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Hu B, Zhang CS, Hu YL, Cheng HY, Liu T, Liu Y, Xu TQ, Shu Q, Zhou GX. Two new pregnane glycosides from the root of Cynanchum auriculatum. JOURNAL OF ASIAN NATURAL PRODUCTS RESEARCH 2023; 25:1184-1190. [PMID: 37178131 DOI: 10.1080/10286020.2023.2211550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Two new pregnane glycosides (1 and 2), together with four known ones (3- 6), were isolated from the roots of Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight (Asclepiadaceae). On the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis and chemical method, the structures of new compounds were characterized to be metaplexigenin 3-O-β-D-cymaropyranosyl- (1→4)-α-L-diginopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside (1), metaplexigenin 3-O-α-L-diginopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside (2). All the isolated compounds (1-6) were tested for their in vitro inhibitory activity against the growth of human colon cancer cell lines HCT-116. Compounds 5 and 6 showed significant cytoxicities with IC50 values of 43.58 µM and 52.21 µM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo Hu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Cai-Shi Zhang
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ya-Lin Hu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Huai-Yu Cheng
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Ting Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yin Liu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Tian-Qi Xu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qing Shu
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Guang-Xiong Zhou
- Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of TCM and New Drugs Research, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products, College of Pharmacy, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Li JC, Li SY, Tang JX, Liu D, Feng XY, Rao KR, Zhao XD, Li HM, Li RT. Triterpenoids, steroids and other constituents from Euphorbia kansui and their anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor properties. PHYTOCHEMISTRY 2022; 204:113449. [PMID: 36170888 DOI: 10.1016/j.phytochem.2022.113449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Six undescribed triterpenoids (euphokanols A-F), two undescribed C21-steroidal glycosides (euphokanosides A and B), together with fifty-four known compounds were isolated from the roots of Euphorbia kansui. Their structures were demonstrated by extensive spectroscopic data (1D, 2D NMR and HR-ESI-MS), and the absolute configuration of euphokanol A was elucidated based on electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculation. Among them, euphokanol A was a tetracyclic triterpenoid with a 5,10-epoxy moiety and concurrent rearrangement of Me-19(10 → 9) and Me-30 (14 → 8), while euphokanols B and C were rare 19(10 → 9) abeo-tirucallane-type triterpenoids with Δ5(10) double bonds and 7,8-epoxy moieties. In addition, ten C21-steroidal glycosides were isolated from Euphorbia plants for the first time. Moreover, cynotophylloside B, caudatin, 5α,8α-epidioxy-22E-ergosta-6,22-diene-3β-ol, 6β,7β-epoxy-3β,4β,5β-trihydroxyl-20-deoxyingenol, 13-hydroxyingenol-3-(2,3- dimethylbutanoate)-13-dodecanoate, ingenol, 3-O-benzoyl-13-O-dodecanoateingenol, 3-O-(2'E,4'Z-decadienoyl)-20-O-acetylingenol, 20-O-acetylingenol and 20- deoxyingenol exhibited significant inhibition on NO production with IC50 values of 9.10, 17.38, 1.71, 0.55, 0.57, 12.22, 0.56, 0.30, 11.21 and 2.98 μM, respectively. Furthermore, wilfoside KIN, cynsaccatol L, kanesulone A, and 3β,7β,15β-triacetyloxy-5α-benzoyloxy-2α,8α-dihydroxyjatropha-6(17),11E-diene-9, 14-dione showed cytotoxicity against HepG2 cell line, with IC50 values of 12.55, 12.61, 18.24 and 18.26 μM, respectively. 13-Hydroxyingenol-3-(2,3-dimethylbutanoate)-13- dodecanoate exhibited anti-proliferation activity on MCF-7 cell line with an IC50 value of 17.12 μM. Specifically, euphol selectively inhibited the growth of human glioma stem cells (GSC-3# and GSC-12#), with IC50 values of 8.89 and 13.00 μM, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Chun Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Shu-Yi Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Jian-Xian Tang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Dan Liu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yi Feng
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Kai-Rui Rao
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, PR China
| | - Xu-Dong Zhao
- Laboratory of Animal Tumor Models, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, PR China
| | - Hong-Mei Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, PR China.
| | - Rong-Tao Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, PR China.
