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Possamai LT, Borszcz FK, de Aguiar RA, de Lucas RD, Turnes T. Comparison of NIRS exercise intensity thresholds with maximal lactate steady state, critical power and rowing performance. Biol Sport 2024; 41:123-130. [PMID: 38524827 PMCID: PMC10955745 DOI: 10.5114/biolsport.2024.129486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the intensity of deoxygenated haemoglobin concentration ([HHb]) and tissue saturation index (TSI) breakpoints ([HHb]-BP and TSI-BP) with maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) and critical power (CP), and to describe their association with 2000-m rowing ergometer performance. Fourteen male rowers performed on a rowing ergometer: I) a discontinuous incremental test with 3-min stages (INC3); II) a continuous incremental test with 1-min stages (INC1); III) constant workload tests to determine MLSS; and IV) performance tests of 500 m, 1000 m, 2000 m and 6000 m to determine CP.CP (257 ± 39 W; 3.79 ± 4.1 L · min-1) was higher than [HHb]-BP3 (205 ± 26 W; 3.48 ± 2.9 L · min-1), [HHb]-BP1 (207 ± 27 W; 3.27 ± 3.2 L · min-1), and TSI-BP3 (218 ± 31 W; 3.51 ± 3.0 L · min-1), but not higher than TSI-BP1 (222 ± 34 W; 3.43 ± 3.2 L · min-1). MLSS (187 ± 26 W; 3.33 ± 3.2 L · min-1) was lower than TSI-BP3 and TSI-BP1 for power output, but not different in any comparison for ⩒O2. The limits of agreement for power output and ⩒O2 suggest poor agreement among these thresholds. The low level of agreement compromises the use of [HHb]-BP and TSI-BP for estimating MLSS and CP; therefore, these thresholds should not be considered interchangeable.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Klitzke Borszcz
- Physical Effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Physical Effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Dantas de Lucas
- Physical Effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Tiago Turnes
- Physical Effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Possamai LT, de Aguiar RA, Borszcz FK, do Nascimento Salvador PC, de Lucas RD, Turnes T. Muscle Oxidative Capacity in Vivo Is Associated With Physiological Parameters in Trained Rowers. Res Q Exerc Sport 2023; 94:1020-1027. [PMID: 36048498 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2022.2100862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The muscle oxygen uptake (m V ˙ O 2 ) kinetics following exercise, measured by near-infrared spectroscopy, has been used as a functional evaluation of muscle oxidative metabolism. This study aimed to determine the m V ˙ O 2 off-kinetics and verify the relationship of the recovery rate of m V ˙ O 2 (k) with time-trial performance and different aerobic parameters in trained rowers. Methods: Eleven male rowers (age: 20 ± 3 years; V ˙ O 2 m a x : 4.28 ± 0.35 L·min-1) used a rowing ergometer to perform (I) an incremental test to determine the maximal oxygen uptake (V ˙ O 2 m a x ) and peak power output (Ppeak); (II) several visits to determine maximal lactate steady state (MLSS); and (III) a 2000-m rowing ergometer performance test. Also, one test to determine m V ˙ O 2 off-kinetics of the vastus lateralis muscle using a repeated arterial occlusions protocol. Results: The m V ˙ O 2 generated a good monoexponential fit (R2 = 0.960 ± 0.030; SEE = 0.041 ± 0.018%.s-1). The k of m V ˙ O 2 (2.06 ± 0.58 min-1) was associated with relative V ˙ O 2 m a x (r = 0.79), power output at MLSS (r = 0.76), and Ppeak (r = 0.83); however, it was not related with 2000-m rowing performance (r = -0.38 to 0.52; p > .152). Conclusion: These findings suggest that although not associated with rowing performance, the m V ˙ O 2 off-kinetics determined after a submaximal isometric knee extension may be a practical and less-exhaustive approach than invasive responses and incremental tests to assess the muscle oxidative metabolism during a training program.
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Lisbôa FD, de Aguiar RA, Soares Pereira G, Caputo F. Acute Effects of a Practical Blood Flow Restriction Device During Swimming Exercise. Res Q Exerc Sport 2023:1-10. [PMID: 37851855 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2023.2263050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
Purpose: The present study aimed to analyze: 1) the reliability of the tissue saturation index (TSI) and ratings of perceived discomfort (RPD) responses wearing a neoprene practical cuff (PrC), comparing with the responses from traditional (TrC) pneumatic cuffs (study I); 2) the effects of PrC on metabolic (blood lactate concentration, BLC), perceptual (rate of perceived effort, RPE) and kinematic responses at sub-maximal swimming velocities (study II). Methods: Study I; 1) PrC test-retest at rest and during swimming ergometer exercise; 2) BFR at rest with TrC inflated to different percentages of the minimum arterial occlusion pressure (MAOP; 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140%). Test-retest reliability of TSI and RPD was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and comparisons among conditions were analyzed by one-way repeated-measures ANOVA. Study II; 1) 50, 200 and 400 m swimming performances; 2) sub-maximal incremental swimming protocol with and without PrC. Two-way repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare all variables during sub-maximal velocities. Results: TSI (ICC = 0.81; 95%CI 0.62-0.91) and RPD (ICC = 0.97; 95%CI 0.94-0.99) were reliable under restricted exercise using PrC. TSI during restricted exercise was lower (p <.001) compared to unrestricted exercise (6.8 ± 6.1% vs. 21.6 ± 8.2% of physiological normalization). PrC showed higher BLC only at or above 91% of critical velocity (p < .03), while stroke rate and RPE were higher (p < .005), and stroke length was lower (p < .03) during all swimming velocities. Conclusion: This easy-to-handle and affordable practical BFR device increased physiological stress at sub-maximal efforts which could be an additional training tool for swimmers.
