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Christensen P, Cinzah R, Suwanarusk R, Chua ACY, Kaneko O, Kyle DE, Aung HL, Matheson J, Bifani P, Rénia L, Cook GM, Snounou G, Russell B. Extended blood stage sensitivity profiles of Plasmodium cynomolgi to doxycycline and tafenoquine, as a model for Plasmodium vivax. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2024:e0028024. [PMID: 38587391 DOI: 10.1128/aac.00280-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Testing Plasmodium vivax antimicrobial sensitivity is limited to ex vivo schizont maturation assays, which preclude determining the IC50s of delayed action antimalarials such as doxycycline. Using Plasmodium cynomolgi as a model for P. vivax, we determined the physiologically significant delayed death effect induced by doxycycline [IC50(96 h), 1,401 ± 607 nM]. As expected, IC50(96 h) to chloroquine (20.4 nM), piperaquine (12.6 µM), and tafenoquine (1,424 nM) were not affected by extended exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Christensen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Rosy Cinzah
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rossarin Suwanarusk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Adeline Chiew Yen Chua
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), , Singapore
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Dennis E Kyle
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Htin Lin Aung
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jessica Matheson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Pablo Bifani
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Laurent Rénia
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Labs, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), , Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | - Gregory M Cook
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Georges Snounou
- 11-Université Paris-Saclay, Inserm, CEA, Immunologie des maladies virales, auto-immunes, hématologiques et bactériennes (IMVA-HB/IDMIT/UMR1184), Fontenay-aux-Roses & Kremlin- Bicêtre, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France
| | - Bruce Russell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
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Imaizumi T, Shimada I, Satake Y, Yamaki S, Koike T, Nigawara T, Kaneko O, Amano Y, Mori K, Yamanaka Y, Nakayama A, Nishizono Y, Shimazaki M, Nagashima T, Kuramoto K. Discovery of ASP6918, a KRAS G12C inhibitor: Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of 1-{2,7-diazaspiro[3.5]non-2-yl}prop-2-en-1-one derivatives as covalent inhibitors with good potency and oral activity for the treatment of solid tumors. Bioorg Med Chem 2024; 98:117581. [PMID: 38176113 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2023.117581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Although KRAS protein had been classified as an undruggable target, inhibitors of KRAS G12C mutant protein were recently reported to show clinical efficacy in solid tumors. In our previous report, we identified 1-{2,7-diazaspiro[3.5]non-2-yl}prop-2-en-1-one derivative (1) as a KRAS G12C inhibitor that covalently binds to Cys12 of KRAS G12C protein. Compound 1 exhibited potent cellular pERK inhibition and cell growth inhibition against a KRAS G12C mutation-positive cell line and showed an antitumor effect on subcutaneous administration in an NCI-H1373 (KRAS G12C mutation-positive cell line) xenograft mouse model in a dose-dependent manner. In this report, we further optimized the substituents on the quinazoline scaffold based on the structure-based drug design from the co-crystal structure analysis of compound 1 and KRAS G12C to enhance in vitro activity. As a result, ASP6918 was found to exhibit extremely potent in vitro activity and induce dose-dependent tumor regression in an NCI-H1373 xenograft mouse model after oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomoyoshi Imaizumi
- Tsukuba Research Center, Astellas Pharma Inc.; 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan.
| | - Itsuro Shimada
- Tsukuba Research Center, Astellas Pharma Inc.; 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Satake
- Tsukuba Research Center, Astellas Pharma Inc.; 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Susumu Yamaki
- Tsukuba Research Center, Astellas Pharma Inc.; 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Takanori Koike
- Tsukuba Research Center, Astellas Pharma Inc.; 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Takahiro Nigawara
- Tsukuba Research Center, Astellas Pharma Inc.; 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Tsukuba Research Center, Astellas Pharma Inc.; 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Yasushi Amano
- Tsukuba Research Center, Astellas Pharma Inc.; 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Kenichi Mori
- Tsukuba Research Center, Astellas Pharma Inc.; 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Yosuke Yamanaka
- Tsukuba Research Center, Astellas Pharma Inc.; 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Ayako Nakayama
- Tsukuba Research Center, Astellas Pharma Inc.; 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Yoshihiro Nishizono
- Tsukuba Research Center, Astellas Pharma Inc.; 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Masashi Shimazaki
- Tsukuba Research Center, Astellas Pharma Inc.; 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Takeyuki Nagashima
- Tsukuba Research Center, Astellas Pharma Inc.; 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Kuramoto
- Tsukuba Research Center, Astellas Pharma Inc.; 21, Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 305-8585, Japan
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Poofery J, Ngamprasertwong T, Narapakdeesakul D, Arnuphapprasert A, Nugraheni YR, Thanee S, Asada M, Kaneko O, Kaewthamasorn M. Complete mitochondrial genome analyses confirm that bat Polychromophilus and ungulate Plasmodium constitute a distinct clade independent of other Plasmodium species. Sci Rep 2023; 13:20258. [PMID: 37985797 PMCID: PMC10662395 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45551-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/22/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent phylogenetic studies, bat Polychromophilus and ungulate Plasmodium, two relatively understudied haemosporidian parasites within the Apicomplexa phylum, have often been overlooked. Instead, the focus has been primarily on haemosporidian parasites in primates, rodents, and birds. Several phylogenetic analyses of bat Polychromophilus have relied on limited datasets and short informative DNA sequences. As a result of these inherent limitations, the substantiation of their evolutionary stance has encountered a diminished degree of robust validation. This study successfully obtained complete mitochondrial genome sequences from 11 Polychromophilus parasites originating from Hipposideros gentilis and Myotis siligoensis bats for the first time. Additionally, the authors have sequenced the apicoplast caseinolytic protease C genes from Polychromophilus murinus and a potentially new Polychromophilus species. These mitochondrial genomes range in length from 5994 to 6001 bp and consist of three protein-coding genes (PCGs), seven small subunit ribosomal RNA genes (SSU rRNA), 12 large subunit ribosomal RNA genes (LSU rRNA), and seven miscellaneous RNA genes. Phylogenetic analyses using Bayesian Inference and Maximum Likelihood methods indicated robust support for the grouping of ungulate Plasmodium and bat Polychromophilus in a single clade separate from other Plasmodium spp., confirming previous reports, albeit with stronger evidence in this study. The divergence between Polychromophilus in bats and Plasmodium in ungulates occurred approximately 29.61 to 55.77 million years ago (Mya), with a node age estimated at 40.63 Mya. These findings highlight that the genus Plasmodium, which includes species found in ungulates, birds, reptiles, and other mammals, does not form a monophyletic group. By incorporating Polychromophilus in bats and Plasmodium in ungulates, this study contributes significantly to understanding the phylogenetic relationships within the Haemosporida order. It provides valuable insights into the evolutionary history and interconnections among these diverse parasites, thereby expanding knowledge in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juthathip Poofery
- Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | | | - Duriyang Narapakdeesakul
- Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Veterinary Pathobiology Graduate Program, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Apinya Arnuphapprasert
- Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yudhi Ratna Nugraheni
- Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sleman, Indonesia
| | - Suchansa Thanee
- Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Masahito Asada
- Research Unit for Global Infection Control, National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Morakot Kaewthamasorn
- Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Wang Z, Chitama BYA, Suganuma K, Yamano Y, Sugimoto S, Kawakami S, Kaneko O, Otsuka H, Matsunami K. Two New Cytotoxic Sesquiterpene-Amino Acid Conjugates and a Coumarin-Glucoside from Crossostephium chinense. Molecules 2023; 28:4696. [PMID: 37375252 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2023] [Revised: 06/08/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The Asteraceae family is a promising source of bioactive compounds, such as the famous Asteraceae plants Tanacetum cinerariifolium (pyrethrin) and Artemisia annua (artemisinin). As a result of our series of phytochemical studies of the subtropical plants, two novel sesquiterpenes, named crossoseamines A and B in this study (1 and 2, respectively), one undescribed coumarin-glucoside (3), and eighteen known compounds (4-21) were isolated from the aerial part of Crossostephium chinense (Asteraceae). The structures of isolated compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including 1D and 2D NMR experiments (1H, 13C, DEPT, COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY), IR spectrum, circular dichroism spectrum (CD), and high-resolution electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry (HR-ESI-MS). All isolated compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against Leishmania major, Plasmodium falciparum, Trypanosoma brucei (gambiense and rhodesiense), and human lung cancer cell line A549 because of the high demand for the discovery of new drug leads to overcome the present side effects and emerging drug-resistant strains. As a result, the new compounds (1 and 2) showed significant activities against A549 (IC50, 1: 3.3 ± 0.3; 2: 12.3 ± 1.0 μg/mL), L. major (IC50, 1: 6.9 ± 0.6; 2: 24.9 ± 2.2 μg/mL), and P. falciparum (IC50, 1: 12.1 ± 1.1; 2: 15.6 ± 1.2 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichao Wang
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Ben-Yeddy Abel Chitama
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Keisuke Suganuma
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555, Japan
| | - Yoshi Yamano
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Sachiko Sugimoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
| | - Susumu Kawakami
- Graduate School of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima 731-0153, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Hideaki Otsuka
- Graduate School of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women's University, Hiroshima 731-0153, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Matsunami
- Graduate School of Biomedical & Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan
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Ward KE, Christensen P, Racklyeft A, Dhingra SK, Chua ACY, Remmert C, Suwanarusk R, Matheson J, Blackman MJ, Kaneko O, Kyle DE, Lee MCS, Moon RW, Snounou G, Rénia L, Fidock DA, Russell B, Bifani P. Integrative Genetic Manipulation of Plasmodium cynomolgi Reveals Multidrug Resistance-1 Y976F Associated With Increased In Vitro Susceptibility to Mefloquine. J Infect Dis 2023; 227:1121-1126. [PMID: 36478252 PMCID: PMC10175063 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The lack of a long-term in vitro culture method has severely restricted the study of Plasmodium vivax, in part because it limits genetic manipulation and reverse genetics. We used the recently optimized Plasmodium cynomolgi Berok in vitro culture model to investigate the putative P. vivax drug resistance marker MDR1 Y976F. Introduction of this mutation using clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (CRISPR-Cas9) increased sensitivity to mefloquine, but had no significant effect on sensitivity to chloroquine, amodiaquine, piperaquine, and artesunate. To our knowledge, this is the first reported use of CRISPR-Cas9 in P. cynomolgi, and the first reported integrative genetic manipulation of this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kurt E Ward
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Peter Christensen
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Annie Racklyeft
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Satish K Dhingra
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Adeline C Y Chua
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Caroline Remmert
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Rossarin Suwanarusk
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Jessica Matheson
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Michael J Blackman
- Malaria Biochemistry Laboratory, Francis Crick Institute, London, United Kingdom
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Dennis E Kyle
- Center for Tropical and Emerging Global Diseases, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Marcus C S Lee
- Parasites and Microbes Programme, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Robert W Moon
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Georges Snounou
- 11-INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, Infectious Disease Models and Innovative Therapies Department, Institut de biologie François Jacob, Direction de Recherche Fondamentale, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives-Université Paris Sud, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France
| | - Laurent Rénia
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
- School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - David A Fidock
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
- Center for Malaria Therapeutics and Antimicrobial Resistance, Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Bruce Russell
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Pablo Bifani
- A*STAR Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Agency for Science, Technology, and Research, Singapore, Singapore
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
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Simpson SV, Nundu SS, Arima H, Kaneko O, Mita T, Culleton R, Yamamoto T. The diversity of Plasmodium falciparum isolates from asymptomatic and symptomatic school-age children in Kinshasa Province, Democratic Republic of Congo. Malar J 2023; 22:102. [PMID: 36941587 PMCID: PMC10025789 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-023-04528-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding Plasmodium falciparum population diversity and transmission dynamics provides information on the intensity of malaria transmission, which is needed for assessing malaria control interventions. This study aimed to determine P. falciparum allelic diversity and multiplicity of infection (MOI) among asymptomatic and symptomatic school-age children in Kinshasa Province, Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). METHODS A total of 438 DNA samples (248 asymptomatic and 190 symptomatic) were characterized by nested PCR and genotyping the polymorphic regions of pfmsp1 block 2 and pfmsp2 block 3. RESULTS Nine allele types were observed in pfmsp1 block2. The K1-type allele was predominant with 78% (229/293) prevalence, followed by the MAD20-type allele (52%, 152/293) and RO33-type allele (44%, 129/293). Twelve alleles were detected in pfmsp2, and the 3D7-type allele was the most frequent with 84% (256/304) prevalence, followed by the FC27-type allele (66%, 201/304). Polyclonal infections were detected in 63% (95% CI 56, 69) of the samples, and the MOI (SD) was 1.99 (0.97) in P. falciparum single-species infections. MOIs significantly increased in P. falciparum isolates from symptomatic parasite carriers compared with asymptomatic carriers (2.24 versus 1.69, adjusted b: 0.36, (95% CI 0.01, 0.72), p = 0.046) and parasitaemia > 10,000 parasites/µL compared to parasitaemia < 5000 parasites/µL (2.68 versus 1.63, adjusted b: 0.89, (95% CI 0.46, 1.25), p < 0.001). CONCLUSION This survey showed low allelic diversity and MOI of P. falciparum, which reflects a moderate intensity of malaria transmission in the study areas. MOIs were more likely to be common in symptomatic infections and increased with the parasitaemia level. Further studies in different transmission zones are needed to understand the epidemiology and parasite complexity in the DRC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shirley V Simpson
- Programme for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Department of International Health and Medical Anthropology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Sabin S Nundu
- Programme for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
- Department of International Health and Medical Anthropology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
- Institut National de Recherche Biomédicale (INRB), Kinshasa-Gombe, Democratic Republic of Congo.
