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Komatsu K. Comprehensive study on genetic and chemical diversity of Asian medicinal plants, aimed at sustainable use and standardization of traditional crude drugs. J Nat Med 2024; 78:267-284. [PMID: 38133706 PMCID: PMC10902101 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01770-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Our representative studies to achieve sustainable use of crude drugs and ensure their stable quality are introduced: comprehensive studies on genetic, chemical, and sometimes pharmacological diversity of Asian medicinal plants including Paeonia lactiflora, Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Ephedra spp., Saposhnikovia divaricata, and Curcuma spp., as well as their related crude drugs. (1) For peony root, after genetic and chemical diversity analysis of crude drug samples including white and red peony root in China, the value-added resources with quality similar to red peony root were explored among 61 horticultural P. lactiflora varieties, and two varieties were identified. In addition, an optimized post-harvest processing method, which resulted in high contents of the main active components in the produced root, was developed to promote cultivation and production of brand peony root. (2) Alternative resources of glycyrrhiza, ephedra herb and saposhnikovia root and rhizome of Japanese Pharmacopoeia grade were discovered in eastern Mongolia after field investigation and quality assessment comparing Mongolian plants with Chinese crude drugs. Simultaneously, suitable specimens and prospective regions for cultivation were proposed. (3) Because of the wide distribution and morphological similarities of Curcuma species, classification of some species is debated, which leads to confusion in the use of Curcuma crude drugs. Molecular analyses of the intron length polymorphism (ILP) markers in genes encoding diketide-CoA synthase (DCS) and curcumin synthase (CURS) and trnK sequences, combined with essential oils analysis, were demonstrated as useful for standardization of Curcuma crude drugs. The above studies, representing various facets, can be applied to other crude drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsuko Komatsu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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2
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Zhou JC, Li HL, Zhou Y, Li XT, Yang ZY, Tohda C, Komatsu K, Piao XH, Ge YW. The roles of natural triterpenoid saponins against Alzheimer's disease. Phytother Res 2023; 37:5017-5040. [PMID: 37491018 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
The aging of the world population and increasing stress levels in life are the major cause of the increased incidence of neurological disorders. Alzheimer's disease (AD) creates a huge burden on the lives and health of individuals and has become a big concern for society. Triterpenoid saponins (TS), representative natural product components, have a wide range of pharmacological bioactivities such as anti-inflammation, antioxidation, antiapoptosis, hormone-like, and gut microbiota regulation. Notably, some natural TS exhibited promising neuroprotective activity that can intervene in AD progress, especially in the early stage. Recently, studies have indicated that TS play a pronounced positive role in the prevention and treatment of AD. This review discusses the recent research on the neuroprotection of TS and proceeds to detail the action mechanisms of TS against AD, hoping to provide a reference for drug development for anti-AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Chun Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Innovative team of research on effective substances of traditional Chinese medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hui-Lin Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Innovative team of research on effective substances of traditional Chinese medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Innovative team of research on effective substances of traditional Chinese medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xi-Tao Li
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Innovative team of research on effective substances of traditional Chinese medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhi-You Yang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Aquatic Product Processing and Safety, Institute of Nutrition and Marine Drugs, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Chihiro Tohda
- Division of Neuromedical Science, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Division of Neuromedical Science, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Xiu-Hong Piao
- School of Life Sciences and Biopharmaceutics, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue-Wei Ge
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Digital Quality Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica of State Administration of TCM, Innovative team of research on effective substances of traditional Chinese medicine, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, China
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Dong Y, Toume K, Zhu S, Shi Y, Tamura T, Yoshimatsu K, Komatsu K. Metabolomics analysis of peony root using NMR spectroscopy and impact of the preprocessing method for NMR data in multivariate analysis. J Nat Med 2023; 77:792-816. [PMID: 37432536 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01721-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023]
Abstract
Peony root is an important herbal drug used as an antispasmodic analgesic. To evaluate peony roots with different botanical origins, producing areas, and post-harvest processing, 1H NMR-based metabolomics analysis was employed. Five types of monoterpenoids, including albiflorin (4), paeoniflorin (6), and sulfonated paeoniflorin (25), and six other compounds, including 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (18), benzoic acid (21), gallic acid (22), and sucrose (26) were detected in the extracts of peony root samples. Among them, compounds 4, 6, 18, and total monoterpenoids including 21 were quantified by quantitative 1H NMR (qHNMR). Compound 25 was detected in 1H NMR spectra of sulfur-fumigated white peony root (WPR) extracts indicating that 1H NMR was a fast and effective method for identifying sulfur-fumigated WPR. The content of 26, the main factor affecting extract yield, increased significantly in peony root after low-temperature storage for one month, whereas that in WPR did not increase due to the boiling treatment after harvesting. We investigated the impact of preprocessing methods to such analysis for NMR data from commercial samples, resulting that the data matrix transformed from qHNMR spectra and normalized to internal standard were optimum for multivariate analysis. The multivariate analysis demonstrated that among commercial samples derived from P. lactiflora, peony root samples in Japanese market (PR) had high contents of 18 and 22, and red peony root (RPR) samples had high content of monoterpenoids represented by 6; and among RPR samples, those derived from P. veitchii showed higher contents of 18 and 22 than those from P. lactiflora. The 1H NMR-based metabolomics method coupled with qHNMR was useful for evaluation of peony root and would be applicable for other crude drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhuo Dong
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Shu Zhu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yanhong Shi
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tamura
- Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, Toyama Prefectural Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, 2732 Hirono, Kamiichi-Machi, Nakaniikawa-gun, Toyama, 930-0412, Japan
| | - Kayo Yoshimatsu
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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Dong Y, Toume K, Kimijima S, Zhang H, Zhu S, He Y, Cai S, Maruyama T, Komatsu K. Metabolite profiling of Drynariae Rhizoma using 1H NMR and HPLC coupled with multivariate statistical analysis. J Nat Med 2023; 77:839-857. [PMID: 37535166 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01726-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 06/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Drynariae Rhizoma has been used to treat bone diseases and kidney deficiency in traditional medicine. Recently its aqueous extract was reported to enhance memory function. Although the Japanese standards for non-Pharmacopoeial crude drugs 2022 prescribed Drynaria roosii as the botanical origin, some counterfeits and both raw and stir-fired crude drugs are available in markets. To distinguish Drynariae Rhizoma derived from D. roosii appropriately from others and verify the validity of uses of stir-fried ones, 1H NMR-based metabolite profiling coupled with HPLC were performed. Raw samples derived from D. roosii contained naringin (1), neoeriocitrin (2), 5,7-dihydroxychromone-7-O-neohesperidoside (3), caffeic acid 4-O-β-D-glucoside (4), protocatechuic acid (5), trans-p-coumaric acid 4-O-β-D-glucoside (6), and kaempferol 3-O-α-L-rhamnoside 7-O-β-D-glucoside (8). Stir-fried samples were characterized by presence of 5-hydroxymethyl-2-furaldehyde (13), and were divided into two types; one possessing similar composition to raw samples (Type I) and another without above components except 5 (Type II). Quantitative analyses using qHNMR and HPLC, followed by principal component analysis demonstrated that the raw samples had higher contents of 1 (0.93-9.86 mg/g), 2 (0.74-7.59 mg/g), 3 (0.05-2.48 mg/g), 4 (0.27-2.51 mg/g), 6 (0.14-1.26 mg/g), and 8 (0.04-0.52 mg/g), and Type II had a higher content of 5 (0.84-1.32 mg/g). The counterfeit samples derived from Araiostegia divaricata var. formosana were characterized by higher content of ( -)-epicatechin 3-O-β-D-allopyranoside (10) (1.44-11.49 mg/g) without 1 and 2. These results suggested that Drynariae Rhizoma samples derived from other botanical origins and Type II stir-fried samples cannot substitute for D. roosii rhizome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuzhuo Dong
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Shin Kimijima
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hanpei Zhang
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shu Zhu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Wakayama Medical University, 25-1 Shichibancho, Wakayama, Wakayama, 640-8156, Japan
| | - Yumin He
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
- Medical College of China Three Gorges University, Yichang, 443002, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoqing Cai
- The State Key Laboratory of Natural and Biomimetic Drugs, School of Pharmaceutical Science, Peking University, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Takuro Maruyama
- National Institute of Health Science, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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Kuboyama T, Hotta K, Asanuma M, Ge YW, Toume K, Yamazaki T, Komatsu K. Quality assessment of Rheum species cultivated in Japan by focusing on M2 polarization of microglia. J Nat Med 2023; 77:699-711. [PMID: 37347410 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01710-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023]
Abstract
In traditional Japanese medicine, Rhei Rhizoma is used as a purgative, blood stasis-resolving and antipsychotic drug. The latter two properties are possibly related to anti-inflammatory effects. Microglia regulate inflammation in the central nervous system. M1 microglia induce inflammation, while M2 microglia inhibit inflammation and show neurotrophic effects. This study investigated the effects from water extracts of roots of cultivated Rheum species in Nagano Prefecture, Japan (strain C, a related strain to a Japanese cultivar, 'Shinshu-Daio'; and strain 29, a Chinese strain) and 3 kinds of Rhei Rhizoma available in the Japanese market, and also examined their constituents on the polarization of cultured microglia. All extracts significantly decreased M1 microglia, and strains C and 29 significantly increased M2 microglia. Furthermore, the extracts of both strains significantly increased the M2/M1 ratio. Among the constituents of Rhei Rhizoma, ( +)-catechin (2), resveratrol 4'-O-β-D-(6″-O-galloyl) glucopyranoside (5), isolindleyin (8), and physcion (15) significantly increased the M2/M1 ratio. The contents of the constituents in water extract of each strain were quantified using HPLC. The extracts of strains C and 29 contained relatively large amounts of 2 and 5; and 2, 8, and 15, respectively. This study showed the water extracts of roots of cultivated Rheum strains in Japan had the effects of M2 polarization of microglia, suggesting that these strains become the candidate to develop anti-inflammatory Rhei Rhizoma. Moreover, the suitable chemical composition to possess anti-inflammatory activity in the brain was clarified for the future development of new type of Rhei Rhizoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoharu Kuboyama
- Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Daiichi University of Pharmacy, 22-1 Tamagawa-Cho, Minami-Ku, Fukuoka, 815-8511, Japan.
