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Prosche S, Stappen I. Flower Power: An Overview on Chemistry and Biological Impact of Selected Essential Oils from Blossoms. PLANTA MEDICA 2024; 90:595-626. [PMID: 38843799 DOI: 10.1055/a-2215-2791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2024]
Abstract
Natural raw materials such as essential oils have received more and more attention in recent decades, whether in the food industry, as flavorings and preservatives, or as insecticides and insect repellents. They are, furthermore, very popular as fragrances in perfumes, cosmetics, and household products. In addition, aromatherapy is widely used to complement conventional medicine. This review summarizes investigations on the chemical composition and the most important biological impacts of essential oils and volatile compounds extracted from selected aromatic blossoms, including Lavandula angustifolia, Matricaria recutita, Rosa x damascena, Jasminum grandiflorum, Citrus x aurantium, Cananga odorata, and Michelia alba. The literature was collected from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. Blossom essential oils discussed in this work are used in a wide variety of clinical issues. The application is consistently described as safe in studies and meta-analyses, although there are notes that using essential oils can also have side effects, especially dermatologically. However, it can be considered as confirmed that essential oils have positive influences on humans and can improve quality of life in patients with psychiatric disorders, critically ill patients, and patients in other exceptional situations. Although the positive effect of essential oils from blossoms has repeatedly been reported, evidence-based clinical investigations are still underrepresented, and the need for research is demanded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinah Prosche
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria
| | - Iris Stappen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Vienna, Austria
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2
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Oliveira MCN, Cavalcante IL, de Araújo AN, Ferreira dos Santos AM, de Menezes RPB, Herrera-Acevedo C, Ferreira de Sousa N, de Souza Aquino J, Barbosa-Filho JM, de Castro RD, Almeida RN, Scotti L, Scotti MT, Da Silva Stiebbe Salvadori MG. Methyleugenol Has an Antidepressant Effect in a Neuroendocrine Model: In Silico and In Vivo Evidence. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1408. [PMID: 37895879 PMCID: PMC10610402 DOI: 10.3390/ph16101408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Major depressive disorder is a severe mood disorder characterized by different emotions and feelings. This study investigated the antidepressant activity of the phenylpropanoid methyleugenol (ME) in adult female mice exposed to a stress model induced by dexamethasone. The animals were randomly divided into groups containing eight animals and were pre-administered with dexamethasone (64 μg/kg subcutaneously). After 165 and 180 min, they were treated with ME (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg intraperitoneally) or imipramine (10 mg/kg intraperitoneally) after 45 min and 30 min, respectively; they were then submitted to tests which were filmed. The videos were analyzed blindly. In the tail suspension test, ME (50 mg/kg) increased latency and reduced immobility time. In the splash test, ME (50 mg/kg) decreased grooming latency and increased grooming time. In the open field, there was no statistical difference for the ME groups regarding the number of crosses, and ME (50 mg/kg) increased the number of rearing and time spent in the center. Regarding in silico studies, ME interacted with dopaminergic D1 and α1 adrenergic pathway receptors and with tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor. In the in vivo evaluation of the pathways of action, the antidepressant potential of ME (50 mg/kg) was reversed by SCH23390 (4 mg/kg intraperitoneally) dopaminergic D1 receptor, Prazosin (1 mg/kg intraperitoneally) α1 adrenergic receptor, and PCPA (4 mg/kg intraperitoneally) tryptophan hydroxylase inhibitor. Our findings indicate that ME did not alter with the locomotor activity of the animals and shows antidepressant activity in female mice with the participation of the D1, α1 and serotonergic systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayara Cecile Nascimento Oliveira
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology, Institute for Research in Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil (A.M.F.d.S.); (R.D.d.C.)
| | - Ikla Lima Cavalcante
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology, Institute for Research in Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil (A.M.F.d.S.); (R.D.d.C.)
| | - Alana Natalícia de Araújo
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology, Institute for Research in Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil (A.M.F.d.S.); (R.D.d.C.)
| | - Aline Matilde Ferreira dos Santos
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology, Institute for Research in Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil (A.M.F.d.S.); (R.D.d.C.)
| | - Renata Priscila Barros de Menezes
- Laboratory of Cheminformatics, Institute for Research in Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Chonny Herrera-Acevedo
- Laboratory of Cheminformatics, Institute for Research in Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Natália Ferreira de Sousa
- Laboratory of Cheminformatics, Institute for Research in Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Jailane de Souza Aquino
- Laboratory of Experimental Nutrition, Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - José Maria Barbosa-Filho
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Institute for Research in Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Ricardo Dias de Castro
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology, Institute for Research in Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil (A.M.F.d.S.); (R.D.d.C.)
| | - Reinaldo Nóbrega Almeida
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology, Institute for Research in Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil (A.M.F.d.S.); (R.D.d.C.)
| | - Luciana Scotti
- Laboratory of Cheminformatics, Institute for Research in Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Marcus Tullius Scotti
- Laboratory of Cheminformatics, Institute for Research in Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil
| | - Mirian Graciela Da Silva Stiebbe Salvadori
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology, Institute for Research in Drugs and Medicines, Federal University of Paraíba, João Pessoa 58051-900, PB, Brazil (A.M.F.d.S.); (R.D.d.C.)