| | - Hiroaki Arima
- Department of International Health and Medical Anthropology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Programme for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Mita
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Juntendo University, Tokyo, 113-8421, Japan
| | - Richard Culleton
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Centre, Ehime University, Ehime, 790-8577, Japan
| | - Taro Yamamoto
- Programme for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Department of International Health and Medical Anthropology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
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7
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Otsuki H, Kaneko O, Ito D, Kondo Y, Iriko H, Ishino T, Tachibana M, Tsuboi T, Torii M. Cysteine Residues in Region 6 of the Plasmodium yoelii Erythrocyte-Binding-like Ligand That Are Related to Its Localization and the Course of Infection. Biomolecules 2023; 13:458. [PMID: 36979393 PMCID: PMC10046610 DOI: 10.3390/biom13030458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium malaria parasites use erythrocyte-binding-like (EBL) ligands to invade erythrocytes in their vertebrate host. EBLs are released from micronemes, which are secretory organelles located at the merozoite apical end and bind to erythrocyte surface receptors. Because of their essential nature, EBLs have been studied as vaccine candidates, such as the Plasmodium vivax Duffy binding protein. Previously, we showed through using the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii that a single amino acid substitution within the EBL C-terminal Cys-rich domain (region 6) caused mislocalization of this molecule and resulted in alteration of the infection course and virulence between the non-lethal 17X and lethal 17XL strains. In the present study, we generated a panel of transgenic P. yoelii lines in which seven of the eight conserved Cys residues in EBL region 6 were independently substituted to Ala residues to observe the consequence of these substitutions with respect to EBL localization, the infection course, and virulence. Five out of seven transgenic lines showed EBL mislocalizations and higher parasitemias. Among them, three showed increased virulence, whereas the other two did not kill the infected mice. The remaining two transgenic lines showed low parasitemias similar to their parental 17X strain, and their EBL localizations did not change. The results indicate the importance of Cys residues in EBL region 6 for EBL localization, parasite infection course, and virulence and suggest an association between EBL localization and the parasite infection course.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hitoshi Otsuki
- Division of Medical Zoology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Daisuke Ito
- Division of Medical Zoology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Yoko Kondo
- Division of Medical Zoology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago 683-8503, Japan
| | - Hideyuki Iriko
- Division of Global Infectious Diseases, Department of Public Health, Kobe University Graduate School of Health Sciences, Kobe 654-0142, Japan
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon 791-0295, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Cell-Free Sciences, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan
| | - Motomi Torii
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon 791-0295, Japan
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Pandey K, Dumre SP, Shah Y, Acharya BK, Khanal L, Pyakurel UR, Kaneko O, Pandey BD. Forty years (1980-2019) of visceral leishmaniasis in Nepal: trends and elimination challenges. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 2023:7008737. [PMID: 36715092 DOI: 10.1093/trstmh/trad001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Revised: 10/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is an important re-emerging neglected tropical disease associated with poverty. Despite the elimination initiative started in 2005, VL cases have been expanding into geographic areas in Nepal. The present study aims at exploring the trends of VL from 1980 to 2019. METHODS This retrospective analysis covers 40 y of VL cases reported by the Epidemiology Diseases Control Division, Nepal. Subgroup analyses for annual incidence were performed by age, sex, seasons, districts and provinces, and VL cases were visualized on in-country maps. RESULTS A total of 34 564 cases and 584 deaths of VL were reported during 1980-2019. VL persistently increased until 2006 and was reported from all seven provinces of the country. The highest number of confirmed cases (n=2229) was reported in 2003 and the lowest (n=60) in 1983. VL cases expanded from 12 to 23 endemic districts. The key components of the VL elimination program are early diagnosis; enhanced surveillance; integrated vector management; social mobilization; research and treatment. CONCLUSIONS Expansion of VL towards the hilly and mountain regions of Nepal has posed challenges to the elimination program. Urgent VL control measures are required to achieve the elimination goals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kishor Pandey
- Central Departm ent of Zoology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu 44060, Nepal
| | - Shyam Prakash Dumre
- Central Department of Microbiology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu 44618, Nepal
| | - Yogendra Shah
- Everest International Clinic and Research Center, Kathmandu 44060, Nepal
| | - Bipin Kumar Acharya
- Institute of Fundamental Research and Studies (InFeRS), Kathmandu 44600, Nepal
| | - Laxman Khanal
- Central Departm ent of Zoology, Institute of Science and Technology, Tribhuvan University, Kathmandu 44060, Nepal
| | | | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Basu Dev Pandey
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
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Nguyen AHL, Pattaradilokrat S, Kaewlamun W, Kaneko O, Asada M, Kaewthamasorn M. Myzomyia and Pyretophorus series of Anopheles mosquitoes acting as probable vectors of the goat malaria parasite Plasmodium caprae in Thailand. Sci Rep 2023; 13:145. [PMID: 36599869 PMCID: PMC9812981 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-26833-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Unlike malaria parasites in humans, non-human primates, rodents, and birds, ungulate malaria parasites and their vectors have received little attention. As a result, understanding of the hosts, vectors, and biology of ungulate malaria parasites has remained limited. In this study, we aimed to identify the vectors of the goat malaria parasite Plasmodium caprae. A total of 1019 anopheline and 133 non-anopheline mosquitoes were collected from goat farms in Thailand, where P. caprae-infected goats were discovered. Anopheline mosquitoes were identified using molecular biological methods that target the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1), the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 (cox2) genes, and the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region. Pool and individual mosquitoes were tested for P. caprae using the head-thorax parts that contain the salivary glands, with primers targeting three genetic markers including cytochrome b, cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, and 18S small subunit ribosomal RNA genes. Additionally, goat blood samples were collected concurrently with mosquito surveys and screened to determine the status of malaria infection. This study revealed nine mosquito species belonging to six groups on goat farms, including Hyrcanus, Barbirostris, Subpictus, Funestus, Tessellatus, and Annularis. The DNA of P. caprae was detected in Anopheles subpictus and Anopheles aconitus. This is the first time An. subpictus and An. aconitus have been implicated as probable vectors of P. caprae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Hoang Lan Nguyen
- grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand ,grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Sittiporn Pattaradilokrat
- grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
| | - Winai Kaewlamun
- grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875School of Agricultural Resources, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- grid.174567.60000 0000 8902 2273Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523 Japan
| | - Masahito Asada
- grid.412310.50000 0001 0688 9267National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Department of Global Cooperation, Research Unit for Global Infection Control, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, 080-8555 Japan
| | - Morakot Kaewthamasorn
- grid.7922.e0000 0001 0244 7875Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330 Thailand
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10
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Chuang H, Sakaguchi M, Lucky AB, Yamagishi J, Katakai Y, Kawai S, Kaneko O. SICA-mediated cytoadhesion of Plasmodium knowlesi-infected red blood cells to human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14942. [PMID: 36056126 PMCID: PMC9440145 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-19199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoonotic malaria due to Plasmodium knowlesi infection in Southeast Asia is sometimes life-threatening. Post-mortem examination of human knowlesi malaria cases showed sequestration of P. knowlesi-infected red blood cells (iRBCs) in blood vessels, which has been proposed to be linked to disease severity. This sequestration is likely mediated by the cytoadhesion of parasite-iRBCs to vascular endothelial cells; however, the responsible parasite ligands remain undetermined. This study selected P. knowlesi lines with increased iRBC cytoadhesion activity by repeated panning against human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Transcriptome analysis revealed that the transcript level of one gene, encoding a Schizont Infected Cell Agglutination (SICA) protein, herein termed SICA-HUVEC, was more than 100-fold increased after the panning. Transcripts of other P. knowlesi proteins were also significantly increased, such as PIR proteins exported to the iRBC cytosol, suggesting their potential role in increasing cytoadhesion activity. Transgenic P. knowlesi parasites expressing Myc-fused SICA-HUVEC increased cytoadhesion activity following infection of monkey as well as human RBCs, confirming that SICA-HUVEC conveys activity to bind to HUVECs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huai Chuang
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Leading Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Miako Sakaguchi
- Central Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Amuza Byaruhanga Lucky
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
- Leading Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Morsani College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Junya Yamagishi
- International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yuko Katakai
- The Corporation for Production and Research of Laboratory Primates, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Satoru Kawai
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Dokkyo Medical University, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
- Leading Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
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11
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Imaizumi T, Akaiwa M, Abe T, Nigawara T, Koike T, Satake Y, Watanabe K, Kaneko O, Amano Y, Mori K, Yamanaka Y, Nagashima T, Shimazaki M, Kuramoto K. Discovery and biological evaluation of 1-{2,7-diazaspiro[3.5]nonan-2-yl}prop-2-en-1-one derivatives as covalent inhibitors of KRAS G12C with favorable metabolic stability and anti-tumor activity. Bioorg Med Chem 2022; 71:116949. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2022.116949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
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12
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Nugraheni YR, Arnuphapprasert A, Nguyen TT, Narapakdeesakul D, Nguyen HLA, Poofery J, Kaneko O, Asada M, Kaewthamasorn M. Publisher Correction: Myzorhynchus series of Anopheles mosquitoes as potential vectors of Plasmodium bubalis in Thailand. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6497. [PMID: 35444253 PMCID: PMC9021304 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10860-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Yudhi Ratna Nugraheni
- The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Apinya Arnuphapprasert
- Veterinary Pathobiology Graduate Program, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Trang Thuy Nguyen
- The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Duriyang Narapakdeesakul
- Veterinary Pathobiology Graduate Program, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Hoang Lan Anh Nguyen
- The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Juthathip Poofery
- Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Masahito Asada
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Department of Global Cooperation, Research Unit for Global Infection Control, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary, Obihiro, 080-8555, Japan.
| | - Morakot Kaewthamasorn
- Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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13
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Nugraheni YR, Arnuphapprasert A, Nguyen TT, Narapakdeesakul D, Nguyen HLA, Poofery J, Kaneko O, Asada M, Kaewthamasorn M. Myzorhynchus series of Anopheles mosquitoes as potential vectors of Plasmodium bubalis in Thailand. Sci Rep 2022; 12:5747. [PMID: 35388073 PMCID: PMC8987089 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-09686-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Ungulate malaria parasites and their vectors are among the least studied when compared to other medically important species. As a result, a thorough understanding of ungulate malaria parasites, hosts, and mosquito vectors has been lacking, necessitating additional research efforts. This study aimed to identify the vector(s) of Plasmodium bubalis. A total of 187 female mosquitoes (133 Anopheles spp., 24 Culex spp., 24 Aedes spp., and 6 Mansonia spp. collected from a buffalo farm in Thailand where concurrently collected water buffalo samples were examined and we found only Anopheles spp. samples were P. bubalis positive. Molecular identification of anopheline mosquito species was conducted by sequencing of the PCR products targeting cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (cox1), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 2 (cox2), and internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) markers. We observed 5 distinct groups of anopheline mosquitoes: Barbirostris, Hyrcanus, Ludlowae, Funestus, and Jamesii groups. The Barbirostris group (Anopheles wejchoochotei or Anopheles campestris) and the Hyrcanus group (Anopheles peditaeniatus) were positive for P. bubalis. Thus, for the first time, our study implicated these anopheline mosquito species as probable vectors of P. bubalis in Thailand.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yudhi Ratna Nugraheni
- The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.,Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta, 55281, Indonesia
| | - Apinya Arnuphapprasert
- Veterinary Pathobiology Graduate Program, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Trang Thuy Nguyen
- The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Duriyang Narapakdeesakul
- Veterinary Pathobiology Graduate Program, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Hoang Lan Anh Nguyen
- The International Graduate Program of Veterinary Science and Technology (VST), Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Juthathip Poofery
- Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Masahito Asada
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Department of Global Cooperation, Research Unit for Global Infection Control, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary, Obihiro, 080-8555, Japan.
| | - Morakot Kaewthamasorn
- Veterinary Parasitology Research Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.
