital, Mie, Japan
| | - Motohiro Ebisawa
- Clinical Research Centre for Allergy and Rheumatology, National Hospital Organization, Sagamihara National Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Kawakami
- Division of Cell Biology, La Jolla Institute for Immunology, La Jolla, Calif
| | - Kenji Matsumoto
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hirohisa Saito
- Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, National Research Institute for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shunji Hasegawa
- Department of Pediatrics, Yamaguchi University Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Yukihiro Ohya
- Allergy Centre, National Centre for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan
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11
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Abstract
This review provides a global overview on Rosaceae allergy and details the particularities of each fruit allergy induced by ten Rosaceae species: almond/peach/cherry/apricot/plum (Amygdaleae), apple/pear (Maleae), and raspberry/blackberry/strawberry (Rosoideae). Data on clinical symptoms, prevalence, diagnosis, and immunotherapies for the treatment of Rosaceae allergy are herein stated. Allergen molecular characterization, cross-reactivity/co-sensitization phenomena, the impact of food processing and digestibility, and the methods currently available for the Rosaceae detection/quantification in foods are also described. Rosaceae allergy has a major impact in context to pollen-food allergy syndrome (PFAS) and lipid transfer protein (LTP) allergies, being greatly influenced by geography, environment, and presence of cofactors. Peach, apple, and almond allergies are probably the ones most affecting the quality of life of the allergic-patients, although allergies to other Rosaceae fruits cannot be overlooked. From patients' perspective, self-allergy management and an efficient avoidance of multiple fruits are often difficult to achieve, which might raise the risk for cross-reactivity and co-sensitization phenomena and increase the severity of the induced allergic responses with time. At this point, the absence of effective allergy diagnosis (lack of specific molecular markers) and studies advancing potential immunotherapies are some gaps that certainly will prompt the progress on novel strategies to manage Rosaceae food allergies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joana Costa
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Mafra
- REQUIMTE-LAQV, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal
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12
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Kabasser S, Pratap K, Kamath S, Taki AC, Dang T, Koplin J, Perrett K, Hummel K, Radauer C, Breiteneder H, Lopata AL, Bublin M. Identification of vicilin, legumin and antimicrobial peptide 2a as macadamia nut allergens. Food Chem 2022; 370:131028. [PMID: 34525424 PMCID: PMC7614219 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.131028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 08/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Macadamia nut is an increasingly popular food item of a healthy diet. However, macadamia nut is also a potent allergenic food. To date, there is little information about the allergenic proteins involved. In this study, using sera from macadamia nut allergic individuals, four IgE-binding proteins were detected. Their identities were determined by tandem mass spectrometry with de novo sequencing. Three IgE-reactive proteins, the vicilin Mac i 1, the legumin Mac i 2 and the antimicrobial peptide 2a/Mac i 1 (28-76) were purified from the nut while the non-specific lipid transfer protein was produced as a recombinant in Pichia pastoris. IgE-binding assays using sera from well-characterized groups of tree nut and/or peanut allergic patients revealed that the allergens were mainly recognized by sera from macadamia nut allergic individuals. Hence, these newly discovered allergens will enable molecular diagnostics to identify patients at high risk of macadamia nut allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Kabasser
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kunal Pratap
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia,Center for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Sandip Kamath
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia,Center for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia
| | - Aya C. Taki
- School of Veterinary Biosciences, Melbourne Veterinary School, Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Thanh Dang
- Department of Paediatrics, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The University of Melbourne, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Jennifer Koplin
- Department of Paediatrics, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The University of Melbourne, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Kirsten Perrett
- Department of Paediatrics, Murdoch Children’s Research Institute, The University of Melbourne, Flemington Road, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Karin Hummel
- VetCore Facility for Research, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christian Radauer
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heimo Breiteneder
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas L. Lopata
- Molecular Allergy Research Laboratory, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia,Australian Institute of Tropical Health and Medicine, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia,Center for Molecular Therapeutics, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia,Corresponding authors: Merima Bublin, PhD, Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria. ; Andreas L. Lopata, PhD, Pharmacy and Medical Research Building, James Cook University, Townsville, QLD, Australia,
| | - Merima Bublin
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Center of Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.
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13
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Akbarian M, Khani A, Eghbalpour S, Uversky VN. Bioactive Peptides: Synthesis, Sources, Applications, and Proposed Mechanisms of Action. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23031445. [PMID: 35163367 PMCID: PMC8836030 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23031445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive peptides are a group of biological molecules that are normally buried in the structure of parent proteins and become active after the cleavage of the proteins. Another group of peptides is actively produced and found in many microorganisms and the body of organisms. Today, many groups of bioactive peptides have been marketed chemically or recombinantly. This article reviews the various production methods and sources of these important/ubiquitous and useful biomolecules. Their applications, such as antimicrobial, antihypertensive, antioxidant activities, blood-lipid-lowering effect, opioid role, antiobesity, ability to bind minerals, antidiabetic, and antiaging effects, will be explored. The types of pathways proposed for bioactive applications will be in the next part of the article, and at the end, the future perspectives of bioactive peptides will be reviewed. Reading this article is recommended for researchers interested in various fields of physiology, microbiology, biochemistry, and nanotechnology and food industry professionals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Akbarian
- Department of Chemistry, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - Ali Khani
- Department of Radiation Sciences, Faculty of Applied Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1449614535, Iran;
| | - Sara Eghbalpour
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Surgery, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babol 4717647745, Iran;
| | - Vladimir N. Uversky
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Health Byrd Alzheimer’s Institute, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(813)-974-5816
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14
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Thermal Shift Assay as a Tool to Evaluate the Release of Breakdown Peptides from Cowpea β-Vignin during Seed Germination. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27010277. [PMID: 35011509 PMCID: PMC8746429 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Revised: 12/27/2021] [Accepted: 01/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The present work aimed to characterize the molecular relationships between structure and function of the seed storage protein β-vignin, the vicilin storage protein of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata, l. Walp) seeds. The molecular characterization of β-vignin was carried out firstly by assessing its thermal stability, under different conditions of pH and ionic strength, by thermal shift assay (TSA) using SYPRO Orange fluorescent dye. Secondly, its aggregation propensity was evaluated using a combination of chromatographic and electrophoretic techniques. Two forms of β-vignin were considered: the native form purified from mature quiescent seeds, and a stable breakdown intermediate of 27 kDa produced while seeds germinate. TSA is a useful tool for determining and following over time the structural changes that occur to the protein during germination. The main result was the molecular characterization of the 27 kDa intermediate breakdown polypeptide, which, to the best of our knowledge, has never been described before. β-vignin seems to retain its trimeric conformation despite the evident degradation of its polypeptides.
