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Molina Romero M, Yoldi Chaure A, Gañán Parra M, Navas Bastida P, del Pico Sánchez JL, Vaquero Argüelles Á, de la Fuente Vaquero P, Ramírez López JP, Castilla Alcalá JA. Probability of high-risk genetic matching with oocyte and semen donors: complete gene analysis or genotyping test? J Assist Reprod Genet 2022; 39:341-355. [PMID: 35091964 PMCID: PMC8956772 DOI: 10.1007/s10815-021-02381-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To estimate the probability of high-risk genetic matching when assisted reproductive techniques (ART) are applied with double gamete donation, following an NGS carrier test based on a complete study of the genes concerned. We then determine the results that would have been obtained if the genotyping tests most widely used in Spanish gamete banks had been applied. METHODS In this descriptive observational study, 1818 gamete donors were characterised by NGS. The pathogenic variants detected were analysed to estimate the probability of high-risk genetic matching and to determine the results that would have been obtained if the three most commonly used genotyping tests in ART had been applied. RESULTS The probability of high-risk genetic matching with gamete donation, screened by NGS and complete gene analysis, was 5.5%, versus the 0.6-2.7% that would have been obtained with the genotyping test. A total of 1741 variants were detected, including 607 different variants, of which only 22.6% would have been detected by all three genotyping tests considered and 44.7% of which would not have been detected by any of these tests. CONCLUSION Our study highlights the considerable heterogeneity of the genotyping tests, which present significant differences in their ability to detect pathogenic variants. The complete study of the genes by NGS considerably reduces reproductive risks when genetic matching is performed with gamete donors. Accordingly, we recommend that carrier screening in gamete donors be carried out using NGS and a complete study with nontargeted analysis of the variants of the screened genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Molina Romero
- CEIFER Biobanco - NextClinics, Calle Maestro Bretón, 1, 18004 Granada, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - José Antonio Castilla Alcalá
- CEIFER Biobanco - NextClinics, Calle Maestro Bretón, 1, 18004 Granada, Spain ,U. Reproducción, UGC Obstetricia y Ginecología, HU Virgen de Las Nieves, Granada, Spain ,Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria Ibs.Granada, Granada, Spain
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Taylor WR, Naw HK, Maitland K, Williams TN, Kapulu M, D'Alessandro U, Berkley JA, Bejon P, Okebe J, Achan J, Amambua AN, Affara M, Nwakanma D, van Geertruyden JP, Mavoko M, Lutumba P, Matangila J, Brasseur P, Piola P, Randremanana R, Lasry E, Fanello C, Onyamboko M, Schramm B, Yah Z, Jones J, Fairhurst RM, Diakite M, Malenga G, Molyneux M, Rwagacondo C, Obonyo C, Gadisa E, Aseffa A, Loolpapit M, Henry MC, Dorsey G, John C, Sirima SB, Barnes KI, Kremsner P, Day NP, White NJ, Mukaka M. Single low-dose primaquine for blocking transmission of Plasmodium falciparum malaria - a proposed model-derived age-based regimen for sub-Saharan Africa. BMC Med 2018; 16:11. [PMID: 29347975 PMCID: PMC5774032 DOI: 10.1186/s12916-017-0990-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In 2012, the World Health Organization recommended blocking the transmission of Plasmodium falciparum with single low-dose primaquine (SLDPQ, target dose 0.25 mg base/kg body weight), without testing for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDd), when treating patients with uncomplicated falciparum malaria. We sought to develop an age-based SLDPQ regimen that would be suitable for sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS Using data on the anti-infectivity efficacy and tolerability of primaquine (PQ), the epidemiology of anaemia, and the risks of PQ-induced acute haemolytic anaemia (AHA) and clinically significant anaemia (CSA), we prospectively defined therapeutic-dose ranges of 0.15-0.4 mg PQ base/kg for children aged 1-5 years and 0.15-0.5 mg PQ base/kg for individuals aged ≥6 years (therapeutic indices 2.7 and 3.3, respectively). We chose 1.25 mg PQ base for infants aged 6-11 months because they have the highest rate of baseline anaemia and the highest risks of AHA and CSA. We modelled an anthropometric database of 661,979 African individuals aged ≥6 months (549,127 healthy individuals, 28,466 malaria patients and 84,386 individuals with other infections/illnesses) by the Box-Cox transformation power exponential and tested PQ doses of 1-15 mg base, selecting dosing groups based on calculated mg/kg PQ doses. RESULTS From the Box-Cox transformation power exponential model, five age categories were selected: (i) 6-11 months (n = 39,886, 6.03%), (ii) 1-5 years (n = 261,036, 45.46%), (iii) 6-9 years (n = 20,770, 3.14%), (iv) 10-14 years (n = 12,155, 1.84%) and (v) ≥15 years (n = 328,132, 49.57%) to receive 1.25, 2.5, 5, 7.5 and 15 mg PQ base for corresponding median (1st and 99th centiles) mg/kg PQ base of: (i) 0.16 (0.12-0.25), (ii) 0.21 (0.13-0.37), (iii) 0.25 (0.16-0.38), (iv) 0.26 (0.15-0.38) and (v) 0.27 (0.17-0.40). The proportions of individuals predicted to receive optimal therapeutic PQ doses were: 73.2 (29,180/39,886), 93.7 (244,537/261,036), 99.6 (20,690/20,770), 99.4 (12,086/12,155) and 99.8% (327,620/328,132), respectively. CONCLUSIONS We plan to test the safety of this age-based dosing regimen in a large randomised placebo-controlled trial (ISRCTN11594437) of uncomplicated falciparum malaria in G6PDd African children aged 0.5 - 11 years. If the regimen is safe and demonstrates adequate pharmacokinetics, it should be used to support malaria elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Robert Taylor
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Mahidol University, 420/6 Rajvithi Road, Rajthevee, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand.
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
- Division of Tropical and Humanitarian Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.
| | - Htee Khu Naw
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Mahidol University, 420/6 Rajvithi Road, Rajthevee, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
| | - Kathryn Maitland
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Clinical Tropical Medicine and Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Thomas N Williams
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Clinical Tropical Medicine and Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College, London, UK
| | - Melissa Kapulu
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Umberto D'Alessandro
- MRC Unit, Fajara, Banjul, The Gambia
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - James A Berkley
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya
| | - Philip Bejon
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- KEMRI-Wellcome Trust Research Programme, Centre for Geographic Medicine Research-Coast, Kilifi, Kenya
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Muhindo Mavoko
- Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Pascal Lutumba
- Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Junior Matangila
- Department of Tropical Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | | | - Patrice Piola
- Institut Pasteur de Madagascar, BP 1274, Antananarivo, Madagascar
| | | | - Estrella Lasry
- Kinshasa Mahidol Oxford Research Unit, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Caterina Fanello
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Marie Onyamboko
- Kinshasa Mahidol Oxford Research Unit, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
- Kinshasa School of Public Health, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | | | - Zolia Yah
- National Malaria Control Programme, Monrovia, Sierra Leone
| | - Joel Jones
- National Malaria Control Programme, Monrovia, Sierra Leone
| | - Rick M Fairhurst
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rockville, MD, USA
| | | | | | - Malcolm Molyneux
- Malawi-Liverpool-Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Programme, Blantyre, Malawi
| | | | | | | | - Abraham Aseffa
- Armauer Hansen Research Institute, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | | | | | - Grant Dorsey
- Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Chandy John
- Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Sodiomon B Sirima
- Centre National de Recherche et de Formation sur le Paludisme, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
- Groupe de Recherche Action en Santé (GRAS), Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso
| | - Karen I Barnes
- Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Peter Kremsner
- Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of Tubingen, Tubingen, Germany
| | - Nicholas P Day
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Mahidol University, 420/6 Rajvithi Road, Rajthevee, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Nicholas J White
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Mahidol University, 420/6 Rajvithi Road, Rajthevee, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
| | - Mavuto Mukaka
- Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit (MORU), Mahidol University, 420/6 Rajvithi Road, Rajthevee, Bangkok, 10400, Thailand
- Centre for Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK
