1
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Kuntz G, Huang J, Rask M, Lindgren-Ruby A, Shinsato JY, Bi D, Tabatabai AP. Spatial confinement affects the heterogeneity and interactions between shoaling fish. Sci Rep 2024; 14:12296. [PMID: 38811673 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-63245-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 05/27/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Living objects are able to consume chemical energy and process information independently from others. However, living objects can coordinate to form ordered groups such as schools of fish. This work considers these complex groups as living materials and presents imaging-based experiments of laboratory schools of fish to understand how activity, which is a non-equilibrium feature, affects the structure and dynamics of a group. We use spatial confinement to control the motion and structure of fish within quasi-2D shoals of fish and use image analysis techniques to make quantitative observations of the structures, their spatial heterogeneity, and their temporal fluctuations. Furthermore, we utilize Monte Carlo simulations to replicate the experimentally observed data which provides insight into the effective interactions between fish and confirms the presence of a confinement-based behavioral preference transition. In addition, unlike in short-range interacting systems, here structural heterogeneity and dynamic activities are positively correlated as a result of complex interplay between spatial arrangement and behavioral dynamics in fish collectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Kuntz
- Department of Physics, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA
| | - Junxiang Huang
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Mitchell Rask
- Department of Physics, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA
| | | | - Jacob Y Shinsato
- Department of Physics, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA
| | - Dapeng Bi
- Department of Physics, Northeastern University, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - A Pasha Tabatabai
- Department of Physics, Seattle University, Seattle, WA, 98122, USA.
- Physics Department, California Polytechnic State University, San Luis Obispo, CA, 93410, USA.
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2
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Li Y, Royer JR, Sun J, Ness C. Impact of granular inclusions on the phase behavior of colloidal gels. SOFT MATTER 2023; 19:1342-1347. [PMID: 36723039 DOI: 10.1039/d2sm01648f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal gels formed from small attractive particles are commonly used in formulations to keep larger components in suspension. Despite extensive work characterising unfilled gels, little is known about how the larger inclusions alter the phase behavior and microstructure of the colloidal system. Here we use numerical simulations to examine how larger 'granular' particles can alter the gel transition phase boundaries. We find two distinct regimes depending on both the filler size and native gel structure: a 'passive' regime where the filler fits into already-present voids, giving little change in the transition, and an 'active' regime where the filler no longer fits in these voids and instead perturbs the native structure. In this second regime the phase boundary is controlled by an effective colloidal volume fraction given by the available free volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yankai Li
- School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FG, UK.
| | - John R Royer
- SUPA, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, UK
| | - Jin Sun
- School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FG, UK.
| | - Christopher Ness
- School of Engineering, The University of Edinburgh, King's Buildings, Edinburgh EH9 3FG, UK.
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3
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Clusters in colloidal dispersions with a short-range depletion attraction: Thermodynamic identification and morphology. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 618:442-450. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.03.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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4
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Suman K, Wagner NJ. Anomalous rheological aging of a model thermoreversible colloidal gel following a thermal quench. J Chem Phys 2022; 157:024901. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0094237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigate the aging behavior in a well-studied model system comprised of a colloidal suspension of thermoreversible adhesive hard spheres (AHS) but thermally quenched below the gel transition to much larger depths than previously studied. The aging behavior in the model AHS system is monitored by small amplitude oscillatory shear rheology measurements conducted while rapidly quenching from liquid state at 40{degree sign}C to a temperature below the gel temperature and new, anomalous aging behaviors are observed. Shallow quenches lead to monotonic development of the elastic modulus with time consistent with prior reports for the development of a homogeneous gel (Gordon et al., Journal of Rheology 2017). However, for deeper quenches, a unique and new phenomenon is reported - namely after an initial rise in the modulus, a reproducible drop in modulus is observed, followed by a plateau in modulus value. This drop can be gradual or sudden, and the extent of the drop, both depends on quench depth. After this drop in modulus, AHS gel evolves toward a quench-path independent state over the experimental timescale. These effects of the extent of quenching on aging behavior is hypothesized to be a consequence of quenching into different underlying thermodynamic states of colloidal gels and the possible influence of the adhesive glass dynamical arrest for the deepest quenches. The research connects homogeneous gelation with heterogeneous gel formation due to phase separation and shows that the extent of quench can be used as an independent parameter to govern the rheological response of the arrested gel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Suman
