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Singh G, Verma R, Kaur K, Deepika, Kumar S, Malik AK. Facile Layer Diffusion Technique for Synthesis of Terbium-Based Metal Organic Framework for Fluorometric Sensing of Hydroquinone. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03682-0. [PMID: 38592594 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03682-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/10/2024]
Abstract
A photoluminescent terbium (III)-based Metal Organic Framework (MOF) was synthesized at room temperature by layer diffusion method utilizing mixed carboxylate linkers (4,4'-oxybis(benzoic acid) and benzene-1,3,5 tricarboxylic acid). Synthesized MOF has crystalline nature and rod-shaped morphology and is thermally stable up to 455 °C. The fluorescence emission spectra and theoretical results revealed that carboxylate linkers functioned as sensitizers for Tb(III) photoluminescence which resulted in four distinct emission peaks at 495, 547, 584, and 621 nm corresponding to the transitions 5D4 → 7F6, 5D4 → 7F5, 5D4 → 7F4, and 5D4 → 7F3. Using synthesized MOF as fluorescent probe, hydroquinone was detected in aqueous medium with a detection limit of 0.048 μM, remarkable recovery (95.6-101.1%), and relative standard deviation less than 2.25%. The quenching phenomenon may be ascribed to electron transfer from synthesized probe to oxidized hydroquinone via carboxylic groups on the surface of MOF, which is further supported by photo-induced electron transfer mechanism. This study introduces a cheaper, faster, and more accurate method for hydroquinone detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gurdeep Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Rajpal Verma
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India
- Department of Chemistry, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Govt. College Dabwali, Sirsa, Haryana, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Deepika
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Multani Mal Modi College, Patiala, 147001, Punjab, India
| | - Ashok Kumar Malik
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, 147002, Punjab, India.
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Singh A, Mahajan R, Midha V, Kaur K, Singh D, Kaur R, Garg S, Arora K, Bansal N, Sood A. Effectiveness of Tofacitinib in Ulcerative Proctitis Compared to Left Sided Colitis and Pancolitis. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:1389-1402. [PMID: 38358458 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-024-08276-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ulcerative proctitis (UP), though associated with high symptom burden and poor quality of life, is excluded from most of the randomized controlled trials in UC, including the OCTAVE trials. We aimed to analyse the effectiveness of tofacitinib in UP, and compare it to that in left sided colitis (LSC) and pancolitis (PC). METHODS This was a prospective cohort study. Patients with either steroid-dependent or refractory ulcerative colitis, who received tofacitinib, were divided into three groups based on the disease extent [UP, LSC and PC]. The primary outcome was comparison of proportion of patients in clinical remission in the three groups, at weeks 8, 16 and 48. Safety outcomes were reported using incidence rate per patient year of exposure. RESULTS Clinical remission was achieved in 47%(15/32), 24%(23/94), and 43%(23/54) of patients at week 8, 56%(18/32), 37%(35/94), and 56%(30/54) of patients at week 16, and 59%(19/32), 38%(36/94), and 24%(13/54) of patients at week 48 in groups UP, LSC and PC, respectively. Corticosteroid-free clinical remission rates were significantly higher in patients in groups UP at week 48. Five (15%) patients with UP were primary non-responders to tofacitinib at week 16, while three (9%) patients had secondary loss of response at week 48. The probability of sustained clinical response was highest in patients with UP. Patients with UP had the lowest incidence of adverse effects. CONCLUSION The effectiveness of tofacitinib in inducing and maintaining clinical remission is greater in patients with UP compared to LSC and PC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshdeep Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Ramit Mahajan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Vandana Midha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Dharmatma Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Shreya Garg
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Kirti Arora
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Namita Bansal
- Research and Development Centre, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Ajit Sood
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India.
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Gurnani B, Kaur K. Intricacies and solutions for interpretation of microbiologic samples of Pythium insidiosum keratitis. Indian J Ophthalmol 2024; 72:602-603. [PMID: 38546474 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1573_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gurnani
- Cataract, Cornea, External Diseases, Trauma, Ocular Surface and Refractive Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki Kund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki Kund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Gurnani B, Natarajan R, Mohan M, Kaur K. Breaking-Down Barriers: Proposal of Using Cellulose Biosynthesis Inhibitors and Cellulase Enzyme as a Novel Treatment Modality for Vision Threatening Pythium Insidiosum Keratitis. Clin Ophthalmol 2024; 18:765-776. [PMID: 38495678 PMCID: PMC10941664 DOI: 10.2147/opth.s450665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 03/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Pythium insidiosum, an Oomycete, causes severe keratitis that endangers vision. Its clinical, morphological, and microbiological characteristics are often indistinguishable from those of fungal keratitis, earning it the moniker "parafungus". Distinctive clinical hallmarks that set it apart from other forms of keratitis include radial keratoneuritis, tentacles, marginal infiltration, and a propensity for rapid limbal spread. The therapeutic approach to Pythium keratitis (PK) has long been a subject of debate, and topical and systemic antifungals and antibacterials have been tried with limited success. Approximately 80% of these eyes undergo therapeutic keratoplasty to salvage the eye. Hence, there is a need to innovate for alternative and better medical therapy to safeguard these eyes. The resistance of Pythium to standard antifungal treatments can be attributed to the absence of ergosterol in its cell wall. Cell walls of plants and algae have cellulose as an essential constituent. Cellulose imparts strength and structure and acts as the "skeleton" of the plant. Fungal and animal cell walls typically lack cellulose. The cellular architecture of Pythium shares a similarity with plant and algal cells through the incorporation of cellulose within its cell wall structure. Inhibitors targeting cellulose biosynthesis (CBI), such as Indaziflam, Isoxaben, and Quinoxyphen, serve as critical tools for elucidating the pathways of cellulose synthesis. Furthermore, the enzymatic action of cellulase is instrumental for the extraction of proteins and DNA. To circumvent this issue, we hypothesize that CBI's and cellulase enzymes can act on the Pythium cell wall and may effectively treat PK. The available literature supporting the hypothesis and proof of concept has also been discussed. We have also discussed these drugs' molecular mechanism of action on the Pythium cell wall. We also aim to propose how these drugs can be procured and used as a potential medical management option for this devastating entity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gurnani
- Department of Cataract, Cornea and Refractive Surgery, ASG Eye Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342008, India
| | - Radhika Natarajan
- Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Sankara Nethralaya Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600006, India
| | - Madhuvanthi Mohan
- Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Sankara Nethralaya Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 600006, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, ASG Eye Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342008, India
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Gurnani B, Kaur K, Savla HR, Prajjwal P, Pentapati SSK, Simhachalam Kutikuppala LV. Navigating diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in ocular manifestations of Hansen's disease and trachoma: A narrative review. Indian J Ophthalmol 2024:02223307-990000000-00116. [PMID: 38454868 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_793_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) encompass a group of approximately 20 diseases prevalent in tropical and subtropical regions, closely associated with poverty, affecting over a billion people in low-income countries. This manuscript aims to explore the ocular manifestations and burden of two significant NTDs, namely Hansen's disease and trachoma while addressing gaps in understanding and management. Hansen's disease, caused by Mycobacterium leprae, has a long history and presents with diverse neurological and ocular manifestations. Despite the availability of treatment, ocular complications persist, leading to significant visual impairment in some cases. The manuscript emphasizes the importance of early diagnosis, regular ophthalmic examinations, and follow-ups to prevent and control ocular complications, reducing the burden of visual impairment and blindness. Trachoma, caused by Chlamydia trachomatis, remains the leading infectious cause of blindness in underdeveloped and remote areas. The manuscript highlights the clinical diagnosis and implementation of the World Health Organization's (WHO's) SAFE (surgery, antibiotics, facial hygiene, and environmental sanitation) strategy to prevent transmission and associated blindness. However, challenges in health surveillance tools and underreporting of trachoma cases are addressed, emphasizing the need for improved strategies to combat the disease effectively. Through a comprehensive review of the ocular manifestations and management of Hansen's disease and trachoma, this manuscript contributes to the existing knowledge base and enhances a deeper understanding of these NTDs. Addressing gaps in understanding and management emphasizes the importance of implementing WHO's strategies and collaborative efforts to achieve the global goal of reducing the burden of NTDs and improving community health and well-being. The manuscript underscores the significance of early intervention, preventive measures, and technological advancements, providing valuable insights for policymakers, healthcare professionals, and researchers working in the field of NTDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gurnani
- Cataract, Cornea, Trauma, Refractive Surgery, Ocular Surface and External Diseases, ASG Eye Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Consultant Cataract, Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, ASG Eye Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Hritik R Savla
- Department of General Ophthalmology, Grant Government Medical College and Sir JJ Group of Hospitals, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Priyadarshi Prajjwal
- Department of Medicine, Bharati Vidyapeeth University Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India
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Parkash RO, Gurnani B, Kaur K, Parkash TO, Vajpayee RB. Novel trocar assisted intraocular lens and capsular bag complex fixation. Eur J Ophthalmol 2024; 34:583-588. [PMID: 37882171 DOI: 10.1177/11206721231208662] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To describe the innovative technique of trocar-assisted intraocular lens (IOL) and capsular bag complex fixation. METHODS In this technique, initial pupil dilatation is achieved either with intracameral adrenaline or with the help of iris hooks. Automated anterior vitrectomy is performed in cases with vitreous prolapse. A 25 G trocar cannula is placed at the limbus through a paracentesis opposite the zonular dialysis area. The cannula lumen act as a guide to pass the double-arm polypropylene suture attached to the needle. This prevents any inadvertent corneal injury and acts as a perpendicular tract to pass the needle through IOL capsular bag complex. RESULTS We performed this technique in 9 cases with an excellent outcome with a minimum of 3 months of follow-up. All patients had well-centred IOL. There was no incidence of corneal injury, Descemet membrane detachment, iris trauma, IOL tilt, decentration, dislocation, vitreous prolapse or retinal detachment. All patients achieved excellent visual acuity ranging from 6/12-6/6 postoperatively. CONCLUSION The novel trocar-assisted IOL bag complex fixation technique is very effective and allows smooth IOL fixation in technically challenging cases with IOL subluxation. The trocar acts as a guide to prevent injury to the surrounding tissue, and IOL fixation is achieved with minimal manipulations in the anterior chamber. It also prevents the need for IOL explantation in these cases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Bharat Gurnani
