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Amereller F, Lottspeich C, Buchholz G, Dichtl K. A horse and a zebra: an atypical clinical picture including Guillain-Barré syndrome, recurrent fever and mesenteric lymphadenopathy caused by two concomitant infections. Infection 2020; 48:471-475. [PMID: 32128685 PMCID: PMC7256024 DOI: 10.1007/s15010-020-01397-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Background While Campylobacter jejuni represents the most common cause of bacterial gastroenteritis, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis infections are very rarely diagnosed in adults. Case We report on a previously healthy patient who presented several times at our hospital with fever, Guillain-Barré syndrome, recurrent abdominal symptoms and distinct mesenteric lymphadenopathy, respectively. This complicated and diagnostically challenging course of disease was caused by a C. jejuni and Y. pseudotuberculosis coinfection. Antibiotic treatment with doxycycline was effective. Conclusion Broad serology testing was crucial to discover that two concomitant infections were causing the symptoms. This case demonstrates that when a clinical picture is not fully explained by one known infection, another infection with the same underlying risk factor has to be considered, hence “a horse and a zebra”. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1007/s15010-020-01397-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felix Amereller
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Christian Lottspeich
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik IV, Klinikum der Universität München, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Grete Buchholz
- Department of Neurology, University Hospital, Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich, Munich, Germany
| | - Karl Dichtl
- Max von Pettenkofer-Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Medizinische Fakultät, LMU München, Munich, Germany
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Igwaran A, Okoh AI. Human campylobacteriosis: A public health concern of global importance. Heliyon 2019; 5:e02814. [PMID: 31763476 PMCID: PMC6861584 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e02814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2019] [Revised: 06/07/2019] [Accepted: 11/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter species are among the leading cause of bacterial foodborne and waterborne infections. In addition, Campylobacter is one of the major causative agent of bacterial gastrointestinal infections and the rise in the incidence of Campylobacter infections have been reported worldwide. Also, the emergence of some Campylobacter species as one of the main causative agent of diarrhea and the propensity of these bacteria species to resist the actions of antimicrobial agents; position them as a serious threat to the public health. This paper reviews Campylobacter pathogenicity, infections, isolation and diagnosis, their reservoirs, transmission pathways, epidemiology of Campylobacter outbreaks, prevention and treatment option, antibiotics resistance and control of antibiotics use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboi Igwaran
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa
| | - Anthony Ifeanyi Okoh
- SAMRC Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, 5700, South Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group (AEMREG), Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Private Bag X1314, Alice, 5700, Eastern Cape, South Africa
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Ravel A, Hurst M, Petrica N, David J, Mutschall SK, Pintar K, Taboada EN, Pollari F. Source attribution of human campylobacteriosis at the point of exposure by combining comparative exposure assessment and subtype comparison based on comparative genomic fingerprinting. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0183790. [PMID: 28837643 PMCID: PMC5570367 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0183790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Human campylobacteriosis is a common zoonosis with a significant burden in many countries. Its prevention is difficult because humans can be exposed to Campylobacter through various exposures: foodborne, waterborne or by contact with animals. This study aimed at attributing campylobacteriosis to sources at the point of exposure. It combined comparative exposure assessment and microbial subtype comparison with subtypes defined by comparative genomic fingerprinting (CGF). It used isolates from clinical cases and from eight potential exposure sources (chicken, cattle and pig manure, retail chicken, beef, pork and turkey meat, and surface water) collected within a single sentinel site of an integrated surveillance system for enteric pathogens in Canada. Overall, 1518 non-human isolates and 250 isolates from domestically-acquired human cases were subtyped and their subtype profiles analyzed for source attribution using two attribution models modified to include exposure. Exposure values were obtained from a concurrent comparative exposure assessment study undertaken in the same area. Based on CGF profiles, attribution was possible for 198 (79%) human cases. Both models provide comparable figures: chicken meat was the most important source (65-69% of attributable cases) whereas exposure to cattle (manure) ranked second (14-19% of attributable cases), the other sources being minor (including beef meat). In comparison with other attributions conducted at the point of production, the study highlights the fact that Campylobacter transmission from cattle to humans is rarely meat borne, calling for a closer look at local transmission from cattle to prevent campylobacteriosis, in addition to increasing safety along the chicken supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- André Ravel
- Groupe de recherche en épidémiologie des zoonoses et santé publique, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
- Département de pathologie et microbiologie, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Matt Hurst
- Centre for Food-borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Nicoleta Petrica
- Groupe de recherche en épidémiologie des zoonoses et santé publique, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Julie David
- Groupe de recherche en épidémiologie des zoonoses et santé publique, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec, Canada
| | - Steven K. Mutschall
- National Microbiology Laboratory at Lethbridge, Public Health Agency of Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Katarina Pintar
- Centre for Food-borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
| | - Eduardo N. Taboada
- National Microbiology Laboratory at Lethbridge, Public Health Agency of Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada
| | - Frank Pollari
- Centre for Food-borne, Environmental and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Public Health Agency of Canada, Guelph, Ontario, Canada
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A combined case-control and molecular source attribution study of human Campylobacter infections in Germany, 2011-2014. Sci Rep 2017; 7:5139. [PMID: 28698561 PMCID: PMC5505968 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-05227-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter infection is the most commonly notified bacterial enteritis in Germany. We performed a large combined case-control and source attribution study (Nov 2011-Feb 2014) to identify risk factors for sporadic intestinal Campylobacter infections and to determine the relative importance of various animal sources for human infections in Germany. We conducted multivariable logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors. Source attribution analysis was performed using the asymmetric island model based on MLST data of human and animal/food isolates. As animal sources we considered chicken, pig, pet dog or cat, cattle, and poultry other than chicken. Consumption of chicken meat and eating out were the most important risk factors for Campylobacter infections. Additional risk factors were preparation of poultry meat in the household; preparation of uncooked food and raw meat at the same time; contact with poultry animals; and the use of gastric acid inhibitors. The mean probability of human C. jejuni isolates to originate from chickens was highest (74%), whereas pigs were a negligible source for C. jejuni infections. Human C. coli isolates were likely to originate from chickens (56%) or from pigs (32%). Efforts need to be intensified along the food chain to reduce Campylobacter load, especially on chicken meat.