| | - Kenichiro Hotta
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Division of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Mai Asanuma
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kodo, Kyotanabe, Kyoto, 610-0395, Japan
| | - Yue-Wei Ge
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, 280 Wai Huan Dong Road, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Division of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takuma Yamazaki
- Pharmaceutical Affairs Division, Health and Welfare, Department of Nagano Prefecture, 692-2 Habashita, Minami-Nagano, Nagano, 380-8570, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Division of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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Shinji H, Sasaki N, Hamim I, Itoh Y, Taku K, Hayashi Y, Minato N, Moriyama H, Arie T, Komatsu K. Dynamin-related protein 2 interacts with the membrane-associated methyltransferase domain of plantago asiatica mosaic virus replicase and promotes viral replication. Virus Res 2023; 331:199128. [PMID: 37149224 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2023.199128] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Positive-strand RNA viruses replicate their RNA in the viral replication complex, a spherical structure formed by remodeling of host intracellular membranes. This process also requires the interaction between viral membrane-associated replication proteins and host factors. We previously identified the membrane-associated determinant of the replicase of plantago asiatica mosaic virus (PlAMV), a positive-strand RNA virus of the genus Potexvirus, in its methyltransferase (MET) domain, and suggested that its interaction with host factors is required to establish viral replication. Here we identified Nicotiana benthamiana dynamin-related protein 2 (NbDRP2) as an interactor of the MET domain of the PlAMV replicase by co-immunoprecipitation (Co-IP) and mass spectrometry analysis. NbDRP2 is closely related to the DRP2 subfamily proteins in Arabidopsis thaliana, AtDRP2A and AtDRP2B. Confocal microscopy observation and Co-IP confirmed the interaction between the MET domain and NbDRP2. Also, the expression of NbDRP2 was induced by PlAMV infection. PlAMV accumulation was reduced when the expression of NbDRP2 gene was suppressed by virus-induced gene silencing. In addition, PlAMV accumulation was reduced in protoplasts treated with dynamin inhibitor. These results indicate a proviral role of the interaction of NbDRP2 with the MET domain in PlAMV replication.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Shinji
- Graduate School for Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Tokyo 183-8509, Japan.
| | - N Sasaki
- Graduate School for Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - I Hamim
- Department of Plant Pathology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2202, Bangladesh; International Research Fellow, Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo 102-0083, Japan
| | - Y Itoh
- Smart-Core-Facility Promotion Organization, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - K Taku
- Graduate School for Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - Y Hayashi
- Graduate School for Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - N Minato
- Institute of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata 950-2181 Japan
| | - H Moriyama
- Graduate School for Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - T Arie
- Graduate School for Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
| | - K Komatsu
- Graduate School for Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology (TUAT), Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Liu Q, Zhu S, Hayashi S, Iida O, Takano A, Miyake K, Sukrong S, Agil M, Balachandran I, Nakamura N, Kawahara N, Komatsu K. Correction to: Discrimination of Curcuma species from Asia using intron length polymorphism markers in genes encoding diketide-CoA synthase and curcumin synthase. J Nat Med 2023; 77:622-623. [PMID: 36988851 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-023-01694-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Qundong Liu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shu Zhu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Hayashi
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kumage-Gun, 17007-2 Nakatane-cho, Kagoshima, 891-3604, Japan
| | - Osamu Iida
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kumage-Gun, 17007-2 Nakatane-cho, Kagoshima, 891-3604, Japan
| | - Akihito Takano
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machidashi, Tokyo, 194-8543, Japan
| | - Katsunori Miyake
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Suchada Sukrong
- Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Rd, Wang Mai, Pathum Wan District, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Mangestuti Agil
- Airlangga University, Jl. Airlangga No.4 - 6, Airlangga, Kec. Gubeng, Kota SBY, Jawa Timur, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Indira Balachandran
- Center for Medicinal Plants Research, Arya Vaidya Sala, Kottakkal, Malappuram, Kerala, 676503, India
| | - Norio Nakamura
- Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kodo, Kyotanabe City, Kyoto, 610-0395, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kawahara
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kumage-Gun, 17007-2 Nakatane-cho, Kagoshima, 891-3604, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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Tayama Y, Mizukami S, Toume K, Komatsu K, Yanagi T, Nara T, Tieu P, Huy NT, Hamano S, Hirayama K. Anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of Coptis rhizome extract and its constituents. Trop Med Health 2023; 51:12. [PMID: 36859380 PMCID: PMC9976467 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-023-00502-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Current therapeutic agents, including nifurtimox and benznidazole, are not sufficiently effective in the chronic phase of Trypanosoma cruzi infection and are accompanied by various side effects. In this study, 120 kinds of extracts from medicinal herbs used for Kampo formulations and 94 kinds of compounds isolated from medicinal herbs for Kampo formulations were screened for anti-T. cruzi activity in vitro and in vivo. METHODS As an experimental method, a recombinant protozoan cloned strain expressing luciferase, namely Luc2-Tulahuen, was used in the experiments. The in vitro anti-T. cruzi activity on epimastigote, trypomastigote, and amastigote forms was assessed by measuring luminescence intensity after treatment with the Kampo extracts or compounds. In addition, the cytotoxicity of compounds was tested using mouse and human feeder cell lines. The in vivo anti-T. cruzi activity was measured by a murine acute infection model using intraperitoneal injection of trypomastigotes followed by live bioluminescence imaging. RESULTS As a result, three protoberberine-type alkaloids, namely coptisine chloride, dehydrocorydaline nitrate, and palmatine chloride, showed strong anti-T. cruzi activities with low cytotoxicity. The IC50 values of these compounds differed depending on the side chain, and the most effective compound, coptisine chloride, showed a significant effect in the acute infection model. CONCLUSIONS For these reasons, coptisine chloride is a hit compound that can be a potential candidate for anti-Chagas disease drugs. In addition, it was expected that there would be room for further improvement by modifying the side chains of the basic skeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Tayama
- grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan ,grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan
| | - Shusaku Mizukami
- grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273Department of Immune Regulation, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan ,grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273School of Tropical Medicines and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan ,grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273The Joint Usage/Research Center On Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XSection of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- grid.267346.20000 0001 2171 836XSection of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Yanagi
- grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273NEKKEN Bio-Resource Center (NBRC), Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan ,grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273The Joint Usage/Research Center On Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan
| | - Takeshi Nara
- grid.411789.20000 0004 0371 1051Faculty of Pharmacy, Iryo Sosei University, Iwaki, Fukushima Japan
| | - Paul Tieu
- grid.25073.330000 0004 1936 8227Faculty of Health Sciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON Canada ,Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan ,grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273School of Tropical Medicines and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan ,Online Research Club, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Shinjiro Hamano
- grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan ,grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan ,grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273The Joint Usage/Research Center On Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan
| | - Kenji Hirayama
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan. .,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan. .,School of Tropical Medicines and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan. .,The Joint Usage/Research Center On Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
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Komatsu K, Ko JA, Shimizu A, Okumichi H, Kiuchi Y. Functional Analysis of Semaphorin 3A in Retinal Ganglion Cells under Hypoxia In Vitro. BIOL BULL+ 2023. [DOI: 10.1134/s1062359022700017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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10
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Liu Q, Komatsu K, Toume K, Zhu S, Tanaka K, Hayashi S, Anjiki N, Kawahara N, Takano A, Miyake K, Nakamura N, Sukrong S, Agil M, Balachandra I. Essential oil composition of Curcuma species and drugs from Asia analyzed by headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. J Nat Med 2023; 77:152-172. [PMID: 36443621 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-022-01658-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Essential oils (EOs) comprised of various bioactive compounds have been widely detected in the Curcuma species. Due to the widespread distribution and misidentification of Curcuma species and differences in processing methods, inconsistent reports on major compounds in rhizomes of the same species from different geographical regions are not uncommon. This inconsistency leads to confusion and inaccuracy in compound detection of each species and also hinders comparative study based on EO compositions. The present study aimed to characterize EO compositions of 12 Curcuma species, as well as to detect the compositional variation among different species, and between the plant specimens and their related genetically validated crude drug samples using headspace solid-phase microextraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The plant specimens of the same species showed similar EO patterns, regardless of introducing from different geographical sources. Based on the similarity of EO compositions, all the specimens and samples were separated into eight main groups: C. longa; C. phaeocaulis, C. aeruginosa and C. zedoaria; C. zanthorrhiza; C. aromatica and C. wenyujin; C. kwangsiensis; C. amada and C. mangga; C. petiolata; C. comosa. From EOs of all the specimens and samples, 54 major compounds were identified, and the eight groups were chemically characterized. Most of the major compounds detected in plant specimens were also observed in crude drug samples, although a few compounds converted or degraded due to processing procedures or over time. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis allowed the marker compounds to discriminate each group or each species to be identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qundong Liu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shu Zhu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Ken Tanaka
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ritsumeikan University, 1-1-1 Noji-Higashi, Kusatsu, Shiga, 525-8577, Japan
| | - Shigeki Hayashi
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 17007-2 Nakatane-cho, Kumage-Gun, Kagoshima, 891-3604, Japan
| | - Naoko Anjiki
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 17007-2 Nakatane-cho, Kumage-Gun, Kagoshima, 891-3604, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kawahara
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 17007-2 Nakatane-cho, Kumage-Gun, Kagoshima, 891-3604, Japan
| | - Akihito Takano
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machidashi, Tokyo, 194-8543, Japan
| | - Katsunori Miyake
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Norio Nakamura
- Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kodo, Kyotanabe City, Kyoto, 610-0395, Japan
| | - Suchada Sukrong
- Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Rd, Wang Mai, Pathum Wan District, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Mangestuti Agil
- Airlangga University, Jl. Airlangga No.4 - 6, Airlangga, Kec. Gubeng, Kota SBY, Jawa Timur, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Indira Balachandra
- Center for Medicinal Plants Research, Arya Vaidya Sala, Kottakkal, Malappuram District, Kerala, 676503, India
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11
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Goto Y, Fujii T, Takao Y, Tsuchida T, Sone M, Kammoto T, Matsuura T, Yokokura T, Minami M, Komatsu K, Kiuchi F, Maruyama T. Genetic and Chemical Diversity of Commercial Japanese Valerian. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022; 70:840-847. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c22-00105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Goto
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences
| | - Taichi Fujii
- College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chubu University
| | - Yasumasa Takao
- Experimental Station for Medicinal Plant Research, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science, University of Toyama
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama
| | | | - Takuro Maruyama
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences
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12
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Yamashita K, Komatsu K, Ohhara T, Munakata K, Irifune T, Shinmei T, Sugiyama K, Kawamata T, Kagi H. In situ single-crystal neutron diffraction of a high-pressure phase of sodium chloride hydrate. Acta Cryst Sect A 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273322091288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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13
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Komatsu K. Structure of high-pressure ices revealed from single-crystal and powder neutron diffraction. Acta Cryst Sect A 2022. [DOI: 10.1107/s2053273322095237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/19/2023]
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14
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Tatsimo Ndendoung SJ, Tamokou JDD, Toume K, Havyarimana L, Ekom SE, Komatsu K. A new megastigmane, known porphyrinic and galloylated bioactive derivatives from the leaves of Gymnosporia senegalensis. Journal of Chemical Research 2022. [DOI: 10.1177/17475198211072498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Investigation of the non-polar (rich in chlorophyll) and polar fractions of the ethyl acetate extract of Gymnosporia senegalensis (Lam.) Loes. leaves led to the isolation of nine compounds, including one new megastigmane derivative, (3 R*,5 S*,6 R*,7 E,9ξ)-7-megastigmene-3,6,9-triol-3- O-β-D-(6′- O-galloyl)glucopyranoside (1), four known galloylated derivatives (2, 3, 8, 9), three known chlorophyll derivatives (4–6), and one known fatty acid (7). The structures of the isolates were determined by means of spectroscopic and spectrometric data, as well as by comparison with literature values. The extracts and isolated compounds were tested for their antibacterial, antifungal, and antioxidant activities. The isolates showed weak to high antimicrobial activities with phaeophytin A (4) being the most active one whereas phaeophorbide-a (5) and Chlorine e6 trimethyl ester (6) exhibited the highest antioxidant activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simplice Jöel Tatsimo Ndendoung
- Department of Chemistry, Higher Teachers’ Training College, University of Maroua, Maroua, Cameroon
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Jean-De-Dieu Tamokou
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Léopold Havyarimana
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, National University of Burundi, Bujumbura, Burundi
| | - Steve Endeguele Ekom
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
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15
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Sone M, Komatsu K, Zhu S, Cheng X, Ketphanh S, Kawahara N. Essential oil components in the seed masses of Amomum xanthioides and its related species from Southeast Asia and China. J Nat Med 2022; 76:435-450. [PMID: 35075577 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01599-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Previously, to develop an objective identification method for Amomi Semen (AS), the nucleotide sequences of nrDNA ITS region and two cpDNA regions of nine Amomum taxa specimens from Southeast Asia and China were determined, and the generated phylogenetic tree showed six taxa specimens were divided into four groups. In this study, 51 crude drug samples of AS in Japanese markets were classified into four groups or species based on their ITS sequences. Approximately 67% of samples were derived from A. villosum var. xanthioides or A. xanthioides, A. villosum var. villosum and A. longiligulare prescribed in Japanese Pharmacopoeia, and the rest were mixed with A. uliginosum and A. microcarpum. Subsequently, the essential oil compositions of Amomum taxa specimens and AS samples were determined by GC-MS to characterize each group or species. Group 1(A. xanthioides) samples were characterized by containing higher amount of camphor(6) than bornyl acetate(9), and a specific germacrene D-4-ol; group 2(Chinese A. villosum var. villosum and var. xanthioides) by containing higher amount of 9 than 6, a specific isobornyl acetate; group 3(Laotian A. villosum var. villosum and A. longiligulare) by containing higher amount of 6 than 9, and a characteristic neointermedeol, except for A. longiligulare specimen from Hainan, China; group 4(A. uliginosum) by containing equivalent amount of 6 and 9, and the specific (E,E)-farnesyl acetate and (E,E)-farnesol. A. microcarpum samples were discriminated from the above groups by absence of 6 and 9, and with higher amount of (E)-nerolidol. There was a good correlation between genetic classification and chemical discrimination.
