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A new lumbar vertebral anomaly in Goldenhar syndrome: A case report. Radiol Case Rep 2022; 17:2175-2180. [PMID: 35469301 PMCID: PMC9034019 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2022.03.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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da Silva AP, Rosa RFM, Trevisan P, Dorneles JC, Mesquita CS, de Mattos VF, Paskulin GA, Zen PRG. Clinical and cytogenetic features of a Brazilian sample of patients with phenotype of oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum: a cross-sectional study. SAO PAULO MED J 2015; 133:191-8. [PMID: 25337663 PMCID: PMC10876367 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2013.7762204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2013] [Revised: 10/02/2013] [Accepted: 06/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS) is considered to be a defect of embryogenesis involving structures originating from the first branchial arches. Our objective was to describe the clinical and cytogenetic findings from a sample of patients with the phenotype of OAVS. DESIGN AND SETTING Cross-sectional study in a referral hospital in southern Brazil. METHODS The sample consisted of 23 patients who presented clinical findings in at least two of these four areas: orocraniofacial, ocular, auricular and vertebral. The patients underwent a clinical protocol and cytogenetic evaluation through high-resolution karyotyping, fluorescence in situ hybridization for 5p and 22q11 microdeletions and investigation of chromosomal instability for Fanconi anemia. RESULTS Cytogenetic abnormalities were observed in three cases (13%) and consisted of: 47,XX,+mar; mos 47,XX,+mar/46,XX; and 46,XX,t(6;10)(q13; q24). We observed cases of OAVS with histories of gestational exposition to fluoxetine, retinoic acid and crack. One of our patients was a discordant monozygotic twin who had shown asymmetrical growth restriction during pregnancy. Our patients with OAVS were characterized by a broad clinical spectrum and some presented atypical findings such as lower-limb reduction defect and a tumor in the right arm, suggestive of hemangioma/lymphangioma. CONCLUSIONS We found a wide range of clinical characteristics among the patients with OAVS. Different chromosomal abnormalities and gestational expositions were also observed. Thus, our findings highlight the heterogeneity of the etiology of OAVS and the importance of these factors in the clinical and cytogenetic evaluation of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Pawelec da Silva
- MD. Postgraduate Student, Postgraduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), and Clinical Geneticist, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) and Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Porto Alegre (CHSCPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Fabiano Machado Rosa
- PhD. Clinical Geneticist, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Porto Alegre (CHSCPA) and Hospital Materno Infantil Presidente Vargas (HMIPV), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Patrícia Trevisan
- MD. Postgraduate Student, Postgraduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), and Pharmacist, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Juliana Cavalheiro Dorneles
- Undergraduate Student of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Camila Saporiti Mesquita
- Undergraduate Student of Pharmacy, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Vinicius Freitas de Mattos
- MD. Clinical Geneticist, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) and Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Porto Alegre (CHSCPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Giorgio Adriano Paskulin
- PhD. Professor of Clinical Genetics and of the Postgraduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), and Clinical Geneticist, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) and Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Porto Alegre (CHSCPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Ricardo Gazzola Zen
- PhD. Professor of Clinical Genetics and of the Postgraduate Program in Pathology, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA), and Clinical Geneticist, Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde de Porto Alegre (UFCSPA) and Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Porto Alegre (CHSCPA), Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Prenatal evaluation of the middle ear and diagnosis of middle ear hypoplasia using MRI. Pediatr Radiol 2011; 41:652-7. [PMID: 21140143 DOI: 10.1007/s00247-010-1913-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2010] [Revised: 09/13/2010] [Accepted: 10/16/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Analysis of the middle ear with fetal MRI has not been previously reported. OBJECTIVE To show the contribution of fetal MRI to middle ear imaging. MATERIALS AND METHODS The tympanic cavity was evaluated in 108 fetal cerebral MRI examinations (facial and/or cerebral malformation excluded) and in two cases, one of Treacher Collins syndrome (case 1) and the other of oculo-auriculo-vertebral (OUV) spectrum (case 2) with middle ear hypoplasia identified by MRI at 27 and 36 weeks' gestation, respectively. RESULTS In all 108 fetuses (mean gestational age 32.5 weeks), the tympanic cavity and T2 hypointensity related to the ossicles were well visualised on both sides. Case 1 had micro/retrognathia and bilateral external ear deformity and case 2 had retrognathism with a left low-set and deformed ear. MRI made it possible to recognize the marked hypoplasia of the tympanic cavity, which was bilateral in case 1 and unilateral in case 2. Both syndromes are characterized by craniofacial abnormalities including middle ear hypoplasia, which cannot be diagnosed with US. CONCLUSION The middle ear cavity can be visualized with fetal MRI. We emphasize the use of this imaging modality in the diagnosis of middle ear hypoplasia.