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14
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Peter C, Annie R, Ward Kurt E, Jessica M, Rossarin S, Adeline CC, Kaneko O, Lin AH, Laurent R, Nadia A, Victor M, Julien L, Roger LG, Dennis K, Pablo B, Cook Gregory M, Georges S, Bruce R. Improving in vitro continuous cultivation of Plasmodium cynomolgi, a model for P. vivax. Parasitol Int 2022; 89:102589. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2022.102589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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15
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Chaiyawong N, Ishizaki T, Hakimi H, Asada M, Yahata K, Kaneko O. Distinct effects on the secretion of MTRAP and AMA1 in Plasmodium yoelii following deletion of acylated pleckstrin homology domain-containing protein. Parasitol Int 2021; 86:102479. [PMID: 34628068 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Revised: 09/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Plasmodium, the causative agents of malaria, are obligate intracellular organisms. In humans, pathogenesis is caused by the blood stage parasite, which multiplies within erythrocytes, thus erythrocyte invasion is an essential developmental step. Merozoite form parasites released into the blood stream coordinately secrets a panel of proteins from the microneme secretory organelles for gliding motility, establishment of a tight junction with a target naive erythrocyte, and subsequent internalization. A protein identified in Toxoplasma gondii facilitates microneme fusion with the plasma membrane for exocytosis; namely, acylated pleckstrin homology domain-containing protein (APH). To obtain insight into the differential microneme discharge by malaria parasites, in this study we analyzed the consequences of APH deletion in the rodent malaria model, Plasmodium yoelii, using a DiCre-based inducible knockout method. We found that APH deletion resulted in a reduction in parasite asexual growth and erythrocyte invasion, with some parasites retaining the ability to invade and grow without APH. APH deletion impaired the secretion of microneme proteins, MTRAP and AMA1, and upon contact with erythrocytes the secretion of MTRAP, but not AMA1, was observed. APH-deleted merozoites were able to attach to and deform erythrocytes, consistent with the observed MTRAP secretion. Tight junctions were formed, but echinocytosis after merozoite internalization into erythrocytes was significantly reduced, consistent with the observed absence of AMA1 secretion. Together with our observation that APH largely colocalized with MTRAP, but less with AMA1, we propose that APH is directly involved in MTRAP secretion; whereas any role of APH in AMA1 secretion is indirect in Plasmodium.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattawat Chaiyawong
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Takahiro Ishizaki
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden.
| | - Hassan Hakimi
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States
| | - Masahito Asada
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-0834, Japan.
| | - Kazuhide Yahata
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
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16
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Osborne A, Manko E, Takeda M, Kaneko A, Kagaya W, Chan C, Ngara M, Kongere J, Kita K, Campino S, Kaneko O, Gitaka J, Clark TG. Characterizing the genomic variation and population dynamics of Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites in and around Lake Victoria, Kenya. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19809. [PMID: 34615917 PMCID: PMC8494747 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-99192-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 09/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Characterising the genomic variation and population dynamics of Plasmodium falciparum parasites in high transmission regions of Sub-Saharan Africa is crucial to the long-term efficacy of regional malaria elimination campaigns and eradication. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) technologies can contribute towards understanding the epidemiology and structural variation landscape of P. falciparum populations, including those within the Lake Victoria basin, a region of intense transmission. Here we provide a baseline assessment of the genomic diversity of P. falciparum isolates in the Lake region of Kenya, which has sparse genetic data. Lake region isolates are placed within the context of African-wide populations using Illumina WGS data and population genomic analyses. Our analysis revealed that P. falciparum isolates from Lake Victoria form a cluster within the East African parasite population. These isolates also appear to have distinct ancestral origins, containing genome-wide signatures from both Central and East African lineages. Known drug resistance biomarkers were observed at similar frequencies to those of East African parasite populations, including the S160N/T mutation in the pfap2mu gene, which has been associated with delayed clearance by artemisinin-based combination therapy. Overall, our work provides a first assessment of P. falciparum genetic diversity within the Lake Victoria basin, a region targeting malaria elimination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashley Osborne
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Emilia Manko
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Mika Takeda
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Akira Kaneko
- Department of Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Wataru Kagaya
- Department of Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Chim Chan
- Department of Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Mtakai Ngara
- Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - James Kongere
- Department of Parasitology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan
- Centre for Research in Tropical Medicine and Community Development (CRTMCD), Hospital Road Next to Kenyatta National Hospital, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kiyoshi Kita
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Susana Campino
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Jesse Gitaka
- Directorate of Research and Innovation, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya
- Centre for Malaria Elimination, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya
| | - Taane G Clark
- Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
- Faculty of Epidemiology and Population Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK.
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17
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Ishizaki T, Asada M, Hakimi H, Chaiyawong N, Kegawa Y, Yahata K, Kaneko O. cAMP-dependent protein kinase regulates secretion of apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) in Plasmodium yoelii. Parasitol Int 2021; 85:102435. [PMID: 34390881 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Malaria remains a heavy global burden on human health, and it is important to understand the molecular and cellular biology of the parasite to find targets for drug and vaccine development. The mouse malaria model is an essential tool to characterize the function of identified molecules; however, robust technologies for targeted gene deletions are still poorly developed for the widely used rodent malaria parasite, Plasmodium yoelii. To overcome this problem, we established a DiCre-loxP inducible knockout (iKO) system in P. yoelii, which showed more than 80% excision efficacy of the target locus and more than 90% reduction of locus transcripts 24 h (one cell cycle) after RAP administration. Using this developed system, cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKAc) was inducibly disrupted and the phenotypes of the resulting PKAc-iKO parasites were analyzed. We found that PKAc-iKO parasites showed severe growth and erythrocyte invasion defects. We also found that disruption of PKAc impaired the secretion of AMA1 in P. yoelii, in contrast to a report showing no role of PKAc in AMA1 secretion in P. falciparum. This discrepancy may be related to the difference in the timing of AMA1 distribution to the merozoite surface, which occurs just after egress for P. falciparum, but after several minutes for P. yoelii. Secretions of PyEBL, Py235, and RON2 were not affected by the disruption of PKAc in P. yoelii. PyRON2 was already secreted to the merozoite surface immediately after merozoite egress, which is inconsistent with the current model that RON2 is injected into the erythrocyte cytosol. Further investigations are required to understand the role of RON2 exposed on the merozoite surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ishizaki
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate school of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Department of Molecular Biology, Umeå University, Umeå 901 87, Sweden
| | - Masahito Asada
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate school of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Nishi 2-11, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-0834, Japan.
| | - Hassan Hakimi
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University, College station, TX 77843, USA.
| | - Nattawat Chaiyawong
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate school of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Yuto Kegawa
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate school of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Section on Integrative Biophysics, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development, National Institute of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, Mary land 20892, USA
| | - Kazuhide Yahata
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate school of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
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18
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Koudatsu S, Masatani T, Konishi R, Asada M, Hakimi H, Kurokawa Y, Tomioku K, Kaneko O, Fujita A. Glycosphingolipid GM3 is localized in both exoplasmic and cytoplasmic leaflets of Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasite plasma membrane. Sci Rep 2021; 11:14890. [PMID: 34290278 PMCID: PMC8295280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-94037-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipid rafts, sterol-rich and sphingolipid-rich microdomains on the plasma membrane are important in processes like cell signaling, adhesion, and protein and lipid transport. The virulence of many eukaryotic parasites is related to raft microdomains on the cell membrane. In the malaria parasite Plasmodium falciparum, glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored proteins, which are important for invasion and are possible targets for vaccine development, are localized in the raft. However, rafts are poorly understood. We used quick-freezing and freeze-fracture immuno-electron microscopy to examine the localization of monosialotetrahexosylganglioside (GM1) and monosialodihexosylganglioside (GM3), putative raft microdomain components in P. falciparum and infected erythrocytes. This method immobilizes molecules in situ, minimizing artifacts. GM3 was localized in the exoplasmic (EF) and cytoplasmic leaflets (PF) of the parasite and the parasitophorous vacuole (PV) membranes, but solely in the EF of the infected erythrocyte membrane, as in the case for uninfected erythrocytes. Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate (PtdIns(4,5)P2) was localized solely in the PF of erythrocyte, parasite, and PV membranes. This is the first time that GM3, the major component of raft microdomains, was found in the PF of a biological membrane. The unique localization of raft microdomains may be due to P. falciparum lipid metabolism and its unique biological processes, like protein transport from the parasite to infected erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiomi Koudatsu
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Basic Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Tatsunori Masatani
- Transboundary Animal Diseases Research Center, Joint Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.,Laboratory of Zoonotic Diseases, Faculty of Applied Biological Sciences, Gifu University, 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
| | - Rikako Konishi
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Basic Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Masahito Asada
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto 1-12-4, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Hassan Hakimi
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto 1-12-4, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada-cho, Obihiro, 080-8555, Japan
| | - Yuna Kurokawa
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Basic Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Kanna Tomioku
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Basic Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto 1-12-4, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Akikazu Fujita
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Basic Veterinary Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima, 890-0065, Japan.
