Bergrem HA, Valderhaug TG, Hartmann A, Hjelmesaeth J, Leivestad T, Bergrem H, Jenssen T. Undiagnosed diabetes in kidney transplant candidates: a case-finding strategy.
Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2010;
5:616-22. [PMID:
20133490 PMCID:
PMC2849698 DOI:
10.2215/cjn.07501009]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2009] [Accepted: 01/06/2010] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES
Guidelines recommend that candidates for kidney transplantation (KTx) who do not have diabetes perform a pretransplantation oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) when fasting plasma glucose (FPG) is <110 mg/dl (<6.1 mmol/L); however, the OGTT is potentially costly and cumbersome. We studied the role of the OGTT for diagnosing diabetes and the accuracy of FPG and glycated hemoglobin (HbA(1c)) for predicting a diabetic OGTT before KTx.
DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, & MEASUREMENTS
In this cross-sectional study, 889 first single-kidney transplant candidates without diabetes, mainly white, performed an OGTT during the transplantation workup. Results were studied using receiver operating characteristic analysis.
RESULTS
Of 72 (8.1%) patients with undiagnosed diabetes, only 16 (22%) had a diabetic FPG (> or =126 mg/dl [> or =7.0 mmol/L]). In patients with a nondiabetic FPG, diabetes (2-hour plasma glucose [2h-PG] > or =200 mg/dl [> or =11.1 mmol/L]) was predicted by FPG but not by HbA(1c). Performing the OGTT in patients with FPG 92 to 125 mg/dl (5.1 to 6.9 mmol/L) identified 65 (90%) patients with diabetes (16 by FPG, 49 by 2h-PG) and required seven OGTTs per patient identified. Subjecting all patients with FPG <110 mg/dl (<6.1 mmol/L) to the OGTT identified 60 (83%) patients with diabetes (16 by FPG, 44 by 2h-PG) but required 14 OGTTs per patient.
CONCLUSIONS
The OGTT was paramount in finding most cases of undiagnosed diabetes before KTx. FPG but not HbA(1c) predicted a diabetic OGTT. We suggest that white KTx candidates without diabetes perform a pretransplantation OGTT when FPG is 92 to 125 mg/dl (5.1 to 6.9 mmol/L).
Collapse