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15
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Sharma P, Murigneux V, Haimovitz J, Nock CJ, Tian W, Kharabian Masouleh A, Topp B, Alam M, Furtado A, Henry RJ. The genome of the endangered Macadamia jansenii displays little diversity but represents an important genetic resource for plant breeding. PLANT DIRECT 2021; 5:e364. [PMID: 34938939 PMCID: PMC8671617 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Macadamia, a recently domesticated expanding nut crop in the tropical and subtropical regions of the world, is one of the most economically important genera in the diverse and widely adapted Proteaceae family. All four species of Macadamia are rare in the wild with the most recently discovered, M. jansenii, being endangered. The M. jansenii genome has been used as a model for testing sequencing methods using a wide range of long read sequencing techniques. Here, we report a chromosome level genome assembly, generated using a combination of Pacific Biosciences sequencing and Hi-C, comprising 14 pseudo-molecules, with a N50 of 52 Mb and a total genome assembly size of 758 Mb of which 56% is repetitive. Completeness assessment revealed that the assembly covered -97.1% of the conserved single copy genes. Annotation predicted 31,591 protein coding genes and allowed the characterization of genes encoding biosynthesis of cyanogenic glycosides, fatty acid metabolism, and anti-microbial proteins. Re-sequencing of seven other genotypes confirmed low diversity and low heterozygosity within this endangered species. Important morphological characteristics of this species such as small tree size and high kernel recovery suggest that M. jansenii is an important source of these commercial traits for breeding. As a member of a small group of families that are sister to the core eudicots, this high-quality genome also provides a key resource for evolutionary and comparative genomics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Sharma
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | | | | | - Catherine J. Nock
- Southern Cross Plant ScienceSouthern Cross UniversityLismoreNew South WalesAustralia
| | - Wei Tian
- BGI‐ShenzhenShenzhenGuangdong ProvinceChina
- BGI International Pty LtdHerstonQueenslandAustralia
| | | | - Bruce Topp
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Mobashwer Alam
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Agnelo Furtado
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
| | - Robert J. Henry
- Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food InnovationUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Plant Success in Nature and AgricultureUniversity of QueenslandBrisbaneAustralia
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16
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Bin Hafeez A, Jiang X, Bergen PJ, Zhu Y. Antimicrobial Peptides: An Update on Classifications and Databases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11691. [PMID: 34769122 PMCID: PMC8583803 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are distributed across all kingdoms of life and are an indispensable component of host defenses. They consist of predominantly short cationic peptides with a wide variety of structures and targets. Given the ever-emerging resistance of various pathogens to existing antimicrobial therapies, AMPs have recently attracted extensive interest as potential therapeutic agents. As the discovery of new AMPs has increased, many databases specializing in AMPs have been developed to collect both fundamental and pharmacological information. In this review, we summarize the sources, structures, modes of action, and classifications of AMPs. Additionally, we examine current AMP databases, compare valuable computational tools used to predict antimicrobial activity and mechanisms of action, and highlight new machine learning approaches that can be employed to improve AMP activity to combat global antimicrobial resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmer Bin Hafeez
- Centre of Biotechnology and Microbiology, University of Peshawar, Peshawar 25120, Pakistan;
| | - Xukai Jiang
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (X.J.); (P.J.B.)
- National Glycoengineering Research Center, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Phillip J. Bergen
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (X.J.); (P.J.B.)
| | - Yan Zhu
- Infection and Immunity Program, Department of Microbiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; (X.J.); (P.J.B.)
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17
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Giromini C, Nonnis S, Givens DI, Lovegrove JA, Rebucci R, Tedeschi G, Pinotti L, Reggi S, Rossi L, Baldi A. Proteomic/peptidomic profile and Escherichia coli growth inhibitory effect of in vitro digested soya protein. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2021.1943016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Carlotta Giromini
- Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie per la salute la produzione animale e la sicurezza alimentare Carlo Cantoni, Università degli studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- CRC "Innovation for well-being and environment” (I-WE), Università degli studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Simona Nonnis
- CRC "Innovation for well-being and environment” (I-WE), Università degli studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di medicina veterinaria, Università degli studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - David I. Givens
- Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Julie A. Lovegrove
- Hugh Sinclair Unit of Human Nutrition, Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University of Reading, Reading, UK
- Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Raffaella Rebucci
- Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie per la salute la produzione animale e la sicurezza alimentare Carlo Cantoni, Università degli studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Gabriella Tedeschi
- CRC "Innovation for well-being and environment” (I-WE), Università degli studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
- Dipartimento di medicina veterinaria, Università degli studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Luciano Pinotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie per la salute la produzione animale e la sicurezza alimentare Carlo Cantoni, Università degli studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Serena Reggi
- Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie per la salute la produzione animale e la sicurezza alimentare Carlo Cantoni, Università degli studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Luciana Rossi
- Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie per la salute la produzione animale e la sicurezza alimentare Carlo Cantoni, Università degli studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
| | - Antonella Baldi
- Dipartimento di Scienze veterinarie per la salute la produzione animale e la sicurezza alimentare Carlo Cantoni, Università degli studi di Milano, Milano, Italy
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18
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An Updated Overview of Almond Allergens. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13082578. [PMID: 34444737 PMCID: PMC8399460 DOI: 10.3390/nu13082578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Tree nuts are considered an important food in healthy diets. However, for part of the world’s population, they are one of the most common sources of food allergens causing acute allergic reactions that can become life-threatening. They are part of the Big Eight food groups which are responsible for more than 90% of food allergy cases in the United States, and within this group, almond allergies are persistent and normally severe and life-threatening. Almond is generally consumed raw, toasted or as an integral part of other foods. Its dietary consumption is generally associated with a reduced risk of cardiovascular diseases. Several almond proteins have been recognized as allergens. Six of them, namely Pru du 3, Pru du 4, Pru du 5, Pru du 6, Pru du 8 and Pru du 10, have been included in the WHO-IUIS list of allergens. Nevertheless, further studies are needed in relation to the accurate characterization of the already known almond allergens or putative ones and in relation to the IgE-binding properties of these allergens to avoid misidentifications. In this context, this work aims to critically review the almond allergy problematic and, specifically, to perform an extensive overview regarding known and novel putative almond allergens.
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19
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Atallah OO, Osman A, Ali MA, Sitohy M. Soybean β-conglycinin and catfish cutaneous mucous p22 glycoproteins deteriorate sporangial cell walls of Pseudoperonospora cubensis and suppress cucumber downy mildew. PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE 2021; 77:3313-3324. [PMID: 33763975 DOI: 10.1002/ps.6375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cucumber plants suffer from a serious threatening disease, downy mildew, throughout the growing seasons irrespective of the weather temperature. The causal agent, Pseudoperonospora cubensis, tends to evolve rapidly upon sequential applications of chemical fungicides and generate new progeny possessing tolerance to such fungicides. Glycoproteins represent an environmentally safe alternative for chemically synthetized fungicides and do not trigger fungicide resistance. We studied the antifungal activity of four glycoproteins namely soybean β-conglycinin, chickpea vicilin, duck egg ovomucin and catfish p22 against P. cubensis. Ten commercial fungicides of different chemical groups were used as positive controls of glycoprotein treatments. RESULTS The results revealed that soybean β-conglycinin and catfish p22 glycoproteins possess significant antifungal activity against P. cubensis. The amount of disease suppression caused by β-conglycinin and p22 was comparable to the highly efficient chemical fungicides containing copper oxychloride, cymoxanil and fosetyl Al as active ingredients. Vicilin and ovomucin were less efficient biocides as they gave moderate suppression of disease severity. However, all tested glycoproteins provided full protection for the newly emerged cucumber leaves. Microscopic examination of glycoprotein-treated leaves inferred the ability of catfish p22 and soybean β-conglycinin to disrupt the integrity of sporangial cell walls of P. cubensis rendering them non-viable compared to untreated ones. Expression levels of total phenolic compounds and the antioxidant enzymes catalase, superoxide dismutase and peroxidase were elevated upon glycoproteins application, which infers their involvement in disease suppression. CONCLUSION This report emphasizes the direct and indirect roles of glycoproteins in safe management of cucumber downy mildew disease. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osama O Atallah
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Ali Osman
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mohamed As Ali
- Department of Plant Pathology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Sitohy
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
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20
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Mahgoub S, Alagawany M, Nader M, Omar SM, Abd El-Hack ME, Swelum A, Elnesr SS, Khafaga AF, Taha AE, Farag MR, Tiwari R, Marappan G, El-Sayed AS, Patel SK, Pathak M, Michalak I, Al-Ghamdi ES, Dhama K. Recent Development in Bioactive Peptides from Plant and Animal Products and Their Impact on the Human Health. FOOD REVIEWS INTERNATIONAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/87559129.2021.1923027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Samir Mahgoub