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Ivanova S, Dyankov S, Karcheva-Bahchevanska D, Todorova V, Georgieva Y, Benbassat N, Ivanov K. Echinophora tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana-Study of the Histochemical Localization of Essential Oil. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28072918. [PMID: 37049678 PMCID: PMC10096146 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28072918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Echinophora tenuifolia L. subsp. sibthorpiana is a perennial, aromatic plant used in traditional folk medicine and cuisine of the Mediterranean and the Middle East. However, scholars have not fully studied the pharmacological potential of the herb, and the scientific data on this plant species are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) obtained from the aerial parts of E. tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana growing wild in Bulgaria and to perform histochemical analysis. METHODS A microscopic histochemical analysis and gas chromatography with mass spectrometry were performed. RESULTS The histochemical analysis confirmed the presence of terpenes in the stem and leaf of E. tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana. The phenylpropanoid methyleugenol was identified as the main compound in the EO, representing 48.13% of the total oil composition. There were also found considerable amounts of monoterpene hydrocarbons, representing 41.68% of the total EO. Alpha-phellandrene, o-cymene, and β-phellandrene were the most abundant monoterpene hydrocarbons. CONCLUSION This is the first histochemical analysis performed on E. tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana. This is the first report of the EO composition from Bulgarian E. tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana, and our results indicate some future possibilities for evaluating of the biological activity of the EO of E. tenuifolia subsp. sibthorpiana and highlight the potential future use of the EO of this plant species. E. tenuifolia L. subsp. sibthorpiana EO possesses a good potential for use as a biopesticide and repellent an environmentally friendly alternative of synthetic pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislava Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Stanislav Dyankov
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Diana Karcheva-Bahchevanska
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Velislava Todorova
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Yoana Georgieva
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Niko Benbassat
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
| | - Kalin Ivanov
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical University-Plovdiv, 4002 Plovdiv, Bulgaria
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de Menezes Dantas D, Pereira-de Morais L, de Alencar Silva A, da Silva RER, Dias FJ, de Sousa Amorim T, Cruz-Martins N, Melo Coutinho HDD, Barbosa R. Pharmacological Screening of Species from the Lippia genus, Content in Terpenes and Phenylpropanoids, and their Vasorelaxing Effects on Human Umbilical Artery. Curr Pharm Des 2023; 29:535-542. [PMID: 36424792 DOI: 10.2174/1381612829666221124101321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Revised: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Naturally occurring bioactive compounds have a plethora of biological effects. OBJECTIVE In this study, we examined a pharmacological screening of natural products on the human umbilical artery (HUA). METHODS HUA preparations were used to follow contractions by KCl (60 mM) and tested at different concentrations (1-5000 μg/mL and μM) of the Lippia alba (EOLa) and Lippia origanoides (EOLo) essential oils, terpenes (citral, limonene perilic alcohol) and phenylpropanoids (eugenol, methyl eugenol). Discussion/Results: The reduction corresponded to approximately 100%, except for limonene (80±1.2 %). When evaluating the concentration of the natural product that promotes 50 % relaxation of the HUA contracted by KCL, EC50 values were: 424.3 μg/mL (EOLa); 468.7±6.7 μg/mL (EOLo); 264.2 ± 8.2 μM (citral); 677.8±5.4 μM (limonene); 186.3±6.4 μM (peryl alcohol); 986.4±7.9 μM (eugenol); and 279.1±4.4 μM (methyl-eugenol). Perillyl alcohol had a lower EC50 (consequently it has a higher pharmacological potency). CONCLUSION The plant extracts have a promising vasorelaxing effect in HUAs, paving the way for future investigations: as applications in diseases related to these vessels, such as preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora de Menezes Dantas
- Biological Chemistry Department, Postgraduate Program in Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Pimenta Campus, 63105-010, Crato, CE, Brazil
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri, Campus of Pimenta, 63105-010, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Luis Pereira-de Morais
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri, Campus of Pimenta, 63105-010, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Andressa de Alencar Silva
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri, Campus of Pimenta, 63105-010, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Renata Evaristo Rodrigues da Silva
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri, Campus of Pimenta, 63105-010, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Francisco Junio Dias
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri, Campus of Pimenta, 63105-010, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Thais de Sousa Amorim
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri, Campus of Pimenta, 63105-010, 63105, CE, Brazil
| | - Natália Cruz-Martins
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute for Research and Innovation in Health (i3S), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal
- Institute of Research and Advanced Training in Health Sciences and Technologies (CESPU), Rua Central de Gandra, 1317, 4585-116 Gandra PRD, Portugal
- TOXRUN - Toxicology Research Unit, University Institute of Health Sciences, CESPU, CRL, 4585-116 Gandra, Portugal
| | - Henrique Douglas Douglas Melo Coutinho
- Biological Chemistry Department, Postgraduate Program in Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Pimenta Campus, 63105-010, Crato, CE, Brazil
| | - Roseli Barbosa
- Biological Chemistry Department, Postgraduate Program in Biological Chemistry, Regional University of Cariri, Pimenta Campus, 63105-010, Crato, CE, Brazil
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Regional University of Cariri, Campus of Pimenta, 63105-010, Crato, CE, Brazil
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Vilhena CS, da Silva RA, da Costa BMPA, Torres MF, de Mello VJ, Noronha RCR, do Rosário da Silva JK, Hamoy M, Barbas LAL, do Nascimento LAS. Cardiac response in tambaqui Colossoma macropomum anaesthetised with Piper divaricatum essential oil. FISH PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY 2022; 48:1413-1425. [PMID: 36222995 DOI: 10.1007/s10695-022-01132-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the electrocardiographic responses of Colossoma macropomum exposed to short-term baths using the essential oil of Piper divaricatum (EOPD) as an anaesthetic-like agent in different doses (40, 60, and 80 μL L-1). Cardiac responses throughout and after exposure to EOPD were monitored and evaluated through mean heart rate (HR), duration and amplitude of the QRS complex (ventricular depolarization), and Q-T (ventricular contraction) and R-R (time between two successive QRS complexes) wave intervals. Across all doses, there was a marked depression of the HR, mainly at 80 μL L-1 EOPD. Mean amplitudes recorded for the QRS complex and Q-T interval at 40 μL L-1 EOPD were indistinguishable from the control, which could reinforce this concentration as sufficient and safe to promote fast anaesthesia without affecting cardiac function. Recovery from bradycardia, duration of the R-R interval, and QRS complex were similar at 60 and 80 μL L-1 EOPD; however, the Q-T interval at 80 μL L-1 EOPD revealed a more pronounced cardiac depression in relation to the controls and fish exposed to 60 μL L-1 EOPD. Thus, we conclude that 40 μL L-1 EOPD should suffice to induce fast, deep, and safe anaesthesia in tambaqui juveniles, whereas the concentration of 80 μL L-1 led to a greater depression of the cardiac function, albeit showing effect reversibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecília Soares Vilhena
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Catálise e Oleoquímica, Universidade Federal do Pará, UFPA, Campus Belém, Rua Augusto Corrêa nº 01 Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Renan Amaral da Silva
- Laboratório de Aquacultura de Espécies Tropicais, LAET, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, IFPA Campus Castanhal, BR 316, Km 63 S/N, Castanhal, PA, 68740-970, Brazil
| | - Brenda Maria Pereira Alho da Costa
- Laboratório de Aquacultura de Espécies Tropicais, LAET, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, IFPA Campus Castanhal, BR 316, Km 63 S/N, Castanhal, PA, 68740-970, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Ferreira Torres
- Laboratório de Aquacultura de Espécies Tropicais, LAET, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, IFPA Campus Castanhal, BR 316, Km 63 S/N, Castanhal, PA, 68740-970, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Jóia de Mello
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, UFPA, Campus Belém, Rua Augusto Corrêa n◦ 01 Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Renata Coelho Rodrigues Noronha
- Laboratório de Citogenética, Centro de Estudos Avançados da Biodiversidade, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, UFPA, Campus Belém, Rua Augusto Corrêa nº 01 Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Joyce Kelly do Rosário da Silva
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Catálise e Oleoquímica, Universidade Federal do Pará, UFPA, Campus Belém, Rua Augusto Corrêa nº 01 Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Moisés Hamoy
- Laboratório de Farmacologia e Toxicologia de Produtos Naturais, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Pará, UFPA, Campus Belém, Rua Augusto Corrêa n◦ 01 Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
| | - Luis André Luz Barbas
- Laboratório de Aquacultura de Espécies Tropicais, LAET, Instituto Federal de Educação Ciência e Tecnologia do Pará, IFPA Campus Castanhal, BR 316, Km 63 S/N, Castanhal, PA, 68740-970, Brazil.