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Huang LJ, Fan YM, Jin J, Yi P, Gu W, Jian JY, Yuan CM, Hao XJ. A novelty pregnane C21-steroid from Cynanchum auriculatum. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2022.104527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Wang L, Cai F, Zhao W, Tian J, Kong D, Sun X, Liu Q, Chen Y, An Y, Wang F, Liu X, Wu Y, Zhou H. Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight., Cynanchum bungei Decne. and Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) Hemsl.: Current Research and Prospects. Molecules 2021; 26:7065. [PMID: 34885647 PMCID: PMC8658831 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26237065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight. (CA), Cynanchum bungei Decne. (CB) and Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) Hemsl. (CW) are three close species belonging to the Asclepiadaceous family, and their dry roots as the bioactive part have been revealed to exhibit anti-tumor, neuroprotection, organ protection, reducing liver lipid and blood lipid, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, and other activities. Until 2021, phytochemistry investigations have uncovered 232 compounds isolated from three species, which could be classified into C21-steroids, acetophenones, terpenoids, and alkaloids. In this review, the morphology characteristics, species identification, and the relationship of botany, extraction, and the separation of chemical constituents, along with the molecular mechanism and pharmacokinetics of bioactive constituents of three species, are summarized for the first time, and their phytochemistry, pharmacology, and clinical safety are also updated. Moreover, the direction and limitation of current research on three species is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Fujie Cai
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Wei Zhao
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Jinli Tian
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Degang Kong
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xiaohui Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Qing Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yueru Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Ying An
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Fulin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Xue Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Veterinary Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China;
| | - Honglei Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China; (L.W.); (F.C.); (W.Z.); (J.T.); (D.K.); (X.S.); (Q.L.); (Y.C.); (Y.A.); (F.W.); (X.L.)
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Potential neurotrophic activity and cytotoxicity of selected C21 steroidal glycosides from Cynanchum otophyllum. Med Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02506-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Chen WH, Zhang ZZ, Ban YF, Rahman K, Ye BZ, Sun XL, Tan HY, Zheng XH, Liu HY, Xu LC, Yan B, Han T. Cynanchum bungei Decne and its two related species for "Baishouwu": A review on traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacological activities. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 243:112110. [PMID: 31351190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2019.112110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2019] [Revised: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Cynanchum bungei Decne. (CB) (Asclepiadaceae) and its two related species Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight. (CA) and Cynanchum wilfordii (Maxim.) Hemsl. (CW) are well known Chinese herbal medicines known by the name Baishouwu. Among them, CB has long been used for nourishing the kidney and liver, strengthening the bones and muscles, and regulating stomachache. However, to date, no comprehensive review on Baishouwu has been published. AIM OF THE REVIEW This review aims to provide a comprehensive summary on traditional uses, phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of the three herbal components of Baishouwu with the ultimate objective of providing a guide for future scientific and therapeutic potential use of Baishouwu. MATERIAL AND METHODS A literature search was undertaken on CB, CA and CW by analyzing the information from scientific databases (SciFinder, Pubmed, Elsevier, Google Scholar, Web of Science, and Baidu Scholar). Information was also gathered from local classic herbal literatures and conference papers on ethnopharmacology and the information provided in this review has been obtained from peer-reviewed papers. RESULTS Comparative analysis of literature search indicate that ethnopharmacological use of CB was recorded in China, however, CA and CW have been used in China, Korea and Japan. To date, 151 chemical compounds have been isolated from these species, and the major chemical constituents have been revealed to be acetophenones, C21-steroids, terpenoids, and alkaloids. These compounds and extracts have been proven to exhibit significant pharmacological activities, including anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, hypolipidemic, anti-obesity, hepatoprotective, antifungal, antiviral, anti-depressant, vasodilating and estrogenic activities. CONCLUSIONS CB, CA and CW collectively known as Baishouwu are valuable medicinal herbs with multiple pharmacological activities. The traditional use for nourishing liver is closely associated with the hepatoprotective activity. The available literature performs that various of the activity of Baishouwu can be attributed to acetophenones and C21-steroids. It is high time that more efforts should be focused on the underlying mechanisms of their beneficial bioactivities and the structure activity relationship of the constituents, as well as their potential synergistic and antagonistic effects. The proper toxicology evaluation is crucial to guarantee the safety, efficacy, and eligibility for medical use. Further research on the comprehensive evaluation of medicinal quality and the understanding of multi-target network pharmacology of Baishouwu is in great request.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Hua Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Zhen-Zhen Zhang
- Naval Medical Institute of PLA, 880 Xiangyin Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Yan-Fei Ban
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Navy Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Khalid Rahman
- Faculty of Science, School of Pharmacy and Biomolecular Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool, L3 3AF, UK
| | - Bing-Zhu Ye
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Navy Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Xiao-Lei Sun
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan, 250355, China; Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Navy Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China
| | - Hui-Ying Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Xiao-Hua Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Hong-Yan Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan, 250355, China
| | - Ling-Chuan Xu
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Bin Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 4655 Daxue Road, Jinan, 250355, China.
