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Campos LM, Lemos ASO, Diniz IOM, Carvalho LA, Silva TP, Dib PRB, Hottz ED, Chedier LM, Melo RCN, Fabri RL. Antifungal Annona muricata L. (soursop) extract targets the cell envelope of multi-drug resistant Candida albicans. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115856. [PMID: 36280018 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Annona muricata L. (soursop) is traditionally used in the treatment of inflammatory diseases, cancer, and infections caused by fungi. The therapeutic activity explored by its medicinal use is generally associated with its phytoconstituents, such as acetogenins and alkaloids. However, its potential antifungal bioactivity as well as its mechanism of action remains to be established. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the antifungal activity of the ethanolic extract of A. muricata leaves against multidrug-resistant Candida albicans (ATCC® 10231). MATERIAL AND METHODS Phytoconstituents were detected by UFLC-QTOF-MS. The minimum inhibitory concentration was determined, followed by the determination of the minimum fungicidal concentration. For planktonic cells, the growth curve and cell density were evaluated. Studies to understand the mechanism of action on the cell envelope involved crystal violet permeability, membrane extravasation, sorbitol protection, exogenous ergosterol binding assay, metabolic activity, and cell viability. Furthermore, mitochondrial membrane potential was assessed. RESULTS Our analyses demonstrated a significant inhibitory effect of A. muricata, with the ability to reduce fungal growth by 58% and cell density by 65%. The extract affected both the fungal plasma membrane and cell wall integrity, with significant reduction of the cell viability. Depolarization of the fungal mitochondrial membrane was observed after treatment with A. muricata. Rutin, xi-anomuricine, kaempferol-3O-rutinoside, nornuciferine, xylopine, atherosperminine, caffeic acid, asimilobine, s-norcorydine, loliolide, annohexocin, annomuricin, annopentocin, and sucrose were identified as extract bioactive components. CONCLUSIONS Our findings show that the A. muricata extract is a source of chemical diversity, which acts as a potential antifungal agent with promising application to the therapy of infections caused by C. albicans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara M Campos
- Bioactive Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Ari S O Lemos
- Bioactive Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Irley O M Diniz
- Bioactive Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas A Carvalho
- Bioactive Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Thiago P Silva
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Paula R B Dib
- Laboratory of Immunothrombosis, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Eugênio D Hottz
- Laboratory of Immunothrombosis, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Luciana M Chedier
- Plant Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Botany, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Rossana C N Melo
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology, Department of Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo L Fabri
- Bioactive Natural Products Laboratory, Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
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Isolation of diverse bioactive compounds from Euphorbia balsamifera: Cytotoxicity and antibacterial activity studies. Saudi J Biol Sci 2020; 28:417-426. [PMID: 33424325 PMCID: PMC7783668 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2020.10.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibacterial and cytotoxic activities of Euphorbia balsamifera, fractions and pure compounds were evaluated. The cytotoxic assays for HCT116, HePG2 and MCF7 showed a significant IC50: 54.7 and 76.2 µg/mL of non-polar fraction “n-hexane” against HCT116 and HePG2, respectively. Antibacterial results revealed that plant fractions exhibited significant potential against the tested pathogens than the total extract where n-butanol and ethyl acetate fractions showed significant antibacterial activity (P < 0.05) against tested bacterial strains. Isolation and structure determination of compounds from n-hexane and n-butanol fractions were performed. From n-hexane fraction, 29-nor-cycloartanol (1), lanost-8-en-3-ol (2a), cycloartanol (2b) and kampferol-3,4'-dimethyl ether (3) were isolated and structurally identified, along with 24 compounds were tentatively identified by GC–MS. From the polar n-butanol fraction, 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-hydroxy-6-methoxyacetophenone (4), 4-O-α-L-rhamnosyl-(1 → 6)-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-hydroxy-6methoxy-acetophenone (5), quercetin-3-O-glucopyranoside (6) and isoorientin (7) were assigned. Structures of the obtained compounds were determined by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Except compounds 1 and 5, all reported compounds announced antibacterial efficiency. Compound 2 showed selectively the highest activity against Enterococcus faecalis (22 ± 0.13 mm), meanwhile 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-hydroxy-6-methoxyacetophenone (4) showed broadly the highest antibacterial activity with MIC of 1.15–1.88 mg/mL against the test Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Cytotoxic assays indicated that kampferol-3,4'-dimethyl ether (3) exhibited the highest activity with matching IC50 values to doxorubicin; 111.46, 42.67 and 44.90 µM against HCT116, HePG2 and MCF7, respectively, however, it is toxic on retina normal cell line RPE1.