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig Egypt
| | - Maha Nader
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Safaa M. Omar
- Department of Agricultural Microbiology, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | | | - Ayman Swelum
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shaaban S. Elnesr
- Department of Poultry Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum, Egypt
| | - Asmaa F. Khafaga
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina’ Egypt
| | - Ayman E. Taha
- Department of Animal Husbandry and Animal Wealth Development, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina’ Egypt
| | - Mayada R. Farag
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig’ Egypt
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- Department of Veterinary Microbiology and Immunology, College of Veterinary Sciences, Up Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhayay Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishwavidyalay Evum Go-Anusandhan Sansthan (DUVASU), Mathura, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Gopi Marappan
- Division of Avian Physiology and Reproduction, ICAR-Central Avian Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ashraf S. El-Sayed
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt
| | - Shailesh K. Patel
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, Bareilly- Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mamta Pathak
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, Bareilly- Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Izabela Michalak
- Department of Advanced Material Technologies,Faculty of Chemistry, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław’, Poland
| | - Etab S. Al-Ghamdi
- Department of Food and Nutrition, College of Human Sciences and Design, King Abdualziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Kuldeep Dhama
- Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute Izatnagar, Bareilly- Uttar Pradesh, India
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21
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Hu Y, Wu S, Wang Y, Lin J, Sun Y, Zhang C, Gu J, Yang F, Lv H, Ji X, Zhang Y, Muyldermans S, Wang S. Unbiased Immunization Strategy Yielding Specific Nanobodies against Macadamia Allergen of Vicilin-like Protein for Immunoassay Development. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2021; 69:5178-5188. [PMID: 33882666 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.1c00390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Macadamia nut contains important food allergens that potentially cause allergic reactions with severe adverse effects in infants and adults. Reliable and accurate detection of macadamia is critical to avoid allergic reactions. However, knowledge on macadamia allergen is scarce and a reliable detection method has not been reported, yet. In this study, an unbiased immunization and selection strategy was employed to select nanobodies (Nbs) recognizing specifically macadamia allergen, as well as to establish a detection method to unveil a macadamia protein contamination. An alpaca was immunized with a crude protein extract of macadamia followed by construction of a Nb library from its lymphocytes. The panning and screening of this immune Nb repertoire resulted in the selection of six target-specific Nbs. Nb-mediated immuno-capturing combined with mass spectrometry allowed us to identify the target as the macadamia vicilin-like antimicrobial peptides 2-3 (MiAMP2), a novel food allergenic protein abbreviated as Mac i 1. Later on, an immunoassay of a heterologous sandwich ELISA method based on the selected Nb-pairs was established, providing a linear response in the range of 0.442-2,800 μg/mL and with a limit of detection of 27.1 ng/mL. The dedicated immunoassay has been verified by detecting the antigen spiked in food samples. Our study provided evidence for the successful application of the unprejudiced strategy to retrieve Nbs against a priori undefined macadamia allergen. These target-specific Nbs were used to design a highly reliable and effective immunoassay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaozhong Hu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Sihao Wu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Jing Lin
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Ying Sun
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Chuan Zhang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Tianjin University of Science & Technology, Tianjin 300457, China
| | - Jiaxin Gu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Feier Yang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Huan Lv
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Xuemeng Ji
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
| | - Serge Muyldermans
- Cellular and Molecular Immunology, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, 1050 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Shuo Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Science and Health, School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
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22
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Biochemical aspects of seeds from Cannabis sativa L. plants grown in a mountain environment. Sci Rep 2021; 11:3927. [PMID: 33594196 PMCID: PMC7887209 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-83290-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cannabis sativa L. (hemp) is a versatile plant which can adapt to various environmental conditions. Hempseeds provide high quality lipids, mainly represented by polyunsaturated acids, and highly digestible proteins rich of essential aminoacids. Hempseed composition can vary according to plant genotype, but other factors such as agronomic and climatic conditions can affect the presence of nutraceutic compounds. In this research, seeds from two cultivars of C. sativa (Futura 75 and Finola) grown in a mountain environment of the Italian Alps were analyzed. The main purpose of this study was to investigate changes in the protein profile of seeds obtained from such environments, using two methods (sequential and total proteins) for protein extraction and two analytical approaches SDS-PAGE and 2D-gel electrophoresis, followed by protein identification by mass spectrometry. The fatty acids profile and carotenoids content were also analysed. Mountain environments mainly affected fatty acid and protein profiles of Finola seeds. These changes were not predictable by the sole comparison of certified seeds from Futura 75 and Finola cultivars. The fatty acid profile confirmed a high PUFA content in both cultivars from mountain area, while protein analysis revealed a decrease in the protein content of Finola seeds from the experimental fields.
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23
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Wani SS, Dar PA, Zargar SM, Dar TA. Therapeutic Potential of Medicinal Plant Proteins: Present Status and Future Perspectives. Curr Protein Pept Sci 2021; 21:443-487. [PMID: 31746291 DOI: 10.2174/1389203720666191119095624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 10/10/2019] [Accepted: 10/27/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Biologically active molecules obtained from plant sources, mostly including secondary metabolites, have been considered to be of immense value with respect to the treatment of various human diseases. However, some inevitable limitations associated with these secondary metabolites like high cytotoxicity, low bioavailability, poor absorption, low abundance, improper metabolism, etc., have forced the scientific community to explore medicinal plants for alternate biologically active molecules. In this context, therapeutically active proteins/peptides from medicinal plants have been promoted as a promising therapeutic intervention for various human diseases. A large number of proteins isolated from the medicinal plants have been shown to exhibit anti-microbial, anti-oxidant, anti-HIV, anticancerous, ribosome-inactivating and neuro-modulatory activities. Moreover, with advanced technological developments in the medicinal plant research, medicinal plant proteins such as Bowman-Birk protease inhibitor and Mistletoe Lectin-I are presently under clinical trials against prostate cancer, oral carcinomas and malignant melanoma. Despite these developments and proteins being potential drug candidates, to date, not a single systematic review article has documented the therapeutical potential of the available biologically active medicinal plant proteome. The present article was therefore designed to describe the current status of the therapeutically active medicinal plant proteins/peptides vis-à-vis their potential as future protein-based drugs for various human diseases. Future insights in this direction have also been highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snober Shabeer Wani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Parvaiz A Dar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Sajad M Zargar
- Division of Plant Biotechnology, S. K. University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Srinagar, Shalimar-190025, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir, India
| | - Tanveer A Dar
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190006, Jammu and Kashmir, India
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Zaini PA, Feinberg NG, Grilo FS, Saxe HJ, Salemi MR, Phinney BS, Crisosto CH, Dandekar AM. Comparative Proteomic Analysis of Walnut ( Juglans regia L.) Pellicle Tissues Reveals the Regulation of Nut Quality Attributes. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:E314. [PMID: 33261033 PMCID: PMC7760677 DOI: 10.3390/life10120314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Walnuts (Juglans regia L.) are a valuable dietary source of polyphenols and lipids, with increasing worldwide consumption. California is a major producer, with 'Chandler' and 'Tulare' among the cultivars more widely grown. 'Chandler' produces kernels with extra light color at a higher frequency than other cultivars, gaining preference by growers and consumers. Here we performed a deep comparative proteome analysis of kernel pellicle tissue from these two valued genotypes at three harvest maturities, detecting a total of 4937 J. regia proteins. Late and early maturity stages were compared for each cultivar, revealing many developmental responses common or specific for each cultivar. Top protein biomarkers for each developmental stage were also selected based on larger fold-change differences and lower variance among replicates, including proteins for biosynthesis of lipids and phenols, defense-related proteins and desiccation stress-related proteins. Comparison between the genotypes also revealed the common and specific protein repertoires, totaling 321 pellicle proteins with differential abundance at harvest stage. The proteomics data provides clues on antioxidant, secondary, and hormonal metabolism that could be involved in the loss of quality in the pellicles during processing for commercialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo A. Zaini
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.A.Z.); (N.G.F.); (H.J.S.); (C.H.C.)
| | - Noah G. Feinberg
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.A.Z.); (N.G.F.); (H.J.S.); (C.H.C.)
| | - Filipa S. Grilo
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA;
| | - Houston J. Saxe
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.A.Z.); (N.G.F.); (H.J.S.); (C.H.C.)
| | - Michelle R. Salemi
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (M.R.S.); (B.S.P.)
| | - Brett S. Phinney
- Proteomics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (M.R.S.); (B.S.P.)
| | - Carlos H. Crisosto
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.A.Z.); (N.G.F.); (H.J.S.); (C.H.C.)
| | - Abhaya M. Dandekar
- Department of Plant Sciences, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (P.A.Z.); (N.G.F.); (H.J.S.); (C.H.C.)
