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Baleotti W, Ruiz MO, Fabron A, Castilho L, Giuliatti S, Donadi EA. HLA-DRB1*07:01 allele is primarily associated with the Diego a alloimmunization in a Brazilian population. Transfusion 2014; 54:2468-76. [PMID: 24724911 DOI: 10.1111/trf.12652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/14/2014] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Diego blood group presents a major polymorphic site at Residue 854, causing a proline (Di(b) antigen) to leucine (Di(a) antigen) substitution. Di(a) alloimmunization has been observed among Asian and Native South American populations. Considering that Brazilians represent a genetically diverse population, and considering that we have observed a high incidence of Di(a) alloimmunization, we typed HLA-DRB1 alleles in these patients and performed in silico studies to investigate the possible associated mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS We studied 212 alloimmunized patients, of whom 24 presented immunoglobulin G anti-Di(a) , 15 received Di(a+) red blood cells and were not immunized, and 1008 were healthy donors. HLA typing was performed using commercial kits. In silico analyses were performed using the TEPITOPEpan software to identify Diego-derived anchor peptide binding to HLA-DRB1 molecules. Residue alignment was performed using the IMGT/HLA for amino acid identity and homology analyses. RESULTS HLA-DRB1*07:01 allele was overrepresented in Di(a) -alloimmunized patients compared to nonimmunized patients and to healthy donors. Two motifs were predicted to be potential epitopes for Di(a) alloimmunization, the WVVKSTLAS motif was predicted to bind several HLA-DR molecules, and the FVLILTVPL motif exhibited highest affinity for the HLA-DRB1*07:01 molecule. Pocket 4 of the DRB1*07:01 molecule contained specific residues not found in other HLA-DRB1 molecules, particularly those at Positions 13(Y), 74(Q), and 78(V). CONCLUSION Individuals carrying the HLA-DRB1*07:01 allele present an increased risk for Di(a) alloimmunization. The identification of susceptible individuals and the knowledge of potential sensitization peptides are relevant approaches for transfusion care, diagnostic purposes, and desensitization therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Baleotti
- Faculty of Medicine of Marília (FAMEMA), Marília, São Paulo, Brazil
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2
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Martin FO, de Menezes SS, Chiba AK, Langhi DM, Nardozza LM, Chiattone CS, Bordin JO. RHD gene polymorphisms in alloimmunized RhD-negative individuals with high rate of racial admixture. Transfus Apher Sci 2013; 48:113-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.transci.2012.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2012] [Accepted: 09/18/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Yoon JH, Oh S, Shin S, Park JS, Roh EY, Song EY, Park MH, Han KS, Chang JY. The polymorphism of Knops blood group system in Korean population and their relationship with HLA system. Hum Immunol 2012; 74:196-8. [PMID: 23127551 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2012.10.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/26/2012] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The main purpose of this report is to provide baseline gene frequencies of Knops blood group in the complement receptor 1 gene (CR1) in Korean population. In addition, possible relationship between the CR1 polymorphism and HLA specificities were studied, because the two systems had principal importance in immunity. CR1, which contains Knops antigens, was investigated by PCR-direct sequencing from 238 cord blood from Koreans. HLA data was archived from the enrolled cord blood units. Among the 7 SNPs, only 4843 (for KCAM antigen) and 4223 (for Yk(a)) nucleotide positions showed polymorphism. The genotype frequencies of KCAM were A/A (62.2%), A/G (33.2%), and G/G (4.6%); Yk(a) were C/C (29.4%), C/T (50%), and T/T (20.6%). KCAM (A/A) associated with HLA-DRB1(∗)13 (p=0.003, P(c)=0.0513); KCAM (G/G) with HLA-A(∗)30 (p<0.001, P(c)=0.0012). The Knops blood group system in Korean population has no diversity, except SNPs for KCAM and Yk(a), and the genotype of KCAM related with specific HLA alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hyun Yoon
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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4
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Meny GM, Flickinger C, Marcucci C. The American Rare Donor Program. J Crit Care 2012; 28:110.e9-110.e18. [PMID: 22520495 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcrc.2012.02.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2011] [Revised: 02/23/2012] [Accepted: 02/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
The American Rare Donor Program (ARDP), headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, maintains a comprehensive database of donors with "rare blood types." The ARDP secures blood and blood products for difficult-to-transfuse patients. Remarkably, a significant number of physicians, both in the United States and abroad, remain unaware of the unique and critical services that the ARDP provides to critical care specialists and their patients.
