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Borszcz FK, de Aguiar RA, Costa VP, Denadai BS, de Lucas RD. Agreement Between Maximal Lactate Steady State and Critical Power in Different Sports: A Systematic Review and Bayesian's Meta-Regression. J Strength Cond Res 2024; 38:e320-e339. [PMID: 38781475 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000004772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
ABSTRACT Borszcz, FK, de Aguiar, RA, Costa, VP, Denadai, BS, and de Lucas, RD. Agreement between maximal lactate steady state and critical power in different sports: A systematic review and Bayesian's meta-regression. J Strength Cond Res 38(6): e320-e339, 2024-This study aimed to systematically review the literature and perform a meta-regression to determine the level of agreement between maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) and critical power (CP). Considered eligible to include were peer-reviewed and "gray literature" studies in English, Spanish, and Portuguese languages in cyclical exercises. The last search was made on March 24, 2022, on PubMed, ScienceDirect, SciELO, and Google Scholar. The study's quality was evaluated using 4 criteria adapted from the COSMIN tool. The level of agreement was examined by 2 separate meta-regressions modeled under Bayesian's methods, the first for the mean differences and the second for the SD of differences. The searches yielded 455 studies, of which 36 studies were included. Quality scale revealed detailed methods and small samples used and that some studies lacked inclusion/exclusion criteria reporting. For MLSS and CP comparison, likely (i.e., coefficients with high probabilities) covariates that change the mean difference were the MLSS time frame and delta criteria of blood lactate concentration, MLSS number and duration of pauses, CP longest predictive trial duration, CP type of predictive trials, CP model fitting parameters, and exercise modality. Covariates for SD of the differences were the subject's maximal oxygen uptake, CP's longest predictive trial duration, and exercise modality. Traditional MLSS protocol and CP from 2- to 15-minute trials do not reflect equivalent exercise intensity levels; the proximity between MLSS and CP measures can differ depending on test design, and both MLSS and CP have inherent limitations. Therefore, comparisons between them should always consider these aspects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Klitzke Borszcz
- Physical Effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Sciences, University of Santa Catarina State, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; and
| | - Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Physical Effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Sciences, University of Santa Catarina State, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; and
| | - Vitor Pereira Costa
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Sciences, University of Santa Catarina State, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil; and
| | - Benedito Sérgio Denadai
- Physical Effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
- Human Performance Laboratory, Paulista State University, Rio Claro, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Dantas de Lucas
- Physical Effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Andersson EP, Bachl P, Schmuttermair A, Staunton CA, Stöggl TL. Anaerobic work capacity in cycling: the effect of computational method. Eur J Appl Physiol 2022; 122:2637-2650. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-022-05038-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Purpose
To compare the anaerobic work capacity (AnWC, i.e., attributable anaerobic mechanical work) assessed using four different approaches/models applied to time-trial (TT) cycle-ergometry exercise.
Methods
Fifteen male cyclists completed a 7 × 4-min submaximal protocol and a 3-min all-out TT (TTAO). Linear relationships between power output (PO) and submaximal metabolic rate were constructed to estimate TT-specific gross efficiency (GE) and AnWC, using either a measured resting metabolic rate as a Y-intercept (7 + YLIN) or no measured Y-intercept (7-YLIN). In addition, GE of the last submaximal bout (GELAST) was used to estimate AnWC, and critical power (CP) from TTAO (CP3´AO) was used to estimate mechanical work above CP (W’, i.e., “AnWC”).
Results
Average PO during TTAO was 5.43 ± 0.30 and CP was 4.48 ± 0.23 W∙kg−1. The TT-associated GE values were ~ 22.0% for both 7 + YLIN and 7-YLIN and ~ 21.1% for GELAST (both P < 0.001). The AnWC were 269 ± 60, 272 ± 55, 299 ± 61, and 196 ± 52 J∙kg−1 for the 7 + YLIN, 7-YLIN, GELAST, and CP3´AO models, respectively (7 + YLIN and 7-YLIN versus GELAST, both P < 0.001; 7 + YLIN, 7-YLIN, and GELAST versus CP3´AO, all P < 0.01). For the three pair-wise comparisons between 7 + YLIN, 7-YLIN, and GELAST, typical errors in AnWC values ranged from 7 to 11 J∙kg−1, whereas 7 + YLIN, 7-YLIN, and GELAST versus CP3´AO revealed typical errors of 55–59 J∙kg−1.