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Key Words
- 1H–1H COSY, Proton Correlation Spectrometry
- Antibacterial
- Asir region
- Cytotoxicity
- DEPT, Distortionless enhancement by polarization transfer
- E. balsamifera, Euphorbia balsamifera
- ESIMS, Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry
- Euphorbia balsamifera
- GC–MS
- GC–MS, Gas Chromatogrphy/ Mass Spectrometry
- HCT116, Colon cell line
- HMBC, Hetero-nuclear multiple bond correlation spectroscopy
- HMQC, Hetero-nuclear multiple quantum correlation spectroscopy
- HSQC, Heteronuclear single quantum coherence spectroscopy
- HePG2, Human hepatocellular carcinoma cell line
- Isolation
- J, Coupling Constant
- MCF7, Human Caucasian breast adenocarcinoma
- MTT, Colorimetric assay for measuring cell metabolic activity as an indicator of cell viability, proliferation, and cytotoxicity
- Spectroscopy
- TLC, Thin-layer Chromatography
- d, Doublet
- dd, Doublet of doublet
- δ, Chemical shift (in ppm)
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Mahgoub SAM, El-Hack MEA, Saadeldin IM, Hussein MA, Swelum AA, Alagawany M. Impact of Rosmarinus officinalis cold-pressed oil on health, growth performance, intestinal bacterial populations, and immunocompetence of Japanese quail. Poult Sci 2019; 98:2139-2149. [PMID: 30590789 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2018] [Accepted: 12/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was performed to study the impacts of rosemary cold-pressed oil (RCPO) for biostimulating health, growth performance, and intestinal bacterial populations of Japanese quail. The study included 300 growing 1-wk-old Japanese quails. Birds were divided into 3 groups in a complete randomized design experiment that involved 3 levels of RCPO (0, 1.00 and 2.00 mL/kg diet). Results revealed that the addition of rosemary oil numerically increased values of body weight and body weight gain when compared with the control group, particularly the highest level of RCPO (2.00 mL/kg diet). Birds fed diets supplemented with rosemary oil consumed more feed (P ≤ 0.01) compared with those fed the control diet. Feed conversion ratio tended to be improved in rosemary oil groups during the period 3 to 6 wk of age (P = 0.013). The highest level of rosemary oil (2.00 mL/kg diet) had the best impact on all carcass traits studied. RCPO supplementation showed an increase in serum total protein, metabolic hormones levels, while it reduced serum cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, and protein carbonyl levels. Moreover, RCPO increased antioxidative enzymes, and reduced the lipid peroxidation in quail liver. The supplementation of 2 mL/RCPO kg diet showed significant reduction in populations of total cultural bacterial count, coliforms, Escherichia coli, and Salmonella spp. in the ileum when compared to the control. The current results showed that RCPO supplementation to Japanese quails diet could enhance the growth performance and reduce the intestinal pathogenic bacteria. Therefore, RCPO can be a beneficial antimicrobial and growth-promoting feed supplement for the Japanese quail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samir A M Mahgoub
- Microbiology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44111, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Abd El-Hack
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44111, Egypt
| | - Islam M Saadeldin
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Hussein
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Ayman A Swelum
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Alagawany
- Poultry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44111, Egypt
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Tantawy AH, Mohamed HI, Khalil AA, Hebash KA, Basyouni MZ. Novel bioactive imidazole-containing polymeric surfactants as petroleum-collecting and dispersing agents: Synthesis and surface-active properties. J Mol Liq 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2017.04.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Lee EJ, Hagel JM, Facchini PJ. Role of the phloem in the biochemistry and ecophysiology of benzylisoquinoline alkaloid metabolism. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2013; 4:182. [PMID: 23781223 PMCID: PMC3678098 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2013.00182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2013] [Accepted: 05/20/2013] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Benzylisoquinoline alkaloids (BIAs) are a diverse group of biologically active specialized metabolites produced mainly in four plant families. BIA metabolism is likely of monophyletic origin and involves multiple enzymes yielding structurally diverse compounds. Several BIAs possess defensive properties against pathogenic microorganisms and herbivores. Opium poppy (Papaver somniferum: Papaveraceae) has emerged as a model system to investigate the cellular localization of BIA biosynthesis. Although alkaloids accumulate in the laticifer cytoplasm (latex) of opium poppy, corresponding biosynthetic enzymes and gene transcripts are localized to proximal sieve elements and companion cells, respectively. In contrast, BIA metabolism in the non-laticiferous meadow rue (Thalictrum flavum; Ranunculaceae) occurs independent of the phloem. Evidence points toward the adoption of diverse strategies for the biosynthesis and accumulation of alkaloids as defensive compounds. Recruitment of cell types involved in BIA metabolism, both within and external to the phloem, was likely driven by selection pressures unique to different taxa. The biochemistry, cell biology, ecophysiology, and evolution of BIA metabolism are considered in this context.