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Yarayan YE, Solmaz S, Aslan M, Batrakoulis A, Al-Mhanna SB, Keskin K. Sex Differences in Athletic Performance Response to the Imagery and Mental Toughness of Elite Middle- and Long-Distance Runners. Sports (Basel) 2024; 12:141. [PMID: 38921835 PMCID: PMC11207883 DOI: 10.3390/sports12060141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2024] [Revised: 05/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine whether there is a difference between the levels of imagery and mental toughness in the context of sports performance in male and female athletes. A total of 344 track and field athletes, 205 male (59.6%, 23.3 ± 4.0 years) and 139 female (40.4%, 22.9 ± 4.0 years), voluntarily participated in the study. Imagery Inventory and Mental Toughness Inventory in Sport were used as data collection tools in the study. In the evaluation of athletic performance, athletes were asked about their ranks in the years 2020, 2021, and 2022 and were categorized according to the scoring tables specified by the International Association of Athletics Federation. A MANOVA analysis was used to determine whether there was a difference between low (-2% to +5%), medium (+6 to +11%), and high (+12 to +17%) performers among male and female athletes, and a post hoc analysis was used to determine the source of the difference. According to the present findings, there was no significant difference between the imagery and mental toughness levels of athletes with high, medium, and low performance among male athletes. On the contrary, a significant difference was detected between the imagery and mental toughness levels of female athletes with medium and high performances, showing that athletes in the high-performance range had higher levels of imagery (Eta2 = 8) and mental toughness (Eta2 = 10) than athletes in the medium- and low-performance ranges. The findings of this study show that imagery and emotional intelligence are important factors for sports performance. In this context, coaches and sports psychologists can include these parameters in their training programs to achieve the optimal performance range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunus Emre Yarayan
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Siirt University, Siirt 56100, Turkey; (Y.E.Y.); (M.A.)
| | - Serdar Solmaz
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Batman University, Batman 72000, Turkey;
| | - Mehdi Aslan
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Siirt University, Siirt 56100, Turkey; (Y.E.Y.); (M.A.)
| | - Alexios Batrakoulis
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Thessaly, 42100 Trikala, Greece;
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Democritus University of Thrace, 69100 Komotini, Greece
| | - Sameer Badri Al-Mhanna
- School of Medical Sciences, Department of Physiology, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
| | - Kadir Keskin
- School of Physical Education and Sports, Gazi University, Ankara 06560, Turkey
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2
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Budnik-Przybylska D, Fituch M, Kowalewska A. Why Should Diabetic Women Be Active?-The Role of Personality, Self-Esteem, Body-Esteem, and Imagery. Healthcare (Basel) 2024; 12:857. [PMID: 38667619 PMCID: PMC11050508 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12080857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is one of the fastest spreading diseases in the 21st century. The aim of the study is twofold: (1) to find differences in personality traits, self-esteem, body-esteem, and imagery between healthy women and women with diabetes; (2) to verify whether there are differences in the analyzed factors among women with diabetes who engage in sports compared to those who do not. We used 3 questionnaires: Imagination in Sport-short form, Self-Esteem Scale (SES), and BFIS Personality, which were tested online. We found that women with diabetes were characterized by significantly higher neuroticism, lower extraversion, and higher conscientiousness (marginally significant). We also found that women with diabetes who practice sport rated their bodies more highly in terms of sexual attractiveness and made better use of imagined affirmations than women without diabetes who were not active. Our study provides new insights into diabetics in terms of women navigating the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmara Budnik-Przybylska
- Sport Psychology Division, Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland
| | | | - Aleksandra Kowalewska
- Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Social Science, University of Gdansk, 80-309 Gdansk, Poland;