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Powers JL, Best DH, Grenache DG. Genotype-Phenotype Correlations of Glucose-6-Phosphate-Deficient Variants Throughout an Activity Distribution. J Appl Lab Med 2018; 2:841-850. [PMID: 33636823 DOI: 10.1373/jalm.2017.024935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/08/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is an X-linked disorder that may manifest as neonatal jaundice or acute hemolytic anemia. Quantitative assessment of G6PD activity in erythrocytes is required to definitively diagnose a deficiency. Most males and homozygous females have low enzyme activities, whereas heterozygous females may have a range of activities. We sought to examine G6PD genotype-phenotype associations to identify an activity cutoff above which G6PD deficiency is unlikely. METHODS Ninety-five residual samples were randomly selected to represent the various regions of a G6PD activity distribution. DNA was isolated from the leukocyte fraction and sequenced using the Sanger method. ROC curves were used to establish cutoffs. RESULTS Thirteen variant alleles were identified, including 1 not previously reported. In the very deficient activity range, we found males and homozygous females of both class II and III variants. In the deficient category, we found predominantly class III males and heterozygous females. The presumed deficient category contained class III and IV variants and nonvariants. An activity cutoff of <7.85 U/g hemoglobin (Hb) was 100% sensitive and 94% specific for identifying a G6PD-deficient male, and a cutoff of <8.95 U/g Hb was 90% sensitive and 82% specific for a deficient female. CONCLUSIONS The observed activity groupings were not because of a particular variant class. Cutoffs to identify the presence of a deficiency variant for males and females may be useful when trying to decide whether to recommend genetic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer L Powers
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - D Hunter Best
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
| | - David G Grenache
- Department of Pathology, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT
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Ouattara AK, Yameogo P, Traore L, Diarra B, Assih M, Compaore TR, Obiri-Yeboah D, Soubeiga ST, Djigma FW, Simpore J. Prevalence, genetic variants and clinical implications of G-6-PD deficiency in Burkina Faso: a systematic review. BMC MEDICAL GENETICS 2017; 18:139. [PMID: 29169341 PMCID: PMC5701495 DOI: 10.1186/s12881-017-0496-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2017] [Accepted: 11/09/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is now well-known that some antimalarials such as primaquine may induce severe hemolytic anemia in people with G-6-PD deficiency. Antimalarial drug prescriptions must, therefore take into account the patient's G-6-PD status in malaria endemic areas such as Burkina Faso, where the prevalence of this genetic abnormality is relatively high. Although great clinical heterogeneity is observed depending on the molecular nature of the deficiency and the residual enzyme activity in the red blood cell, there is very poor data on the prevalence of G-6-PD deficiency and the distribution of involved genetic variants in Burkina Faso. In this systematic review, we present a synthesis of the various studies carried out on the G-6-PD deficiency in Burkina Faso in order to determine its prevalence, probable distribution of the genetic variants involved and their clinical implications for a national systematic screening policy among the groups most vulnerable to malaria. METHODS A systematic review was carried out to analyze available published data on the prevalence, phenotypes and mutations responsible for G-6-PD deficiency in Burkina Faso. The key words used were "G-6-PD deficiency AND Burkina Faso" or "Déficit en G-6-PD AND Burkina Faso" in French. To identify the relevant articles, two independent reviewers reviewed the titles, abstracts and the full text of the selected papers. RESULTS An average prevalence of 16.6% (183/1100; CI 95%: 0.145-0.190) and 6.5% (69/1066; CI 95%: 0.051-0.081) of G-6-PD deficiency was found respectively in men and women in this systematic review. Although the predominance (99.8% of G-6-PD deficient cases) of 202A/376G G-6-PD A- variant, the Santamaria and Betica Selma variants were identified in Burkina Faso. Independently of the method used, the enzymatic deficiency was significantly higher in males (2.5-20.5%) compared to females (3.3-12.3%). CONCLUSION This systematic review suggests that despite the ubiquity of the 202A/376G G-6-PD A- variant in Burkina Faso, it will be necessary to consider the Santamaria and Betica Selma variants although their frequencies remain to be specified. A systematic screening of the G-6-PD deficiency is also needed to prevent the occurrence of iatrogenic hemolytic accidents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoul Karim Ouattara
- Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), 01 PO BOX 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso. .,Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Molecular Genetics (LABIOGENE) UFR/SVT, University Ouaga I Prof Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso.