- Dr. Om Parkash Eye Institute, Amritsar, Punjab, India
- Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
- ASG Eye Hospitals, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Dr. Om Parkash Eye Institute, Amritsar, Punjab, India
- Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
- ASG Eye Hospitals, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | - Rasik B Vajpayee
- Vision Eye Institute, Melbourne, Australia
- Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia
- University of Melbourne, Australia
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Gurnani B, Kaur K. Leveraging ChatGPT for ophthalmic education: A critical appraisal. Eur J Ophthalmol 2024; 34:323-327. [PMID: 37974429 DOI: 10.1177/11206721231215862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, the advent of artificial intelligence (AI) has transformed many sectors, including medical education. This editorial critically appraises the integration of ChatGPT, a state-of-the-art AI language model, into ophthalmic education, focusing on its potential, limitations, and ethical considerations. The application of ChatGPT in teaching and training ophthalmologists presents an innovative method to offer real-time, customized learning experiences. Through a systematic analysis of both experimental and clinical data, this editorial examines how ChatGPT enhances engagement, understanding, and retention of complex ophthalmological concepts. The study also evaluates the efficacy of ChatGPT in simulating patient interactions and clinical scenarios, which can foster improved diagnostic and interpersonal skills. Despite the promising advantages, concerns regarding reliability, lack of personal touch, and potential biases in the AI-generated content are scrutinized. Ethical considerations concerning data privacy and potential misuse are also explored. The findings underline the need for carefully designed integration, continuous evaluation, and adherence to ethical guidelines to maximize benefits while mitigating risks. By shedding light on these multifaceted aspects, this paper contributes to the ongoing discourse on the incorporation of AI in medical education, offering valuable insights and guidance for educators, practitioners, and policymakers aiming to leverage modern technology for enhancing ophthalmic education.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gurnani
- Cataract, Cornea, Trauma, External Diseases, Ocular Surface and Refractive Services, ASG Eye Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
- Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Cataract, Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, ASG Eye Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
- Children Eye Care Centre, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Prabhat N, Kaur K, Takkar A, Ahuja C, Katoch D, Goyal M, Dutta P, Bhansali A, Lal V. Pituitary Dysfunction in Idiopathic Intracranial Hypertension: An Analysis of 80 Patients. Can J Neurol Sci 2024; 51:265-271. [PMID: 37014102 DOI: 10.1017/cjn.2023.42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Empty sella is a commonly described imaging entity in patients with idiopathic intracranial hypertension (IIH). Though menstrual and hormonal disturbances have been associated with IIH, available literature lacks systematic analysis of pituitary hormonal disturbances in IIH. More so, the contribution of empty sella in causing pituitary hormonal abnormalities in patients of IIH has not been described. We carried out this study to systematically assess the pituitary hormonal abnormalities in patients with IIH and its relation to empty sella. METHODS Eighty treatment naïve patients of IIH were recruited as per a predefined criterion. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) brain with detailed sella imaging and pituitary hormonal profile were done in all patients. RESULTS Partial empty sella was seen in 55 patients (68.8%). Hormonal abnormalities were detected in 30 patients (37.5%), reduced cortisol levels in 20%, raised prolactin levels in 13.8%, low thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in 3.8%, hypogonadism in 1.25%, and elevated levels of gonadotropins were found in 6.25% of participants. Hormonal disturbances were independent and were not associated with the presence of empty sella (p = 0.493). CONCLUSION Hormonal abnormalities were observed in 37.5% patients with IIH. These abnormalities did not correlate with the presence or absence of empty sella. Pituitary dysfunction appears to be subclinical in IIH and responds to intracranial pressure reduction, not requiring specific hormonal therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nandita Prabhat
- Department of Neurology, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Safedabad, Lucknow, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Neurology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Aastha Takkar
- Department of Neurology, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Safedabad, Lucknow, India
| | - Chirag Ahuja
- Department of Radio-diagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Deeksha Katoch
- Department of Ophthalmology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Manoj Goyal
- Department of Neurology, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Safedabad, Lucknow, India
| | - Pinaki Dutta
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Anil Bhansali
- Department of Endocrinology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India
| | - Vivek Lal
- Department of Neurology, Hind Institute of Medical Sciences, Safedabad, Lucknow, India
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Jhajj KS, Jindal P, Kaur K. Use of Artificial Intelligence Tools for Research by Medical Students: A Narrative Review. Cureus 2024; 16:e55367. [PMID: 38562332 PMCID: PMC10982680 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.55367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
With the advent of the era of digitalization, a new door has opened for the development of artificial intelligence (AI)-driven tools/algorithms that can help analyse the huge amount of data uploaded onto the cloud. AI-based tools/algorithms have created a niche in the field of research. AI has enabled researchers and practitioners to access and evaluate an enormous number of scientific papers more effectively. This can link similar studies from the past and highlight research gaps, thus accelerating the literature review, evidence generation, and knowledge discovery process. Medical students can obtain help from various AI-based solutions for literature organization and citations. These tools/algorithms facilitate secure information exchange, collaborative research efforts, and communication among multiple research centres. However, AI-driven research requires the guidance and supervision of human experts for better accuracy, coherence, and credibility of the content entering scientific databases. The key objective of this review is to discuss and evaluate various AI-based tools/algorithms and their key features that can assist medical students in medical research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Pooja Jindal
- Medicine and Surgery, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, IND
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, IND
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Singh A, Bhardwaj A, Tripathi A, Ranjan MK, Singh D, Sachdeva A, Marwah M, Sadana KS, Bansal N, Mahajan R, Kaur K, Midha V, Sood A. Burden of Anxiety, Depression and Perceived Stress in Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Cohort Study from North India. Dig Dis Sci 2024; 69:775-790. [PMID: 38282185 DOI: 10.1007/s10620-023-08242-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are susceptible to psychiatric co-morbidities. We aimed to ascertain the burden of anxiety, depression, and perceived stress in patients with IBD from north India. METHODS Consenting adult patients with an established diagnosis of IBD were enrolled. The enrolled patients filled the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) questionnaires. The patient and disease characteristics were analyzed to determine the correlations and predictors of psychiatric comorbidities. RESULTS A total of 318 patients (255 UC, 63 CD; mean age 40.13 ± 12.06 years, 168 [52.8%] males; mean partial Mayo score 2.10 ± 2.35; and mean HBI 2.77 ± 2.13) were enrolled. The prevalence of anxiety, depression and moderate to high perceived stress was 14%, 12%, and 41%, respectively. Females had higher mean perceived stress, anxiety and depression scores compared to males. The partial Mayo score (PMS) correlated poorly with anxiety (ρ = 0.083, p = 0.187), depression (ρ = 0.123, p = 0.49) and perceived stress (ρ = 0.169; p = 0.007). The Harvey Bradshaw index (HBI) correlated fairly with anxiety (ρ = 0.336, p = 0.007) and poorly with depression (ρ = 0.287, p = 0.022) and perceived stress (ρ = 0.20; p = 0.117). Younger age (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.90-0.97; p = 0.001) and hand-grip strength (OR 4.63, 95% CI 1.88-11.42; p = 0.001) predicted anxiety in patients with UC while rural area of residence (OR 4.75, 95% CI 1.03-21.98; p = 0.046) and HBI (OR 1.60, 95% CI 1.12-2.29; p = 0.009) were significant predictors of anxiety in patients with CD. CONCLUSION Psychiatric comorbidities are common in patients with IBD, with higher prevalence in females. Young adults with UC and sarcopenia; and individuals with active CD living in rural areas are at an increased risk of anxiety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshdeep Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Arshia Bhardwaj
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Ashish Tripathi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | | | - Dharmatma Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Ashi Sachdeva
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Mahima Marwah
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Kriti Sood Sadana
- Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Namita Bansal
- Research and Development Centre, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Ramit Mahajan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Vandana Midha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India
| | - Ajit Sood
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India.
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Singh A, Midha V, Kaur K, Mahajan R, Singh D, Kaur R, Kohli A, Chawla A, Sood K, Bansal N, Sood A. Tofacitinib Versus Oral Prednisolone for Induction of Remission in Moderately Active Ulcerative Colitis [ORCHID]: A Prospective, Open-Label, Randomized, Pilot Study. J Crohns Colitis 2024; 18:300-307. [PMID: 37656880 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjad153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral corticosteroids are first-line agents to induce remission in moderately active ulcerative colitis [UC], but are associated with adverse effects. We compared the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib and prednisolone for induction of remission in moderately active UC. METHODS This was a single-centre, prospective, open-label, randomized, active-controlled pilot study. Eligible patients [aged ≥18 years] had moderately active UC. Participants were randomly assigned to receive either prednisolone [40 mg daily, tapered by 5 mg every week] or tofacitinib [10 mg twice daily] for 8 weeks. The primary endpoint was composite remission [defined as total Mayo clinic score ≤2, with endoscopic sub-score of 0 and faecal calprotectin <100 µg/g] at 8 weeks. RESULTS Seventy-eight patients were randomly assigned to either of the treatment groups. At week 8, the proportion of patients achieving composite remission in the tofacitinib [7/43, 16.28%] and prednisolone groups [3/35, 8.57%] were not significantly different (odds ratio [OR] 2.07, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.49-8.70; p = 0.31). The time to achieve symptomatic remission [normal stool frequency with absence of rectal bleeding] was similar (10 days, interquartile range [IQR 7-18.75] and 10 days [IQR 5-12.5] for tofacitinib and prednisolone, respectively; p = 0.25) in the two groups. One patient each in the tofacitinib and prednisolone group discontinued treatment due to development of pulmonary tuberculosis and pustular acne, respectively. One patient receiving tofacitinib developed herpes zoster, but did not require cessation of therapy. No serious adverse events or major adverse cardiovascular events were observed. CONCLUSION In patients with moderately active UC, there was no difference in the efficacy and safety of tofacitinib and oral prednisolone for induction of remission at 8 weeks. TRAIL REGISTRATION Clinical Trials Registry of India [CTRI/2021/10/037641].