| | - Ting Han
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Navy Medical University, 325 Guohe Road, Shanghai, 200433, China.
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Kim JY, Lee JW, Lee JS, Jang DS, Shim SH. Inhibitory effects of compounds isolated from roots of Cynanchum wilfordii on oxidation and glycation of human low-density lipoprotein (LDL). J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
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Dong J, Peng X, Lu S, Zhou L, Qiu M. Hepatoprotective steroids from roots of Cynanchum otophyllum. Fitoterapia 2019; 136:104171. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2019.104171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zhan ZJ, Bao SM, Zhang Y, Qiu FJ, Shan WG, Ma LF. New Immunomodulating Polyhydroxypregnane Glycosides from the Roots of Cynanchum otophyllum C.K.Schneid. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900062. [PMID: 30983116 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Seven new polyhydroxypregnane glycosides, named cynotophyllosides P-V, together with three known analogs were isolated from the roots of Cynanchum otophyllum C.K.Schneid. Their structures were elucidated by a variety of spectroscopic techniques, as well as acid-catalyzed hydrolysis. All isolates were tested for their immunological activities in vitro against Con A- and LPS-induced proliferation of mice splenocytes. Immunoenhancing (for 1, 9) and immunosuppressive (for 2) activities were observed. Furthermore, cynotophylloside R (3) showed immunomodulatory as it enhanced the proliferation of splenocytes in low concentration and suppressed immune cells in concentration more than 1.0 μg/ml.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zha-Jun Zhan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Min Bao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Yue Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Fei-Jun Qiu
- Zhejiang Xinguang Pharmaceutical Limited Liability Company, Shaoxing, 312400, P. R. China
| | - Wei-Guang Shan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Lie-Feng Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China.,Zhejiang Xinguang Pharmaceutical Limited Liability Company, Shaoxing, 312400, P. R. China
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Wu C, Zhang M, He M, Gu M, Lin M, Zhang G. Selection of solvent for extraction of antioxidant components from Cynanchum auriculatum, Cynanchum bungei, and Cynanchum wilfordii roots. Food Sci Nutr 2019; 7:1337-1343. [PMID: 31024706 PMCID: PMC6475734 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 01/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
In east Asia, "Baishouwu" has been used as an herbal drug and functional dietary supplement for hundreds of years. Actually, "Baishouwu" is the common name of the roots of Cynanchum auriculatum, Cynanchum bungei, and Cynanchum wilfordii. In the present study, roots of these three specie were extracted and then fractionated using petroleum ether (PE), dichloromethane (DCM), ethyl acetate (EA), and water. DPPH scavenging experiments revealed high antioxidant activity of DCM and EA fractions of C. bungei and the EA fraction of C. wilfordii. Treatments with these three fractions significantly reduced malondialdehyde content in heat-stressed Daphnia magna, validating in vivo antioxidant activity. Gas chromatography-mass spectrometer (GC-MS) analyses demonstrated that the chemical components of fractions extracted from C. bungei, C. bungei, and C. wilfordii were different. Further determination of total phenol and total flavonoids contents showed that DCM and EA fractions of C. bungei and EA fraction of C. wilfordii had much higher contents of total phenol and total flavonoids, which might be the reason to explain their strong antioxidant activity. Overall, the present study suggested that these three plants have different chemical components and biological activities. They could not be used as the same drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng‐Dong Wu
- Xinyang Agricultural Experiment Station of Yancheng CityYanchengChina
| | - Ming Zhang
- Xinyang Agricultural Experiment Station of Yancheng CityYanchengChina
| | - Ming‐Tao He
- Xinyang Agricultural Experiment Station of Yancheng CityYanchengChina
| | - Min‐Feng Gu
- Xinyang Agricultural Experiment Station of Yancheng CityYanchengChina
| | - Mei Lin
- Shenzhen GenProMetab Biotechnology Company LimitedShenzhenChina
| | - Gen Zhang
- Shenzhen GenProMetab Biotechnology Company LimitedShenzhenChina
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Wu Z, Wang Y, Meng X, Wang X, Li Z, Qian S, Wei Y, Shu L, Ding Y, Wang P, Peng Y. Total C-21 steroidal glycosides, isolated from the root tuber of Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight, attenuate hydrogen peroxide-induced oxidative injury and inflammation in L02 cells. Int J Mol Med 2018; 42:3157-3170. [PMID: 30272289 PMCID: PMC6202073 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2018.3896] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays an important role in the pathology of liver disorders. Total C-21 steroidal glycosides (TCSGs), isolated from the root tuber of Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight, have been reported to exert numerous effects, including liver protective and antioxidant effects. In order to investigate the potential mechanisms underlying the protective effects of TCSGs on liver function, the present study used the human normal liver cell line, L02, to evaluate the effects of TCSGs on hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative injury and inflammatory responses. The L02 cells were pretreated with various concentrations of TCSGs, followed by exposure to 1.5 mM H2O2. Cell viability was determined by a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-di-phenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and nitric oxide (NO) were measured using colorimetric assays. The activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and the production of malondialdehyde (MDA) were also determined. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels were detected using a fluorescent probe. H2O2-induced oxidative toxicity was attenuated following treatment with TCSGs, as indicated by the increase in cell viability, the decreased levels of ALT, AST, LDH, NO, MDA and ROS, and the increased activities of SOD, CAT and GSH-Px. To further explore the possible mechanisms of action of TCSGs, the nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and nuclear factor-κB (NF)-κB pathways were examined. The results revealed that treatment with TCSGs markedly induced Nrf2 nuclear translocation and upregulated the expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the L02 cells damaged by H2O2. In addition, pretreatment with TCSGs inhibited the NF-κB signaling pathway by blocking the degradation of the inhibitor of nuclear factor κBα (IκBα), thereby reducing the expression and nuclear translocation of NF-κB, as well as reducing the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2). On the whole, the findings of this study demonstrate that TCSGs can protect L02 cells against H2O2-induced oxidative toxicity and inflammatory injury by increasing the expression of Nrf2 and HO-1, mediated by the NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Wu
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yingyu Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xian Meng
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Xinjie Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Research Department of Pharmacognosy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 211198, P.R. China
| | - Zhenlin Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Shihui Qian
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yingjie Wei
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Luan Shu
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yongfang Ding
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Peijuan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
| | - Yunru Peng
- Department of Pharmacology, Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210023, P.R. China
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Han L, Zhou X, Yang M, Zhou L, Deng X, Wei S, Wang W, Wang Z, Qiao X, Bai C. Ethnobotany, Phytochemistry and Pharmacological Effects of Plants in Genus Cynanchum Linn. (Asclepiadaceae). Molecules 2018; 23:E1194. [PMID: 29772722 PMCID: PMC6099929 DOI: 10.3390/molecules23051194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2018] [Revised: 05/11/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Genus Cynanchum L. belongs to the family Asclepiadaceae, which comprise more than 200 species distributed worldwide. In Chinese medical practice, numerous drugs (such as tablets and powders) containing different parts of plants of this genus are used to treat snake bites, bruises, osteoblasts, rheumatoid arthritis and tumors. A search for original articles published on the cynanchum genus was performed by using several resources, including Flora of China Official Website and various scientific databases, such as PubMed, SciFinder, the Web of Science, Science Direct, and China Knowledge Resource Integrated (CNKI). Advances in the botanical, ethnomedicinal, phytochemical, and pharmacological studies of this genus are reviewed in this paper. Results showed that more than 440 compounds, including C21 steroids, steroidal saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids and terpene, have been isolated and identified from Cynanchum plants up to now. In vivo and in vitro studies have shown that plants possess an array of biological activities, including anti-tumor, neuroprotective and anti-fungal effects. Popular traditional prescription of Cynanchum sp. was also summed up in this paper. However, many Cynanchum species have received little or no attention. Moreover, few reports on the clinical use and toxic effects of Cynanchum sp. are available. Further attention should be focused on the study of these species to gather information on their respective toxicology data and relevant quality-control measures and clinical value of the crude extracts, active compounds, and bioactive metabolites from this genus. Further research on Cynanchum sp. should be conducted, and bioactivity-guided isolation strategies should be emphasized. In addition, systematic studies of the chemical composition of plants should be enhanced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Han
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xiuping Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Mengmeng Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Li Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xinxin Deng
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Shijie Wei
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Wenping Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Zhizhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Xue Qiao
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
| | - Changcai Bai
- Key Laboratory of Hui Ethnic Medicine Modernization, Ministry of Education, Ningxia Medical University, Yinchuan 750004, China.
