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Gegentana, Xu F, Huang YF, Li HF, Yang P, Shang MY, Liu GX, Li YL, Wang X, Cai SQ. 20 potentially new compounds and 11 new bioactive constituents found in Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma utilizing HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS n. Phytochem Anal 2024. [PMID: 38639052 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/20/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma (SGR) is rich in chemical constituents with a variety of pharmacological activities. However, in-depth research has yet to be conducted on the chemical and pharmacodynamic constituents of SGR. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, the chemical constituents of SGR were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and the pharmacodynamic compounds responsible for the medicinal effects of SGR were elucidated through a literature review. RESULTS In total, 20 potentially new compounds, including 16 flavonoids (C19, C20, and C27-C40) and four phenylpropanoids (C107, C112, C113, and C118), together with 161 known ones were identified in the ethanol extract of SGR using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and 25 of them were unequivocally identified by comparison with reference compounds. Moreover, 17 known constituents of them were identified in the plants of genus Smilax for the first time, and 16 were identified in the plant Smilax glabra Roxb. for the first time. Of 161 known compounds, 84 constituents (including isomers) have been reported to have 17 types of pharmacological activities, covering all known pharmacological activities of SGR; among these 84 bioactive constituents, six were found in the plants of genus Smilax for the first time and five were found in S. glabra for the first time, which are new bioactive constituents found in the plants of genus Smilax and the plant S. glabra, respectively. CONCLUSION The results provide further information on the chemical composition of SGR, laying the foundation for the elucidation of the pharmacodynamic substances of SGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gegentana
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
- College of Traditional Mongolian Medicine, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan-Fei Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Ethnic Medicinal Resources Protection and Utilization Key Laboratory of National Ethnic Affairs Commission of the People's Republic of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong-Fu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
- Center for Drug Evaluation, National Medical Products Administration, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Zhang J, Hao BQ, Li YQ, Wang GL, Xu F, Liu GX, Shang MY, Cai SQ. [Existence forms of Tiantian Capsules and its raw material Aloe in rats]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2024; 49:1641-1660. [PMID: 38621949 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20231215.201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
This study explored the existence forms(original constituents and metabolites) of Tiantian Capsules, Aloe, and Tiantian Capsules without Aloe in rats for the first time, aiming to clarify the contribution of Aloe to the existence form of Tiantian Capsules. Rats were administrated with corresponding drugs by gavage once a day for seven consecutive days. All urine and feces samples were collected during the seven days of administration, and blood samples were collected 0.5, 1, and 1.5 h after the last administration. UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS was employed to detect and identify the original constituents and metabolites in the samples. A total of 34, 28, and 2 original constituents and 64, 94, and 0 metabolites were identified in the samples of rats administrated with Aloe, Tiantian Capsules, and Tiantian Capsules without Aloe, respectively. The main metabolic reactions were methylation, hydrogenation, hydroxylation, dehydroxylation, glucuronidation, and sulfation. This study clarified for the first time the existence forms and partial metabolic pathways of Aloe, Tiantian Capsules, and Tiantian Capsules without Aloe in rats, laying a foundation for revealing their effective forms. The findings are of great significance to the research on the functioning mechanism and quality control of Aloe and Tiantian Capsules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bei-Quan Hao
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yin-Qing Li
- Hebei Yuzhilin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Guang-Lu Wang
- Hebei Yuzhilin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. Shijiazhuang 050035, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
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Li MY, Li Y, Wang LL, Xu F, Guo XY, Zhang J, Lv Y, Wang PP, Wang SQ, Min JG, Zou X, Cai SQ. Chemical profiling of Sanjin tablets and exploration of their effective substances and mechanism in the treatment of urinary tract infections. Front Chem 2023; 11:1179956. [PMID: 37408563 PMCID: PMC10318440 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2023.1179956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Sanjin tablets (SJT) are a well-known Chinese patent drug that have been used to treat urinary tract infections (UTIs) for the last 40 years. The drug consists of five herbs, but only 32 compounds have been identified, which hinders the clarification of its effective substances and mechanism. Methods: The chemical constituents of SJT and their effective substances and functional mechanism involved in the treatment of UTIs were investigated by using high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-ion trap-time of flight-mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn), network pharmacology, and molecular docking. Results: A total of 196 compounds of SJT (SJT-MS) were identified, and 44 of them were unequivocally identified by comparison with the reference compounds. Among 196 compounds, 13 were potential new compounds and 183 were known compounds. Among the 183 known compounds, 169 were newly discovered constituents of SJT, and 93 compounds were not reported in the five constituent herbs. Through the network pharmacology method, 119 targets related to UTIs of 183 known compounds were predicted, and 20 core targets were screened out. Based on the "compound-target" relationship analysis, 94 compounds were found to act on the 20 core targets and were therefore regarded as potential effective compounds. According to the literature, 27 of the 183 known compounds were found to possess antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities and were verified as effective substances, of which 20 were first discovered in SJT. Twelve of the 27 effective substances overlapped with the 94 potential effective compounds and were determined as key effective substances of SJT. The molecular docking results showed that the 12 key effective substances and 10 selected targets of the core targets have good affinity for each other. Discussion: These results provide a solid foundation for understanding the effective substances and mechanism of SJT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Li Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Feng Xu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xu-Yan Guo
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yang Lv
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Pu Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shun-Qi Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jian-Guo Min
- Guilin Sanjin Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Guilin, China
| | - Xun Zou
- Guilin Sanjin Pharmaceutical Company Limited, Guilin, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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Yang L, Cheng CF, Li ZF, Huang XJ, Cai SQ, Ye SY, Zhao LJ, Xiong Y, Chen DF, Liu HL, Ren ZX, Fang HC. Berberine blocks inflammasome activation and alleviates diabetic cardiomyopathy via the miR‑18a‑3p/Gsdmd pathway. Int J Mol Med 2023; 51:49. [PMID: 37114562 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2023.5252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetic cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a cardiovascular disease which has been reported as a major cause of mortality worldwide for several years. Berberine (BBR) is a natural compound extracted from a Chinese herb, with a clinically reported anti‑DCM effect; however, its molecular mechanisms have not yet been fully elucidated. The present study indicated that BBR markedly alleviated DCM by inhibiting IL‑1β secretion and the expression of gasdermin D (Gsdmd) at the post‑transcriptional level. Considering the importance of microRNAs (miRNAs/miRs) in the regulation of the post‑transcriptional process of specific genes, the ability of BBR to upregulate the expression levels of miR‑18a‑3p by activating its promoter (‑1,000/‑500) was examined. Notably, miR‑18a‑3p targeted Gsdmd and abated pyroptosis in high glucose‑treated H9C2 cells. Moreover, miR‑18a‑3p overexpression inhibited Gsdmd expression and improved biomarkers of cardiac function in a rat model of DCM. On the whole, the findings of the present study indicate that BBR alleviates DCM by inhibiting miR‑18a‑3p‑mediated Gsdmd activation; thus, BBR may be considered a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Chun-Feng Cheng
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Fang Li
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Jing Huang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Shan-Yu Ye
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Li-Jun Zhao
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Yi Xiong
- Biomedical Research Institute, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Medical Center, Shenzhen Peking University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518036, P.R. China
| | - Dong-Feng Chen
- Department of Anatomy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P.R. China
| | - He-Lu Liu
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
| | - Zhen-Xing Ren
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai 200233, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Cheng Fang
- Shenzhen Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518104, P.R. China
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Mo HH, Liang XS, Liu LH, Ye LM, Cai SQ, Luo J, Kong JL, Wang K. [A case report of chronic granulomatous disease with CYBB gene mutation in an adult]. Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2023; 46:493-497. [PMID: 37147812 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112147-20220815-00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
We reported a 28-year-old male patient who had been admitted to a local hospital for several times in the past four years because of recurrent fever and cough. Each chest CT scan during hospitalization showed consolidation accompanied by exudation and mild pleural effusion. After treatment, the consolidation apparently absorbed, but similar symptoms recurred within half a year, and the new consolidation appeared. For this reason, he was diagnosed with tuberculosis or bacterial pneumonia several times in other hospitals, and was hospitalized two to three times a year. Finally, he was diagnosed with chronic granulomatous disease (CGD) with CYBB gene mutation through whole-exome sequencing.
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Affiliation(s)
- H H Mo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - X S Liang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery,Guangxi Chest Hospital, Liuzhou 545005, China
| | - L H Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - L M Ye
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - S Q Cai
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - J Luo
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - J L Kong
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
| | - K Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China
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Chen SM, Zhao CK, Yao LC, Wang LX, Ma YN, Meng L, Cai SQ, Liu CY, Qu LK, Jia YX, Shou CC. Aiphanol, a multi-targeting stilbenolignan, potently suppresses mouse lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic metastasis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2023; 44:189-200. [PMID: 35778489 PMCID: PMC9813257 DOI: 10.1038/s41401-022-00940-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The high incidence of lymphatic metastasis is closely related to poor prognosis and mortality in cancers. Potent inhibitors to prevent pathological lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic spread are urgently needed. The VEGF-C-VEGFR3 pathway plays a vital role in driving lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis. In addition, COX2 in tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) facilitates lymphangiogenesis. We recently reported that aiphanol, a natural stilbenolignan, attenuates tumor angiogenesis by repressing VEGFR2 and COX2. In this study, we evaluated the antilymphangiogenic and antimetastatic potency of aiphanol using in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo systems. We first demonstrated that aiphanol directly bound to VEGFR3 and blocked its kinase activity with an half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of 0.29 μM in an in vitro ADP-GloTM kinase assay. Furthermore, we showed that aiphanol (7.5-30 μM) dose-dependently counteracted VEGF-C-induced proliferation, migration and tubular formation of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), which was further verified in vivo. VEGFR3 knockdown markedly mitigated the inhibitory potency of aiphanol on lymphangiogenesis. In 4T1-luc breast tumor-bearing mice, oral administration of aiphanol (5 and 30 mg· kg-1 ·d-1) dose-dependently decreased lymphatic metastasis and prolonged survival time, which was associated with impaired lymphangiogenesis, angiogenesis and, interestingly, macrophage infiltration. In addition, we found that aiphanol decreased the COX2-dependent secretion of PGE2 and VEGF-C from tumor cells and macrophages. These results demonstrate that aiphanol is an appealing agent for preventing lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic dissemination by synergistically targeting VEGFR3 and inhibiting the COX2-PGE2-VEGF-C signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Mei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Chuan-Ke Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Li-Cheng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Li-Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Yu-Nan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Laboratory Animal, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Lin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Cai-Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China
| | - Li-Ke Qu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China.
| | - Yan-Xing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, China.
| | - Cheng-Chao Shou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & Institute, Beijing, 100142, China.