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19
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Moraes Barros RR, Thawnashom K, Gibson TJ, Armistead JS, Caleon RL, Kaneko M, Kite WA, Mershon JP, Brockhurst JK, Engels T, Lambert L, Orr-Gonzalez S, Adams JH, Sá JM, Kaneko O, Wellems TE. Activity of Plasmodium vivax promoter elements in Plasmodium knowlesi, and a centromere-containing plasmid that expresses NanoLuc throughout the parasite life cycle. Malar J 2021; 20:247. [PMID: 34090438 PMCID: PMC8180018 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-021-03773-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Plasmodium knowlesi is now the major cause of human malaria in Malaysia, complicating malaria control efforts that must attend to the elimination of multiple Plasmodium species. Recent advances in the cultivation of P. knowlesi erythrocytic-stage parasites in vitro, transformation with exogenous DNA, and infection of mosquitoes with gametocytes from culture have opened up studies of this pathogen without the need for resource-intensive and costly non-human primate (NHP) models. For further understanding and development of methods for parasite transformation in malaria research, this study examined the activity of various trans-species transcriptional control sequences and the influence of Plasmodium vivax centromeric (pvcen) repeats in plasmid-transfected P. knowlesi parasites. Methods In vitro cultivated P. knowlesi parasites were transfected with plasmid constructs that incorporated Plasmodium vivax or Plasmodium falciparum 5′ UTRs driving the expression of bioluminescence markers (firefly luciferase or Nanoluc). Promoter activities were assessed by bioluminescence, and parasites transformed with human resistant allele dihydrofolate reductase-expressing plasmids were selected using antifolates. The stability of transformants carrying pvcen-stabilized episomes was assessed by bioluminescence over a complete parasite life cycle through a rhesus macaque monkey, mosquitoes, and a second rhesus monkey. Results Luciferase expression assessments show that certain P. vivax promoter regions, not functional in the more evolutionarily-distant P. falciparum, can drive transgene expression in P. knowlesi. Further, pvcen repeats may improve the stability of episomal plasmids in P. knowlesi and support detection of NanoLuc-expressing elements over the full parasite life cycle from rhesus macaque monkeys to Anopheles dirus mosquitoes and back again to monkeys. In assays of drug responses to chloroquine, G418 and WR9910, anti-malarial half-inhibitory concentration (IC50) values of blood stages measured by NanoLuc activity proved comparable to IC50 values measured by the standard SYBR Green method. Conclusion All three P. vivax promoters tested in this study functioned in P. knowlesi, whereas two of the three were inactive in P. falciparum. NanoLuc-expressing, centromere-stabilized plasmids may support high-throughput screenings of P. knowlesi for new anti-malarial agents, including compounds that can block the development of mosquito- and/or liver-stage parasites. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12936-021-03773-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto R Moraes Barros
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA. .,Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Kittisak Thawnashom
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Tyler J Gibson
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jennifer S Armistead
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.,Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases Research, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Ramoncito L Caleon
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Miho Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Whitney A Kite
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J Patrick Mershon
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Jacqueline K Brockhurst
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Theresa Engels
- Division of Veterinary Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Lynn Lambert
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Sachy Orr-Gonzalez
- Laboratory of Malaria Immunology and Vaccinology, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - John H Adams
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases Research, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, USA
| | - Juliana M Sá
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Thomas E Wellems
- Laboratory of Malaria and Vector Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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20
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Miyazaki S, Chitama BYA, Kagaya W, Lucky AB, Zhu X, Yahata K, Morita M, Takashima E, Tsuboi T, Kaneko O. Plasmodium falciparum SURFIN 4.1 forms an intermediate complex with PTEX components and Pf113 during export to the red blood cell. Parasitol Int 2021; 83:102358. [PMID: 33901679 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2021.102358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/14/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites export several hundred proteins to the cytoplasm of infected red blood cells (RBCs) to modify the cell environment suitable for their growth. A Plasmodium translocon of exported proteins (PTEX) is necessary for both soluble and integral membrane proteins to cross the parasitophorous vacuole (PV) membrane surrounding the parasite inside the RBC. However, the molecular composition of the translocation complex for integral membrane proteins is not fully characterized, especially at the parasite plasma membrane. To examine the translocation complex, here we used mini-SURFIN4.1, consisting of a short N-terminal region, a transmembrane region, and a cytoplasmic region of an exported integral membrane protein SURFIN4.1. We found that mini-SURFIN4.1 forms a translocation intermediate complex with core PTEX components, EXP2, HSP101, and PTEX150. We also found that several proteins are exposed to the PV space, including Pf113, an uncharacterized PTEX-associated protein. We determined that Pf113 localizes in dense granules at the merozoite stage and on the parasite periphery after RBC invasion. Using an inducible translocon-clogged mini-SURFIN4.1, we found that a stable translocation intermediate complex forms at the parasite plasma membrane and contains EXP2 and a processed form of Pf113. These results suggest a potential role of Pf113 for the translocation step of mini-SURFIN4.1, providing further insights into the translocation mechanisms for parasite integral membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinya Miyazaki
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ben-Yeddy Abel Chitama
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Wataru Kagaya
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Department of Environmental Parasitology, Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Amuza Byaruhanga Lucky
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Xiaotong Zhu
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Yahata
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masayuki Morita
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
| | - Eizo Takashima
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
| | - Takafumi Tsuboi
- Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Ehime, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan; Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
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21
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Sulistyowaty MI, Uyen NH, Suganuma K, Chitama BYA, Yahata K, Kaneko O, Sugimoto S, Yamano Y, Kawakami S, Otsuka H, Matsunami K. Six New Phenylpropanoid Derivatives from Chemically Converted Extract of Alpinia galanga (L.) and Their Antiparasitic Activities. Molecules 2021; 26:1756. [PMID: 33801067 PMCID: PMC8004034 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26061756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemical conversion of the extract of natural resources is a very attractive way to expand the chemical space to discover bioactive compounds. In order to search for new medicines to treat parasitic diseases that cause high morbidity and mortality in affected countries in the world, the ethyl acetate extract from the rhizome of Alpinia galanga (L.) has been chemically converted by epoxidation using dioxirane generated in situ. The biological activity of chemically converted extract (CCE) of A. galanga (L.) significantly increased the activity against Leishmania major up to 82.6 ± 6.2 % at 25 μg/mL (whereas 2.7 ± 0.8% for the original extract). By bioassay-guided fractionation, new phenylpropanoids (1-6) and four known compounds, hydroquinone (7), 4-hydroxy(4-hydroxyphenyl)methoxy)benzaldehyde (8), isocoumarin cis 4-hydroxymelein (9), and (2S,3S,6R,7R,9S,10S)-humulene triepoxide (10) were isolated from CCE. The structures of isolated compounds were determined by spectroscopic analyses of 1D and 2D NMR, IR, and MS spectra. The most active compound was hydroquinone (7) with IC50 = 0.37 ± 1.37 μg/mL as a substantial active principle of CCE. In addition, the new phenylpropanoid 2 (IC50 = 27.8 ± 0.34 μg/mL) also showed significant activity against L. major compared to the positive control miltefosine (IC50 = 7.47 ± 0.3 μg/mL). The activities of the isolated compounds were also evaluated against Plasmodium falciparum, Trypanosoma brucei gambisense and Trypanosoma brucei rhodeisense. Interestingly, compound 2 was selectively active against trypanosomes with potent activity. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the bioactive "unnatural" natural products from the crude extract of A. galanga (L.) by chemical conversion and on its activities against causal pathogens of leishmaniasis, trypanosomiasis, and malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melanny Ika Sulistyowaty
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (M.I.S.); (N.H.U.); (S.S.); (Y.Y.)
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60286, Indonesia
| | - Nguyen Hoang Uyen
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (M.I.S.); (N.H.U.); (S.S.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Keisuke Suganuma
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Inada, Obihiro 080-8555, Hokkaido, Japan;
| | - Ben-Yeddy Abel Chitama
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (B.-Y.A.C.); (K.Y.); (O.K.)
| | - Kazuhide Yahata
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (B.-Y.A.C.); (K.Y.); (O.K.)
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; (B.-Y.A.C.); (K.Y.); (O.K.)
| | - Sachiko Sugimoto
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (M.I.S.); (N.H.U.); (S.S.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Yoshi Yamano
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (M.I.S.); (N.H.U.); (S.S.); (Y.Y.)
| | - Susumu Kawakami
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women’s University, 6-13-1 Yasuhigashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima 731-0153, Japan; (S.K.); (H.O.)
| | - Hideaki Otsuka
- Department of Natural Products Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Yasuda Women’s University, 6-13-1 Yasuhigashi, Asaminami-ku, Hiroshima 731-0153, Japan; (S.K.); (H.O.)
| | - Katsuyoshi Matsunami
- Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 734-8553, Japan; (M.I.S.); (N.H.U.); (S.S.); (Y.Y.)
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22
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Kaneko O, Asakura M, Hayashi T, Kato D, Ban S, Kawai T, Murakami H. Effect of degradation of filler elements on flexural strength for dental CAD/CAM resin composite materials in water. J Prosthodont Res 2021; 65:509-514. [PMID: 33692286 DOI: 10.2186/jpr.jpr_d_20_00183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to evaluate the effects of degradation on the strength of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) resin composite blocks (RCBs) by subjecting them to accelerated degradation in water and conducting biaxial flexural strength tests. METHODS Six commercial RCBs were tested. The RCBs were cut into disks, after which the disks were immersed in purified water. For the aging experiment, the samples were subjected to heat treatment at 37, 60, 70, and 80 °C, in a constant temperature oven and stored statically for 30 d. After the aging experiment, the elements released from the RCB fillers were measured by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy. In addition, the biaxial flexural strength of the RCB fillers was measured after accelerated degra dation at 70 °C. RESULTS Si (the main component of the filler) was detected in all the R CB solutions after the aging experiment; however, the type and amount of other elements differed considerably among the RCBs. The flexural strength of some of the RCBs decreased by approximately 20-40% after the accelerated degradation. For most materials, the Weibull coefficient decreased or remained unchanged after the test, whereas it increased in some materials. CONCLUSIONS The strength of all the RCBs decreased after the accelerated degradation tests; however, this behavior differed among the materials. In addition, the release of elements from the filler of some of the materials into the water correlated with the decrease in the strength of these materials. These findings indicate that the evaluation of the degradation behavior of RCBs in water is essential for their long-term usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Gerodontology and Home Care Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya
| | - Masaki Asakura
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya
| | - Tatsuhide Hayashi
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya
| | - Daisuke Kato
- Department of Gerodontology and Home Care Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya
| | - Seiji Ban
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya
| | - Tatsushi Kawai
- Department of Dental Materials Science, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya
| | - Hiroshi Murakami
- Department of Gerodontology and Home Care Dentistry, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, Nagoya
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23
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Hakimi H, Templeton TJ, Sakaguchi M, Yamagishi J, Miyazaki S, Yahata K, Uchihashi T, Kawazu SI, Kaneko O, Asada M. Novel Babesia bovis exported proteins that modify properties of infected red blood cells. PLoS Pathog 2020; 16:e1008917. [PMID: 33017449 PMCID: PMC7561165 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Revised: 10/15/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Babesia bovis causes a pathogenic form of babesiosis in cattle. Following invasion of red blood cells (RBCs) the parasite extensively modifies host cell structural and mechanical properties via the export of numerous proteins. Despite their crucial role in virulence and pathogenesis, such proteins have not been comprehensively characterized in B. bovis. Here we describe the surface biotinylation of infected RBCs (iRBCs), followed by proteomic analysis. We describe a multigene family (mtm) that encodes predicted multi-transmembrane integral membrane proteins which are exported and expressed on the surface of iRBCs. One mtm gene was downregulated in blasticidin-S (BS) resistant parasites, suggesting an association with BS uptake. Induced knockdown of a novel exported protein encoded by BBOV_III004280, named VESA export-associated protein (BbVEAP), resulted in a decreased growth rate, reduced RBC surface ridge numbers, mis-localized VESA1, and abrogated cytoadhesion to endothelial cells, suggesting that BbVEAP is a novel virulence factor for B. bovis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Hakimi
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
- * E-mail: (HH); (MA)
| | - Thomas J. Templeton
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Miako Sakaguchi
- Central Laboratory, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Junya Yamagishi
- Division of Collaboration and Education, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- International Collaboration Unit, Research Center for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
| | - Shinya Miyazaki
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Yahata
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | | | - Shin-ichiro Kawazu
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahito Asada
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- National Research Center for Protozoan Diseases, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido, Japan
- * E-mail: (HH); (MA)
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24
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Sugimoto T, Takahashi K, Matsui K, Asada M, Kaneko O, Ariyoshi K. A Japanese man with malaria tests negative for fever after spending 6 months in rural Kenya. Trop Med Health 2020; 48:52. [PMID: 32587463 PMCID: PMC7313188 DOI: 10.1186/s41182-020-00220-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
A previously healthy Japanese man in his fifties was admitted to our hospital because of a recurrent fever after returning from Kenya and Madagascar. He was ambulant with a body temperature of 36.6 °C. His physical examination revealed normal except for tender hepatomegaly. The blood test results showed no apparent abnormality except thrombocytopenia and mild liver dysfunction. The rapid diagnostic test and Giemsa-stained blood film were repeatedly negative for malaria. Computed tomography scans of the chest, abdomen, and pelvis revealed no significantly abnormal findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Sugimoto
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kensuke Takahashi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kosuke Matsui
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahito Asada
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Koya Ariyoshi
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.,Department of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
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Muh F, Kim N, Nyunt MH, Firdaus ER, Han JH, Hoque MR, Lee SK, Park JH, Moon RW, Lau YL, Kaneko O, Han ET. Cross-species reactivity of antibodies against Plasmodium vivax blood-stage antigens to Plasmodium knowlesi. PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2020; 14:e0008323. [PMID: 32559186 PMCID: PMC7304578 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0008323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Malaria is caused by multiple different species of protozoan parasites, and interventions in the pre-elimination phase can lead to drastic changes in the proportion of each species causing malaria. In endemic areas, cross-reactivity may play an important role in the protection and blocking transmission. Thus, successful control of one species could lead to an increase in other parasite species. A few studies have reported cross-reactivity producing cross-immunity, but the extent of cross-reactive, particularly between closely related species, is poorly understood. P. vivax and P. knowlesi are particularly closely related species causing malaria infections in SE Asia, and whilst P. vivax cases are in decline, zoonotic P. knowlesi infections are rising in some areas. In this study, the cross-species reactivity and growth inhibition activity of P. vivax blood-stage antigen-specific antibodies against P. knowlesi parasites were investigated. Bioinformatics analysis, immunofluorescence assay, western blotting, protein microarray, and growth inhibition assay were performed to investigate the cross-reactivity. P. vivax blood-stage antigen-specific antibodies recognized the molecules located on the surface or released from apical organelles of P. knowlesi merozoites. Recombinant P. vivax and P. knowlesi proteins were also recognized by P. knowlesi- and P. vivax-infected patient antibodies, respectively. Immunoglobulin G against P. vivax antigens from both immune animals and human malaria patients inhibited the erythrocyte invasion by P. knowlesi. This study demonstrates that there is extensive cross-reactivity between antibodies against P. vivax to P. knowlesi in the blood stage, and these antibodies can potently inhibit in vitro invasion, highlighting the potential cross-protective immunity in endemic areas. In recent years, malaria initiatives have increasingly shifted focus from achieving malaria control to achieving malaria elimination. However, the interventions used are leading to drastic changes in the proportions of different Plasmodium species causing clinical infection, particularly within Southeast Asia. Little is known about how these different parasite species interact/compete in nature or whether exposure to one species could cause some level of protection against another. We examined cross-reactive antibody responses to key parasite proteins with roles in red blood cell invasion and identified novel cross-species reactivity among the closest of malaria affecting the human population (P. vivax and P. knowlesi). This comprehensive analysis provides evidence that cross-reactive immunity could play an important role in areas where species distributions are perturbed by malaria control measures, and future efforts to identify the specific cross-reactive epitopes involved would be invaluable both to our understanding of malaria immunity and vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fauzi Muh
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Namhyeok Kim
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Egy Rahman Firdaus
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Mohammad Rafiul Hoque
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Kyun Lee
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Hoon Park
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Robert W. Moon
- Department of Infection Biology, Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
| | - Yee Ling Lau
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
- * E-mail:
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26
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Teklemichael AA, Mizukami S, Toume K, Mosaddeque F, Kamel MG, Kaneko O, Komatsu K, Karbwang J, Huy NT, Hirayama K. Anti-malarial activity of traditional Kampo medicine Coptis rhizome extract and its major active compounds. Malar J 2020; 19:204. [PMID: 32513250 PMCID: PMC7282140 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-020-03273-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Herbal medicine has been a rich source of new drugs exemplified by quinine and artemisinin. In this study, a variety of Japanese traditional herbal medicine (‘Kampo’) were examined for their potential anti-malarial activities. Methods A comprehensive screening methods were designed to identify novel anti-malarial drugs from a library of Kampo herbal extracts (n = 120) and related compounds (n = 96). The anti-malarial activity was initially evaluated in vitro against chloroquine/mefloquine-sensitive (3D7) and-resistant (Dd2) strains of Plasmodium falciparum. The cytotoxicity was also evaluated using primary adult mouse brain cells. After being selected through the first in vitro assay, positive extracts and compounds were examined for possible in vivo anti-malarial activity. Results Out of 120 herbal extracts, Coptis rhizome showed the highest anti-malarial activity (IC50 1.9 µg/mL of 3D7 and 4.85 µg/mL of Dd2) with a high selectivity index (SI) > 263 (3D7) and > 103 (Dd2). Three major chlorinated compounds (coptisine, berberine, and palmatine) related to Coptis rhizome also showed anti-malarial activities with IC50 1.1, 2.6, and 6.0 µM (against 3D7) and 3.1, 6.3, and 11.8 µM (against Dd2), respectively. Among them, coptisine chloride exhibited the highest anti-malarial activity (IC50 1.1 µM against 3D7 and 3.1 µM against Dd2) with SI of 37.8 and 13.2, respectively. Finally, the herbal extract of Coptis rhizome and its major active compound coptisine chloride exhibited significant anti-malarial activity in mice infected with Plasmodium yoelii 17X strain with respect to its activity on parasite suppression consistently from day 3 to day 7 post-challenge. The effect ranged from 50.38 to 72.13% (P < 0.05) for Coptis rhizome and from 81 to 89% (P < 0.01) for coptisine chloride. Conclusion Coptis rhizome and its major active compound coptisine chloride showed promising anti-malarial activity against chloroquine-sensitive (3D7) and -resistant (Dd2) strains in vitro as well as in vivo mouse malaria model. Thus, Kampo herbal medicine is a potential natural resource for novel anti-malarial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awet Alem Teklemichael
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Shusaku Mizukami
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Department of Clinical Product Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Kazufumi Toume
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Farhana Mosaddeque
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | | | - Osamu Kaneko
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Katsuko Komatsu
- Section of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Natural Medicine, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Juntra Karbwang
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Department of Clinical Product Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan
| | - Nguyen Tien Huy
- School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.,Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, 550000, Vietnam
| | - Kenji Hirayama
- Department of Immunogenetics, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan. .,Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan. .,School of Tropical Medicine and Global Health, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan.
