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Saetae W, Chantana C, Saithong S, Chayajarus K, Jaratjaroonphong J. Short Total Synthesis of (+)-Colletotryptins B-D and Mucronatin B Derivative. J Org Chem 2024. [PMID: 38809696 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.4c00552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The short and first total synthesis of (+)-colletotryptins B-D, ent-colletotryptin A, and diastereomer of mucronatin B, which are a group of natural 3-(indol-2-yl)-3-(indol-3-yl)-1,2-propanediol (IIPDO) analogues containing two stereogenic centers at the C8' and C9' positions, isolated from endophytic fungus Colletotrichum sp. SC1355 and Tetrapterys mucronata, respectively, has been successfully accomplished in two and three steps with overall yields ranging from 28 to 54%. Key features of this synthesis include an innovative Bi(OTf)3-catalyzed stereoselective transindolylation of (S)-3,3'-di(1H-indol-3-yl)propane-1,2-diol. The operational simplicity, environmentally friendly catalyst, and broad functional group tolerance of this modular strategy render it suitable for adoption in both academic and industrial settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wilailak Saetae
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Chayamon Chantana
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
| | - Saowanit Saithong
- Division of Physical Science and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Kampanart Chayajarus
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand
| | - Jaray Jaratjaroonphong
- Department of Chemistry and Center of Excellence for Innovation in Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
- Research Unit in Synthetic Compounds and Synthetic Analogues from Natural Product for Drug Discovery (RSND), Burapha University, Chonburi 20131, Thailand
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2
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Lin H, Peddada SD. Multigroup analysis of compositions of microbiomes with covariate adjustments and repeated measures. Nat Methods 2024; 21:83-91. [PMID: 38158428 PMCID: PMC10776411 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-023-02092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Microbiome differential abundance analysis methods for two groups are well-established in the literature. However, many microbiome studies involve more than two groups, sometimes even ordered groups such as stages of a disease, and require different types of comparison. Standard pairwise comparisons are inefficient in terms of power and false discovery rates. In this Article, we propose a general framework, ANCOM-BC2, for performing a wide range of multigroup analyses with covariate adjustments and repeated measures. We illustrate our methodology through two real datasets. The first example explores the effects of aridity on the soil microbiome, and the second example investigates the effects of surgical interventions on the microbiome of patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huang Lin
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, NIEHS, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA
| | - Shyamal Das Peddada
- Biostatistics and Computational Biology Branch, NIEHS, NIH, Research Triangle Park, NC, USA.
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Cai YY, Jiang XY, Gu YQ. Cytotoxicity Metabolites from Marine-Derived Fungus Aspergillus versicolor. Chem Nat Compd 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s10600-023-04000-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
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Hu Y, Chen S, Yang F, Dong S. Marine Indole Alkaloids-Isolation, Structure and Bioactivities. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:658. [PMID: 34940657 PMCID: PMC8708922 DOI: 10.3390/md19120658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Revised: 11/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Indole alkaloids are heterocyclic natural products with extensive pharmacological activities. As an important source of lead compounds, many clinical drugs have been derived from natural indole compounds. Marine indole alkaloids, from unique marine environments with high pressure, high salt and low temperature, exhibit structural diversity with various bioactivities, which attracts the attention of drug researchers. This article is a continuation of the previous two comprehensive reviews and covers the literature on marine indole alkaloids published from 2015 to 2021, with 472 new or structure-revised compounds categorized by sources into marine microorganisms, invertebrates, and plant-derived. The structures and bioactivities demonstrated in this article will benefit the synthesis and pharmacological activity study for marine indole alkaloids on their way to clinical drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Shuai Dong
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Biological Resources of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China; (Y.H.); (S.C.); (F.Y.)
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5
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Chen J, Xu L, Zhou Y, Han B. Natural Products from Actinomycetes Associated with Marine Organisms. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:md19110629. [PMID: 34822500 PMCID: PMC8621598 DOI: 10.3390/md19110629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The actinomycetes have proven to be a rich source of bioactive secondary metabolites and play a critical role in the development of pharmaceutical researches. With interactions of host organisms and having special ecological status, the actinomycetes associated with marine animals, marine plants, macroalgae, cyanobacteria, and lichens have more potential to produce active metabolites acting as chemical defenses to protect the host from predators as well as microbial infection. This review focuses on 536 secondary metabolites (SMs) from actinomycetes associated with these marine organisms covering the literature to mid-2021, which will highlight the taxonomic diversity of actinomycetes and the structural classes, biological activities of SMs. Among all the actinomycetes listed, members of Streptomyces (68%), Micromonospora (6%), and Nocardiopsis (3%) are dominant producers of secondary metabolites. Additionally, alkaloids (37%), polyketides (33%), and peptides (15%) comprise the largest proportion of natural products with mostly antimicrobial activity and cytotoxicity. Furthermore, the data analysis and clinical information of SMs have been summarized in this article, suggesting that some of these actinomycetes with multiple host organisms deserve more attention to their special ecological status and genetic factors.