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16
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Ngwe Tun MM, Toume K, Luvai E, Nwe KM, Mizukami S, Hirayama K, Komatsu K, Morita K. The discovery of herbal drugs and natural compounds as inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 infection in vitro. J Nat Med 2022; 76:402-409. [PMID: 35006524 PMCID: PMC8743439 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01596-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
The emergence of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic in 2019 has led to a global health crisis. Mutations of the SARS-CoV-2 genome have impeded the development of effective therapeutics and vaccines against SARS-CoV-2. Natural products are important for discovering therapeutics to treat the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19). In the present study, we investigated the antiviral activity of herbal drug extracts from Polygala Root, Areca, and Quercus Bark and natural compounds derived from herbal drug such as baicalin and glabridin, with IC50 values of 9.5 µg/ml, 1.2 µg/ml, 5.4 µg/ml, 8.8 µM, and 2.5 µM, respectively, against SARS CoV-2 infection in vitro. Certain herbal drug extracts and natural compounds were found to inhibit viral RNA levels and infectious titers of SARS-CoV-2 in a dose-dependent manner. Furthermore, viral protein analyses showed that herbal drug extracts and natural compounds effectively inhibited SARS-CoV-2 in the various entry treatments. Our study revealed that three herbal drugs are good candidates for further in vivo and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mya Myat Ngwe Tun
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Elizabeth Luvai
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Khine Mya Nwe
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Shusaku Mizukami
- Department of Immune Regulation, Shionogi Global Infectious Diseases Division, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Kenji Hirayama
- Department of Immune Regulation, Shionogi Global Infectious Diseases Division, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kouichi Morita
- Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki City, 852-8523, Japan.
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17
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Huang YH, Ding WL, Li XT, Cai MT, Li HL, Yang ZY, Piao XH, Zhu S, Tohda C, Komatsu K, Wang S, Ge YW. Memory enhancement effect of saponins from Eleutherococcus senticosus leaves and blood-brain barrier-permeated saponins profiling using a pseudotargeted monitoring strategy. Food Funct 2022; 13:3603-3620. [DOI: 10.1039/d1fo03078g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Dried Eleutherococcus senticosus leaves (ESL), also known as Siberian ginseng tea, are beneficial for human neural disorders. Our previous studies showed that the aqueous extract of ESL enhanced memory in...
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18
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Hashim Y, Toume K, Mizukami S, Kitami T, Taniguchi M, Teklemichael AA, Tayama Y, Huy NT, Lami JN, Bodi JM, Hirayama K, Komatsu K. Phenylpropanoid-conjugated iridoid glucosides from leaves of Morinda morindoides. J Nat Med 2021; 76:281-290. [PMID: 34533755 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01567-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Three phenylpropanoid-conjugated iridoid glucosides, acetylgaertneric acid (1), acetyldehydrogaertneroside (2), and dehydrogaertneric acid (10), together with nine known related iridoid glucosides (3-9, 11, and 12), two coumaroyl alkaloids, one benzenoid, and three flavonoid glucosides were isolated from leaves of Morinda morindoides (Rubiaceae). Structures of these isolated compounds were determined using spectroscopic analysis. Compounds 1-18 and previously isolated compounds (19-29) were evaluated for anti-trypanosomal activity against Trypanosoma cruzi Tulahuen strain (trypomastigote and amastigote) together with cytotoxicity against host cells, new-born mouse heart cells. Among them, molucidin (21) and prismatomerin (22) exhibited good anti-trypanosomal activity (IC50 of 4.67 and 5.70 µM, respectively), together with cytotoxicity (CC50 of 2.76 and 3.22 μM, respectively). Compounds 1-18 did not show anti-malarial activity against a chloroquine/mefloquine-sensitive strain of Plasmodium falciparum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasinjan Hashim
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Shusaku Mizukami
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Department of Clinical Product Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Department of Immune Regulation, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Toshinori Kitami
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Mayumi Taniguchi
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Department of Immune Regulation, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Awet Alem Teklemichael
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yuki Tayama
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Department of Clinical Product Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - José Nzunzu Lami
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Laboratory of Pharmaceutics and Phytopharmaceutical Drug Development, University of Kinshasa, B.P. 212, Kinshasa XI, Democratic Republic of the Congo
| | - Joseph M Bodi
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Kinshasa, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Kenji Hirayama
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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19
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Liu Q, Zhu S, Hayashi S, Anjiki N, Takano A, Kawahara N, Komatsu K. Genetic analysis of Curcuma species from Asia based on intron regions of genes encoding diketide-CoA synthase and curcumin synthase. J Nat Med 2021; 76:276-280. [PMID: 34495455 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01563-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Intron length polymorphism (ILP) markers in genes encoding diketide-CoA synthase (DCS) and curcumin synthase (CURS) showed high identification rates in 13 Curcuma species from Asia. However, the sequences of the intron regions have not yet been analyzed. To elucidate the sequence differences in intron regions of the DCS and CURS genes and to search for specific sequences suitable for the identification of Curcuma species, a large number of sequences were determined through subcloning coupled with sequencing analysis of six Curcuma plant specimens belonging to five species that showed distinct ILP patterns. More than 30 sequences of each region from each specimen were grouped into genes DCS1, DCS2, or CURS1-3 and subsequently the sequences of the same genes were compared. Sequences belonging to the same gene showed inter-species similarity, and thus, these intron sequences were less informative within each single-gene region. The determined sequences from each specimen showed 3-5 kinds of sequence lengths in DCS intron I region, and 5-7 kinds of sequence lengths in CURS intron region. The length of determined sequences and the fragment number in each intron region were different among species, or specimens in C. longa, which were in accordance with the fragment lengths and numbers in their corresponding ILP patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qundong Liu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shu Zhu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Hayashi
- Tanegashima Division, Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 17007-2 Nakatane-cho, Kumage-Gun, Kagoshima, 891-3604, Japan
| | - Naoko Anjiki
- Tanegashima Division, Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 17007-2 Nakatane-cho, Kumage-Gun, Kagoshima, 891-3604, Japan
| | - Akihito Takano
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machidashi, Tokyo, 194-8543, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kawahara
- Tanegashima Division, Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 17007-2 Nakatane-cho, Kumage-Gun, Kagoshima, 891-3604, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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Liu Q, Zhu S, Hayashi S, Iida O, Takano A, Miyake K, Sukrong S, Agil M, Balachandran I, Nakamura N, Kawahara N, Komatsu K. Discrimination of Curcuma species from Asia using intron length polymorphism markers in genes encoding diketide-CoA synthase and curcumin synthase. J Nat Med 2021; 76:69-86. [PMID: 34482450 PMCID: PMC10050018 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01558-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Recently, Curcuma rhizome-related foods with claimed health benefits have been used worldwide; however, correct identification and quality assessment have not been conducted. Due to the wide distribution and morphological similarities of Curcuma species, the classification of some species is debated and nomenclature is inconsistent among countries. In this study, to elucidate specific molecular markers of medicinally used Curcuma species in Asia, and to solve the confusion on the reported botanical origin of crude drugs, molecular analysis based on the intron length polymorphism (ILP) in genes encoding diketide-CoA synthase and curcumin synthase and the trnK intron sequences was performed using 59 plant specimens and 42 crude drug samples from 13 Curcuma species, obtained from Asian countries. The ILP patterns of the respective species from both plant specimens and crude drug samples revealed high consistency in C. aromatica, C. zedoaria, C. phaeocaulis, C. aeruginosa, C. wenyujin, and C. zanthorrhiza, but showed intraspecies polymorphism in C. longa, C. kwangsiensis, C. amada, C. mangga and C. comosa. The C. longa specimens and samples were separated into three subgroups which were highly consistent with their geographical origins. Based on the ILP markers and the trnK intron sequences, the botanical origins of "Khamin oi" from Thailand were correctly determined to be C. longa or a hybrid between C. longa and other species, and "Wan narn kum" from Thailand and "Kasturi manjal" from India were correctly determined to be C. zanthorrhiza.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qundong Liu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shu Zhu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Shigeki Hayashi
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kumage-Gun, 17007-2 Nakatane-cho, Kagoshima, 891-3604, Japan
| | - Osamu Iida
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kumage-Gun, 17007-2 Nakatane-cho, Kagoshima, 891-3604, Japan
| | - Akihito Takano
- Showa Pharmaceutical University, 3-3165 Higashi-Tamagawagakuen, Machidashi, Tokyo, 194-8543, Japan
| | - Katsunori Miyake
- Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, 1432-1 Horinouchi, Hachioji, Tokyo, 192-0392, Japan
| | - Suchada Sukrong
- Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Rd, Wang Mai, Pathum Wan District, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Mangestuti Agil
- Airlangga University, Jl. Airlangga No.4 - 6, Airlangga, Kec. Gubeng, Kota SBY, Jawa Timur, 60115, Indonesia
| | - Indira Balachandran
- Center for Medicinal Plants Research, Arya Vaidya Sala, Kottakkal, Malappuram, Kerala, 676503, India
| | - Norio Nakamura
- Doshisha Women's College of Liberal Arts, Kodo, Kyotanabe City, Kyoto, 610-0395, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kawahara
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kumage-Gun, 17007-2 Nakatane-cho, Kagoshima, 891-3604, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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21