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Ghi T, Contro E, Carletti A, D'Emidio L, Cera E, Morandi R, Cocchi G, Pilu G, Pelusi G. Prenatal sonographic imaging of Goldenhar syndrome associated with cystic eye. Prenat Diagn 2008; 28:362-3. [DOI: 10.1002/pd.1958] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Su PH, Yu JS, Chen JY, Chen SJ, Li SY, Chen HN. Mutations and new polymorphic changes in the TCOF1 gene of patients with oculo–auriculo–vertebral spectrum and Treacher–Collins syndrome. Clin Dysmorphol 2007; 16:261-7. [PMID: 17786119 DOI: 10.1097/mcd.0b013e3281c108d2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum, the exact genetic predisposition of which has not yet been resolved, is characterized by varying degrees of the prevalently unilateral underdevelopment of craniofacial structures and spinal anomalies. Here, we analyzed four cases exhibiting multiple features of oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum and one case with Treacher-Collins syndrome. The cranium was analyzed using three-dimensional computed tomography, which reliably identifies craniofacial malformations. We detected one typical oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum patient who had a missense mutation in exon 9 of the TCOF1 gene complex and two silent mutations in exons 10 and 23, three partial oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum patients who had no detectable mutations in the TCOF1 gene complex, and one Treacher-Collins syndrome patient who had a nonsense mutation in exon 14. All five patients had eight previously reported polymorphic changes in the TCOF1 exons 10, 11, 12, 16, 21, 22, and 23, and four unreported polymorphisms in exons 9, 17, and 22 that were also detected in 51 Taiwanese control patients. These observations strongly suggest that the TCOF1 genetic changes observed in these five patients might be related to oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pen-Hua Su
- Institute of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Castori M, Brancati F, Rinaldi R, Adami L, Mingarelli R, Grammatico P, Dallapiccola B. Antenatal presentation of the oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS). Am J Med Genet A 2006; 140:1573-9. [PMID: 16761296 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.a.31290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We describe a fetus with abnormal ultrasound (US) imaging at 20 weeks showing hydrocephalus and radial aplasia. Post-mortem examination followed pregnancy termination and confirmed the diagnosis of oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS). To delineate the pattern of prenatal features in OAVS, we reviewed 20 published fetuses showing abnormal US and/or magnetic resonance imaging. Gestational age at diagnosis ranged from 14 to 34-35 weeks. Cephalic abnormalities were found in only 52.4% (i.e., micro/anophthalmia, ear anomalies, hemifacial microsomia, and facial cleft). CNS defects occurred in 47.6% (i.e., hydrocephalus, occipital encephalocele, cerebellar hemisphere/vermis hypoplasia, and lipoma of the corpus callosum), together with abnormal amniotic fluid volume (AFV), either poly- or oligohydramnios. Nineteen percent had congenital heart disease, mainly atrioventricular septal defect. Hydroureteronephrosis, radial aplasia, lung, and kidney agenesis were additional findings. Recurrent patterns of anomalies included multiple asymmetric facial lesions (i.e., hemifacial microsomia, ipsilateral micro/anophthalmia, malformed ear) and CNS (particularly hydrocephalus) plus AFV abnormalities. In addition, prognosis of prenatally detected OAVS patients resulted more severe than generally observed in this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Castori
- IRCCS-CSS San Giovanni Rotondo and CSS-Mendel Institute, Rome, Italy
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Hattori Y, Tanaka M, Matsumoto T, Uehara K, Ueno K, Miwegishi K, Ishimoto H, Miyakoshi K, Yoshimura Y. Prenatal diagnosis of hemifacial microsomia by magnetic resonance imaging. J Perinat Med 2005; 33:69-71. [PMID: 15841618 DOI: 10.1515/jpm.2005.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