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Chen SM, Feng JN, Zhao CK, Yao LC, Wang LX, Meng L, Cai SQ, Liu CY, Qu LK, Jia YX, Shou CC. A multi-targeting natural product, aiphanol, inhibits tumor growth and metastasis. Am J Cancer Res 2022; 12:4930-4953. [PMID: 36504899 PMCID: PMC9729891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer is one of the main causes of death in humans worldwide, the development of more effective anticancer drugs that can inhibit the malignant progression of cancer cells is of great significance. Aiphanol is a natural product identified from the seeds of Arecaceae and the rhizome of Smilax glabra Roxb. Our preliminary studies revealed that it had potential antiangiogenic and antilymphangiogenic activity by directly targeting VEGFR2/3 and COX2 in endothelial cells. However, the influence of aiphanol on cancer cells per se remains largely undefined. In this study, the effects and related mechanisms of aiphanol on cancer growth and metastasis were evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Acute toxicity assay and pharmacokinetic analysis were utilized to investigate the safety profile and metabolism characteristics of aiphanol. We revealed that aiphanol inhibited the proliferation of various types of cancer cells and the growth of xenograft tumors in mice and zebrafish models. The possible mechanism was associated with the inactivation of multiple kinases, including FAK, AKT and ERK, and the upregulation of BAX and cleaved caspase-3 to promote cancer cell apoptosis. Aiphanol significantly inhibited cancer cell migration and invasion, which was related to the inhibition of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and F-actin aggregation. Aiphanol effectively attenuated the metastasis of several types of cancer cells in vivo. In addition, aiphanol exerted no significant toxicity and had fast metabolism. Collectively, we demonstrated the anticancer effects of aiphanol and suggested that aiphanol has potential as a safe and effective therapeutic agent to treat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Mei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijing, China
| | - Jun-Nan Feng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijing, China,Key Laboratory of Molecular Pathology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou, China
| | - Chuan-Ke Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijing, China
| | - Li-Cheng Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Li-Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijing, China
| | - Lin Meng
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijing, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Cai-Yun Liu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijing, China
| | - Li-Ke Qu
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijing, China
| | - Yan-Xing Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking UniversityBeijing, China
| | - Cheng-Chao Shou
- Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research (Ministry of Education/Beijing), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Peking University Cancer Hospital & InstituteBeijing, China
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Xu F, Li FC, Zhang YF, Shen SJ, Yang P, Yang XX, Shang MY, Liu GX, Li YL, Wang X, Cai SQ. Corrigendum to "Discovery of the active compounds of Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma by utilizing the relationship between the individual differences in blood drug concentration and the pharmacological effect in rats" [J. Ethnopharmacol. 258C (2020) 112886]. J Ethnopharmacol 2022; 298:115664. [PMID: 36028443 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Feng-Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Yi-Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Shu-Jie Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Ping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Xin-Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Yao-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
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Zhang J, Lv Y, Zhang J, Bai YS, Li MY, Wang SQ, Wang LL, Liu GX, Xu F, Shang MY, Cai SQ. Analysis of In Vivo Existence Forms of Nardosinone in Mice by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS Technique. Molecules 2022; 27:7267. [PMID: 36364095 PMCID: PMC9653913 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27217267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Nardosinone, a sesquiterpene peroxide, is one of the main active constituents of the ethnomedicine Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma, and it has many bioactivities, such as antiarrhythmia and cardioprotection. To elucidate its in vivo existence forms, its metabolism is first studied using mice. All urine and feces are collected during the six days of oral dosing of nardosinone, and blood is collected at one hour after the last dose. Besides, to validate some metabolites, a fast experiment is performed, in which nardosinone was orally administered and the subsequent one-hour urine is collected and immediately analyzed by UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS. In total, 76 new metabolites are identified in this study, including 39, 51, and 12 metabolites in urine, plasma, and feces, respectively. Nardosinone can be converted into nardosinone acid or its isomers. The metabolic reactions of nardosinone included hydroxylation, hydrogenation, dehydration, glucuronidation, sulfation, demethylation, and carboxylation. There are 56 and 20 metabolites with the structural skeleton of nardosinone and nardosinone acid, respectively. In total, 77 in vivo existence forms of nardosinone are found in mice. Nardosinone is mainly excreted in urine and is not detected in the feces. These findings will lay the foundation for further research of the in vivo effective forms of nardosinone and Nardostachyos Radix et Rhizoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yang Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu-Sha Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Meng-Yuan Li
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Shun-Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li-Li Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, No. 156 Jinshui East Road, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
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Xu JJ, Xu F, Wang W, Wang PP, Xian J, Han X, Shang MY, Liu GX, Wang X, Cai SQ. Paeoniae Radix Rubra can enhance fatty acid β-oxidation and alleviate gut microbiota disorder in α-naphthyl isothiocyanate induced cholestatic model rats. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1002922. [DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1002922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cholestasis is the most destructive pathological manifestation of liver disease and available treatments are very limited. Paeoniae Radix Rubra (PRR) is an important traditional Chinese drug used to treat cholestasis. This study combined targeted metabonomics, PCR array analysis, and 16S rRNA sequencing analysis to further clarify the mechanisms of PRR in the treatment of cholestasis. PRR conspicuously reversed the elevation of fatty acids (FFA 14:0 and other 14 fatty acids) and the decrease of organic acids (pyruvic acid and citric acid) in a cholestatic model induced by α-naphthyl isothiocyanate (ANIT). Eight elevated amino acids (L-proline, etc.) and five elevated secondary bile acids (taurohyodeoxycholic acid, etc.) in model rats were also reduced by PRR. Pathway analysis revealed that PRR significantly alleviated eight pathways (β-alanine metabolism). Furthermore, we found that PRR significantly reversed the decrease of Cpt1a, Hadha, Ppara, and Slc25a20 (four genes relevant to fatty acid β-oxidation) mRNAs caused by ANIT, and PRR conspicuously decreased nine acylcarnitines (the forms of fatty acids into mitochondria for β-oxidation) that increased in model rats. These results indicate that PRR could enhance fatty acid β-oxidation, which may be the way for PRR to reduce the levels of 15 fatty acids in the serum of model rats. 16S rRNA sequencing analysis revealed that PRR alleviated gut microbiota disorders in model rats, including upregulating four genera (Coprococcus, Lactobacillus, etc.) and downregulating four genera (Bacteroides, Escherichia, etc.). As the relative abundance of these eight genera was significantly correlated with the levels of the five secondary bile acids (deoxycholic acid, taurolithocholic acid, etc.) reduced by PRR, and Bacteroides and Escherichia were reported to promote the production of secondary bile acid, we inferred that the downregulation of PRR on five secondary bile acids in model rats was inseparable from gut microbiota. Thus, the gut microbiota also might be a potential pharmacological target for the anticholestatic activity of PRR. In conclusion, we consider that the mechanisms of PRR in treating cholestasis include enhancing fatty acid β-oxidation and alleviating gut microbiota disorders.