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Hashim Y, Toume K, Mizukami S, Ge YW, Taniguchi M, Teklemichael AA, Huy NT, Bodi JM, Hirayama K, Komatsu K. Phenylpropanoid conjugated iridoids with anti-malarial activity from the leaves of Morinda morindoides. J Nat Med 2021; 75:915-925. [PMID: 34189715 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01541-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Two phenylpropanoid-conjugated iridoids, deglucosyl gaertneroside (1) and morindoidin (2), were isolated from the leaves of Morinda morindoides (Rubiaceae) by activity-guided fractionation using an anti-malarial activity assay. The known related iridoids molucidin (3) and prismatomerin (4), two lignans, abscisic acid, two megastigmanes, and two flavonol glycosides were also identified. The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated using spectroscopic analysis. The isolated compounds were evaluated for anti-malarial activity against the chloroquine/mefloquine-sensitive strains of Plasmodium falciparum together with cytotoxicity against adult mouse brain cells. Potent anti-malarial activity of 3 and 4 (IC50 of 0.96 and 0.80 μM, CC50 of 1.02 and 0.88 μM, and SI of 1.06 and 1.10, respectively) was shown, while new iridoids 1 and 2 and pinoresinol (5) displayed moderate activity (IC50 of 40.9, 20.6, and 24.2 μM) without cytotoxicity (CC50 > 50 μM). These results indicate that 1-5 may be promising lead compounds for anti-malarial drugs. In addition, our results imply the necessity of the quality control of the extract of M. morindoides leaves based on the contents of 1-5 in terms of the safety and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasinjan Hashim
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Shusaku Mizukami
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Department of Clinical Product Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Department of Immune Regulation, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yue-Wei Ge
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Mayumi Taniguchi
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Department of Immune Regulation, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Awet Alem Teklemichael
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Department of Clinical Product Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Joseph M Bodi
- Department of Pediatrics, Emergency and Intensive Care Unit, University Hospital of Kinshasa, Faculty of Medicine, University of Kinshasa, Kinshasa, Democratic Republic of Congo
| | - Kenji Hirayama
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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22
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Zhu S, Liu Q, He J, Nakajima N, Samarakoon SP, Swe S, Zaw K, Komatsu K. Genetic identification of medicinally used Salacia species by nrDNA ITS sequences and a PCR-RFLP assay for authentication of Salacia-related health foods. J Ethnopharmacol 2021; 274:113909. [PMID: 33588011 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The roots and stems of several Salacia species have been used as traditional medicines, especially in Ayurvedic medical system for the treatment of diabetes, rheumatism, gonorrhea, amenorrhea, skin diseases, etc. Due to reported evidence supporting Salacia's beneficial effects in early-stage diabetes and other lifestyle-related diseases, Salacia-based dietary supplements and health foods have been gaining popularity in Japan and other countries in recent years. However, due to the morphological similarities between Salacia plants, particularly in the medicinally used parts (roots and stems), the authentication of the botanical identities of Salacia-derived products is challenging. AIM OF THIS STUDY This study aims to develop a genetic approach to authenticate the medicinally used Salacia species and to determine the botanical sources of the commercially available Salacia-derived products. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sequences of nuclear DNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and chloroplast trnK-rps16 region were determined and compared between 10 plant specimens from three medicinally used Salacia species as well as 48 samples of commercial crude drugs. Moreover, a PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay was developed for rapid identification based on the ITS sequences. RESULTS The plant specimens from the three medicinally used Salacia species showed three main types of sequences in both ITS (types I, II, III) and trnK-rps16 (i, ii, iii) regions. Combined the sequences of ITS and trnK-rps16 regions, S. reticulata and S. oblonga had type I-i and type III-iii or similar sequences, respectively. S. chinensis had type II-ii or II(536M)-i sequences. Forty-eight samples of commercial crude drugs were identified based on ITS and trnK-rps16 DNA barcode. A convenient PCR-RFLP assay using Cac8I restriction enzyme was established and applied to identify the botanical sources of health food products purchased from online retailers. All the twelve samples were identified as S. chinensis. CONCLUSION The nrDNA ITS sequences provided useful information to authenticate Salacia species and to elucidate the phylogenetic relationship within the Salacia genus. Genetic identification results revealed that S. chinensis and S. reticulata are the major sources of commercially available Salacia-products. Based on the ITS sequences, a convenient PCR-RFLP assay was established for the identification of the medicinally used Salacia species as well as their derived health food products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Qundong Liu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Jingyu He
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Naomi Nakajima
- Uchida Wakanyaku Ltd., 4-3-3, Higashi Nippori, Arakawa-ku, Tokyo, 116-8571, Japan
| | - S P Samarakoon
- Department of Botany, University of Ruhuna, Matara, Sri Lanka
| | - Swe Swe
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Ministry of Health & Sports, 47 Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - Khin Zaw
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Ministry of Health & Sports, 47 Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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Komatsu K. [Current Status of Pharmaceutical Education for Self-medication and Quality Assurance: Based on Evaluation from the Questionnaire]. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2021; 141:793-805. [PMID: 34078784 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.20-00217-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The role of pharmaceutical education in primary health care for self-medication needs recognition. Hence, we conducted a survey on quality assurance of foods/pharmaceuticals at 75 pharmaceutical schools in Japan, as part of a project for the Subcommittee of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Science Council of Japan. The set of questions in the survey focused on two subjects, one set was related to the lectures on "foods with health claims" (I) and the other set was on quality assessment of pharmaceuticals (II). For each subject, we asked whether there were lectures on these subjects and whether all items were covered. We also asked for the title of lectures, major field of experts in charge, and class standing. We received a response from 60 schools. Thirty-two schools had lectures on subject I in which all seven items were covered. However, "regulatory sciences", "borderline of pharmaceuticals to non-pharmaceuticals", and "quality assurance of foods" were not explained in 22, 12, and 15 schools, respectively. Twenty-six schools had lectures on subject II in which all six items were covered. However, "definition of quality", "quality assurance", "classification of pharmaceuticals", and "Chemistry, Manufacturing and Control" were not explained in 12, 11, 12, and 29 schools, respectively. The high rate of insufficient explanation for some of the items in subject I and II may be due to the lack of description about them in the "Model Core Curriculum for Pharmacy Education". We conclude that including these items in the curriculum can have important implications for pharmaceutical education.
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24
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Sone M, Zhu S, Cheng X, Ketphanh S, Swe S, Tun TL, Kawano N, Kawahara N, Komatsu K. Genetic diversity of Amomum xanthioides and its related species from Southeast Asia and China. J Nat Med 2021; 75:798-812. [PMID: 34032989 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-021-01512-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Amomum Semen, the seed mass of Amomum xanthioides, has been imported from Southeast Asia and China and used for the treatment of gastric and intestinal disorders. A. xanthioides has been treated as a synonym of A. villosum var. xanthioides. Furthermore, A. villosum var. villosum, A. villosum var. xanthioides, or A. longiligulare have been described as the botanical origin of Amomi Fructus, which is a similar crude drug in Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Under these circumstances, the botanical origin of Amomum Semen was changed to A. villosum var. xanthioides, A. villosum var. villosum, or A. longiligulare in Supplement II to the 17th edition of the Japanese Pharmacopoeia. To develop an objective identification method for Amomum Semen and to confirm the phylogenetic relationship among Amomum taxa, the nucleotide sequences of the nuclear ribosomal DNA internal transcribed spacer region and chloroplast DNA partial matK-trnK and trnH-psbA intergenic spacer regions were determined in specimens collected from Southeast Asia and China, including those from the type localities of each taxon. Six taxa were divided into four groups. A. xanthioides from Myanmar belonging to group 1 was discriminated from A. villosum var. xanthioides from China of group 2. A. villosum and its varieties were divided into two groups: group 2 included those from China, and group 3 consisted of A. villosum from Laos. A. longiligulare from China and Laos and A. uliginosum from Laos belonged to group 3 and group 4, respectively. These findings illustrate the phylogenetic basis for the need for taxonomical reorganization among the Amomum species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikako Sone
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shu Zhu
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Hoilongtan, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Sounthone Ketphanh
- Forestry Research Center, National Agriculture and Forestry Research Institute, Vientiane, Lao PDR
| | - Swe Swe
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Ministry of Health and Sports, 47, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - Than Lwin Tun
- Department of Traditional Medicine, Ministry of Health and Sports, 47, Nay Pyi Taw, Myanmar
| | - Noriaki Kawano
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kawahara
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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25
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Bauer R, Tse JS, Komatsu K, Machida S, Hattori T. Slow compression of crystalline ice at low temperature. Nature 2020; 585:E9-E10. [PMID: 32939064 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-020-2697-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R Bauer
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada
| | - J S Tse
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Canada.
