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Harrison L, Yee P, Sundararajan M, Ding L, Feng S. Local Firework Restrictions and Ocular Trauma. JAMA Ophthalmol 2024; 142:33-38. [PMID: 38095891 PMCID: PMC10722385 DOI: 10.1001/jamaophthalmol.2023.5698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023]
Abstract
Importance Fireworks can cause vision-threatening injuries, but the association of local legislation with the mitigation of these injuries is unclear. Objective To evaluate the odds of firework-related ocular trauma among residents of areas where fireworks are permitted vs banned. Design, Setting, and Participants This case-control study was conducted at a level 1 trauma center in Seattle, Washington, among 230 patients presenting with ocular trauma in the 2 weeks surrounding the Independence Day holiday, spanning June 28 to July 11, over an 8-year period (2016-2022). Exposures Firework ban status of patient residence. Main Outcomes and Measures Odds of firework-related injuries among residents of areas where fireworks are legal vs where they are banned, calculated as odds ratios (ORs) and 95% CIs. Results Of 230 consultations for ocular trauma during the study period, 94 patients (mean [SD] age, 25 [14] years; 86 male patients [92%]) sustained firework-related injuries, and 136 (mean [SD] age, 43 [23] years; 104 male patients [77%]) sustained non-firework-related injuries. The odds of firework-related ocular trauma were higher among those living in an area where fireworks were legal compared with those living in an area where fireworks were banned (OR, 2.0 [95% CI, 1.2-3.5]; P = .01). In addition, the odds of firework injuries were higher for patients younger than 18 years (OR, 3.1 [95% CI, 1.7-5.8]; P < .001) and for male patients (OR, 3.3 [95% CI, 1.5-7.1]; P = .004). Firework injuries were more likely to be vision threatening (54 of 94 [57%]) compared with non-firework-related injuries (54 of 136 [40%]; OR, 2.1 [95% CI, 1.2-3.5]; P = .01). Conclusions and Relevance This case-control study suggests that the odds of firework-related ocular trauma were slightly higher among residents of areas where fireworks were legal compared with residents of areas where fireworks were banned. Although these results suggest that local firework bans may be associated with a small reduction in the odds of firework-related ocular trauma, additional studies are warranted to assess what actions might lead to greater reductions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luke Harrison
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Philina Yee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Miel Sundararajan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Leona Ding
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
| | - Shu Feng
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle
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2
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Wang S, Li F, Jin S, Zhang Y, Yang N, Zhao J. Biomechanics of open-globe injury: a review. Biomed Eng Online 2023; 22:53. [PMID: 37226242 DOI: 10.1186/s12938-023-01117-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Open-globe injury is a common cause of blindness clinically caused by blunt trauma, sharp injury, or shock waves, characterised by rupture of the cornea or sclera and exposure of eye contents to the environment. It causes catastrophic damage to the globe, resulting in severe visual impairment and psychological trauma to the patient. Depending on the structure of the globe, the biomechanics causing ocular rupture can vary, and trauma to different parts of the globe can cause varying degrees of eye injury. The weak parts or parts of the eyeball in contact with foreign bodies rupture when biomechanics, such as external force, unit area impact energy, corneoscleral stress, and intraocular pressure exceed a certain value. Studying the biomechanics of open-globe injury and its influencing factors can provide a reference for eye-contact operations and the design of eye-protection devices. This review summarises the biomechanics of open-globe injury and the relevant factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Songtao Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 4026, Yatai Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Fuqiang Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 4026, Yatai Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Siyan Jin
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 4026, Yatai Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 4026, Yatai Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Ning Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 4026, Yatai Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jinsong Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, No. 4026, Yatai Street, Nanguan District, Changchun, Jilin, China.