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27
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Kawai S, Annoura T, Araki T, Shiogama Y, Soma S, Takano JI, Sato MO, Kaneko O, Yasutomi Y, Chigusa Y. Development of an effective alternative model for in vivo hypnozoite-induced relapse infection: A Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) model experimentally infected with Plasmodium cynomolgi. Parasitol Int 2020; 76:102096. [PMID: 32114084 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2019] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we demonstrate that the Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) can be used as an effective alternative in vivo model for investigating hypnozoite-induced relapsing infection caused by Plasmodium cynomolgi B strain, and that this model is comparable to the rhesus macaque model. Two female Japanese macaques (JM-1 and JM-2; aged 5 years; weighing about 4.0 kg) were used for the experiment. To produce sporozoites in mosquitoes, blood infected with P. cynomolgi B strain was collected from the donor monkey JM-1 and fed to approximately 200 mosquitoes using the standard artificial membrane feeding method. The isolated sporozoites (2 × 105) were intravenously inoculated into the JM-2 monkey, and the blood stage of the parasite was detected on day 8 after the infection. Chloroquine sulfate (CQ) was intramuscularly administered at a dosage of 6.0 mg/kg into the JM-2 monkey for 6 consecutive days from day 12 onward, after which the parasites disappeared from the peripheral blood. The first relapse occurred on day 26, which was treated again with CQ. Then, the second relapse occurred on day 44, which was cured by CQ treatment followed by the administration of primaquine phosphate (PQ) at a dosage of 1.0 mg/kg/day for 15 days. The JM-2 monkey was observed until 69 days after PQ administration, and there was no relapse during the entire follow-up period. We propose that the Japanese macaque model could contribute not only to drug screening for anti-hypnozoite activity, but could also be used as a powerful tool for investigating hypnozoite biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satoru Kawai
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan.
| | - Takeshi Annoura
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tamasa Araki
- Department of Parasitology, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yumiko Shiogama
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Vaccine Research, Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Shogo Soma
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Vaccine Research, Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Jun-Ichiro Takano
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Vaccine Research, Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Marcello Otake Sato
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Yasuhiro Yasutomi
- Laboratory of Immunoregulation and Vaccine Research, Tsukuba Primate Research Center, National Institute of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Yuichi Chigusa
- Department of Tropical Medicine and Parasitology, Dokkyo Medical University, Mibu, Tochigi, Japan
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28
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Yoshida T, Yamasaki S, Kaneko O, Taoka N, Tomimoto Y, Namatame I, Yahata T, Kuromitsu S, Cantley LC, Lyssiotis CA. A covalent small molecule inhibitor of glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase 1 impairs pancreatic cancer growth. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 522:633-638. [PMID: 31787239 PMCID: PMC6981064 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2019.11.130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/19/2019] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Metabolic programs are rewired in cancer cells to support survival and tumor growth. Among these, recent studies have demonstrated that glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase 1 (GOT1) plays key roles in maintaining redox homeostasis and proliferation of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDA). This suggests that small molecule inhibitors of GOT1 could have utility for the treatment of PDA. However, the development of GOT1 inhibitors has been challenging, and no compound has yet demonstrated selectivity for GOT1-dependent cell metabolism or selective growth inhibition of PDA cell lines. In contrast, potent inhibitors that covalently bind to the transaminase cofactor pyridoxal-5'-phosphate (PLP), within the active site of the enzyme, have been reported for kynurenine aminotransferase (KAT) and gamma-aminobutyric acid aminotransferase (GABA-AT). Given the drug discovery successes with these transaminases, we aimed to identify PLP-dependent suicide substrate-type GOT1 inhibitors. Here, we demonstrate that PF-04859989, a known KAT2 inhibitor, has PLP-dependent inhibitory activity against GOT1 and shows selective growth inhibition of PDA cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Yoshida
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan
| | - Shingo Yamasaki
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan
| | - Naofumi Taoka
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan
| | - Yusuke Tomimoto
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan
| | - Ichiji Namatame
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan
| | - Toshiko Yahata
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan
| | - Sadao Kuromitsu
- Drug Discovery Research, Astellas Pharma Inc., 21 Miyukigaoka, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki, 305-8585, Japan
| | - Lewis C Cantley
- Meyer Cancer Center, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, 10065, United States
| | - Costas A Lyssiotis
- Department of Molecular and Integrative Physiology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States; Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Gastroenterology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States; Rogel Cancer Center, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, United States.
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29
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Ishizaki T, Chaiyawong N, Hakimi H, Asada M, Tachibana M, Ishino T, Yahata K, Kaneko O. A novel Plasmodium yoelii pseudokinase, PypPK1, is involved in erythrocyte invasion and exflagellation center formation. Parasitol Int 2020; 76:102056. [PMID: 31953169 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2020.102056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 01/12/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Malaria parasites proliferate by repeated invasion of and multiplication within erythrocytes in the vertebrate host. Sexually committed intraerythrocytic parasites undergo sexual stage differentiation to become gametocytes. After ingestion by the mosquito, male and female gametocytes egress from erythrocytes and fertilize within the mosquito midgut. A complex signaling pathway likely responds to environmental events to trigger gametogenesis and regulate fertilization; however, such knowledge remains limited for malaria parasites. Several pseudokinases are highly transcribed at the gametocyte stage and are possible multi-functional regulators controlling critical steps of the life cycle. Here we characterized one pseudokinase, termed PypPK1, in Plasmodium yoelii that is highly expressed in schizonts and male gametocytes. Immunofluorescence assays for parasites expressing Myc-tagged PypPK1 confirmed that PypPK1 protein is expressed in schizonts and sexual stage parasites. Transgenic ΔpPK1 parasites, in which the PypPK1 gene locus was deleted by the CRISPR/Cas9 method, showed significant growth defect and reduced virulence in mice. In the blood stage, ΔpPK1 parasites were able to egress from erythrocytes similar to wild type parasites; however, erythrocyte invasion efficacy was significantly reduced. During sexual stage development, no clear changes were seen in male and female gametocytemias as well as gametocyte egress from erythrocytes; but, the number of exflagellation centers and oocysts were significantly reduced in ΔpPK1 parasites. Taken together, PypPK1 has an important role for both erythrocyte invasion and exflagellation center formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahiro Ishizaki
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Nattawat Chaiyawong
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Hassan Hakimi
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Masahito Asada
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Mayumi Tachibana
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Tomoko Ishino
- Division of Molecular Parasitology, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Toon, Ehime 791-0295, Japan.
| | - Kazuhide Yahata
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
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30
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Thawnashom K, Kaneko M, Xangsayarath P, Chaiyawong N, Yahata K, Asada M, Adams JH, Kaneko O. Validation of Plasmodium vivax centromere and promoter activities using Plasmodium yoelii. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0226884. [PMID: 31860644 PMCID: PMC6924662 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0226884] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/06/2019] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmodium vivax is the leading cause of malaria outside Africa and represents a significant health and economic burden on affected countries. A major obstacle for P. vivax eradication is the dormant hypnozoite liver stage that causes relapse infections and the limited antimalarial drugs that clear this stage. Advances in studying the hypnozoite and other unique biological aspects of this parasite are hampered by the lack of a continuous in vitro laboratory culture system and poor availability of molecular tools for genetic manipulation. In this study, we aim to develop molecular tools that can be used for genetic manipulation of P. vivax. A putative P. vivax centromere sequence (PvCEN) was cloned and episomal centromere based plasmids expressing a GFP marker were constructed. Centromere activity was evaluated using a rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii. A plasmid carrying PvCEN was stably maintained in asexual-stage parasites in the absence of drug pressure, and approximately 45% of the parasites retained the plasmid four weeks later. The same retention rate was observed in parasites possessing a native P. yoelii centromere (PyCEN)-based control plasmid. The segregation efficiency of the plasmid per nuclear division was > 99% in PvCEN parasites, compared to ~90% in a control parasite harboring a plasmid without a centromere. In addition, we observed a clear GFP signal in both oocysts and salivary gland sporozoites isolated from mosquitoes. In blood-stage parasites after liver stage development, GFP positivity in PvCEN parasites was comparable to control PyCEN parasites. Thus, PvCEN plasmids were maintained throughout the parasite life cycle. We also validated several P. vivax promoter activities and showed that hsp70 promoter (~1 kb) was active throughout the parasite life cycle. This is the first data for the functional characterization of a P. vivax centromere that can be used in future P. vivax biological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kittisak Thawnashom
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Medical Technology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Naresuan University, Mueang, Phitsanulok, Thailand
| | - Miho Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Phonepadith Xangsayarath
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Nattawat Chaiyawong
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
- Leading Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Kazuhide Yahata
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahito Asada
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
- Leading Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - John H. Adams
- Center for Global Health and Infectious Diseases Research, College of Public Health, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida, United States of America
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
- Leading Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
- * E-mail:
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31
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Kandel RC, Shrestha M, Sadaula A, Kc M, Maharjan J, Solanki GS, Chalise MK, Asada M, Kaneko O, Poudel RC, Pandey K. First report of malaria parasites in water buffalo in Nepal. Vet Parasitol Reg Stud Reports 2019; 18:100348. [PMID: 31796186 DOI: 10.1016/j.vprsr.2019.100348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
We present the first molecular-based report on ungulate malaria parasites from water buffalo in Nepal. Fifty-six blood samples were collected from different groups of water buffalo (wild, feral, and domestic) and PCR assays were conducted using Plasmodium spp. cytb specific primers. Two positive cases were detected, one each from feral and domestic individuals. Complete mitochondrial genome sequence (5987 bp) was obtained and examined for nucleotide variations. Sequence analysis revealed identity with type II water buffalo malaria parasites, reported previously, with one A to T nucleotide difference at position 5344. Prevalence, as well as possible economic impacts of water buffalo malaria, should be determined on a wider set of samples from buffalo across Nepal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ram Chandra Kandel
- Department of National Parks and Wildlife Conservation, Ministry of Forest and Environment, Government of Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal
| | - Mitesh Shrestha
- Molecular Biotechnology Unit, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Amir Sadaula
- Biodiversity Conservation Center, National Trust for Nature Conservation- Chitwan, Nepal
| | - Medha Kc
- Molecular Biotechnology Unit, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), Lalitpur, Nepal
| | - Jyoti Maharjan
- Molecular Biotechnology Unit, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), Lalitpur, Nepal
| | | | | | - Masahito Asada
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ram Chandra Poudel
- Molecular Biotechnology Unit, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), Lalitpur, Nepal.
| | - Kishor Pandey
- Molecular Biotechnology Unit, Nepal Academy of Science and Technology (NAST), Lalitpur, Nepal.