| | - K Komatsu
- Geochemical Research Center (GCRC), Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - S Machida
- Neutron Science and Technology Center, CROSS, Tokai, Japan
| | - T Hattori
- J-PARC Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, Naka-gun, Japan
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26
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Yu H, Toume K, Kurokawa Y, Andoh T, Komatsu K. Iridoids isolated from Viticis Fructus inhibit paclitaxel-induced mechanical allodynia in mice. J Nat Med 2020; 75:48-55. [PMID: 32816150 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-020-01441-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) manifests as mechanical allodynia and hyperalgesia, and is one of the main adverse effects of chemotherapeutic agents. Currently available therapeutic drugs are not sufficiently effective for the management of this adverse effect in the clinic. Therefore, the development of novel therapeutic agents for treating CIPN is necessary. Our previous study suggested the potential of aucubin and pedicularis-lactone (1) as active compounds responsible for the anti-allodynic property of Plantaginis Semen. However, the activity of purified 1 has not been evaluated due to its low content in Plantaginis Semen. In the present study, 1 was isolated from Viticis Fructus, as well as viteoid I (2) and viteoid II (3) during the process of isolation. The purities of isolated 1, 2, and 3 were determined as 67.15%, 92.12%, and 86.72%, respectively, by quantitative 1H-NMR, using DSS-d6 as an internal standard. Repeated daily oral administration of these three iridoids at a dose of 15 mg/kg significantly inhibited the PTX-induced mechanical allodynia in mice, suggesting the anti-allodynic activities of 1, 2, and 3. This study provides confirmatory evidence for the anti-allodynic activity of purified 1 and also reveals two additional active iridoids from Viticis Fructus. These three iridoids could be potential candidates for the treatment of CIPN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huanhuan Yu
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Yoko Kurokawa
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Tsugunobu Andoh
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.,Department of Pharmacology and Pathophysiology, College of Pharmacy, Kinjo Gakuin University, 2-1723 Omori, Moriyama-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 463-8521, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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27
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Batsukh Z, Toume K, Javzan B, Kazuma K, Cai SQ, Hayashi S, Atsumi T, Yoshitomi T, Uchiyama N, Maruyama T, Kawahara N, Komatsu K. Characterization of metabolites in Saposhnikovia divaricata root from Mongolia. J Nat Med 2020; 75:11-27. [PMID: 32740706 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-020-01430-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Saposhnikoviae Radix (SR), derived from the dried root and rhizome of Saposhnikovia divaricata, is a popular crude drug used in traditional Chinese and Japanese medicine. To evaluate the metabolites of S. divaricata roots from Mongolia and to investigate their geographical variation, we developed the HPLC method, determined the contents of 9 chromones and 4 coumarins, and conducted multivariate statistical analysis. All Mongolian specimens contained prim-O-glucosylcimifugin (1) and 4'-O-β-D-glucosyl-5-O-methylvisamminol (3), and their total amount (5.04-25.06 mg/g) exceeded the criterion assigned in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia. Moreover, the content of 1 (3.98-20.79 mg/g) was significantly higher in the Mongolian specimens than in Chinese SR samples. The specimens from Norovlin showed the highest contents of 1 and 3. The total levels of dihydropyranochromones were higher in the specimens from Bayan-Uul. The orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis revealed that the Mongolian specimens tended to be separated into three groups based on growing regions, in which several chromones contributed to each distribution. Furthermore, 1H NMR analysis revealed that Mongolian specimens had less amount of sucrose and a substantial amount of polyacetylenes. Thus, in this study, the chemical characteristics of Mongolian S. divaricata specimens were clarified and it was found that the specimens from the northeast part of Mongolia, including Norovlin, had the superior properties due to higher amounts of major chromones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zolboo Batsukh
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Batkhuu Javzan
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National University of Mongolia, P.O.B-617/46A, Ulaanbaatar, 14201, Mongolia
| | - Kohei Kazuma
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xue-yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Shigeki Hayashi
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Atsumi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University of Health and Welfare, 1714-1 Yoshinocho, Nobeoka, Miyazaki, 882-8508, Japan
| | - Taichi Yoshitomi
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Nahoko Uchiyama
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Takuro Maruyama
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kawahara
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630, Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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28
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Wang Z, Okutsu K, Futagami T, Yoshizaki Y, Tamaki H, Maruyama T, Toume K, Komatsu K, Hashimoto F, Takamine K. Microbial Community Structure and Chemical Constituents in Shinkiku, a Fermented Crude Drug Used in Kampo Medicine. Front Nutr 2020; 7:115. [PMID: 32850936 PMCID: PMC7416650 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2020.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Shinkiku (Massa Medicata Fermentata) is a traditional crude drug used to treat anorexia and dyspepsia of elder patients in east Asia. Shinkiku is generally prepared by the microbial fermentation of wheat and herbs. Shinkiku is also used in Japanese Kampo medicine as a component of (Hangebyakujutsutemmato). However, the quality of shinkiku varies by manufacture because there are no reference standards to control the quality of medicinal shinkiku. Thus, we aim to characterize the quality of various commercially available shinkiku by chemical and microbial analysis. We collected 13 shinkiku products manufactured in China and Korea and investigated the microbial structure and chemical constituents. Amplicon sequence analysis revealed that Aspergillus sp. was common microorganism in shinkiku products. Digestive enzymes (α-amylase, protease, and lipase), organic acids (ferulic acid, citric acid, lactic acid, and acetic acid), and 39 volatile compounds were commonly found in shinkiku products. Although there were some commonalities in shinkiku products, microbial and chemical characteristic considerably differed as per the manufacturer. Aspergillus sp. was predominant in Korean products, and Korean products showed higher enzyme activities than Chinese products. Meanwhile, Bacillus sp. was commonly detected in Chinese shinkiku, and ferulic acid was higher in Chinese products. Principal component analysis based on the GC-MS peak area of the volatiles also clearly distinguished shinkiku products manufactured in China from those in Korea. Chinese products contained higher amounts of benzaldehyde and anethole than Korean ones. Korean products were further separated into two groups: one with relatively higher linalool and terpinen-4-ol and another with higher hexanoic acid and 1-octen-3-ol. Thus, our study revealed the commonality and diversity of commercial shinkiku products, in which the commonalities can possibly be the reference standard for quality control of shinkiku, and the diversity suggested the importance of microbial management to stabilize the quality of shinkiku.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zitai Wang
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kayu Okutsu
- Faculty of Agriculture, Education and Research Center for Fermentation Studies, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Taiki Futagami
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Education and Research Center for Fermentation Studies, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Yumiko Yoshizaki
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Education and Research Center for Fermentation Studies, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Hisanori Tamaki
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Education and Research Center for Fermentation Studies, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Takuro Maruyama
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, Kawasaki, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Fumio Hashimoto
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Department of Horticultural Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
| | - Kazunori Takamine
- The United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
- Faculty of Agriculture, Education and Research Center for Fermentation Studies, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan
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29
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Nakamura K, Zhu S, Komatsu K, Hattori M, Iwashima M. Deglycosylation of the Isoflavone C-Glucoside Puerarin by a Combination of Two Recombinant Bacterial Enzymes and 3-Oxo-Glucose. Appl Environ Microbiol 2020; 86:e00607-20. [PMID: 32385077 PMCID: PMC7357486 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00607-20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
A human intestinal bacterium strain related to Dorea species, PUE, can metabolize the isoflavone C-glucoside puerarin (daidzein 8-C-glucoside) to daidzein and glucose. We reported previously that 3″-oxo-puerarin is an essential reaction intermediate in enzymatic puerarin degradation, and we characterized a bacterial enzyme, the DgpB-DgpC complex, that cleaved the C-glycosidic bond in 3″-oxo-puerarin. However, the exact enzyme catalyzing the oxidation of the C-3″ hydroxyl in puerarin has not been identified. In this study, we demonstrated that recombinant DgpA, a Gfo/Idh/MocA family oxidoreductase, catalyzed puerarin oxidation in the presence of 3-oxo-glucose as the hydride acceptor. In the redox reaction, NAD(H) functioned as the cofactor, which bound tightly but noncovalently to DgpA. Kinetics analysis of DgpA revealed that the reaction proceeded via a ping-pong mechanism. Enzymatic C-deglycosylation of puerarin was achieved by a combination of recombinant DgpA, the DgpB-DgpC complex, and 3-oxo-glucose. In addition, the metabolite derived from the sugar moiety in the 3″-oxo-puerarin-cleaving reaction catalyzed by the DgpB-DgpC complex was characterized as 1,5-anhydro-d-erythro-hex-1-en-3-ulose, suggesting that the C-glycosidic linkage is cleaved through a β-elimination-like mechanism.IMPORTANCE One important role of the gut microbiota is to metabolize dietary nutrients and supplements such as flavonoid glycosides. Ingested glycosides are metabolized by intestinal bacteria to more-absorbable aglycones and further degradation products that show beneficial effects in humans. Although numerous glycoside hydrolases that catalyze O-deglycosylation have been reported, enzymes responsible for C-deglycosylation are still limited. In this study, we characterized enzymes involved in the C-deglycosylation of puerarin from a human intestinal bacterium, PUE. Here, we report the purification and characterization of a recombinant oxidoreductase involved in C-glucoside degradation. This study provides new insights for the elucidation of mechanisms of enzymatic C-deglycosylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Nakamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie, Japan
| | - Shu Zhu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Masao Hattori
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Makoto Iwashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science, Suzuka, Mie, Japan
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Teklemichael AA, Mizukami S, Toume K, Mosaddeque F, Kamel MG, Kaneko O, Komatsu K, Karbwang J, Huy NT, Hirayama K. Anti-malarial activity of traditional Kampo medicine Coptis rhizome extract and its major active compounds. Malar J 2020; 19:204. [PMID: 32513250 PMCID: PMC7282140 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-020-03273-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Herbal medicine has been a rich source of new drugs exemplified by quinine and artemisinin. In this study, a variety of Japanese traditional herbal medicine (‘Kampo’) were examined for their potential anti-malarial activities. Methods A comprehensive screening methods were designed to identify novel anti-malarial drugs from a library of Kampo herbal extracts (n = 120) and related compounds (n = 96). The anti-malarial activity was initially evaluated in vitro against chloroquine/mefloquine-sensitive (3D7) and-resistant (Dd2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. The cytotoxicity was also evaluated using primary adult mouse brain cells. After being selected through the first in vitro assay, positive extracts and compounds were examined for possible in vivo anti-malarial activity. Results Out of 120 herbal extracts, Coptis rhizome showed the highest anti-malarial activity (IC50 1.9 µg/mL of 3D7 and 4.85 µg/mL of Dd2) with a high selectivity index (SI) > 263 (3D7) and > 103 (Dd2). Three major chlorinated compounds (coptisine, berberine, and palmatine) related to Coptis rhizome also showed anti-malarial activities with IC50 1.1, 2.6, and 6.0 µM (against 3D7) and 3.1, 6.3, and 11.8 µM (against Dd2), respectively. Among them, coptisine chloride exhibited the highest anti-malarial activity (IC50 1.1 µM against 3D7 and 3.1 µM against Dd2) with SI of 37.8 and 13.2, respectively. Finally, the herbal extract of Coptis rhizome and its major active compound coptisine chloride exhibited significant anti-malarial activity in mice infected with Plasmodium yoelii 17X strain with respect to its activity on parasite suppression consistently from day 3 to day 7 post-challenge. The effect ranged from 50.38 to 72.13% (P < 0.05) for Coptis rhizome and from 81 to 89% (P < 0.01) for coptisine chloride. Conclusion Coptis rhizome and its major active compound coptisine chloride showed promising anti-malarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and -resistant (Dd2) strains in vitro as well as in vivo mouse malaria model. Thus, Kampo herbal medicine is a potential natural resource for novel anti-malarial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awet Alem Teklemichael