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3
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Kaur K, Gurnani B, Gupta I, Narayana S. Retrospective multifactorial analysis of ocular firecracker injuries and review of literature. TRAUMA-ENGLAND 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/14604086221147359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Purpose To analyse demographics, risk factors, clinical features, functional, anatomical outcomes, and prevalence of blindness in firecracker injury patients presenting to a tertiary eye care centre. Methodology A retrospective analysis of ocular firecracker injuries patients who presented to our hospital from April 2018 to March 2019 was performed. A total of 114 patients with a minimum follow-up of 3 months were included. The parameters recorded were demographics, mode of injury, type of cracker, baseline and last follow up best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), anterior and posterior segment findings, seidel's test, intraocular pressure, gonioscopy, treatment, functional and anatomical outcomes. Investigations in form of B Scan, X-ray, or CT scan were undertaken whenever indicated. Results A total of 132 eyes of 114 patients were analysed. The mean (SD) age was 18.96 +/−15.4 years (range 3–71 years). Seventy-four (64.91%) patients were ≤ 18 years of age. The male-to-female ratio was 4:1. The ratio of right: left eye involvement was 1:1. Eighteen patients (15.79%) had bilateral involvement. A total of 125 eyes had closed globe injury, 7 eyes had open globe injury and 17 patients needed hospital admission for management. The mean (SD) baseline BCVA was 0.54(+/−0.75). The mean (SD) final BCVA improved to 0.23(+/−0.62) till the last follow-up. The final outcome was good in most patients, except 5 eyes (3.78%) which resulted in near/total blindness. Conclusion Firecracker injuries are a major cause of irreversible blindness, especially among the younger age group. Prompt diagnosis with meticulous management can prevent devastating sequelae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry, India
| | - Bharat Gurnani
- Department of Cataract, Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry, India
| | - Isha Gupta
- DO Ophthalmology, DNB Resident, Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry, India
| | - Shivananda Narayana
- MS Ophthalmology, Head of Department, Cornea and Refractive Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry, India
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4
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Turgut F, Bograd A, Jeltsch B, Weber A, Schwarzer P, Ciotu IM, Amaral J, Menke MN, Thommen F, Tandogan T, Tappeiner C. Occurrence and outcome of firework-related ocular injuries in Switzerland: A descriptive retrospective study. BMC Ophthalmol 2022; 22:296. [PMID: 35799154 PMCID: PMC9260982 DOI: 10.1186/s12886-022-02513-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Firework-related ocular injuries (FWROI) are a major cause of preventable visual impairment. This study aimed to analyze the occurrence and outcome of FWROI in Switzerland. Methods This retrospective multicenter study included patients with FWROI from seven centers in Switzerland from January 2009 to August 2020. Demographic information, type of injuries, medical and surgical treatments, the best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) at baseline and end of follow-up, occurrence and type of secondary complications, and duration of hospitalization were analyzed. Results A total of 105 patients (119 eyes) with a mean age of 27.1 ± 15.9 years were included in the study (71.4% male patients; 29.5% underage). Most injuries occurred around New Year’s Eve (32.4%) and the Swiss national holiday on 1 August (60.9%). The most common anterior segment findings were conjunctival or corneal foreign bodies (58%), whereas Berlin’s edema was the most common posterior segment finding (11.4%). Globe ruptures were found in four patients. The mean BCVA in all patients at first presentation was 0.4 ± 0.8 logMAR and improved to 0.3 ± 0.8 logMAR at last follow-up. A primary surgical intervention was performed in 48 eyes (40.3%). Hospitalization directly after the trauma was necessary for 18 patients for a mean of 5.8 ± 4.1 days, and a total of 4.9 ± 7.6 follow-up visits were needed. Conclusion This study provides the first data on FWROI in Switzerland, which are helpful for further preventive and educational programs and comparisons with other countries. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12886-022-02513-9.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ferhat Turgut