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, United States of America
| | - Norman J Wagner
- Chemical & Bimolecular Engineering Department, University of Delaware Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, United States of America
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5
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Ghaffari Z, Rezvani H, Khalilnezhad A, Cortes FB, Riazi M. Experimental characterization of colloidal silica gel for water conformance control in oil reservoirs. Sci Rep 2022; 12:9628. [PMID: 35688917 PMCID: PMC9187666 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-13035-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
High water production in oil fields is an area of concern due to economic issues and borehole/wellhead damages. Colloidal gels can be a good alternative to polymers to address this as they can tolerate harsh oil reservoir conditions. A series of bottle tests with different silica and NaCl concentrations were first conducted. The gelation time, cation valence, rheology, and viscosity were investigated to characterize the gels. The applicability of solid gels in porous media was finally inspected in a dual-patterned glass micromodel. Bottle test results showed that increasing NaCl concentration at a constant silica concentration can convert solid gels into two-phase gels and then viscous suspensions. Na+ replacement with Mg2+ resulted a distinctive behaviour probably due to higher coagulating ability of Mg2+. Rheology and viscosity results agreed with gelation times: gel with shortest gelation time had the highest viscosity and storage/loss modulus but was not the most elastic one. Water injection into glass micromodel half-saturated with crude oil and solid gel proved that the gel is strong against pressure gradients applied by injected phase which is promising for water conformance controls. The diverted injected phase recorded an oil recovery of 53% which was not feasible without blocking the water zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Ghaffari
- Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Research Centre, IOR/EOR Research Institute, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.,Faculty of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hosein Rezvani
- Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Research Centre, IOR/EOR Research Institute, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.,Department of Chemistry, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Ali Khalilnezhad
- Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Research Centre, IOR/EOR Research Institute, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.,Faculty of Petroleum and Natural Gas Engineering, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Farid B Cortes
- Grupo de Investigación en Fenómenos de Superficie-Michael Polanyi, Departamento de Procesos y Energía, Facultad de Minas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Medellín, 050034, Medellín, Colombia
| | - Masoud Riazi
- Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR) Research Centre, IOR/EOR Research Institute, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran. .,Department of Petroleum Engineering, School of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran.
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6
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Miyazaki K, Schweizer KS, Thirumalai D, Tuinier R, Zaccarelli E. The Asakura–Oosawa theory: Entropic forces in physics, biology, and soft matter. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:080401. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0085965] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K. Miyazaki
- Department of Physics, Nagoya University, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
| | - K. S. Schweizer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Materials Research Laboratory, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Materials Science, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - D. Thirumalai
- Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - R. Tuinier
- Laboratory of Physical Chemistry, Department of Chemical Engineering and Chemistry, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
- Institute for Complex Molecular Systems, Eindhoven University of Technology, P.O. Box 513, 5600 MB Eindhoven, The Netherlands
| | - E. Zaccarelli
- CNR-ISC (National Research Council–Institute for Complex Systems) and Department of Physics, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy
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7
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Parisi D, Camargo M, Makri K, Gauthier M, Likos CN, Vlassopoulos D. Effect of softness on glass melting and re-entrant solidification in mixtures of soft and hard colloids. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:034901. [PMID: 34293891 DOI: 10.1063/5.0055381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present a systematic investigation of the structure and dynamic properties of model soft-hard colloidal mixtures. Results of a coarse-grained theoretical model are contrasted with rheological data, where the soft and hard colloids are mimicked by large star polymers with high functionality as the soft component and smaller stars with ultrahigh functionality as the hard one. Previous work by us revealed the recovery of the ergodicity of glassy soft star solutions and subsequent arrested phase separation and re-entrant solid transition upon progressive addition of small hard depletants. Here, we use different components to show that a small variation in softness has a significant impact on the state diagram of such mixtures. In particular, we establish that rendering the soft component more penetrable and modifying the size ratio bring about a remarkable shift in both the phase separation region and the glass-melting line so that the region of restored ergodicity can be notably enhanced and extended to much higher star polymer concentrations than for pure systems. We further rationalize our findings by analyzing the features of the depletion interaction induced by the smaller component that result from the interplay between the size ratio and the softness of the large component. These results demonstrate the great sensitivity of the phase behavior of entropic mixtures to small changes in the molecular architecture of the soft stars and point to the importance of accounting for details of the internal microstructure of soft colloidal particles for tailoring the flow properties of soft composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Parisi