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Liu Y, Hu J. Effect of Object on Kinesthetic Motor Imagery in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Pilot Study Based on Eye-Tracking Methodology. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2024; 20:167-183. [PMID: 38282833 PMCID: PMC10822112 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s435258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Social disturbance is a significant autism spectrum disorder (ASD) symptom. Action representation, which is a fundamental component of social interaction, can be investigated through kinesthetic motor imagery (KMI). KMI has been commonly studied with the well-developed laterality judgment paradigm, wherein participants are required to discriminate the laterality of a hand rotated by different angles along one or more axes. Here, we investigated the KMI processing in individuals with ASD by hand laterality judgment paradigm with eye-tracking methodology. Methods The current study included 22 participants with ASD and 22 typical developing (TD) peers matched for age, gender, and intelligence. Participants were asked to judge the laterality of hand-with-tooth brush images. Results Compared to the TD controls, individuals with ASD performed KMI with lower accuracy and longer response time in both correct and incorrect action conditions. The incorrect action representation had greater effect on KMI for individuals with ASD. Differences in eye-movement patterns were also observed, characterized by individuals with ASD were more focused on the object area while TD peers were more focused on the hand area. Conclusion Results suggest that while altered KMI performance was observed, the incorrect action representation elicited more engagement of KMI in both groups. The object-centered eye-movement pattern may contribute to the refine of motor simulation intervention for individuals with ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Liu
- Department of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jinsheng Hu
- Department of Psychology, Liaoning Normal University, Dalian, People’s Republic of China
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Hidayat Y, Yudiana Y, Hambali B, Sultoni K, Ustun UD, Singnoy C. The effect of the combined self-talk and mental imagery program on the badminton motor skills and self-confidence of youth beginner student-athletes. BMC Psychol 2023; 11:35. [PMID: 36737818 PMCID: PMC9898987 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-023-01073-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The psychological strategies of self-talk (S.T.) and mental imagery (MI) have an essential role in training and sports performance, but their implementation, particularly in combination, is still limited. This study aimed to examine badminton motor skills (BMS) and self-confidence (S.C.) mastery after a psychological strategy intervention of S.T. and MI, which were integrated into the BMS training process in both independent and interactive functions. The S.T. strategy consisted of instructional (I-S.T.) and motivational (M-S.T.) functions, while the MI consisted of cognitive (C-MI) and motivational (M-MI) aspects. METHODS Eighty youth beginner badminton student-athletes aged 10-12 years (male = 40, female = 40) were divided through a disproportional stratified sampling into four experimental groups (EG: 2-function S.T. × 2-function MI) and one control group (CG). The intervention program lasted eight weeks (three meetings a week for a total of 24 meetings). The participants completed a fidelity check at each session. At the end of the intervention, they took a BMS test and completed a self-confidence scale. RESULTS The S.T. and MI strategies had a significant effect on BMS and S.C. mastery (independent and interaction functions) in multivariate and univariate ways; however, independently, they had no significant effect on S.C. The effect of I-S.T. > M-S.T. and the effect of C-MI > M-MI on BMS, but there was no difference in S.C. In the I-S.T. condition, the C-MI and M-MI strategies did not have a different interaction effect on BMS mastery, but the effect of M-MI > C-MI on S.C. In the M-S.T. condition, the effect of C-MI > M-MI on the BMS and S.C. mastery. In the C-MI condition, the I-S.T. and M-S.T. strategies did not have a different interaction effect on BMS mastery, but the effect of M-S.T. > I-ST on S.C. In the M-MI condition, the effect of I-S.T. > M-S.T. on the BMS and S.C. mastery. CONCLUSION The results of this study contribute to the existing evidence on the effectiveness of S.T. and MI strategies in the motor skill mastery and psychological skill development of beginner student-athletes. Thus, S.T. and MI strategies can be adapted as psychological strategies that coaches and physical educators can use to improve beginner student-athlete learning, sports performance, and psychological skills.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuf Hidayat
- grid.443099.30000 0000 9370 3717Faculty of Sport and Health Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Yunyun Yudiana
- grid.443099.30000 0000 9370 3717Faculty of Sport and Health Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Burhan Hambali
- grid.443099.30000 0000 9370 3717Faculty of Sport and Health Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Kuston Sultoni
- grid.443099.30000 0000 9370 3717Faculty of Sport and Health Education, Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia, Bandung, Indonesia ,grid.1013.30000 0004 1936 834XSydney School of Education and Social Works, The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Umit Dogan Ustun
- grid.14352.310000 0001 0680 7823School of Physical Education and Sports, Mustafa Kemal University, Antakya, Turkey
| | - Chatkamon Singnoy
- grid.411825.b0000 0000 9482 780XFaculty of Sport Science, Burapha University, Chon Buri, Thailand