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25
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Payne CD, Vadlamani G, Fisher MF, Zhang J, Clark RJ, Mylne JS, Rosengren KJ. Defining the Familial Fold of the Vicilin-Buried Peptide Family. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2020; 83:3030-3040. [PMID: 32997497 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jnatprod.0c00594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plants and their seeds have been shown to be a rich source of cystine-stabilized peptides. Recently a new family of plant seed peptides whose sequences are buried within precursors for seed storage vicilins was identified. Members of this Vicilin-Buried Peptide (VBP) family are found in distantly related plant species including the monocot date palm, as well as dicotyledonous species like pumpkin and sesame. Genetic evidence for their widespread occurrence indicates that they are of ancient origin. Limited structural studies have been conducted on VBP family members, but two members have been shown to adopt a helical hairpin fold. We present an extensive characterization of VBPs using solution NMR spectroscopy, to better understand their structural features. Four peptides were produced by solid phase peptide synthesis and shown to favor a helix-loop-helix hairpin fold, as a result of the I-IV/II-III ladderlike connectivity of their disulfide bonds. Interhelical interactions, including hydrophobic contacts and salt bridges, are critical for the fold stability and control the angle at which the antiparallel α-helices interface. Activities reported for VBPs include trypsin inhibitory activity and inhibition of ribosomal function; however, their diverse structural features despite a common fold suggest that additional bioactivities yet to be revealed are likely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Colton D Payne
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | | | | | | | - Richard J Clark
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | | | - K Johan Rosengren
- School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Zhang Y, Jin T. Almond allergens: update and perspective on identification and characterization. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:4657-4663. [PMID: 32270879 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Almond (Prunus dulcis) is not only widely used as a human food as a result of its flavor, nutrients, and health benefits, but it is also one of the most likely tree nuts to trigger allergies. Almond allergens, however, have not been studied as extensively as those of peanuts and other selected tree nuts. This review provides an update of the molecular properties of almond allergens to clarify some confusion about the identities of almond allergens and our perspective on characterizing putative almond allergens. At present, the following almond allergens have been designated by the World Health Organization/International Union of Immunological Societies Allergen Nomenclature Sub-Committee: Pru du 3 (a non-specific lipid transfer protein 1, nsLTP1), Pru du 4 (a profilin), Pru du 5 (60S acidic ribosomal protein 2), Pru du 6 (an 11S legumin known as prunin) and Pru du 8 (an antimicrobial protein with cC3C repeats). Besides, almond vicilin and almond γ-conglutin have been identified as food allergens, although further characterization of these allergens is still of interest. In addition, almond 2S albumin was reported as a food allergen as a result of the misidentification of Pru du 8. Two more almond proteins have been called allergens based on their sequence homology with known food allergens and their 'membership' in relevant protein families that contain allergens in many species. These include the pathogenesis related-10 protein (referred to as Pru du 1) and the thaumatin-like protein (referred to as Pru du 2). Almonds thus have five known food allergens and five more likely ones that need to be investigated further. Published 2020. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhu Zhang
- U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Pacific West Area, Western Regional Research Center, Albany, CA, USA
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Analysis of host protein interactions in plant viruses: an in silico study using Sesbania mosaic virus. Virus Genes 2020; 56:756-766. [PMID: 32951135 DOI: 10.1007/s11262-020-01794-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/08/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The dynamics of interactions of viral proteins with their host are pivotal in establishing a successful infection and ensuring systemic spread. To uncover these, an in silico analysis of the interactions between the coat protein (CP) of Sesbania mosaic virus (SeMV), a group IV virus with single-stranded positive-sense RNA genome was carried out with the known crystal structures of proteins belonging to the Fabaceae family, which is its natural host. SeMV is an isometric plant virus which infects Sesbania grandiflora, a member of Fabaceae, and causes mosaic symptoms. Earlier results have indicated that the assembly and disassembly events of SeMV favor the formation of CP dimers. Hence, the ability and strength of interactions of CP dimer with the host proteins were assessed using in silico protein-protein docking approaches. A set of 61 unique crystal structures of native proteins belonging to Fabaceae were downloaded from the Protein Data Bank (PDB) and docked with the CP dimer of SeMV. From the docking scores and interaction analysis, the host proteins were ranked according to their strength and significance of interactions with the CP dimers. The leads that were identified present themselves as strong candidates for developing antivirals against not only SeMV but also other related viruses that infect Fabaceae. The study is a prototype to understand host protein interactions in viruses and hosts.
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Howlader J, Robin AHK, Natarajan S, Biswas MK, Sumi KR, Song CY, Park JI, Nou IS. Transcriptome Analysis by RNA-Seq Reveals Genes Related to Plant Height in Two Sets of Parent-hybrid Combinations in Easter lily (Lilium longiflorum). Sci Rep 2020; 10:9082. [PMID: 32494055 PMCID: PMC7270119 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-65909-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, two different hybrids of Easter lily (Lilium longiflorum), obtained from two cross combinations, along with their four parents were sequenced by high–throughput RNA–sequencing (RNA–Seq) to find out differentially expressed gene in parent-hybrid combinations. The leaf mRNA profiles of two hybrids and their four parents were RNA–sequenced with a view to identify the potential candidate genes related to plant height heterosis. In both cross combinations, based to morphological traits mid–parent heterosis (MPH) was higher than high–parent heterosis (HPH) for plant height, leaf length, and number of flowers whereas HPH was higher than MPH for flowering time. A total of 4,327 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified through RNA–Seq between the hybrids and their parents based on fold changes (FC) ≥ 2 for up– and ≤ –2 for down–regulation. Venn diagram analysis revealed that there were 703 common DEGs in two hybrid combinations, those were either up– or down–regulated. Most of the commonly expressed DEGs exhibited higher non–additive effects especially overdominance (75.9%) rather than additive (19.4%) and dominance (4.76%) effects. Among the 384 functionally annotated DEGs identified through Blast2GO tool, 12 DEGs were up–regulated and 16 of them were down–regulated in a similar fashion in both hybrids as revealed by heat map analysis. These 28 universally expressed DEGs were found to encode different types of proteins and enzymes those might regulate heterosis by modulating growth, development and stress–related functions in lily. In addition, gene ontology (GO) analysis of 260 annotated DEGs revealed that biological process might play dominant role in heterotic expression. In this first report of transcriptome sequencing in Easter lily, the notable universally up-regulated DEGs annotated ABC transporter A family member–like, B3 domain–containing, disease resistance RPP13/1, auxin–responsive SAUR68–like, and vicilin–like antimicrobial peptides 2–2 proteins those were perhaps associated with plant height heterosis. The genes expressed universally due to their overdominace function perhaps influenced MPH for greater plant height― largely by modulating biological processes involved therein. The genes identified in this study might be exploited in heterosis breeding for plant height of L. longiflorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jewel Howlader
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, 255, Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam, 57922, Republic of Korea.,Department of Horticulture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Arif Hasan Khan Robin
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, 255, Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam, 57922, Republic of Korea.,Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh
| | - Sathishkumar Natarajan
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, 255, Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Manosh Kumar Biswas
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, 255, Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Kanij Rukshana Sumi
- Department of Fisheries Science, Chonnam National University, 50, Daehak-ro, Yeosu, Jeonnam, 59626, Republic of Korea.,Department of Aquaculture, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali, 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Cheon Young Song
- Department of Floriculture, Korea National College of Agriculture and Fisheries, 1515, Kongjwipatjwi-ro, Wansan-gu, Jeonju-si, Jeollabuk-do, 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-In Park
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, 255, Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam, 57922, Republic of Korea
| | - Ill-Sup Nou
- Department of Horticulture, Sunchon National University, 255, Jungang-ro, Suncheon, Jeonnam, 57922, Republic of Korea.