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Zhang J, Lv Y, Zhang J, Shi WJ, Guo XY, Xu JJ, Wang PP, Chen XT, Xiang LH, Xu F, Wang X, Cai SQ. Metabolism of Paeoniae Radix Rubra and its 14 constituents in mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:995641. [PMID: 36267278 PMCID: PMC9577399 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.995641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Paeoniae Radix Rubra (PRR) is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine with the effects of clearing away heat, cooling the blood, and relieving blood stasis. To 1) elucidate the metabolites and metabolic pathways of PRR and its 14 main constituents in mice and 2) reveal the possible origins of the known effective forms of PRR and their isomers, the metabolism of PRR in mice was systematically studied for the first time. Methods: PRR and its 14 constituents were administered to mice by gavage once a day for seven consecutive days, respectively. All urine and feces were collected during the 7 days of dosing, and blood was collected at 1 h after the last dose. Metabolites were detected and identified using high performance liquid chromatography with diode array detector and combined with electrospray ionization ion trap time-of-flight multistage mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn). Results: In total, 23, 16, 24, 17, 18, 30, 27, 17, 22, 17, 33, 3, 8, 24, and 31 metabolites of paeoniflorin, albiflorin, oxypaeoniflorin, benzoylpaeoniflorin, hydroxybenzoylpaeoniflorin, benzoyloxypaeoniflorin, galloylpaeoniflorin, lactiflorin, epicatechin gallate, catechin gallate, catechin, ellagic acid, 3,3′-di-O-methylellagic acid, methylgallate, and PRR were respectively identified in mice; after eliminating identical metabolites, a total of 195 metabolites remained, including 8, 11, 25, 17, 18, 30, 27, 17, 21, 17, 1, 2, 8, 20, and 20 newly identified metabolites, respectively. The metabolic reactions of PRR and its 14 main constituents in mice were primarily methylation, hydrogenation, hydrolysis, hydroxylation, glucuronidation, and sulfation. Conclusion: We elucidated the metabolites and metabolic pathways of PRR and its 14 constituents (e.g., paeoniflorin, catechin, ellagic acid, and gallic acid) in mice and revealed the possible origins of the 10 known effective forms of PRR and their isomers. The findings are of great significance to studying the mechanism of action and quality control of PRR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Feng Xu
- *Correspondence: Feng Xu, ; Shao-Qing Cai,
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Xu JJ, Xu F, Wang W, Zhang YF, Hao BQ, Shang MY, Liu GX, Li YL, Yang SB, Wang X, Cai SQ. Elucidation of the Mechanisms and Effective Substances of Paeoniae Radix Rubra Against Toxic Heat and Blood Stasis Syndrome With a Stage-Oriented Strategy. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:842839. [PMID: 35308239 PMCID: PMC8931751 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.842839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
In the clinical practice of traditional Chinese medicine, toxic heat and blood stasis syndrome (THBSS) is a common syndrome observed in various critical diseases. Paeoniae Radix Rubra (PRR) has known therapeutic effects on THBSS. However, its pharmacodynamic mechanisms and effective substances in the treatment of THBSS still need further elucidation. Our previous study indicated that THBSS had three stages of progression, and the abnormal biochemical indices of each stage were different. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate the pharmacodynamic mechanisms and effective substances of PRR for the treatment of THBSS with a stage-oriented strategy. Specifically, research was performed separately in two stable stages of THBSS: the excessive heat and little blood stasis (EHLBS) and blood stasis (BS) stages. THBSS model rats, at different time periods after syndrome initiation (first 5 h for EHLBS and 24 h later for BS), were used to conduct the two-stage investigation. Targeted metabonomics analysis was performed to elucidate the pharmacodynamic mechanisms of PRR in the treatment of EHLBS or BS. Based on the relationship between the individual differences in blood drug concentrations and pharmacodynamic effects, partial least squares regression analysis was employed to screen for the effective substances from the original constituents and metabolites of PRR. We found that PRR could upregulate primary bile acid biosynthesis, glycerophospholipid metabolism, ether lipid metabolism, and five amino acid metabolic pathways (e.g., arginine and proline metabolism) to treat EHLBS. Meanwhile, PRR alleviated BS by upregulating primary bile acid biosynthesis and downregulating glycerophospholipid metabolism. But PRR had no obvious effects on ether lipid metabolism and amino acid metabolism in this stage. In total, 17 and 9 potential effective substances were found in the EHLBS and BS stages, respectively, among which there were only five common compounds between the two stages. To our knowledge, sixteen compounds were regarded as potential effective substances of PRR for the first time. Therefore, the pharmacodynamic mechanisms and effective substances of PRR in the treatment of EHLBS and BS were partly different. Overall, this stage-oriented strategy provides a new way to study the pharmacodynamic mechanisms and effective substances of traditional Chinese drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Jing Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Xu, ; Shao-Qing Cai,
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bei-Quan Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Yao-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Bin Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Xu, ; Shao-Qing Cai,
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Kuchta K, Cameron S, Lee M, Cai SQ, Shoyama Y. Which East Asian herbal medicines can decrease viral infections? Phytochem Rev 2021; 21:219-237. [PMID: 34466134 PMCID: PMC8391007 DOI: 10.1007/s11101-021-09756-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Whilst Western research for the COVID-19 crisis focuses on vaccination, in East Asia traditional herbal prescriptions are studied for SARS-CoV2 therapy. In Japan, Maoto (Ephedrae herba 4 g, Armeniacae semen 4 g, Cinnamomi cortex 3 g, and Glycyrrhizae radix 2 g, JPXVII) is used based on clinical evidence for its effect on early phase influenza (also caused by RNA viruses) comparable to that of oseltamivir. The Health Ministry of Thailand has approved Andrographis paniculata (Jap. Senshinren) extracts for treatment of COVID-19. Its combination (4 g) with Maoto, Maoto-ka-senshinren, seems most promising for the treatment of viral pandemics. In China, the official guideline for COVID-19 treatment contains TCM medications with antiviral, as well as immunmodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects such as: Qing-Fei-Pai-Du-Tang (Jap. Seihai-haidokuto) contains 21 drugs; Shufeng Jiedu Jiaonang (Bupleuri radix 8 g, Forsythiae fructus 8 g, Glycyrrhizae radix 4 g, Isatidis radix 8 g, Patriniae herba 8 g, Phragmitis rhizoma 6 g, Polygoni cuspidati rhizoma 10 g, Verbenae herba 8 g); Fufang Yuxingcao Heiji (Forsythiae fructus 0.6 g, Houttuyniae herba 6 g, Isatidis radix 1.5 g, Lonicerae flos 0.6 g, Scutellariae radix 1.5 g) first gained prominence during the 2002 SARS epidemic. With no Western medicine available, the following overview discusses efficacy and mechanisms in view of viral entry and replication of different East Asian herbal remedies for COVID-19 treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenny Kuchta
- Forschungsstelle Für Fernöstliche Medizin, Department of Vegetation Analysis and Phytodiversity, Albrecht Von Haller Institute of Plant Sciences, Georg August University, Göttingen, Germany
| | - Silke Cameron
- Clinic for Gastroenterology and Gastrointestinal Oncology, University Medical Center Göttingen, 37075 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Minwon Lee
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Product-Based Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, 156-756 Korea
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- International Cooperative Center for Researches of Medicinal Resources, Peking University Health Center, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191 China
| | - Yukihiro Shoyama
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Nagasaki International University, 2825-7, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298 Japan
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Duan KF, Zang XY, Shang MY, Zhang W, Xie BB, Wang L, Xu F, Cai SQ. Non-ephedrine constituents from the herbaceous stems of Ephedra sinica. Fitoterapia 2021; 153:104998. [PMID: 34314801 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2021.104998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Three new flavonoids, ephedroside A (1), ephedroside B (2), ephedroside C (3), together with fifty-four known compounds 4-57 were isolated from the EtOH extract of the herbaceous stems of Ephedra sinica. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic techniques, as well as by comparison with literature data. Thirty-eight of these compounds were isolated from the genus Ephedra for the first time. The antimicrobial activities of eight compounds were tested by measuring the minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) against bacteria (both Gram positive and Gram negative) and fungi, and were found to be in the range of 0.105-0.926 mM. Among them, compound 2 showed the best antimicrobial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa with MIC value of 0.105 mM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang-Fei Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xin-Yu Zang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Bai-Bo Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Lu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China; Beijing Pharma and Biotech Center, 151 Ma Lian Wa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100191, China.
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15
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Fan SS, Shang MY, Xu F, Liu GX, Li YL, Cai SQ. [Identification of chemical constituents in ethyl acetate soluble extract of Sinopodophylli Fructus based on HPLC-MS~n]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2021; 46:645-660. [PMID: 33645032 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20200629.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
A high performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector combined with electrospray ionization ion trap time-of-flight multistage mass spectrometry(HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS~n, HPLC-MS~n) method was established for qualitative analysis of the chemical components of ethyl acetate extract from Sinopodophylli Fructus. The analysis was performed on a Kromasil 100-5 C_(18)(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) column, with a mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid(A) and acetonitrile(B) for gradient at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min~(-1). Electrospray ionization ion trap time-of-flight multistage mass spectrometry was applied for qualitative analysis under positive and negative ion modes. With use of reference substance, characteristic fragmentation and their HR-MS data, 102 components were identified, including 67 flavonoids and 35 lignans. Among them, 45 compounds were reported in Sinopodophylli Fructus for the first time and 19 compounds were identified as new compounds. PharmMapper was used to predict the bioactivity of compounds that were first reported in Sinopodophylli Fructus, and 20 compounds of them were identified to have potential anticancer activity. The results showed that there were many isomers in the ethyl acetate extract of Folium Nelumbinis, and a total of 19 groups of isomers were found. Among them, C_(21)H_(20)O_8 had the highest number of isomers(18 compounds), all of which were α-peltatin or its isomers; C_(21)H_(20)O_7 ranked second, with 10 compounds, all of which were 8-prenylquercetin-3-methyl ether or its isomers. In conclusion, an HPLC-MS~n method was established for qualitative analysis of the ethyl acetate extract(with anti-breast cancer activity) from Sinopodophylli Fructus in this study, which will provide the evidence for clarifying pharmacological active ingredients of the ethyl acetate extract from Sinopodophylli Fructus against breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Fan
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yao-Li Li
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
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Yang DH, Cai SQ, Xu F, Zhang L, Zhao X, Zhou QL, Liu GX, Yang XW. Eleven absorbed constituents and 91 metabolites of chuanxiong rhizoma decoction in rats. World J Tradit Chin Med 2021. [DOI: 10.4103/wjtcm.wjtcm_7_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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Li HF, Li T, Yang P, Wang Y, Tang XJ, Liu LJ, Xu F, Shang MY, Liu GX, Li YL, Wang X, Yin J, Cai SQ. Global Profiling and Structural Characterization of Metabolites of Ononin Using HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS n After Oral Administration to Rats. J Agric Food Chem 2020; 68:15164-15175. [PMID: 33315401 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.0c04247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Ononin is a bioactive isoflavone of legumes. To explore the "effective forms" of ononin, its metabolites were characterized using HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn after oral administration to rats. Metabolites (106), including 94 new metabolites, were characterized, which contained 17 phase I, 23 hydroxylated and methylated, 54 sulfated, 10 glucuronidated, and 2 sulfated and glucuronidated metabolites. Six hydroxylated metabolites of formononetin (aglycone of ononin) were simultaneously detected for the first time. Twenty-three hydroxylated and methylated metabolites were the new metabolites of ononin, and the number of hydroxylation and methylation was 1-3 and 1-2. Twenty metabolites have ononin-related bioactivities, and many metabolites have the same bioactivities. Their probable mechanisms of action may be additive and/or synergistic effects, especially because of the addition of the blood concentrations of these compounds. The results provide a foundation for a better understanding of the "effective forms" of ononin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Fu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Teng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
- Center for Drug Evaluation, China Food and Drug Administration, No.1 Fuxing Road, Beijing 100038, China
| | - Yong Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Hainan Medical University, No.3 Xueyuan Road, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Xue-Jian Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li-Jia Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yao-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun Yin
- School of Traditional Chinese Materia Medica, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No.103 Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No.38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
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Liu LJ, Li HF, Xu F, Wang HY, Zhang YF, Liu GX, Shang MY, Wang X, Cai SQ. Exploring the In Vivo Existence Forms (23 Original Constituents and 147 Metabolites) of Astragali Radix Total Flavonoids and Their Distributions in Rats Using HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS n. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25235560. [PMID: 33256251 PMCID: PMC7729672 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25235560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2020] [Revised: 11/22/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Astragali Radix total flavonoids (ARTF) is one of the main bioactive components of Astragali Radix (AR), and has many pharmacological effects. However, its metabolism and effective forms remains unclear. The HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn technique was used to screen and tentatively identify the in vivo original constituents and metabolites of ARTF and to clarify their distribution in rats after oral administration. In addition, modern chromatographic methods were used to isolate the main metabolites from rat urine and NMR spectroscopy was used to elucidate their structures. As a result, 170 compounds (23 original constituents and 147 metabolites) were tentatively identified as forms existing in vivo, 13 of which have the same pharmacological effect with ARTF. Among 170 compounds, three were newly detected original constituents in vivo and 89 were new metabolites of ARTF, from which 12 metabolites were regarded as new compounds. Nineteen original constituents and 65 metabolites were detected in 10 organs. Four metabolites were isolated and identified from rat urine, including a new compound (calycoisn-3'-O-glucuronide methyl ester), a firstly-isolated metabolite (astraisoflavan-7-O-glucoside-2'-O-glucuronide), and two known metabolites (daidzein-7-O-sulfate and calycosin-3'-O-glucuronide). The original constituents and metabolites existing in vivo may be material basis for ARTF efficacy, and these findings are helpful for further clarifying the effective forms of ARTF.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Astragalus propinquus
- Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid
- Drug Monitoring
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/administration & dosage
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/chemistry
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/metabolism
- Drugs, Chinese Herbal/pharmacokinetics
- Flavonoids/administration & dosage
- Flavonoids/chemistry
- Flavonoids/pharmacokinetics
- Metabolome
- Metabolomics/methods
- Molecular Structure
- Rats
- Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
- Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
- Structure-Activity Relationship
- Tissue Distribution
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Feng Xu
- Correspondence: (F.X.); (S.-Q.C.); Tel.: +86-10-8280-2534 (F.X.); +86-10-8280-1693 (S.-Q.C.)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Shao-Qing Cai
- Correspondence: (F.X.); (S.-Q.C.); Tel.: +86-10-8280-2534 (F.X.); +86-10-8280-1693 (S.-Q.C.)