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Peter J. Facchini
- *Correspondence: Peter J. Facchini, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive NW, Calgary, AB T2N1N4, Canada e-mail:
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Conserva LM, Pereira CDAB, Barbosa-Filho JM. Alkaloids of the Hernandiaceae: occurrence and a compilation of their biological activities. THE ALKALOIDS. CHEMISTRY AND BIOLOGY 2005; 62:175-243. [PMID: 16265923 DOI: 10.1016/s1099-4831(05)62003-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lucia M Conserva
- Laboratório de Pesquisa em Química dos Produtos Naturais, Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal de Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Helicobacter pylori is the major worldwide cause of bacterial gastrointestinal infections in adults and children. Antibiotic therapy and a combination of two or three drugs have been widely used to eradicate these infections. However, development of drug resistance in bacteria calls for new sources of drugs, and plants seem to be a logical source of new antibacterial compounds. METHODS The anti-H. pylori activities of six native Iranian plants (Glycyrrhiza aspera, Juglans regia, Ligustrum vulgare, Thymus kotschyanus, Trachyspermum copticum and Xanthium brasilicum) and seven antibiotics were determined against 70 clinical isolates from children using the disk susceptibility assay. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were also measured for the biologically active extracts. One extract with the best anti-H. pylori activity was fractionated by silica gel and thin layer chromatography and the active compounds were identified by hydrogen nuclear magnetic resonance ((1)HNMR) spectroscopy. RESULTS All plant extracts showed anti-H. pylori activity by the disk sensitivity method, but the most active extracts were those from X. brasilicum and T. copticum. In fact, the anti-H. pylori activities of the two extracts were superior to the disk antibiotic susceptibility profile. Minimum inhibitory concentrations were within the range of 31.25-250 micro g/ml. Fractionation and chemical identification of the extract from X. brasilicum showed the presence of two substances, a flavonoid and a xanthanolide. CONCLUSIONS Due to the rise in antibiotic resistance, new sources of anti-H. pylori drugs are needed. The use of medicinal plants and/or their chemical components may have potential benefit in eradicating such problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farahnaz Nariman
- Department of Biology and Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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Recio MC, Rios JL, Villar A. Antimicrobial activity of selected plants employed in the Spanish mediterranean area. Part II. Phytother Res 1989. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.2650030302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Rios JL, Recio MC, Villar A. Screening methods for natural products with antimicrobial activity: a review of the literature. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 1988; 23:127-49. [PMID: 3057288 DOI: 10.1016/0378-8741(88)90001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 334] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Diffusion and dilution methods have been employed to study the antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants. A number of modifications have been made in the technique in order to obtain better results. Since some factors (culture medium composition, microorganisms tested, extractive method, pH, solubility of the sample in the culture medium, etc.) can change results, it is difficult using these methods to standardize a procedure for the study of antimicrobial plants. Bioautography is another method for studying antimicrobial activity. With it, previously chromatographed principles are diffused to the agar. The results can also change according to the method employed. All the various techniques are reviewed here and, in order to unify the different criteria and parameters, standard methods to study the antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J L Rios
- Departamento de Farmacologia y Farmacotecnia, Universidad de Valencia, Spain
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