- FORTH, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Manuel Camargo
- CICBA & FIMEB, Universidad Antonio Nariño-Campus Farallones, Km 18 via Cali-Jamundi, 760030 Cali, Colombia
| | - Kalliopi Makri
- FORTH, Institute of Electronic Structure and Laser, 70013 Heraklion, Crete, Greece
| | - Mario Gauthier
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Christos N Likos
- Faculty of Physics, University of Vienna, Boltzmanngasse 5, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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8
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Moghimi E, Schofield AB, Petekidis G. Yielding and resolidification of colloidal gels under constant stress. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2021; 33:284002. [PMID: 33902014 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/abfb8d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We examine the macroscopic deformation of a colloidal depletion gel subjected to a step shear stress. Three regimes are identified depending on the magnitude of the applied stress: (i) for stresses below yield stress, the gel undergoes a weak creep in which the bulk deformation grows sublinearly with time similar to crystalline and amorphous solids. For stresses above yield stress, when the bulk deformation exceeds approximately the attraction range, the sublinear increase of deformation turns into a superlinear growth which signals the onset of non-linear rearrangements and yielding of the gel. However, the long-time creep after such superlinear growth shows two distinct behaviors: (ii) under strong stresses, a viscous flow is reached in which the strain increases linearly with time. This indicates a complete yielding and flow of the gel. In stark contrast, (iii) for weak stresses, the gel after yielding starts to resolidify. More homogenous gels that are produced through enhancement of either interparticle attraction strength or strain amplitude of the oscillatory preshear, resolidify gradually. In contrast, in gels that are more heterogeneous resolidification occurs abruptly. We also find that heterogenous gels produced by oscillatory preshear at intermediate strain amplitude yield in a two-step process. Finally, the characteristic time for the onset of delayed yielding is found to follow a two-step decrease with increasing stress. This is comprised of an exponential decrease at low stresses, during which bond reformation is decisive and resolidification is detected, and a power law decrease at higher stresses where bond breaking and particle rearrangements dominate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeel Moghimi
- FORTH/IESL and Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
| | - Andrew B Schofield
- School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Edinburgh, EH9 3FD, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - George Petekidis
- FORTH/IESL and Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece
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9
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Lemaalem M, Hadrioui N, El Fassi S, Derouiche A, Ridouane H. An efficient approach to study membrane nano-inclusions: from the complex biological world to a simple representation. RSC Adv 2021; 11:10962-10974. [PMID: 35423551 PMCID: PMC8695885 DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00632k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Membrane nano-inclusions (NIs) are of great interest in biophysics, materials science, nanotechnology, and medicine. We hypothesized that the NIs within a biological membrane bilayer interact via a simple and efficient interaction potential, inspired by previous experimental and theoretical work. This interaction implicitly treats the membrane lipids but takes into account its effect on the NIs micro-arrangement. Thus, the study of the NIs is simplified to a two-dimensional colloidal system with implicit solvent. We calculated the structural properties from Molecular Dynamics simulations (MD), and we developed a Scaling Theory to discuss their behavior. We determined the thermal properties through potential energy per NI and pressure, and we discussed their variation as a function of the NIs number density. We performed a detailed study of the NIs dynamics using two approaches, MD simulations, and Dynamics Theory. We identified two characteristic values of number density, namely a critical number density n c = 3.67 × 10-3 Å-2 corresponded to the apparition of chain-like structures along with the liquid dispersed structure and the gelation number density n g = 8.40 × 10-3 Å-2 corresponded to the jamming state. We showed that the aggregation structure of NIs is of fractal dimension d F < 2. Also, we identified three diffusion regimes of membrane NIs, namely, normal for n < n c, subdiffusive for n c ≤ n < n g, and blocked for n ≥ n g. Thus, this paper proposes a simple and effective approach for studying the physical properties of membrane NIs. In particular, our results identify scaling exponents related to the microstructure and dynamics of membrane NIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Lemaalem
- Laboratoire de Physique des Polymères et Phénomènes Critiques, Sciences Faculty Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University P.O. Box 7955 Casablanca Morocco
| | - N Hadrioui
- Laboratoire de Physique des Polymères et Phénomènes Critiques, Sciences Faculty Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University P.O. Box 7955 Casablanca Morocco
| | - S El Fassi
- Laboratoire de Physique des Polymères et Phénomènes Critiques, Sciences Faculty Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University P.O. Box 7955 Casablanca Morocco
| | - A Derouiche
- Laboratoire de Physique des Polymères et Phénomènes Critiques, Sciences Faculty Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University P.O. Box 7955 Casablanca Morocco