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Noh SJ, Lee YT, Byrnes C, Miller JL. A transcriptome-based examination of blood group expression. Transfus Clin Biol 2010; 17:120-5. [PMID: 20685146 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2010.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2010] [Accepted: 06/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, red cell biologists witnessed a vast expansion of genetic-based information pertaining to blood group antigens and their carrier molecules. Genetic progress has led to a better comprehension of the associated antigens. To assist with studies concerning the integrated regulation and function of blood groups, transcript levels for each of the 36 associated genes were studied. Profiles using mRNA from directly sampled reticulocytes and cultured primary erythroblasts are summarized in this report. Transcriptome profiles suggest a highly regulated pattern of blood group gene expression during erythroid differentiation and ontogeny. Approximately one-third of the blood group carrier genes are transcribed in an erythroid-specific fashion. Low-level and indistinct expression was noted for most of the carbohydrate-associated genes. Methods are now being developed to further explore and manipulate expression of the blood group genes at all stages of human erythropoiesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S-J Noh
- Molecular Medicine Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institutes of Health (NIH), 31 Center Drive, Bethesda, Building 10, Room 9N311, MD 20892, USA
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7
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[The red blood cell antigen terminologies]. Transfus Clin Biol 2009; 16:388-99. [PMID: 19716739 DOI: 10.1016/j.tracli.2009.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2009] [Accepted: 07/10/2009] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Since the discovery of blood groups in humans, several hundred new red blood cell antigens have been identified. Multiple terminology modes have been used to denote each new antigen identified, but without any consistent rules, nor international consensus. This was largely due to the many discoverers of these antigens, using either letters of the alphabet, numbers, part of the patient or donor's name, place of discovery or animal names. Besides, alternative terminologies for the Rh system were implemented in the middle of the twentieth century (Rosenfield, Fisher-Race, Wiener). The International Society of Blood Transfusion described for the first time in 1980 the advantages of an alphanumeric and homogeneous nomenclature, keeping with the genetic bases of blood groups, as well as a classification of all RBC antigens within several families. A variant of this new terminology, exclusively numerical, was simultaneously established, mainly designed for computer data exchange. Nearly 30 years later, 308 red blood cell antigens are described within 30 systems, 12 collections, one 700 series and one 901 series of blood groups. Any person involved in the field of immuno-haematology must master both the usual and international nomenclatures. The Wiener nomenclature used for Rh haplotypes, still largely used today, is also important to be known. The systematic use of the international nomenclature should be strongly encouraged, either in the labelling of blood products, clinical laboratory reports or blood type cards.
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Mota M, Fonseca NL, Rodrigues A, Kutner JM, Castilho L. Anti-D alloimmunization by weak D type 1 red blood cells with a very low antigen density. Vox Sang 2005; 88:130-5. [PMID: 15720611 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2005.00604.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Mota
- Departamento de Hemoterapia, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, SP, Brazil.
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9
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Daniels GL, Fletcher A, Garratty G, Henry S, Jørgensen J, Judd WJ, Levene C, Lomas-Francis C, Moulds JJ, Moulds JM, Moulds M, Overbeeke M, Reid ME, Rouger P, Scott M, Sistonen P, Smart E, Tani Y, Wendel S, Zelinski T. Blood group terminology 2004: from the International Society of Blood Transfusion committee on terminology for red cell surface antigens. Vox Sang 2005; 87:304-16. [PMID: 15585029 DOI: 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2004.00564.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G L Daniels
- Bristol Institute for Transfusion Sciences, Bristol, UK.
