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Tate DE, Tanprasertsuk J, Jones RB, Maughan H, Chakrabarti A, Khafipour E, Norton SA, Shmalberg J, Honaker RW. A Randomized Controlled Trial to Evaluate the Impact of a Novel Probiotic and Nutraceutical Supplement on Pruritic Dermatitis and the Gut Microbiota in Privately Owned Dogs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:453. [PMID: 38338095 PMCID: PMC10854619 DOI: 10.3390/ani14030453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/27/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Pruritic dermatitis (PD) is a common presentation of canine allergic skin diseases, with diversity in severity and treatment response due to complex etiopathogenesis. Evidence suggests the gut microbiota (GM) may contribute to the development of canine allergies. A 10-week double-blind randomized controlled trial evaluated a novel probiotic and nutraceutical blend (PNB) on clinical signs of skin allergy, health measures, and the GM of privately owned self-reported pruritic dogs. A total of 105 dogs were enrolled, with 62 included in pruritus and health analysis and 50 in microbiome analysis. The PNB supported greater improvement of owner-assessed clinical signs of PD at week 2 than the placebo (PBO). More dogs that received the PNB shifted to normal pruritus (digital PVAS10-N: <2) by week 4, compared to week 7 for the PBO. While a placebo effect was identified, clinical differences were supported by changes in the GM. The PNB enriched three probiotic bacteria and reduced abundances of species associated with negative effects. The PBO group demonstrated increased abundances of pathogenic species and reduced abundances of several beneficial species. This trial supports the potential of the PNB as a supplemental intervention in the treatment of PD; however, further investigation is warranted, with stricter diagnostic criteria, disease biomarkers and direct veterinary examination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon E. Tate
- NomNomNow Inc., Nashville, TN 37207, USA; (D.E.T.); (J.T.); (R.B.J.)
| | | | - Roshonda B. Jones
- NomNomNow Inc., Nashville, TN 37207, USA; (D.E.T.); (J.T.); (R.B.J.)
| | | | | | - Ehsan Khafipour
- Cargill Inc., Wayzata, MN 55391, USA; (A.C.); (E.K.); (S.A.N.)
| | | | - Justin Shmalberg
- Department of Comparative, Diagnostic, and Population Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA
| | - Ryan W. Honaker
- NomNomNow Inc., Nashville, TN 37207, USA; (D.E.T.); (J.T.); (R.B.J.)
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Vyhnal K, Kimbrough T, Pacheco M, Cooper R, Gigliotti A, Adney DR. Pneumonia and Meningitis in a Beagle Dog caused by Actinomyces bowdenii. Vet Anim Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vas.2023.100293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
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Samoel GVA, Herbichi AP, Nunes GT, Machado CS, Fernandes FD, Vogel FSF, Cargnelutti JF. Isolation and characterization of Buchananella hordeovulneris from feline pyothorax. Braz J Microbiol 2022; 53:2329-2334. [PMID: 36242745 PMCID: PMC9679070 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-022-00845-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
A 1-year-old female mixed-breed cat was admitted to a veterinary hospital in Southern Brazil with tachypnea, low thoracic amplitude, restrictive breathing pattern, and cyanotic mucous membranes 2 days after elective castration surgery. Radiography revealed pleural effusion, and approximately 100-200 mL of fluid was collected by thoracocentesis. The reddish purulent exudate contained large numbers of yellowish-white granules with branched filamentous structures on cytological examination. The fluid was plated on blood agar and incubated under aerobiosis at 37 °C. On the third day of incubation, circular, dry, and opaque colonies, measuring < 0.5 mm in diameter, were observed. Their phenotypic and molecular characteristics were compatible with Buchananella hordeovulneris (basonym: Actinomyces hordeovulneris), a pathogenic actinomycete rarely detected in cats. Our findings indicate that B. hordeovulneris should be included in the differential diagnosis of pyothorax in cats together with Actinomyces spp. and Nocardia spp. Taxonomic confirmation of disease-causing microorganisms in animals is important to understand the course of infection and its association with disease epidemiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gisele Vaz Aguirre Samoel
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Residência em Área Profissional da Saúde-Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Alana Pivoto Herbichi
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Residência em Área Profissional da Saúde-Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Tormes Nunes
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Residência em Área Profissional da Saúde-Medicina Veterinária, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Carolina Sleutjes Machado
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fagner D'ambroso Fernandes
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina Veterinária (PPGMV), Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Silveira Flores Vogel
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
| | - Juliana Felipetto Cargnelutti
- Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva, Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
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Rexo A, Hansen B, Clarsund M, Krumbeck JA, Bernstein J. Effect of topical medication on the nasomaxillary skin-fold microbiome in French bulldogs. Vet Dermatol 2021; 33:10-e5. [PMID: 34668256 DOI: 10.1111/vde.13017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Host-microbe interactions may influence dermatitis pathogenesis in the nasomaxillary folds of French bulldogs, which is often complicated by secondary bacterial and fungal infections. OBJECTIVE To assess the skin-fold microbiome in systemically healthy French bulldogs and to determine the influence of topical medications on this microbiome. ANIMALS Nineteen healthy French bulldogs. METHODS AND MATERIALS Next-generation DNA sequencing was applied to characterise the microbiome composition in the nasomaxillary folds of systemically healthy French bulldogs. Subsequently, the effect of two topical products on the fold microbiome was assessed. Seven dogs were treated with a protease product (Kalzyme; enzyme) that inhibits biofilm formation without biocidal activity, six dogs were treated with a 2% chlorhexidine diacetate solution (Nolvasan; CHX) with biocidal activity, and six dogs were untreated. Dogs were randomly assigned to each group, and the investigator was blinded. RESULTS The primary skin bacterial phyla inhabiting the folds at inclusion were Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria. The primary skin fungal phyla were Ascomycota and Basidiomycota. Topical treatment increased the diversity of bacterial and fungal compositions over time (increase in microbial diversity score: enzyme 38%, chlorhexidine 11%, control <5%) and the relative abundance of pathogens reduced significantly (enzyme, P = 0.028; CHX, P = 0.048). A clear correlation (r2 = 0.83) was observed between the abundance of clinically relevant pathogens and microbial diversity. CONCLUSIONS The nasomaxillary skin-fold microbiome of healthy French bulldogs contained a high abundance of clinically relevant pathogens (mean 36.4%). Topical therapy with enzyme increased microbial diversity of skin folds and reduced the relative abundance of pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alissa Rexo