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Liu GX, Xu F, Shang MY, Wang X, Cai SQ. The Relative Content and Distribution of Absorbed Volatile Organic Compounds in Rats Administered Asari Radix et Rhizoma Are Different between Powder- and Decoction-Treated Groups. Molecules 2020; 25:E4441. [PMID: 32992581 PMCID: PMC7582631 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25194441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Revised: 09/22/2020] [Accepted: 09/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Asari Radix et Rhizoma (ARR) is an important traditional Chinese medicine. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the main active constituents of ARR. Research on the metabolite profile of VOCs and the difference of absorbed constituents in vivo after an administration of ARR decoction and powder will be helpful to understand the pharmacological activity and safety of ARR. In this study, headspace solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was applied to profile the VOCs from ARR in rats in vivo. A total of 153 VOCs were tentatively identified; 101 were original constituents of ARR (98 in the powder-treated group and 43 in the decoction-treated group) and 15 were metabolites, and their metabolic reactions were mainly oxidation and reduction, with only two cases of methylation and esterification, and 37 unclassified compounds were identified only in the ARR-treated group. Of the 153 VOCs identified, 131 were reported in rats after oral administration of ARR for the first time, containing 79 original constituents, 15 metabolites, and 37 unclassified compounds. In the powder-treated group, methyleugenol, safrole, 3,5-dimethoxytoluene (3,5-DMT), 2,3,5-trimethoxytoluene (2,3,5-TMT), and 3,4,5-trimethoxytoluene (3,4,5-TMT) were the main absorbed constituents, the relative contents of which were significantly higher compared to the decoction-treated group, especially methyleugenol, safrole, and 3,5-DMT. In the decoction-treated group, 3,4,5-TMT, 2,3,5-TMT, kakuol, and eugenol were the main constituents with a higher content and wider distribution. The results of this study provide a reference for evaluating the efficacy and safety of ARR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guang-Xue Liu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (G.-X.L.); (F.X.)
| | - Feng Xu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (G.-X.L.); (F.X.)
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (G.-X.L.); (F.X.)
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China;
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China; (G.-X.L.); (F.X.)
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Xu F, Li FC, Zhang YF, Shen SJ, Yang P, Yang XX, Shang MY, Liu GX, Li YL, Cai SQ. Discovery of the active compounds of Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma by utilizing the relationship between the individual differences in blood drug concentration and the pharmacological effect in rats. J Ethnopharmacol 2020; 258:112886. [PMID: 32325179 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE This study addresses the rapid discovery of the active compounds (the original constituents and/or metabolites) of a traditional Chinese drug, Smilacis Glabrae Rhizoma (SGR). AIM OF THE STUDY The aim of this study was to develop a new method to find out the active compounds of traditional drugs in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS A method was established to discover and identify the potential active compounds in drug-containing plasma from rats that were orally administered SGR extract, utilizing the relationship between the individual differences in blood drug concentrations in the rats and the resulting differences in pharmacological effect, and the method was denoted as the RID-PE method. For this method, we used high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector combined with electrospray ionization ion trap time-of-flight multistage mass spectrometry (LC-MSn) to identify the compounds (the original constituents and metabolites) and to determine the peak areas of the compounds in drug-containing plasma following SGR treatment. The anti-inflammatory effect of SGR was evaluated using a carrageenan-induced inflammatory rat model. According to the percent inhibition of paw edema in each model rat (14 rats total) orally administered SGR extract, the plasma samples from the rats were sorted and divided into 7 groups. Each group consisted of two plasma samples, and their percent inhibition of paw edema were similar to each other. We performed an LC-MSn analysis on 3 plasma groups, which showed large differences in the inhibition rates, with percent inhibitions of 92.7%, 72.4% and 38.4%. The correlation coefficients (r) between the peak area of each compound and the pharmacological effect (inhibition ratio) of SGR in the three groups were analyzed using SPSS software. When the correlation coefficients of the compounds are greater than 0.8 (0.8 < r ≤1), these compounds are strongly and positively correlated with anti-inflammatory activity, making them potential anti-inflammatory active compounds. RESULTS Fifty-eight potential anti-inflammatory compounds (0.8 < r ≤ 1) from SGR were discovered in model rat plasma using the RID-PE method, 47 of which were considered to be new potentially anti-inflammatory compounds. Among these compounds, four original constituents and 5 isomers of potential anti-inflammatory metabolites were validated to have significant anti-inflammatory effects, and they included astilbin, syringic acid, catechin, coumalic acid, resveratrol-3'-O-glucuronide (RG, isomer of M2 or M3), 3'-O-methyl-(+)-epicatechin-4'-O-glucuronide (CA-1, isomer of M16), 4'-O-methyl-(+)-epicatechin-3'-O-glucuronide (CA-2, isomer of M16), 4'-O-methyl-(+)-epicatechin-7-O-glucuronide (CA-3, isomer of M16) and 3'-O-methyl-(+)-epicatechin-7-O-glucuronide (CA-4, isomer of M16). In addition, four isomers (CA-1-CA-4) were reported to have anti-inflammatory effects for the first time, and CA-3 was a new compound. CONCLUSIONS The RID-PE method can be used to discover and identify the active constituents and metabolites of SGR systematically and in vivo. Furthermore, these findings enhance our understanding of the metabolism and effective forms of SGR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Feng-Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Yi-Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Shu-Jie Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Ping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Xin-Xin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Yao-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, PR China.
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Batsukh Z, Toume K, Javzan B, Kazuma K, Cai SQ, Hayashi S, Atsumi T, Yoshitomi T, Uchiyama N, Maruyama T, Kawahara N, Komatsu K. Characterization of metabolites in Saposhnikovia divaricata root from Mongolia. J Nat Med 2020; 75:11-27. [PMID: 32740706 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-020-01430-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Saposhnikoviae Radix (SR), derived from the dried root and rhizome of Saposhnikovia divaricata, is a popular crude drug used in traditional Chinese and Japanese medicine. To evaluate the metabolites of S. divaricata roots from Mongolia and to investigate their geographical variation, we developed the HPLC method, determined the contents of 9 chromones and 4 coumarins, and conducted multivariate statistical analysis. All Mongolian specimens contained prim-O-glucosylcimifugin (1) and 4'-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol (3), and their total amount (5.04-25.06 mg/g) exceeded the criterion assigned in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Moreover, the content of 1 (3.98-20.79 mg/g) was significantly higher in the Mongolian specimens than in Chinese SR samples. The specimens from Norovlin showed the highest contents of 1 and 3. The total levels of dihydropyranochromones were higher in the specimens from Bayan-Uul. The orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis revealed that the Mongolian specimens tended to be separated into three groups based on growing regions, in which several chromones contributed to each distribution. Furthermore, 1H NMR analysis revealed that Mongolian specimens had less amount of sucrose and a substantial amount of polyacetylenes. Thus, in this study, the chemical characteristics of Mongolian S. divaricata specimens were clarified and it was found that the specimens from the northeast part of Mongolia, including Norovlin, had the superior properties due to higher amounts of major chromones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zolboo Batsukh
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Batkhuu Javzan
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National University of Mongolia, P.O.B-617/46A, Ulaanbaatar, 14201, Mongolia
| | - Kohei Kazuma
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xue-yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Shigeki Hayashi
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Atsumi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, 1714-1 Yoshinocho, Nobeoka, Miyazaki, 882-8508, Japan
| | - Taichi Yoshitomi
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Nahoko Uchiyama
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Takuro Maruyama
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kawahara
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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Liu J, Liu GX, Shang MY, Xu F, Li YL, Zhou YZ, Xie DM, Wang X, Cai SQ. [Identification based on HPLC and anti-inflammatory targets as well as related constituents analysis of Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum and A. sieboldii]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2020; 45:1374-1383. [PMID: 32281351 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20191227.202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The present work is to establish an HPLC characteristic chromatograms of Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum(AH) and A. sieboldii(AS), combined with cluster analysis for the identification of the two species, and predict their potential anti-inflammatory related targets by network pharmacological method. Eighty-nine samples(12 batches of AS and 77 batches of AH) were analyzed, and 11 characteristic peaks were identified by reference substances, UV spectrum and LC-MS. Cluster analysis showed that AS and AH were divided into two groups, and the ratio of characteristic peak areas can be used to distinguish them. When the ratio of characteristic peak sarisan to kakuol was greater than 5, it was AS, and when the ratio was less than 2, it was AH. The network pharmacological analysis of 119 constituents of Asari Radix et Rhizoma suggested that the anti-inflammatory effect of Asari Radix et Rhizoma might be related to COX-2, COX-1, iNOS, MAPK14, NR3 C1, PPARG and TNF. Among them, COX-2 is a relatively key target, which interacted with the characteristic constituents, asarinin, sesamin, safrole, methyleugenol and sarisan. The characteristic constituents asarinin and sesamin also interacted with the iNOS and MAPK14. Safrole and sarisan can also interact with iNOS, COX-1 and LAT4 H. Methyleugenol also showed interaction with COX-1 and LAT4 H. Since asarinin and sesamin interacted with three targets, COX-2, iNOS and MAPK14, it implied that they were the main active constituents for the anti-inflammatory activity of Asari Radix et Rhizoma. The COX-2 inhibitory activities of asarinin and sesamin were further studied by molecular docking and bioassay. The HPLC method established was simple, feasible and reliable, with predicted anti-inflammatory targets and anti-inflammatory constituents, which could provide a reference for improving the quality evaluation system of Asari Radix et Rhizoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yao-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yu-Zhen Zhou
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - De-Mei Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Beijing 100191, China
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Zhang YZ, Xu F, Dong J, Liang J, Hashi Y, Liu GX, Li YL, Shang MY, Wang X, Cai SQ. Profiling the metabolites of astrapterocarpan in rat hepatic 9000g supernatant. Chin J Nat Med 2019; 17:842-857. [PMID: 31831131 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(19)30102-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Astrapterocarpan (AP) is a bioactive constituent of Astragali Radix and was selected as a model compound for investigating the in vitro metabolism of pterocarpans in this study. Its in vitro metabolism was conducted by incubation with rat hepatic 9000g supernatant (S9) in the presence of an NADPH-generating system. At first, four compounds were isolated and their structures were elucidated as 6a-hydroxy-AP (M1), astrametabolin I [M2, 1a-hydroxy-9, 10-dimethoxy-pterocarp-1(2), 4-diene-3-one], 9-demethyl-AP (M3, nissolin) and 4-methoxy-astraisoflavan (M4, 7, 2'dihydroxy-4, 3', 4'-trimethoxy-isoflavan) on the basis of NMR data, respectively. Among them, M1, M2 and M4 were new compounds. Next, the metabolite profile of AP in rat hepatic S9 was obtained via HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn, and 40 new metabolites were tentatively identified. These newly identified metabolites included 9 monohydroxylated metabolites, 1 demethylated metabolite, 7 demethylated and monohydroxylated metabolites, 4 dihydroxylated metabolites, 1 hydration metabolite, 1 didemethylated metabolite, 2 glucosylated metabolites, 1 monohydroxylated and dehydrogenated metabolite, 2 monohydroxylated and demethylated and dehydrogenated metabolites, 2 dimerized metabolites, 3 dimerized and monohydroxylated metabolites, 2 dimerized and didemethylated metabolites, and 5 dimerized and demethylated metabolites. Finally, the major metabolic reactions of AP in rat hepatic S9 were summarized and found to be hydroxylation, demethylation, dimerization, hydration, and dehydrogenation. More importantly, the biotransformation from AP to M2 and the dimerization of AP by incubation with hepatic S9 were reported for the first time. In conclusion, this is the first report on the metabolism of a pure pterocarpan in animal tissues, and these findings will provide a solid basis for further studies on the metabolism of other pterocarpans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Zhou Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 10000, China; School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550000, China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 10000, China.