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Inhibitory Activity of Pyrroloisoxazolidine Derivatives against Chlamydia trachomatis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:8889247. [PMID: 33791384 PMCID: PMC7984888 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8889247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 01/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia trachomatis is a group of worldwide human pathogens that can lead to serious reproductive problems. The frequent clinical treatment failure promoted the development of novel antichlamydial agents. Here, we firstly reported a group of pyrroloisoxazolidine-inhibited C. trachomatis in a dose-dependent manner in vitro. Among them, compounds 1 and 2 exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity with IC50 values from 7.25 to 9.73 μM. The compounds disturbed the whole intracellular life cycle of C. trachomatis, mainly targeting the middle reticulate body proliferation stages. Besides, the compounds partially inhibited the chlamydial infection by reducing elementary body infectivity at high concentration. Our findings suggest the potential of pyrroloisoxazolidine derivatives as promising lead molecules for the development of antichlamydial agents.
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Mayer AMS, Guerrero AJ, Rodríguez AD, Taglialatela-Scafati O, Nakamura F, Fusetani N. Marine Pharmacology in 2016-2017: Marine Compounds with Antibacterial, Antidiabetic, Antifungal, Anti-Inflammatory, Antiprotozoal, Antituberculosis and Antiviral Activities; Affecting the Immune and Nervous Systems, and Other Miscellaneous Mechanisms of Action. Mar Drugs 2021; 19:49. [PMID: 33494402 PMCID: PMC7910995 DOI: 10.3390/md19020049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2020] [Revised: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The review of the 2016-2017 marine pharmacology literature was prepared in a manner similar as the 10 prior reviews of this series. Preclinical marine pharmacology research during 2016-2017 assessed 313 marine compounds with novel pharmacology reported by a growing number of investigators from 54 countries. The peer-reviewed literature reported antibacterial, antifungal, antiprotozoal, antituberculosis, and antiviral activities for 123 marine natural products, 111 marine compounds with antidiabetic and anti-inflammatory activities as well as affecting the immune and nervous system, while in contrast 79 marine compounds displayed miscellaneous mechanisms of action which upon further investigation may contribute to several pharmacological classes. Therefore, in 2016-2017, the preclinical marine natural product pharmacology pipeline generated both novel pharmacology as well as potentially new lead compounds for the growing clinical marine pharmaceutical pipeline, and thus sustained with its contributions the global research for novel and effective therapeutic strategies for multiple disease categories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro M. S. Mayer
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA;
| | - Aimee J. Guerrero
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, 555 31st Street, Downers Grove, IL 60515, USA;
| | - Abimael D. Rodríguez
- Molecular Sciences Research Center, University of Puerto Rico, 1390 Ponce de León Avenue, San Juan, PR 00926, USA;
| | | | - Fumiaki Nakamura
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan;
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Bao X, Liu Z, Ni M, Xia C, Xu S, Yang S, Zhao Y. Synthesis and Assessment of 3-Substituted Phenazines as Novel Antichlamydial Agents. Med Chem 2020; 16:413-421. [PMID: 31284867 DOI: 10.2174/1573406415666190708145639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2018] [Revised: 04/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the past century, many phenazines were isolated from the marine microorganism, and some of these phenazines possessed potent antibacterial activities. We found that a few of the synthesized 4-substituted phenazines could block the infectivity of chlamydiae without host cell toxicity. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to design and synthesize two series of novel 3-substituted phenazines to find novel antichlamydial agents. METHODS The 3-substituted phenazines were synthesized via Buchwald-Hartwig cross coupling reaction and Suzuki reaction from 3-bromo-1-methoxyphenazine. The antichlamydial activity of these synthesized compounds was evaluated by determining their effect on the yield of infectious progeny EBs. Cytotoxicity of these compounds on host cells was assessed by the treatment of uninfected HeLa cells using WST-1 method. RESULTS Most of the 3-substituted phenazines possessed potent antichlamydial activity with IC50 values from 0.15 to 12.08 μM against Chlamydia trachomatis L2, C. muridarum MoPn and C. pneumoniae AR39. Among them, 7d and 9a exhibited better antichlamydial activity with IC50 values from 0.20 to 1.01 μM while they have no apparent cytotoxicity to host cells. Biological assay disclosed that both 7d and 9a inhibited chlamydial infection by reducing elementary body infectivity and disturbing chlamydial growth during the whole chlamydial developmental cycle. CONCLUSION Our findings suggested that 3-substituted phenazine derivatives might be a promising class of therapeutic agents for chlamydial infections. More effective phenazines with low toxicity could be acquired through further chemical modification on C-3 position rather than C-4 position of phenazine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Min Ni