- Ningxia Research Center of Modern Hui Medicine Engineering and Technology; Yinchuan 750004, China.
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Dong J, Peng X, Li L, Lu S, Zhou L, Qiu M. C21 steroidal glycosides with cytotoxic activities from Cynanchum otophyllum. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2018; 28:1520-1524. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2018.03.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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14
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Wang XJ, Li ZL, Lv XH, Zuo QY, Zhao YM, Ding YF, Pu SB, Qian SH, Peng YR. Antitumor evaluation and multiple analysis on different extracted fractions of the root of Cynanchum auriculatum
Royle ex Wight. J Sep Sci 2017; 40:3054-3063. [PMID: 28598028 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201601415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 05/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin-jie Wang
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Research Department of Pharmacognosy; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Zhen-lin Li
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm; Jiangsu Province Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Xu-hui Lv
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm; Jiangsu Province Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Qi-yan Zuo
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Research Department of Pharmacognosy; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm; Jiangsu Province Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yan-min Zhao
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm; Jiangsu Province Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yong-fang Ding
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - She-ban Pu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines; Research Department of Pharmacognosy; China Pharmaceutical University; Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Shi-hui Qian
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Provincial Platform for Conservation and Utilization of Agricultural Germplasm; Jiangsu Province Nanjing P. R. China
| | - Yun-ru Peng
- Affiliated Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine; Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
- Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine; Nanjing P. R. China
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Ma LF, Miao CT, Qian HY, Wang PF, Wang FS, Zhan ZJ, Shan WG. New C21 Steroidal Glycosides, Cynotophyllosides M–O, from Cynanchum Otophyllum. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2017. [DOI: 10.3184/174751917x14894997017414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cynotophyllosides M–O, three new polyhydroxypregnane glycosides, were obtained from the roots of Cynanchum otophyllum, together with four known compounds, deacetylmetaplexignin, sarcostion, cynotophylloside J and kidjoranin 3-O-α-diginopyranosyl-(1→4)-β-cymaropyranoside. Their structures were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic methods (in particular, 2D-NMR techniques) and acid-catalysed hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lie-Feng Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Cun-Tan Miao
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Hao-Ying Qian
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Peng-Fei Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Fa-Song Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biologic Resources Protection and Utilization of Hubei Province and College of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Hubei University for Nationalities, Enshi 445000, P.R. China
| | - Zha-Jun Zhan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Guang Shan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310014, P.R. China
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Yin ZQ, Yu SL, Wei YJ, Ma L, Wu ZF, Wang L, Zhang QW, Zhao M, Ye WC, Che CT, Zhang J. C21 steroidal glycosides from Cynanchum stauntonii induce apoptosis in HepG2 cells. Steroids 2016; 106:55-61. [PMID: 26708267 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2015] [Revised: 11/27/2015] [Accepted: 12/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Two new (1-2) and three known (3-5) C21 steroidal glycosides were isolated from Cynanchum stauntonii. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D-NMR spectroscopic data as well as HRTOFMS analysis. The cytotoxicity of the compounds against A549, HepG2, and 4T1 cell lines were evaluated by MTT assay. Compound 4 exhibited good inhibitory activities with the IC50 values 26.82, 12.24, and 44.12 μM, respectively. Furthermore, compound 4 could induce G1 phase arrest, upregulate the expression levels of caspases-3, -9, and Bax, and downregulate the expression level of Bcl-2. These results indicated that compound 4 might be valuable to anticancer drug candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qi Yin
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Shu-Le Yu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Yu-Jian Wei
- The First Clinical Medical Institute, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210000, China
| | - Lin Ma
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Zheng-Feng Wu
- Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry & State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China; Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Qing-Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine and Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao SAR, China
| | - Ming Zhao
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and WHO Collaborating Center for Tradition Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Wen-Cai Ye
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Natural Products & Guangdong Province Key Laboratory of Pharmacodynamic Constituents of Traditional Chinese Medicine and New Drugs Research, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Chun-Tao Che
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Pharmacognosy, and WHO Collaborating Center for Tradition Medicine, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA
| | - Jian Zhang
- Laboratory of Translational Medicine, Jiangsu Province Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210028, China.