| | - Jing Dong
- Shimadzu China MS Center, Beijing 10000, China
| | - Jing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 10000, China
| | - Yuki Hashi
- Shimadzu China MS Center, Beijing 10000, China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 10000, China
| | - Yao-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 10000, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 10000, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 10000, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 10000, China.
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Wang L, Fan SS, Xu F, Liu GX, Shang MY, Cai SQ. [Analysis of polarity components of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and its metabolites in rats by HPLC-MS~n]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2019; 44:4924-4931. [PMID: 31872602 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20190522.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This experiment aims to explore the metabolites of n-butanol and water soluble fraction of an ethanol extracts from Angelicae Sinensis Radix in rats. The chemical constituents of n-butanol and water extracts from Angelicae Sinensis Radix were identified by HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS~n,and the in vivo metabolites of n-butanol and water extracts were analyzed. By analyzing n-butanol and water extracts from Angelicae Sinensis Radix,25 compounds were detected and identified,in which 11 phthalide glycosides were firstly reported. And 19 compounds were detected and identified in rat urine,including 2 prototype constituents and 17 metabolites,and the17 metabolites were new compounds. The method can identify the main constituents and metabolites of extracts from traditional Chinese medicine accurately and rapidly,and provide evidence for interpreting effective forms and pharmacodynamics substance( prototype,metabolites,or both) of Angelicae Sinensis Radix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Division of Pharmacognosy,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Peking University Beijing 100191,China Beijing Pharma and Biotech Center Beijing 100193,China
| | - Shan-Shan Fan
- Division of Pharmacognosy,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Peking University Beijing 100191,China
| | - Feng Xu
- Division of Pharmacognosy,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Peking University Beijing 100191,China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- Division of Pharmacognosy,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Peking University Beijing 100191,China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- Division of Pharmacognosy,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Peking University Beijing 100191,China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- Division of Pharmacognosy,School of Pharmaceutical Sciences,Peking University Beijing 100191,China
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Batsukh Z, Toume K, Javzan B, Kazuma K, Cai SQ, Hayashi S, Kawahara N, Maruyama T, Komatsu K. Metabolomic profiling of Saposhnikoviae Radix from Mongolia by LC-IT-TOF-MS/MS and multivariate statistical analysis. J Nat Med 2019; 74:170-188. [PMID: 31578667 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-019-01361-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Saposhnikoviae Radix (SR) is a commonly used crude drug that is obtained from the root and rhizome of Saposhnikovia divaricata which is distributed throughout China, Korea, Mongolia, and Russia. To evaluate the quality of Mongolian S. divaricata, metabolomic profiling of 43 plant specimens from different regions of Mongolia, as well as 8 SR samples and 2 plant specimens from China, were conducted by liquid chromatography-ion-trap-time-of-flight-mass spectrometer (LC-IT-TOF-MS). LC-MS profiles of the specimens showed uniformity and 30 compounds were tentatively identified, including 13 chromones and 17 coumarins. Among them, 16 compounds were isolated and unambiguously verified by comparing them with the spectroscopic data of standard compounds. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) based on LC-MS data from 7 Mongolian specimens and 8 Chinese SR samples as well as 2 plant specimens revealed that these 2 groups were clearly distinguishable and that Mongolian specimens were characterized by an abundance of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin (1). Moreover, the OPLS-DA of the Mongolian specimens showed that they can be discriminated by their growing regions based on the content of 8 chromones. The total content of dihydrofurochromones 1-3 was relatively higher in the specimens from Khalkhgol in the far eastern part of Mongolia, while contents of 10, 11, 15, and 16 were higher in those from Holonbuir in the eastern part. Based on this research, the roots of S. divaricata from Mongolia have potential as a new resource of SR in Kampo medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zolboo Batsukh
- Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Batkhuu Javzan
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar-46, Mongolia
| | - Kohei Kazuma
- Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xue-yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Shigeki Hayashi
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kawahara
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Takuro Maruyama
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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Wang HY, Li T, Ji R, Xu F, Liu GX, Li YL, Shang MY, Cai SQ. Metabolites of Medicarpin and Their Distributions in Rats. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24101966. [PMID: 31121832 PMCID: PMC6572127 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24101966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 05/11/2019] [Accepted: 05/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Medicarpin is a bioactive pterocarpan that has been attracting increasing attention in recent years. However, its metabolic fate in vivo is still unknown. To clarify its metabolism and the distribution of its metabolites in rats after oral administration, the HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn technique was used. A total of 165 new metabolites (13 phase I and 152 phase II metabolites) were tentatively identified, and 104, 29, 38, 41, 74, 28, 24, 15, 42, 8, 10, 3, and 17 metabolites were identified in urine, feces, plasma, the colon, intestine, stomach, liver, spleen, kidney, lung, heart, brain, and thymus, respectively. Metabolic reactions included demethylation, hydrogenation, hydroxylation, glucuronidation, sulfation, methylation, glycosylation, and vitamin C conjugation. M1 (medicarpin glucuronide), M5 (vestitol-1'-O-glucuronide) were distributed to 10 organs, and M1 was the most abundant metabolite in seven organs. Moreover, we found that isomerization of medicarpin must occur in vivo. At least 93 metabolites were regarded as potential new compounds by retrieving information from the Scifinder database. This is the first detailed report on the metabolism of ptercarpans in animals, which will help to deepen the understanding of the metabolism characteristics of medicarpin in vivo and provide a solid basis for further studies on the metabolism of other pterocarpans in animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Teng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Rui Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
- School of Pharmacy, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, No.24, Heping Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin 150040, China.
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yao-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
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Ota M, Ishiuchi K, Xu X, Minami M, Nagachi Y, Yagi-Utsumi M, Tabuchi Y, Cai SQ, Makino T. The immunostimulatory effects and chemical characteristics of heated honey. J Ethnopharmacol 2019; 228:11-17. [PMID: 30218810 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.09.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 09/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE In traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), honey has been used as an additive in the heat-processing of herbal medicines to enhance their immunostimulatory activities. AIM OF THE STUDY We investigated the immunostimulatory activity of heated honey in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHODS For the in vitro study, we compared the differences among the inducible effects of honey subjected to various heating conditions on granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) secretion from the cultured enterocytes and investigated the active ingredient. For the in vivo study, we conducted a survival test of mice infected by Streptococcus pyogenes with and without oral administration of heated honey. RESULTS We found that heating the honey induced the appearance of G-CSF secretions from the cultured enterocytes, and that this appearance depended on the heating temperature and time. No G-CSF secretions appeared when honey was not heated. Mice infected with Streptococcus pyogenes that were fed heated honey revealed prolonged survival. The active ingredient in heated honey was a high-molecular compound with about 730 kDa. When this compound was hydrolyzed, galactose, glucose, rhamnose, α-ribofuranose β-ribofuranose 1,5':1',5-dianhydride, and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural were generated. CONCLUSIONS Heated honey reveals immunostimulatory activity both in vitro and in vivo. These results support the scientific evidences of the TCM theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Ota
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan; State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Kan'ichiro Ishiuchi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Xin Xu
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Masaaki Minami
- Department of Bacteriology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University,1 Kawasumi, Mizuho-cho, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8601, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Nagachi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan
| | - Maho Yagi-Utsumi
- Exploratory Research Center on Life and Living Systems (ExCELLS) and Institue for Molecular Science, National Institutes of Natural Sciences, 5-1 Higashiyama, Myodaiji, Okazaki 444-8787, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tabuchi
- Division of Molecular Genetics Research, Life Science Research Center, Toyama University, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Toshiaki Makino
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya 467-8603, Japan.