| | - Luís Adriano Santos do Nascimento
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia, Laboratório de Catálise e Oleoquímica, Universidade Federal do Pará, UFPA, Campus Belém, Rua Augusto Corrêa nº 01 Guamá, Belém, PA, 66075-110, Brazil.
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Zhang J, Si H, Sun J, Lv K, Yan B, Li B, Zhou X, Zhang J. Determination of myrislignan levels in BALB/c mouse plasma by LC-MS/MS and a comparison of its pharmacokinetics after oral and intraperitoneal administration. BMC Vet Res 2021; 17:275. [PMID: 34399756 PMCID: PMC8365968 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02990-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Myrislignan is a natural product from Myristica sp. with diverse pharmacological activities. Recently, the anti-Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) activity of myrislignan has been proposed, and in vivo studies of its pharmacokinetics in BALB/c mice are necessary to further evaluate the clinical effects of myrislignan. Results In this study, a sensitive liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method was developed and validated to quantify myrislignan levels in mouse plasma using dehydrodiisoeugenol as an internal standard (IS) in positive ion mode. Chromatographic separation of the analytes was achieved using an ACE Ultracore Super C18 analytical column (2.5 μm, 2.1 × 50 mm) at 30 °C. A gradient mobile phase consisting of water (0.1 % formic acid) and acetonitrile (0.1 % formic acid) was delivered at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min. Myrislignan and the IS eluted at 1.42 and 1.71 min, respectively. A good excellent linear response across the concentration range of 1-1000 ng/mL was achieved (r2 = 0.9973). The lower limit of quantification (LLOQ) was 1 ng/mL, and the inter- and intra-day accuracy and precision of the method showed relative standard deviations (RSDs) less than 10 %. The method was applied to examine the pharmacokinetics of myrislignan in mouse plasma following a single oral administration of 200 mg/kg or intraperitoneal administration of 50 mg/kg myrislignan, and the bioavailability (F) of orally administered myrislignan was only 1.97 % of the bioavailability of intraperitoneally administered myrislignan. Conclusions A rapid and sensitive LC-MS/MS method has been was developed, validated and successfully used to determine myrislignan levels in mice after oral or intraperitoneal administration. This study is the first to report the pharmacokinetic parameters of myrislignan in mice and to compare its pharmacokinetics after oral and intraperitoneal administration, which will be useful for further research on the administration of myrislignan in animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jili Zhang
- Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, People's Republic of China.,School of Medicine, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongfei Si
- College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Jichao Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Kun Lv
- School of Business, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China
| | - Biqing Yan
- Intensive Care Unit, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Ningbo University, Zhejiang Province, Ningbo, People's Republic of China
| | - Bing Li
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuzheng Zhou
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiyu Zhang
- Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Gansu Province, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, 730050, Lanzhou, People's Republic of China.
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Toxicity of methyl eugenol against Drosophila melanogaster and its myorelaxant activity in bronchioles isolated from Sus scrofa domesticus. Biologia (Bratisl) 2021. [DOI: 10.2478/s11756-020-00672-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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8
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Liu GX, Xu F, Shang MY, Wang X, Cai SQ. The Relative Content and Distribution of Absorbed Volatile Organic Compounds in Rats Administered Asari Radix et Rhizoma Are Different between Powder- and Decoction-Treated Groups. Molecules 2020; 25:E4441. [PMID: 32992581 PMCID: PMC7582631 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Asari Radix et Rhizoma (ARR) is an important traditional Chinese medicine. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the main active constituents of ARR. Research on the metabolite profile of VOCs and the difference of absorbed constituents in vivo after an administration of ARR decoction and powder will be helpful to understand the pharmacological activity and safety of ARR. In this study, headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was applied to profile the VOCs from ARR in rats in vivo. A total of 153 VOCs were tentatively identified; 101 were original constituents of ARR (98 in the powder-treated group and 43 in the decoction-treated group) and 15 were metabolites, and their metabolic reactions were mainly oxidation and reduction, with only two cases of methylation and esterification, and 37 unclassified compounds were identified only in the ARR-treated group. Of the 153 VOCs identified, 131 were reported in rats after oral administration of ARR for the first time, containing 79 original constituents, 15 metabolites, and 37 unclassified compounds. In the powder-treated group, methyleugenol, safrole, 3,5-dimethoxytoluene (3,5-DMT), 2,3,5-trimethoxytoluene (2,3,5-TMT), and 3,4,5-trimethoxytoluene (3,4,5-TMT) were the main absorbed constituents, the relative contents of which were significantly higher compared to the decoction-treated group, especially methyleugenol, safrole, and 3,5-DMT. In the decoction-treated group, 3,4,5-TMT, 2,3,5-TMT, kakuol, and eugenol were the main constituents with a higher content and wider distribution. The results of this study provide a reference for evaluating the efficacy and safety of ARR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Xue Liu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (G.-X.L.); (F.X.)
| | - Feng Xu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (G.-X.L.); (F.X.)
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (G.-X.L.); (F.X.)
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (G.-X.L.); (F.X.)