Conclusion
These findings demonstrate a substantial disagreement in AnWC between CP3´AO and the other models. The 7 + YLIN and 7-YLIN generated 10% lower AnWC values than the GELAST model, whereas 7 + YLIN and 7-YLIN generated similar values of AnWC.
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Sousa FAB, Manchado-Gobatto FB, Rodrigues NA, Gobatto CA. Comparison of parameters derived from a three-minute all-out test with classical benchmarks for running exercise. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0266012. [PMID: 35324999 PMCID: PMC8947413 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0266012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare four constructs from the three-minute all-out test (AO3)–end power (EP), the area above EP (WEP), maximum power (Pmax), and attained V˙O2peak−to those derived from the classical CP model in tethered running. Seventeen male recreational runners underwent two experiments to test for reliability and agreement of AO3 parameters with those obtained from the classical CP model (Wꞌ and CP), a graded exercise test ( V˙O2max) and a 30-second all-out test (AO30s; Pmax); all performed on a non-motorized treadmill (NMT). Significance levels were set at p<0.05. There were no significant differences between test-retest for Pmax (p = 0.51), WEP (p = 0.39), and EP (p = 0.64), showing generally close to zero bias. Further, retest ICC were high for Pmax and EP (ICC > 0.86) but moderate for WEP (ICC = 0.69). Pmax showed no difference between AO3 and AO30s (p = 0.18; CV% = 9.5%). EP and WEP disagreed largely with their classical critical power model counterparts (p = 0.05; CV%>32.7% and p = 0.23; CV%>39.7%, respectively), showing greater error than their test-retest reliability. V˙O2peak from AO3 was not different (p = 0.13) and well related (CV% = 8.4; ICC = 0.87) to the incremental test V˙O2max. Under the studied conditions, the agreement of EP and WEP to CP and Wꞌ was not strong enough to assure their use interchangeably. Pmax and V˙O2max were closer to their criterion parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filipe A. B. Sousa
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
- Post-Graduation Program in Nutrition, Institute of Physical Education and Sport, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceio, Alagoas, Brazil
- * E-mail:
| | | | - Natália A. Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Claudio A. Gobatto
- Laboratory of Applied Sport Physiology, University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
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Vobejda C, Wortmann T, Zimmermann E. Constant power threshold—predicting maximal lactate steady state in recreational cyclists. GERMAN JOURNAL OF EXERCISE AND SPORT RESEARCH 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s12662-022-00801-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Introduction
Prolonged time trials proved capable of precisely estimating anaerobic threshold. However, time trial studies in recreational cyclists are missing. The aim of the present study was to evaluate accuracy and viability of constant power threshold, which is the highest power output constantly maintainable over time, for estimating maximal lactate steady state in recreational athletes.
Methods
A total of 25 recreational athletes participated in the study of whom 22 (11 female, 11 male) conducted all constant load time trials required for determining constant power threshold 30 min and 45 min, which is the highest power output constantly maintainable over 30 min and 45 min, respectively. Maximal lactate steady state was assessed subsequently from blood samples taken every 5 min during the time trials.
Results
Constant power threshold over 45 min (175.5 ± 49.6 W) almost matched power output at maximal lactate steady state (176.4 ± 50.5 W), whereas constant power threshold over 30 min (181.4 ± 51.4 W) was marginally higher (P = 0.007, d = 0.74). Interrelations between maximal lactate steady state and constant power threshold 30 min and constant power threshold 45 min were very close (R2 = 0.99, SEE = 8.9 W, Percentage SEE (%SEE) = 5.1%, P < 0.001 and R2 = 0.99, SEE = 10.0 W, %SEE = 5.7%, P < 0.001, respectively).
Conclusions
Determination of constant power threshold is a straining but viable and precise alternative for recreational cyclists to estimate power output at maximal lactate steady state and thus maximal sustainable oxidative metabolic rate.