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Collins R, Collins D, Carson HJ. Show Me, Tell Me: An Investigation Into Learning Processes Within Skateboarding as an Informal Coaching Environment. Front Psychol 2022; 13:812068. [PMID: 35369235 PMCID: PMC8965649 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.812068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Coach education is a learner-centred process, which often fails to consider the preferences of the consumer. Historically, research into performers’ experiences of coaching have been influenced by the social constructivism of learning: in short, an expressed preference for what the performer has experienced as determined by their coach, rather than their own personal preferences. Therefore, this research used skateboarding as a natural laboratory in order to explore the current practices and preferences of performers in a coach-free environment. Ninety-one skateboarders from parks in the United Kingdom and New Zealand offered information relating to their current learning practices, how they learnt about learning, and how the top-level performers in their environment were differentiated. Findings suggest that a number of learning tools are used by performers, which are closely aligned with a more traditional, cognitive view of coaching (e.g., demonstration, drills, and error usage). Results also suggest that performers deployed a number of cognitive skills (e.g., imagery, analogy, and understanding) to enhance storage of a movement as an internal representation. Finally, in the absence of formal coaching, performers use their knowledge of learning to appoint informal leaders. Implications for practice are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosie Collins
- Department of Sport, Health Sciences and Social Work, Oxford Brookes University, Oxford, United Kingdom.,Grey Matters Performance Ltd., London, United Kingdom
| | - Dave Collins
- Grey Matters Performance Ltd., London, United Kingdom.,Human Performance Science Research Group, Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Howie J Carson
- Human Performance Science Research Group, Institute for Sport, Physical Education and Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
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Spotlight on the link between imagery and empathy in sport. SPORT SCIENCES FOR HEALTH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11332-020-00722-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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7
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Quinton ML, Veldhuijzen van Zanten J, Trotman GP, Cumming J, Williams SE. Investigating the Protective Role of Mastery Imagery Ability in Buffering Debilitative Stress Responses. Front Psychol 2019; 10:1657. [PMID: 31396128 PMCID: PMC6668598 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mastery imagery has been shown to be associated with more positive cognitive and emotional responses to stress, but research is yet to investigate the influence of mastery imagery ability on imagery's effectiveness in regulating responses to acute stress, such as competition. Furthermore, little research has examined imagery's effectiveness in response to actual competition. This study examined (a) whether mastery imagery ability was associated with stress response changes to a competitive stress task, a car racing computer game, following an imagery intervention, and (b) the effects of different guided imagery content on pre-task cognitive and emotional responses. In Session 1, 78 participants (M age = 20.03 years, SD = 1.28) completed ratings of pre-task anxiety intensity and direction, confidence, and perceived control. Imagery ability was also assessed before completing the task. In Session 2, participants were randomly allocated to an imagery condition (positive mastery, negative mastery, relaxation) or control group (no imagery) before completing the task and outcome measures again. For the negative mastery group, greater positive mastery imagery ability was associated with greater perceived control and perceiving anxiety as more facilitative. Furthermore, mastery imagery ability moderated the relationship between anxiety intensity and direction. Altogether, results suggest that positive mastery imagery ability may act as a potential buffer against the effects of negative images.
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8
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Can Personality Factors and Body Esteem Predict Imagery Ability in Dancers? Sports (Basel) 2019; 7:sports7060131. [PMID: 31146337 PMCID: PMC6628101 DOI: 10.3390/sports7060131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2019] [Revised: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/26/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Dancing is mainly regarded as a form of art, which has been linked to the expression of emotions. Imagery is a well-known technique for enhancing performance. Additionally, specific personality traits are likely to facilitate performance. In the dancer’s performance, regarding the body as a tool is crucial. The following study examines personality and perceived body esteem as predictors of imagery ability in professional dancers. We analyzed two experimental groups, namely ballet dancers and professional dancers of other styles, and a control group. A sample of 249 people took part in the study: 155 women and 94 men aged 18–56 years. Participants filled in The Imagination in Sport Questionnaire and Polish adaptations of the Big Five Inventory—Short and the Body Esteem Scale. Results indicated that while each experimental group differed significantly from the control group in terms of their imagery ability, there were no differences between the two experimental groups. Findings revealed that personality traits, mainly higher openness to experience, and body esteem, mainly related to physical condition, were significant predictors of higher imagery ability in all groups.