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Morita M, Hayashi K, Sato A, Hiramoto A, Kaneko O, Isogawa R, Kurosaki Y, Miyoshi SI, Chang KS, Wataya Y, Kim HS. Genomic and biological features of Plasmodium falciparum resistance against antimalarial endoperoxide N-89. Gene 2019; 716:144016. [PMID: 31377318 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2019.144016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2019] [Accepted: 07/25/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Drug resistance of malaria parasites remains a problem affecting antimalarial treatment and control of the disease. We previously synthesized an antimalarial endoperoxide, N-89, having high antimalarial effects in vitro and in vivo. In this study we seek to understand the resistant mechanism against N-89 by establishing a highly N-89-resistant clone, named NRC10H, of the Plasmodium falciparum FCR-3 strain. We describe gene mutations in the parent FCR-3 strain and the NRC10H clone using whole-genome sequencing and subsequently by expression profiling using quantitative real-time PCR. Seven genes related to drug resistance, proteolysis, glycophosphatidylinositol anchor biosynthesis, and phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthesis exhibited a single amino acid substitution in the NRC10H clone. Among these seven genes, the multidrug resistance protein 2 (mdr2) variant A532S was found only in NRC10H. The genetic status of the P. falciparum endoplasmic reticulum-resident calcium binding protein (PfERC), a potential target of N-89, was similar between the NRC10H clone and the parent FCR-3 strain. These findings suggest that the genetic alterations of the identified seven genes, in particular mdr2, in NRC10H could give rise to resistance of the antimalarial endoperoxide N-89.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masayuki Morita
- Division of International Infectious Diseases Control, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Division of Malaria Research, Proteo-Science Center, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Ehime 790-8577, Japan
| | - Kosuke Hayashi
- Division of International Infectious Diseases Control, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Akira Sato
- Division of International Infectious Diseases Control, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba 278-8510, Japan
| | - Akiko Hiramoto
- Division of International Infectious Diseases Control, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8423, Japan
| | - Rena Isogawa
- Division of International Infectious Diseases Control, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Yuji Kurosaki
- Department of Pharmaceutical Formulation Design, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Shin-Ichi Miyoshi
- Department of Sanitary Microbiology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kyung-Soo Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, College of Health Sciences, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea
| | - Yusuke Wataya
- Division of International Infectious Diseases Control, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Hye-Sook Kim
- Division of International Infectious Diseases Control, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan.
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Chitama BYA, Miyazaki S, Zhu X, Kagaya W, Yahata K, Kaneko O. Multiple charged amino acids of Plasmodium falciparum SURFIN4.1 N-terminal region are important for efficient export to the red blood cell. Parasitol Int 2019; 71:186-193. [DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2019.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Hakimi H, Sarani A, Takeda M, Kaneko O, Asada M. Epidemiology, risk factors, and co-infection of vector-borne pathogens in goats from Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0218609. [PMID: 31220153 PMCID: PMC6586321 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0218609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Several vector-borne pathogens restrict livestock farming and have significant economic impact worldwide. In endemic areas livestock are exposed to different tick species carrying various pathogens which could result in co-infection with several tick-borne pathogens in a single host. Although the co-infection of and the interaction among pathogens are critical factors to determine the disease outcome, pathogen interactions in the vector and the host are poorly understood. In this study, we surveyed the presence of Babesia ovis, Theileria ovis, Theileria lestoquardi, Anaplasma ovis, Anaplasma phagocytophilum, and Anaplasma marginale in 200 goats from 3 different districts in Sistan and Baluchestan province, Iran. Species-specific diagnostic PCRs and sequence analysis revealed that 1.5%, 12.5%, and 80% of samples were positive for T. lestoquardi, T. ovis, and A. ovis, respectively. Co-infections of goats with up to 3 pathogens were seen in 22% of the samples. We detected a significant association between T. ovis infection and age, T. ovis infection and location (Zabol), and A. ovis infection and location (Sarbaz) by multivariate logistic regression analysis. In addition, by analyzing the data with respect to Plasmodium caprae infection in these goats, a negative correlation was found between P. caprae and A. ovis infection. This study contributes to understanding the epidemiology of vector-borne pathogens and their interplay in goats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hassan Hakimi
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ali Sarani
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Zabol, Veterinary Faculty, Zabol, Iran
| | - Mika Takeda
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Masahito Asada
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- * E-mail:
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Ishikawa T, Mizuta S, Kaneko O, Yahata K. Fragment Molecular Orbital Study of the Interaction between Sarco/Endoplasmic Reticulum Ca 2+-ATPase and its Inhibitor Thapsigargin toward Anti-Malarial Development. J Phys Chem B 2018; 122:7970-7977. [PMID: 30067362 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.8b04509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium falciparum, the causative agent of malignant malaria, is insensitive to thapsigargin (TG), a well-known inhibitor of the human sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase (SERCA). To understand the key factor causing the difference of the sensitivity, the molecular interaction of TG and each SERCA was analyzed by the fragment molecular orbital (FMO) method. While the major component of the interaction energy was the nonpolar interaction, the major difference in the molecular interaction arose from the polar interaction, namely, the hydrogen bonding interaction with a hydroxyl group of TG. Additionally, we successfully confirmed these FMO calculation results by measuring the inhibitory activity of a synthesized TG derivative. Our calculations and experiments indicated that, by replacing the hydroxyl group of TG with another functional group, the sensitivities of TG to human and P. falciparum SERCAs can be reversed. This study provides important information to develop antimalarial compounds targeting P. falciparum SERCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takeshi Ishikawa
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences , Nagasaki University , 1-12-4 Sakamoto , Nagasaki 852-8523 , Japan.,Leading Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences , Nagasaki University , 1-12-4 Sakamoto , Nagasaki 852-8523 , Japan
| | - Satoshi Mizuta
- Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences , Nagasaki University , 1-12-4 Sakamoto , Nagasaki 852-8523 , Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Leading Program, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences , Nagasaki University , 1-12-4 Sakamoto , Nagasaki 852-8523 , Japan.,Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN) , Nagasaki University , 1-12-4 Sakamoto , Nagasaki 852-8523 , Japan
| | - Kazuhide Yahata
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN) , Nagasaki University , 1-12-4 Sakamoto , Nagasaki 852-8523 , Japan
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Kegawa Y, Asada M, Ishizaki T, Yahata K, Kaneko O. Critical role of Erythrocyte Binding-Like protein of the rodent malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii to establish an irreversible connection with the erythrocyte during invasion. Parasitol Int 2018; 67:706-714. [PMID: 30025976 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2018.07.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 07/13/2018] [Accepted: 07/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodium malaria parasites multiply within erythrocytes and possess a repertoire of proteins whose function is to recognize and invade these vertebrate host cells. One such protein involved in erythrocyte invasion is the micronemal protein, Erythrocyte Binding-Like (EBL), which has been studied as a potential target of vaccine development in Plasmodium vivax (PvDBP) and Plasmodium falciparum (EBA-175). In the rodent malaria parasite model Plasmodium yoelii, specific substitutions in the EBL regions responsible for intracellular trafficking (17XL parasite line) or receptor recognition (17X1.1pp. parasite line), paradoxically increase invasion ability and virulence rather than abolish EBL function. Attempts to disrupt the ebl gene locus in the 17XL and 17XNL lines were unsuccessful, suggesting EBL essentiality. To understand the mechanisms behind these potentially conflicting outcomes, we generated 17XL-based transfectants in which ebl expression is suppressed with anhydrotetracycline (ATc) and investigated merozoite behavior during erythrocyte invasion. In the absence of ATc, EBL was secreted to the merozoite surface, whereas following ATc administration parasitemia was negligible in vivo. Merozoites lacking EBL were unable to invade erythrocytes in vitro, indicating that EBL has a critical role for erythrocyte invasion. Quantitative time-lapse imaging revealed that with ATc administration a significant number of merozoites were detached from the erythrocyte after the erythrocyte deformation event and no echinocytosis was observed, indicating that EBL is required for merozoites to establish an irreversible connection with erythrocytes during invasion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuto Kegawa
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Masahito Asada
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Takahiro Ishizaki
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Kazuhide Yahata
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Communicable Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
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Muh F, Ahmed MA, Han JH, Nyunt MH, Lee SK, Lau YL, Kaneko O, Han ET. Cross-species analysis of apical asparagine-rich protein of Plasmodium vivax and Plasmodium knowlesi. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5781. [PMID: 29636493 PMCID: PMC5893618 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23728-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 03/01/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The Plasmodium falciparum apical asparagine (Asn)-rich protein (AARP) is one of malarial proteins, and it has been studied as a candidate of malaria subunit vaccine. Basic characterization of PvAARP has been performed with a focus on its immunogenicity and localization. In this study, we further analyzed the immunogenicity of PvAARP, focusing on the longevity of the antibody response, cross-species immunity and invasion inhibitory activity by using the primate malaria parasite Plasmodium knowlesi. We found that vivax malaria patient sera retained anti-PvAARP antibodies for at least one year without re-infection. Recombinant PvAARP protein was strongly recognized by knowlesi malaria patients. Antibody raised against the P. vivax and P. knowlesi AARP N-termini reacted with the apical side of the P. knowlesi merozoites and inhibited erythrocyte invasion by P. knowlesi in a concentration-dependent manner, thereby suggesting a cross-species nature of anti-PvAARP antibody against PkAARP. These results can be explained by B cell epitopes predicted in conserved surface-exposed regions of the AARP N-terminus in both species. The long-lived anti-PvAARP antibody response, cross-reactivity, and invasion inhibitory activity of anti-PvAARP support a critical role of AARP during the erythrocyte invasion and suggest that PvAARP induces long-lived cross-species protective immunity against P. vivax and P. knowlesi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fauzi Muh
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Atique Ahmed
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin-Hee Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Myat Htut Nyunt
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Research, Yangon, Myanmar
| | - Seong-Kyun Lee
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yee Ling Lau
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, Sakamoto, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Eun-Taek Han
- Department of Medical Environmental Biology and Tropical Medicine, School of Medicine, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, Republic of Korea.