| | - H Ridouane
- Laboratoire de Physique des Polymères et Phénomènes Critiques, Sciences Faculty Ben M'Sik, Hassan II University P.O. Box 7955 Casablanca Morocco
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10
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Cao R, Kumar D, Dinsmore AD. Vesicle-Based Gel via Polyelectrolyte-Induced Adhesion: Structure, Rheology, and Response. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:1714-1724. [PMID: 33513022 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We describe an experimental study of soft solids composed of micron-scale lipid bilayer vesicles that adhere to one another through electrostatic attraction to an oppositely charged polymer (PDADMAC). As the polymer concentration was increased, we found a fluid phase, a solid gel phase, and a gel composed of internally reorganized vesicles. Optical microscopy images showed a nearly close-packed structure of adhered vesicles that retained their closed-cell morphology. Shear rheology measurements showed that the gel phase is a solid with a modulus at the Pa scale and with linear response up to 70% strain. We found that the modulus depends on the energy per area of membrane-membrane adhesion but does not depend on the vesicle size. We further found that the gels survived osmotic stress or dilution of the adhering polymer but could be rapidly disrupted in response to the addition of strongly binding silica nanoparticles. These results demonstrate the potential for cell-sized lipid vesicles to form a solid platform that maintains the responsive properties of the membranes. Such materials may find applications as triggerable, protective coatings of delicate surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Cao
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
- Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Anthony D Dinsmore
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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11
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Immink JN, Bergman MJ, Maris JJE, Stenhammar J, Schurtenberger P. Crystal-to-Crystal Transitions in Binary Mixtures of Soft Colloids. ACS NANO 2020; 14:14861-14868. [PMID: 33191738 PMCID: PMC7690049 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.0c03966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we demonstrate a method for inducing reversible crystal-to-crystal transitions in binary mixtures of soft colloidal particles. Through a controlled decrease of salinity and increasingly dominating electrostatic interactions, a single sample is shown to reversibly organize into entropic crystals, electrostatic attraction-dominated crystals, or aggregated gels, which we quantify using microscopy and image analysis. We furthermore analyze crystalline structures with bond order analysis to discern between two crystal phases. We observe the different phases using a sample holder geometry that allows both in situ salinity control and imaging through confocal laser scanning microscopy and apply a synthesis method producing particles with high resolvability in microscopy with control over particle size. The particle softness provides for an enhanced crystallization speed, while altering the re-entrant melting behavior as compared to hard sphere systems. This work thus provides several tools for use in the reproducible manufacture and analysis of binary colloidal crystals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper N. Immink
- Division
of Physical Chemistry, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Maxime J. Bergman
- Department
of Physics, University of Fribourg, 1700 Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - J. J. Erik Maris
- Inorganic
Chemistry and Catalysis Group, Utrecht University, 3584 CS Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Joakim Stenhammar
- Division
of Physical Chemistry, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Peter Schurtenberger
- Division
of Physical Chemistry, Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Lund
Institute of advanced Neutron and X-ray Science (LINXS), Lund University, 221 00 Lund, Sweden
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12
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Migliozzi S, Meridiano G, Angeli P, Mazzei L. Investigation of the swollen state of Carbopol molecules in non-aqueous solvents through rheological characterization. SOFT MATTER 2020; 16:9799-9815. [PMID: 33005911 DOI: 10.1039/d0sm01196g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We explore how different types of solvent influence the rheological properties of non-aqueous Carbopol dispersions from the dilute to the jammed state. In novel non-aqueous formulations, polar solvents are used more and more frequently, because they can form Carbopol microgels without the need of any neutralizing agents. However, the swelling behaviour of Carbopol molecules in the absence of water, when ionic forces are weak, is still poorly understood. To this end, we study the swelling behaviour of Carbopol 974P NF in different polar solvents, i.e. glycerol, PEG400 and mixtures of the two solvents, by mapping the rheological behaviour of Carbopol suspensions from very dilute to highly concentrated conditions. The rheological study reveals that the onset of the jamming transition occurs at different critical polymer concentrations depending on the solvents used. Nevertheless, once the jammed state is reached, both elastic and yielding behaviours are scalable with the particle volume fraction. These results suggest that the type of solvent influences the final volume of the single Carbopol particles but does not alter the interactions between the particles. The final radius of the swollen particles is estimated from shear rheology measurements in dilute conditions, showing a decrease of the final swelling ratio of Carbopol molecules of almost 50% for PEG400 solutions, a result that confirms the shift to higher values of the critical jamming concentration obtained from linear viscoelasticity for the same solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Migliozzi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London WC1E 7JE, UK.