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Mariano XM, de Souza WFM, Rocha CB, Moreira RFA. Bioactive volatile fraction of Chilean boldo (Peumus boldus Molina) – an overview. JOURNAL OF ESSENTIAL OIL RESEARCH 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/10412905.2019.1617797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xavier Maia Mariano
- Lab. de Avaliação da Composição e Aroma de Produtos Alimentícios, Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Instituto Biomédico & Programa de Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição (PPGAN), Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Wanderson Fernando Mello de Souza
- Lab. de Avaliação da Composição e Aroma de Produtos Alimentícios, Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Instituto Biomédico & Programa de Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição (PPGAN), Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Cristiane Barbosa Rocha
- Lab. de Estudos de Ervas Medicinais (LEEM), Departamento de Ciências Fisiológicas, Instituto Biomédico, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
| | - Ricardo Felipe Alves Moreira
- Lab. de Avaliação da Composição e Aroma de Produtos Alimentícios, Departamento de Saúde Coletiva, Instituto Biomédico & Programa de Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição (PPGAN), Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Antispasmodic Effect of Essential Oils and Their Constituents: A Review. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24091675. [PMID: 31035694 PMCID: PMC6539827 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24091675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/24/2019] [Accepted: 04/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The antispasmodic effect of drugs is used for the symptomatic treatment of cramping and discomfort affecting smooth muscles from the gastrointestinal, billiary or genitourinary tract in a variety of clinical situations.The existing synthetic antispasmodic drugs may cause a series of unpleasant side effects, and therefore the discovery of new molecules of natural origin is an important goal for the pharmaceutical industry. This review describes a series of recent studies investigating the antispasmodic effect of essential oils from 39 plant species belonging to 12 families. The pharmacological models used in the studies together with the mechanistic discussions and the chemical composition of the essential oils are also detailed. The data clearly demonstrate the antispasmodic effect of the essential oils from the aromatic plant species studied. Further research is needed in order to ascertain the therapeutic importance of these findings.
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11
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Analgesic-Like Activity of Essential Oil Constituents: An Update. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18122392. [PMID: 29232831 PMCID: PMC5751100 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18122392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2017] [Revised: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 11/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The constituents of essential oils are widely found in foods and aromatic plants giving characteristic odor and flavor. However, pharmacological studies evidence its therapeutic potential for the treatment of several diseases and promising use as compounds with analgesic-like action. Considering that pain affects a significant part of the world population and the need for the development of new analgesics, this review reports on the current studies of essential oils’ chemical constituents with analgesic-like activity, including a description of their mechanisms of action and chemical aspects.
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12
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Saleh H, El-Shorbagy HM. Mechanism underlying methyl eugenol attenuation of intestinal ischemia/reperfusion injury. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2017. [DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Intestinal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with a high risk of mortality in the clinical situation. Many factors are involved in I/R, including reactive oxygen species, cytokine release, and apoptosis. We aimed to determine whether a pure methyl eugenol (ME) given before intestinal ischemia, protects against intestinal I/R injury and the possible mechanism involved in this protection. Rat received ME (100 mg/kg) for 30 days then underwent intestinal I/R with 30 min ischemia and 60 min reperfusion. Serum lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) level, tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as some antioxidant biomarkers were assessed, while the serum level of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) was determined by ELISA. The change in TNF-α and interleukin 6 (IL-6) gene expressions were evaluated and confirmed by assessing protein level of TNF-α in the intestinal tissue by immunohistochemistry. Apoptosis was evaluated using DNA-laddering assay and by detecting caspase-3 immunohistochemically. Administration of ME prior to I/R injury resulted in a modulation of the production of MDA, LDH, and nitric oxide and restoration of the tested oxidative stress biomarkers. Pretreatment with ME downregulated messenger RNA of TNF-α and IL-6 inflammatory cytokines and their protein expressions in I/R rats. Marked inhibition of the apoptotic DNA and improvement of the architectures of small intestine were observed after pretreatment with ME. ME exhibits a protective effect against intestinal I/R via amelioration of the oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines gene expression. Therefore, the supplementation of ME prior to intestinal I/R might be helpful in the attenuation of I/R complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanan Saleh
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12631, Egypt
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12631, Egypt
| | - Haidan M. El-Shorbagy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12631, Egypt
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Giza 12631, Egypt
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13
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Sanchez-Me ME, Cruz-Anton L, Arrieta-Ba D, Olivares-C IM, Rojas-Mart R, Martinez-C D, Arrieta J. Gastroprotective Activity of Methyleugenol from Peperomia hispidula on Ethanol-Induced Gastric Lesions in Rats. INT J PHARMACOL 2015. [DOI: 10.3923/ijp.2015.697.704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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14
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Wang ZJ, Tabakoff B, Levinson SR, Heinbockel T. Inhibition of Nav1.7 channels by methyl eugenol as a mechanism underlying its antinociceptive and anesthetic actions. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2015; 36:791-9. [PMID: 26051112 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2015.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 02/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Methyl eugenol is a major active component extracted from the Chinese herb Asari Radix et Rhizoma, which has been used to treat toothache and other pain. Previous in vivo studies have shown that methyl eugenol has anesthetic and antinociceptive effects. The aim of this study was to determine the possible mechanism underlying its effect on nervous system disorders. METHODS The direct interaction of methyl eugenol with Na(+) channels was explored and characterized using electrophysiological recordings from Nav1.7-transfected CHO cells. RESULTS In whole-cell patch clamp mode, methyl eugenol tonically inhibited peripheral nerve Nav1.7 currents in a concentration- and voltage-dependent manner, with an IC50 of 295 μmol/L at a -100 mV holding potential. Functionally, methyl eugenol preferentially bound to Nav1.7 channels in the inactivated and/or open state, with weaker binding to channels in the resting state. Thus, in the presence of methyl eugenol, Nav1.7 channels exhibited reduced availability for activation in a steady-state inactivation protocol, strong use-dependent inhibition, enhanced binding kinetics, and slow recovery from inactivation compared to untreated channels. An estimation of the affinity of methyl eugenol for the resting and inactivated states of the channel also demonstrated that methyl eugenol preferentially binds to inactivated channels, with a 6.4 times greater affinity compared to channels in the resting state. The failure of inactivated channels to completely recover to control levels at higher concentrations of methyl eugenol implies that the drug may drive more drug-bound, fast-inactivated channels into drug-bound, slow-inactivated channels. CONCLUSION Methyl eugenol is a potential candidate as an effective local anesthetic and analgesic. The antinociceptive and anesthetic effects of methyl eugenol result from the inhibitory action of methyl eugenol on peripheral Na(+) channels.