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Ophthalmology, City Hospital Triemli, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Alexandra Bograd
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Brida Jeltsch
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Adrian Weber
- Department of Ophthalmology, Lucerne Cantonal Hospital, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Petra Schwarzer
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pallas Klinik Olten, Louis Giroud-Strasse 20, 4600, Olten, Switzerland
| | - Iulia M Ciotu
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Joao Amaral
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - Marcel N Menke
- Department of Ophthalmology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.,Department of Ophthalmology, Kantonsspital Aarau, Aarau, Switzerland
| | - François Thommen
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lausanne, Hôpital Ophtalmique Jules-Gonin, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Tamer Tandogan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pallas Klinik Olten, Louis Giroud-Strasse 20, 4600, Olten, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Tappeiner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pallas Klinik Olten, Louis Giroud-Strasse 20, 4600, Olten, Switzerland. .,Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany. .,University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
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5
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AlGhadeer H, Khandekar R. Fireworks ocular injury in Saudi children: profile and management outcomes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5942. [PMID: 35396519 PMCID: PMC8993825 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09606-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
To explore the demographic profiling, causes, types, complications, management outcomes, and severity of fireworks-inflicted ocular injuries in children in KSA. This is a retrospective study of 115 cases with eye injuries managed at the Emergency Department, of our institution between 2003 and 2019. Demography, clinical features at presentation, mode of management and the Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) were evaluated at the last follow up. The study included 117 eyes of 115 children [median age: 9 years; 96 (83.5%) boys;19 (16.5%) girls]. Fifty-six (48.7%) participants were bystanders. The injuries were caused mainly due to bangers (n = 47; 40.9%), rockets in bottle (n = 28; 24.3%), firecrackers (n = 27; 23.5%), and nonspecific reasons (n = 13; 11.3%). The children had presented with various severity levels: corneal abrasion (n = 52; 44.4%); cataract (n = 47;40.2%); penetrating injury (n = 40; 34.2%); secondary glaucoma (n = 22;18.8%); subluxated lens (n = 19;16.2%); limbal stem cell deficiency (n = 14;12.0%); Iridodialysis (n = 12;10.3%), and vitreous hemorrhage (n = 11;9.4%). Management interventions of the eyes under study included: penetrating injury repair (n = 40; 34.2%), lens removal plus intraocular lens implantation (n = 26; 22.2%), removal of foreign body (n = 9; 7.7%). The BCVA after six months was 20/20 to 20/60 in 49 (41%) cases; 20/70 to 20/200 in 27 (23.1%) cases; < 20/200 to 20/400 in 7 (6%) cases, and < 20/400 in 34 (29.1%) of the cases. Out of 51.3% eyes with < 20/200 before management, only 35% recorded severe visual impairment. Fireworks-related eye injuries were mainly observed in boys primarily due to the use of bangers. Visual disability remained in one-third of the managed cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huda AlGhadeer
- Emergency Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, PO Box 7191, Riyadh, 11462, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
| | - Rajiv Khandekar
- Research Department, King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.,British Columbia Center for Epidemiologic and International Ophthalmology, UBC, Vancouver, Canada