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9
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MacIntyre TE, Madan CR, Moran AP, Collet C, Guillot A. Motor imagery, performance and motor rehabilitation. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2018; 240:141-159. [PMID: 30390828 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2018.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Motor imagery has been central to adzvances in sport performance and rehabilitation. Neuroscience has provided techniques for measurement which have aided our understanding, conceptualization and theorizing. Challenges remain in the appropriate measurement of motor imagery. Motor imagery continues to provide an impetus for new findings relating to our emotional network, embodied cognition, inhibitory processes and action representation. New directions are proposed which include exploring the physical setting and conditions in which imagery occurs and investigating if short term impairments to the motor system detract from motor imagery ability and the potential application of motor imagery for recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadhg E MacIntyre
- Health Research Institute, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland.
| | | | - Aidan P Moran
- School of Psychology, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Christian Collet
- UFR STAPS, Université de Lyon-Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aymeric Guillot
- UFR STAPS, Université de Lyon-Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
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10
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Kosteli MC, Williams SE, Cumming J. Exploring Imagery as a Technique for Promoting Physical Activity in Older Adults. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/0276236618767083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Exercise imagery can be beneficial for insufficiently active people as a means to promote physical activity (PA) engagement and positive psychological states. The present study explored imagery use in physically active and insufficiently active older adults. The revised applied model of deliberate imagery use (RAMDIU) was used as a framework to explain When, Where, Why, What, and How older adults image and explored whether the Who component of the model (older adults/PA status) interacts with these different components; 37 ( Mage = 64, SD = 5.2; 17 females) participants representing a range of PA levels took part in one of seven focus groups. Thematic analysis provided support for RAMDIU, with motivation, memory, and planning identified as the most common imagery functions, and scenery and reward images as the most commonly reported imagery content. Although some similarities exist, older adults tend to use imagery for unique functions compared with younger counterparts (e.g., to improve memory). Understanding the use of imagery in older adults will help to tailor PA interventions for promoting healthy aging in this population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah E. Williams
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
| | - Jennifer Cumming
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK
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Affiliation(s)
- Jennifer Cumming
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, UK
| | - Daniel L. Eaves
- School of Social Sciences, Humanities & Law, Teesside University, UK
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12
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Robin N, Coudevylle GR, Hue O, Toussaint L. The influences of tropical climate on imagined walking time. JOURNAL OF COGNITIVE PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/20445911.2017.1384382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Robin
- Laboratoire “Adaptation au Climat Tropical, Exercice & Santé”, Faculté des Sciences du Sport de Pointe-à-Pitre, Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Guillaume R. Coudevylle
- Laboratoire “Adaptation au Climat Tropical, Exercice & Santé”, Faculté des Sciences du Sport de Pointe-à-Pitre, Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Olivier Hue
- Laboratoire “Adaptation au Climat Tropical, Exercice & Santé”, Faculté des Sciences du Sport de Pointe-à-Pitre, Université des Antilles, Pointe-à-Pitre, France
| | - Lucette Toussaint
- Centre de Recherches sur la Cognition et l’Apprentissage
- Université de Poitiers, Poitiers, France
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13
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Anuar N, Williams SE, Cumming J. Do the physical and environment PETTLEP elements predict sport imagery ability? Eur J Sport Sci 2017; 17:1319-1327. [DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1377290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nurwina Anuar
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
- Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Sarah E. Williams
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
| | - Jennifer Cumming
- School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK
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14