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Jarolim P, Kalábová D, Reid ME. Substitution Glu480Lys in erythroid band 3 corresponds to the Fr(a) blood group antigen and supports existence of the second ectoplasmic loop of band 3. Transfusion 2004; 44:684-9. [PMID: 15104648 DOI: 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2004.03291.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polymorphisms in extracellular loops of RBC band 3 correspond to antigens of the Diego blood group system. Of the seven putative extracellular loops, no mutations have until recently been found in the second, fifth, and sixth loops. We detected a substitution Glu480Lys that would be located in its second ectoplasmic loop. We hypothesized the substitution may underlie a novel antigen of the Diego system. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS IAT was performed using two different multispecific sera containing anti-Fr(a) and a series of multispecific sera containing antibodies against other blood group antigens of the Diego blood group system but not agglutinating Fr(a+) RBCs. Biosynthesis of band 3 was studied by RT-PCR of reticulocyte RNA and electrophoresis of solubilized RBC membranes. Anion exchange function of band 3 was studied by measuring the influx of radiolabeled sulfate. RESULTS RBCs from the Glu480Lys carrier were agglutinated with sera containing anti-Fr(a) and not by sera with specificities for other antigens of the Diego system. We detected identical quantities of mRNA corresponding to the two band-3 alleles and normal content of band 3 in the RBC membranes, as well as normal sulfate influx into RBCs from the Fr(a) heterozygote. CONCLUSIONS We confirmed the previously reported molecular basis of the Fr(a) antigen, thus providing supportive evidence for the existence of the second extracellular loop of band 3. We also demonstrated that this substitution does not affect mRNA stability, surface expression, and anion exchange function of band 3.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petr Jarolim
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
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Flegel WA, Wagner FF. Blutgruppen: Alloantigene auf Erythrozyten. TRANSFUSIONSMEDIZIN 2004. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-662-10597-9_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Hellberg A, Steffensen R, Yahalom V, Sojka BN, Heier HE, Levene C, Poole J, Olsson ML. Additional molecular bases of the clinically important p blood group phenotype. Transfusion 2003; 43:899-907. [PMID: 12823750 DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2003.00425.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to explore the molecular basis of the p phenotype by analysis of the recently cloned 4-alpha-galactosyltransferase gene responsible for synthesis of Pk (Gb3) antigen. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Forty samples from individuals of eight different nationalities were investigated by serologic methods and DNA sequencing of the Pk gene. RESULTS Ten different Pk-null alleles, of which 6 are novel, were encountered. The 29 Swedes were homozygous for M183K or G187D, with the former as the predominant allele. Three Israelis were homozygous for a single-nucleotide deletion at codon 219 that shifts and truncates the reading frame by 5 amino acids. Two Italians were homozygous for a triplet deletion causing F81del, while an English donor was heterozygous for F81del but also carried another allele with a combined deletion and insertion. A Pole was heterozygous for alleles with either a single-base deletion at codon 257 or a mutation causing S97L. A Norwegian person and a Japanese person were homozygous for single-base insertions causing a premature stop at codon 282 or extension of the protein by 92 residues, respectively. In 2 samples no mutations were detected. CONCLUSION The genetic heterogeneity underlying the p phenotype is further emphasized by this study. To date, 11 p-specific mutations have been found in 14 distinct alleles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asa Hellberg
- Blood Center, Lund University Hospital and Department of Transfusion Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