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Bertasi B, Losio MN, Daminelli P, Finazzi G, Serraino A, Piva S, Giacometti F, Massella E, Ostanello F. Seasonal Variability of Thermophilic Campylobacter Spp. in Raw Milk Sold by Automatic Vending Machines in Lombardy Region. Ital J Food Saf 2016; 5:5848. [PMID: 27853714 PMCID: PMC5090118 DOI: 10.4081/ijfs.2016.5848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2016] [Revised: 04/16/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In temperate climates, a seasonal trend was observed in the incidence of human campylobacteriosis cases, with peaks reported in spring and autumn in some countries, or in summer in others; a similar trend was observed in Campylobacter spp. dairy cattle faecal shedding, suggesting that cattle may play a role in the seasonal peak of human infection. The objectives of this study were to assess if a seasonal trend in thermophilic Campylobacter spp. contamination of raw milk exists and to evaluate a possible relation between this and the increase of human campylobacteriosis incidence in summer months. The results showed a mean prevalence of 1.6% of milk samples positive for thermophilic Campylobacter spp. with a wide range (0.0-3.1%) in different months during the three years considered. The statistical analysis showed a significant difference (P<0.01) of the prevalence of positive samples for thermophilic Campylobacter spp. between warmer and cooler months (2.3 vs 0.6%). The evidence of a seasonal trend in thermophilic Campylobacter spp. contamination of raw milk sold for direct consumption, with an increase of the prevalence in warmer months, may represent one of the possible links between seasonal trend in cattle faecal shedding and seasonal trend in human campylobacteriosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Bertasi
- Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Marina Nadia Losio
- Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paolo Daminelli
- Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Guido Finazzi
- Institute for Experimental Veterinary Medicine of Lombardy and Emilia-Romagna, Brescia, Italy
| | - Andrea Serraino
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Silvia Piva
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Federica Giacometti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Elisa Massella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy
| | - Fabio Ostanello
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum-University of Bologna, Ozzano dell’Emilia (BO), Italy
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Kaakoush NO, Castaño-Rodríguez N, Mitchell HM, Man SM. Global Epidemiology of Campylobacter Infection. Clin Microbiol Rev 2015; 28:687-720. [PMID: 26062576 PMCID: PMC4462680 DOI: 10.1128/cmr.00006-15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 846] [Impact Index Per Article: 94.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni infection is one of the most widespread infectious diseases of the last century. The incidence and prevalence of campylobacteriosis have increased in both developed and developing countries over the last 10 years. The dramatic increase in North America, Europe, and Australia is alarming, and data from parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East indicate that campylobacteriosis is endemic in these areas, especially in children. In addition to C. jejuni, there is increasing recognition of the clinical importance of emerging Campylobacter species, including Campylobacter concisus and Campylobacter ureolyticus. Poultry is a major reservoir and source of transmission of campylobacteriosis to humans. Other risk factors include consumption of animal products and water, contact with animals, and international travel. Strategic implementation of multifaceted biocontrol measures to reduce the transmission of this group of pathogens is paramount for public health. Overall, campylobacteriosis is still one of the most important infectious diseases that is likely to challenge global health in the years to come. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the global epidemiology, transmission, and clinical relevance of Campylobacter infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadeem O Kaakoush
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Natalia Castaño-Rodríguez
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Hazel M Mitchell
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Si Ming Man
- School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia Department of Immunology, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USA
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Verma AK, Kumar A, Singh SK, Rahal A, Ahmed I, Singh D, Singh AP, Singh L. Prevalence and Resistance to Antimicrobial Agents of Campylobacter
sp. Isolated from Dogs in India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014. [DOI: 10.3923/jbs.2014.142.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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