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29
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Nesbit JB, Schein CH, Braun BA, Gipson SAY, Cheng H, Hurlburt BK, Maleki SJ. Epitopes with similar physicochemical properties contribute to cross reactivity between peanut and tree nuts. Mol Immunol 2020; 122:223-231. [PMID: 32442779 DOI: 10.1016/j.molimm.2020.03.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Many individuals with peanut (PN) allergy have severe reactions to tree nuts (TN) such as walnuts or cashews. Although allergenic proteins in TN and PN have overall low identity, they share discrete sequences similar in physicochemical properties (PCP) to known IgE epitopes. Here, PCP-consensus peptides (cp, 13 aa and 31 aa) were identified from an alignment of epitope rich regions of walnut vicilin, Jug r 2, leader sequence (J2LS) and cross-reactive epitopes in the 2S albumins of peanut and synthesized. A peptide similarity search in the Structural Database of Allergenic Proteins (SDAP) revealed a network of peptides similar (low property distance, PD) to the 13 aa cp (13cp) in many different plant allergens. Peptides similar to the 13cp in PN and TN allergens bound IgE from sera of patients allergic to PN and TN in peptide microarray analysis. The 13cp was used to produce a rabbit consensus peptide antibody (cpAB) that detected proteins containing repeats similar to the 13cp in western blots of various nut extracts, in which reactive proteins were identified by mass spectrometry. The cpAB bound more specifically to allergens and nut extracts containing multiple repeats similar to the 13 cp, such as almond (Pru du 6), peanut (Ara h 2) and walnut (Jug r 2). IgE binding to various nut extracts is inhibited by recombinant J2LS sequence and synthetic 31cp. Thus, several repeated sequences similar to the 13cp are bound by IgE. Multiple similar repeats in several allergens could account for reaction severity and clinically relevant cross-reactivity to PN and TN. These findings may help improve detection, diagnostic, and therapeutic tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacqueline B Nesbit
- Dept of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Southern Regional Research Center (USDA-ARS-SRRC), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Catherine H Schein
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Institute for Human Infection and Immunity, University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (UTMB), TX, United States.
| | - Benjamin A Braun
- Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, United States
| | - Stephen A Y Gipson
- Dept of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Southern Regional Research Center (USDA-ARS-SRRC), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Hsiaopo Cheng
- Dept of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Southern Regional Research Center (USDA-ARS-SRRC), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Barry K Hurlburt
- Dept of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Southern Regional Research Center (USDA-ARS-SRRC), New Orleans, LA, United States
| | - Soheila J Maleki
- Dept of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service-Southern Regional Research Center (USDA-ARS-SRRC), New Orleans, LA, United States.
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30
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Slavokhotova AA, Rogozhin EA. Defense Peptides From the α-Hairpinin Family Are Components of Plant Innate Immunity. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:465. [PMID: 32391035 PMCID: PMC7191063 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plant immunity represents a sophisticated system, including both basal and inducible mechanisms, to prevent pathogen infection. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are among the innate immunity components playing a key role in effective and rapid response against various pathogens. This review is devoted to a small family of defense peptides called α-hairpinins. The general characters of the family, as well as the individual features of each member, including biological activities, structures of precursor proteins, and spatial structures, are described. Possible applications of α-hairpinin peptides in drug design are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A. Slavokhotova
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- Chumakov Federal Scientific Center for Research and Development of Immune-and-Biological Products of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugene A. Rogozhin
- M.M. Shemyakin and Yu.A. Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
- All-Russian Institute of Plant Protection, St. Petersburg-Pushkin, Russia
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, Moscow, Russia
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31
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Rost J, Muralidharan S, Lee NA. A label-free shotgun proteomics analysis of macadamia nut. Food Res Int 2020; 129:108838. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2019.108838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2019] [Revised: 11/12/2019] [Accepted: 11/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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32
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Spider Venom: Components, Modes of Action, and Novel Strategies in Transcriptomic and Proteomic Analyses. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11100611. [PMID: 31652611 PMCID: PMC6832493 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11100611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2019] [Accepted: 10/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
This review gives an overview on the development of research on spider venoms with a focus on structure and function of venom components and techniques of analysis. Major venom component groups are small molecular mass compounds, antimicrobial (also called cytolytic, or cationic) peptides (only in some spider families), cysteine-rich (neurotoxic) peptides, and enzymes and proteins. Cysteine-rich peptides are reviewed with respect to various structural motifs, their targets (ion channels, membrane receptors), nomenclature, and molecular binding. We further describe the latest findings concerning the maturation of antimicrobial, and cysteine-rich peptides that are in most known cases expressed as propeptide-containing precursors. Today, venom research, increasingly employs transcriptomic and mass spectrometric techniques. Pros and cons of venom gland transcriptome analysis with Sanger, 454, and Illumina sequencing are discussed and an overview on so far published transcriptome studies is given. In this respect, we also discuss the only recently described cross contamination arising from multiplexing in Illumina sequencing and its possible impacts on venom studies. High throughput mass spectrometric analysis of venom proteomes (bottom-up, top-down) are reviewed.
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Thery T, Lynch KM, Arendt EK. Natural Antifungal Peptides/Proteins as Model for Novel Food Preservatives. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2019; 18:1327-1360. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Thibaut Thery
- School of Food and Nutritional SciencesUniv. College Cork Ireland
| | - Kieran M. Lynch
- School of Food and Nutritional SciencesUniv. College Cork Ireland
| | - Elke K. Arendt
- School of Food and Nutritional SciencesUniv. College Cork Ireland
- Microbiome IrelandUniv. College Cork Ireland
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Che H, Zhang Y, Jiang S, Jin T, Lyu SC, Nadeau KC, McHugh T. Almond ( Prunus dulcis) Allergen Pru du 8, the First Member of a New Family of Food Allergens. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:8626-8631. [PMID: 31287307 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b02781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
An almond allergen with two known short peptide sequences was reported as the almond 2S albumin but was later suspected to be almond vicilin. However, this allergen was not designated by the World Health Organization/International Union of Immunological Societies. This study aimed to determine the true identity of this elusive almond allergen. cDNAs were synthesized from total RNA of the Nonpareil almond. The complete sequence of the previously reported almond allergen was determined from its coding sequence. The deduced protein was produced recombinantly and was confirmed to be a food allergen by testing with 18 almond-allergic sera. The allergen is a potential cysteine-rich antimicrobial protein with characteristic C[X]3C-[X]10-12-C[X]3C motifs of the hairpinin antimicrobial protein. This first member of a novel family of food allergens was named Pru du 8. The signature motif of the hairpinin antimicrobial protein can be found in the N-terminal region of some vicilin allergens (e.g., Ara h 1). It can also be found in the signal peptide of other vicilin allergens (e.g., Car i 2). In many species, however, vicilins do not contain such a motif, indicating that the presence of the signature motifs of the hairpinin antimicrobial protein in vicilins might be a result of translocation during evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huilian Che
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 17 Qinghua Donglu , Haidian District, Beijing 100038 , People's Republic of China
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street , Albany , California 94710 , United States
| | - Yuzhu Zhang
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street , Albany , California 94710 , United States
| | - Songsong Jiang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering , China Agricultural University , 17 Qinghua Donglu , Haidian District, Beijing 100038 , People's Republic of China
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street , Albany , California 94710 , United States
| | - Tengchuan Jin
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, Chinese Academy of Sciences Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center , University of Science & Technology of China , Hefei , Anhui 230007 , People's Republic of China
| | - Shu-Chen Lyu
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics , Stanford University School of Medicine , 269 Campus Drive , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Kari C Nadeau
- Division of Pediatric Immunology, Allergy, and Rheumatology, Department of Pediatrics , Stanford University School of Medicine , 269 Campus Drive , Stanford , California 94305 , United States
| | - Tara McHugh
- Western Regional Research Center, Pacific West Area, Agricultural Research Service , United States Department of Agriculture , 800 Buchanan Street , Albany , California 94710 , United States
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35
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Pouvreau B, Fenske R, Ivanova A, Murcha MW, Mylne JS. An interstitial peptide is readily processed from within seed proteins. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2019; 285:175-183. [PMID: 31203882 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2019.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The importance of de novo protein evolution is apparent, but most examples are de novo coding transcripts evolving from silent or non-coding DNA. The peptide macrocycle SunFlower Trypsin Inhibitor 1 (SFTI-1) evolved over 45 million years from genetic expansion within the N-terminal 'discarded' region of an ancestral seed albumin precursor. SFTI-1 and its adjacent albumin are both processed into separate, mature forms by asparaginyl endopeptidase (AEP). Here to determine whether the evolution of SFTI-1 in a latent region of its precursor was critical, we used a transgene approach in A. thaliana analysed by peptide mass spectrometry and RT-qPCR. SFTI could emerge from alternative locations within preproalbumin as well as emerge with precision from unrelated seed proteins via AEP-processing. SFTI production was possible with the adjacent albumin, but peptide levels dropped greatly without the albumin. The ability for SFTI to be processed from multiple sequence contexts and different proteins suggests that to make peptide, it was not crucial for the genetic expansion that gave rise to SFTI and its family to be within a latent protein region. Interstitial peptides, evolving like SFTI within existing proteins, might be more widespread and as a mechanism, SFTI exemplifies a stable, new, functional peptide that did not need a new gene to evolve de novo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Pouvreau
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia; The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Ricarda Fenske
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia; The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Aneta Ivanova
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia; The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Monika W Murcha
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia; The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia
| | - Joshua S Mylne
- School of Molecular Sciences, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia; The ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Crawley, Perth, 6009, Australia.