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Chao Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Shunxin Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Shengju Yang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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Shao L, Wu P, Xu L, Xue J, Li H, Wei X. Colletotryptins A–F, new dimeric tryptophol derivatives from the endophytic fungus Colletotrichum sp. SC1355. Fitoterapia 2020; 141:104465. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2019] [Revised: 12/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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10
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Cheng MM, Tang XL, Sun YT, Song DY, Cheng YJ, Liu H, Li PL, Li GQ. Biological and Chemical Diversity of Marine Sponge-Derived Microorganisms over the Last Two Decades from 1998 to 2017. Molecules 2020; 25:E853. [PMID: 32075151 PMCID: PMC7070270 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25040853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2020] [Revised: 02/10/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine sponges are well known as rich sources of biologically natural products. Growing evidence indicates that sponges harbor a wealth of microorganisms in their bodies, which are likely to be the true producers of bioactive secondary metabolites. In order to promote the study of natural product chemistry and explore the relationship between microorganisms and their sponge hosts, in this review, we give a comprehensive overview of the structures, sources, and activities of the 774 new marine natural products from sponge-derived microorganisms described over the last two decades from 1998 to 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Mei Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, China; (M.-M.C.); (Y.-T.S.); (D.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Xu-Li Tang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ocean University of China, Songling Road 238, Qingdao 266100, China;
| | - Yan-Ting Sun
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, China; (M.-M.C.); (Y.-T.S.); (D.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Dong-Yang Song
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, China; (M.-M.C.); (Y.-T.S.); (D.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Yu-Jing Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, China; (M.-M.C.); (Y.-T.S.); (D.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, China; (M.-M.C.); (Y.-T.S.); (D.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Ping-Lin Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, China; (M.-M.C.); (Y.-T.S.); (D.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
| | - Guo-Qiang Li
- Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Yushan Road 5, Qingdao 266003, China; (M.-M.C.); (Y.-T.S.); (D.-Y.S.); (Y.-J.C.); (H.L.)
- Laboratory of Marine Drugs and Biological Products, National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266235, China
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Antibacterial anthraquinone dimers from marine derived fungus Aspergillus sp. Fitoterapia 2019; 133:1-4. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/24/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Abstract
Covering: January to December 2017This review covers the literature published in 2017 for marine natural products (MNPs), with 740 citations (723 for the period January to December 2017) referring to compounds isolated from marine microorganisms and phytoplankton, green, brown and red algae, sponges, cnidarians, bryozoans, molluscs, tunicates, echinoderms, mangroves and other intertidal plants and microorganisms. The emphasis is on new compounds (1490 in 477 papers for 2017), together with the relevant biological activities, source organisms and country of origin. Reviews, biosynthetic studies, first syntheses, and syntheses that led to the revision of structures or stereochemistries, have been included. Geographic distributions of MNPs at a phylogenetic level are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anthony R Carroll
- School of Environment and Science, Griffith University, Gold Coast, Australia. and Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Brent R Copp
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rohan A Davis
- Griffith Institute for Drug Discovery, Griffith University, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Robert A Keyzers
- Centre for Biodiscovery, School of Chemical and Physical Sciences, Victoria University of Wellington, Wellington, New Zealand
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Bao X, Yu X, Xia C, Yang N, Yang S, Zhao Y. Synthesis and Antichlamydial Activity of Novel Phenazines. LETT DRUG DES DISCOV 2018. [DOI: 10.2174/1570180815666180518112952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Abstract: Background: Chlamydiae are widespread Gram-negative bacteria that cause a number of human diseases. Chlamydia trachomatis is the most prevalent sexually transmitted bacterial pathogen. </P><P> Methods: Fourteen novel phenazine derivatives were efficiently synthesized via Buchwald-Hartwig cross coupling reaction and Suzuki reaction from 4-bromo-1-methoxyphenazine. All the derivatives displayed antichlamydial activity with IC50 values from 1.01-19.77 µM against Chlamydia trachomatis D and L2 for inhibiting progeny formation.Results:C-4 morpholinyl 8a and C-4 phenyl phenazine 9c exhibited stronger antichlamydial activity with no apparent cytotoxicity. Both phenazine derivatives inhibited chlamydial inclusions formation and growth in a dose-dependent manner. They inhibited Chlamydia infection by reducing elementary body infectivity and disturbing Chlamydia growth at the mid-stage of the chlamydial developmental cycle.Conclusion:Our findings suggest C-4 aryl and C-4 amino phenazine derivatives as promising lead molecules for antichlamydials development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofeng Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Xiaowei Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Chao Xia