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Muniz-Pumares D, Karsten B, Triska C, Glaister M. Methodological Approaches and Related Challenges Associated With the Determination of Critical Power and Curvature Constant. J Strength Cond Res 2019; 33:584-596. [DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Baumgart JK, Skovereng K, Sandbakk Ø. Comparison of Peak Oxygen Uptake and Test-Retest Reliability of Physiological Parameters between Closed-End and Incremental Upper-Body Poling Tests. Front Physiol 2017; 8:857. [PMID: 29163202 PMCID: PMC5670144 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: To compare peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) and the test-retest reliability of physiological parameters between a 1-min and a 3-min closed-end and an incremental open-end upper-body poling test. Methods: On two separate test days, 24 healthy, upper-body trained men (age: 28.3 ± 9.3 years, body mass: 77.4 ± 8.9 kg, height: 182 ± 7 cm) performed a 1-min, a 3-min and an incremental test to volitional exhaustion in the same random order. Respiratory parameters, heart rate (HR), blood lactate concentration (BLa), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), and power output were measured. VO2peak was determined as the single highest 30-s average. Relative reliability was assessed with the intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC2, 1) and absolute reliability with the standard error of measurement (SEM) and smallest detectable change (SDC). Results: The incremental (3.50 ± 0.46 L·min-1 and 45.4 ± 5.5 mL·kg-1·min-1) and the 3-min test (3.42 ± 0.47 L·min-1 and 44.5 ± 5.5 mL·kg-1·min-1) resulted in significantly higher absolute and body-mass normalized VO2peak compared to the 1-min test (3.13 ± 0.40 L·min-1 and 40.4 ± 5.0 mL·kg-1·min-1) (all comparisons, p < 0.001). Furthermore, the incremental test resulted in a significantly higher VO2peak as compared to the 3-min test (p < 0.001). VO2peak was significantly higher on day 1 than day 2 for the 1-min test (p < 0.05) and displayed a trend toward higher values on day 2 for the incremental test (p = 0.07). High and very high ICCs across all physiological parameters were found for the 1-min (0.827-0.956), the 3-min (0.916-0.949), and the incremental test (0.728-0.956). The SDC was consistently small for HR (1-min: 4%, 3-min: 4%, incremental: 3%), moderate for absolute and body-mass normalized VO2peak (1-min: 5%, 3-min: 6%, incremental: 7%) and large for BLa (1-min: 20%, 3-min: 12%, incremental: 22%). Conclusions: Whereas both the 3-min and the incremental test display high relative reliability, the incremental test induces slightly higher VO2peak. However, the 3-min test seems to be more stable with respect to day-to-day differences in VO2peak. The 1-min test would provide a reliable alternative when short test-duration is desirable, but is not recommended for testing VO2peak due to the clearly lower values.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia K Baumgart
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Centre for Elite Sports Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Knut Skovereng
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Centre for Elite Sports Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Øyvind Sandbakk
- Department of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Centre for Elite Sports Research, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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McGawley K. The Reliability and Validity of a Four-Minute Running Time-Trial in Assessing [Formula: see text]max and Performance. Front Physiol 2017; 8:270. [PMID: 28515696 PMCID: PMC5413511 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2017.00270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Traditional graded-exercise tests to volitional exhaustion (GXTs) are limited by the need to establish starting workloads, stage durations, and step increments. Short-duration time-trials (TTs) may be easier to implement and more ecologically valid in terms of real-world athletic events. The purpose of the current study was to assess the reliability and validity of maximal oxygen uptake (V˙O2max) and performance measured during a traditional GXT (STEP) and a four-minute running time-trial (RunTT). Methods: Ten recreational runners (age: 32 ± 7 years; body mass: 69 ± 10 kg) completed five STEP tests with a verification phase (VER) and five self-paced RunTTs on a treadmill. The order of the STEP/VER and RunTT trials was alternated and counter-balanced. Performance was measured as time to exhaustion (TTE) for STEP and VER and distance covered for RunTT. Results: The coefficient of variation (CV) for V˙O2max was similar between STEP, VER, and RunTT (1.9 ± 1.0, 2.2 ± 1.1, and 1.8 ± 0.8%, respectively), but varied for performance between the three types of test (4.5 ± 1.9, 9.7 ± 3.5, and 1.8 ± 0.7% for STEP, VER, and RunTT, respectively). Bland-Altman limits of agreement (bias ± 95%) showed V˙O2max to be 1.6 ± 3.6 mL·kg−1·min−1 higher for STEP vs. RunTT. Peak HR was also significantly higher during STEP compared with RunTT (P = 0.019). Conclusion: A four-minute running time-trial appears to provide more reliable performance data in comparison to an incremental test to exhaustion, but may underestimate V˙O2max.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kerry McGawley