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13
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Rouwhorst J, Ness C, Stoyanov S, Zaccone A, Schall P. Nonequilibrium continuous phase transition in colloidal gelation with short-range attraction. Nat Commun 2020; 11:3558. [PMID: 32678089 PMCID: PMC7367344 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-17353-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The dynamical arrest of attractive colloidal particles into out-of-equilibrium structures, known as gelation, is central to biophysics, materials science, nanotechnology, and food and cosmetic applications, but a complete understanding is lacking. In particular, for intermediate particle density and attraction, the structure formation process remains unclear. Here, we show that the gelation of short-range attractive particles is governed by a nonequilibrium percolation process. We combine experiments on critical Casimir colloidal suspensions, numerical simulations, and analytical modeling with a master kinetic equation to show that cluster sizes and correlation lengths diverge with exponents ~1.6 and 0.8, respectively, consistent with percolation theory, while detailed balance in the particle attachment and detachment processes is broken. Cluster masses exhibit power-law distributions with exponents -3/2 and -5/2 before and after percolation, as predicted by solutions to the master kinetic equation. These results revealing a nonequilibrium continuous phase transition unify the structural arrest and yielding into related frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joep Rouwhorst
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands
| | - Christopher Ness
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK
- School of Engineering, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, EH9 3FB, UK
| | - Simeon Stoyanov
- Unilever R&D Vlaardingen, Olivier van Noortlaan 120, Vlaardingen, 3133 AT, The Netherlands
| | - Alessio Zaccone
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0AS, UK.
- Department of Physics "A. Pontremoli'", University of Milan, via Celoria 16, Milan, 20133, Italy.
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK.
| | - Peter Schall
- Institute of Physics, University of Amsterdam, Science Park 904, Amsterdam, 1098 XH, The Netherlands.
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14
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Debeli DK, Lin C, Gan L, Deng J, Hu L, Shan G. Enhanced Stability of the Dispersed Phase Stabilized by Polyether-Modified Siloxane in the Double Emulsion System: Storage Stability and Rheological Investigation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.0c01260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dereje Kebebew Debeli
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Chao Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
| | - Liang Gan
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Jianjun Deng
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Liuyun Hu
- Infinitus (China) Company Ltd, Guangzhou 510623, China
| | - Guorong Shan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, College of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
- Institute of Zhejiang University-Quzhou, Quzhou 324000, China
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15
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Germain P, Amokrane S. Glass transition and reversible gelation in asymmetric binary mixtures: A study by mode coupling theory and molecular dynamics. Phys Rev E 2019; 100:042614. [PMID: 31770885 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.100.042614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The glass transition and the binodals of asymmetric binary mixtures are investigated from the effective fluid approach in the mode coupling theory and by molecular dynamics. Motivated by previous theoretical predictions, the hard-sphere mixture and the Asakura-Oosawa models are used to analyze experimental results from the literature, relative to polystyrene spheres mixed either with linear polymers or with dense microgel particles. In agreement with the experimental observations, the specificity of the depletant particles is shown to favor lower density gels. It further favors equilibrium gelation by reducing also the tendency of the system to phase separate. These results are confirmed by a phenomenological modification of the mode coupling theory in which the vertex functions are computed at an effective density lower than the actual one. A model effective potential in asymmetric mixtures of hard particles is used to further check this phenomenological modification against molecular dynamics simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ph Germain
- Physique des Liquides et Milieux Complexes, Faculté des Sciences et Technologie, Université Paris Est (Créteil), 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France
| | - S Amokrane
- Physique des Liquides et Milieux Complexes, Faculté des Sciences et Technologie, Université Paris Est (Créteil), 61 Avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010 Créteil Cedex, France
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16