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshdeep Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Vandana Midha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Ramit Mahajan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Dharmatma Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Aditya Kohli
- Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | | | - Kriti Sood
- Department of Pediatrics, Government Medical College and Rajindra Hospital, Patiala, 147001, India
| | - Namita Bansal
- Research and Development Centre, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
| | - Ajit Sood
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab, 141001, India
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Kaur K, Kant S, Chaudary TK, Mehra A, Singh A, Attri S, Gasso S, Mahajan A, Bedi N. Bakuchiol nanoemulsion loaded electrospun nanofibers for the treatment of burn wounds. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024:10.1007/s00210-024-03011-z. [PMID: 38400898 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-024-03011-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
The present work aims to develop and evaluate the wound healing potential of bakuchiol nanoemulsion loaded electrospun scaffolds. Since oxidative stress and microbial burden leads the burn wounds to become chronic and fatal to patients, a phytoconstituent, bakuchiol (BAK), was screened on the basis of antioxidant and antimicrobial potential which also defined its dose. Furthermore, BAK was incorporated into a nanoemulsion to enhance its therapeutic efficacy, reduce its dosage frequency, and maximize its stability. The present study is inclined towards the collaborative interaction of natural products and novel drug delivery systems to develop safe and therapeutically efficient systems for burn wound healing. The optimized nanoemulsion showed excellent antioxidant and antimicrobial potential against wound susceptible pathogens, i.e., Candida albicans and Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus which was further loaded into gelatin based hydrogel and nanofibrous scaffold system. The mesh structure of scaffolds was chosen as a suitable carrier system for wound healing process not only because it offers resemblance to skin's anatomy but is also capable of providing uniform distribution of wound biomarkers across the skin. The prepared nanofibers were assessed for their analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and wound healing potential which was observed to be significantly better than its gel formulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Shubham Kant
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | | | - Anshula Mehra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Atamjit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Shivani Attri
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Sahil Gasso
- Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Aman Mahajan
- Department of Physics, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India
| | - Neena Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, 143005, India.
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Narayan V, Kumar M, Mahajan S, Ganesh V, Luthra A, Gupta T, Rawat A, Singh A, Vyas S, Narayanan V, Depuru A, Kaur K, Panda N, Bhagat H. The Role of Serum Matrix Metalloproteinase-9 as a Predictor of Delayed Cerebral Ischemia in Patients with Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. J Mol Neurosci 2024; 74:18. [PMID: 38315311 DOI: 10.1007/s12031-024-02194-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) is one of the major causes of a poor neurological outcome following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). Several biomarkers, including matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9), have been evaluated to predict the development of DCI for timely management. This prospective cohort study was done on 98 patients with aSAH presenting within 72 h of the ictus. Serum samples were collected preoperatively, 7 days after ictus, 10 days after ictus, or when the patient developed DCI, whichever was earlier. The primary objective was to correlate the serum MMP-9 levels with the development of DCI. The secondary objectives were to correlate the serum MMP-9 levels with sonographic vasospasm and the neurological outcome. There was no correlation between the serum MMP-9 levels and the development of DCI (p = 0.37). Similarly, there was no correlation between the serum MMP-9 levels and the sonographic vasospasm (0.05) nor with the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) at discharge (p = 0.27), mRS at 3 months (p = 0.22), and Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended (GOSE) at 3 months (p = 0.15). Serum MMP-9 levels do not predict the development of DCI following aSAH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinitha Narayan
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care 4th Floor, Nehru Hospital PGIMER, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Munish Kumar
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care 4th Floor, Nehru Hospital PGIMER, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Shalvi Mahajan
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care 4th Floor, Nehru Hospital PGIMER, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Venkata Ganesh
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care 4th Floor, Nehru Hospital PGIMER, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Ankur Luthra
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care 4th Floor, Nehru Hospital PGIMER, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Tulika Gupta
- Department of Anatomy, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amit Rawat
- Department of Pediatric Immunology, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Sameer Vyas
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, PGIMER, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vidhya Narayanan
- Department of Anesthesia, Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care 4th Floor, Nehru Hospital PGIMER, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Nidhi Panda
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care 4th Floor, Nehru Hospital PGIMER, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India
| | - Hemant Bhagat
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care 4th Floor, Nehru Hospital PGIMER, Sector 12, Chandigarh, 160012, India.
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Choudhary N, Kumar A, Sharma V, Kaur K, Singh Kharbanda P, Baishya J, Kumar D, Sharma A, Chakravarty K. Effectiveness of CBT for reducing depression and anxiety in people with epilepsy: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Epilepsy Behav 2024; 151:109608. [PMID: 38183927 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Patients with epilepsy suffer from depression and anxiety that reduces quality of life. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) among various non pharmacological treatment recommended for depression and anxiety. Since there are several articles reporting CBT treatment for depression in patients with epilepsy, we conduct a meta-analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of CBT for adult patients with epilepsy. METHODS Four electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Embase, and the Cochrane library searched for relevant studies. A detailed "RISK of bias" assessment has been done for included studies. Funnel plot was used for assessing publication Bias. R Software- RStudio 2022 was used to calculate standard mean difference (SMD). The study has been registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023447655). RESULTS Eventually, a Total 13 studies involving 1222 patients met the eligibility criteria. There was decline in the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ) [SMD = -0.42, 95 % CI = -0.63 to -0.22], Neurologic Disorder Depression Inventory-Epilepsy (NDDI-E) [SMD = -0.53, 95 % CI = -0.75 to -0.31], Beck depression Inventory (BDI) [SMD = -0.69, 95 % CI = -1.08 to -0.30], Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression (HADS-D) [SMD = -0.73 , 95 % CI = -0.94 to -0.52] and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale Anxiety subscale (HADS-A) [SMD = -0.66, 95 % CI = -0.87 to -0.45] score of the CBT group than that of the control group at post-intervention. The results showed that the improvement in QOLIE-31 score of the CBT group than that of the control group [SMD = 0.67, 95 % CI = 1.33] at post-intervention. CONCLUSION The result of our study showed that Cognitive behavioral therapy is a superior therapy for treating anxiety and depression in epilepsy patients. CBT was effective in improving Quality of life in patients with epilepsy. However, the sample size varied across the trials, additional high-quality studies are needed in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neetu Choudhary
- Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- National Institute of Nursing Education, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Vaishali Sharma
- Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | | | - Jitupam Baishya
- Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Devender Kumar
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Akhilesh Sharma
- Department of Psychiatry, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kamalesh Chakravarty
- Department of Neurology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
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Dharni K, Singh A, Sharma S, Midha V, Kaur K, Mahajan R, Dulai PS, Sood A. Trends of inflammatory bowel disease from the Global Burden of Disease Study (1990-2019). Indian J Gastroenterol 2024; 43:188-198. [PMID: 37783933 DOI: 10.1007/s12664-023-01430-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global burden of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is reportedly increasing. Methodologies and datasets are routinely updated, allowing for more accurate estimates to guide healthcare policy. METHODS The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries and Risk Factors Study (GBD) dataset was accessed and the trends in IBD at the global and regional levels from 1990 to 2019 were estimated for incidence, prevalence, deaths, years of life lost (YLL), years lived with disability (YLD) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) per 100,000 population. The three decadal trends of the disease measures were calculated. RESULTS In 2019, there were 4.9 million (95% Uncertainty Interval [UI] 4.3-5.5) cases of IBD globally. The age-standardized prevalence and incidence rates decreased from 73.23 (95% UI 63.8-83.6) and 6.1 (95% UI 5.3-6.9) in 1990 to 59.2 (95% UI 52.7-66.4) and 4.9 (95% UI 4.4-5.6) in 2019, respectively. Like prior estimates, the highest age-standardized prevalence and incidence rates occurred in North America, but the lowest rates were reported in Oceania (209.5 [195.4-224.4] and 24.5 [22.6-26.7] and 3.87 [3.1-4.7] and 0.5 [0.5-0.7], respectively) and not the Caribbean, as previously reported. High socio-demographic index (SDI) locations had the highest age-standardized prevalence rate, though the rates declined in 2019 compared to 1990. The age-standardized prevalence and incidence rates increased in middle, low middle and low SDI quintiles over the three decades. The age-standardized rates for deaths, DALYs, YLD and YLL decreased globally from 1990 to 2019. Between 1990 and 2019 the total number of patients with IBD in India doubled from 0.13 million (95% UI 0.10-0.16) to 0.27 million (95% UI 0.21-0.33) with age-standardized incidence rate increasing from 2.23 (95% UI 1.85-2.73) to 2.34 (95% UI 1.95-2.86). CONCLUSION This analysis of the GBD 2019 database demonstrates that the overall global burden of IBD is lower than previously estimated, but an increasing disease burden is observed in the middle and low-SDI locations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushdeep Dharni
- School of Business Studies, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 027, India
| | - Arshdeep Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, 141 001, India
| | - Sonika Sharma
- Department of Food and Nutrition, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, 141 027, India
| | - Vandana Midha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, 141 001, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, 141 001, India
| | - Ramit Mahajan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, 141 001, India
| | - Parambir S Dulai
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Feinberg School of Medicine Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Ajit Sood
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, 141 001, India.