- Swedish Winter Sports Research Centre, Department of Health Sciences, Mid Sweden UniversityÖstersund, Sweden
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Mattioni Maturana F, Keir DA, McLay KM, Murias JM. Can measures of critical power precisely estimate the maximal metabolic steady-state? Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017; 41:1197-1203. [PMID: 27819154 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2016-0248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Critical power (CP) conceptually represents the highest power output (PO) at physiological steady-state. In cycling exercise, CP is traditionally derived from the hyperbolic relationship of ∼5 time-to-exhaustion trials (TTE) (CPHYP). Recently, a 3-min all-out test (CP3MIN) has been proposed for estimation of CP as well the maximal lactate steady-state (MLSS). The aim of this study was to compare the POs derived from CPHYP, CP3MIN, and MLSS, and the oxygen uptake and blood lactate concentrations at MLSS. Thirteen healthy young subjects (age, 26 ± 3years; mass, 69.0 ± 9.2 kg; height, 174 ± 10 cm; maximal oxygen uptake, 60.4 ± 5.9 mL·kg-1·min-1) were tested. CPHYP was estimated from 5 TTE. CP3MIN was calculated as the mean PO during the last 30 s of a 3-min all-out test. MLSS was the highest PO during a 30-min ride where the variation in blood lactate concentration was ≤ 1.0 mmol·L-1 during the last 20 min. PO at MLSS (233 ± 41 W; coefficient of variation (CoV), 18%) was lower than CPHYP (253 ± 44 W; CoV, 17%) and CP3MIN (250 ± 51 W; CoV, 20%) (p < 0.05). Limits of agreement (LOA) from Bland-Altman plots between CPHYP and CP3MIN (-39 to 31 W), and CP3MIN and MLSS (-29 to 62 W) were wide, whereas CPHYP and MLSS presented the narrowest LOA (-7 to 48 W). MLSS yielded not only the maximum PO of stable blood lactate concentration, but also stable oxygen uptake. In conclusion, POs associated to CPHYP and CP3MIN were larger than those observed during MLSS rides. Although CPHYP and CP3MIN were not different, the wide LOA between these 2 tests and the discrepancy with PO at MLSS questions the ability of CP measures to determine the maximal physiological steady-state.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Daniel A Keir
- b School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 3K7 Canada
| | - Kaitlin M McLay
- b School of Kinesiology, The University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 3K7 Canada
| | - Juan M Murias
- a Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada
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Muniz-Pumares D, Pedlar C, Godfrey R, Glaister M. A comparison of methods to estimate anaerobic capacity: Accumulated oxygen deficit and W' during constant and all-out work-rate profiles. J Sports Sci 2016; 35:2357-2364. [PMID: 28019724 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2016.1267386] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
This study investigated (i) whether the accumulated oxygen deficit (AOD) and curvature constant of the power-duration relationship (W') are different during constant work-rate to exhaustion (CWR) and 3-min all-out (3MT) tests and (ii) the relationship between AOD and W' during CWR and 3MT. Twenty-one male cyclists (age: 40 ± 6 years; maximal oxygen uptake [V̇O2max]: 58 ± 7 ml · kg-1 · min-1) completed preliminary tests to determine the V̇O2-power output relationship and V̇O2max. Subsequently, AOD and W' were determined as the difference between oxygen demand and oxygen uptake and work completed above critical power, respectively, in CWR and 3MT. There were no differences between tests for duration, work, or average power output (P ≥ 0.05). AOD was greater in the CWR test (4.18 ± 0.95 vs. 3.68 ± 0.98 L; P = 0.004), whereas W' was greater in 3MT (9.55 ± 4.00 vs. 11.37 ± 3.84 kJ; P = 0.010). AOD and W' were significantly correlated in both CWR (P < 0.001, r = 0.654) and 3MT (P < 0.001, r = 0.654). In conclusion, despite positive correlations between AOD and W' in CWR and 3MT, between-test differences in the magnitude of AOD and W', suggest that both measures have different underpinning mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Muniz-Pumares
- a School of Sport, Health and Applied Science , St Mary's University , Twickenham , UK.,b Department of Psychology and Sport Science, School of Life and Medical Sciences , University of Hertfordshire , Hatfield , UK