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Ningjing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
| | - Shengju Yang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong 226001, China
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Li JL, Yang N, Huang L, Chen D, Zhao Y, Tang MM, Fan H, Bao X. Pyocyanin Inhibits Chlamydia Infection by Disabling Infectivity of the Elementary Body and Disrupting Intracellular Growth. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018; 62:e02260-17. [PMID: 29610203 PMCID: PMC5971585 DOI: 10.1128/aac.02260-17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The obligate intracellular bacterium Chlamydia is a widespread human pathogen that causes serious problems, including (but not limited to) infertility and blindness. Our search for novel antichlamydial metabolites from marine-derived microorganisms led to the isolation of pyocyanin, a small compound from Pseudomonas aeruginosa Pyocyanin is an effective antichlamydial for all three Chlamydia spp. tested. It has a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.019 to 0.028 μM, which is comparable to the IC50 of tetracycline. At concentrations as low as 0.0039 μM, pyocyanin disables infectivity of the chlamydial elementary body (EB). At 0.5 μM or higher concentrations, the continuous presence of pyocyanin also inhibits chlamydial growth in the inclusion during later stages of the developmental cycle. Oxidative stress, a major known antimicrobial mechanism of pyocyanin, appears to be responsible only for the inhibition of bacterial growth and not for the disinfection of EBs. Pyocyanin is well-tolerated by probiotic vaginal Lactobacillus spp. Our findings suggest that pyocyanin is of therapeutic value for chlamydial infections and can serve as a valuable chemical probe for studying chlamydial biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Lin Li
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Ningjing Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lei Huang
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
- Department of Pharmacy, The First People's Hospital of Yanchen, Yanchen, China
| | - Dandan Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, The Second People's Hospital of Nantong, Nantong, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - M Matt Tang
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Huizhou Fan
- Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, New Jersey, USA
| | - Xiaofeng Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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15
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Ji H, Wu C, Ni M, Feng N, Wang C, Zhao Y, Liu L, Yang S, Bao X. In vitro Antichlamydial Activity of 1,2,3,5-Tetrasubstituted Pyrrole Derivatives. Chemotherapy 2018; 63:96-100. [PMID: 29649816 DOI: 10.1159/000487880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chlamydia is a group of bacterial pathogens distributed worldwide that can lead to serious reproductive and other health problems. The rise of antibiotic-resistant pathogens promotes the development of novel antichlamydial agents. The aim of this study is to assess in vitro antichlamydial activity of our previously synthesized 1,2,3,5- tetrasubstituted pyrroles. METHODS The derivatives were screened for their antichlamydial activity against three Chlamydia strains by calculating IC50 values using concentration-response inhibition data between 1 and 32 μM. The action of the compounds on Chlamydia elementary body (EB) infectivity and the impact of the chemicals' administration time on their antichlamydial effect were evaluated to reveal the inhibitory mechanism. RESULTS Some of the compounds moderately inhibited the Chlamydia strains. Compound 10 exhibited the strongest inhibitory activity, with IC50 values from 4.34 to 5.83 μM. These pyrrole derivatives inhibited Chlamydia infection by reducing EB infectivity during the early stage and disturbing Chlamydia growth by targeting the early-to-middle stage prior to 12 h of the chlamydial life cycle. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the potential of 1,2,3,5-tetrasubstituted pyrrole derivatives as promising lead molecules for the development of antichlamydial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongzhang Ji
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Changyue Wu
- School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Min Ni
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Nannan Feng
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chan Wang
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lingyan Liu
- The State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Shengju Yang
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaofeng Bao
- School of Pharmacy, Nantong University, Nantong, China
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