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Shusaku Mizukami
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Department of Clinical Product Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Farhana Mosaddeque
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | | | - Osamu Kaneko
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Juntra Karbwang
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Department of Clinical Product Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam
| | - Kenji Hirayama
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan. .,Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan. .,School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
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Toume K, Hou Z, Yu H, Kato M, Maesaka M, Bai Y, Hanazawa S, Ge Y, Andoh T, Komatsu K. Correction to: Search of anti-allodynic compounds from Plantaginis Semen, a crude drug ingredient of Kampo formula “Goshajinkigan”. J Nat Med 2020; 74:615. [PMID: 32274686 PMCID: PMC7253373 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-020-01404-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kazufumi Toume
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Zhiyan Hou
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Huanhuan Yu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kato
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Miki Maesaka
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yanjing Bai
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shiho Hanazawa
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yuewei Ge
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Tsugunobu Andoh
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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Batsukh Z, Toume K, Javzan B, Kazuma K, Cai SQ, Hayashi S, Kawahara N, Maruyama T, Komatsu K. Metabolomic profiling of Saposhnikoviae Radix from Mongolia by LC-IT-TOF-MS/MS and multivariate statistical analysis. J Nat Med 2019; 74:170-188. [PMID: 31578667 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-019-01361-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Saposhnikoviae Radix (SR) is a commonly used crude drug that is obtained from the root and rhizome of Saposhnikovia divaricata which is distributed throughout China, Korea, Mongolia, and Russia. To evaluate the quality of Mongolian S. divaricata, metabolomic profiling of 43 plant specimens from different regions of Mongolia, as well as 8 SR samples and 2 plant specimens from China, were conducted by liquid chromatography-ion-trap-time-of-flight-mass spectrometer (LC-IT-TOF-MS). LC-MS profiles of the specimens showed uniformity and 30 compounds were tentatively identified, including 13 chromones and 17 coumarins. Among them, 16 compounds were isolated and unambiguously verified by comparing them with the spectroscopic data of standard compounds. Orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) based on LC-MS data from 7 Mongolian specimens and 8 Chinese SR samples as well as 2 plant specimens revealed that these 2 groups were clearly distinguishable and that Mongolian specimens were characterized by an abundance of prim-O-glucosylcimifugin (1). Moreover, the OPLS-DA of the Mongolian specimens showed that they can be discriminated by their growing regions based on the content of 8 chromones. The total content of dihydrofurochromones 1-3 was relatively higher in the specimens from Khalkhgol in the far eastern part of Mongolia, while contents of 10, 11, 15, and 16 were higher in those from Holonbuir in the eastern part. Based on this research, the roots of S. divaricata from Mongolia have potential as a new resource of SR in Kampo medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zolboo Batsukh
- Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Batkhuu Javzan
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar-46, Mongolia
| | - Kohei Kazuma
- Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shao-Qing Cai
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Peking University, 38 Xue-yuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100191, People's Republic of China
| | - Shigeki Hayashi
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kawahara
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Takuro Maruyama
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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Toume K, Hou Z, Yu H, Kato M, Maesaka M, Bai Y, Hanazawa S, Ge Y, Andoh T, Komatsu K. Search of anti-allodynic compounds from Plantaginis Semen, a crude drug ingredient of Kampo formula "Goshajinkigan". J Nat Med 2019; 73:761-768. [PMID: 31190267 PMCID: PMC7176603 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-019-01327-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the dose-limiting side effects of cancer chemotherapy. Although the control of CIPN is important, it is difficult to manage with currently available therapeutic drugs. Therefore, there is a need for novel therapeutic agents for treating CIPN. Goshajinkigan (GJG) is a Kampo formula composed of ten crude drugs. While GJG has been used for the treatment of CIPN, the active constituents of GJG and their underlying mechanisms of pharmacological effects are still unknown. Our previous study revealed that repetitive oral administration of the water extract of Plantaginis Semen, a crude drug ingredient of GJG, inhibited the mechanical allodynia induced by an intraperitoneal injection of paclitaxel in mice. To elucidate the active compounds of Plantaginis Semen, activity-guided separation of the water extract of Plantaginis Semen was performed. From the active fraction, four iridoids (1-4) were identified. Repetitive oral administration of aucubin (1) at 100 or 30 mg/kg and 100 mg/kg of the fraction crude 3 [primarily comprised of pedicularis-lactone (3)], showed anti-allodynic activity, suggesting 1 and 3 could be some of the active compounds responsible for the anti-allodynic property of Plantaginis Semen and GJG. Our study establishes that oral administration of 1 has potent anti-allodynic effect in addition to the activity of intraperitoneally administered 1 reported previously. Identification of active anti-allodynic compounds found in Kampo formulations will support the development of novel therapies for the management of CIPN in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazufumi Toume
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Zhiyan Hou
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Huanhuan Yu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Mitsuru Kato
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Miki Maesaka
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yanjing Bai
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Shiho Hanazawa
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yuewei Ge
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Tsugunobu Andoh
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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Fukuchi M, Okuno Y, Nakayama H, Nakano A, Mori H, Mitazaki S, Nakano Y, Toume K, Jo M, Takasaki I, Watanabe K, Shibahara N, Komatsu K, Tabuchi A, Tsuda M. Screening inducers of neuronal BDNF gene transcription using primary cortical cell cultures from BDNF-luciferase transgenic mice. Sci Rep 2019; 9:11833. [PMID: 31413298 PMCID: PMC6694194 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-48361-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/01/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) is a key player in synaptic plasticity, and consequently, learning and memory. Because of its fundamental role in numerous neurological functions in the central nervous system, BDNF has utility as a biomarker and drug target for neurodegenerative and neuropsychiatric disorders. Here, we generated a screening assay to mine inducers of Bdnf transcription in neuronal cells, using primary cultures of cortical cells prepared from a transgenic mouse strain, specifically, Bdnf-Luciferase transgenic (Bdnf-Luc) mice. We identified several active extracts from a library consisting of 120 herbal extracts. In particular, we focused on an active extract prepared from Ginseng Radix (GIN), and found that GIN activated endogenous Bdnf expression via cAMP-response element-binding protein-dependent transcription. Taken together, our current screening assay can be used for validating herbal extracts, food-derived agents, and chemical compounds for their ability to induce Bdnf expression in neurons. This method will be beneficial for screening of candidate drugs for ameliorating symptoms of neurological diseases associated with reduced Bdnf expression in the brain, as well as candidate inhibitors of aging-related cognitive decline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mamoru Fukuchi
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma, 370-0033, Japan.
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama-shi, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Yui Okuno
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama-shi, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hironori Nakayama
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama-shi, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Aoi Nakano
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama-shi, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hisashi Mori
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama-shi, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Satoru Mitazaki
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma, 370-0033, Japan
- Laboratory of Forensic Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma, 370-0033, Japan
| | - Yuka Nakano
- Laboratory of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma, 370-0033, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama-shi, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Michiko Jo
- Division of Kampo Diagnostics, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama-shi, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Ichiro Takasaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama-shi, Toyama, 930-8555, Japan
| | - Kazuki Watanabe
- Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Faculty of Pharmacy, Takasaki University of Health and Welfare, 60 Nakaorui-machi, Takasaki-shi, Gunma, 370-0033, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Shibahara
- Division of Kampo Diagnostics, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama-shi, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama-shi, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Akiko Tabuchi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama-shi, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Masaaki Tsuda
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama-shi, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
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Yoshitomi T, Wakana D, Uchiyama N, Tsujimoto T, Kawano N, Yokokura T, Yamamoto Y, Fuchino H, Hakamatsuka T, Komatsu K, Kawahara N, Maruyama T. 1H NMR-based metabolomic analysis coupled with reversed-phase solid-phase extraction for sample preparation of Saposhnikovia roots and related crude drugs. J Nat Med 2019; 74:65-75. [PMID: 31342251 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-019-01343-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
1H NMR-based metabolomics has been applied in research on food, herbal medicine, and natural products. Although excellent results were reported, samples were directly extracted with a deuterated solvent (e.g., methanol-d4 or D2O) in most reports. As primary metabolites account for most of the results, data for secondary metabolites are partially reflected. Consequently, secondary metabolites tend to be excluded from factor loading analysis, serving as a significant unfavorable feature of 1H NMR-based metabolomics when investigating biologically active or functional components in natural products and health foods. Reversed-phase solid-phase extraction column (RP-SPEC) was applied for sample preparation in 1H NMR-based metabolomics to overcome this feature. The methanol extract from Saposhnikoviae radix (SR), an important crude drug, was fractionated with RP-SPEC into 5% methanol-eluting fractions, and the remaining fraction was collected. Each fraction was subjected to 1H NMR-based metabolomics and compared to results from conventional 1H NMR-based metabolomics. Based on principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares projections to latent structures discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), the 5% methanol fraction and conventional method reflected the amount of saccharides such as sucrose on the PC1/PLS1 axes, and wild and cultivated samples were discriminated along those axes. The remaining fraction clearly distinguished SR from Peucedanum ledebourielloides root. The compounds responsible for this discrimination were deemed falcarindiol derivatives and other unidentified secondary metabolites from the s-plot on PLS-DA. The secondary metabolites from original plants were, therefore, presumed to be concentrated in the remaining fraction by RP-SPEC treatment and strongly reflected the species differences. The developed series is considered effective to perform quality evaluation of crude drugs and natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taichi Yoshitomi
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Daigo Wakana
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hoshi University, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, 142-8501, Japan
| | - Nahoko Uchiyama
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Takashi Tsujimoto
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Noriaki Kawano
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Tsuguo Yokokura
- Nippon Funmatsu Yakuhin Co., Ltd, 71-3 Izumicho, Yao, Osaka, 581-0813, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamamoto
- Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd, Oniya Kaibara-cho, Tamba, Hyōgo, 669-3315, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fuchino
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Takashi Hakamatsuka
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kawahara
- National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Takuro Maruyama
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.