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Baleotti W, Rios M, Reid ME, Fabron A, Pellegrino J, Saad STO, Castilho L. A novel DI*A allele without the Band 3-Memphis mutation in Amazonian Indians. Vox Sang 2003; 84:326-30. [PMID: 12757507 DOI: 10.1046/j.1423-0410.2003.00297.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The blood-group antigens Dia and Dib are carried on erythrocyte band 3 and are defined by a single amino acid substitution at position 854 (Leu for Dia and Pro for Dib). The Band 3-Memphis variant has a point mutation (166A>G) in the SLC4A1 gene, which encodes the amino acid substitution Lys56Glu. Two types of Band 3-Memphis, variants I and II, are distinguished by their susceptibility to covalent labelling with 4,4'-diisothiocyanato-1,2-diphenylethane-2,2'-disulphonic acid (H2DIDS). Memphis II is more readily labelled than Memphis I or normal band 3. It is reported that Memphis II is associated with Dia. In a study designed to determine the frequency of the DI*A/DI*B and 166A>G polymorphisms in different populations in Brazil, we found a new DI*A allele. MATERIALS AND METHODS We studied DNA samples from 70 Amazonian Indians, 71 individuals of Japanese descent, 93 random Brazilian blood donors and 84 blacks with sickle cell disease. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analyses were performed on all samples, using MspI for DI*A/DI*B (exon 19) and MnlI for 166A>G (exon 4). Exon 4 and exon 19 from four outliers were sequenced. RESULTS Among Amazonian Indians, DI*A and 166G mutations both had a high frequency (0.57 and 0.54, respectively). In individuals of Japanese descent, these alleles were moderately frequent (0.07 and 0.19, respectively). We identified a new allele with DI*A and 166A (56Lys) in four Amazonian Indians. CONCLUSIONS Our results revealed that DI*A does not have a strict association with 166G. They also show the relevance of testing a cohort of different populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Baleotti
- Hemocentro, Faculdade de Medicina, Marília, Sao Paulo, Brazil
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Daniels GL, Cartron JP, Fletcher A, Garratty G, Henry S, Jørgensen J, Judd WJ, Levene C, Lin M, Lomas-Francis C, Moulds JJ, Moulds JM, Moulds M, Overbeeke M, Reid ME, Rouger P, Scott M, Sistonen P, Smart E, Tani Y, Wendel S, Zelinski T. International Society of Blood Transfusion Committee on terminology for red cell surface antigens: Vancouver Report. Vox Sang 2003; 84:244-7. [PMID: 12670376 DOI: 10.1046/j.1423-0410.2003.00282.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Abstract
The Scianna blood group encompasses the high-frequency antigens Sc1 and Sc3 and the low-frequency antigen Sc2. Another low-frequency antigen Rd (Radin) was suggested to belong to the Scianna blood group. The molecular basis of the Scianna blood group was unknown. The erythrocyte membrane-associated protein (ERMAP) shared the genomic location, protein product size, and localization to the red blood cell (RBC) membrane surface with Scianna. The ERMAP gene was sequenced in probands with known Scianna and Radin phenotypes. In a Sc:-1,-2 proband, only an ERMAP allele with a 2-bp deletion in exon 3 causing a frameshift could be detected. A Sc:-1,2 proband was homozygous for the ERMAP(Gly57Arg) allele. An Rd(+) proband was heterozygous for the ERMAP(Pro60Ala) allele. Polymerase chain reaction with sequence-specific priming (PCR-SSP) systems was developed to detect the Sc2 and Rd alleles of the ERMAP gene. The 2 alleles occurred with about 1% and less than 1% frequency in the population, which was compatible with the frequency of the Sc2 and Rd antigens known in whites. Two Sc2(+) and one Rd(+) samples that were found by genotyping were confirmed by serology. The antigens of the Scianna blood group include Rd and are expressed by the human ERMAP protein. Sc2 is caused by an ERMAP(Gly57Arg) allele and Rd by an ERMAP(Pro60Ala) allele. Scianna is the last of the previously characterized protein-based blood group systems whose molecular basis was discerned. Hence, the phenotype prediction by genotyping became possible for all human blood group systems encoded by proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franz F Wagner
- Department of Transfusion Medicine, University of Ulm, DRK (German Red Cross)-Blood Donation Service Baden-Württemberg-Hessen, Institute Ulm, Germany