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15
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Inhibitory effect of methyleugenol on IgE-mediated allergic inflammation in RBL-2H3 cells. Mediators Inflamm 2015; 2015:463530. [PMID: 25960618 PMCID: PMC4415531 DOI: 10.1155/2015/463530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2014] [Revised: 02/16/2015] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Allergic diseases, such as asthma and allergic rhinitis, are common. Therefore, the discovery of therapeutic drugs for these conditions is essential. Methyleugenol (ME) is a natural compound with antiallergic, antianaphylactic, antinociceptive, and anti-inflammatory effects. This study examined the antiallergic effect of ME on IgE-mediated inflammatory responses and its antiallergy mechanism in the mast cell line, RBL-2H3. We found that ME significantly inhibited the release of β-hexosaminidase, tumor necrosis factor- (TNF-) α, and interleukin- (IL-) 4, and was not cytotoxic at the tested concentrations (0-100 μM). Additionally, ME markedly reduced the production of the proinflammatory lipid mediators prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin D2 (PGD2), leukotriene B4 (LTB4), and leukotriene C4 (LTC4). We further evaluated the effect of ME on the early stages of the FcεRI cascade. ME significantly inhibited Syk phosphorylation and expression but had no effect on Lyn. Furthermore, it suppressed ERK1/2, p38, and JNK phosphorylation, which is implicated in proinflammatory cytokine expression. ME also decreased cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) phosphorylation and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression. These results suggest that ME inhibits allergic response by suppressing the activation of Syk, ERK1/2, p38, JNK, cPLA2, and 5-LO. Furthermore, the strong inhibition of COX-2 expression may also contribute to the antiallergic action of ME. Our study provides further information about the biological functions of ME.
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16
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Cao GY, Xu W, Yang XW, Gonzalez FJ, Li F. New neolignans from the seeds of Myristica fragrans that inhibit nitric oxide production. Food Chem 2014; 173:231-7. [PMID: 25466017 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2014.09.170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2014] [Revised: 09/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Five new 8-O-4' type neolignans, named myrifralignan A-E (1-5), together with five known analogues (6-10), were isolated from the seeds of Myristica fragrans Houtt. Their chemical structures were determined using several spectroscopic methods. Compounds 3-10 exhibited potent inhibitory activity against the production of nitric oxide (NO) in the RAW264.7 cell line stimulated by lipopolysaccaride. Myrislignan (7) and machilin D (10) were the most potent inhibitors of NO production amongst these compounds. The IC50 values of myrislignan and machilin D were 21.2 and 18.5 μM. And, their inhibitory activity was more than L-N(6)-(1-iminoethyl)-lysine, a selective inhibitor of inducible nitric oxide synthase (IC50=27.1 μM). Furthermore, real-time PCR analysis revealed that these neolignans could significantly suppress the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase mRNA. These results demonstrated that the 8-O-4' type neolignans are promising candidates as anti-inflammatory agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gui-Yun Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs (Peking University), Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs (Peking University), Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xiu-Wei Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs (Peking University), Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Peking University, Beijing 100191, PR China.
| | - Frank J Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Fei Li
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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17
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Fajemiroye JO, da Silva EF, de Oliveira TS, de Oliveira LP, Akanmu MA, Ghedini PC, Pedrino GR, Costa EA. Hypotensive and vasorelaxant effects of (E) - methyl isoeugenol: a naturally occurring food flavour. Food Chem Toxicol 2014; 70:214-21. [PMID: 24842837 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2014.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Revised: 04/16/2014] [Accepted: 05/11/2014] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Application of naturally occurring (E) - methyl isoeugenol (MIE) as food flavour has been widely accepted despite the growing concerns over cardiovascular issue. Hence, we sought to investigate hypotensive property of MIE and the involvement of central and/or peripheral mechanism (s). Variation in mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), systolic blood pressure (SBP), baroreflex sensitivity of normotensive rats and vascular reactivity were recorded. MIE (1.11, 2.25 or 4.50mg/kg, iv) elicited dose-related decrease in MAP (-16.9±1.13; -19.0±4.18 or -27.2±3.65mmHg, respectively) and an increase in HR (17.4±1.79; 24.4±5.11 or 29.9±6.62 bmp, respectively). MIE 25 or 50mg/kg (p.o) reduced the SBP (-13.6±4.18 or -16.6±5.60mmHg, respectively) without altering baroreflex sensitivity. The hypotensive effect of MIE remained unaltered by WAY100635 (antagonist of 5-HT1A) and L-NAME (NO synthase inhibitor). Intracerebroventricular injection of MIE did not change MAP. MIE elicited endothelium independent vasorelaxation (endothelium-intact vessels, Emax 92.5±1.75%; Endothelium-denuded vessels, Emax 91.4±2.79%). MIE blocked CaCl2 or BAY K8644 (L-type voltage gated calcium channel activator)-induced vascular contractions. Our findings showed evidence of hypotensive and vasorelaxation effects of MIE with involvement of calcium channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- James O Fajemiroye
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, 74001-970 Goiânia-GO, Brazil.