| | - Pouiré Yameogo
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Molecular Genetics (LABIOGENE) UFR/SVT, University Ouaga I Prof Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Lassina Traore
- Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), 01 PO BOX 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Molecular Genetics (LABIOGENE) UFR/SVT, University Ouaga I Prof Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Birama Diarra
- Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), 01 PO BOX 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Molecular Genetics (LABIOGENE) UFR/SVT, University Ouaga I Prof Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Maléki Assih
- Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), 01 PO BOX 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Molecular Genetics (LABIOGENE) UFR/SVT, University Ouaga I Prof Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Tegwindé Rébéca Compaore
- Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), 01 PO BOX 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso
| | - Dorcas Obiri-Yeboah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana
| | - Serge Théophile Soubeiga
- Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), 01 PO BOX 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Molecular Genetics (LABIOGENE) UFR/SVT, University Ouaga I Prof Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Florencia Wendkuuni Djigma
- Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), 01 PO BOX 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Molecular Genetics (LABIOGENE) UFR/SVT, University Ouaga I Prof Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Jacques Simpore
- Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA), 01 PO BOX 364, Ouagadougou 01, Burkina Faso.,Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Molecular Genetics (LABIOGENE) UFR/SVT, University Ouaga I Prof Joseph KI-ZERBO, Ouagadougou 03, BP 7021, Burkina Faso
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Mutations of Glucose-6-Phosphate Dehydrogenase Durham, Santa-Maria and A+ Variants Are Associated with Loss Functional and Structural Stability of the Protein. Int J Mol Sci 2015; 16:28657-68. [PMID: 26633385 PMCID: PMC4691071 DOI: 10.3390/ijms161226124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Revised: 11/23/2015] [Accepted: 11/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common enzymopathy in the world. More than 160 mutations causing the disease have been identified, but only 10% of these variants have been studied at biochemical and biophysical levels. In this study we report on the functional and structural characterization of three naturally occurring variants corresponding to different classes of disease severity: Class I G6PD Durham, Class II G6PD Santa Maria, and Class III G6PD A+. The results showed that the G6PD Durham (severe deficiency), and the G6PD Santa Maria and A+ (less severe deficiency) (Class I, II and III, respectively) affect the catalytic efficiency of these enzymes, are more sensitive to temperature denaturing, and affect the stability of the overall protein when compared to the wild type WT-G6PD. In the variants, the exposure of more and buried hydrophobic pockets was induced and monitored with 8-Anilinonaphthalene-1-sulfonic acid (ANS) fluorescence, directly affecting the compaction of structure at different levels and probably reducing the stability of the protein. The degree of functional and structural perturbation by each variant correlates with the clinical severity reported in different patients.