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Simonsmeier BA, Hannemann A. Die deutsche Übersetzung des SIQ und SIAQ zur Erfassung von Vorstellungsgebrauch und Vorstellungskompetenz im Sport. ZEITSCHRIFT FUR SPORTPSYCHOLOGIE 2017. [DOI: 10.1026/1612-5010/a000204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Zusammenfassung. Ziel der vorliegenden Studie war es, eine deutschsprachige Übersetzung des Sport Imagery Questionnaire (SIQ; Hall, Mack, Paivio & Hausenblas, 1998 ) sowie des Sport Imagery Ability Questionnaire (SIAQ, Williams & Cumming, 2011 ) zu erstellen und auf ihre psychometrischen Eigenschaften zu überprüfen. Der SIQ erfasst das Konstrukt Vorstellungsgebrauch, der SIAQ die Vorstellungskompetenz. An der Studie nahmen 404 Athletinnen und Athleten aus über 45 Sportarten im Alter von 14 bis 72 Jahren in Präsenz- und Onlineerhebungen teil. Konfirmatorische Faktorenanalysen der deutschen Übersetzungen des SIQ und SIAQ zeigten akzeptable Fit-Indizes und Reliabilitäten. Messinvarianz-Analysen ergaben skalare Invarianz der Erhebungsmethode. Die deutschen Versionen des SIQ und SIAQ zeigen demnach die gleiche Faktorstruktur wie die Originalfragebögen mit vergleichbaren psychometrischen Eigenschaften. Die Ergebnisse liefern Evidenz, dass der SIQ und SIAQ reliable Maße zur Erfassung von Vorstellungsgebrauch und Vorstellungskompetenz für die Forschung und sportpsychologische Praxis darstellen. Weitere Forschung bezüglich der Weiterentwicklung, Retest-Reliabilität und prädiktiven Validität ist wünschenswert.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Anne Hannemann
- Institut für Pädagogische Psychologie, Universität Trier
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Cumming J, Cooley SJ, Anuar N, Kosteli MC, Quinton ML, Weibull F, Williams SE. Developing imagery ability effectively: A guide to layered stimulus response training. JOURNAL OF SPORT PSYCHOLOGY IN ACTION 2016. [DOI: 10.1080/21520704.2016.1205698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Di Rienzo F, Debarnot U, Daligault S, Saruco E, Delpuech C, Doyon J, Collet C, Guillot A. Online and Offline Performance Gains Following Motor Imagery Practice: A Comprehensive Review of Behavioral and Neuroimaging Studies. Front Hum Neurosci 2016; 10:315. [PMID: 27445755 PMCID: PMC4923126 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2016.00315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
There is now compelling evidence that motor imagery (MI) promotes motor learning. While MI has been shown to influence the early stages of the learning process, recent data revealed that sleep also contributes to the consolidation of the memory trace. How such "online" and "offline" processes take place and how they interact to impact the neural underpinnings of movements has received little attention. The aim of the present review is twofold: (i) providing an overview of recent applied and fundamental studies investigating the effects of MI practice (MIP) on motor learning; and (ii) detangling applied and fundamental findings in support of a sleep contribution to motor consolidation after MIP. We conclude with an integrative approach of online and offline learning resulting from intense MIP in healthy participants, and underline research avenues in the motor learning/clinical domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franck Di Rienzo
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Ursula Debarnot
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Villeurbanne, France; Laboratoire de Neurologie et d'Imagerie Cognitive, Université de GenèveGeneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Elodie Saruco
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Claude Delpuech
- INSERM U821, Département MEG, CERMEP Imagerie Du Vivant Bron, France
| | - Julien Doyon
- Unité de Neuroimagerie Fonctionnelle, Département de Psychologie, Institut Universitaire de Gériatrie de Montréal, Université de Montréal Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Christian Collet
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Aymeric Guillot
- Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité, Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1Villeurbanne, France; Institut Universitaire de FranceParis, France
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Ferreira Dias Kanthack T, Guillot A, Ricardo Altimari L, Nunez Nagy S, Collet C, Di Rienzo F. Selective Efficacy of Static and Dynamic Imagery in Different States of Physical Fatigue. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0149654. [PMID: 26930279 PMCID: PMC4773141 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0149654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
There is compelling evidence that motor imagery contributes to improved motor performance, and recent work showed that dynamic motor imagery (dMI) might provide additional benefits by comparison with traditional MI practice. However, the efficacy of motor imagery in different states of physical fatigue remains largely unknown, especially as imagery accuracy may be hampered by the physical fatigue states elicited by training. We investigated the effect of static motor imagery (sMI) and dMI on free-throw accuracy in 10 high-level basketball athletes, both in a non-fatigued state (Experiment 1) and immediately after an incremental running test completed until exhaustion (20 m shuttle run-test-Experiment 2). We collected perceived exhaustion and heart rate to quantify the subjective experience of fatigue and energy expenditure. We found that dMI brought better shooting performance than sMI, except when athletes were physically exhausted. These findings shed light on the conditions eliciting optimal use of sMI and dMI. In particular, considering that the current physical state affects body representation, performing dMI under fatigue may result in mismatches between actual and predicted body states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiago Ferreira Dias Kanthack