| | - Elaine F da Silva
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, 74001-970 Goiânia-GO, Brazil
| | - Thiago S de Oliveira
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, 74001-970 Goiânia-GO, Brazil
| | - Lanussy P de Oliveira
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, 74001-970 Goiânia-GO, Brazil
| | - Moses A Akanmu
- Department of Pharmacology, Obafemi Awolowo University Ile Ife, P.O. Box 1282, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Paulo C Ghedini
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, 74001-970 Goiânia-GO, Brazil
| | - Gustavo R Pedrino
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, 74001-970 Goiânia-GO, Brazil
| | - Elson A Costa
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Campus Samambaia, 74001-970 Goiânia-GO, Brazil
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18
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Mnafgui K, Kaanich F, Derbali A, Hamden K, Derbali F, Slama S, Allouche N, Elfeki A. Inhibition of key enzymes related to diabetes and hypertension by Eugenol in vitro and in alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Arch Physiol Biochem 2013; 119:225-33. [PMID: 23886079 DOI: 10.3109/13813455.2013.822521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The present study investigated the effect of treating diabetic rats with eugenol (EG). In vitro enzyme activity was measured in the presence of eugenol, and it was found to inhibit pancreatic α-amylase (IC(50) = 62.53 µg/mL) and lipase (IC(50) = 72.34 µg/mL) as well as angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) activity (IC50 = 130.67 µg/mL). In vivo, EG reduced the activity of amylase in serum, pancreas and intestine also the peak level of glucose by 60% compared to diabetic rats. Furthermore, eugenol similar to acarbose reduced serum glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), lipase and ACE levels. In addition, treatments with EG showed notable decrease in serum total-cholesterol, triglycerides and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol levels with an increase of high density lipoprotein-cholesterol. Overall, EG significantly reverted back to near normal the values of the biochemical biomarkers such as transaminases (AST&ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), creatine phosphokinase (CPK) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) activities, total-bilirubin, creatinine, urea and uric acid rates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kais Mnafgui
- Laboratory of Animal Ecophysiology, Faculty of Sciences of Sfax, University of Sfax , P.O. Box 95, Sfax 3052 , Tunisia
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Ximenes RM, de Morais Nogueira L, Cassundé NMR, Jorge RJB, dos Santos SM, Magalhães LPM, Silva MR, de Barros Viana GS, Araújo RM, de Sena KXDFR, de Albuquerque JFC, Martins RD. Antinociceptive and wound healing activities of Croton adamantinus Müll. Arg. essential oil. J Nat Med 2013; 67:758-64. [PMID: 23339025 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-012-0740-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2012] [Accepted: 12/25/2012] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Leaves of Croton adamantinus have been used to treat inflammation and skin wounds in the semi-arid area of the Northeast of Brazil. In order to evaluate if the essential oil (EO) was responsible for the claimed activities; antinociceptive, wound healing and antimicrobial tests were carried out. Twenty constituents were identified in C. adamantinus EO by GC-MS, ¹H-NMR and ¹³C-NMR, the major compounds being methyl-eugenol (14.81%) and 1,8-cineol (13.74%). Antinociceptive activity was evaluated by the formalin test and the abdominal contortion assay in mice. The EO (50 and 100 mg/kg) decreased the licking time of both phases of the formalin test when compared to the vehicle, but not to morphine (7.5 mg/kg). In the abdominal contortion assay, the EO (50 and 100 mg/kg) reduced the number of contortions compared to the vehicle and to indometacin (10 mg/kg). The wound healing activity was verified also using two experimental models: excisional wound and dead space. Topical treatment with the EO (1%) increased the wound contraction from the third day of treatment (compared with nitrofurazone 0.2%), while systemic treatment (50 mg/kg/day) increased granulation tissue formation and reduced the water content. C. adamantinus EO also showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus in disk diffusion method. These results corroborate the ethnobotanical use of this specie by Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Matos Ximenes
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Rua Coronel Nunes de Melo 1315, Fortaleza, CE, 60.430-270, Brazil,
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20
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Lima FC, Peixoto-Neves D, Gomes MDM, Coelho-de-Souza AN, Lima CC, Araújo Zin W, Magalhães PJC, Saad L, Leal-Cardoso JH. Antispasmodic effects of eugenol on rat airway smooth muscle. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2010; 25:690-9. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2010.00892.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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21
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Suanarunsawat T, Devakul Na Ayutthaya W, Songsak T, Rattanamahaphoom J. Anti-lipidemic actions of essential oil extracted from Ocimum sanctum L. leaves in rats fed with high cholesterol diet. J Appl Biomed 2009. [DOI: 10.32725/jab.2009.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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22
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23
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Yano S, Suzuki Y, Yuzurihara M, Kase Y, Takeda S, Watanabe S, Aburada M, Miyamoto KI. Antinociceptive effect of methyleugenol on formalin-induced hyperalgesia in mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2006; 553:99-103. [PMID: 17049512 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2006.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2006] [Revised: 09/07/2006] [Accepted: 09/08/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The effects of methyleugenol, an essential oil isolated from Asiasari radix, on antinociception were examined using the formalin test in mice. Oral administration of 10 mg/kg methyleugenol significantly decreased the duration of licking and biting behavior in the second phase without affecting that of the first phase, as did diclofenac, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Methyleugenol also inhibited pain-related behaviors induced by intrathecal injection of N-methyl-d-aspartic acid (NMDA), while diclofenac did not affect these behaviors. These effects of methyleugenol were suppressed by bicuculline, a gamma-aminobutyric acid(A) (GABA(A)) antagonist. Muscimol, a GABA(A) agonist, displays the same action as methyleugenol with respect to the formalin test and NMDA-induced behaviors. Methyleugenol did not affect cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 activities. These results suggest that the antinociceptive effect of methyleugenol on the second phase of formalin-induced pain may be due to the inhibition of NMDA receptor-mediated hyperalgesia via GABA(A) receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shingo Yano
- Central Research Laboratory, Research and Development Division, Tsumura and Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Inashiki-gun, Ibaraki 300-1192, Japan
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24
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Ueda-Nakamura T, Mendonça-Filho RR, Morgado-Díaz JA, Korehisa Maza P, Prado Dias Filho B, Aparício Garcia Cortez D, Alviano DS, Rosa MDSS, Lopes AHCS, Alviano CS, Nakamura CV. Antileishmanial activity of Eugenol-rich essential oil from Ocimum gratissimum. Parasitol Int 2006; 55:99-105. [PMID: 16343984 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2005.10.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2005] [Accepted: 10/28/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is a group of diseases with a large spectrum of clinical manifestations caused by protozoans of the genus Leishmania. Here we demonstrate the leishmanicidal activity of the essential oil of Ocimum gratissimum as well as its main constituent, eugenol. The eugenol-rich essential oil of O. gratissimum progressively inhibited Leishmania amazonensis growth at concentrations ranging from 100 to 1000 microg/ml. The IC50 (sub-inhibitory concentration) of the essential oil for promastigotes and amastigotes were respectively 135 and 100 microg/ml and the IC50 of eugenol was 80 microg/ml for promastigote forms. L. amazonensis exposed to essential oil at concentrations corresponding to IC50 for promastigotes and for amastigotes underwent considerable ultrastructural alterations, as shown by transmission electron microscopy. Two or more nuclei or flagella were observed in 31% and 23.3% of treated amastigote and promastigote forms, respectively, suggesting interference in cell division. Considerable mitochondrial swelling was observed in essential oil-treated promastigotes and amastigotes, which had the inner mitochondrial membrane altered, with a significant increase in the number of cristae; in some amastigotes the mitochondrial matrix became less electron-dense. The minimum inhibitory concentration for both promastigotes and amastigotes was 150 microg/ml. Pretreatment of mouse peritoneal macrophages with 100 and 150 microg/ml essential oil reduced the indices of association between promastigotes and the macrophages, followed by increased in nitric oxide production by the infected macrophages. The essential oil showed no cytototoxic effects against mammalian cells. This set of results suggests that O. gratissimum essential oil and its compounds could be used as sources for new antileishmanial drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Ueda-Nakamura