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Nakamura K, Zhu S, Komatsu K, Hattori M, Iwashima M. Expression and Characterization of the Human Intestinal Bacterial Enzyme Which Cleaves the C-Glycosidic Bond in 3″-Oxo-puerarin. Biol Pharm Bull 2019; 42:417-423. [DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b18-00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kenichi Nakamura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science
| | - Shu Zhu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama
| | | | | | - Makoto Iwashima
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Suzuka University of Medical Science
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He H, Li X, Yu H, Zhu S, He Y, Komatsu K, Guo D, Li X, Wang J, Luo H, Xu D, Zou K. Gastroprotective effect of araloside A on ethanol- and aspirin-induced gastric ulcer in mice: involvement of H +/K +-ATPase and mitochondrial-mediated signaling pathway. J Nat Med 2018; 73:339-352. [PMID: 30523551 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-018-1256-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Accepted: 10/12/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to elucidate the gastroprotective activity and possible mechanism of involvement of araloside A (ARA) against ethanol- and aspirin-induced gastric ulcer in mice. The experimental mice were randomly divided into control, model, omeprazole (20 mg/kg, orally) and ARA (10, 20 and 40 mg/kg, orally). Gastric ulcer in mice was induced by intragastric administration of 80% ethanol (10 mL/kg) containing 15 mg/mL aspirin 4 h after drug administration on day 7. The results indicated that ARA could significantly raise gastric juice volume and acidity; ameliorate gastric mucosal blood flow, gastric binding mucus volume, ulcer index and ulcer inhibition rate; suppress H+/K+-ATPase activity, which was confirmed by computer-aided docking simulations; inhibit the release of mitochondrial cytochrome c into the cytoplasm; inhibit caspase-9 and caspase-3 activities and down-regulate mRNA expression levels; down-regulate the mRNA and protein expressions of apoptosis protease-activating factor-1 and protein expression of cleaved poly(ADP ribose) polymerase-1; and up-regulate Bcl-2 mRNA and protein expressions and down-regulate Bax mRNA and protein expressions, thus elevating the Bcl-2/Bax ratio in a dose-dependent manner. Histopathological observations further provided supportive evidence for the aforementioned results. The results demonstrated that ARA exerted beneficial gastroprotective effects on alcohol- and aspirin-induced gastric ulcer in mice, which was related to suppressing H+/K+-ATPase activity as well as pro-apoptotic protein expression, and promoting anti-apoptotic protein expression, thus alleviating gastric mucosal injury and cell death.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 8 University Avenue, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Xiaomei Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 8 University Avenue, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Haili Yu
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 8 University Avenue, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Shu Zhu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yumin He
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 8 University Avenue, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Dongyan Guo
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine Foundation and New Drug Research, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shiji Road, Xianyang, 712046, China.
| | - Xiaoqin Li
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 8 University Avenue, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Junzhi Wang
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 8 University Avenue, Yichang, 443002, China.
| | - Huajun Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 8 University Avenue, Yichang, 443002, China
| | - Daoxiang Xu
- Seventh People's Hospital of Wenzhou, 552 Shanxi East Road, Wenzhou, 325005, China
| | - Kun Zou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Natural Products Research and Development, College of Biological and Pharmaceutical Sciences, China Three Gorges University, 8 University Avenue, Yichang, 443002, China
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Hara Y, Arai MA, Toume K, Masu H, Sato T, Komatsu K, Yaguchi T, Ishibashi M. Coculture of a Pathogenic Actinomycete and Animal Cells To Produce Nocarjamide, a Cyclic Nonapeptide with Wnt Signal-Activating Effect. Org Lett 2018; 20:5831-5834. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b02522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yasumasa Hara
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Midori A. Arai
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hyuma Masu
- Center for Analytical Instrumentation, Chiba University, 1-33 Yayoi-cho,
Inage-ku, Chiba 263-8522, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Sato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takashi Yaguchi
- Medical Mycology Research Center, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana,
Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8673, Japan
| | - Masami Ishibashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-ku, Chiba 260-8675, Japan
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Russell K, Herrick K, Venkat H, Brady S, Komatsu K, Goodin K, Berisha V, Sunenshine R, Perez-Velez C, Elliott S, Olsen SJ, Reed C. Utility of state-level influenza disease burden and severity estimates to investigate an apparent increase in reported severe cases of influenza A(H1N1) pdm09 - Arizona, 2015-2016. Epidemiol Infect 2018; 146:1359-1365. [PMID: 29898797 PMCID: PMC9133685 DOI: 10.1017/s0950268818001516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/16/2018] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The Arizona Department of Health Services identified unusually high levels of influenza activity and severe complications during the 2015-2016 influenza season leading to concerns about potential increased disease severity compared with prior seasons. We estimated state-level burden and severity to compare across three seasons using multiple data sources for community-level illness, hospitalisation and death. Severity ratios were calculated as the number of hospitalisations or deaths per community case. Community influenza-like illness rates, hospitalisation rates and mortality rates in 2015-2016 were higher than the previous two seasons. However, ratios of severe disease to community illness were similar. Arizona experienced overall increased disease burden in 2015-2016, but not increased severity compared with prior seasons. Timely estimates of state-specific burden and severity are potentially feasible and may provide important information during seemingly unusual influenza seasons or pandemic situations.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Russell
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - K. Herrick
- Arizona Department of Health Services, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - H. Venkat
- Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA
- Arizona Department of Health Services, Phoenix, AZ, USA
- Maricopa County Department of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - S. Brady
- Arizona Department of Health Services, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - K. Komatsu
- Arizona Department of Health Services, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - K. Goodin
- Maricopa County Department of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - V. Berisha
- Maricopa County Department of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - R. Sunenshine
- Maricopa County Department of Health, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - C. Perez-Velez
- Pima County Health Department, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - S. Elliott
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
- Banner University Medicine, Tucson, AZ, USA
| | - S. J. Olsen
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
| | - C. Reed
- Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Ishii Y, Komatsu K, Nakano S, Machida S, Hattori T, Sano-Furukawa A, Kagi H. Pressure-induced stacking disorder in boehmite. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:16650-16656. [PMID: 29873355 DOI: 10.1039/c8cp02565g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The structure of an aluminum layered hydroxide, boehmite (γ-AlOOH), as a function of pressure was studied by using in situ synchrotron X-ray and neutron diffraction. Peak broadening, which is only found for hkl (h ≠ 0) peaks in the X-ray diffraction patterns, is explained by stacking disorder accompanying a continuously increasing displacement of the AlO6 octahedral layer along the a-axis. This finding could be the first experimental result for pressure-induced stacking disorder driven by continuous layer displacement. The magnitude of the layer displacement was estimated from the X-ray scattering profile calculation based on the stacking disordered structure model. Hydrogen bond geometries of boehmite, obtained by structure refinements of the observed neutron diffraction patterns for the deuterated sample up to 10 GPa, show linearly approaching O-D covalent and DO hydrogen bond distances and they merge below 26 GPa. Pressure-induced stacking disorder makes the electrostatic potential of hydrogen bonds asymmetric, yielding less chance for proton-tunnelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y Ishii
- Geochemical Research Center, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
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Yamada Y, Ishino H, Kibayashi A, Kida Y, Hidehira N, Komatsu K, Hazumi M, Sato N, Sakai K, Yamamori H, Hirayama F, Kohjiro S. Frequency-Domain Multiplexing Readout with a Self-Trigger System for Pulse Signals from Kinetic Inductance Detectors. J Low Temp Phys 2018; 193:518-524. [PMID: 30839748 PMCID: PMC6190614 DOI: 10.1007/s10909-018-1911-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We present the development of a frequency-domain multiplexing readout of kinetic inductance detectors (KIDs) for pulse signals with a self-trigger system. The KIDs consist of an array of superconducting resonators that have different resonant frequencies individually, allowing us to read out multiple channels in the frequency domain with a single wire using a microwave-frequency comb. The energy deposited to the resonators break Cooper pairs, changing the kinetic inductance and, hence, the amplitude and the phase of the probing microwaves. For some applications such as X-ray detections, the deposited energy is detected as a pulse signal shaped by the time constants of the quasiparticle lifetime, the resonator quality factor, and the ballistic phonon lifetime in the substrate, ranging from microseconds to milliseconds. A readout system commonly used converts the frequency-domain data to the time-domain data. For the short pulse signals, the data rate may exceed the data transfer bandwidth, as the short time constant pulses require us to have a high sampling rate. In order to overcome this circumstance, we have developed a KID readout system that contains a self-trigger system to extract relevant signal data and reduces the total data rate with a commercial off-the-shelf FPGA board. We have demonstrated that the system can read out pulse signals of 15 resonators simultaneously with about 10 Hz event rate by irradiating α particles from 241 Am to the silicon substrate on whose surface aluminum KID resonators are formed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y. Yamada
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama Japan
| | - H. Ishino
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama Japan
| | - A. Kibayashi
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama Japan
| | - Y. Kida
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama Japan
| | - N. Hidehira
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama Japan
| | - K. Komatsu
- Department of Physics, Okayama University, 3-1-1 Tsushimanaka, Kita-ku, Okayama Japan
| | - M. Hazumi
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan
| | - N. Sato
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, 1-1 Oho, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801 Japan
| | - K. Sakai
- NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA
- CRESST II - University of Maryland, Baltimore County, MD 21250 USA
| | - H. Yamamori
- AIST, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8560 Japan
| | - F. Hirayama
- AIST, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8560 Japan
| | - S. Kohjiro
- AIST, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology, 1-1-1 Umezono, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8560 Japan
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Zhu S, Shirakawa A, Shi Y, Yu X, Tamura T, Shibahara N, Yoshimatsu K, Komatsu K. Impact of different post-harvest processing methods on the chemical compositions of peony root. J Nat Med 2018; 72:757-767. [PMID: 29654516 PMCID: PMC6611895 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-018-1214-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The impact of key processing steps such as boiling, peeling, drying and storing on chemical compositions and morphologic features of the produced peony root was investigated in detail by applying 15 processing methods to fresh roots of Paeonia lactiflora and then monitoring contents of eight main components, as well as internal root color. The results showed that low temperature (4 °C) storage of fresh roots for approximately 1 month after harvest resulted in slightly increased and stable content of paeoniflorin, which might be due to suppression of enzymatic degradation. This storage also prevented roots from discoloring, facilitating production of favorable bright color roots. Boiling process triggered decomposition of polygalloylglucoses, thereby leading to a significant increase in contents of pentagalloylglucose and gallic acid. Peeling process resulted in a decrease of albiflorin and catechin contents. As a result, an optimized and practicable processing method ensuring high contents of the main active components in the produced root was developed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Zhu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Aimi Shirakawa
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Yanhong Shi
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Xiaoli Yu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Takayuki Tamura
- Medicinal Plants Center, Toyama Prefectural Institute for Pharmaceutical Research, Kamiichi-Machi, Nakaniikawa-Gun, Toyama, 930-0412, Japan
| | - Naotoshi Shibahara
- Division of Kampo Diagnostics, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Kayo Yoshimatsu
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan.