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Zhang WW, Xu F, Wang D, Ye J, Cai SQ. Buyang Huanwu Decoction ameliorates ischemic stroke by modulating multiple targets with multiple components: In vitro evidences. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 16:194-202. [PMID: 29576055 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30047-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Buyang Huanwu Decoction (BYHWD) is a well-known traditional Chinese medicine prescription which is used to treat ischaemic stroke and stroke-induced disabilities. However, the exact mechanism underlying BYHWD's amelioration of ischaemic stroke and its effective constituents remain unclear. The present study aimed to identify the effective constituents of BYHWD and to further explore its action mechanisms in the amelioration of ischaemic stroke by testing the activities of 15 absorbable chemical constituents of BYHWD with the same methods under the same conditions. The following actions of these 15 compounds were revealed: 1) Ferulic acid, calycosin, formononetin, astrapterocarpan-3-O-β-D-glucoside, paeonol, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, astraisoflavan-7-O-β-D-glucoside, ligustrazine, and propyl gallate significantly suppressed concanavalin A (Con A)-induced T lymphocyte proliferation; 2) Propyl gallate, calycosin-7-O-β-D-glucoside, paeonol, and ferulic acid markedly inhibited LPS-induced apoptosis in RAW264.7 cells; 3) Propyl gallate and formononetin significantly inhibited LPS-induced NO release; 4) Hydroxysafflor yellow A and inosine protected PC12 cells against the injuries caused by glutamate; and 5) Formononetin, astragaloside IV, astraisoflavan-7-O-β-D-glucoside, inosine, paeoniflorin, ononin, paeonol, propyl gallate, ligustrazine, and ferulic acid significantly suppressed the constriction of the thoracic aorta induced by KCl in rats. In conclusion, the results from the present study suggest that BYHWD exerts its ischaemic stroke ameliorating activities by modulating multiple targets with multiple components.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Zhang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital Medical Center, Tsinghua University, Beijing 102218, China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ding Wang
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jia Ye
- Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
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Yang XX, Zhou YZ, Xu F, Yu J, Gegentana, Shang MY, Wang X, Cai SQ. Screening potential mitochondria-targeting compounds from traditional Chinese medicines using a mitochondria-based centrifugal ultrafiltration/liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method. J Pharm Anal 2018; 8:240-249. [PMID: 30140488 PMCID: PMC6104153 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2018.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2017] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 06/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria regulate numerous crucial cell processes, including energy production, apoptotic cell death, oxidative stress, calcium homeostasis and lipid metabolism. Here, we applied an efficient mitochondria-based centrifugal ultrafiltration/liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) method, also known as screening method for mitochondria-targeted bioactive constituents (SM-MBC). This method allowed searching natural mitochondria-targeting compounds from traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs), including Puerariae Radix (PR) and Chuanxiong Radix (CR). A total of 23 active compounds were successfully discovered from the two TCMs extracts. Among these 23 hit compounds, 17 were identified by LC/MS, 12 of which were novel mitochondria-targeting compounds. Among these, 6 active compounds were analyzed in vitro for pharmacological tests and found able to affect mitochondrial functions. We also investigated the effects of the hit compounds on HepG2 cell proliferation and on loss of cardiomyocyte viability induced by hypoxia/reoxygenation injury. The results obtained are useful for in-depth understanding of mechanisms underlying TCMs therapeutic effects at mitochondria level and for developing novel potential drugs using TCMs as lead compounds. Finally, we showed that SM-MBC was an efficient protocol for the rapid screening of mitochondria-targeting constituents from complex samples such as PR and CR extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Xin Yang
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China.,Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China.,College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Yu-Zhen Zhou
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Jie Yu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Yunnan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1076 Yuhua Road, Kunming 650500, Yunnan Province, PR China
| | - Gegentana
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, PR China
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30
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Wang JZ, Zhang YF, Xu F, Shang MY, Liu GX, Cai SQ. Investigation of the in vivo
metabolism of harpagoside and distribution of its metabolites in rats by HPLC-IT-TOF-MS
n. Biomed Chromatogr 2018; 32:e4218. [PMID: 29470860 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.4218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Revised: 02/05/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Zhe Wang
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhang
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Feng Xu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University; Beijing China
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31
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Ota M, Nagachi Y, Ishiuchi K, Tabuchi Y, Xu F, Shang MY, Cai SQ, Makino T. Comparison of the inducible effects of licorice products with or without heat-processing and pre-treatment with honey on granulocyte colony-stimulating factor secretion in cultured enterocytes. J Ethnopharmacol 2018; 214:1-7. [PMID: 29203272 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.11.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Revised: 11/24/2017] [Accepted: 11/30/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Licorice (the roots and rhizomes of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch.) is occasionally used as crude drug following processing including roasting or honey-roasting (soaking with honey before roasting) in traditional Japanese Kampo medicine and traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). AIM OF THE STUDY We investigated the differences in the inducible effect of processed licorice products on granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) secretion in cultured intestinal epithelial cells and elucidated the active ingredients in both unprocessed and processed licorice products. MATERIALS AND METHODS We prepared heat-processed licorice with or without pretreatment with honey, and fractionated the extracts by Sephadex G-100. Enterocyte-like differentiated MCE301 cells were incubated in media comprising a hot water extract of licorice products for 24h, and the concentrations of G-CSF in the media were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS Licorice extract induced G-CSF secretion in MCE301 cells, and the active ingredients of licorice were high molecular compounds. Although the roasted licorice extract exhibited the activity similar to that of the unprocessed licorice extract, honey-roasted licorice extracts exhibited a significantly higher inducible effect on G-CSF secretion in the cells than that of unprocessed or roasted licorice extracts without pretreatment with honey. This enhanced activity was dependent on the temperature and heating time. CONCLUSIONS The enhanced inducible effect of honey-roasted licorice on G-CSF secretion might be attributed to the combined effect of licorice-derived high molecular compounds and heated-honey-derived compounds. The results of this study can scientifically explain the objective of processing via honey-roasting in TCM theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Misato Ota
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Beijing 100191, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yasutaka Nagachi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Kan'ichiro Ishiuchi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Tabuchi
- Division of Molecular Genetics Research, Life Science Research Center, Toyama University, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Toshiaki Makino
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagoya City University, 3-1 Tanabe-Dori, Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 467-8603, Japan.
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Yang XY, Zhang YF, Liu LJ, Wang Y, Shang MY, Xu F, Liu GX, Cai SQ. Lignans and diterpenes isolated from Tirpitzia ovoidea and their biological activities. Chin J Nat Med 2018; 15:938-943. [PMID: 29329651 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(18)30010-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
A new lignan, tirpitzin A (17) together with 20 known compounds (1-16, and 18-21) were isolated from the ethyl acetate soluble fraction of ethanol extract of the aerial parts of Tirpitzia ovoidea. The structure of new compound was elucidated by means of spectroscopic analysis. Of the known compounds, 7-21 were isolated from Linaceae family for the first time. The pharmacological activity of the crude extracts was tested using a mouse inflammation model induced by dimethyl benzene. The results demonstrated that the ethyl acetate soluble fraction had anti-inflammatory activity. Moreover, the cytotoxic and anti-inflammatory activities of some compounds were studied. The new compound 17 showed moderate cytotoxic effect against BxPC-3 cell line (IC50 = 19.51μmol·L-1) and Compound 10 showed significant cytotoxicity against HepG2, HL-60, U87 and BxPC-3 cell lines with IC50 values in the range 4.2-8.3μmol·L-1. Additionally, Compounds 2, 10, 11, and 13 exhibited potent inhibitory effects on LPS-induced nitric oxide production in RAW 264.7 macrophages at the concentration of 50μmol·L-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Yan Yang
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Li-Jia Liu
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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Wang AH, Ma LM, Fan SS, Liu GX, Xu F, Shang MY, Cai SQ. [Identification of chemical constituents in Sinopodophylli Fructus by HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn]. Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2018; 43:123-133. [PMID: 29552822 DOI: 10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20171027.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This experiment was performed to analyze and identify the chemical constituents of Sinopodophylli Fructus by HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn. The analysis was performed on an Agilent Zorbax SB-C₁₈ (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 μm) column.The mobile phase consisted of 0.1% formic acid was used for gradient at a flow rate of 1.0 mL·min⁻¹. Electrospray ionization ion trap time-of-flight multistage mass spectrometry was applied for qualitative analysis under positive and negative ion modes. The results indicated that 54 compounds consisted of 18 lignans and 36 flavonoids from Xiaoyelian had been detected by their HRMS data, the information of literature and reference substance. Among them, 27 compounds were reported in Sinopodophylli Fructus for the first time. In conclusion, an HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn method was established to qualitative analysis of Xiaoyelian in this study, which will provide the evidence for evaluating the quality of Xiaoyelian herbs, clarifying the mechanism, and guiding the development of pharmacological active ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ai-Hua Wang
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
- National Committee on the Assessment of the Protected Traditional Chinese Medicinal Products, Beijing 100070, China
| | - Li-Man Ma
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shan-Shan Fan
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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Wang TM, Liu J, Yi T, Zhai YJ, Zhang H, Chen HB, Cai SQ, Kang TG, Zhao ZZ. Multiconstituent identification in root, branch, and leaf extracts ofJuglans mandshuricausing ultra high performance liquid chromatography with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:3440-3452. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201700521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Min Wang
- School of Pharmacy; Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Dalian P.R. China
| | - Jing Liu
- School of Chinese Medicine; Hong Kong Baptist University; Hong Kong P.R. China
| | - Tao Yi
- School of Chinese Medicine; Hong Kong Baptist University; Hong Kong P.R. China
| | - Yan-Jun Zhai
- School of Pharmacy; Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Dalian P.R. China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy; Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Dalian P.R. China
| | - Hu-Biao Chen
- School of Chinese Medicine; Hong Kong Baptist University; Hong Kong P.R. China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Peking University Health Science Center; Beijing P.R. China
| | - Ting-Guo Kang
- School of Pharmacy; Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Dalian P.R. China
| | - Zhong-Zhen Zhao
- School of Chinese Medicine; Hong Kong Baptist University; Hong Kong P.R. China
