1
|
Vázquez-Borrego MC, Gahete MD, Martínez-Fuentes AJ, Fuentes-Fayos AC, Castaño JP, Kineman RD, Luque RM. Multiple signaling pathways convey central and peripheral signals to regulate pituitary function: Lessons from human and non-human primate models. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2018; 463:4-22. [PMID: 29253530 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2017.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The anterior pituitary gland is a key organ involved in the control of multiple physiological functions including growth, reproduction, metabolism and stress. These functions are controlled by five distinct hormone-producing pituitary cell types that produce growth hormone (somatotropes), prolactin (lactotropes), adrenocorticotropin (corticotropes), thyrotropin (thyrotropes) and follicle stimulating hormone/luteinizing hormone (gonadotropes). Classically, the synthesis and release of pituitary hormones was thought to be primarily regulated by central (neuroendocrine) signals. However, it is now becoming apparent that factors produced by pituitary hormone targets (endocrine and non-endocrine organs) can feedback directly to the pituitary to adjust pituitary hormone synthesis and release. Therefore, pituitary cells serve as sensors to integrate central and peripheral signals in order to fine-tune whole-body homeostasis, although it is clear that pituitary cell regulation is species-, age- and sex-dependent. The purpose of this review is to provide a comprehensive, general overview of our current knowledge of both central and peripheral regulators of pituitary cell function and associated intracellular mechanisms, focusing on human and non-human primates.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M C Vázquez-Borrego
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - M D Gahete
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - A J Martínez-Fuentes
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - A C Fuentes-Fayos
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - J P Castaño
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain
| | - R D Kineman
- Department of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA; Jesse Brown Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Research and Development Division, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - R M Luque
- Maimonides Institute of Biomedical Research of Cordoba (IMIBIC), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, University of Cordoba, 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Reina Sofia University Hospital (HURS), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; CIBER Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition (CIBERobn), 14004 Cordoba, Spain; Agrifood Campus of International Excellence (ceiA3), 14004 Cordoba, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Lopresti AL, Maes M, Meddens MJM, Maker GL, Arnoldussen E, Drummond PD. Curcumin and major depression: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial investigating the potential of peripheral biomarkers to predict treatment response and antidepressant mechanisms of change. Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2015; 25:38-50. [PMID: 25523883 DOI: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2014.11.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2014] [Revised: 11/06/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
A recent randomised, double-blind, placebo controlled study conducted by our research group, provided partial support for the efficacy of supplementation with a patented curcumin extract (500 mg, twice daily) for 8 weeks in reducing depressive symptoms in people with major depressive disorder. In the present paper, a secondary, exploratory analysis of salivary, urinary and blood biomarkers collected during this study was conducted to identify potential antidepressant mechanisms of action of curcumin. Pre and post-intervention samples were provided by 50 participants diagnosed with major depressive disorder, and the Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology self-rated version (IDS-SR30) was used as the primary depression outcome measure. Compared to placebo, 8 weeks of curcumin supplementation was associated with elevations in urinary thromboxane B2 (p<0.05), and substance P (p<0.001); while placebo supplementation was associated with reductions in aldosterone (p<0.05) and cortisol (p<0.05). Higher baseline plasma endothelin-1 (rs=-0.587; p<0.01) and leptin (rs=-0.470; p<0.05) in curcumin-treated individuals was associated with greater reductions in IDS-SR30 score after 8 weeks of treatment. Our findings demonstrate that curcumin supplementation influences several biomarkers that may be associated with its antidepressant mechanisms of action. Plasma concentrations of leptin and endothelin-1 seem to have particular relevance to treatment outcome. Further investigations using larger samples sizes are required to elucidate these findings, as the multiple statistical comparisons completed in this study increased the risk of type I errors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrian L Lopresti
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia 6150, Australia.