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Mirkhani SA, Shayesteh Zeraati A, Aliabadian E, Naguib M, Sundararaj U. High Dielectric Constant and Low Dielectric Loss via Poly(vinyl alcohol)/Ti 3C 2T x MXene Nanocomposites. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:18599-18608. [PMID: 31025847 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b00393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
As a new class of two-dimensional materials, the MXene family has triggered attention because of its unique electrical and mechanical properties. MXene's excellent electrical conductivity and hydrophilicity make it an ideal option for polymer nanocomposite fabrication. For the first time, polymer nanocomposites of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/Ti3C2T x (MXene) were used for charge storage applications in the X-band frequency range (8.2-12.4 GHz). By implementing solution casting and vacuum-assisted filtration (VAF), flexible thin films with exceptional dielectric properties (solution casting @ 10.0 wt % MXene: ε' = 370.5 and tan δ = 0.11 and VAF @ 10.0 wt % MXene: ε' = 3166 and tan δ = 0.09) were fabricated. The reported dielectric constants in this study are among the highest values obtained in X-band frequency with low dielectric losses. This outstanding performance originates from the high electrical conductivity of synthesized Ti3C2T x MXene (σ ≈ 1.4 ± 0.077 × 106 S/m; the highest reported value for Ti3C2T x MXene to date in the literature), great dispersion state, and the nacre-like structure of the polymer nanocomposites. Combining the exceptional properties of MXene with the effective nacre-like structure, PVA/MXene nanocomposites can be used as a novel charge storage material, fulfilling the requirements of flexible electronics and energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Alireza Mirkhani
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , University of Calgary , 2500 University Dr NW , Calgary T2N 1N4 , Canada
| | - Ali Shayesteh Zeraati
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , University of Calgary , 2500 University Dr NW , Calgary T2N 1N4 , Canada
| | - Ehsan Aliabadian
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , University of Calgary , 2500 University Dr NW , Calgary T2N 1N4 , Canada
| | - Michael Naguib
- Department of Physics and Engineering Physics , Tulane University , New Orleans , Louisiana 70118 , United States
| | - Uttandaraman Sundararaj
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering , University of Calgary , 2500 University Dr NW , Calgary T2N 1N4 , Canada
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17
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Immink JN, Maris JJE, Crassous JJ, Stenhammar J, Schurtenberger P. Reversible Formation of Thermoresponsive Binary Particle Gels with Tunable Structural and Mechanical Properties. ACS NANO 2019; 13:3292-3300. [PMID: 30763513 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.8b09139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the collective behavior of suspended thermoresponsive microgels that expel solvent and subsequently decrease in size upon heating. Using a binary mixture of differently thermoresponsive microgels, we demonstrate how distinctly different gel structures form, depending on the heating profile used. Confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) imaging shows that slow heating ramps yield a core-shell network through sequential gelation, while fast heating ramps yield a random binary network through homogelation. Here, secondary particles are shown to aggregate in a monolayer fashion upon the first gel, which can be qualitatively reproduced through Brownian dynamics simulations using a model based on a temperature-dependent interaction potential incorporating steric repulsion and van der Waals attraction. Through oscillatory rheology it is shown that secondary microgel deposition enhances the structural integrity of the previously formed single species gel, and the final structure exhibits higher elastic and loss moduli than its compositionally identical homogelled counterpart. Furthermore, we demonstrate that aging processes in the scaffold before secondary microgel deposition govern the final structural properties of the bigel, which allows a detailed control over these properties. Our results thus demonstrate how the temperature profile can be used to finely control the structural and mechanical properties of these highly tunable materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasper N Immink
- Division of Physical Chemistry , Lund University , SE-22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - J J Erik Maris
- Inorganic Chemistry and Catalysis , Utrecht University , 3584CG Utrecht , The Netherlands
| | - Jérôme J Crassous
- Institute of Physical Chemistry , RWTH Aachen University , 52074 Aachen , Germany
| | - Joakim Stenhammar
- Division of Physical Chemistry , Lund University , SE-22100 Lund , Sweden
| | - Peter Schurtenberger
- Division of Physical Chemistry , Lund University , SE-22100 Lund , Sweden
- Lund Institute of advanced Neutron and X-ray Science (LINXS) , Lund University , SE-22100 Lund , Sweden
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18