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17
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Zhang M, Li X, Xiang C, Qin Y, He J, Li BC, Li P. Cytotoxicity of pregnane glycosides of Cynanchum otophyllum. Steroids 2015; 104:49-60. [PMID: 26297951 DOI: 10.1016/j.steroids.2015.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/15/2015] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Fourteen new pregnane glycosides, including nine caudatin glycosides (1-9), three qinyangshengenin glycosides (10-12), one kidjoranin glycosides (13) and one gagaminin glycosides (14), along with twelve known analogs (15-26) were isolated from roots of Cynanchum otophyllum Schneid. Their structures were deduced by detailed analysis of 1D and 2D NMR spectra, as well as HRESIMS. In this study, all pregnane glycosides obtained (1-26) were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities using three cancer cell lines (HepG2, Hela, U251). As results, except 6 and 10, other twenty-four pregnane glycosides showed cytotoxicities at different degrees against three cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mi Zhang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Cheng Xiang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Yi Qin
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Jing He
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China
| | - Bao-Cai Li
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, China.
| | - Peng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Taipa, Macau 999078, China.
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Li JL, Zhou J, Chen ZH, Guo SY, Li CQ, Zhao WM. Bioactive C21 Steroidal Glycosides from the Roots of Cynanchum otophyllum That Suppress the Seizure-like Locomotor Activity of Zebrafish Caused by Pentylenetetrazole. JOURNAL OF NATURAL PRODUCTS 2015; 78:1548-1555. [PMID: 26135914 DOI: 10.1021/np501058b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Six new C21 steroidal glycosides, cynotophyllosides A-F (1-6), together with 16 known compounds, were isolated from the roots of Cynanchum otophyllum. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic analysis and chemical methods. The three major components, otophylloside F (15), otophylloside B (17), and rostratamine 3-O-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1→4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside (18), suppressed the seizure-like locomotor activity caused by pentylenetetrazole in zebrafish. Preliminary structure-activity relation studies revealed that a pregnene skeleton with a C-12 ester group (ikemaoyl > cinnamoyl > hydroxy > p-hydroxybenzoyl) and a C-3 sugar chain consisting of three 2,6-dideoxysaccharide units is essential for this suppressive activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Long Li
- †Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Zhou
- ‡Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Transfarland, Hangzhou 311231, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhen-Hua Chen
- †Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
| | - Sheng-Ya Guo
- ‡Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Transfarland, Hangzhou 311231, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Qi Li
- ‡Hunter Biotechnology, Inc., Transfarland, Hangzhou 311231, People's Republic of China
- §Zhejiang Provincial Key Lab for Technology and Application of Model Organisms, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325035, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Min Zhao
- †Department of Natural Product Chemistry, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, People's Republic of China
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A C 21 -Steroidal Glycoside Isolated from the Roots of Cynanchum auriculatum Induces Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis in Human Gastric Cancer SGC-7901 Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:180839. [PMID: 24454488 PMCID: PMC3880714 DOI: 10.1155/2013/180839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2013] [Revised: 11/07/2013] [Accepted: 11/30/2013] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Caudatin 3-O-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-oleandropyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-cymaropyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-cymaropyranoside (CGII) is one of the C21-steroidal glycosides isolated from the roots of Cynanchum auriculatum ROYLE ex WIGHT. This study aimed to determine the cell growth, cell proliferation, and apoptotic cell death of human gastric cancer cells after CGII treatment. MTT assay