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Luciano F, Pavei G, Ruggiero L, Rasica L, Zuccarelli L, Gesser Raimundo JA, Alves de Aguiar R, SenthilKumar G, Asmussen MJ, Strzalkowski NDJ, Hewitt SA, Fletcher JR, Day TA, Hostrup M, Jensen J, Elmer SJ, Wedig IJ. Commentaries on Viewpoint: A (Baker's) dozen tips for enhancing early-stage academic career development in biomedical research. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2021; 131:1516-1519. [PMID: 34752168 DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00713.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Luciano
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Gaspare Pavei
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Ruggiero
- Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Letizia Rasica
- Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - João Antônio Gesser Raimundo
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Gopika SenthilKumar
- Department of Physiology, Department of Medical Scientist Training Program, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
| | - Michael J. Asmussen
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Mount Royal University, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | | | - Sarah A. Hewitt
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Mount Royal University, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Jared R. Fletcher
- Department of Health and Physical Education, Faculty of Health, Community and Education, Mount Royal University, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Trevor A. Day
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Mount Royal University, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
| | - Morten Hostrup
- Section of Integrative Physiology, Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jørgen Jensen
- Department of Physical Performance, Norwegian School of Sport Sciences, Oslo, Norway
| | - Steven J. Elmer
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan.,Health Research Institute, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan
| | - Isaac J. Wedig
- Department of Kinesiology and Integrative Physiology, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan.,Health Research Institute, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan
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Possamai LT, Borszcz FK, de Aguiar RA, de Lucas RD, Turnes T. Agreement of maximal lactate steady state with critical power and physiological thresholds in rowing. Eur J Sport Sci 2021; 22:371-380. [PMID: 33428539 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2021.1874541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was threefold: (a) to compare the maximal lactate steady state (MLSS) with critical power (CP); (b) to describe the relationship of MLSS with rowing performances; and (c) to verify the agreement of MLSS with several exercise intensity thresholds in rowers. Fourteen male rowers (mean [SD]: age = 26 [13] years; height = 1.82 [0.05] m; body mass = 81.0 [7.6] kg) performed on a rowing ergometer: (I) discontinuous incremental test with 3 min stages and 30-s recovery intervals (INC3min); (II) continuous incremental test with 60-s stages (INC1min); (III) two to four constant workload tests to determine MLSS; and (IV) performance tests of 500, 1000, 2000 and 6000 m to determine CP. Twenty-seven exercise intensity thresholds based on blood lactate, heart rate and ventilatory responses were determined by incremental tests, and then compared with MLSS. CP (257 [38] W) was higher than MLSS (187 [25] W; p < 0.001), with a very large mean difference (37%), large typical error of estimate (14%) and moderate correlation (r = 0.48). Despite the correlations between MLSS and most intensity thresholds (r > 0.70), all presented low correspondence (TEE > 5%), with a lower bias found between MLSS and the first intensity thresholds (-12.5% to 4.1%). MLSS was correlated with mean power during 500 m (r = 0.65), 1000 m (r = 0.86) and 2000 m (r = 0.78). In conclusion, MLSS intensity is substantially lower than CP and presented low agreement with 27 incremental-derived thresholds, questioning their use to estimate MLSS during rowing ergometer exercise.Highlights MLSS was substantially lower than CP in rowing exercise with a mean difference of 37%, much larger than the difference commonly found in running and cycling exercise (i.e., ?10%).A clear disagreement was reported between MLSS and 27 physiological thresholds determined in different incremental tests.There is a positive association of MLSS with 500, 1000 and 2000 m rowing ergometer performance tests.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fernando Klitzke Borszcz
- Sports Center, Physical Effort Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Dantas de Lucas
- Sports Center, Physical Effort Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Tiago Turnes
- Sports Center, Physical Effort Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Possamai LT, Campos FDS, Salvador PCDN, de Aguiar RA, Guglielmo LGA, de Lucas RD, Caputo F, Turnes T. Similar maximal oxygen uptake assessment from a step cycling incremental test and verification tests on the same or different day. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2019; 45:357-361. [PMID: 31491339 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2019-0405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The present study aimed to compare maximal oxygen uptake of a step incremental test with time to exhaustion verification tests (TLIM) performed on the same or different day. Nineteen recreationally trained cyclists (age: 23 ± 2.7 years; maximal oxygen uptake: 48.0 ± 5.8 mL·kg-1·min-1) performed 3 maximal tests as follows: (i) same day: an incremental test with 3-min stages followed by a TLIM at 100% of peak power output of the incremental test (TLIM-SAME) interspaced by 15 min; and (ii) different day: a TLIM at 100% of peak power output of the incremental test (TLIM-DIFF). The maximal oxygen uptake was determined for the 3 tests. The maximal oxygen uptake was not different among the tests (incremental: 3.83 ± 0.41; TLIM-SAME: 3.72 ± 0.42; TLIM-DIFF: 3.75 ± 0.41 L·min-1; P = 0.951). Seven subjects presented a variability greater than ±3% in both verification tests compared with the incremental test. The same-day verification test decreased the exercise tolerance (240 ± 38 vs. 310 ± 36 s) compared with TLIM-DIFF (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the incremental protocol is capable of measuring maximal oxygen uptake because similar values were observed in comparison with verification tests. Although the need for the verification phase is questionable, the additional tests are useful to evaluate individual variability. Novelty Step incremental test is capable of measuring maximal oxygen uptake with similar values during TLIM on the same or different day. Although the necessity of the verification phase is questionable, it can allow the determination of variability in maximal oxygen uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonardo Trevisol Possamai
- Sports Center, Physical Effort Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fernando de Souza Campos
- Sports Center, Physical Effort Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Ricardo Dantas de Lucas
- Sports Center, Physical Effort Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Fabrizio Caputo
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, SC, Brazil
| | - Tiago Turnes
- Sports Center, Physical Effort Laboratory, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.,Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, SC, Brazil
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Aguiar RAD, Salvador AF, Penteado R, Faraco HC, Pettitt RW, Caputo F. Reliability and validity of the 3-min all-out running test. Revista Brasileira de Ciências do Esporte 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.rbce.2018.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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Cruz RSDO, Aguiar RAD, Turnes T, Lisbôa FD, Raimundo JAG, Caputo F. Reliability of a laboratory-based long sprint cycling test: applications of the smallest worthwhile changes in performance for repeated measures designs. Rev Bras Cineantropom Desempenho Hum 2018. [DOI: 10.5007/1980-0037.2018v20n2p201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The aims of the present study were to assess the reliability of long sprint cycling performance in a group of recreationally trained cyclists and to provide thresholds for changes in performance for this particular group of subjects in repeated measures designs through a scale of magnitudes. Repeatability of mean power output during a 1-min cycling time trial was assessed in a group of 15 recreationally trained cyclists (26 ± 5, years, 176 ± 5 cm, 78 ± 8 kg). They were tested on separate days, approximately one week apart. The test and retest values for the whole group of cyclists were 7.0 ± 0.5 W/kg and 6.9 ± 0.6 W/kg (systematic change and 90% confidence limits of -1.0% ± 1.1%). Our results indicated good test-retest reproducibility (typical error of 1.8%, 90% confidence limits of 1.4% to 2.6%; intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.96, confidence limits of 0.91 to 0.99), but suggested a reduction of mean power for the “slower” subjects on retest (-2.0%, 90% confidence limits of ±1.8%). If not monitored, this systematic decrease could interfere in results of studies utilizing groups with similar performance levels, particularly investigating strategies to improve performance in sprint cycling exercises around 1 min. The thresholds for moderate, large, very large and extremely large effects for mean power output on long sprint cycling performance are about 0.4%, 1.3%, 2.3%, 3.6%, and 5.8%, respectively.
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Cruz RSDO, Turnes T, de Aguiar RA, Caputo F. Could the pulmonary V˙O 2 off-transient response to maximal short-term exercise be better characterized by a triexponential decay? Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2016; 235:83-87. [PMID: 27743811 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2016.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The off-transient pulmonary oxygen uptake (V˙O2) response to a single bout of intense, exhaustive exercise has been characterized over the years by a second-order exponential model. In this paper, we report the superiority of a third-order exponential decay in describing the V˙O2 off-kinetics after a maximal cycling exercise lasting 60-s. Our findings are in accordance with a biphasic pattern of phosphocreatine resynthesis when muscle pH is affected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogério Santos de Oliveira Cruz
- Human Performance Research Group, College of Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Tiago Turnes
- Human Performance Research Group, College of Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Human Performance Research Group, College of Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Fabrizio Caputo
- Human Performance Research Group, College of Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