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Hoskin AK, Low R, de Faber JT, Mishra C, Susvar P, Pradhan E, Rousselot A, Woreta FA, Keay L, Watson SL, Agrawal R. Eye injuries from fireworks used during celebrations and associated vision loss: the international globe and adnexal trauma epidemiology study (IGATES). Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2021; 260:371-383. [PMID: 34453604 DOI: 10.1007/s00417-021-05284-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Revised: 05/31/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To report on the factors associated with severe vision loss from fireworks-related ocular trauma during celebrations, including festivals. METHODS Tertiary eye care hospitals in 5 countries and private ophthalmology practices in the Netherlands. Patients included received treatment for fireworks-related ocular trauma during celebrations. Demographic and clinical data for patients affected were analyzed and associations with severe vision loss reported. RESULTS Of 388 patients, 71 (18.3 %) had severe vision loss (worse than 6/60) at 4-week follow-up due to fireworks-related ocular trauma. Mean age overall was 20.6 years (range 2 to 83 years), and there was a male predominance of 4:1. Clinical factors associated with severe vision loss included penetrating injury (OR 4.874 [95% CI 1.298-18.304; p = 0.02]) and lens injury (OR 7.023 [95% CI 2.378-20.736; p = 0.0004]). More patients with closed-globe injuries (CGIs) had improved vision after 4 weeks (OR 3.667, 1.096-12.27) compared to those with open-globe injuries (OGI) (p = 0.035). Eye protection use was reported by 7 patients, and 39.4% patients < 18 years were unsupervised by an adult at the time of injury. CONCLUSIONS Severe vision loss from fireworks-related ocular trauma occurred during celebrations in a variety of countries and was associated with penetrating and/or lens injury and poor presenting vision. New initiatives are needed to prevent severe vision loss associated with these injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette K Hoskin
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.,Lions Eye Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
| | - Rebecca Low
- National Healthcare Group Eye Institute at Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, 308433, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Eli Pradhan
- Tilganga Institute of Ophthalmology, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Andres Rousselot
- Ophthalmology Department, Universidad del Salvador, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Fasika A Woreta
- Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Lisa Keay
- School of Optometry and Vision Science, UNSW, Sydney, Australia.,The George Institute for Global Health, UNSW, Sydney, Australia
| | - Stephanie L Watson
- Save Sight Institute, Discipline of Ophthalmology, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rupesh Agrawal
- National Healthcare Group Eye Institute at Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, 308433, Singapore.
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7
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Tanenbaum Z, Prasad N, Bhardwaj P, Welschmeyer A, Harley EH. Fireworks Injuries to the Head and Neck: A Retrospective Analysis Between 2008 and 2017. J Burn Care Res 2021; 43:202-206. [PMID: 34363657 DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irab133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examines firework-associated head and neck injuries in the United States from 2008 to 2017 obtained from a single epidemiology source. METHODS The National Electronic Surveillance System was used to collect epidemiologic data and retrospectively analyze firework-associated injuries from 2008 to 2017. Injury types included burns, concussions, contusions, foreign bodies, hematomas, internal organ injury, lacerations, and puncture wounds. 431 individuals were originally included, however, 14 participants were excluded due to inadequate injury information. Chi-squared analyses were performed between the following categorical variables: gender versus body part injured, patient age versus injury type, and patient age versus body part injured. RESULTS 417 injuries to the head and neck (67.4% male, 32.6% female) were treated in National Electronic Surveillance System-reporting emergency departments during the 10-year period. 69% of the injuries occurred in July. Body parts injured included the ear (10.6%), face (61.6%), head (13.0%), mouth (4.8%), and neck (10.0%). Chi-squared analysis demonstrated an association between gender and body part injured (p=0.0001). Patient age (p=0.066) was independent of injury type. Children aged 0-12 years had the highest probability of being injured (40.2%), then adults 22+ (33.1%) and adolescents 13-21 years (26.9%). CONCLUSIONS Given that the preponderance of injuries caused by fireworks occurred primarily in minors, pediatricians should screen for any household firework use during the anticipatory guidance portion of well-child checks, which we believe would improve patient safety and decrease injury rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Navin Prasad
- Georgetown University School of Medicine; Washington, DC