| | - Michael Maes
- Impact Strategic Research Centre, School of Medicine, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria, Australia; Department of Psychiatry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Garth L Maker
- School of Veterinary and Life Sciences, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia 6150, Australia
| | | | - Peter D Drummond
- School of Psychology and Exercise Science, Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia 6150, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Dafopoulos K, Boli A, Kallitsaris A, Malamitsi-Puchner A, Kollios G, Messinis IE. Endothelin-3 and PRL levels in the maternal and fetal circulation at delivery. J Endocrinol Invest 2007; 30:41-5. [PMID: 17318021 DOI: 10.1007/bf03347394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to test the hypothesis that endothelin-3 (ET-3) is involved in PRL secretion via systemic hormonal interaction during labor. MATERIALS AND METHODS Fifty healthy pregnant women with singleton pregnancies were included in the present study. At delivery, blood samples were drawn from umbilical vein and artery. At the same time, a blood sample was obtained from a peripheral vein of the mother. In all blood samples, plasma ET-3 and serum PRL concentrations were determined. The main outcome measures were the differences between maternal peripheral blood, umbilical artery and vein in terms of ET-3 and PRL levels, and the associations between ET-3 and PRL levels. RESULTS ET-3 values (mean+/-SEM) in umbilical artery did not differ significantly from those in umbilical vein (4.94+/-0.27 vs 5.05+/-0.32 pg/ml) but were in both vessels significantly higher than in maternal vein (1.14+/-0.56 pg/ml, p<0.001). Serum PRL values showed similar patterns. There was a significant positive correlation of the ET-3 levels between umbilical artery and vein (r=0.906, p<0.001), but not between maternal peripheral venous blood and the umbilical vessels. Similar correlations were found for PRL values. However, no significant correlations were found between ET-3 and PRL levels in all vessels studied. CONCLUSIONS The present study demonstrates for the first time that ET-3 levels are higher in fetal than in maternal circulation at term. The lack of correlation between ET-3 and PRL levels suggests that ET-3 does not play an important endocrine role in the control of maternal and fetal PRL secretion during labor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K Dafopoulos
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Thessalia, 22 Papakiriazi street, 41222 Larissa, Greece
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fabricio ASC, Rae GA, Zampronio AR, D'Orléans-Juste P, Souza GEP. Central endothelin ETBreceptors mediate IL-1-dependent fever induced by preformed pyrogenic factor and corticotropin-releasing factor in the rat. Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2006; 290:R164-71. [PMID: 16123229 DOI: 10.1152/ajpregu.00337.2005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Blockade of central endothelin ETBreceptors inhibits fever induced by LPS in conscious rats. The contribution of ETBreceptor-mediated mechanisms to fever triggered by intracerebroventricular IL-6, PGE2, PGF2α, corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF), and preformed pyrogenic factor derived from LPS-stimulated macrophages (PFPF) was examined. The influence of natural IL-1 receptor antagonist or soluble TNF receptor I on endothelin (ET)-1-induced fever was also assessed. The selective ETBreceptor antagonist BQ-788 (3 pmol icv) abolished fever induced by intracerebroventricular ET-1 (1 pmol) or PFPF (200 ng) and reduced that caused by ICV CRF (1 nmol) but not by IL-6 (14.6 pmol), PGE2(1.4 nmol), or PGF2α(2 nmol). CRF-induced fever was also attenuated by bosentan (dual ETA/ETBreceptor antagonist; 10 mg/kg iv) but unaffected by BQ-123 (selective ETAreceptor antagonist; 3 pmol icv). α-Helical CRF9–41(dual CRF1/CRF2receptor antagonist; 6.5 nmol icv) attenuated fever induced by CRF but not by ET-1. Human IL-1 receptor antagonist (9.1 pmol) markedly reduced fever to IL-1β (180 fmol) or ET-1 and attenuated that caused by PFPF or CRF. Murine soluble TNF receptor I (23.8 pmol) reduced fever to TNF-α (14.7 pmol) but not to ET-1. The results of the present study suggest that PFPF and CRF recruit the brain ET system to cause ETBreceptor-mediated IL-1-dependent fever.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aline S C Fabricio
- Laboratório de Farmacologia, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Av. do Café, s/n-Campus USP 14040-903 Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kumanov P, Tomova A, Kirilov G, Dakovska L, Schinkov A. Increased plasma endothelin levels in patients with male hypogonadism. Andrologia 2002; 34:29-33. [PMID: 11996179 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0272.2002.00468.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelin has various paracrine and endocrine effects on the male reproductive system. Testosterone is probably responsible for the higher endothelin levels in males. In addition, there is much ambiguity about the relationship between gonadotrophic hormones and endothelin. In order to study in more detail the relationship of endothelin with the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis in the male, we investigated 18 male patients with various forms of hypogonadism (seven with hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism and 11 with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism). Eight age-matched healthy males served as controls. The basal endothelin levels in patients with hypogonadism (0.95 +/- 0.53 fmol ml(-1)) were significantly higher than those of the controls (0.54 +/- 0.06 fmol ml(-1); P < 0.05). Males with hypergonadotrophic hypogonadism had significantly increased endothelin concentrations (1.05 +/- 0.57 fmol ml(-1); P < 0.05), whereas those with hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (0.89 +/- 0.53 fmol ml(-1)) had nonsignificantly (P > 0.05) elevated levels. No significant correlation was found between plasma endothelin levels and gonadotrophin, prolactin and testosterone concentrations. The results of this study suggest that plasma endothelin levels are increased in males with hypogonadism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ph Kumanov
- Clinical Centre of Endocrinology and Gerontology, Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria.
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|