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Turnes T, de Aguiar RA, de Oliveira Cruz RS, Lisbôa FD, Pereira KL, Caputo F. Short-term interval training at both lower and higher intensities in the severe exercise domain result in improvements in V̇O₂ on-kinetics. Eur J Appl Physiol 2016; 116:1975-84. [PMID: 27491618 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-016-3449-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Accepted: 07/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Although high-intensity interval training (HIT) seems to promote greater improvements in aerobic parameters than continuous training, the influence of exercise intensity on [Formula: see text] on-kinetics remains under investigation. METHODS After an incremental test, twenty-one recreationally trained cyclists performed several time-to-exhaustion tests to determine critical power (CP), and the highest intensity (I HIGH), and the lowest exercise duration (T LOW) at which [Formula: see text] is attained during constant exercise. Subjects also completed a series of step transitions to moderate- and heavy-intensity work rates to determine pulmonary [Formula: see text] on-kinetics. Surface electromyography (EMG) of vastus lateralis muscle and blood lactate accumulation (∆BLC) was measured during heavy exercise. Subjects were assigned to one of two 4-week work-matched training groups: the lower [105 % CP: n = 11; 4 × 5 min at 105 % CP (218 ± 39 W), 1 min recovery] or the upper [I HIGH: n = 10; 8 × 100 % I HIGH (355 ± 60 W), 1:2 work:recovery ratio] intensity of the severe exercise domain. RESULTS The two interventions were similarly effective in reducing the phase II [Formula: see text] time constant during moderate (105 % CP: 34 ± 13 to 25 ± 8 s; I HIGH: 31 ± 9 to 23 ± 6 s) and heavy exercise (105 % CP: 25 ± 7 to 18 ± 5 s; I HIGH: 27 ± 7 to 16 ± 5 s) and in reducing the amplitude of [Formula: see text] slow component, EMG amplitude, and ∆BLC during heavy exercise. CONCLUSION In conclusion, the short-term adjustments in response to step transitions to moderate and heavy exercise were independent of training intensity within the severe exercise domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Turnes
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science (CEFID), Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Pascoal Simone, 358, Coqueiros, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88080-350, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science (CEFID), Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Pascoal Simone, 358, Coqueiros, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88080-350, Brazil
| | - Rogério Santos de Oliveira Cruz
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science (CEFID), Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Pascoal Simone, 358, Coqueiros, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88080-350, Brazil
| | - Felipe Domingos Lisbôa
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science (CEFID), Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Pascoal Simone, 358, Coqueiros, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88080-350, Brazil
| | - Kayo Leonardo Pereira
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science (CEFID), Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Pascoal Simone, 358, Coqueiros, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88080-350, Brazil
| | - Fabrizio Caputo
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science (CEFID), Santa Catarina State University (UDESC), Pascoal Simone, 358, Coqueiros, Florianópolis, SC, CEP 88080-350, Brazil
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do Nascimento Salvador PC, de Aguiar RA, Teixeira AS, Souza KMD, de Lucas RD, Denadai BS, Guglielmo LGA. Are the oxygen uptake and heart rate off-kinetics influenced by the intensity of prior exercise? Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2016; 230:60-7. [PMID: 27181327 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 05/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of prior exercise on the heart rate (HR) and oxygen uptake (VO2) off-kinetics after a subsequent high-intensity running exercise. Thirteen male futsal players (age 22.8±6.1years) performed a series of high-intensity bouts without prior exercise (control), preceded by a prior same intensity continuous exercise (CE+CE) and a prior sprint exercise (SE+CE). The magnitude of excess post-exercise oxygen consumption (EPOCm-4.25±0.19 vs. 3.69±0.20Lmin(-1) in CE+CE and 3.62±0.18Lmin(-1) in control; p<0.05) and the parasympathetic reactivation (HRR60s-33±3 vs. 37±3bpm in CE+CE and 42±3 bpm in control; p<0.05) in the SE+CE were higher and slower, compared with another two conditions. The EPOCτ (time to attain 63% of total response; 53±2s) and the heart rate time-course (HRτ-86±5s) were significantly longer after the SE+CE condition than control transition (48±2s and 69±5s, respectively; p<0.05). The SE+CE induce greater stress on the metabolic function, respiratory system and autonomic nervous system regulation during post-exercise recovery than CE, highlighting that the inclusion of sprint-based exercises can be an effective strategy to increase the total energy expenditure following an exercise session.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Cesar do Nascimento Salvador
- Physical effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rua Antonio Edu Vieira, Pantanal, CDS/UFSC, Florianopolis 88040-970, SC, Brazil, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Human Performance Research Group, Center of Health and Sport Sciences, Santa Catarina State University, Rua Pascoal Simone, 358, Coqueiros, Florianopolis CEP: 88080-350, SC, Brazil, Brazil.
| | - Anderson Santiago Teixeira
- Physical effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rua Antonio Edu Vieira, Pantanal, CDS/UFSC, Florianopolis 88040-970, SC, Brazil, Brazil.
| | - Kristopher Mendes de Souza
- Physical effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rua Antonio Edu Vieira, Pantanal, CDS/UFSC, Florianopolis 88040-970, SC, Brazil, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Dantas de Lucas
- Physical effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rua Antonio Edu Vieira, Pantanal, CDS/UFSC, Florianopolis 88040-970, SC, Brazil, Brazil.
| | - Benedito Sérgio Denadai
- Human Performance Laboratory, UNESP, Avenida 24 A, 1515, Bela Vista, Rio Claro CEP: 13506-900, SP, Brazil, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Guilherme Antonacci Guglielmo
- Physical effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Rua Antonio Edu Vieira, Pantanal, CDS/UFSC, Florianopolis 88040-970, SC, Brazil, Brazil.