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Brazil
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Lahlou S, Magalhães PJC, de Siqueira RJB, Figueiredo AF, Interaminense LFL, Maia JGS, Sousa PJDC. Cardiovascular effects of the essential oil of Aniba canelilla bark in normotensive rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2006; 46:412-21. [PMID: 16160591 DOI: 10.1097/01.fjc.0000175876.25296.f4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular effects of intravenous (i.v.) treatment with the essential oil of the bark of Aniba canelilla (EOAC) were investigated in normotensive rats. In both pentobarbital-anesthetized and conscious rats, i.v. bolus injections of EOAC (1 to 20 mg/kg) elicited similar and dose-dependent hypotension and bradycardia. Pretreatment of anesthetized rats with bilateral vagotomy significantly reduced the bradycardia without affecting the hypotension. In conscious rats, pretreatment with hexamethonium (30 mg/kg, i.v.) significantly reduced the EOAC-induced bradycardia without affecting the hypotension. The opposite effect was observed after i.v. pretreatment with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, N-nitro-L-arginine methyl esther (L-NAME, 20 mg/kg). However, both EOAC-induced hypotension and bradycardia were significantly reduced by pretreatment with methylatropine (1 mg/kg, i.v.). In rat endothelium-containing aorta preparations, EOAC (1-600 microg/mL) induced a concentration-dependent reduction of potassium (60 mM)-induced contraction [IC50 (geometric mean+/-95% confidence interval)=64.5 (45.6-91.2) microg/mL)], an effect that was significantly reduced by the addition of atropine (10 microM) in the perfusion medium [IC50=109.5 (72.5-165.4) microg/mL)]. Furthermore, the vasorelaxant effects of the EOAC were also but significantly reduced [IC50=139.1 (105.2-183.9) microg/mL)] by removal of the vascular endothelium. Furthermore, the CaCl2-induced contractions in calcium-free medium were reduced and even fully abolished by EOAC (100 and 600 microg/mL), respectively. However, EOAC (600 microg/mL) was without significant effect on caffeine-induced contractions in calcium-free medium. These data show that i.v. treatment of rats with EOAC induces dose-dependent hypotension and bradycardia, which occurred independently. The bradycardia appears mainly dependent upon the presence of an operational and functional parasympathetic drive to the heart. However, the hypotension is due to an active vascular relaxation rather than withdrawal of sympathetic tone. This relaxation seems partly mediated by an endothelial L-arginine/nitric oxide pathway through peripheral muscarinic receptor activation (endothelium-dependent relaxation) and predominantly through an inhibition of calcium inward current (endothelium-independent relaxation).
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Aorta, Thoracic/drug effects
- Aorta, Thoracic/physiology
- Blood Pressure/drug effects
- Caffeine/pharmacology
- Cardiovascular System/drug effects
- Central Nervous System Stimulants/pharmacology
- Consciousness
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Endothelium, Vascular/drug effects
- Endothelium, Vascular/physiology
- Heart Rate/drug effects
- Hexamethonium/pharmacology
- In Vitro Techniques
- Injections, Intravenous
- Lauraceae
- Male
- Myocardial Contraction/drug effects
- NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester/pharmacology
- Nitric Oxide Synthase/antagonists & inhibitors
- Oils, Volatile/administration & dosage
- Oils, Volatile/isolation & purification
- Oils, Volatile/pharmacology
- Plant Bark/chemistry
- Potassium/pharmacology
- Rats
- Rats, Wistar
- Time Factors
- Vasoconstriction/drug effects
- Vasodilation/drug effects
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Lahlou
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Suárez AI, Vásquez LJ, Manzano MA, Compagnone RS. Essential oil composition ofCroton cuneatus andCroton malambo growing in Venezuela. FLAVOUR FRAG J 2005. [DOI: 10.1002/ffj.1498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Magalhães PJC, Lahlou S, Leal-Cardoso JH. Antispasmodic effects of the essential oil of Croton nepetaefolius on guinea-pig ileum: a myogenic activity. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2004; 18:539-46. [PMID: 15482375 DOI: 10.1111/j.1472-8206.2004.00276.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The effects of essential oil of Croton nepetaefolius (EOCN) on guinea-pig-isolated ileum were studied. We previously demonstrated that EOCN induced reversible relaxation of ileal tone artificially increased by high [K(+)] nutrient solution. This study aimed to elucidate whether these effects were caused by indirect, neural, or primarily by myogenic effect. EOCN (40 microg/mL) induced a relaxation of basal tone corresponding to approximately 38% of the reference contraction (K(+) 60 mM), and was unaltered by 0.5 mM hexamethonium, 0.5 microM tetrodotoxin, 1 microM indomethacin, and 100 microM L-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME). Epinephrine- (100 microM) and EOCN-induced maximal relaxation of ileum pre-contracted with 60 mM KCl represented 16.8 +/- 2.3% (n = 10) and 95.0 +/- 6.4% (n = 6) of KCl-induced contraction, respectively. EOCN (200 micro/mL) had no effect on the transmembrane resting potential (E(m)) of ileum in nutrient solutions with normal (5 mM) and high (80 mM) [K(+)]. EOCN similarly inhibited the contractions induced by KCl, acetylcholine (ACh) and histamine (IC(50) values of approximately 18, 28 and 21 microg/mL, respectively). EOCN also inhibited both the nifedipine-insensitive component of ACh-induced contraction and the contraction induced by ACh in Ca(2+)-free solution. EOCN accelerated the reversal of a KCl-induced tonic contraction upon withdrawal of Ca(2+) from the extracellular medium. Our results suggest that EOCN induces relaxation of guinea-pig ileum by a direct action on smooth muscle via a mechanism largely independent of alterations of E(m) and Ca(2+) influx, possibly at the level of the contractile apparatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pedro Jorge Caldas Magalhães
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
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Lahlou S, Interaminense LFL, Magalhães PJC, Leal-Cardoso JH, Duarte GP. Cardiovascular effects of eugenol, a phenolic compound present in many plant essential oils, in normotensive rats. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol 2004; 43:250-7. [PMID: 14716213 DOI: 10.1097/00005344-200402000-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular effects of intravenous (i.v.) treatment with eugenol (Eug), a natural pungent present in many plant essential oils, were investigated in normotensive rats. In either anesthetized or conscious rats, i.v. bolus injections of Eug (1 to 10 mg/kg) elicited immediate and dose-dependent hypotension and bradycardia. Magnitude of Eug-induced hypotension was similar in both groups. Pretreatment of anesthetized rats with bilateral vagotomy almost abolished the bradycardic responses to Eug without affecting the hypotension. Likewise, i.v. pretreatment of conscious rats with methylatropine (1 mg/kg) or hexamethonium (30 mg/kg) significantly reduced the Eug-induced bradycardia without affecting the hypotension. However, i.v. pretreatment with the nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl (L-NAME, 20 mg/kg), affected neither the hypotension nor the bradycardia elicited by Eug. In rat mesenteric bed preparations precontracted with potassium (60 mM), Eug (0.1-2 mM) induced a reversible and concentration-dependent vasodilator effect, which remained unaffected by atropine (1 microM). These results show that i.v. treatment of rats with Eug induces dose-dependent hypotension and bradycardia, which occurred independently. The bradycardia appears dependent upon the presence of an intact and functional parasympathetic nerve drive to the heart while the hypotension is due to an active vascular relaxation rather than withdrawal of sympathetic tone. Released nitric oxide from vascular endothelial cells seems to be not involved in the mediation of Eug-induced hypotension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Lahlou
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Pernambuco, Recife, Brazil.