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Finkina EI, Melnikova DN, Bogdanov IV, Ovchinnikova TV. Peptides of the Innate Immune System of Plants. Part II. Biosynthesis, Biological Functions, and Possible Practical Applications. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162019020043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Zhang J, Payne CD, Pouvreau B, Schaefer H, Fisher MF, Taylor NL, Berkowitz O, Whelan J, Rosengren KJ, Mylne JS. An Ancient Peptide Family Buried within Vicilin Precursors. ACS Chem Biol 2019; 14:979-993. [PMID: 30973714 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
New proteins can evolve by duplication and divergence or de novo, from previously noncoding DNA. A recently observed mechanism is for peptides to evolve within a "host" protein and emerge by proteolytic processing. The first examples of such interstitial peptides were ones hosted by precursors for seed storage albumin. Interstitial peptides have also been observed in precursors for seed vicilins, but current evidence for vicilin-buried peptides (VBPs) is limited to seeds of the broadleaf plants pumpkin and macadamia. Here, an extensive sequence analysis of vicilin precursors suggested that peptides buried within the N-terminal region of preprovicilins are widespread and truly ancient. Gene sequences indicative of interstitial peptides were found in species from Amborellales to eudicots and include important grass and legume crop species. We show the first protein evidence for a monocot VBP in date palm seeds as well as protein evidence from other crops including the common tomato, sesame and pumpkin relatives, cucumber, and the sponge loofah ( Luffa aegyptiaca). Their excision was consistent with asparaginyl endopeptidase-mediated maturation, and sequences were confirmed by tandem mass spectrometry. Our findings suggest that the family is large and ancient and that based on the NMR solution structures for loofah Luffin P1 and tomato VBP-8, VBPs adopt a helical hairpin fold stapled by two internal disulfide bonds. The first VBPs characterized were a protease inhibitor, antimicrobials, and a ribosome inactivator. The age and evolutionary retention of this peptide family suggest its members play important roles in plant biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Colton D. Payne
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
| | | | - Hanno Schaefer
- Department of Ecology and Ecosystem Management, Plant Biodiversity Research, Technical University of Munich, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | | | | | - Oliver Berkowitz
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences and ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, AgriBio, The Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086 Australia
| | - James Whelan
- Department of Animal, Plant, and Soil Sciences, School of Life Sciences and ARC Centre of Excellence in Plant Energy Biology, AgriBio, The Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria 3086 Australia
| | - K. Johan Rosengren
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland 4072, Australia
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Ozias‐Akins P, Breiteneder H. The functional biology of peanut allergens and possible links to their allergenicity. Allergy 2019; 74:888-898. [PMID: 30636003 PMCID: PMC6563476 DOI: 10.1111/all.13719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2018] [Revised: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Peanut is one of the most common food triggers of fatal anaphylaxis worldwide although peanut allergy affects only 1%-2% of the general population. Peanuts are the source of highly potent allergenic proteins. It is emerging that the allergenicity of certain proteins is linked to their biological function. Peanut is an unusual crop in that it flowers aboveground but produces its seed-containing pods underground. This so-called geocarpic fruiting habit exposes pods and seeds during their development to soilborne pathogens and pests. Pest damage can also open routes of entry for opportunistic fungi such as Aspergillus. Although seed proteins have primary functions in nutrient reservoirs, lipid storage bodies, or the cytoskeleton, they have also evolved to act as part of the plant's defense system to enhance fitness and survival of the species. When interacting with pathogens or pests, these proteins modify and damage cells' membranes, interact with immune receptors, and modulate signaling pathways. Moreover, following exposure, the immune system of predisposed individuals reacts to these proteins with the production of specific IgE. This review explores the evolutionary biology of peanut and its seed proteins and highlights possible links between the proteins' biological function and their allergenicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peggy Ozias‐Akins
- Genetic & Genomics and Department of Horticulture Institute of Plant Breeding University of Georgia Tifton Georgia
| | - Heimo Breiteneder
- Institute of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research Medical University of Vienna Vienna Austria
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Ryazantsev DY, Rogozhin EA, Tsvetkov VO, Yarullina LG, Smirnov AN, Zavriev SK. Diversity of Harpin-Like Defense Peptides from Barnyard Grass (Echinochloa crusgalli L.) Seeds. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2019; 484:6-8. [PMID: 31012001 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672919010022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The results of the study of the structure and function of harpin-like peptides (alpha-harpinins) of the EcAMP group from the barnyard grass (E. crusgalli) seeds and the possibility of their involvement in the innate immunity to biotic stresses are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Yu Ryazantsev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, 117997, Moscow, Russia.
| | - E A Rogozhin
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, 117997, Moscow, Russia.
| | - V O Tsvetkov
- Bashkir State University, 450076, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - L G Yarullina
- Institute of Biochemistry and Genetics, Ufa Research Center, Russian Academy of Sciences, 450054, Ufa, Bashkortostan, Russia
| | - A N Smirnov
- Russian State Agrarian University-Moscow Timiryazev Agricultural Academy, 127550, Moscow, Russia
| | - S K Zavriev
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Science, 117997, Moscow, Russia.
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Finkina EI, Melnikova DN, Bogdanov IV, Ovchinnikova TV. Peptides of the Innate Immune System of Plants. Part I. Structure, Biological Activity, and Mechanisms of Action. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF BIOORGANIC CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1068162019010060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Characterization of Hydroxyproline-Containing Hairpin-Like Antimicrobial Peptide EcAMP1-Hyp from Barnyard Grass ( Echinochloa crusgalli L.) Seeds: Structural Identification and Comparative Analysis of Antifungal Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19113449. [PMID: 30400225 PMCID: PMC6274906 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19113449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Herein, we describe a modified form of the antimicrobial hairpin-like peptide EcAMP1, isolated from barnyard grass (E. crusgalli) seeds, which is structurally characterized by a combination of high-pressure liquid chromatography, mass spectrometry, and automated Edman sequencing. This derivate has a single amino acid substitution (Pro19Hyp) in the second α-helical region of the molecule, which is critical for the formation of the hydrophobic core and the secondary structure elements. Comparing the antifungal activity of these two peptides, we found that the modified EcAMP1-Hyp had a significantly weaker activity towards the most-sensitive plant pathogenic fungus Fusarium solani. Molecular dynamics simulations and in vitro binding to the commercial polysaccharides allowed us to conclude that the Pro-19 residue is important for binding to carbohydrates located in the spore cell wall and it chiefly exhibits a fungistatic action representing the hyphal growth inhibition. These data are novel and significant for understanding a role of α-hairpinins in plant immunity.