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Glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficiency and its correlation with other risk factors in jaundiced newborns in Southern Brazil. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed 2014; 1:110-3. [PMID: 23569738 DOI: 10.1016/s2221-1691(11)60006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2011] [Revised: 02/26/2011] [Accepted: 03/13/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the correlation between glucose-6-phosphate-dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency and neonatal jaundice. METHODS Prospective, observational case-control study was conducted on 490 newborns admitted to Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre for phototherapy, who all experienced 35 or more weeks of gestation, from March to December 2007. Enzymatic screening of G6PD activity was performed, followed by PCR. RESULTS There was prevalence of 4.6% and a boy-girl ratio of 3:1 in jaundiced newborns. No jaundiced neonate with ABO incompatibility presented G6PD deficiency, and no Mediterranean mutation was found. A higher proportion of deficiency was observed in Afro-descendants. There was no association with UGT1A1 variants. CONCLUSIONS G6PD deficiency is not related to severe hyperbilirubinemia and considering the high miscegenation in this area of Brazil, other gene interactions should be investigated.
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UGT1A1, SLCO1B1, and SLCO1B3 polymorphisms vs. neonatal hyperbilirubinemia: is there an association? Pediatr Res 2012; 72:169-73. [PMID: 22580719 DOI: 10.1038/pr.2012.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Jaundice is a physiological phenomenon; however, severe hyperbilirubinemia occurs in only 5 to 6% of the healthy newborn population. It has been suggested that genetic variation could enhance the risk of hyperbilirubinemia when coexpressed with other icterogenic conditions. METHODS The study included newborns with a gestational age of greater than 35 wk and weights greater than 2,000 g with indications for phototherapy. The polymorphisms from UGT1A1 (rs8175347), SLCO1B1 (rs4149056 and rs2306283), and SLCO1B3 (rs17680137 and rs2117032) were analyzed by capillary electrophoresis and hydrolysis probes. RESULTS A total of 167 hyperbilirubinemic infants and 247 control subjects were enrolled. The gender, ABO incompatibility, birth weight, and gestational age differed between the groups, but the allelic and genotypic frequency of the polymorphisms from SLCO1B genes did not. In logistic regression, the ABO incompatibility, gestational age, and polymorphic T allele of rs2117032 remained in the model. The presence of this polymorphism seemed to provide protection from hyperbilirubinemia. The individuals who were homozygous for the G allele of rs2306283 and who were glucose 6-phosphate-dehydrogenase deficient were more frequent among the cases. CONCLUSION Although genetic variation accounts for a good part of this condition, the association between different polymorphisms and environmental factors has yet to be explained.
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Sirdah M, Reading NS, Perkins SL, Shubair M, Aboud L, Prchal JT. Hemolysis and Mediterranean G6PD mutation (c.563 C>T) and c.1311 C>T polymorphism among Palestinians at Gaza Strip. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2012; 48:203-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2012.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2012] [Accepted: 01/26/2012] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) mutations database: review of the "old" and update of the new mutations. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2012; 48:154-65. [PMID: 22293322 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2012.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 191] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2011] [Accepted: 12/23/2011] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In the present paper we have updated the G6PD mutations database, including all the last discovered G6PD genetic variants. We underline that the last database has been published by Vulliamy et al. [1] who analytically reported 140 G6PD mutations: along with Vulliamy's database, there are two main sites, such as http://202.120.189.88/mutdb/ and www.LOVD.nl/MR, where almost all G6PD mutations can be found. Compared to the previous mutation reports, in our paper we have included for each mutation some additional information, such as: the secondary structure and the enzyme 3D position involving by mutation, the creation or abolition of a restriction site (with the enzyme involved) and the conservation score associated with each amino acid position. The mutations reported in the present tab have been divided according to the gene's region involved (coding and non-coding) and mutations affecting the coding region in: single, multiple (at least with two bases involved) and deletion. We underline that for the listed mutations, reported in italic, literature doesn't provide all the biochemical or bio-molecular information or the research data. Finally, for the "old" mutations, we tried to verify features previously reported and, when subsequently modified, we updated the specific information using the latest literature data.