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Tozuka K, Nagai SE, Kubo K, Komatsu K, Takai K, Inoue K, Matsumoto H, Hayashi Y, Tsuboi M, Yamada Y, Wang X, Suganuma M. Abstract P2-01-08: Enumeration of heterogeneous circulating tumor cells (CTCs) using size-based method in early, and metastatic, breast cancer patients. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p2-01-08] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The detection of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in peripheral blood is an independent predictor of the efficacy of systemic therapy, and also a prognostic marker for patients with metastatic breast cancer. One of the main methods to detect CTCs is CellSearch system, which uses immune-magnetic separation followed by immunocytochemistry. A microdevice (CTChip from ClearCell system) can capture and enumerate CTCs based on distinctive physiological differences (size and deformability) between cancer cells and blood cells. CTChip thus obtains a larger CTC yield than affinity-based separation, which enriches a particular subgroup of cells expressing EpCAM. In this study, we enumerate CTCs in peripheral blood from early and metastatic breast cancer patients using a size-based method.
Patients and methods
We examined blood samples from a total of 18 early and metastatic breast cancer patients, after obtaining written informed consent. Blood samples were taken in sodium EDTA tubes after discarding the first 1ml of blood from the syringe. Two ml blood samples were applied to CTChip (ClearCell system), and CTCs were eventually trapped in the microwells of the CTChip. Trapped cells were analyzed by immunocytochemistry with monoclonal antibodies specific for leukocytes (CD45) and epithelial cells (CK8/18), along with 4',6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) for nuclei: CK8/18-positive, DAPI-positive and CD45-negative cells more than 10 μm in diameter were defined as CTCs. Eight patients were examined using both the CTChip and CellSearch system to compare the yield of CTCs.
Results
Of 18 patients, 6 were de novo stage IV, 6 were recurrent and 6 were early stage breast cancer patients. Of primary tumors, 8 were HER2- and ER and/or PR +, 6 were HER2-and ER- and PR-, 3 were HER2+ and ER and/or PR +, and one was HER2+ and ER- and PR-. Using CTChip, detected CTCs ranged from 3 - 107 cells/2 ml in all cases: 3 - 83 for early stage, 19 - 156 for stage IV and 21 - 146 for recurrent. The number of CTCs found in recurrent patients tended to be higher than in early stage patients. Size-based method using CTChip clearly showed high sensitivity compared with the CellSearch system, which detected CTCs in only 2 cases out of 8. In analysis by immunochemistry, we found CK-negative, CD45-negative and DAPI positive cells with larger diameter (>16 μm) than CK-positive CTCs in most patients, and the numbers were higher in stage IV (8.5 cells of median value) and recurrent (13 cells) patients than in early stage patients (1.5 cells). Our study suggested that CK-negative large cells might be CTCs with epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT).
Conclusion
This size-based technology enables us to capture CTCs regardless of EpCAM expression. Enumerated CTCs varied in size and positivity of CK8/18, suggesting the heterogeneity of CTCs. Further research, especially focusing on EMT will be crucial to understand the key mechanism of metastasis and drug resistance.
Citation Format: Tozuka K, Nagai SE, Kubo K, Komatsu K, Takai K, Inoue K, Matsumoto H, Hayashi Y, Tsuboi M, Yamada Y, Wang X, Suganuma M. Enumeration of heterogeneous circulating tumor cells (CTCs) using size-based method in early, and metastatic, breast cancer patients [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P2-01-08.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Tozuka
- Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, Kita-adachi-gun, Saitama-ken, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineerring, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama-ken, Japan
| | - SE Nagai
- Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, Kita-adachi-gun, Saitama-ken, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineerring, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama-ken, Japan
| | - K Kubo
- Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, Kita-adachi-gun, Saitama-ken, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineerring, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama-ken, Japan
| | - K Komatsu
- Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, Kita-adachi-gun, Saitama-ken, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineerring, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama-ken, Japan
| | - K Takai
- Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, Kita-adachi-gun, Saitama-ken, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineerring, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama-ken, Japan
| | - K Inoue
- Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, Kita-adachi-gun, Saitama-ken, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineerring, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama-ken, Japan
| | - H Matsumoto
- Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, Kita-adachi-gun, Saitama-ken, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineerring, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama-ken, Japan
| | - Y Hayashi
- Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, Kita-adachi-gun, Saitama-ken, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineerring, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama-ken, Japan
| | - M Tsuboi
- Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, Kita-adachi-gun, Saitama-ken, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineerring, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama-ken, Japan
| | - Y Yamada
- Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, Kita-adachi-gun, Saitama-ken, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineerring, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama-ken, Japan
| | - X Wang
- Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, Kita-adachi-gun, Saitama-ken, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineerring, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama-ken, Japan
| | - M Suganuma
- Saitama Cancer Center, Ina, Kita-adachi-gun, Saitama-ken, Japan; Graduate School of Science and Engineerring, Saitama University, Saitama, Saitama-ken, Japan
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Shimada-Takaura K, Nakamura Y, Kawase M, Komatsu K, Takahashi K. Quality Characterization of Japanese Medicinal Paeoniae Radix by Metallomic Analysis. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2018; 66:353-357. [DOI: 10.1248/cpb.c17-00729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Yuto Nakamura
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
| | | | | | - Kyoko Takahashi
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Osaka University
- Museum of Osaka University
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Maruyama T, Ezaki M, Shiba M, Yamaji H, Yoshitomi T, Kawano N, Zhu S, Cheng X, Yokokura T, Yamamoto Y, Fuchino H, Sun H, Komatsu K, Kawahara N. Botanical origin and chemical constituents of commercial Saposhnikoviae radix and its related crude drugs available in Shaanxi and the surrounding regions. J Nat Med 2017; 72:267-273. [PMID: 29149424 DOI: 10.1007/s11418-017-1149-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/29/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Saposhnikoviae radix (SR) is described in the Japanese Pharmacopoeia as a crude drug derived from the root of Saposhnikovia divaricata Schischkin (Umbelliferae). According to Flora of China, the root of Peucedanum ledebourielloides K. F. Fu is used as a regional substitute for SR. Therefore, we surveyed the botanical origin of the drug used in China, especially Shaanxi and the surrounding regions, through nucleotide sequence analysis of the internal transcribed spacer region of rDNA. As a result, several samples from Shaanxi () and Shanxi () provinces were identified as Peucedanum ledebourielloides. To prevent this substitute from being distributed as genuine SR, we developed a thin-layer chromatography analysis condition to enable a specific compound of this species to be easily detected. The specific compound was identified as xanthalin, based on 1D- and 2D-NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry data. The established TLC conditions were as follows-extraction solvent, n-hexane; applied volume, 5 µL; chromatographic support, silica gel; developing solvent, n-hexane:ethyl acetate:acetic acid (20:10:1); developing length, 7 cm; detection, UV (365 nm); R f value, 0.4 (blue fluorescence; xanthalin).
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuro Maruyama
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan.
| | - Masami Ezaki
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Mao Shiba
- Botanical Raw Materials Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Ibaraki, 300-1192, Japan
| | - Hiroki Yamaji
- Botanical Raw Materials Research Laboratories, Tsumura & Co., 3586 Yoshiwara, Ami-machi, Ibaraki, 300-1192, Japan
| | - Taichi Yoshitomi
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Phytochemistry and Narcotics, National Institute of Health Sciences, 3-25-26 Tonomachi, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 210-9501, Japan
| | - Noriaki Kawano
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Shu Zhu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Xiao Cheng
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Hoilongtan, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Tsuguo Yokokura
- Nippon Funmatsu Yakuhin Co., Ltd., 2-5-11 Doshomachi, Chuo-ku, Osaka, 541-0045, Japan
| | - Yutaka Yamamoto
- Tochimoto Tenkaido Co., Ltd., Oniya, Kaibara, Tamba, Hyogo, 669-3315, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Fuchino
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
| | - Hang Sun
- Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Science, Hoilongtan, Kunming, 650201, Yunnan, China
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Division of Pharmacognosy, Department of Medicinal Resources, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kawahara
- Research Center for Medicinal Plant Resources, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, 1-2 Hachimandai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-0843, Japan
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46
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Booth N, Davidson G, Imperia P, Lee S, Stuart B, Thomas P, Komatsu K, Yamane R, Prescott S, Maynard-Casely H, Nelson A, Rule K. Three impossible things before lunch – the task of a sample environment specialist. JNR 2017. [DOI: 10.3233/jnr-170041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Booth
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, Australia
| | - G. Davidson
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, Australia
| | - P. Imperia
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, Australia
| | - S. Lee
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, Australia
| | - B. Stuart
- University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - P. Thomas
- University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, Australia
| | - K. Komatsu
- Geochemical Research Center, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - R. Yamane
- Geochemical Research Center, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Japan
| | - S.W. Prescott
- School of Chemical Engineering, UNSW Australia, UNSW Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - H.E. Maynard-Casely
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, Australia
| | - A. Nelson
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, Australia
| | - K.C. Rule
- Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Lucas Heights, Australia
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47
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Komatsu K, Matsumoto S. C8 nerve root schwannoma presenting as sudden-onset painful neuropathy: Utility of stir images. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.3549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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48
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Mezaki N, Miura T, Ogaki K, Eriguchi M, Mizuno Y, Komatsu K, Yamazaki H, Ono N, Kawajiri S, Yamasaki R, Nozaki H, Kasuga K, Okuma Y, Kira J, Hara H, Onodera O, Ikeuchi T. LMNB1-related adult-onset autosomal dominant leukodystrophy: Genetic and clinical studies of four Japanese families. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.3499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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49
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Hashimoto Y, Komatsu K, Kouhashi M, Matsumoto S. Rapidly progressive noninfectious meningitis in a case of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus. J Neurol Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jns.2017.08.3725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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50
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Andoh T, Uta D, Kato M, Toume K, Komatsu K, Kuraishi Y. Prophylactic Administration of Aucubin Inhibits Paclitaxel-Induced Mechanical Allodynia via the Inhibition of Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Peripheral Schwann Cells. Biol Pharm Bull 2017; 40:473-478. [PMID: 28381802 DOI: 10.1248/bpb.b16-00899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Paclitaxel is a chemotherapeutic agent that causes peripheral neuropathy as its major dose-limiting side effect. However, the peripheral neuropathy is difficult to manage. A study we recently conducted showed that repetitive administration of aucubin as a prophylactic inhibits paclitaxel-induced mechanical allodynia. However, the mechanisms underlying the anti-allodynic activity of aucubin, which is a major component of Plantaginis Semen, was unclear. In addition to mechanical allodynia, aucubin inhibited spontaneous and mechanical stimuli-induced firing in spinal dorsal horn neurons; however, catalpol, a metabolite of aucubin, did not show these effects. Furthermore, paclitaxel induced the expression of CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein homologous protein, a marker of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, in the sciatic nerve and a Schwann cell line (LY-PPB6 cells); however, this effect was inhibited by aucubin. These results suggest that aucubin inhibits paclitaxel-induced mechanical allodynia through the inhibition of ER stress in peripheral Schwann cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsugunobu Andoh
- Department of Applied Pharmacology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama
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