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Tang SS, Prodhan ZH, Biswas SK, Le CF, Sekaran SD. Antimicrobial peptides from different plant sources: Isolation, characterisation, and purification. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2018; 154:94-105. [PMID: 30031244 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2018.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 07/07/2018] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), the self-defence products of organisms, are extensively distributed in plants. They can be classified into several groups, including thionins, defensins, snakins, lipid transfer proteins, glycine-rich proteins, cyclotides and hevein-type proteins. AMPs can be extracted and isolated from different plants and plant organs such as stems, roots, seeds, flowers and leaves. They perform various physiological defensive mechanisms to eliminate viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites, and so could be used as therapeutic and preservative agents. Research on AMPs has sought to obtain more detailed and reliable information regarding the selection of suitable plant sources and the use of appropriate isolation and purification techniques, as well as examining the mode of action of these peptides. Well-established AMP purification techniques currently used include salt precipitation methods, absorption-desorption, a combination of ion-exchange and reversed-phase C18 solid phase extraction, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC), and the sodium dodecyl sulphate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE) method. Beyond these traditional methods, this review aims to highlight new and different approaches to the selection, characterisation, isolation, purification, mode of action and bioactivity assessment of a range of AMPs collected from plant sources. The information gathered will be helpful in the search for novel AMPs distributed in the plant kingdom, as well as providing future directions for the further investigation of AMPs for possible use on humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Swee-Seong Tang
- Division of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Zakaria H Prodhan
- Division of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Department of Agronomy, Institute of Crop Science, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Sudhangshu K Biswas
- Division of Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Malaya, 50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
| | - Cheng-Foh Le
- School of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Nottingham Malaysia Campus, Semenyih, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Shamala D Sekaran
- Faculty of Medicine, MAHSA University, Saujana Putra Campus, 42610, Jenjarum, Selangor, Malaysia.
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Rogozhin E, Ryazantsev D, Smirnov A, Zavriev S. Primary Structure Analysis of Antifungal Peptides from Cultivated and Wild Cereals. PLANTS 2018; 7:plants7030074. [PMID: 30213105 PMCID: PMC6160967 DOI: 10.3390/plants7030074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2018] [Revised: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 09/06/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Cereal-derived bioactive peptides with antimicrobial activity have been poorly explored compared to those from dicotyledonous plants. Furthermore, there are a few reports addressing the structural differences between antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from cultivated and wild cereals, which may shed light on significant varieties in the range and level of their antimicrobial activity. We performed a primary structure analysis of some antimicrobial peptides from wild and cultivated cereals to find out the features that are associated with the much higher antimicrobial resistance characteristic of wild plants. In this review, we identified and analyzed the main parameters determining significant antifungal activity. They relate to a high variability level in the sequences of C-terminal fragments and a high content of hydrophobic amino acid residues in the biologically active defensins in wild cereals, in contrast to AMPs from cultivated forms that usually exhibit weak, if any, activity. We analyzed the similarity of various physicochemical parameters between thionins and defensins. The presence of a high divergence on a fixed part of any polypeptide that is close to defensins could be a determining factor. For all of the currently known hevein-like peptides of cereals, we can say that the determining factor in this regard is the structure of the chitin-binding domain, and in particular, amino acid residues that are not directly involved in intermolecular interaction with chitin. The analysis of amino acid sequences of alpha-hairpinins (hairpin-like peptides) demonstrated much higher antifungal activity and more specificity of the peptides from wild cereals compared with those from wheat and corn, which may be associated with the presence of a mini cluster of positively charged amino acid residues. In addition, at least one hydrophobic residue may be responsible for binding to the components of fungal cell membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene Rogozhin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia.
- Gause Institute of New Antibiotics, ul. Bolshaya Pirogovskaya, 11, 119021 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Dmitry Ryazantsev
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Alexey Smirnov
- Department of Plant Protection Timiryazev Russian Agricultural University, ul. Timiryazevskaya 49, 127550 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Sergey Zavriev
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, ul. Miklukho-Maklaya 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia.
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Cui X, Du J, Li J, Wang Z. Inhibitory site of α-hairpinin peptide from tartary buckwheat has no effect on its antimicrobial activities. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2018; 50:408-416. [PMID: 29509838 DOI: 10.1093/abbs/gmy015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/29/2018] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are known to play important roles in the innate host defense mechanisms of most living organisms. Protease inhibitors from plants potently inhibit the growth of a variety of pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Therefore, there are excellent candidates for the development of novel antimicrobial agents. In this study, an antimicrobial peptide derived from tartary buckwheat seeds (FtAMP) was obtained by gene cloning, expression and purification, which exhibited inhibitory activity toward trypsin. Furthermore, the relationship between the antimicrobial and inhibitory activities of FtAMP was investigated. Two mutants (FtAMP-R21A and FtAMP-R21F) were generated through site-directed mutagenesis. Inhibitory activity analysis showed that both FtAMP-R21A and FtAMP-R21F lost trypsin-inhibitory activity. However, FtAMP-R21A and FtAMP-R21F showed novel inhibitory activities against elastase and α-chymotrypsin, respectively, suggesting that Arg-21 in the inhibitory site loop is specific for the inhibitory activity of FtAMP against trypsin. Antimicrobial assays showed that all three peptides exhibited strong antifungal activity against Trichoderma koningii, Rhizopus sp., and Fusarium oxysporum. These results showed that the changes in FtAMP inhibitory site have no effect on their antifungal properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaodong Cui
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jingjing Du
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Taiyuan 030006, China
- Institute of Biotechnology, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Jiao Li
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Taiyuan 030006, China
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
| | - Zhuanhua Wang
- Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education, Taiyuan 030006, China
- School of Life Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, China
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Licá ICL, Soares AMDS, de Mesquita LSS, Malik S. Biological properties and pharmacological potential of plant exudates. Food Res Int 2018; 105:1039-1053. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2017.11.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2017] [Revised: 11/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Geiselhart S, Nagl C, Dubiela P, Pedersen AC, Bublin M, Radauer C, Bindslev-Jensen C, Hoffmann-Sommergruber K, Mortz CG. Concomitant sensitization to legumin, Fag e 2 and Fag e 5 predicts buckwheat allergy. Clin Exp Allergy 2017; 48:217-224. [PMID: 29171912 PMCID: PMC5814722 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 11/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Background Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum) has become increasingly popular as a healthy food in Europe. However, for sensitized individuals, consumption can cause anaphylactic reactions. The aim of this study was to identify individual well‐characterized buckwheat allergens for component‐resolved diagnosis. Methods Patients were selected by positive skin prick test to buckwheat and divided into two groups: (1) sensitized to buckwheat without clinical symptoms and (2) buckwheat allergy. Buckwheat proteins were extracted from raw buckwheat seeds, purified applying a combination of protein precipitation and chromatographic methods, and analyzed by IgE immunoblotting and ELISA. Results Buckwheat‐allergic patients had a significantly larger median skin prick test weal diameter for buckwheat than the sensitized group and the positive control. Also, IgE immunoblotting clearly showed a distinct pattern in sera from allergic patients when compared to sensitized individuals. Several IgE‐reactive proteins were purified from crude buckwheat extract, namely legumin (Fag e 1 plus its large subunit), Fag e 2 (2S albumin), and newly identified Fag e 5 (vicilin‐like) as well as hevein‐like antimicrobial peptides, designated Fag e 4. All four allergens showed superior diagnostic precision compared to extract‐based ImmunoCAP with high sensitivity as well as high specificity. Conclusions Patients with clinical symptoms clearly show a distinct allergen recognition pattern. We characterized a buckwheat vicilin‐like protein as a new relevant marker allergen, designated Fag e 5. Additionally, another new allergen, Fag e 4, potentially important for cross‐reactivity to latex was added to the allergen panel of buckwheat. Further, our data show that the full‐length legumin comprising both, large and small subunit should be applied for component‐resolved diagnosis. Our data indicate that concomitant sensitization to legumin, Fag e 2 and Fag e 5, predicts buckwheat allergy.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Geiselhart
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Nagl
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - P Dubiela
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - A C Pedersen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - M Bublin
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Radauer
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C Bindslev-Jensen
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
| | - K Hoffmann-Sommergruber
- Department of Pathophysiology and Allergy Research, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - C G Mortz
- Department of Dermatology and Allergy Center, Odense Research Center for Anaphylaxis (ORCA), Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark
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Riebel M, Fronk P, Distler U, Tenzer S, Decker H. Proteomic profiling of German Dornfelder grape berries using data-independent acquisition. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2017; 118:64-70. [PMID: 28618374 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2017] [Revised: 05/29/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Grapevine is one of the most important fruit plants throughout the world. Sequencing of the grape genome in 2007 enabled in-depth analyses of the grape proteome. Whereas many studies addressed changes in proteomic composition of grapes during ripening, we focused on the proteome of mature grape berries from Dornfelder, a characteristic red wine grape for Germany. Current data-independent acquisition proteomics technology enables the analysis of proteomic compositions in a degree of accuracy that was unreachable only a few years ago. Using a label-free proteomics approach, we quantified 712 proteins in mature Dornfelder grape berries, of which 650 could be annotated by the Blast2GO software. Besides identification of proteins, our analysis provides protein amounts using the TOP3 absolute quantification approach. Most of the proteins (200) in mature Dornfelder grape berries are involved in stress response. In addition, all glycolytic key enzymes were detected in mature grape berries suggesting that glycolysis is still active, whereas sugar accumulation through gluconeogenesis utilizing malate as substrate seems to play a minor role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Riebel
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Molecular Biophysics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Jakob-Welder-Weg, 26, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Petra Fronk
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Molecular Biophysics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Jakob-Welder-Weg, 26, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Ute Distler
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Stefan Tenzer
- Institute for Immunology, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Langenbeckstr. 1, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Heinz Decker
- Institute for Molecular Physiology, Molecular Biophysics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Jakob-Welder-Weg, 26, D-55128 Mainz, Germany.