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Kaur K, Srividya KS, Kabra N, Saranath R, Gurnani B, Venkatesh R. Patterns of ophthalmic emergencies presenting to a tertiary eye care hospital in India. Indian J Ophthalmol 2024; 72:296-297. [PMID: 38273691 PMCID: PMC10941940 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1578_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kirandeep Kaur
- Cataract, Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Pondicherry, India
| | | | - Neha Kabra
- Fellow Cornea, and Refractive Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Pondicherry, India
| | | | - Bharat Gurnani
- Cataract, Cornea, External Diseases, Trauma, Ocular Surface and Refractive Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Singh A, Kaur K, Mohana P, Singh K, Sharma A, Prajapati J, Goswami D, Khosla N, Kaur U, Kaur R, Kaur R, Rana A, Kour S, Ohri P, Arora S, Chadha R, Singh Bedi PM. The development of thymol-isatin hybrids as broad-spectrum antibacterial agents with potent anti-MRSA activity. RSC Med Chem 2024; 15:234-253. [PMID: 38283229 PMCID: PMC10809352 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00580a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial resistance toward available therapeutic agents has become a nightmare for the healthcare system, causing significant mortality as well as prolonged hospitalization, thereby needing the urgent attention of research groups working on antimicrobial drug development worldwide. Molecular hybridization is a well-established tool for developing multifunctional compounds to tackle drug resistance. Inspired by the antibacterial profiles of isatin and thymol, along with the efficiency of a triazole linker in molecular hybridization, herein, we report the design, synthesis and antibacterial activity of a novel series of triazole tethered thymol-isatin hybrids. Most of the hybrids exhibited a broad-spectrum antibacterial efficacy against standard human pathogenic as well as clinically isolated multidrug-resistant bacterial strains listed in the WHO's 'priority pathogen' list and also in the ESKAPE group. Among them, hybrid compound AS8 was the most effective against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MIC = 1.9 μM and MBC = 3.9 μM), exhibiting biofilm inhibitory potential. AS8 exhibited dehydrosqualene synthase (CrtM) inhibitory potential in MRSA and decreased the production of virulence factor staphyloxanthin, which is one of the key mechanisms of its anti-MRSA efficacy, which was further supported by molecular docking and simulation studies. Moreover, AS8 was found to be non-toxic and showed a potent in vivo antibacterial efficacy (90% survival at 10 mg kg-1) as well as a modulated immune response in the larva-based (Galleria mellonella) model of systemic infections. Overall findings confirmed that AS8 can be a promising candidate or take the lead in the treatment and further drug development against drug-resistant infectious diseases, especially against MRSA infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atamjit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Pallvi Mohana
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Karanvir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Jignesh Prajapati
- Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujrat University Ahmedabad Gujrat 380009 India
| | - Dweipayan Goswami
- Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujrat University Ahmedabad Gujrat 380009 India
| | - Neha Khosla
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Uttam Kaur
- University School of Business Management, Chandigarh University Gharuan 140413 India
| | - Rajanbir Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Rajinder Kaur
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Abhineet Rana
- EMC Super Speciality Hospital Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Sandeep Kour
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Puja Ohri
- Department of Zoology, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Renu Chadha
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Punjab University Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
- Drug and Pollution Testing Laboratory, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
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18
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Singh A, Singh K, Kaur K, Sharma A, Mohana P, Prajapati J, Kaur U, Goswami D, Arora S, Chadha R, Bedi PMS. Discovery of triazole tethered thymol/carvacrol-coumarin hybrids as new class of α-glucosidase inhibitors with potent in vivo antihyperglycemic activities. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 263:115948. [PMID: 37984299 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Keeping in view the inhibitory potential of monoterpenes thymol and carvacrol as well as coumarin nucleus against α-glucosidase, novel series of thymol/carvacrol-coumarin hybrids was designed, synthesized and evaluated for α-glucosidase inhibitory potential. Among the series of hybrid molecules, AS14 with IC50 value of 4.32 ± 0.11 μM was selective α-glucosidase inhibitor over α-amylase (IC50 = 37.36 ± 0.84 μM). AS14 was non-toxic toward mouse normal fibroblast cells (L929: IC50 > 100 μM). Molecular docking and dynamic simulation studies confirmed desired interactions of AS14 with α-glucosidase responsible for the inhibition of its catalysis capabilities. Acute oral toxicity study confirmed AS14 as safer molecule for in vivo pharmacological investigations with LD50 value of 300 mg/kg. AS14 also showed acute hypoglycaemic effects [reduction in blood glucose levels at 1 h of administration in maltose loading test (at 10 and 20 mg/kg by 62.65 % and 70.12 %) and sucrose loading test (at 10 and 20 mg/kg by 59.65 % and 60.23 %), respectively] as well as long term (28 days) fasting blood glucose reduction (At day 28: 10 mg/kg = 54.69 % and 20 mg/kg = 62.23 % reduction in fasting blood glucose levels) capabilities in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Overall study represents, AS14 as potential α-glucosidase inhibitor with adequate efficacy and safety profile and act as an effective hit lead for the further development of potent and safer α-glucosidase inhibitors for the management of postprandial hyperglycemia in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atamjit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
| | - Karanvir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Pallvi Mohana
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Jignesh Prajapati
- Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujrat University, Ahmedabad, Gujrat, 380009, India
| | - Uttam Kaur
- University School of Business Management, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, 140413, India
| | - Dweipayan Goswami
- Department of Microbiology & Biotechnology, University School of Sciences, Gujrat University, Ahmedabad, Gujrat, 380009, India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Renu Chadha
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Punjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India; Drug and Pollution Testing Laboratory, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
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Kaur K, Gurnani B. Manual small-incision cataract surgery - A stepping stone toward self-independent cataract surgeons. Indian J Ophthalmol 2024; 72:140. [PMID: 38131590 PMCID: PMC10841779 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1581_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kirandeep Kaur
- Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Bharat Gurnani
- Cornea and Refractive Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
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20
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Gurnani B, Kaur K. Rare coexistence of Mittendorf dot with persistent hyaloid artery in a young Asian child. J Fr Ophtalmol 2024; 47:103933. [PMID: 37658031 DOI: 10.1016/j.jfo.2023.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- B Gurnani
- Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki Kund, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya Hospital, 485334 Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - K Kaur
- Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki Kund, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya Hospital, 485334 Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Attri S, Kumar A, Kaur K, Kaur P, Punj S, Bedi N, Tuli HS, Arora S. Retraction Note: Assessment of anti-psoriatic activity of bakuchiol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles-based gel: design, characterization, and mechanistic insight via NF-kB signaling pathway. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2024; 397:633. [PMID: 37987798 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02860-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Attri
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Prabhjot Kaur
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sanha Punj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Neena Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College (Deemed to be University), Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
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Gurnani B, Kaur K, Chaudhary S, Kaur RP, Nayak S, Mishra D, Balakrishnan H, Parkash RO, Morya AK, Porwal A. Pediatric corneal transplantation: techniques, challenges, and outcomes. Ther Adv Ophthalmol 2024; 16:25158414241237906. [PMID: 38533487 PMCID: PMC10964464 DOI: 10.1177/25158414241237906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pediatric corneal transplant is a highly demanding and technically challenging procedure for the cornea surgeon in today's era. These cases pose unique challenges in clinical and surgical management. The indications of pediatric corneal transplant can be therapeutic, tectonic, optical, and cosmetic. Pediatric patients undergoing corneal transplants are at a high risk of graft infection, failure, rejection, dehiscence, and amblyopia due to young age, robust immune system, increased incidence of trauma, and compliance issues. The other factors contributing to graft failure can be allograft rejection, secondary glaucoma, corneal vascularization, multiple surgeries, vitreous prolapse, and lack of treatment compliance. A successful corneal transplant in children depends on meticulous preoperative evaluation, uneventful surgery, the expertise of a corneal surgeon, and regular and timely postoperative follow-up. Therapeutic and optical penetrating keratoplasty are the most commonly performed transplants in children. However, with the advancements in surgical technique and management protocol, the current focus has shifted toward lamellar keratoplasty. Lamellar keratoplasty offers early visual recovery and potentially fewer complications. Visual rehabilitation through corneal transplant in otherwise blind eyes can be a boon for the children. Recently, keratoprostheses have been promising in children with multiple graft failures. The current review gives insights into epidemiology, etiology, indications, clinical characteristics, investigations, management options, recent advances, and the future of pediatric corneal transplants. As surgical techniques continue to grow and comprehension of pediatric corneal transplants is improving, we can safeguard these eyes with the best possible anatomical and functional outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Cataract, Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, India
- ASG Eye Hospital, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India
| | | | | | - Swatishree Nayak
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Raipur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Deepak Mishra
- Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | | | - Arvind Kumar Morya
- Cataract, Glaucoma, Refractive, Squint Paediatric Ophthalmology and Medical Retina Services, Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bibinagar, Hyderabad, Telangana, India
| | - Amit Porwal
- Head of the Department, Glaucoma Services, Choitram Netralaya, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Gurnani B, Kaur K. Molecular and epigenetic mechanisms governing ocular surface squamous neoplasia: opportunities for diagnostics. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2023:1-15. [PMID: 38131180 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2023.2298681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ocular surface squamous neoplasia (OSSN) is the most common ocular malignancy; the pathophysiology is influenced by molecular, genetic, and epigenetic mechanisms. The incidence of OSSN is associated with the anatomy and physiology of the ocular surface, limbal stem cell configuration, limbal vulnerability, cancer stem cells, dysplasia, neoplasia, angiogenesis, invasion, and metastasis. The key etiological factors involved are human papillomavirus (HPV), human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), immunosuppression, p53 tumor suppressor gene, hypovitaminosis A, and failure of Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) repair mechanisms. AREAS COVERED This special report is a focussed attempt to understand the molecular mechanism, genetic and epigenetic mechanism, and diagnostic modalities for OSSN. EXPERT OPINION While these mechanisms contribute to genome instability, promoter-specific hypermethylation might facilitate and promote tumor formation by silencing tumor suppressor genes. OSSN understanding has improved with increased literature available on various genetic, molecular, and epigenetic mechanisms, although the exact genetic and epigenetic mechanisms still need to be elucidated. It is important to note that the molecular mechanisms of OSSN can vary among individuals, and further research is required to elucidate the underlying processes fully. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for the development of targeted therapies and improved management of OSSN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gurnani
- Cataract, Cornea, Refractive Services, Trauma, External Diseases, Contact Lens and Ocular Surface, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Chitrakoot, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Children Eye Care Centre, Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki Kund, Chitrakoot, India