| | - Priya Bhardwaj
- Georgetown University School of Medicine; Washington, DC
| | | | - Earl H Harley
- Georgetown University School of Medicine; Washington, DC.,Department of Otolaryngology, MedStar Georgetown University Hospital; Washington, DC
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Lenglinger MA, Zorn M, Pilger D, von Sonnleithner C, Rossel M, Salchow DJ, Bertelmann E. Firework-inflicted ocular trauma in children and adults in an urban German setting. Eur J Ophthalmol 2020; 31:709-715. [PMID: 31973551 PMCID: PMC8120635 DOI: 10.1177/1120672120902033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To assess firework-inflicted ocular trauma in the German capital during the week around New Year's Eve with regards to patient characteristics and age, severity of injuries, and their management and outcome. METHODS A retrospective chart review of all patients presenting to the department of ophthalmology of Charité-University Medicine Berlin during a 7-day period around New Year's Eve in the years 2014-2017 was performed. Patients with ocular complaints and injuries caused by fireworks were included. We recorded demographic data, active role, visual acuity at presentation and at last follow-up, the most pertinent clinical findings, management and outcome with regards to visual acuity, and integrity of the eye. RESULTS A total of 146 patients with 165 injured eyes were included. Median age at presentation was 23 (4-58) years, and 71.2% were male. Fifty-one patients (34.9%) were less than 18 years old. Ninty-seven patients (66.4%) sustained minor, 34 (23.3%) sustained moderate, and 15 (10.3%) sustained severe injuries. Severe trauma was seen in younger patients (median age: 12, range: 4-58 years) than mild and moderate trauma (median age: 23, range: 4-45 years) and resulted in loss of light perception in two eyes and in a visual acuity of only light perception in three eyes. One eye was enucleated. CONCLUSION Ocular trauma inflicted by fireworks can have serious consequences for ocular morbidity and visual acuity, especially in severe trauma which affected younger patients. To significantly reduce firework-inflicted trauma, a ban of private fireworks in densely populated areas and in the vicinity of children should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Malte Zorn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel Pilger
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Mirjam Rossel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Daniel J Salchow
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eckart Bertelmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité-University Medicine Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Diagnostik und Akuttherapie von Augenverletzungen durch Feuerwerkskörper. Ophthalmologe 2019; 116:1152-1161. [DOI: 10.1007/s00347-019-01000-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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10
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Gabel-Pfisterer A, Böhringer D, Agostini H. [3-year results of the German nationwide survey on eye injuries caused by fireworks]. Ophthalmologe 2019; 116:1138-1151. [PMID: 31659430 DOI: 10.1007/s00347-019-00967-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND On festive days worldwide eyes are severely injured by fireworks. The data on the number and severity are to date not registered in Germany. OBJECTIVE How frequent are firework-induced injuries in Germany, who are the affected, how serious are the injuries, which forms of treatment are necessary and how frequent are accompanying injuries? METHOD A German nationwide online-based survey was carried out in all inpatient eye departments and data over the last 3 consecutive years were descriptively analyzed. RESULTS From New Years Eve 2016/2017, when 41 eye departments sent in data, the participation could be increased to 51 eye departments in 2018/2019. More than one third (33-39%) of all 1356 patients over 3 years were minors, 60% were younger than 25 years old and roughly 60% of patients were injured as bystanders or in an unclear situation. In total 25% of all eye injuries were considered severe and required inpatient treatment. Accompanying injuries of the other eye, the face and hands were more frequent in minors than in adults. Eyeball ruptures were reported in 10 minors and 38 adults over the 3 years. CONCLUSION Particularly minors and bystanders need better protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gabel-Pfisterer
- Augenklinik, Klinikum Ernst-von-Bergmann, Charlottenstr. 72, 14467, Potsdam, Deutschland.