We present a case of hemifacial microsomia, first detected by prenatal sonography and confirmed by ultrafast magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. A 26-year-old patient was referred to our hospital at 20 weeks of gestation because of unilateral right-sided ventriculomegaly and of a possible ventriculoseptal defect (VSD). Our sonographic examination suggested a right orbital hypoplasia and a hemiatrophy of the nose. The ultrafast T2-weighted single-shot fast-spin echo MR imaging, demonstrated a right ear hypoplasia (microtia), a right orbital hypoplasia, and a right renal hypoplasia. Epibulbar dermoid or conjunctival lipodermoid were not recognized. The fetus was prenatally diagnosed as hemifacial microsomia. Termination of pregnancy was performed at 21 weeks gestation, and a male baby weighing 342g was stillborn. The baby showed facial asymmetry, including hemiatrophy of the right nose, and right ear hypoplasia. Autopsy revealed a 2mm area of VSD, agenesis of the right kidney and ureter, pancreatic and renal aberration into right adrenal gland, thymus hypoplasia and an unfixed ascending colon without intestinal malrotation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of prenatal diagnosis for hemifacial microsomia using fetal MR imaging. In our case, fetal MR imaging has evolved into a powerful diagnostic tool, for the accurate prenatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshihisa Hattori
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan.
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Martinelli P, Maruotti GM, Agangi A, Mazzarelli LL, Bifulco G, Paladini D. Prenatal diagnosis of hemifacial microsomia and ipsilateral cerebellar hypoplasia in a fetus with oculoauriculovertebral spectrum. ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY : THE OFFICIAL JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY OF ULTRASOUND IN OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY 2004; 24:199-201. [PMID: 15287060 DOI: 10.1002/uog.1118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Oculoauriculovertebral spectrum, or Goldenhar syndrome, is characterized by varying degrees of prevalently unilateral underdevelopment of craniofacial structures (orbit, ear, mandible) and spinal anomalies. We report the prenatal ultrasonographic diagnosis made at 24 weeks' gestation in a family with a negative history. The prenatal diagnosis was suspected due to the presence of marked hemifacial microsomia and moderate ipsilateral cerebellar hemisphere hypoplasia in the absence of facial clefting.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Martinelli
- Prenatal Diagnosis Unit, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University Federico II of Naples, Naples, Italy
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Abstract
Cardiac anomalies may occur in isolation or can be part of a genetic syndrome. In this article, we describe some of the genetic syndromes commonly associated with cardiac anomalies where there are other sonographic features that may aid accurate prenatal diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Pajkrt
- Institute of Child Health, University College London Hospital, London, UK
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Witters I, Schreurs J, Van Wing J, Wouters W, Fryns JP. Prenatal diagnosis of facial clefting as part of the oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum. Prenat Diagn 2001; 21:62-4. [PMID: 11180244 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0223(200101)21:1<62::aid-pd969>3.0.co;2-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
We report a rare facial cleft (type 2 according to the Tessier classification) as the first presenting echographic sign of the oculo-auriculo-vertebral spectrum (OAVS) (Goldenhar syndrome). Associated malformations included a left lateral cleft with macrostomia, left ear hypoplasia, left preauricular tag, single umbilical artery, hyposegmentation of the left lung and imperforatio ani.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Witters
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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