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Singh A, Goyal MK, Midha V, Mahajan R, Kaur K, Gupta YK, Singh D, Bansal N, Kaur R, Kalra S, Goyal O, Mehta V, Sood A. Tofacitinib in acute severe ulcerative colitis (TACOS): A randomized controlled trial: Tofacitinib in ASUC. Am J Gastroenterol 2023:00000434-990000000-00963. [PMID: 38131615 DOI: 10.14309/ajg.0000000000002635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intravenous corticosteroids are the mainstay of treatment of patients hospitalized with acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC). However, 30%-40% of the patients are refractory to corticosteroids. We investigated whether addition of tofacitinib to corticosteroids improved the treatment responsiveness in patients with ASUC. METHODS This single center, double blind, placebo controlled trial randomized adult patients with ASUC (defined by Truelove Witts severity criteria) to receive either tofacitinib (10 mg thrice daily) or a matching placebo for 7 days while continuing intravenous corticosteroids (hydrocortisone 100 mg q6h). The primary end point was response to treatment (decline in Lichtiger index by >3 points, and an absolute score <10 for 2 consecutive days without the need for rescue therapy) by day 7. The key secondary outcome was the cumulative probability of requiring initiation of infliximab or undergoing colectomy within 90 days following randomization. All analyses were done in the intention-to-treat population. RESULTS A total of 104 patients were randomly assigned to a treatment group (53 to tofacitinib and 51 to placebo). At day 7, response to treatment was achieved in 44/53 (83.01%) patients receiving tofacitinib versus 30/51 (58.82%) patients receiving placebo (OR 3.42, 95% CI 1.37-8.48, p=0.007). The need for rescue therapy by day 7 was lower in the tofacitinib arm (OR 0.27, 95% CI 0.09-0.78, p=0.01). The cumulative probability of need for rescue therapy at day 90 was 0.13 in patients who received tofacitinib vs 0.38 in patients receiving placebo (Log Rank p=0.003). The majority of the treatment related adverse effects were mild. One patient, receiving tofacitinib, developed dural venous sinus thrombosis. CONCLUSION In patients with ASUC, combination of tofacitinib and corticosteroids improved treatment responsiveness and decreased the need for rescue therapy. Trial registration number: ISRCTN42182437.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshdeep Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. 141001
| | - Manjeet Kumar Goyal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. 141001
| | - Vandana Midha
- Department of Internal Medicine, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. 141001
| | - Ramit Mahajan
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. 141001
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. 141001
| | - Yogesh Kumar Gupta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. 141001
| | - Dharmatma Singh
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. 141001
| | - Namita Bansal
- Research and Development Centre, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. 141001
| | - Ramandeep Kaur
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. 141001
| | - Shivam Kalra
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. 141001
| | - Omesh Goyal
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. 141001
| | - Varun Mehta
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. 141001
| | - Ajit Sood
- Department of Gastroenterology, Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana, Punjab, India. 141001
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Kaur K, Sharma G, Dwivedi R, Nehra A, Parajuli N, Upadhyay AD, Deepak KK, Jat MS, Ramanujam B, Sagar R, Mohanty S, Tripathi M. Effectiveness of Yoga Intervention in Reducing Felt Stigma in Adults With Epilepsy: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Neurology 2023; 101:e2388-e2400. [PMID: 37940550 PMCID: PMC10752634 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0000000000207944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/10/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES Persons with epilepsy are afflicted with comorbidities such as stigma, anxiety, and depression which have a significant impact on their quality of life. These comorbidities remain largely unaddressed in resource-limited countries. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) aimed to investigate whether yoga and psychoeducation were effective in reducing felt stigma (primary outcome), neuropsychiatric outcomes, and seizure frequency, as compared with sham yoga and psychoeducation in persons with epilepsy. METHODS This was an assessor-blinded, sham yoga-controlled RCT. Patients clinically diagnosed with epilepsy, aged 18-60 years, and scoring higher than the cutoff score for felt stigma as measured by the Kilifi Stigma Scale (KSS) in our population were randomly assigned to receive either yoga therapy plus psychoeducation (intervention) or sham yoga therapy plus psychoeducation (comparator) for a duration of 3 months. The primary outcome was a significant decrease in felt stigma as compared with the comparator arm as measured by the KSS. Primary and secondary outcomes (seizure frequency, quality of life, anxiety, depression, mindfulness, trait rumination, cognitive impairment, emotion regulation) were assessed at baseline, 3 months, and 6 months. Parametric/nonparametric analysis of covariance and the χ2 test were used to compare the 2 arms. RESULTS A total of 160 patients were enrolled in the trial. At the end of the follow-up period (6 months), the intervention arm reported significant reduction in felt stigma as compared with the control arm (Cohen's d = 0.23, 95% CI -0.08 to 0.55, p = 0.006). Significantly higher odds of >50% seizure reduction (odds ratio [OR] 4.11, 95% CI 1.34-14.69, p = 0.01) and complete seizure remission (OR 7.4, 95% CI 1.75-55.89, p = 0.005) were also observed in the intervention group. The intervention group showed significant improvement in symptoms of anxiety, cognitive impairment, mindfulness, and quality of life relative to the control group at the end of follow-up period (p < 0.05). DISCUSSION Yoga can alleviate the burden of epilepsy and improve the overall quality of life in epilepsy by reducing perceived stigma. TRIAL REGISTRATION INFORMATION Clinical Trials Registry of India (CTRI/2017/04/008385). CLASSIFICATION OF EVIDENCE This study provides Class I evidence that yoga reduces felt stigma in adult patients with epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirandeep Kaur
- From the Department of Neurology (K.K., R.D., B.R., M.T.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; MEG Resource Facility (K.K.), National Brain Research Institute, Manesar; Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research (G.S., N.P., M.S.J., S.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.S.), Department of Neuropsychology (A.N.), Department of Biostatistics (A.D.U.), Department of Physiology (K.K.D.), and Department of Psychiatry (R.S.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Gautam Sharma
- From the Department of Neurology (K.K., R.D., B.R., M.T.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; MEG Resource Facility (K.K.), National Brain Research Institute, Manesar; Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research (G.S., N.P., M.S.J., S.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.S.), Department of Neuropsychology (A.N.), Department of Biostatistics (A.D.U.), Department of Physiology (K.K.D.), and Department of Psychiatry (R.S.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rekha Dwivedi
- From the Department of Neurology (K.K., R.D., B.R., M.T.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; MEG Resource Facility (K.K.), National Brain Research Institute, Manesar; Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research (G.S., N.P., M.S.J., S.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.S.), Department of Neuropsychology (A.N.), Department of Biostatistics (A.D.U.), Department of Physiology (K.K.D.), and Department of Psychiatry (R.S.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashima Nehra
- From the Department of Neurology (K.K., R.D., B.R., M.T.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; MEG Resource Facility (K.K.), National Brain Research Institute, Manesar; Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research (G.S., N.P., M.S.J., S.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.S.), Department of Neuropsychology (A.N.), Department of Biostatistics (A.D.U.), Department of Physiology (K.K.D.), and Department of Psychiatry (R.S.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Niranjan Parajuli
- From the Department of Neurology (K.K., R.D., B.R., M.T.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; MEG Resource Facility (K.K.), National Brain Research Institute, Manesar; Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research (G.S., N.P., M.S.J., S.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.S.), Department of Neuropsychology (A.N.), Department of Biostatistics (A.D.U.), Department of Physiology (K.K.D.), and Department of Psychiatry (R.S.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Ashish D Upadhyay
- From the Department of Neurology (K.K., R.D., B.R., M.T.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; MEG Resource Facility (K.K.), National Brain Research Institute, Manesar; Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research (G.S., N.P., M.S.J., S.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.S.), Department of Neuropsychology (A.N.), Department of Biostatistics (A.D.U.), Department of Physiology (K.K.D.), and Department of Psychiatry (R.S.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Kishore K Deepak
- From the Department of Neurology (K.K., R.D., B.R., M.T.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; MEG Resource Facility (K.K.), National Brain Research Institute, Manesar; Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research (G.S., N.P., M.S.J., S.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.S.), Department of Neuropsychology (A.N.), Department of Biostatistics (A.D.U.), Department of Physiology (K.K.D.), and Department of Psychiatry (R.S.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Man S Jat
- From the Department of Neurology (K.K., R.D., B.R., M.T.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; MEG Resource Facility (K.K.), National Brain Research Institute, Manesar; Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research (G.S., N.P., M.S.J., S.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.S.), Department of Neuropsychology (A.N.), Department of Biostatistics (A.D.U.), Department of Physiology (K.K.D.), and Department of Psychiatry (R.S.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Bhargavi Ramanujam
- From the Department of Neurology (K.K., R.D., B.R., M.T.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; MEG Resource Facility (K.K.), National Brain Research Institute, Manesar; Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research (G.S., N.P., M.S.J., S.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.S.), Department of Neuropsychology (A.N.), Department of Biostatistics (A.D.U.), Department of Physiology (K.K.D.), and Department of Psychiatry (R.S.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Sagar
- From the Department of Neurology (K.K., R.D., B.R., M.T.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; MEG Resource Facility (K.K.), National Brain Research Institute, Manesar; Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research (G.S., N.P., M.S.J., S.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.S.), Department of Neuropsychology (A.N.), Department of Biostatistics (A.D.U.), Department of Physiology (K.K.D.), and Department of Psychiatry (R.S.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Sriloy Mohanty
- From the Department of Neurology (K.K., R.D., B.R., M.T.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; MEG Resource Facility (K.K.), National Brain Research Institute, Manesar; Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research (G.S., N.P., M.S.J., S.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.S.), Department of Neuropsychology (A.N.), Department of Biostatistics (A.D.U.), Department of Physiology (K.K.D.), and Department of Psychiatry (R.S.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Manjari Tripathi
- From the Department of Neurology (K.K., R.D., B.R., M.T.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi; MEG Resource Facility (K.K.), National Brain Research Institute, Manesar; Centre for Integrative Medicine and Research (G.S., N.P., M.S.J., S.M.), Department of Cardiology (G.S.), Department of Neuropsychology (A.N.), Department of Biostatistics (A.D.U.), Department of Physiology (K.K.D.), and Department of Psychiatry (R.S.), All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
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Gurnani B, Kaur K, Tandon A. Letter Regarding: Randomized Double-Masked Placebo-Controlled Trial for the Management of Pythium Keratitis: Combination of Antibiotics Versus Monotherapy. Cornea 2023; 42:e22-e23. [PMID: 37487172 DOI: 10.1097/ico.0000000000003350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gurnani
- Cataract, Cornea, Refractive Services, Trauma, External Diseases, and Ocular Surface, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki Kund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Children Eye Care Centre, Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki Kund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Astha Tandon
- Cornea and Refractive Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki Kund,, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Gurnani B, Kaur K. Re: Dot et al.: Incidence of retinal detachment, macular edema, and ocular hypertension after neodymium:yttrium-aluminum-garnet capsulotomy: a population-based nationwide study-The French YAG 2 Study (Ophthalmology. 2022;130:478-487). Ophthalmology 2023; 130:e43. [PMID: 37737811 DOI: 10.1016/j.ophtha.2023.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gurnani
- Ocular Surface and Refractive Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki Kund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India.
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Ocular Surface and Refractive Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki Kund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Maling S, Kaur K, Gurnani B. Should there be global standards in ophthalmology training? Eye (Lond) 2023; 37:3710-3711. [PMID: 37248428 PMCID: PMC10697952 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-023-02582-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Maling
- Buckinghamshire Healthcare Trust, Stoke Mandeville Hospital, Aylesbury, UK.
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janakikund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, 485334, India
| | - Bharat Gurnani
- Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janakikund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, 485334, India.