was used to determine cell growth; fluorescence-activated cell sorting analysis was used to evaluate cell cycle distribution and apoptotic cell death. Immunoblotting was applied for measuring the expression of proteins involved in the cell cycle progression. The activities of caspase-3, -8, and -9 were detected by colorimetric caspase activity assays. CGII inhibited cell growth of human gastric cancer SGC-7901 cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Treatment of SGC-7901 cells with CGII resulted in G1 phase cell cycle arrest, accompanied with decreased expression of cyclin D1 and cyclin-dependent kinases 4 and 6. CGII induced cell apoptosis and activated caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9. In contrast, pan-caspase inhibitor z-VAD-fmk partially abolished the CGII-induced growth inhibition of SGC-7901 cells. In conclusion, CGII inhibits cell growth of human gastric cancer cells by inducing G1 phase cell cycle arrest and caspase-dependent apoptosis cascades.
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Ye LF, Wang YQ, Yang B, Zhang RS. Cytotoxic and apoptosis-inducing properties of a C 21-steroidal glycoside isolated from the roots of Cynanchum auriculatum.. Oncol Lett 2013; 5:1407-1411. [PMID: 23599803 PMCID: PMC3629071 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2013.1186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 01/29/2013] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to investigate the anti-cancer effect of a C21-steroidal glycoside (CG) isolated from the roots of Cynanchum auriculatum. CG was able to inhibit the growth of human cancer cells (SGC-7901 cells) in a concentration and time-dependent manner in vitro. SGC-7901 cells exposed to CG (10.8 and 21.6 μM) exhibited typical morphological apoptosis characteristics, such as nuclear-chromatin condensation and apoptotic body formation. Flow cytometric analysis showed that after treatment with CG at 10.8 and 21.6 μM for 24 h, the percentage of apoptotic cells increased to 30.4 and 43.2%, respectively, while the number of cells in the G0/G1, S and G2/M phases of the cell cycle decreased (P<0.05). Furthermore, treatment with CG at a concentration of 21.6 μM for 24 h significantly increased the expression of caspase-3 and the activity of caspase-3 was increased ∼3-fold in SGC-7901 cells. These results suggest that CG is the active anticancer component of the total C21-glycosides of the roots of Cynanchum auriculatum which is able to inhibit the growth of cancer cells and induce cancer cell apoptosis through caspase-3-dependent pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liang-Fei Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, P.R. China
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Ji CX, Li XY, Jia SB, Liu LL, Ge YC, Yang QX, Zhang JJ. The antidepressant effect of Cynanchum auriculatum in mice. PHARMACEUTICAL BIOLOGY 2012; 50:1067-1072. [PMID: 22827543 DOI: 10.3109/13880209.2012.656848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
CONTEXT Antidepressant effects of various plants are generally attributed to their anti-inflammation and antioxidant activities. Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight (Asclepiadaceae) is a traditional medicinal plant in China and India used for immunological regulation, anti-inflammation, and antioxidant purposes. However knowledge about its antidepressant activity has been poorly investigated. OBJECTIVE To investigate the antidepressant activities of the total glycosides of C. auriculatum (TGC) and its CHCl₃/MeOH (10:1) fractions (TGC-D and TGC-E) in mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS TGC, TGC-D and TGC-E (20, 40 and 80 mg/kg) were intragastrically administered to mice twice a day for 5 days. The tail suspension test, forced swimming test, and locomotor activity test in mice were used to evaluate the effect of C. auriculatum. The inhibition of [³H]-serotonin reuptake in rat brain synaptosomes was detected to investigate their mechanism. RESULTS TGC, TGC-D and TGC-E (80 mg/kg) decreased the immobility time by 61.7, 64.5, and 61.9% in tail suspension test. TGC (80 mg/kg), TGC-D (80 mg/kg) and TGC-E (20 mg/kg) decreased the immobility time by 32.6, 47.3, and 48.7% in forced swimming test. TGC (80 mg/kg) and TGC-E (20 and 40 mg/kg) decreased the crossing distances by 28.8, 29.5, and 36.2% in locomotor activity test. TGC, TGC-D and TGC-E (10 mg/L) inhibited serotonin reuptake by 7.4, 4.5, and 71.1% in rat brain synaptosomes, and IC₅₀ value of TGC-E was 5.2 mg/L. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION TGC, TGC-D and TGC-E have potential antidepressant activities. The antidepressive effect of TGC-E maybe attributed partly by the inhibiting effect on serotonin reuptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Xue Ji