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Slavokhotova AA, Shelenkov AA, Korostyleva TV, Rogozhin EA, Melnikova NV, Kudryavtseva AV, Odintsova TI. Defense peptide repertoire of Stellaria media predicted by high throughput next generation sequencing. Biochimie 2016; 135:15-27. [PMID: 28038935 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Being perfectly adapted to diverse environments, chickweed (Stellaria media (L.) Vill), a ubiquitous garden weed, grows widely in Europe and North America. As opposed to the model plants, many weeds, and S. media in particular, have been poorly studied, although they are likely to contain promising components of immunity and novel resistance genes. In this study, for the first time RNA-seq analysis of healthy and infected with Fusarium oxysporum chickweed seedlings, as well as de novo transcriptome assembly and annotation, are presented. Note, this research is focused on antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), the major components of plant immune system. Using custom software developed earlier, 145 unique putative AMPs (pAMPs) including defensins, thionins, hevein-like peptides, snakins, alpha-hairpinins, LTPs, and cysteine-rich peptides with novel cysteine motifs were predicted. Furthermore, changes in AMP expression profile in response to fungal infection were traced. In addition, the comparison of chickweed AMP repertoire with those of other Caryophyllaceae plants whose transcriptomes are presently available is made. As a result, alpha-hairpinins and hevein-like peptides which display characteristic modular structure appear to be specific AMPs distinguishing S. media from Dianthus caryophyllus, Silene vulgaris, and Silene latifolia. Finally, revealing several AMPs with proven antimicrobial activity gives opportunity to conclude that the presented method of AMP repertoire analysis reveals highly active AMPs playing vital role in plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna A Slavokhotova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Andrey A Shelenkov
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Tatyana V Korostyleva
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Eugene A Rogozhin
- Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 16/10 Miklukho-Maklaya Str., 117997 Moscow, Russian Federation.
| | - Nataliya V Melnikova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilova Str., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Anna V Kudryavtseva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilova Str., Moscow 119991, Russian Federation.
| | - Tatyana I Odintsova
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 3 Gubkina Str., 119991 Moscow, Russian Federation.
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Jimenez-Lopez JC, Melser S, DeBoer K, Thatcher LF, Kamphuis LG, Foley RC, Singh KB. Narrow-Leafed Lupin ( Lupinus angustifolius) β1- and β6-Conglutin Proteins Exhibit Antifungal Activity, Protecting Plants against Necrotrophic Pathogen Induced Damage from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Phytophthora nicotianae. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2016; 7:1856. [PMID: 28018392 PMCID: PMC5161055 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2016.01856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Vicilins (7S globulins) are seed storage proteins and constitute the main protein family in legume seeds, particularly in narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.; NLL), where seven vicilin genes, called β1- to β7-conglutin have been identified. Vicilins are involved in germination processes supplying amino acids for seedling growth and plant development, as well as in some cases roles in plant defense and protection against pathogens. The roles of NLL β-conglutins in plant defense are unknown. Here the potential role of five NLL β-conglutin family members in protection against necrotrophic fungal pathogens was investigated and it was demonstrated that recombinant purified 6xHis-tagged β1- and β6-conglutin proteins exhibited the strongest in vitro growth inhibitory activity against a range of necrotrophic fungal pathogens compared to β2, β3, and β4 conglutins. To examine activity in vivo, two representative necrotrophic pathogens, the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and oomycete Phytophthora nicotianae were used. Transient expression of β1- and β6-conglutin proteins in Nicotiana benthamiana leaves demonstrated in vivo growth suppression of both of these pathogens, resulting in low percentages of hyphal growth and elongation in comparison to control treated leaves. Cellular studies using β1- and β6-GFP fusion proteins showed these conglutins localized to the cell surface including plasmodesmata. Analysis of cellular death following S. sclerotiorum or P. nicotianae revealed both β1- and β6-conglutins suppressed pathogen induced cell death in planta and prevented pathogen induced suppression of the plant oxidative burst as determined by protein oxidation in infected compared to mock-inoculated leaves.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose C. Jimenez-Lopez
- The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- Department of Biochemistry, Cell and Molecular Biology of Plants, Estacion Experimental del Zaidin, Spanish National Research CouncilGranada, Spain
| | - Su Melser
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, FloreatWA, Australia
| | - Kathleen DeBoer
- The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, FloreatWA, Australia
| | - Louise F. Thatcher
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, FloreatWA, Australia
| | - Lars G. Kamphuis
- The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, FloreatWA, Australia
| | - Rhonda C. Foley
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, FloreatWA, Australia
| | - Karam B. Singh
- The Institute of Agriculture, The University of Western Australia, PerthWA, Australia
- Centre for Environment and Life Sciences, Agriculture and Food, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, FloreatWA, Australia
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Sousa DA, Porto WF, Silva MZ, da Silva TR, Franco OL. Influence of Cysteine and Tryptophan Substitution on DNA-Binding Activity on Maize α-Hairpinin Antimicrobial Peptide. Molecules 2016; 21:E1062. [PMID: 27529210 PMCID: PMC6273665 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
For almost four decades, antimicrobial peptides have been studied, and new classes are being discovered. However, for therapeutic use of these molecules, issues related to the mechanism of action must be answered. In this work, the antimicrobial activity of the hairpinin MBP-1 was studied by the synthesis of two variants, one replacing cysteines and one tryptophan with alanine. Antibacterial activity was abolished in both variants. No membrane disturbance, even in concentrations higher than those required to inhibit the bacteria, was observed in SEM microscopy. The gel retardation assay showed that MBP-1 possesses a higher DNA-binding ability than variants. Finally, molecular modelling showed that the lack of cysteines resulted in structure destabilization and lack of tryptophan resulted in a less flexible peptide, with less solvent assessable surface area, both characteristics that could contribute to absence of activity. In summary, the data here reported add more information about the multiple mechanisms of action of α-hairpinins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel A Sousa
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil.
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70790-160, Brazil.
| | - William F Porto
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70790-160, Brazil.
| | - Maria Z Silva
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70790-160, Brazil.
| | - Tatiane R da Silva
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70790-160, Brazil.
| | - Octávio L Franco
- Programa de Pós Graduação em Patologia Molecular, Universidade de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70910-900, Brazil.
- Centro de Análises Proteômicas e Bioquímicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Genômicas e Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica de Brasília, Brasília, DF 70790-160, Brazil.
- S-Inova Biotech, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Universidade Catolica Dom Bosco, Campo Grande, MS 79117-900, Brazil.
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