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Chen QY, Wang CQ, Yang ZW, Tang Q, Tan HR, Wang X, Cai SQ. Differences in anti-inflammatory effects between two specifications of Scutellariae Radix in LPS-induced macrophages in vitro. Chin J Nat Med 2017; 15:515-524. [PMID: 28807225 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(17)30077-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Scutellariae Radix (SR), the root of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, is used as an antipyretic drug and has been demonstrated to have anti-inflammatory activity. SR is divided into two specifications, "Ku Qin" (KQ) and "Zi Qin" (ZQ), for use against different symptoms (upper energizer heat or lower portion of the triple energizer), according to the theory of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM). However, differences in the efficacies of these two specifications have not been determined. In the present study, we aimed to characterize the differences in the anti-inflammatory activities between KQ and ZQ and to explore how their differences are manifested in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophages. Our results showed that, in RAW264.7 cells (a mouse macrophage cell line derived from ascites), KQ and ZQ displayed anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting the release of nitric oxide (NO), inducible NOS (iNOS), and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) in a dose-dependent manner without distinction. In NR8383 cells (a rat alveolar macrophage cell line), KQ and ZQ displayed similar effects on NO, iNOS, and NF-κB as seen in RAW264.7 cells, but KQ showed a higher inhibition rate for NO and iNOS than that shown by ZQ at the same concentration. These results indicated that there were differences in efficacy between KQ and ZQ in treating lung inflammation. Our findings provided an experimental evidence supporting the different uses of KQ and ZQ in clinic, as noted in ancient herbal records.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Chao-Qun Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Zhi-Wei Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Qi Tang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Huan-Ran Tan
- Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, Peking University, Beijing 100191, China
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36
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Ota M, Xu F, Li YL, Shang MY, Makino T, Cai SQ. Comparison of chemical constituents among licorice, roasted licorice, and roasted licorice with honey. J Nat Med 2017; 72:80-95. [DOI: 10.1007/s11418-017-1115-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2017] [Accepted: 07/08/2017] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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37
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Li HF, Xu F, Yang P, Liu GX, Shang MY, Wang X, Yin J, Cai SQ. Systematic screening and characterization of prototype constituents and metabolites of total astragalosides using HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS n after oral administration to rats. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 142:102-112. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.05.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2017] [Revised: 04/29/2017] [Accepted: 05/04/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
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38
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Wang QH, Guo S, Yang XY, Zhang YF, Shang MY, Shang YH, Xiao JJ, Cai SQ. Flavonoids isolated from Sinopodophylli Fructus and their bioactivities against human breast cancer cells. Chin J Nat Med 2017. [PMID: 28411691 DOI: 10.3724/sp.j.1009.2017.00225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Four prenylated flavonoids compounds 1-4, named sinopodophyllines A-D, and a flavonoid glycoside (compound 13), sinopodophylliside A, together with 19 known compounds (compounds 5-12 and 14-24) were isolated from the fruits of Sinopodophyllum hexandrum. The structures of new compounds were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis, including HRESIMS, 1D and 2D NMR. Compounds 1-6, 9-11, and 14-17 were tested for their cytotoxicity against human breast-cancer T47D, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells in vitro, and compounds 2, 5, 6, 10 and 11 showed significant cytotoxicity (IC50 values < 10 μmol·L-1) against T47D cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-Hui Wang
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shuai Guo
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Xue-Yan Yang
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Yi-Fan Zhang
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Ying-Hui Shang
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Jun-Jun Xiao
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- Department of Natural Medicine, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
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Jing Y, Zhang YF, Shang MY, Yu J, Tang JW, Liu GX, Li YL, Li XM, Wang X, Cai SQ. Phenanthrene derivatives from roots and rhizomes of Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum. Fitoterapia 2017; 117:101-108. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2017.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 01/16/2017] [Accepted: 01/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Jing Y, Zhang YF, Shang MY, Liu GX, Li YL, Wang X, Cai SQ. Chemical Constituents from the Roots and Rhizomes of Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum and the In Vitro Anti-Inflammatory Activity. Molecules 2017; 22:molecules22010125. [PMID: 28098805 PMCID: PMC6155747 DOI: 10.3390/molecules22010125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Anti-inflammatory compounds were investigated from the ethanol extract of the roots and rhizomes of Asarum heterotropoides var. mandshuricum, a traditional Chinese medicine called Xixin and used for pain and inflammatory. Nine new compounds were isolated, including six new lignans, neoasarinin A–C (1–3), neoasarininoside A and B (4 and 5), and asarinin B (7), and one new monoterpene, asarincin A (8), two new amides, asaramid II and III (10 and 11), and one new natural monoterpene, asaricin B (9), along with 37 known compounds (6, 12–47). Their structures and absolute configurations were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic methods and chemical analyses. This is the first report of the absolute configuration of asarinin A (6). The 8-O-4′ neolignans (1–5) were reported in the genus Asarum for the first time. The 15 compounds 17, 19, 22–25, 28, 31, 36, 40, 42, 43, 45–47 were isolated from the genus Asarum, and compounds 16, 32, 33, 37 and 39 were isolated from A. heterotropoides var. mandshuricum for the first time. Thirty-seven of the isolates were evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity against the release of β-glucuronidase in polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) induced by the platelet-activating factor (PAF), and compounds 1, 4, 7, 8, 14, 17–19, 22, 24, 25, 29, 30, 32, 33, 40–43, 45, and 46 showed potent anti-inflammatory activities in vitro, with 27.9%–72.6% inhibitions at 10−5 mol/L. The results of anti-inflammatory assay suggested that lignans obtained from the CHCl3 extract might be the main active components of Xixin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
- Tonghua Gold-Horse Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd., Beijing 100025, China.
| | - Yi-Fan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yao-Li Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, No. 38, Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
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41
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Xu JJ, Xu F, Shen SJ, Li T, Zhang YF, Shang MY, Li YL, Liu GX, Wang X, Cai SQ. Holistic and dynamic metabolic alterations of traditional Chinese medicine syndrome in a toxic heat and blood stasis syndrome rat model. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra11748e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Dynamic changes of the metabolic network during the evolution of a syndrome based on the toxic heat and blood stasis syndrome (THBSS) rat model have been elucidated for the first time.
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42
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Yang ZW, Xu F, Liu X, Cao Y, Tang Q, Chen QY, Shang MY, Liu GX, Wang X, Cai SQ. An untargeted metabolomics approach to determine component differences and variation in their in vivo distribution between Kuqin and Ziqin, two commercial specifications of Scutellaria Radix. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10705f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Kuqin (KQ) and Ziqin (ZQ), derived from the roots of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, are two important commercial specifications of Scutellariae Radix (SR, termed Huang qin in Chinese).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Wei Yang
- Department of Chemical Biology
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- PR China
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- PR China
| | - Xin Liu
- Technical Center, Beijing Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau
- Beijing
- PR China
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Chemical Biology
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- PR China
| | - Qi Tang
- Department of Chemical Biology
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- PR China
| | - Qian-Yu Chen
- Department of Chemical Biology
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- PR China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- PR China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- PR China
| | - Xuan Wang
- Department of Chemical Biology
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- PR China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
- Peking University
- Beijing 100191
- PR China
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Wang D, Li XW, Wang X, Tan HR, Jia Y, Yang L, Li XM, Shang MY, Xu F, Yang XX, Shoyama Y, Cai SQ. Alpha-Actinin-4 is a Possible Target Protein for Aristolochic Acid I in Human Kidney Cells In Vitro. Am J Chin Med 2016; 44:291-304. [PMID: 27080942 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x16500178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Aristolochic acid I (AA-I) is a strong nephrotoxin, carcinogen, and mutagen found in plants such as the Aristolochia species. The mechanisms underlying AA-I toxicity in the kidneys are poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to gain insight into the mechanism of AA-I nephrotoxicity by analyzing the uptake, subcellular distribution, and intracellular targets of AA-I in the human kidney cell line HK-2 using immunocytochemistry, immunoprecipitation, and LC-MS/MS. In HK-2 cells incubated with 20[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/mL AA-I for different periods of time (up to 12[Formula: see text]h), AA-I was detected by a specific monoclonal antibody (MAb) against AA-I, both in the cytoplasm and nuclei. Nuclear localization depended on the exposure time. A protein with the molecular weight of 100 kDa was immunoprecipitated with the anti-AA-I MAb from the AA-I-treated cell lysates and was identified by LC-MS/MS as [Formula: see text]-actinin-4 after digestion of the protein, and was confirmed by immunoblotting with a specific anti-[Formula: see text]-actinin-4 MAb. This evidence shows, for the first time, that [Formula: see text]-actinin-4 is a protein targeted by AA-I in kidney cells. Our findings strongly suggest an association between [Formula: see text]-actinin-4 and AA-I nephrotoxic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Wang
- * State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs.,† Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Wei Li
- * State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs.,† Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Xuan Wang
- † Department of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Huan-Ran Tan
- ‡ Department of Pharmacology, Peking University, Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, P.R. China
| | - Yan Jia
- § Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Li Yang
- § Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Mei Li
- § Renal Division, Department of Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, P.R. China
| | | | - Feng Xu
- * State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
| | - Xing-Xin Yang
- * State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
| | - Yukihiro Shoyama
- ¶ Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki International University, Sasebo, Nagasaki 859-3298, Japan
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- * State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs
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Yang P, Xu F, Li HF, Wang Y, Li FC, Shang MY, Liu GX, Wang X, Cai SQ. Detection of 191 Taxifolin Metabolites and Their Distribution in Rats Using HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS(n). Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21091209. [PMID: 27649117 PMCID: PMC6273498 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21091209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 09/04/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Taxifolin is a ubiquitous bioactive constituent of foods and herbs. To thoroughly explore its metabolism in vivo, an HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn method combined with specific metabolite detection strategy was used to detect and identify the metabolites of taxifolin in rats. Of the 191 metabolites tentatively identified, 154 were new metabolites, 69 were new compounds and 32 were dimers. This is the first report of the in vivo biotransformation of a single compound into more than 100 metabolites. Furthermore, acetylamination and pyroglutamic acid conjugation were identified as new metabolic reactions. Seventeen metabolites were found to have various taxifolin-related bioactivities. The potential targets of taxifolin and 63 metabolites were predicted using PharmMapper, with results showing that more than 60 metabolites have the same five targets. Metabolites with the same fragment pattern may have the same pharmacophore. Thus these metabolites may exert the same pharmacological effects as taxifolin through an additive effect on the same drug targets. This observation indicates that taxifolin is bioactive not only in the parent form, but also through its metabolites. These findings enhance understanding of the metabolism and effective forms of taxifolin and may provide further insight of the beneficial effects of taxifolin and its derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Hong-Fu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Feng-Chun Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Xuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China.