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Ankolekar RR, Kaur K, Jangra K, Aggarwal A, Panda NB, Bhagat H, Barik AK. Propofol versus Desflurane in Moyamoya Disease Patients-A Pilot Study. Asian J Neurosurg 2023; 18:826-830. [PMID: 38161613 PMCID: PMC10756770 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1775588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives The choice of inhalational or intravenous anesthetic agents is debatable in neurosurgical patients. Desflurane, a cerebral vasodilator, may be advantageous in ischemic cerebral pathologies. Hence, we planned to compare desflurane and propofol in patients with moyamoya disease (MMD) with the objective of comparing neurological outcomes. Materials and Methods This prospective pilot trial was initiated after institutional ethics committee approval. Patients with MMD undergoing revascularization surgery were randomized into two groups receiving either desflurane or propofol intraoperatively. Neurological outcomes were assessed using a modified Rankin score (mRS) at discharge and an extended Glasgow outcome score (GOS-E) at 1 month. Intraoperative parameters, including hemodynamic parameters, end-tidal carbon dioxide, entropy, intraoperative brain relaxation scores (BRS), and rescue measures for brain relaxation, were compared. Statistical Analysis The normality of quantitative data was checked using Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests of normality. Normally distributed data were compared using unpaired t -tests, skewed data using Mann-Whitney U tests, and categorical variables using chi-squared tests. Results A total of 17 patients were randomized, 10 in the desflurane and 7 in the propofol group. mRS (1.3 ± 0.6 and 1.14 ± 0.4, p = 0.450) and GOS-E (6.7 ± 0.6 and 6.85 ± 0.5, p = 0.45) were comparable between desflurane and propofol groups, respectively. BRS was significantly higher in the desflurane group (3.6 ± 0.5) compared to the propofol group (2.1 ± 0.3, p = 0.001), with a significant number of patients requiring rescue measures in the desflurane group (70%, p < 0.001). Other outcome parameters were comparable ( p > 0.05). Conclusion We conclude that postoperative neurological outcomes were comparable with using either an anesthetic agent, desflurane, or propofol in MMD patients undergoing revascularization surgery. Maintenance of anesthesia with propofol had significantly superior surgical field conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronak R. Ankolekar
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
- Senior Registrar Department of Critical Care Medicine, Narayana Health, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Kiran Jangra
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Ashish Aggarwal
- Department of Neurosurgery, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Nidhi B. Panda
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Hemant Bhagat
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - Amiya K. Barik
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Gurnani B, Kaur K. Understanding barriers, recommended solutions, and future prospects for the diagnosis and management of Pythium insidiosum keratitis. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:3584-3586. [PMID: 37991287 PMCID: PMC10788758 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_1041_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Pythium insidiosum keratitis (PIK) is a devastating corneal infection resulting in blindness in a large number of cases. Clinically and morphologically, it closely mimics fungal keratitis, and hence is also labeled as "parafungus." Although many clinical studies have documented evidence regarding the virulence of microorganism, and anatomical and functional outcomes, it remains a clinical challenge and diagnostic dilemma for most clinicians. Till today, PIK is being diagnosed and treated with certainty at only limited centers across the globe. But the question is why this is so? Taking this as the research question, this section on current ophthalmology aims to highlight the understanding of barriers to diagnosing and treating PIK, the suggestions to improve diagnosis and treatment, and the future prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gurnani
- Cataract, Cornea, Trauma, External Disease, Ocular Surface and Refractive Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Cataract, Pediatrics Ophthalmology and Strabismus Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Patyal M, Kaur K, Bala N, Gupta N, Malik AK. Innovative lanthanide complexes: Shaping the future of cancer/ tumor chemotherapy. J Trace Elem Med Biol 2023; 80:127277. [PMID: 37572546 DOI: 10.1016/j.jtemb.2023.127277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/14/2023]
Abstract
Developing new therapeutic and diagnostic metals and metal complexes is a stunning example of how inorganic chemistry is rapidly becoming an essential part of modern medicine. More study of bio-coordination chemistry is needed to improve the design of compounds with fewer harmful side effects. Metal-containing drugs are widely utilized in the treatment of cancer. Platinum complexes are effective against some cancers, but new coordination compounds are being created with improved pharmacological properties and a broader spectrum of anticancer action. The coordination complexes of the 15 lanthanides or rare earth elements in the periodic table are crucial for diagnosing and treating cancer. Understanding and treating cancer requires the detection of binding lanthanide (III) ions or complexes to DNA and breaking DNA by these complexes. Current advances in lanthanide-based coordination complexes as anticancer treatments over the past five years are discussed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Patyal
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Neeraj Bala
- Department of Chemistry, Patel Memorial National College, Punjab, India
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India.
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Singh A, Singh K, Sharma A, Kaur K, Chadha R, Singh Bedi PM. Past, present and future of xanthine oxidase inhibitors: design strategies, structural and pharmacological insights, patents and clinical trials. RSC Med Chem 2023; 14:2155-2191. [PMID: 37974965 PMCID: PMC10650961 DOI: 10.1039/d3md00316g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Xanthine oxidase, a molybdo-flavoenzyme, and an isoform of xanthine dehydrogenase both exist as xanthine oxidoreductase and are responsible for purine catabolism. Xanthine oxidase is more involved in pathological conditions when extensively modulated. Elevation of xanthine oxidase is not only the prime cause of gout but is also responsible for various hyperuricemia associated pathological conditions like diabetes, chronic wounds, cardiovascular disorders, Alzheimer's disease, etc. Currently available xanthine oxidase inhibitors in clinical practice (allopurinol, febuxostat and topiroxostat) suffer from fatal side effects that pose a serious problem to the healthcare system, raising global emergency to develop novel, potent and safer xanthine oxidase inhibitors. This review will provide key and systematic information about: a. design strategies (inspired from both marketed drugs in clinical practice and natural products), structural insights and pharmacological output (xanthine oxidase inhibition and associated activities) of various pre-clinical candidates reported by various research groups across the globe in the past two decades; b. patented xanthine oxidase inhibitors published in the last three decades and c. clinical trials and their outcomes on approved drug candidates. Information generated in this review has suggested fragment-based drug design (FBDD) and molecular hybridization techniques to be most suitable for development of desired xanthine oxidase inhibitors as one provides high selectivity toward the enzyme and the other imparts multifunctional properties to the structure and both may possess capabilities to surpass the limitations of currently available clinical drugs. All in combination will exclusively update researchers working on xanthine oxidase inhibitors and allied areas and potentially help in designing rational, novel, potent and safer xanthine oxidase inhibitors that can effectively tackle xanthine oxidase related disease conditions and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atamjit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Karanvir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
| | - Renu Chadha
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University Chandigarh 160014 India
| | - Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
- Drug and Pollution Testing Laboratory, Guru Nanak Dev University Amritsar Punjab 143005 India
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Kaur K, Gurnani B. Targeting the blind years, not the blind eyes - Need to update current pediatric ophthalmology practices. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:3573-3574. [PMID: 37870029 PMCID: PMC10752306 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_838_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Bharat Gurnani
- Department of Cornea, External Diseases, Trauma and Refractive Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya and Postgraduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Patyal M, Verma D, Kaur K, Gupta N, Malik AK. Development of a novel green catalyzed nanostructured Cu(II) macrocyclic complex-based disposable electrochemical sensor for sensitive detection of bisphenol A in environmental samples. Environ Pollut 2023; 336:122420. [PMID: 37611790 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 07/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023]
Abstract
BPA is an endocrine disruptor and the leading environmental pollutant due to its use as raw material in industries. Therefore, the present work reports the sensitive, efficient, and disposable electrochemical paper-based SPE for determining the BPA sensor using an amide-based macrocyclic complex (nanostructured complex of copper acetate with macrocyclic ligand, i.e., CuL (CH3COO)2) synthesized using Citrus limon (lemon) extract via sonication for the first time. The structural, morphological, and electrochemical analyses have been characterized by mass spectroscopy, FTIR, UV-Vis, XRD, FESEM-EDX, elemental mapping and electrochemical techniques. The sensor platform for detecting BPA was fabricated by simple drop-casting on the disposable paper-based SPE using macrocyclic complex, i.e., CuL (CH3COO)2/SPE. After optimizing the conditions, CuL (CH3COO)2/SPE electrode was employed for determining BPA via CV with a wide linear range of 31 × 10-9 μM-0.205 μM, low LOD of 0.027 nM, and high sensitivity of 49.71 μA (log nM)-1 cm-2 having correlation coefficient (R2) of 0.976 which is quite better in compared to other reported SPE sensor for detection of BPA. Further, our sensor also showed good selectivity and reproducibility, in addition to detecting BPA in environmental samples (tube well water, river water and drain water) with acceptable recoveries and RSDs values. In this work, the combination of macrocyclic complex and paper-based SPE has turned out to be a cost-effective electrochemical sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meenakshi Patyal
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Damini Verma
- Special Centre for Nanoscience, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India
| | - Nidhi Gupta
- Department of Chemistry, Punjabi University, Patiala, Punjab, India.