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Kijogi C, Kimura D, Bao LQ, Nakamura R, Chadeka EA, Cheruiyot NB, Bahati F, Yahata K, Kaneko O, Njenga SM, Ichinose Y, Hamano S, Yui K. Modulation of immune responses by Plasmodium falciparum infection in asymptomatic children living in the endemic region of Mbita, western Kenya. Parasitol Int 2018; 67:284-293. [PMID: 29353010 DOI: 10.1016/j.parint.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2017] [Revised: 01/06/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Individuals living in malaria endemic areas become clinically immune after multiple re-infections over time and remain infected without apparent symptoms. However, it is unclear why a long period is required to gain clinical immunity to malaria, and how such immunity is maintained. Although malaria infection is reported to induce inhibition of immune responses, studies on asymptomatic individuals living in endemic regions of malaria are relatively scarce. We conducted a cross-sectional study of immune responses in asymptomatic school children aged 4-16years living in an area where Plasmodium falciparum and Schistosoma mansoni infections are co-endemic in Kenya. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were subjected to flow cytometric analysis and cultured to determine proliferative responses and cytokine production. The proportions of cellular subsets in children positive for P. falciparum infection at the level of microscopy were comparable to the negative children, except for a reduction in central memory-phenotype CD8+ T cells and natural killer cells. In functional studies, the production of cytokines by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in response to P. falciparum crude antigens exhibited strong heterogeneity among children. In addition, production of IL-2 in response to anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies was significantly reduced in P. falciparum-positive children as compared to -negative children, suggesting a state of unresponsiveness. These data suggest that the quality of T cell immune responses is heterogeneous among asymptomatic children living in the endemic region of P. falciparum, and that the responses are generally suppressed by active infection with Plasmodium parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caroline Kijogi
- Division of Immunology, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Daisuke Kimura
- Division of Immunology, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Lam Quoc Bao
- Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University
| | - Risa Nakamura
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University
| | - Evans Asena Chadeka
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University; Nagasaki University Kenya Research Station, NUITM-KEMRI Project, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Ngetich Benard Cheruiyot
- The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University; Nagasaki University Kenya Research Station, NUITM-KEMRI Project, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Felix Bahati
- The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University; Nagasaki University Kenya Research Station, NUITM-KEMRI Project, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Kazuhide Yahata
- The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University; Department of Protozoology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan
| | - Sammy M Njenga
- Eastern and Southern Africa Centre of International Parasite Control (ESACIPAC), Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Yoshio Ichinose
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University; Nagasaki University Kenya Research Station, NUITM-KEMRI Project, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Shinjiro Hamano
- Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Department of Parasitology, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; The Joint Usage/Research Center on Tropical Disease, Institute of Tropical Medicine (NEKKEN), Nagasaki University; Nagasaki University Kenya Research Station, NUITM-KEMRI Project, Nairobi, Kenya
| | - Katsuyuki Yui
- Division of Immunology, Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan; Program for Nurturing Global Leaders in Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8523, Japan.
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Abkallo HM, Martinelli A, Inoue M, Ramaprasad A, Xangsayarath P, Gitaka J, Tang J, Yahata K, Zoungrana A, Mitaka H, Acharjee A, Datta PP, Hunt P, Carter R, Kaneko O, Mustonen V, Illingworth CJR, Pain A, Culleton R. Rapid identification of genes controlling virulence and immunity in malaria parasites. PLoS Pathog 2017; 13:e1006447. [PMID: 28704525 PMCID: PMC5507557 DOI: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1006447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 06/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Identifying the genetic determinants of phenotypes that impact disease severity is of fundamental importance for the design of new interventions against malaria. Here we present a rapid genome-wide approach capable of identifying multiple genetic drivers of medically relevant phenotypes within malaria parasites via a single experiment at single gene or allele resolution. In a proof of principle study, we found that a previously undescribed single nucleotide polymorphism in the binding domain of the erythrocyte binding like protein (EBL) conferred a dramatic change in red blood cell invasion in mutant rodent malaria parasites Plasmodium yoelii. In the same experiment, we implicated merozoite surface protein 1 (MSP1) and other polymorphic proteins, as the major targets of strain-specific immunity. Using allelic replacement, we provide functional validation of the substitution in the EBL gene controlling the growth rate in the blood stages of the parasites. Developing a greater understanding of malaria genetics is a key step in combating the threat posed by the disease. Here we use a novel approach to study two important properties of the parasite; the rate at which parasites grow within a single host, and the means by which parasites are affected by the host immune system. Two malaria strains with different biological properties were crossed in mosquitoes to produce a hybrid population, which was then grown in naïve and vaccinated mice. Parasites with genes conveying increased growth or immune evasion are favoured under natural selection, leaving a signature on the genetic composition of the cross population. We describe a novel mathematical approach to interpret this signature, identifying selected genes within the parasite population. We discover new genetic variants conveying increased within-host growth and resistance to host immunity in a mouse malaria strain. Experimental validation highlights the ability of this rapid experimental process for generating insights into malaria biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussein M. Abkallo
- Malaria Unit, Department of Pathology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Axel Martinelli
- Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Megumi Inoue
- Malaria Unit, Department of Pathology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Abhinay Ramaprasad
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Phonepadith Xangsayarath
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Protozooolgy, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Jesse Gitaka
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Protozooolgy, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Centre for Malaria Elimination, School of Medicine, Mount Kenya University, Thika, Kenya
| | - Jianxia Tang
- Key Laboratory of National Health and Family Planning Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector Control Technology, Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kazuhide Yahata
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Protozooolgy, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Augustin Zoungrana
- Malaria Unit, Department of Pathology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Hayato Mitaka
- Malaria Unit, Department of Pathology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Arita Acharjee
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur - 741 246, West Bengal, India
| | - Partha P. Datta
- Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur - 741 246, West Bengal, India
| | - Paul Hunt
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Richard Carter
- Institute of Immunology and Infection Research, School of Biological Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, United Kingdom
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- Department of Protozooolgy, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
| | - Ville Mustonen
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | - Christopher J. R. Illingworth
- Department of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, United Kingdom
- * E-mail: (CJRI); (AP); (RC)
| | - Arnab Pain
- Global Station for Zoonosis Control, Global Institution for Collaborative Research and Education (GI-CoRE), Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering (BESE) Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- * E-mail: (CJRI); (AP); (RC)
| | - Richard Culleton
- Malaria Unit, Department of Pathology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan
- * E-mail: (CJRI); (AP); (RC)
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Watanabe S, Ohnishi T, Yuasa A, Kiyota H, Iwata S, Kaku M, Watanabe A, Sato J, Hanaki H, Manabe M, Suzuki T, Otsuka F, Aihara M, Iozumi K, Tamaki T, Funada Y, Shinozaki M, Kobayashi M, Okuda M, Kikyo G, Kikuchi K, Okada Y, Takeshima M, Kaneko O, Ogawa N, Ito R, Okuyama R, Shimada S, Shimizu T, Hatta N, Manabu M, Tsutsui K, Tanaka T, Miyachi Y, Asada H, Furukawa F, Kurokawa I, Iwatsuki K, Hide M, Muto M, Yamamoto O, Niihara H, Takagaki K, Kubota Y, Sayama K, Sano S, Furue M, Kanekura T. The first nationwide surveillance of antibacterial susceptibility patterns of pathogens isolated from skin and soft-tissue infections in dermatology departments in Japan. J Infect Chemother 2017. [PMID: 28645883 DOI: 10.1016/j.jiac.2017.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the trends of antimicrobial resistance in pathogens isolated from skin and soft-tissue infections (SSTI) at dermatology departments in Japan, a Japanese surveillance committee conducted the first nationwide survey in 2013. Three main organisms were collected from SSTI at 30 dermatology departments in medical centers and 10 dermatology clinics. A total of 860 strains - 579 of Staphylococcus aureus, 240 of coagulase-negative Staphylococci, and 41 of Streptococcus pyogenes - were collected and shipped to a central laboratory for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. The patient profiles were also studied. Among all 579 strains of S. aureus, 141 (24.4%) were methicillin-resistant (MRSA). Among 97 Staphylococcus epidermidis strains, 54 (55.7%) were methicillin-resistant (MRSE). MRSA and MRSE were more frequently isolated from inpatients than from outpatients. Furthermore, these methicillin-resistant strains were also isolated more frequently from patients with histories of taking antibiotics within 4 weeks and hospitalization within 1 year compared to those without. However, there were no significant differences in MIC values and susceptibility patterns of the MRSA strains between patients with a history of hospitalization within 1 year and those without. Therefore, most of the isolated MRSA cases at dermatology departments are not healthcare-acquired, but community-acquired MRSA. S. pyogenes strains were susceptible to most antibiotics except macrolides. The information in this study is not only important in terms of local public health but will also contribute to an understanding of epidemic clones of pathogens from SSTI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shinichi Watanabe
- Dermatological Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Disease (JAID) and The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Takamitsu Ohnishi
- Dermatological Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Disease (JAID) and The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan; Department of Dermatology, Teikyo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Yuasa
- Dermatological Sub-committee and the Surveillance Committee of Japanese Society of Chemotherapy (JSC), The Japanese Association for Infectious Disease (JAID) and The Japanese Society for Clinical Microbiology (JSCM), Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Kiyota
- The Surveillance Committee of JSC, JAID and JSCM, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Satoshi Iwata
- The Surveillance Committee of JSC, JAID and JSCM, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Kaku
- The Surveillance Committee of JSC, JAID and JSCM, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Akira Watanabe
- The Surveillance Committee of JSC, JAID and JSCM, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Junko Sato
- The Surveillance Committee of JSC, JAID and JSCM, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hideaki Hanaki
- Infection Control Laboratory & Infection Control Research Center, Kitasato University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Motomu Manabe
- Department of Dermatology and Plastic Surgery, Akita University, Graduate School of Medicine and Faculty of Medicine, Akita, Japan
| | - Tamio Suzuki
- Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan
| | - Fujio Otsuka
- Department of Dermatology, Center for Medical Education and Training, University of Tsukuba Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan
| | - Michiko Aihara
- Department of Environmental Immuno-Dermatology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Ken Iozumi
- Department of Dermatology, Tokyo Metropolitan Police Hospital, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Takeshi Tamaki
- Department of Dermatology, Center Hospital of the National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | - Go Kikyo
- Go Dermatology Clinic, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Rie Ito
- Department of Dermatology, Saitama Cooperative Hospital, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Okuyama
- Department of Dermatology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, Nagano, Japan
| | - Shinji Shimada
- Department of Dermatology, University of Yamanashi Hospital, Yamanashi, Japan
| | - Tadamichi Shimizu
- Department of Dermatology, Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, Toyama, Japan
| | - Naohito Hatta
- Department of Dermatology, Toyama Prefectural Central Hospital, Toyama, Japan
| | - Maeda Manabu
- Department of Dermatology, Gifu Prefectural General Medical Center, Gifu, Japan
| | - Kiyohiro Tsutsui
- Department of Dermatology, Ishikawa Prefectural Central Hospital, Ishikawa, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Tanaka
- Department of Dermatology, Shiga University of Medical Science, Shiga, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Miyachi
- Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Hideo Asada
- Department of Dermatology, Nara Medical University Hospital, Nara, Japan
| | - Fukumi Furukawa
- Department of Dermatology, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan
| | | | - Keiji Iwatsuki
- Department of Dermatology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, Japan
| | - Michihiro Hide
- Department of Dermatology, Institute of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Masahiko Muto
- Department of Dermatology, Yamaguchi University, Graduate School of Medicine, Yamaguchi, Japan
| | - Osamu Yamamoto
- Department of Dermatology, Tottori University Hospital, Tottori, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Niihara
- Department of Dermatology, Shimane University Hospital, Shimane, Japan
| | - Kenji Takagaki
- Department of Dermatology, Shimane Prefectural Central Hospital, Shimane, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kubota
- Department of Dermatology, Kagawa University Hospital, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Sayama
- Department of Dermatology, Ehime University Graduate School of Medicine, Ehime, Japan
| | - Shigetoshi Sano
- Department of Dermatology, Kochi Medical School Hospital, Kochi, Japan
| | - Masutaka Furue
- Department of Dermatology, Kyushu University, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - Takuro Kanekura
- Department of Dermatology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
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Nishimura K, Matsuoka K, Fujiwara M, Yamazaki K, Todoroki J, Kamimura T, Amano T, Sanuki H, Okamura S, Hosokawa M, Yamada H, Tanahashi S, Kubo S, Takita Y, Shoji T, Kaneko O, Iguchi H, Takahashi C. Compact Helical System Physics and Engineering Design. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst90-a29173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Kiyohiko Nishimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Keisuke Matsuoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Masami Fujiwara
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Kozo Yamazaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Jiro Todoroki
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Kamimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Tsuneo Amano
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Heiji Sanuki
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Shoichi Okamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Minoru Hosokawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Shugo Tanahashi
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Shin Kubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Takita
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Tatsuo Shoji
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Harukazu Iguchi
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
| | - Chihiro Takahashi
- National Institute for Fusion Science Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-01, Japan
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42
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Komori A, Morisaki T, Mutoh T, Sakakibara S, Takeiri Y, Kumazawa R, Kubo S, Ida K, Morita S, Narihara K, Shimozuma T, Tanaka K, Watanabe KY, Yamada H, Yoshinuma M, Akiyama T, Ashikawa N, Emoto M, Funaba H, Goto M, Ido T, Ikeda K, Inagaki S, Isobe M, Igami H, Itoh K, Kaneko O, Kawahata K, Kobuchi T, Masuzaki S, Matsuoka K, Minami T, Miyazawa J, Muto S, Nagayama Y, Nakamura Y, Nakanishi H, Narushima Y, Nishimura K, Nishiura M, Nishizawa A, Noda N, Ohdachi S, Oka Y, Osakabe M, Ohyabu N, Ozaki T, Peterson BJ, Sagara A, Saito K, Sakamoto R, Sato K, Sato M, Seki T, Shoji M, Sudo S, Tamura N, Toi K, Tokuzawa T, Tsumori K, Uda T, Watari T, Yamada I, Yokoyama M, Yoshimura Y, Motojima O, Beidler CD, Fujita T, Isayama A, Sakamoto Y, Takenaga H, Goncharov P, Ishii K, Sakamoto M, Murakami S, Notake T, Takeuchi N, Okajima S, Sasao M. Overview of Progress in LHD Experiments. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst06-a1229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Komori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Morisaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mutoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Sakakibara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Kumazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Kubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Morita
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Narihara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Shimozuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tanaka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Y. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yoshinuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Akiyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ashikawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Emoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Goto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Ido
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Inagaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Isobe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Igami
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Itoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Kawahata
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Kobuchi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Masuzaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Matsuoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Minami
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - J. Miyazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Muto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nagayama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nakamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Nakanishi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Narushima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nishimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Nishiura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Nishizawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Noda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Ohdachi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Oka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ohyabu