| | - D Böhringer
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Deutschland
| | - H Agostini
- Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Medizinische Fakultät, Universitätsklinikum Freiburg, Freiburg im Breisgau, Deutschland
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Hoskin AK, Mackey DA, Keay L, Agrawal R, Watson S. Eye Injuries across history and the evolution of eye protection. Acta Ophthalmol 2019; 97:637-643. [PMID: 30907494 DOI: 10.1111/aos.14086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/16/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the history of eye injuries and the consequent evolution of eye protection. METHODS A comprehensive search of Medline and the grey literature using the terms 'ocular trauma' and 'eye protection' or 'injury prevention' and 'history'. References were used to identify other relevant publications. Publications were classified according to the setting of eye injury: occupational, recreational or combat-related. RESULTS Eye protection has been described in a wide range of sources, including in literature and art. With advances in eye protection material and design, as well as government and societal promotion of appropriate eye protection usage in the workplace, the epidemiology of ocular trauma has changed over time. In developed countries, the use of eye protection in the workplace has reduced the proportion of occupation-related eye injuries over the last century, with a higher proportion occurring during sports or at home. New protection devices and policies have evolved to meet this change. CONCLUSION Vision loss has broad implications for the individual and for society and despite available prevention strategies, ocular trauma is a significant cause of preventable monocular and bilateral vision loss. The use of appropriate eye protection has reduced the burden of ocular trauma. History provides lessons for informing current eye protection and eye injury prevention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette K. Hoskin
- Save Sight Institute The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
- Lions Eye Institute Nedlands WA Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Western Australian Nedlands WA Australia
| | - David A. Mackey
- Lions Eye Institute Nedlands WA Australia
- Department of Ophthalmology University of Western Australian Nedlands WA Australia
| | - Lisa Keay
- School of Optometry and Vision Science UNSW Sydney Australia
- The George Institute for Global Health UNSW Sydney NSW Australia
| | | | - Stephanie Watson
- Save Sight Institute The University of Sydney Sydney NSW Australia
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12
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Huth A, Löffler L, Viestenz A. Feuerwerksverletzungen am Auge in den letzten 11 Jahren. Ophthalmologe 2019; 116:1171-1176. [DOI: 10.1007/s00347-019-0941-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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13
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Fireworks: boon or bane to our eyes? Int Ophthalmol 2019; 39:2407-2411. [DOI: 10.1007/s10792-018-1054-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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14
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Frimmel S, de Faber JT, Wubbels RJ, Kniestedt C, Paridaens D. Type, severity, management and outcome of ocular and adnexal firework-related injuries: the Rotterdam experience. Acta Ophthalmol 2018. [PMID: 29536639 DOI: 10.1111/aos.13711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To study the type, severity, management and outcome of firework-related adnexal and ocular injuries during New Year's Eve festivities. METHODS A retrospective analysis of 123 injured patients (143 eyes) treated at the Rotterdam Eye Hospital between 2009 and 2013. All ages were included and analysed according to age, gender, active participant or bystander, laterality, location, dimension and severity of injury. Outcome parameter was the final best-corrected visual acuity. RESULTS The mean age was 22 ± 13 years with 87% males and 53% bystanders. 52% were ≤18 years. There was a higher number of female than male bystanders (63% versus 51%, p = 0.30). 50% of the eyes sustained mild, 13% moderate and 37% severe trauma. Adults suffered more from severe injuries compared to children (42% versus 31%). The most frequent intervention was gunpowder removal (20%), followed by traumatic cataract surgery (12%) and amniotic membrane grafting (8%). 76% of patients were followed over 1 year. At the end of follow-up, 88 (61.5%) eyes had recovered fully, while 55 (38.5%) eyes suffered from persistent complications with reduced vision ≤0.8 in 30% of injured eyes. 15 patients (12%, 10 adults, five children) were considered legally blind (vision ≤0.1). Three (2%) eyes were subject to evisceration. CONCLUSION Every year, around New Year's Eve 30-45 victims were referred to the Rotterdam Eye Hospital; 50% sustained moderate-to-severe trauma. In severe firework injuries, patients required multiple treatments that may not prevent permanent blindness and/or functional/cosmetic disfigurement. The majority was bystander and younger than 18 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonja Frimmel
- The Rotterdam Eye Hospital; Rotterdam The Netherlands
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Unterlauft JD, Rehak M, Wiedemann P, Meier P. Firework-Related Eye Trauma in Germany. Curr Eye Res 2018; 43:1522-1528. [PMID: 30110181 DOI: 10.1080/02713683.2018.1508725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Darius Unterlauft
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leipzig University Hospital, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Matus Rehak
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leipzig University Hospital, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Peter Wiedemann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leipzig University Hospital, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Petra Meier
- Department of Ophthalmology, Leipzig University Hospital, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany
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