- State Key Laboratory for Bioactive Substances and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P.R. China
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Shan WG, Liu X, Ma LF, Zhan ZJ. New Polyhydroxypregnane Glycosides from Cynanchum Otophyllum. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2012. [DOI: 10.3184/174751912x13263711885468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two new polyhydroxypregnane glycosides, namely cynotophyllosides G-H (1-2), were isolated from the roots of Cynanchum otophyllum, together with three known steroids. Their structures were established by spectroscopic methods and acid-catalysed hydrolysis. Cynanchum otophyllum also known as “ Qingyangshen“ in traditional Chinese medicine, is a perennial weed which has been used locally to treat epilepsy, rheumatic pain, kidney weakness, and muscle injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Guang Shan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Xiao Liu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Lie-Feng Ma
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
| | - Zha-Jun Zhan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou, 310014, P. R. China
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Ma LF, Shan WG, Zhan ZJ. Polyhydroxypregnane Glycosides from the Roots of Cynanchum otophyllum. Helv Chim Acta 2011. [DOI: 10.1002/hlca.201100168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Shi LM, Liu WH, Yu Q, Wan HT. Two New C21 Steroids from the Roots of Cynanchum Otophyllum. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL RESEARCH 2011. [DOI: 10.3184/174751911x557674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two new C21 steroids, 12β- O-acetyl-20- O-(2-methylbutyryl)-sarcostin and its 3- O-digitoxopyranoside (1-2) were isolated from the roots of Cynanchum otophyllum, together with three known steroids, namely deacetylmetaplexigenin (3), sarcostin (4), and kidjoranin 3 -O-β-D-digitoxopyranoside (5). The structures of the new steroids were established by spectroscopic and chemical methods, especially two-dimensional NMR techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Mei Shi
- Lishui Techonology College, Lishui 323000, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Hong Liu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, P. R. China
| | - Qing Yu
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, P. R. China
| | - Hai-Tong Wan
- Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, P. R. China
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Qi LW, Gu XJ, Li P, Liang Y, Hao H, Wang G. Structural characterization of pregnane glycosides from Cynanchum auriculatum by liquid chromatography on a hybrid ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometer. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2009; 23:2151-2160. [PMID: 19517461 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
A method coupling high-performance liquid chromatography with hybrid ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (TOFMS) using an electrospray ionization source was firstly used to characterize ten major pregnane glycosides including one novel compound auriculoside IV from the roots of Cynanchum auriculatum Royle ex Wight. In the MS/MS spectra, fragmentation reactions of the [M+Na]+ were recorded to provide abundant structural information on the aglycone and glycosyl moieties. Experiments using TOFMS allowed us to obtain precise elemental compositions of molecular ions and subsequent product ions with errors less than 6 ppm. The pregnane glycosides in C. auriculatum were classified into two major core groups: one is caudatin characterized by the neutral loss of one ikemamic acid molecule (128 Da) from the precursor ion, and the other is kidjoranin characterized by the neutral loss of cinnamic acid (148 Da) from the precursor ion. Meanwhile, a series of sugar-chain fragment ions provided valuable information about the compositions of the sugar residues and the sequences of the sugar chain. Logical fragmentation pathways for pregnane glycosides have been proposed and are useful for the identification of these compounds in natural products especially when there are no reference compounds available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian-Wen Qi
- Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Ministry of Education, Nanjing 210009, China
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