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM), F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Sistema Neuromuscular e Exercício, Londrina State University, Paraná, Brazil
- CAPES Foundation, Ministry of Education of Brazil, Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil
| | - Aymeric Guillot
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM), F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, Paris, France
| | - Leandro Ricardo Altimari
- Grupo de Pesquisa em Sistema Neuromuscular e Exercício, Londrina State University, Paraná, Brazil
| | - Susana Nunez Nagy
- Unidad de Fisioterapia, Universidad de Alcalá, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, España
| | - Christian Collet
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM), F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Franck Di Rienzo
- Université de Lyon, Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Laboratoire Interuniversitaire de Biologie de la Motricité (LIBM), F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
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Guillot A, Di Rienzo F, Pialoux V, Simon G, Skinner S, Rogowski I. Implementation of Motor Imagery during Specific Aerobic Training Session in Young Tennis Players. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143331. [PMID: 26580804 PMCID: PMC4651510 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of implementing motor imagery (MI) during specific tennis high intensity intermittent training (HIIT) sessions on groundstroke performance in young elite tennis players. Stroke accuracy and ball velocity of forehand and backhand drives were evaluated in ten young tennis players, immediately before and after having randomly performed two HIIT sessions. One session included MI exercises during the recovery phases, while the other included verbal encouragements for physical efforts and served as control condition. Results revealed that similar cardiac demand was observed during both sessions, while implementing MI maintained groundstroke accuracy. Embedding MI during HIIT enabled the development of physical fitness and the preservation of stroke performance. These findings bring new insight to tennis and conditioning coaches in order to fulfil the benefits of specific playing HIIT sessions, and therefore to optimise the training time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aymeric Guillot
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75000, Paris, France
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport–EA 647, UFRSTAPS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Franck Di Rienzo
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport–EA 647, UFRSTAPS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Vincent Pialoux
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75000, Paris, France
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport–EA 647, UFRSTAPS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Germain Simon
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport–EA 647, UFRSTAPS, Villeurbanne, France
- Ligue du Lyonnais de Tennis, Bron, France
| | - Sarah Skinner
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport–EA 647, UFRSTAPS, Villeurbanne, France
| | - Isabelle Rogowski
- Université de Lyon, Université Lyon 1, Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport–EA 647, UFRSTAPS, Villeurbanne, France
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Williams SE, Guillot A, Di Rienzo F, Cumming J. Comparing self-report and mental chronometry measures of motor imagery ability. Eur J Sport Sci 2015; 15:703-11. [PMID: 26313631 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2015.1051133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the relationship between two of the most common measures of motor imagery ability, self-report ratings, and chronometric assessment. This was done for three types of imagery modalities: external visual imagery (EVI), internal visual imagery (IVI), and kinesthetic imagery (KI). Measures of imagery ability (i.e. self-report and mental chronometry) were also compared across skill levels. Participants (N = 198) completed the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 (MIQ-3) to generate self-report ratings. Chronometric assessment was obtained by recording the duration of each MIQ-3 movement imaged and physically performed and then calculating a discrepancy score. There were no significant correlations between self-report and mental chronometry for any of the three motor imagery types (p > .05). When assessing the different types of motor imagery ability using self-report ratings, elite athletes had significantly higher KI than IVI, which was in turn significantly higher than EVI (p < .05). When assessing motor imagery ability using mental chronometry, there were no significant differences in imagery type (p > .05). Findings suggest both measures address different components of MI quality and should be used together to obtain a more comprehensive assessment of motor imagery ability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Williams
- a School of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation Sciences , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , B15 2TT , UK
| | - Aymeric Guillot
- b Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport , Université Claude Bernard - Lyon 1 , Lyon , France
| | - Franck Di Rienzo
- b Centre de Recherche et d'Innovation sur le Sport , Université Claude Bernard - Lyon 1 , Lyon , France
| | - Jennifer Cumming
- a School of Sport, Exercise & Rehabilitation Sciences , University of Birmingham , Edgbaston , Birmingham , B15 2TT , UK
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