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Lahlou S, Figueiredo AF, Magalhães PJC, Leal-Cardoso JH, Gloria PD. Cardiovascular effects of methyleugenol, a natural constituent of many plant essential oils, in normotensive rats. Life Sci 2004; 74:2401-12. [PMID: 14998717 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2003.09.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2003] [Accepted: 09/16/2003] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular effects of intravenous (i.v.) treatment with methyleugenol (ME), a natural constituent of many plant essential oils, were investigated in normotensive rats. Additionally this study examined (I) whether the autonomic nervous system is involved in the mediation of ME-induced changes in mean aortic pressure (MAP) and heart rate (HR), and (II) whether the hypotensive effects of ME could result from its vasodilatory effects directly upon vascular smooth muscle. In both pentobarbital-anesthetized and conscious rats, i.v. bolus injections of ME (1 to 10 mg/kg) elicited similar and dose-dependent decreases in MAP. In anesthetized rats, ME decreased HR only at the highest dose (10 mg/kg), while changes of this parameter were not uniform in conscious rats. Pretreatment of anesthetized rats with bilateral vagotomy significantly reduced the bradycardia response to ME (10 mg/kg) without affecting the hypotension. In conscious rats, i.v. pretreatment with methylatropine (1 mg/kg) or hexamethonium (30 mg/kg) had no significant effect on ME-induced hypotension. In rat isolated thoracic aorta preparations, ME (0.006-1.68 mM) induced a concentration-dependent reduction of potassium (60 mM)-induced contraction. This is the first physiological evidence that i.v. treatment with ME in either anesthetized or conscious rats elicits hypotension; an effect that seems related to an active vascular relaxation rather than withdrawal of sympathetic tone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saad Lahlou
- Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Avenida Prof. Moraes Rego, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil.
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Abstract
Eugenol is a natural pungent substance and the main component of clove oil, with vasorelaxant action. To elucidate some of the possible mechanisms involved in this action isometric tension was measured in aortic rings from male Wistar rats precontracted with phenylephrine (PHE, 10(-7) M) or KCl (75 mM). Responses to increasing concentrations of eugenol (10(-6)-10(-2) M) were obtained in the presence and absence of endothelium. In the presence of eugenol, dose-response curves to PHE (10(-9) to 10(-4) M) and KCl (5-125 mM) were displaced downwards. Concentration-dependent relaxation was observed in rings precontracted with PHE (10(-7) M) and KCl (75 mM). The tension increment produced by increasing external calcium concentration (0.25-3 mM) was also reduced by eugenol (300 microM) treatment. The inhibitory effects of eugenol (300 microM) were compared to those induced by nifedipine (0.01 microM), a selective Ca(2+) channel blocker, producing similar relaxant effects. Two other protocols were performed. After precontraction with PHE (10(-7) M), increasing concentrations of eugenol (10(-6)-10(-2) M) were used before and after N(w)-nitro-L-arginine (L-NAME, 10(-4) M) and methylene blue (10(-5) M) treatment. Eugenol-induced relaxation was reduced by endothelial damage (rubbing), L-NAME and methylene blue treatments. Results suggested that eugenol produces smooth muscle relaxation resulting from the blockade of both voltage-sensitive and receptor-operated channels that are modulated by endothelial-generated nitric oxide.
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Leal-Cardoso JH, Lahlou S, Coelho-de-Souza AN, Criddle DN, Pinto Duarte GIB, Santos MAV, Magalhães PJC. Inhibitory actions of eugenol on rat isolated ileum. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2002; 80:901-6. [PMID: 12430985 DOI: 10.1139/y02-117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The effects of eugenol (1-2000 microM) on rat isolated ileum were studied. Eugenol relaxed the basal tonus (IC50 83 microM) and the ileum precontracted with 60 mM KCl (IC50 162 microM), an action unaltered by 0.5 microM tetrodotoxin, 0.2 mM N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, 0.5 mM hexamethonium, and 1 microM indomethacin. Eugenol did not alter the resting transmembrane potential (Em) of the longitudinal muscle layer under normal conditions (5.0 mM K+) or in depolarised tissues. Eugenol reversibly inhibited contractions induced by submaximal concentrations of acetylcholine (ACh) and K+ (40 mM) with IC50 values of approximately 228 and 237 microM, respectively. Eugenol blocked the component of ACh-induced contraction obtained in Ca(2+)-free solution (0.2 mM EGTA) or in the presence of nifedipine (1 microM). Our results suggest that eugenol induces relaxation of rat ileum by a direct action on smooth muscle via a mechanism largely independent of alterations of Em and extracellular Ca2+ influx.
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