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Cruz RSDO, de Aguiar RA, Turnes T, Salvador AF, Caputo F. Effects of ischemic preconditioning on short-duration cycling performance. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2016; 41:825-31. [PMID: 27404398 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0646] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that ischemic preconditioning (IPC) improves endurance performance. However, the potential benefits during anaerobic events and the mechanism(s) underlying these benefits remain unclear. Fifteen recreational cyclists were assessed to evaluate the effects of IPC of the upper thighs on anaerobic performance, skeletal muscle activation, and metabolic responses during a 60-s sprint performance. After an incremental test and a familiarization visit, subjects were randomly submitted in visits 3 and 4 to a performance protocol preceded by intermittent bilateral cuff inflation (4 × (5 min of blood flow restriction + 5 min reperfusion)) at either 220 mm Hg (IPC) or 20 mm Hg (control). To increase data reliability, each intervention was replicated, which was also in a random manner. In addition to the mean power output, the pulmonary oxygen uptake, blood lactate kinetics, and quadriceps electromyograms (EMGs) were analyzed during performance and throughout 45 min of passive recovery. After IPC, performance was improved by 2.1% compared with control (95% confidence intervals of 0.8% to 3.3%, P = 0.001), followed by increases in (i) the accumulated oxygen deficit, (ii) the amplitude of blood lactate kinetics, (iii) the total amount of oxygen consumed during recovery, and (iv) the overall EMG amplitude (P < 0.05). In addition, the ratio between EMG and power output was higher during the final third of performance after IPC (P < 0.05). These results suggest an increased skeletal muscle activation and a higher anaerobic contribution as the ultimate responses of IPC on short-term exercise performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogério Santos de Oliveira Cruz
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil.,Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil
| | - Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil.,Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil
| | - Tiago Turnes
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil.,Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil
| | - Amadeo Félix Salvador
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil.,Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil
| | - Fabrizio Caputo
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil.,Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University (CEFID/UDESC), Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, CEP, 88080-350, Brazil
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Cruz RSDO, de Aguiar RA, Turnes T, Pereira KL, Caputo F. Effects of ischemic preconditioning on maximal constant-load cycling performance. J Appl Physiol (1985) 2015; 119:961-7. [DOI: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00498.2015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of ischemic preconditioning (IPC) on the ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), surface electromyography, and pulmonary oxygen uptake (V̇o2) onset kinetics during cycling until exhaustion at the peak power output attained during an incremental test. A group of 12 recreationally trained cyclists volunteered for this study. After determination of peak power output during an incremental test, they were randomly subjected on different days to a performance protocol preceded by intermittent bilateral cuff pressure inflation to 220 mmHg (IPC) or 20 mmHg (control). To increase data reliability, the performance visits were replicated, also in a random manner. There was an 8.0% improvement in performance after IPC (control: 303 s, IPC 327 s, factor SDs of ×/÷1.13, P = 0.01). This change was followed by a 2.9% increase in peak V̇o2 (control: 3.95 l/min, IPC: 4.06 l/min, factor SDs of ×/÷1.15, P = 0.04), owing to a higher amplitude of the slow component of the V̇o2 kinetics (control: 0.45 l/min, IPC: 0.63 l/min, factor SDs of ×/÷2.21, P = 0.05). There was also an attenuation in the rate of increase in RPE ( P = 0.01) and a progressive increase in the myoelectrical activity of the vastus lateralis muscle ( P = 0.04). Furthermore, the changes in peak V̇o2 ( r = 0.73, P = 0.007) and the amplitude of the slow component ( r = 0.79, P = 0.002) largely correlated with performance improvement. These findings provide a link between improved aerobic metabolism and enhanced severe-intensity cycling performance after IPC. Furthermore, the delayed exhaustion after IPC under lower RPE and higher skeletal muscle activation suggest they have a role on the ergogenic effects of IPC on endurance performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogério Santos de Oliveira Cruz
- Human Performance Research Group, College of Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Human Performance Research Group, College of Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Tiago Turnes
- Human Performance Research Group, College of Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Kayo Leonardo Pereira
- Human Performance Research Group, College of Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Fabrizio Caputo
- Human Performance Research Group, College of Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Turnes T, de Aguiar RA, Cruz RSDO, Caputo F. Interval training in the boundaries of severe domain: effects on aerobic parameters. Eur J Appl Physiol 2015; 116:161-9. [DOI: 10.1007/s00421-015-3263-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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de Aguiar RA, Lisbôa FD, Turnes T, Cruz RSDO, Caputo F. The Effects of Different Training Backgrounds on VO2 Responses to All-Out and Supramaximal Constant-Velocity Running Bouts. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0133785. [PMID: 26252001 PMCID: PMC4529077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0133785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Accepted: 07/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the impact of different training backgrounds on pulmonary oxygen uptake (V̇O2) responses during all-out and supramaximal constant-velocity running exercises, nine sprinters (SPRs) and eight endurance runners (ENDs) performed an incremental test for maximal aerobic velocity (MAV) assessment and two supramaximal running exercises (1-min all-out test and constant-velocity exercise). The V̇O2 responses were continuously determined during the tests (K4b2, Cosmed, Italy). A mono-exponential function was used to describe the V̇O2 onset kinetics during constant-velocity test at 110%MAV, while during 1-min all-out test the peak of V̇O2 (V̇O2peak), the time to achieve the V̇O2peak (tV̇O2peak) and the V̇O2 decrease at last of the test was determined to characterize the V̇O2 response. During constant-velocity exercise, ENDs had a faster V̇O2 kinetics than SPRs (12.7 ± 3.0 vs. 19.3 ± 5.6 s; p < 0.001). During the 1-min all-out test, ENDs presented slower tV̇O2peak than SPRs (40.6 ± 6.8 and 28.8 ± 6.4 s, respectively; p = 0.002) and had a similar V̇O2peak relative to the V̇O2max (88 ± 8 and 83 ± 6%, respectively; p = 0.157). Finally, SPRs was the only group that presented a V̇O2 decrease in the last half of the test (-1.8 ± 2.3 and 3.5 ± 2.3 ml.kg-1.min-1, respectively; p < 0.001). In summary, SPRs have a faster V̇O2 response when maximum intensity is required and a high maximum intensity during all-out running exercise seems to lead to a higher decrease in V̇O2 in the last part of the exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil
| | - Felipe Domingos Lisbôa
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil
| | - Tiago Turnes
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil
| | - Rogério Santos de Oliveira Cruz
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil
| | - Fabrizio Caputo
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina State, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Cruz RSDO, de Aguiar RA, Turnes T, Guglielmo LGA, Beneke R, Caputo F. Caffeine Affects Time to Exhaustion and Substrate Oxidation during Cycling at Maximal Lactate Steady State. Nutrients 2015; 7:5254-64. [PMID: 26133971 PMCID: PMC4516996 DOI: 10.3390/nu7075219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2015] [Revised: 06/08/2015] [Accepted: 06/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
This study analyzed the effects of caffeine intake on whole-body substrate metabolism and exercise tolerance during cycling by using a more individualized intensity for merging the subjects into homogeneous metabolic responses (the workload associated with the maximal lactate steady state—MLSS). MLSS was firstly determined in eight active males (25 ± 4 years, 176 ± 7 cm, 77 ± 11 kg) using from two to four constant-load tests of 30 min. On two following occasions, participants performed a test until exhaustion at the MLSS workload 1 h after taking either 6 mg/kg of body mass of caffeine or placebo (dextrose), in a randomized, double-blinded manner. Respiratory exchange ratio was calculated from gas exchange measurements. There was an improvement of 22.7% in time to exhaustion at MLSS workload following caffeine ingestion (95% confidence limits of ±10.3%, p = 0.002), which was accompanied by decrease in respiratory exchange ratio (p = 0.001). These results reinforce findings indicating that sparing of the endogenous carbohydrate stores could be one of the several physiological effects of caffeine during submaximal performance around 1 h.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogério Santos de Oliveira Cruz
- Santa Catarina State University, Human Performance Research Group, Rua Pascoal Simone, 358, Coqueiros, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88080-350, Brazil.
| | - Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Santa Catarina State University, Human Performance Research Group, Rua Pascoal Simone, 358, Coqueiros, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88080-350, Brazil.
| | - Tiago Turnes
- Santa Catarina State University, Human Performance Research Group, Rua Pascoal Simone, 358, Coqueiros, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88080-350, Brazil.
| | | | - Ralph Beneke
- Abt. Medizin, Training und Gesundheit, Inst. Sportwissenschaft und Motologie, Philipps Universität Marburg, Marburg 35037, Germany.
| | - Fabrizio Caputo
- Santa Catarina State University, Human Performance Research Group, Rua Pascoal Simone, 358, Coqueiros, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina 88080-350, Brazil.
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Turnes T, Aguiar RAD, Cruz RSDO, Lisbôa FD, Salvador AF, Raimundo JAG, Pereira KL, Caputo F. A maior velocidade e o menor tempo de exercício em que o VO2max é alcançado na corrida. Rev Bras Cineantropom Desempenho Hum 2015. [DOI: 10.5007/1980-0037.2015v17n2p226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
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de Aguiar RA, Turnes T, Santos de Oliveira Cruz R, Salvador AF, Caputo F. Repeated sprint performance and metabolic recovery curves: effects of aerobic and anaerobic characteristics. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2014; 40:433-40. [PMID: 25853893 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To examine the influence of aerobic and anaerobic indices on repeated sprint (RS) performance and ability (RSA), 8 sprinters (SPR), 8 endurance runners (END), and 8 active participants (ACT) performed the following tests: (i) incremental test; (ii) 1-min test to determine first decay time constant of pulmonary oxygen uptake off-kinetics and parameters related to anaerobic energy supply, lactate exchange, and removal abilities from blood lactate kinetics; and (iii) RS test (ten 35-m sprints, departing every 20 s) to determine best (RSbest) and mean (RSmean) sprint times and percentage of sprint decrement (%Dec). While SPR had a 98%-100% likelihood of having the fastest RSbest (Cohen's d of 1.8 and 1.4 for ACT and END, respectively) and RSmean (2.1 and 0.9 for ACT and END, respectively), END presented a 97%-100% likelihood of having the lowest %Dec (0.9 and 2.2 for ACT and SPR, respectively). RSmean was very largely correlated with RSbest (r=0.85) and moderately correlated with estimates of anaerobic energy supply (r=-0.40 to -0.49). RSmean adjusted for RSbest (which indirectly reflects RSA) was largely correlated with lactate exchange ability (r=0.55). Our results confirm the importance of locomotor- and anaerobic-related variables to RS performance, and highlight the importance of disposal of selected metabolic by-products to RSA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Human Performance Research Group, Santa Catarina State University, Rua Pascoal Simone, 358, Coqueiros. Florianópolis, SC, Brasil. CEP: 88080-350
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de Aguiar RA, Cruz RSDO, Turnes T, Pereira KL, Caputo F. Relationships between V̇O2 and blood lactate responses after all-out running exercise. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2014; 40:263-8. [PMID: 25693899 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2014-0364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To verify the effects of training status and blood lactate concentration (BLC) responses on the early excess postexercise oxygen consumption (EPOC), 8 sprinters, 7 endurance runners, and 7 untrained subjects performed an incremental test to determine maximal oxygen uptake and a 1-min all-out test to determine BLC and oxygen uptake recovery curves. BLC kinetics was evaluated to assess the quantity of lactate accumulated during exercise (QlaA), lactate removal ability (k2), and quantity of lactate removed from 0 to 10 min postexercise (QlaR). Oxygen uptake off-kinetics was evaluated to assess the decay time constants (τ1 and τ2); moreover, EPOC was measured during the first 10 min after exercise. While sprinters had 98%-100% and 94%-100% likelihood of having the highest EPOC and decay time constants, endurance runners had 98%-100% and 95%-100% likelihood of having the lowest EPOC and decay time constants. EPOC was correlated with QlaA (r = 0.74) and QlaR (r = 0.61). τ1 and τ2 were correlated with maximal oxygen uptake (r > -0.57), k2 (r > -0.48), and QlaR relative to QlaA (r > -0.60). Our findings indicate that oxygen uptake recovery is associated with fast lactate removal and aerobic training. Furthermore, the metabolites derived from anaerobic energy production seem to induce a greater EPOC after all-out exercise.