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Wang L, Huang S, Chen B, Zang XY, Su D, Liang J, Xu F, Liu GX, Shang MY, Cai SQ. Characterization of the Anticoagulative Constituents of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Their Metabolites in Rats by HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MSn. Planta Med 2016; 82:362-370. [PMID: 26829520 DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1558309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Angelicae Sinensis Radix is commonly used in traditional Chinese medicine. Pharmacological studies show that Angelicae Sinensis Radix has clear anticoagulant activity. Therefore, in this study, the anticoagulant activity of crude Angelicae Sinensis Radix extracts was investigated by measuring the thrombin times of the extracts. The results revealed that the petroleum ether-soluble fraction of Angelicae Sinensis Radix exhibited significant anticoagulant activity in vitro, and 26 compounds were characterized by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection combined with electrospray ionization ion trap time-of-flight multistage mass spectrometry. In addition, 5 prototype constituents, 24 in vivo metabolites in rat urine and 7 prototype constituents, and 9 in vitro metabolites in the rat hepatic S9 incubation system of the petroleum ether-soluble fraction were tentatively identified. All metabolites were found from Angelicae Sinensis Radix for the first time. Among them, 13 (three ferulic acid-related constituents, six senkyunolide D-related constituents, and four senkyunolide F-related constituents) were identified as new metabolites (new compounds). This study is the first to qualitatively characterize the chemical constituents of the potent anticoagulative extract of Angelicae Sinensis Radix and to explore its metabolism. The result is a notable improvement in the discovery of Angelicae Sinensis Radix metabolites, and it provides the chemical basis for the effective forms and pharmacodynamic substances (prototypes, metabolites, or both) of the anticoagulant activity of Angelicae Sinensis Radix.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuai Huang
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Chen
- Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guilin, China
| | - Xin-Yu Zang
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Dan Su
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jing Liang
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- Department of Natural Medicines, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
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46
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Yang XX, Xu F, Wang D, Yang ZW, Tan HR, Shang MY, Wang X, Cai SQ. Development of a mitochondria-based centrifugal ultrafiltration/liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method for screening mitochondria-targeted bioactive constituents from complex matrixes: Herbal medicines as a case study. J Chromatogr A 2015; 1413:33-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2015] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/07/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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47
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Kita T, Komatsu K, Zhu S, Iida O, Sugimura K, Kawahara N, Taguchi H, Masamura N, Cai SQ. Development of intron length polymorphism markers in genes encoding diketide-CoA synthase and curcumin synthase for discriminating Curcuma species. Food Chem 2015; 194:1329-36. [PMID: 26471689 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2015.08.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2015] [Revised: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 08/11/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Various Curcuma rhizomes have been used as medicines or spices in Asia since ancient times. It is very difficult to distinguish them morphologically, especially when they are boiled and dried, which causes misidentification leading to a loss of efficacy. We developed a method for discriminating Curcuma species by intron length polymorphism markers in genes encoding diketide-CoA synthase and curcumin synthase. This method could apply to identification of not only fresh plants but also samples of crude drugs or edible spices. By applying this method to Curcuma specimens and samples, and constructing a dendrogram based on these markers, seven Curcuma species were clearly distinguishable. Moreover, Curcuma longa specimens were geographically distinguishable. On the other hand, Curcuma kwangsiensis (gl type) specimens also showed intraspecies polymorphism, which may have occurred as a result of hybridization with other Curcuma species. The molecular method we developed is a potential tool for global classification of the genus Curcuma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoko Kita
- Central Research & Development Institute, House Foods Group Inc., 1-4 Takanodai Yotsukaido, Chiba 284-0033, Japan.
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shu Zhu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Osamu Iida
- Tsukuba Division, Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 1-2, Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan
| | - Koji Sugimura
- Tanegashima Division, Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 17007-2, Matsubarayama, Noma, Nakatane-cho, Kumage-gun, Kagoshima 891-3604, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kawahara
- Tsukuba Division, Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, 1-2, Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0843, Japan
| | - Hiromu Taguchi
- Central Research & Development Institute, House Foods Group Inc., 1-4 Takanodai Yotsukaido, Chiba 284-0033, Japan
| | - Noriya Masamura
- Central Research & Development Institute, House Foods Group Inc., 1-4 Takanodai Yotsukaido, Chiba 284-0033, Japan
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xue-yuan Road, Haidian Dist., Beijing 100191, People's Republic of China
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Xu F, Li DP, Huang ZC, Lu FL, Wang L, Huang YL, Wang RF, Liu GX, Shang MY, Cai SQ. Exploring in vitro, in vivo metabolism of mogroside V and distribution of its metabolites in rats by HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS(n). J Pharm Biomed Anal 2015; 115:418-30. [PMID: 26280925 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2015.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Mogroside V, a cucurbitane-type saponin, is not only the major bioactive constituent of traditional Chinese medicine Siraitiae Fructus, but also a widely used sweetener. To clarify its biotransformation process and identify its effective forms in vivo, we studied its metabolism in a human intestinal bacteria incubation system, a rat hepatic 9000g supernatant (S9) incubation system, and rats. Meanwhile, the distribution of mogroside V and its metabolites was also reported firstly. Seventy-seven new metabolites, including 52 oxidation products formed by mono- to tetra- hydroxylation/dehydrogenation, were identified with the aid of HPLC in tandem with ESI ion trap (IT) TOF multistage mass spectrometry (HPLC-ESI-IT-TOF-MS(n)). Specifically, 14 metabolites were identified in human intestinal bacteria incubation system, 4 in hepatic S9 incubation system, 58 in faeces, 29 in urine, 14 in plasma, 34 in heart, 33 in liver, 39 in spleen, 39 in lungs, 42 in kidneys, 45 in stomach, and 51 in small intestine. The metabolic pathways of mogroside V were proposed and the identified metabolic reactions were deglycosylation, hydroxylation, dehydrogenation, isomerization, glucosylation, and methylation. Mogroside V and its metabolites were distributed unevenly in the organs of treated rats. Seven bioactive metabolites of mogroside V were identified, among which mogroside IIE was abundant in heart, liver, spleen and lung, suggesting that it may contribute to the bioactivities of mogroside V. Mogroside V was mainly excreted in urine, whereas its metabolites were mainly excreted in faeces. To our knowledge, this is the first report that a plant constituent can be biotransformed into more than 65 metabolites in vivo. These findings will improve understanding of the in vivo metabolism, distribution, and effective forms of mogroside V and congeneric molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Dian-Peng Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 85, Yanshan Road, Yanshan District, Guilin 541006, China.
| | - Zhen-Cong Huang
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangxi Hezhou Municipal People's Hospital, Hezhou 542899, China
| | - Feng-Lai Lu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 85, Yanshan Road, Yanshan District, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 85, Yanshan Road, Yanshan District, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Yong-Lin Huang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Functional Phytochemicals Research and Utilization, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 85, Yanshan Road, Yanshan District, Guilin 541006, China
| | - Ru-Feng Wang
- Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100102, China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100191, China.
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Ma LM, Xu F, Li FC, Wang JZ, Shang MY, Liu GX, Cai SQ. The profiling and identification of the metabolites of 8-prenylkaempferol and a study on their distribution in rats by high-performance liquid chromatography with diode array detection combined with electrospray ionization ion trap time-of-flight multistage mass spectrometry. Biomed Chromatogr 2015; 30:175-90. [PMID: 26058713 DOI: 10.1002/bmc.3534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2015] [Accepted: 06/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
8-Prenylkaempferol is a prenylflavonoid that has various bioactivities and benefits for human health. A high-performance liquid chromatography with a diode array detector combined with electrospray ionization ion trap time-of-flight multistage mass spectrometry (HPLC-DAD-ESI-IT-TOF-MS(n) ) method was established to profile and identify the metabolites of 8-prenylkaempferol in rat in vivo and in vitro, and to study the distribution of these metabolites in rats for the first time. A total of 38 metabolites were detected and tentatively identified, 30 of which were identified as new compounds. The new in vivo metabolic reactions in rats of prenylflavonoids of isomerization, polymerization, sulfation, amino acid conjugation, vitamin C conjugation and other known metabolic reactions were found in the metabolism of 8-prenylkaempferol. The numbers of detected metabolites in feces, urine, plasma, small intestine, stomach, kidneys, liver, heart, lungs, spleen and hepatic S9 fraction were 31, 19, 1, 20, 13, 8, 7, 3, 3, 1 and 11, respectively. This indicated that small intestine and stomach were the major organs in which the 8-prenylkaempferol metabolites were distributed. Furthermore, 16 metabolites were determined to have bioactivities based on the literature and 'PharmMapper' analysis. These findings are useful for better comprehension of the effective forms, target organs and pharmacological actions of 8-prenylkaempferol. Moreover, they provide a reference for the study of the metabolism and distribution of prenylflavonoid aglycone compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Man Ma
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Feng Xu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Feng-Chun Li
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Jing-Zhe Wang
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Ming-Ying Shang
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Guang-Xue Liu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- Division of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, No. 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing, 100191, China
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Yunusova N, Kim JY, Lee GJ, Hong JY, Shin BK, Cai SQ, Piao XL, Park JH, Kwon SW. Comparison of ginsenosides in radix and rhizome of wildPanaxspecies using LC-ELSD and LC-Q-TOF-MS. Int J Food Sci Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/ijfs.12814] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Jae Young Kim
- College of Pharmacy; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Gwang Jin Lee
- College of Pharmacy; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Ji Yeon Hong
- College of Pharmacy; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Byong-kyu Shin
- College of Pharmacy; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Science; Peking University; Beijing 100191 China
| | | | - Jeong Hill Park
- College of Pharmacy; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
| | - Sung Won Kwon
- College of Pharmacy; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
- Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
- Plant Genomics and Breeding Institute; Seoul National University; Seoul 151-742 Korea
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