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Prevalence and molecular characterization of Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase deficient variants among the Kurdish population of Northern Iraq. BMC HEMATOLOGY 2010; 10:6. [PMID: 20602793 PMCID: PMC2913952 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2326-10-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2010] [Accepted: 07/05/2010] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Glucose-6-Phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) is a key enzyme of the pentose monophosphate pathway, and its deficiency is the most common inherited enzymopathy worldwide. G6PD deficiency is common among Iraqis, including those of the Kurdish ethnic group, however no study of significance has ever addressed the molecular basis of this disorder in this population. The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of this enzymopathy and its molecular basis among Iraqi Kurds. Methods A total of 580 healthy male Kurdish Iraqis randomly selected from a main regional premarital screening center in Northern Iraq were screened for G6PD deficiency using methemoglobin reduction test. The results were confirmed by quantitative enzyme assay for the cases that showed G6PD deficiency. DNA analysis was performed on 115 G6PD deficient subjects, 50 from the premarital screening group and 65 unrelated Kurdish male patients with documented acute hemolytic episodes due to G6PD deficiency. Analysis was performed using polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism for five deficient molecular variants, namely G6PD Mediterranean (563 C→T), G6PD Chatham (1003 G→A), G6PD A- (202 G→A), G6PD Aures (143 T→C) and G6PD Cosenza (1376 G→C), as well as the silent 1311 (C→T) mutation. Results Among 580 random Iraqi male Kurds, 63 (10.9%) had documented G6PD deficiency. Molecular studies performed on a total of 115 G6PD deficient males revealed that 101 (87.8%) had the G6PD Mediterranean variant and 10 (8.7%) had the G6PD Chatham variant. No cases of G6PD A-, G6PD Aures or G6PD Cosenza were identified, leaving 4 cases (3.5%) uncharacterized. Further molecular screening revealed that the silent mutation 1311 was present in 93/95 of the Mediterranean and 1/10 of the Chatham cases. Conclusions The current study revealed a high prevalence of G6PD deficiency among Iraqi Kurdish population of Northern Iraq with most cases being due to the G6PD Mediterranean and Chatham variants. These results are similar to those reported from neighboring Iran and Turkey and to lesser extent other Mediterranean countries.
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Brandt O, Rieger A, Geusau A, Stingl G. Peas, beans, and the Pythagorean theorem - the relevance of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in dermatology. J Dtsch Dermatol Ges 2008; 6:534-9. [PMID: 18397314 DOI: 10.1111/j.1610-0387.2008.06640.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Glucose-6-phosphate (G6PD) deficiency is a common disease characterized by acute hemolysis induced by oxidative stress. More than 400 million subjects throughout the world carry the hereditary enzyme defect with the highest prevalences in Africa, Asia, and the Mediterranean region. In individuals affected by the erythrocytic enzymatic disorder, besides infectious diseases and diet, acute hemolytic crisis can be triggered by numerous drugs frequently used for the treatment of dermatoses. Taking into account the increasing number of immigrants from geographic regions with high prevalences of G6PD deficiency, dermatologists should be alert to the presence of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oliver Brandt
- Department of Dermatology, Division of Immunology, Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
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Noori-Daloii MR, Hajebrahimi Z, Najafi L, Mesbah-Namin SA, Mowjoodi A, Mohammad Ganji S, Yekaninejad MS, Sanati MH. A comprehensive study on the major mutations in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase-deficient polymorphic variants identified in the coastal provinces of Caspian Sea in the north of Iran. Clin Biochem 2007; 40:699-704. [PMID: 17499234 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2007.