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Turnes T, Salvador AF, Lisbôa FD, de Aguiar RA, Cruz RSDO, Caputo F. A fast-start pacing strategy speeds pulmonary oxygen uptake kinetics and improves supramaximal running performance. PLoS One 2014; 9:e111621. [PMID: 25360744 PMCID: PMC4216092 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0111621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/06/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The focus of the present study was to investigate the effects of a fast-start pacing strategy on running performance and pulmonary oxygen uptake () kinetics at the upper boundary of the severe-intensity domain. Eleven active male participants (28±10 years, 70±5 kg, 176±6 cm, 57±4 mL/kg/min) visited the laboratory for a series of tests that were performed until exhaustion: 1) an incremental test; 2) three laboratory test sessions performed at 95, 100 and 110% of the maximal aerobic speed; 3) two to four constant speed tests for the determination of the highest constant speed (HS) that still allowed achieving maximal oxygen uptake; and 4) an exercise based on the HS using a higher initial speed followed by a subsequent decrease. To predict equalized performance values for the constant pace, the relationship between time and distance/speed through log-log modelling was used. When a fast-start was utilized, subjects were able to cover a greater distance in a performance of similar duration in comparison with a constant-pace performance (constant pace: 670 m±22%; fast-start: 683 m±22%; P = 0.029); subjects also demonstrated a higher exercise tolerance at a similar average speed when compared with constant-pace performance (constant pace: 114 s±30%; fast-start: 125 s±26%; P = 0.037). Moreover, the mean response time was reduced after a fast start (constant pace: 22.2 s±28%; fast-start: 19.3 s±29%; P = 0.025). In conclusion, middle-distance running performances with a duration of 2–3 min are improved and response time is faster when a fast-start is adopted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiago Turnes
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Amadeo Félix Salvador
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Felipe Domingos Lisbôa
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Rogério Santos de Oliveira Cruz
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
| | - Fabrizio Caputo
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Sport Science, Santa Catarina State University, Florianópolis, Brazil
- * E-mail:
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do Nascimento PC, de Lucas RD, de Souza KM, de Aguiar RA, Denadai BS, Guglielmo LGA. The effect of prior exercise intensity on oxygen uptake kinetics during high-intensity running exercise in trained subjects. Eur J Appl Physiol 2014; 115:147-56. [PMID: 25240480 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-014-3000-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2014] [Accepted: 09/15/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to compare the effects of two different kinds of prior exercise protocols [continuous exercise (CE) versus intermittent repeated sprint (IRS)] on oxygen uptake (VO2) kinetics parameters during high-intensity running. METHODS Thirteen male amateur futsal players (age 22.8 ± 6.1 years; mass 76.0 ± 10.2 kg; height 178.7 ± 6.6 cm; VO2max 58.1 ± 4.5 mL kg(-1) min(-1)) performed a maximal incremental running test for the determination of the gas exchange threshold (GET) and maximal VO2 (VO2max). On two different days, the subjects completed a 6-min bout of high-intensity running (50 % ∆) on a treadmill that was 6-min after (1) an identical bout of high-intensity exercise (from control to CE), and (2) a protocol of IRS (6 × 40 m). RESULT We found significant differences between CE and IRS for the blood lactate concentration ([La]; 6.1 versus 10.7 mmol L(-1), respectively), VO2 baseline (0.74 versus 0.93 L min(-1), respectively) and the heart rate (HR; 102 versus 124 bpm, respectively) before the onset of high-intensity exercise. However, both prior CE and prior IRS significantly increased the absolute primary VO2 amplitude (3.77 and 3.79 L min(-1), respectively, versus control 3.54 L min(-1)), reduced the amplitude of the VO2 slow component (0.26 and 0.21 L min(-1), respectively, versus control 0.50 L min(-1)), and decreased the mean response time (MRT; 28.9 and 28.0 s, respectively, versus control 36.9 s) during subsequent bouts. CONCLUSION This study showed that different protocols and intensities of prior exercise trigger similar effects on VO2 kinetics during high-intensity running.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paulo Cesar do Nascimento
- Physical Effort Laboratory, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil,
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Aguiar RAD, Schlickmann J, Turnes T, Caputo F. Efeito da intensidade do exercício de corrida intermitente 30s:15s no tempo de manutenção no ou próximo do VO2max. Motriz: rev educ fis 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-65742013000100021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
O presente estudo comparou o tempo mantido acima de 90% (t90VO2max) e de 95% VO2max (t95VO2max) em três diferentes intensidades de exercício. Após a realização de um teste incremental para determinar o VO2max, oito estudantes de educação física ativos (23 ± 3 anos) executaram três sessões de exercícios intermitentes (100, 110 e 120% da velocidade do VO2max (vVO2max)) com razão esforço:recuperação de 30s:15s. O t95VO2max foi significantemente maior em 110%vVO2max (EI110%) (218,1 ± 81,6 s) quando comparado a 100%vVO2max (EI100%) (91,9 ± 75,2s) e a 120%vVO2max (EI120%) (126,3 ± 29,4 s), porém sem diferença entre EI100% e EI120%. O t90VO2max somente apresentou diferença significante entre EI110% e EI120%. Portanto, conclui-se que durante exercício intermitente com razão 30s:15s, a intensidade de 110%vVO2max apresenta-se mais adequada para manter o VO2 próximo ou no VO2max por um tempo maior.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Tiago Turnes
- Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina (UDESC), Brasil
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de Aguiar RA, Turnes T, de Oliveira Cruz RS, Caputo F. Fast-start strategy increases the time spent above 95 %VO2max during severe-intensity intermittent running exercise. Eur J Appl Physiol 2012; 113:941-9. [PMID: 23053127 DOI: 10.1007/s00421-012-2508-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2012] [Accepted: 09/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to use the intermittent critical velocity (ICV) model to individualize intermittent exercise and analyze whether a fast-start strategy could increase the time spent at or above 95 %VO(2max) (t95VO(2max)) during intermittent exercise. After an incremental test, seven active male subjects performed three intermittent exercise tests until exhaustion at 100, 110, and 120 % of the maximal aerobic velocity to determine ICV. On three occasions, the subjects performed an intermittent exercise test until exhaustion at 105 % (IE105) and 125 % (IE125) of ICV, and at a speed that was initially set at 125 %ICV but which then decreased to 105 %ICV (IE125-105). The intermittent exercise consisted of repeated 30-s runs alternated with 15-s passive rest intervals. There was no difference between the predicted and actual Tlim for IE125 (300 ± 72 s and 284 ± 76 s) and IE105 (1,438 ± 423 s and 1,439 ± 518 s), but for IE125-105 the predicted Tlim underestimated the actual Tlim (888 ± 211 s and 1,051 ± 153 s, respectively). The t95VO(2max) during IE125-105 (289 ± 150 s) was significantly higher than IE125 (113 ± 40 s) and IE105 (106 ± 71 s), but no significant differences were found between IE125 and IE105. It can be concluded that predicting Tlim from the ICV model was affected by the fast-start protocol during intermittent exercise. Furthermore, fast-start protocol was able to increase the time spent at or above 95 %VO2max during intermittent exercise above ICV despite a longer total exercise time at IE105.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Alves de Aguiar
- Human Performance Research Group, Center for Health and Exercise Science, CEFID, UDESC, Rua Pascoal Simone, 358 Coqueiros, Florianopolis, SC CEP 88080-350, Brazil
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Aguiar RAD, Turnes T, Cardoso TE, Vasconcellos DIC, Caputo F. Efeito da ingestão de cafeína em diferentes tarefas de tempo de reação. Rev Bras Ciênc Esporte 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s0101-32892012000200015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Cruz RSDO, de Aguiar RA, Turnes T, Penteado Dos Santos R, de Oliveira MFM, Caputo F. Intracellular shuttle: the lactate aerobic metabolism. ScientificWorldJournal 2012; 2012:420984. [PMID: 22593684 PMCID: PMC3345575 DOI: 10.1100/2012/420984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Accepted: 11/12/2011] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Lactate is a highly dynamic metabolite that can be used as a fuel by several cells of the human body, particularly during physical exercise. Traditionally, it has been believed that the first step of lactate oxidation occurs in cytosol; however, this idea was recently challenged. A new hypothesis has been presented based on the fact that lactate-to-pyruvate conversion cannot occur in cytosol, because the LDH enzyme characteristics and cytosolic environment do not allow the reaction in this way. Instead, the Intracellular Lactate Shuttle hypothesis states that lactate first enters in mitochondria and only then is metabolized. In several tissues of the human body this idea is well accepted but is quite resistant in skeletal muscle. In this paper, we will present not only the studies which are protagonists in this discussion, but the potential mechanism by which this oxidation occurs and also a link between lactate and mitochondrial proliferation. This new perspective brings some implications and comes to change our understanding of the interaction between the energy systems, because the product of one serves as a substrate for the other.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rogério Santos de Oliveira Cruz
- Human Performance Research Group, Center of Health and Sport Sciences, Santa Catarina State University, 88080-350 Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Silveira BHD, Aguiar RAD, Alves TL, Caputo F, Carminatti LJ. Comparação do ponto de deflexão da frequência cardíaca com a máxima fase estável de lactato em corredores de fundo. Motriz: rev educ fis 2012. [DOI: 10.1590/s1980-65742012000100001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
O objetivo do estudo foi comparar o ponto de deflexão da freqüência cardíaca (PDFC) visual e método DMAX com a máxima fase estável de lactato (MFEL). Treze corredores executaram teste incremental Vameval e testes de cargas retangulares (TCR). A velocidade do PDFC visual (14,3 ± 1,13km.h-1) foi significantemente maior que o DMAX (13,2 ± 1,35km.h-1) além de apresentarem correlação não significante. Entretanto, nenhuma dessas velocidades foram diferentes da MFEL (13,8 ± 0,90km.h-1) embora somente o PDFC visual tenha apresentado correlação significante com a MFEL (r = 0,75). A concentração de lactato sanguíneo não apresentou estabilidade em oito sujeitos no TCR na intensidade do PDFC visual o qual nos leva a concluir que este não é um índice confiável para estimativa da MFEL. No entanto, este índice pode ser usado como um indicador de capacidade aeróbia.
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