| | - Charles Pedlar
- a School of Sport, Health and Applied Science , St Mary's University , Twickenham , UK
| | - Richard Godfrey
- c The Centre for Sports Medicine and Human Performance , Brunel University , Uxbridge , UK
| | - Mark Glaister
- a School of Sport, Health and Applied Science , St Mary's University , Twickenham , UK
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Nicolò A, Bazzucchi I, Felici F, Patrizio F, Sacchetti M. Mechanical and electromyographic responses during the 3-min all-out test in competitive cyclists. J Electromyogr Kinesiol 2015; 25:907-13. [PMID: 26363565 DOI: 10.1016/j.jelekin.2015.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2015] [Revised: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 08/24/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
While the 3-min all-out test is an ideal exercise paradigm to study muscle fatigue during dynamic whole-body exercise, so far it has been used mainly to provide insight into the bioenergetic determinants of performance. To shed some light into the development of peripheral muscle fatigue during the 3-min all-out test, we investigated the time course of muscle-fibre conduction velocity (MFCV). Twelve well-trained cyclists (23 ± 3 yrs) performed an incremental test, a 3-min all-out familiarization trial and a 3-min all-out test. Surface electromyographic signals were detected from the vastus lateralis muscle of the dominant limb. MFCV decreased with power output, though with a somewhat different time course, and the two parameters were strongly correlated (r = 0.87; P < 0.001). A modest decrease in MFCV (17.7 ± 4.8%), probably due to the endurance characteristics of the subjects, may help explain why a relatively high power output (79 ± 8% of the peak power output of the incremental test; 60 ± 14% of the difference between this peak value and the gas exchange threshold) was still maintained at the end of the test. These findings suggest that muscle fatigue substantially affects performance in the 3-min all-out test, expanding on the traditional bioenergetic explanation that performance is limited by rate and capacity of energy supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Nicolò
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, "Foro Italico" University of Rome, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, Rome 00135, Italy
| | - Ilenia Bazzucchi
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, "Foro Italico" University of Rome, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, Rome 00135, Italy
| | - Francesco Felici
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, "Foro Italico" University of Rome, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, Rome 00135, Italy
| | - Federica Patrizio
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, "Foro Italico" University of Rome, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, Rome 00135, Italy
| | - Massimo Sacchetti
- Department of Movement, Human and Health Sciences, "Foro Italico" University of Rome, Piazza Lauro De Bosis 6, Rome 00135, Italy.
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de Lucas RD, Greco CC, Dekerle J, Caritá RAC, Guglielmo LGA, Denadai BS. Test–retest reliability of a 3-min isokinetic all-out test using two different cadences. J Sci Med Sport 2014; 17:645-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2013.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2012] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 09/10/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Does a 3-min all-out test provide suitable measures of exercise intensity at the maximal lactate steady state or peak oxygen uptake for well-trained runners? Int J Sports Physiol Perform 2014; 9:805-10. [PMID: 24414148 DOI: 10.1123/ijspp.2013-0265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine whether a 3-min all-out test can be used to obtain accurate values for the maximal lactate steady state (vMLSS) and/or peak oxygen uptake (VO2peak) of well-trained runners. METHODS The 15 male volunteers (25 ± 5 y, 181 ± 6 cm, 76 ± 7 kg, VO2peak 69.3 ± 9.5 mL · kg-1 · min-1) performed a ramp test, a 3-min all-out test, and several submaximal 30-min runs at constant paces of vEND (mean velocity during the last 30 s of the 3-min all-out test) itself and vEND +0.2, +0.1, -0.1, -0.2, -0.3, or -0.4 m/s. RESULTS vMLSS and vEND were correlated (r = .69, P = .004), although vMLSS was lower (mean difference: 0.26 ± 0.32 m/s, 95% CI -.44 to -.08 m/s, P = .007, effect size = 0.65). The VO2peak values derived from the ramp and 3-min all-out tests were not correlated (r = .41, P = .12), with a mean difference of 523 ± 1002 mL (95% CI 31 to 1077 mL). CONCLUSION A 3-min all-out test does not provide a suitable measure of vMLSS or VO2peak for well-trained runners.
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