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2006] [Revised: 02/17/2007] [Accepted: 02/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was the molecular analysis of G6PD patients for G6PD mutations in the coastal provinces of the Caspian Sea in north of Iran. METHODS Studies on G6PD deficiency in the coastal provinces of the Caspian Sea in Iran were performed in 248 patients with a history of favism, in Mazandaran, Golestan and Gillan provinces, which contributed 74, 71 and 103 samples, respectively. Three different major polymorphic variants were determined by molecular analysis, using SSCP, sequencing and PCR-RFLP methods. Firstly, all Mazandaranian samples were searched for the Mediterranean mutation by PCR-RFLP method. The remaining samples of the Mazandaran province were analysed by SSCP followed by sequencing for other mutations. Then, our research was expanded in two other provinces, Golestan and Gillan, by the PCR-RFLP method. RESULTS Three different major polymorphic variants were found: G6PD Mediterranean 75.4% (187 out of 248), G6PD Chatham 19.76% (49 out of 248), G6PD Cosenza 2.02% (5 out of 248) and 7 samples out of 248 remained unknown. Also, there was no significant difference in the incidence of various G6PD polymorphic variants with mean age, and various blood work values such as Hb, WBC and MCV between two major variants (p>0.20). CONCLUSIONS These results which are the first molecular investigation in north of Iran indicate a higher prevalence of G6PD Chatham in this large Iranian population than anywhere else in the world. The distribution of these G6PD variants is more similar to that found in an Italian population (80-84% for Mediterranean, 20% for Chatham and 1.9% for Cosenza mutation). Although the origin of Iranian population is rather uncertain, the closer similarity of the mutation spectrum to Italian rather than Middle Eastern population may indicate that these populations have a common ancestral origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- M R Noori-Daloii
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Castro SM, Weber R, Matte U, Reclos GJ, Pass KA, Tanyalcin T, Giugliani R. The use of LR values to check the best fit of cut-off values in G6PD deficient cases. Clin Biochem 2007; 40:496-8. [PMID: 17320848 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2007.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2006] [Revised: 12/23/2006] [Accepted: 01/05/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S M Castro
- School of Pharmacy, UFRGS, Av. Ipiranga, 2752, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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Castro SMD, Weber R, Matte Ú, Giugliani R. Molecular characterization of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency in patients from the southern Brazilian city of Porto Alegre, RS. Genet Mol Biol 2007. [DOI: 10.1590/s1415-47572007000100003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raquel Weber
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Úrsula Matte
- Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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Cikes V, Abaza I, Krzelj V, Terzić IM, Tafra R, Trlaja A, Marusić E, Terzić J. Prevalence of factor V Leiden and G6PD 1311 silent mutations in Dalmatian population. Arch Med Res 2005; 35:546-8. [PMID: 15631882 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2004.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2004] [Accepted: 07/07/2004] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Factor V Leiden has been described as a common genetic risk factor for venous thromboembolism. The geographic distribution of this abnormality varies greatly, being high in Europe and almost absent in Asia and Africa. Particularly high prevalence is observed in some Mediterranean countries, which suggests the Mediterranean origin of this mutation. Similarly, prevalence of silent mutation 1311 of the G6PD gene seems to be higher among Mediterranean populations. Since the Dalmatian population (of south Croatia) geographically belongs to the Mediterranean populations we analyzed the prevalence of FV-Leiden and silent mutation 1311 in this region. Furthermore, because the coincidence of G6PD deficiency and venous thromboembolism was described earlier, we tested a possible association of FV-Leiden and G6PD deficiency. METHODS One hundred sixty-eight healthy blood donors and 55 G6PD deficient individuals originating from the Dalmatian region were tested for the presence of FV-Leiden mutation and silent mutation 1311. RESULTS Prevalence of FV-Leiden among blood donors was 2.4%, while among G6PD deficient individuals it was significantly higher, 11% (p=0.011). Prevalence of silent mutation 1311 among blood donors and G6PD deficient individuals was 21 and 15%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS Observed allele frequencies among individuals originating from the Dalmatian region is similar to the neighboring European and Mediterranean populations. Interestingly, our results indicate the association of the FV-Leiden and G6PD deficiency and warrant further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedrana Cikes
- Laboratory for Molecular Biology, University of Split, School of Medicine, Split, Croatia
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