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Ozaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - B. J. Peterson
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Sagara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Saito
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Sakamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Sato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Sato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Seki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Shoji
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Sudo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Tamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Toi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Tokuzawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Uda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Watari
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - I. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yokoyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Yoshimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Motojima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - C. D. Beidler
- Max-Planck Institut fuer Plasmaphysik, Greifswald D-17491, Germany
| | - T. Fujita
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - A. Isayama
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - Y. Sakamoto
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - H. Takenaga
- Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute, Naka 311-0193, Japan
| | - P. Goncharov
- Graduate University for Advanced Studies, School of Mathematical and Physical Science Department of Fusion Science, Hayama 240-0193, Japan
| | - K. Ishii
- Kyushu University, Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - M. Sakamoto
- Kyushu University, Research Institute for Applied Mechanics Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - S. Murakami
- Kyoto University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - T. Notake
- Nagoya University, Department of Energy Engineering and Science Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - N. Takeuchi
- Nagoya University, Department of Energy Engineering and Science Nagoya 464-8603, Japan
| | - S. Okajima
- Chubu University, Kasugai, Aichi 487-8501, Japan
| | - M. Sasao
- Tohoku University, Graduate School of Engineering, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
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Yamada H, Ida K, Murakami S, Watanabe KY, Ascasibar E, Brakel R, Dinklage A, Harris JH, Okamura S, Sano F, Stroth U, Inagaki S, Tanaka K, Goto M, Nishimura K, Narihara K, Morita S, Sakakibara S, Peterson BJ, Sakamoto R, Miyazawa J, Morisaki T, Osakabe M, Toi K, Tamura N, Ikeda K, Yamazaki K, Kawahata K, Kaneko O, Ohyabu N, Komori A, Motojima O. Configuration Effect on Energy Confinement and Local Transport in LHD and Contribution to the International Stellarator Database. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst04-a543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Murakami
- Kyoto University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - K. Y. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | | | - R. Brakel
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, D-17941 Greifswald, Germany
| | - A. Dinklage
- Max-Planck-Institut für Plasmaphysik, D-17941 Greifswald, Germany
| | - J. H. Harris
- Australian National University, Plasma Research Laboratory, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia
| | - S. Okamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - F. Sano
- Kyoto University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - U. Stroth
- University of Kiel, Institute of Experimental and Applied Physics, 24098 Kiel, Germany
| | - S. Inagaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tanaka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Goto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nishimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Narihara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Morita
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Sakakibara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - B. J. Peterson
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - R. Sakamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | | | - T. Morisaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Toi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Tamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Yamazaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Kawahata
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ohyabu
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Komori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Motojima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi Gifu-ken 509-5292, Japan
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Kumazawa R, Mutoh T, Saito K, Seki T, Kasahara H, Tokitani M, Masuzaki S, Ashikawa N, Nakamura Y, Kubo S, Shimozuma T, Yoshimura Y, Igami H, Takahashi H, Takeiri Y, Tsumori K, Osakabe M, Ikeda K, Nagaoka K, Kaneko O, Goto M, Sato K, Chikaraishi H, Ida K, Nagayama Y, Zhao Y, Kwak JG, Yoon JS. Progress in Steady-State Plasma Operation Using ICRF Heating on LHD. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst10-a10839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- R. Kumazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mutoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Saito
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Seki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Kasahara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Tokitani
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Masuzaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ashikawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nakamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Kubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Shimozuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Yoshimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Igami
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Takahashi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nagaoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Goto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Sato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Chikaraishi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nagayama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Zhao
- Institute of Plasma Physics, Chinese Academy of Science, Hefei 230031, China
| | - J. G. Kwak
- Korea Advanced Energy Research Institute, 150 Deogjin-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - J. S. Yoon
- Korea Advanced Energy Research Institute, 150 Deogjin-dong, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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Shimozuma T, Yokoyama M, Ida K, Takeiri Y, Kubo S, Murakami S, Wakasa A, Idei H, Yoshimura Y, Notake T, Inagaki S, Tamura N, Toi K, Ohyabu N, Osakabe M, Ikeda K, Tsumori K, Oka Y, Nagaoka K, Kaneko O, Yamada I, Narihara K, Nagayam Y, Muto S, Tanaka K, Tokuzawa T, Morita S, Goto M, Yoshinuma M, Funaba H, Morisaki T, Watanabe KY, Miyazawa J, Mutoh T, Watari T, Ohkubo K. Improvement of Plasma Core Confinement Via Electron-Root Realization by Strongly Focused ECRH in LHD: Core Electron-Root Confinement. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst10-a10791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Shimozuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yokoyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Kubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Murakami
- Kyoto University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - A. Wakasa
- Kyoto University, Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
| | - H. Idei
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - Y. Yoshimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Notake
- RIKEN, Tera-Photonics Laboratory, Aoba Sendai-City, Miyagi 980-0845, Japan
| | - S. Inagaki
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - N. Tamura
- Research Institute for Applied Mechanics, Kyushu University, Kasuga 816-8580, Japan
| | - K. Toi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Ohyabu
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Oka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nagaoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - I. Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Narihara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Nagayam
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Muto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tanaka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Tokuzawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Morita
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Goto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yoshinuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Morisaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Y. Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - J. Miyazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Mutoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Watari
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ohkubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
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46
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Takeiri Y, Kaneko O, Tsumori K, Osakabe M, Ikeda K, Nagaoka K, Nakano H, Asano E, Kondo T, Sato M, Shibuya M, Komada S. High Performance of Neutral Beam Injectors for Extension of LHD Operational Regime. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst10-a10834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Y. Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nagaoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Nakano
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - E. Asano
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Kondo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Sato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Shibuya
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Komada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki 509-5292, Japan
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47
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Mutoh T, Kumazawa R, Seki T, Saito K, Watari T, Torii Y, Takeuchi N, Shimpo F, Nomura G, Yokota M, Watanabe T, Osakabe M, Sasao M, Murakami S, Saida T, Okada H, Takase Y, Fukuyama A, Ashikawa N, Emoto M, Funaba H, Goncharov PR, Goto M, Hamada Y, Ida K, Idei H, Ikeda K, Imagawa S, Inagaki S, Isobe M, Kobuchi T, Kubo S, Masuzaki S, Matsuoka K, Minami T, Mito T, Miyazawa J, Morisaki T, Morita S, Muto S, Nagayama Y, Nakamura Y, Nakanishi H, Narihara K, Narushima Y, Nishimura K, Noda N, Notake T, Ohdachi S, Oka Y, Ozaki T, Peterson BJ, Sagara A, Sakakibara S, Sakamoto R, Sato K, Sato M, Shimozuma T, Shoji M, Suzuki H, Takeiri Y, Tamura N, Tanaka K, Toi K, Tokuzawa T, Tsumori K, Watanabe K, Yamada H, Yamada I, Yamazaki K, Yokoyama M, Yoshimura Y, Yoshinuma M, Kaneko O, Kawahata K, Ohyabu N, Ohkubo K, Komori A, Sudo S, Motojima O. Long-Pulse Operation and High-Energy Particle Confinement Study in ICRF Heating of LHD. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst04-a553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Mutoh
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Ryuhei Kumazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Seki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Kenji Saito
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Watari
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Yuki Torii
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Norio Takeuchi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Fujio Shimpo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Goro Nomura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Yokota
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Tsuguhiro Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Masaki Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Mamiko Sasao
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Sadayoshi Murakami
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Tomoya Saida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Okada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Yuichi Takase
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Atsushi Fukuyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Naoko Ashikawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Masahiko Emoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Hisamichi Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Pavel R. Goncharov
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Motoshi Goto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Yasuji Hamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Katsumi Ida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Idei
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Katsunori Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Shinsaku Imagawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Shigeru Inagaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Mitsutaka Isobe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Takashi Kobuchi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Shin Kubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Suguru Masuzaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Keisuke Matsuoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Takashi Minami
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Mito
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Jyunichi Miyazawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Tomohiro Morisaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Shigeru Morita
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Sadatsugu Muto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Yoshio Nagayama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Yukio Nakamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Hideya Nakanishi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Kazumichi Narihara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Narushima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Kiyohiko Nishimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Nobuaki Noda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Takashi Notake
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Satoshi Ohdachi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Yoshihide Oka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ozaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Byron J. Peterson
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Akio Sagara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Satoru Sakakibara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Sakamoto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Kuninori Sato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Motoyasu Sato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Takashi Shimozuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Mamoru Shoji
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Hajime Suzuki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Naoki Tamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Kenji Tanaka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Kazuo Toi
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Tokihiko Tokuzawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Katsuyoshi Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Kiyomasa Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Ichihiro Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Kozo Yamazaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yokoyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Yasuo Yoshimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Mikiro Yoshinuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kawahata
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Nobuyoshi Ohyabu
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Kunizo Ohkubo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Akio Komori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Shigeru Sudo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
| | - Osamu Motojima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi-cho, Toki-shi, Gifu-ken, 509-5292, Japan
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Yoshinuma M, Ida K, Yokoyama M, Osakabe M, Nagaoka K, Morita S, Goto M, Tamura N, Suzuki C, Yoshimura S, Funaba H, Takeiri Y, Ikeda K, Tsumori K, Kaneko O. Spontaneous Toroidal Flow and Impurity Hole in the High Ion Temperature Plasma on LHD. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst10-a10797] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M. Yoshinuma
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ida
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Yokoyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nagaoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Morita
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Goto
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - N. Tamura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - C. Suzuki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - S. Yoshimura
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
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49
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Tsumori K, Takeiri Y, Kaneko O, Osakabe M, Ando A, Ikeda K, Nagaoka K, Nakano H, Asano E, Shibuya M, Sato M, Kondo T, Komada M. Research and Development Activities on Negative Ion Sources. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst10-a10835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Tsumori
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Orosh-cho, Toki-city, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Y. Takeiri
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Orosh-cho, Toki-city, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - O. Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Orosh-cho, Toki-city, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Orosh-cho, Toki-city, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - A. Ando
- Tohoku University, Department of Electrical Engineering, 6-6-05 Aoba-yama, Aoba, Sendai 980-8579, Japan
| | - K. Ikeda
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Orosh-cho, Toki-city, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - K. Nagaoka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Orosh-cho, Toki-city, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - H. Nakano
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Orosh-cho, Toki-city, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - E. Asano
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Orosh-cho, Toki-city, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Shibuya
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Orosh-cho, Toki-city, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Sato
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Orosh-cho, Toki-city, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - T. Kondo
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Orosh-cho, Toki-city, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - M. Komada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Orosh-cho, Toki-city, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
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50
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Funaba H, Watanabe K, Sakakibara S, Yamada I, Tanaka K, Tokuzawa T, Osakabe M, Narushima Y, Nakajima N, Yokoyama M, Yamada H, Kaneko O, Kawahata K, Murakami S. Transport Analysis of High-Beta Plasmas on LHD. Fusion Science and Technology 2017. [DOI: 10.13182/fst07-a1294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hisamichi Funaba
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6, Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Kiyomasa Watanabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6, Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Satoru Sakakibara
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6, Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Ichihiro Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6, Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Kenji Tanaka
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6, Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Tokihiko Tokuzawa
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6, Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Masaki Osakabe
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6, Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Yoshiro Narushima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6, Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Noriyoshi Nakajima
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6, Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Masayuki Yokoyama
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6, Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Yamada
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6, Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Osamu Kaneko
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6, Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Kazuo Kawahata
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6, Oroshi-cho, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Sadayoshi Murakami
- Kyoto University Department of Nuclear Engineering, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan
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