- Dermatology and Allergy Services for Animals, Springfield, VA, 22150, USA
| | - Bruce Hansen
- Dermatology and Allergy Services for Animals, Springfield, VA, 22150, USA
| | - Mats Clarsund
- Division of Biotechnology, Lund University, Lund, 223 63, Sweden
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Song RB, Vitullo CA, da Costa RC, Daniels JB. Long-term survival in a dog with meningoencephalitis and epidural abscessation due to Actinomyces species. J Vet Diagn Invest 2015; 27:552-7. [PMID: 26069224 DOI: 10.1177/1040638715586439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A 2-year-old, female spayed Golden Retriever dog was presented to The Ohio State University Veterinary Medical Center for evaluation of ataxia, cervical pain, 1 episode of acute collapse, dull mentation, and inappetence. Physical examination revealed an elevated temperature of 39.7°C and severe cervical pain. Blood work revealed a mature neutrophilia. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis revealed nondegenerative neutrophilic pleocytosis with no infectious agents. A presumptive diagnosis of steroid-responsive meningitis-arteritis was made, and corticosteroid therapy was started. The patient improved initially but experienced a vestibular episode characterized by falling and vertical nystagmus. A magnetic resonance imaging of the brain revealed an epidural abscess in the cervical vertebral canal and diffuse meningeal enhancement in the brain and cranial cervical spine. Abscess drainage revealed degenerate neutrophils and several filamentous, branching organisms. Culture of the initial CSF using an enrichment broth revealed growth of a Gram-positive organism 5 days after fluid collection. The isolate was identified by partial 16S ribosomal DNA sequencing as Actinomyces spp. The patient was successfully treated with long-term antibiotics. Our study reports the long-term survival after medical treatment of bacterial meningoencephalitis and epidural abscessation due to Actinomyces sp. infection in a dog. Bacterial meningoencephalitis should be included as a differential diagnosis in patients with cervical pain and fever, even when a nondegenerative neutrophilic pleocytosis is found on CSF analysis. Culture of the CSF with use of an enrichment broth should be considered in all cases of neutrophilic pleocytosis to rule out infections of the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel B Song
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Carina A Vitullo
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
| | - Ronaldo C da Costa
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH.
| | - Joshua B Daniels
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH
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Affiliation(s)
- K C L Lee
- Department of Clinical Sciences and Services, Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA
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Sherman A, Daniels JB, Wilkie DA, Lutz E. Actinomyces bowdeniiulcerative keratitis in a dog. Vet Ophthalmol 2012; 16:386-91. [DOI: 10.1111/vop.12001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Abstract
Thoracic actinomycosis was diagnosed by bacterial isolation in a dog with a history of chronic productive cough, weight loss, pyrexia and a pulmonary mass lesion on radiography. Therapy with amoxycillin and clindamycin did not significantly improve the patient's condition and euthanasia was performed during exploratory thoracotomy. Histological examination of the affected lung lobes revealed the presence of peribronchiolar adenocarcinoma. Actinomycosis has been reported to co-exist with pulmonary neoplasia in humans and may mask the presence of malignancy.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Davies
- Adelaide Animal Hospital, 301 Magill Road, Trinity Gardens, South Australia 5068
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Peterson PB, Miller MW, Hansen EK, Henry GA. Septic Pericarditis, Aortic Endarteritis, and Osteomyelitis in a Dog. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc 2003; 39:528-32. [PMID: 14736716 DOI: 10.5326/0390528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A 7-year-old, female spayed rottweiler was referred with a history of an acute onset of collapse attributable to cardiac tamponade. Thoracic radiographs revealed an enlarged cardiac silhouette compatible with pericardial effusion, sternal osteomyelitis, and an unusual mineralized lesion determined later to be within the aortic wall. The pericardial effusion was a septic exudate secondary to infection with Staphylococcus species and hemorrhage into the pericardium through a mineralized aortic lesion. The case demonstrates the importance of complete evaluation of thoracic radiographs in a patient with cardiac disease and the potential value of cytopathologicalevaluation of pericardial fluid.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polly B Peterson
- Departments of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-4474, USA
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Abstract
A four-year-old cocker spaniel presented with cardiac tamponade due to a pericardial effusion, in addition to pyrexia and peripheral neutrophilia and a recent history of chest trauma. Cytological examination of the pericardial effusion revealed a predominant neutrophilia. The echocardiographic findings were of numerous hyperechoic densities in the pericardial space, due to fibrin, with concurrent thickening and distortion of the pericardium. Postmortem examination, including microbiology, revealed the presence of organising septic fibrinous pericarditis associated with a mixed infection of Streptococcus canis, Citrobacter species, Pseudomonas species and alpha-haemolytic streptococci.
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