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Thapa S, Kaur K, Yadav GK, Kumari D, Phulware RH. Non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome (NIPHS)/Nesidioblastosis as the underlying cause of recurrent hypoglycemia in a diabetic adult. Autops Case Rep 2023; 13:e2023451. [PMID: 38034512 PMCID: PMC10687782 DOI: 10.4322/acr.2023.451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome (NIPHS), without previous bariatric surgery, is a rare form of hypoglycemia in adult patients and is associated with nesidioblastosis. Adult-onset nesidioblastosis in diabetic patients is rare and histologically identical to "non-insulinoma pancreatogenous hypoglycemia syndrome (NIPHS)". Nesidioblastosis is rare in adults and clinically and biochemically mimics Insulinoma. In the literature, there have only been four cases of adult nesidioblastosis that followed diabetes mellitus. We report a case of nesidioblastosis in a 36-year-old diabetic female presenting with dizziness, sweating, and palpitations for three years. Selective non-invasive techniques failed to detect a tumor. Based on the pursuit of an insulinoma, a distal pancreatectomy specimen was received at our laboratory, and a diagnosis of nesidioblastosis was made. She is currently on follow-up with a favorable outcome. The definitive diagnosis of nesidioblastosis is made on a histological basis. The preferred form of treatment is pancreatic surgical resection. Nesidioblastosis should be taken into consideration in cases where diabetes transforms into hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samikshya Thapa
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences AIIMS, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Gajendra Kumar Yadav
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences AIIMS, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Divya Kumari
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences AIIMS, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ravi Hari Phulware
- All India Institute of Medical Sciences AIIMS, Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India
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Singh M, Singh H, Kaur K, Shubhankar S, Singh S, Kaur A, Singh P. Characterization and regulation of salt upregulated cyclophilin from a halotolerant strain of Penicillium oxalicum. Sci Rep 2023; 13:17433. [PMID: 37833355 PMCID: PMC10575979 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-44606-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Penicillium species are an industrially important group of fungi. Cyclophilins are ubiquitous proteins and several members of this family exhibit peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase (PPIase) activity. We had earlier demonstrated that the salt-induced PPIase activity in a halotolerant strain of P. oxalicum was associated with enhanced expression of a cyclophilin gene, PoxCYP18. Cloning and characterization of PoxCYP18 revealed that its cDNA consists of 522 bp encoding a protein of 173 amino acid residues, with predicted molecular mass and pI values of 18.91 kDa and 8.87, respectively. The recombinant PoxCYP18 can catalyze cis-trans isomerization of peptidyl-prolyl bond with a catalytic efficiency of 1.46 × 107 M-1 s-1 and is inhibited specifically only by cyclosporin A, with an inhibition constant of 5.04 ± 1.13 nM. PoxCYP18 consists of two cysteine residues at positions - 45 and - 170, and loses its activity under oxidizing conditions. Substitution of these residues alone or together by site-directed mutagenesis revealed that the PPIase activity of PoxCYP18 is regulated through a redox mechanism involving the formation of disulfide linkages. Heterologous expression of PoxCYP18 conferred enhanced tolerance to salt stress in transgenic E. coli cells, implying that this protein imparts protection to cellular processes against salt-induced damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mangaljeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Harpreet Singh
- Department of Bioinformatics, Hans Raj Mahila Maha Vidyalaya, Jalandhar, Punjab, 144008, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Shubhankar Shubhankar
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Supreet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Amarjeet Kaur
- Department of Microbiology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Prabhjeet Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
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Kaur K, Muralikrishnan J, Hussaindeen JR, Deori N, Gurnani B. Impact of Covid-19 on Pediatric Ophthalmology Care: Lessons Learned. Pediatric Health Med Ther 2023; 14:309-321. [PMID: 37849985 PMCID: PMC10578174 DOI: 10.2147/phmt.s395349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/19/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic came with many new challenges that forced personal and professional lifestyle modifications. Medical facilities were in scarcity against this new unknown enemy and were challenged with the overloaded patient flow, scarcity of healthcare staff, and evolving treatment modalities with a better understanding of the virus each day. Ophthalmology as a "branch of medicine" suffered challenges initially because of a lack of guidelines for patient management, close working distance during routine examinations, and halt of major surgeries, including cataracts. Pediatric ophthalmology had major implications, as reduced outpatient visits would mean deeper amblyopia, and changed lifestyles, including online classes and home refinement, predisposing children to myopia, digital eye strain, and worsening of strabismus. COVID-19 also unveiled underlying accommodation and convergence anomalies that predisposed pediatric and adolescent patients to an increased prevalence of headache and acute onset esotropia. Teleophthalmology and other innovative solutions, including the use of prism glasses, safe slit-lamp shields, alternative ways of school screening with the use of photoscreeners, performing retinoscopy only when needed, and using autorefractors were among the few guidelines or modifications adopted which helped in the efficient and safe management of pediatric patients. Many pediatric ophthalmologists also suffered in terms of financial constraints due to loss of salary or even closure of private practices. School screening and retinopathy of prematurity screening suffered a great setback and costed a lot of vision years, data of which remains under-reported. Important implications and learnings from the pandemic to mitigate future similar situations include using teleophthalmology and virtual platforms for the triage of patients, managing non-emergency conditions without physical consultations, and utilizing home-based vision assessment techniques customized for different age groups. Though this pandemic had a lot of negative implications, the innovations, modifications, and other important learnings helped pediatric ophthalmologists in navigating safely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirandeep Kaur
- Children Eye Care Center, Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Janani Muralikrishnan
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Aravind Eye Hospital, Chennai, India
| | | | - Nilutparna Deori
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Sri Sankaradeva Nethralaya, Guwahati, Assam, India
| | - Bharat Gurnani
- Department of Cornea and Refractive Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Kaur K, Singh A, Monga A, Mohana P, Khosla N, Bedi N. Antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of shikonin with tea tree oil nanoemulsion against Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus. Biofouling 2023; 39:962-979. [PMID: 38009008 DOI: 10.1080/08927014.2023.2281511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/04/2023] [Indexed: 11/28/2023]
Abstract
The current work aims to develop a shikonin and tea tree oil loaded nanoemulsion system stabilized by a mixture of GRAS grade surfactants (Tween 20 and monoolein) and a cosurfactant (Transcutol P). This system was designed to address the poor aqueous solubility and photostability issues of shikonin. The authenticity of shikonin employed in this study was confirmed using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The optimized nanoemulsion exhibited highly favorable characteristics in terms of zeta potential (-23.8 mV), polydispersity index (0.216) and particle size (22.97 nm). These findings were corroborated by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) micrographs which confirmed the spherical and uniform nature of the nanoemulsion globules. Moreover, attenuated total reflectance (ATR) and X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD) analysis affirmed improved chemical stability and amorphization, respectively. Photodegradation studies were performed by exposing pure shikonin and the developed nanoemulsion to ultraviolet light for 1 h using a UV lamp, followed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The results confirmed that the developed nanoemulsion system imparts photoprotection to pure shikonin in the encapsulated system. Furthermore, the research investigated the effect of the nanoemulsion on biofilms formed by Candida albicans and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Scanning electron microscopy, florescence microscopy and phase contrast microscopy unveiled a remarkable reduction in biofilm area, accompanied by disruptions in the cell wall and abnormalities on the cell surface of the tested microorganisms. In conclusion, the nanoencapsulation of shikonin with tea tree oil as the lipid phase showcased significantly enhanced antimicrobial and antibiofilm potential compared to pure shikonin against resistant strains of Candida albicans and Staphylococcus aureus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Atamjit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Aditi Monga
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Pallvi Mohana
- Department of Botanical and Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Neha Khosla
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
| | - Neena Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, India
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Balamurugan S, Kaur K, Gurnani B, Agrawal A. Bilateral acute vision loss as the initial presentation of chronic myeloid leukemia in a young female. Indian J Cancer 2023; 60:578-582. [PMID: 38206079 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_573_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/16/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a hematological malignancy characterized by structural/functional changes and increased neutrophils. Rarely, ophthalmic manifestations are the first clue toward underlying pathology. We report a case of a 34-year-old woman who presented with sudden-onset diminution of vision in both eyes. On examination, she was diagnosed with panuveitis in the right eye and choroiditis in the left eye. Further investigations revealed an underlying CML in the accelerated phase. The patient was managed with systemic immunomodulators along with topical and periocular steroids. Prompt diagnosis and management in collaboration with an oncologist and hematologist helped us achieve a good outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sivaraman Balamurugan
- Department of Uvea Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Thavalakuppam, Cuddalore Main Road, Pondicherry, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Aravind Eye Hospital, Thavalakuppam, Cuddalore Main Road, Pondicherry, India
| | - Bharat Gurnani
- Department of Cornea and Refractive Services, Aravind Eye Hospital, Thavalakuppam, Cuddalore Main Road, Pondicherry, India
| | - Anushri Agrawal
- Department of General Ophthalmology, Aravind Eye Hospital, Thavalakuppam, Cuddalore Main Road, Pondicherry, India
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Gurnani B, Kaur K. Re: Improving the patient decision making experience for cataract surgery during the COVID-19 era. Can J Ophthalmol 2023; 58:505. [PMID: 37156475 PMCID: PMC10106816 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcjo.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/12/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
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Attri S, Kumar A, Kaur K, Kaur P, Punj S, Bedi N, Tuli HS, Arora S. Assessment of anti-psoriatic activity of bakuchiol-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles-based gel: design, characterization, and mechanistic insight via NF-kB signaling pathway. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2023; 396:2105-2125. [PMID: 36929274 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02445-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
The aim of the current study is to evaluate the anti-psoriatic potential of bakuchiol (Bak) loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (SLNs) via modulating inflammatory and oxidative pathways. Bak-loaded SLNs were prepared using hot homogenization method and characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. Bak-SLNs suspension was formulated into gel using Carbopol. Different in vivo assays were executed to explore the role of inflammatory markers and oxidative enzymes in psoriasis. DLS (dynamic light scattering) analysis showed suitable particle size, zeta potential, and polydispersity index (PDI) of developed formulation. TEM (transmission electron microscopy) reveal the spherical shape of Bak-SLNs particles. The release studies confirmed the sustained release of Bak-SLNs-based gel. UV-B-induced psoriatic Wistar rat model showed significant anti-psoriatic effect of Bak via regulating inflammatory markers (NF-kB, IL-6, IL-4, and IL-10) and levels of anti-oxidant enzymes, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH), and glutathione-S-transferase (GST). Furthermore, RT-qPCR analysis confirms that Bak downregulates the expression of inflammatory markers, while histology and immunohistology results also confirm the anti-psoriatic effect of Bak. The study indicates that Bak-loaded SLNs-based gel significantly downregulates the level of cytokines and interleukins involve in NF-kB signaling cascade; hence, it can prove to be a novel therapeutic approach to cure psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivani Attri
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Prabhjot Kaur
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Sanha Punj
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Neena Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College (Deemed to be University), Ambala, Haryana, India
| | - Saroj Arora
- Department of Botanical & Environmental Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
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Gurnani B, Balamurugan S, Kanakath A, Kaur K, Gupta A, Chaudhary S. First clinical case series of frosted branch angiitis: A diagnostic algorithm is suggested. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7778. [PMID: 37636879 PMCID: PMC10457482 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message FBA is a clinical diagnosis of a diverse spectrum, which needs a high index of suspicion to identify the possible specific etiologies. The zones of retinal involvement can help in predicting the final visual outcome. The proposed diagnostic algorithm facilitates meticulous evaluation and targeted treatment to improve the final visual outcome. Abstract Frosted branch angiitis is a clinical diagnosis of a diverse spectrum, which needs a high index of suspicion to identify the possible specific etiologies. We present a series of three cases of FBA with an attempt to formulate a diagnostic algorithm and refine the definition of FBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gurnani