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Wu GG, Su YQ, Yu Q, Jin SZ, Zhao TM. Development of a DNA-based genotyping method for the Diego blood group system. Transfusion 2002; 42:1553-6. [PMID: 12473133 DOI: 10.1046/j.1537-2995.2002.00248.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The paucity of appropriate reagents for serologic typing of the Diego blood group has hindered the identification of the rare Di(b-) blood donors needed to transfuse a Dib antigen-negative patient who presented with anti-Dib. Development of an alternative Di typing approach as a supplement to the current serologic typing method is an important and necessary goal. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS DI1 and DI2 alleles result from a single C to T substitution at nucleotide 2561 in exon 19 of the human anion exchanger gene causing a proline (DI1) to leucine (DI2) change at amino acid position 854. Allele-specific primers were designed to specifically amplify the DI1 and DI2 alleles using a PCR-based assay system. RESULTS A PCR sequence-specific primer (SSP) method for Di genotyping was developed, and the specificity and reproducibility of the method were assessed in a blind control study using serologic tests, family segregation, and DNA sequencing analyses. A total of 1,766 DNA samples from unrelated blood donors were typed for DI1 and DI2 alleles and a single Di(b-) donor was identified. The frequency of DI1 and DI2 alleles among Chinese blood donors was 0.0357 and 0.9643, respectively. CONCLUSION A simple, accurate, and inexpensive DNA-based PCR-SSP method was established for Di genotyping. The typing results can be visualized on a single photograph within 3 hours, making this reliable method suitable for large-scale typing of potential blood donors without serologic backup.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Guang Wu
- Shen-Zhen Institute of Transfusion Medicine, China.
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Abstract
The antibodies that once were referred to as "HTLAs" have now help to define an entire blood group system with a well characterized genetic basis. Although not "clinically significant" in transfusion medicine, the Knops blood group has gained importance in the field of infectious disease. Its further role in protein (CR1) function and autoimmune diseases remains unknown but may provide interesting work for years to come.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joann M Moulds
- MCP Hahnemann University School of Medicine, Dept. of Microbiology & Immunology, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Rodrigues A, Rios M, Pellegrino J, Costa FF, Castilho L. Presence of the RHD pseudogene and the hybrid RHD-CE-D(s) gene in Brazilians with the D-negative phenotype. Braz J Med Biol Res 2002; 35:767-73. [PMID: 12131915 DOI: 10.1590/s0100-879x2002000700002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The molecular basis for RHD pseudogene or RHD Psi is a 37-bp insertion in exon 4 of RHD. This insertion, found in two-thirds of D-negative Africans, appears to introduce a stop codon at position 210. The hybrid RHD-CE-Ds, where the 3' end of exon 3 and exons 4 to 8 are derived from RHCE, is associated with the VS+V- phenotype, and leads to a D-negative phenotype in people of African origin. We determined whether Brazilian blood donors of heterogeneous ethnic origin had RHD Psi and RHD-CE-Ds. DNA from 206 blood donors were tested for RHD Psi by a multiplex PCR that detects RHD, RHD Psi and the C and c alleles of RHCE. The RHD genotype was determined by comparison of size of amplified products associated with the RHD gene in both intron 4 and exon 10/3'-UTR. VS was determined by amplification of exon 5 of RHCE, and sequencing of PCR products was used to analyze C733G (Leu245Val). Twenty-two (11%) of the 206 D-negative Brazilians studied had the RHD Psi, 5 (2%) had the RHD-CE-Ds hybrid gene associated with the VS+V- phenotype, and 179 (87%) entirely lacked RHD. As expected, RHD was deleted in all the 50 individuals of Caucasian descent. Among the 156 individuals of African descent, 22 (14%) had inactive RHD and 3% had the RHD-CE-Ds hybrid gene. These data confirm that the inclusion of two different multiplex PCR for RHD is essential to test the D-negative Brazilian population in order to avoid false-positive typing of polytransfused patients and fetuses.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Rodrigues
- Hemocentro, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Campinas, SP, Brasil.
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