- Cataract, Cornea, External Diseases, Trauma, Ocular Surface, Uvea and Refractive Services, Sadguru Netra ChikitsalyaShri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki‐KundChitrakootMadhya PradeshIndia
| | - Sivaraman Balamurugan
- Cataract and Uvea ServicesAravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of OphthalmologyPondicherryIndia
| | - Anuradha Kanakath
- Cataract and Uvea ServicesAravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of OphthalmologyCoimbatoreTamil NaduIndia
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Children Eye Care Centre, Cataract, Pediatric Ophthalmology, and Strabismus Services, Sadguru Netra ChikitsalyaShri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki‐KundChitrakootMadhya PradeshIndia
| | - Abhay Gupta
- Cataract and Cornea ServicesShri Baba Haidakhan Charitable and Research HospitalRanikhetUttarakhandIndia
| | - Sameer Chaudhary
- Aravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of OphthalmologyMaduraiTamil NaduIndia
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Gurnani B, Kaur K. Leap forward in clinical and photographic diagnosis of Pythium insidiosum keratitis. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:3263-3264. [PMID: 37602622 PMCID: PMC10565910 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_355_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gurnani
- Consultant Cataract, Cornea, External Diseases, Trauma, Ocular Surface and Refractive Services, Janaki-Kund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Consultant Cataract, Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki-Kund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
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Gurnani B, Kaur K. Inflammatory cytokines in tears of patients with lacrimal duct obstruction. Indian J Med Res 2023; 158:317. [PMID: 37815066 PMCID: PMC10720965 DOI: 10.4103/ijmr.ijmr_1487_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gurnani
- Om Prakash Eye Hospital, Amritsar 143 001, Punjab, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Om Prakash Eye Hospital, Amritsar 143 001, Punjab, India
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Singh A, Singh K, Sharma A, Kaur K, Chadha R, Bedi PMS. Recent advances in antifungal drug development targeting lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51): A comprehensive review with structural and molecular insights. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 102:606-639. [PMID: 37220949 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 04/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Fungal infections are posing serious threat to healthcare system due to emerging resistance among available antifungal agents. Among available antifungal agents in clinical practice, azoles (diazole, 1,2,4-triazole and tetrazole) remained most effective and widely prescribed antifungal agents. Now their associated side effects and emerging resistance pattern raised a need of new and potent antifungal agents. Lanosterol 14α-demethylase (CYP51) is responsible for the oxidative removal of 14α-methyl group of sterol precursors lanosterol and 24(28)-methylene-24,25-dihydrolanosterol in ergosterol biosynthesis hence an essential component of fungal life cycle and prominent target for antifungal drug development. This review will shed light on various azole- as well as non-azoles-based derivatives as potential antifungal agents that target fungal CYP51. Review will provide deep insight about structure activity relationship, pharmacological outcomes, and interactions of derivatives with CYP51 at molecular level. It will help medicinal chemists working on antifungal development in designing more rational, potent, and safer antifungal agents by targeting fungal CYP51 for tackling emerging antifungal drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atamjit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Karanvir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Renu Chadha
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
| | - Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
- Drug and Pollution testing Laboratory, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Parkash RO, Gurnani B, Kaur K, Parkash TO, Sharma T. Assessing the validity of flap motility sign in predicting the extent of anterior capsular tears in phacoemulsification. Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:3095-3099. [PMID: 37530287 PMCID: PMC10538828 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_2552_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Capsulorhexis is an integral step of cataract surgery, and continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis is crucial during phacoemulsification to prevent intraoperative complications. However, sometimes during phacoemulsification in complicated and hard cataract cases, rhexis extension may occur, resulting in posterior capsular rent, nucleus drop, cortex drop, and aphakia. It may not always be possible to continue with phacoemulsification in all cases. In this perspective, the authors describe a novel flap motility sign (FMS) to predict the extent of anterior capsular tear during phacoemulsification. A total of 21,678 patients underwent phacoemulsification for three years, from July 2016 to June 2019. One hundred and twenty-one patients had an anterior capsular tear. There were 102 cases (84.3%) with pre-equatorial tears and 19 cases (15.70%) with postequatorial tears. All pre-equatorial flaps were everted and fluttering, and all postequatorial flaps were inverted and nonfluttering. Posterior capsule rupture (PCR) was observed in all 19 cases of postequatorial flaps (100%). No PCR was observed in patients with fluttering and everted flaps (0%). In-the-bag and scleral-fixated intraocular lens implantations succeeded in pre-equatorial and postequatorial tears, respectively. There was no case of a nucleus drop. This study validates FMS as a predictor for identifying the extent of anterior capsular tears, thereby determining the endpoint of safe phacoemulsification and the site for intraocular lens implantation. Pre-equatorial tears allow for the continuation of safe phacoemulsification and in-the-bag intraocular implantation. Postequatorial tears necessitate timely conversion to small-incision cataract surgery or extracapsular cataract extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Om Parkash
- Chief Medical Officer, Department of Cataract and IOL, Dr. Om Parkash Eye Institute, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Bharat Gurnani
- Consultant, Department of Cornea, Refractive Services, Trauma, External Diseases, Uvea and Ocular Surface, Dr. Om Parkash Eye Institute, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Consultant, Department of Pediatrics Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Dr. Om Parkash Eye Institute, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Tushya Om Parkash
- Consultant Department of Cornea and Refractive Services, Dr. Om Parkash Eye Institute, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Trupti Sharma
- Consultant, Department of Cornea, Squint and Pediatric Ophthalmology, Dr. Om Parkash Eye Institute, Pathankot, Punjab, India
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Gurnani B, Kaur K. Bilateral limbal stem cell deficiency with xeroderma pigmentosum in a young Asian child. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e7746. [PMID: 37529126 PMCID: PMC10387588 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.7746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Key Clinical Message Xeroderma pigmentosum is an autosomal recessive disorder with various ocular manifestations of which bilateral limbal stem cell deficiency is a rare manifestation. Timely diagnosis and meticulous management are vital in these cases to prevent irreversible ocular sequelae. Abstract Bilateral limbal stem cell deficiency (LSCD) can be a rare manifestation in patients afflicted with xeroderma pigmentosum (XP). The authors report a rare case of a 12-year-old boy who presented with redness and defective vision and was diagnosed with bilateral LSCD and hyperpigmented lesion over the face and trunk suggestive of XP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gurnani
- Cataract, Cornea, External Disease, Trauma, Ocular Surface and Refractive ServicesSadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh TrustChitrakootMadhya PradeshIndia
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Cataract, Paediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus Services, Children Eye Care CentreSadguru Netra Chikitsalya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh TrustChitrakootMadhya PradeshIndia
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Singh A, Singh K, Sharma A, Sharma S, Batra K, Joshi K, Singh B, Kaur K, Chadha R, Bedi PMS. Mechanistic insight and structure activity relationship of isatin-based derivatives in development of anti-breast cancer agents. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-023-04786-0. [PMID: 37329491 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-023-04786-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is most common in women and most difficult to manage that causes highest mortality and morbidity among all diseases and posing significant threat to mankind as well as burden on healthcare system. In 2020, 2.3 million women were diagnosed with breast cancer and it was responsible for 685,000 deaths globally, suggesting the severity of this disease. Apart from that, relapsing of cases and resistance among available anticancer drugs along with associated side effects making the situation even worse. Therefore, it is a global emergency to develop potent and safer antibreast cancer agents. Isatin is most versatile and flying one nucleus which is an integral competent and various anticancer agent in clinical practice and widely used by various research groups around the globe for development of novel, potent, and safer antibreast cancer agents. This review will shed light on the structural insights and antiproliferative potential of various isatin-based derivatives developed for targeting breast cancer in last three decades that will help researchers in design and development of novel, potent, and safer isatin-based antibreast cancer agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atamjit Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
| | - Karanvir Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Aman Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Sambhav Sharma
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Kevin Batra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Kaustubh Joshi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Brahmjeet Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India
| | - Renu Chadha
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160014, India
| | - Preet Mohinder Singh Bedi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
- Drug and Pollution Testing Laboratory, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, 143005, India.
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Morya AK, Ramesh PV, Kaur K, Gurnani B, Heda A, Bhatia K, Sinha A. Diabetes more than retinopathy, it’s effect on the anterior segment of eye. World J Clin Cases 2023; 11:3736-3749. [PMID: 37383113 PMCID: PMC10294174 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v11.i16.3736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is one of the chronic metabolic noncommunicable diseases that has attained worldwide epidemics. It threatens healthy life around the globe, with mild-to-severe secondary complications and leads to significant illness including nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, and macrovascular abnormalities including peripheral vasculopathy, and ischaemic heart disease. Research into diabetic retinopathy (DR), which affects one-third of persons with diabetes, has made considerable strides in recent years. In addition, it can lead to several anterior segment complications such as glaucoma, cataract, cornea, conjunctiva, lacrimal glands and other ocular surface diseases. Uncontrolled DM also caused gradual damage to corneal nerves and epithelial cells, which raises the likelihood of anterior segment diseases including corneal ulcers, dry eye disease, and chronic epithelial abnormalities. Although DR and other associated ocular complications are well-known, the complexity of its aetiology and diagnosis makes therapeutic intervention challenging. Strict glycaemic control, early detection and regular screening, and meticulous management is the key to halting the progression of the disease. In this review manuscript, we aim to provide an in-depth understanding of the broad spectrum of diabetic complications in the anterior segment of the ocular tissues and illustrate the progression of diabetes and its pathophysiology, epidemiology, and prospective therapeutic targets. This first such review article will highlight the role of diagnosing and treating patients with a plethora of anterior segment diseases associated with diabetes, which are often neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arvind Kumar Morya
- Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Hyderabad 508126, Telangana, India
| | - Prasanna Venkatesh Ramesh
- Glaucoma and Research, Mahathma Eye Hospital Private Limited, Tennur, Trichy 620001, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki-Kund, Chitrakoot 485334, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Bharat Gurnani
- Cornea and Refractive Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki- Kund, Chitrakoot 485334, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Aarti Heda
- Department of Ophthalmology, National Institute of Ophthalmology, Pune 411000, Maharashtra, India
| | - Karan Bhatia
- Department of Ophthalmology, Manaktala Eye and Maternity Home, Meerut 250001, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Aprajita Sinha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Worcestershire Acute Hospital, Worcestershire 01601, United Kingdom
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Gurnani B, Kaur K, Rustagi IM. Is refractive enhancement a safer option for post laser in situ keratomileusis and small incision lenticule extraction regression - How far we have come? Indian J Ophthalmol 2023; 71:2597-2598. [PMID: 37322689 PMCID: PMC10417950 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_450_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Bharat Gurnani
- Cataract, Cornea, External Diseases, Trauma, Ocular Surface and Refractive Services, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki-kund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Kirandeep Kaur
- Cataract Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus, Sadguru Netra Chikitsalaya, Shri Sadguru Seva Sangh Trust, Janaki-kund, Chitrakoot, Madhya Pradesh, India
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