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Johnson LC, Landrum BJ, Zia RN. Yield of reversible colloidal gels during flow start-up: release from kinetic arrest. SOFT MATTER 2018; 14:5048-5068. [PMID: 29869670 DOI: 10.1039/c8sm00109j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Yield of colloidal gels during start-up of shear flow is characterized by an overshoot in shear stress that accompanies changes in network structure. Prior studies of yield of reversible colloidal gels undergoing strong flow model the overshoot as the point at which network rupture permits fluidization. However, yield under weak flow, which is of interest in many biological and industrial fluids shows no such disintegration. The mechanics of reversible gels are influenced by bond strength and durability, where ongoing rupture and re-formation impart aging that deepens kinetic arrest [Zia et al., J. Rheol., 2014, 58, 1121], suggesting that yield be viewed as release from kinetic arrest. To explore this idea, we study reversible colloidal gels during start-up of shear flow via dynamic simulation, connecting rheological yield to detailed measurements of structure, bond dynamics, and potential energy. We find that pre-yield stress grows temporally with the changing roles of microscopic transport processes: early time behavior is set by Brownian diffusion; later, advective displacements permit relative particle motion that stretches bonds and stores energy. Stress accumulates in stretched, oriented bonds until yield, which is a tipping point to energy release, and is passed with a fully intact network, where the loss of very few bonds enables relaxation of many, easing glassy arrest. This is immediately followed by a reversal to growth in potential energy during bulk plastic deformation and condensation into larger particle domains, supporting the view that yield is an activated release from kinetic arrest. The continued condensation of dense domains and shrinkage of network surfaces, along with a decrease in the potential energy, permit the gel to evolve toward more complete phase separation, supporting our view that yield of weakly sheared gels is a 'non-equilibrium phase transition'. Our findings may be particularly useful for industrial or other coatings, where weak, slow application via shear may lead to phase separation, inhibiting smooth distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian C Johnson
- Robert Frederick Smith School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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19
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Valadez-Pérez NE, Liu Y, Castañeda-Priego R. Reversible Aggregation and Colloidal Cluster Morphology: The Importance of the Extended Law of Corresponding States. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2018; 120:248004. [PMID: 29956967 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.248004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2017] [Revised: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cluster morphology of spherical particles interacting with a short-range attraction has been extensively studied due to its relevance to many applications, such as the large-scale structure in amorphous materials, phase separation, protein aggregation, and organelle formation in cells. Although it was widely accepted that the range of the attraction solely controls the fractal dimension of clusters, recent experimental results challenged this concept by also showing the importance of the strength of attraction. Using Monte Carlo simulations, we conclusively demonstrate that it is possible to reduce the dependence of the cluster morphology to a single variable, namely, the reduced second virial coefficient, B_{2}^{*}, linking the local properties of colloidal systems to the extended law of corresponding states. Furthermore, the cluster size distribution exhibits two well-defined regimes: one identified for small clusters, whose fractal dimension, d_{f}, does not depend on the details of the attraction, i.e., small clusters have the same d_{f}, and another related to large clusters, whose morphology depends exclusively on B_{2}^{*}, i.e., d_{f} of large aggregates follows a master curve, which is only a function of B_{2}^{*}. This physical scenario is confirmed with the reanalysis of experimental results on colloidal-polymer mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Néstor E Valadez-Pérez
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, Loma del Bosque 103, 37150 León, Guanajuato, Mexico
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Illinois Institute of Technology, 3440 S. Dearborn Street, Chicago, Illinois 60616, USA
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
| | - Yun Liu
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, USA
| | - Ramón Castañeda-Priego
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, Loma del Bosque 103, 37150 León, Guanajuato, Mexico
- NIST Center for Neutron Research, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, Maryland 20899, USA
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20
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Mahmoudi N, Stradner A. Structural arrest and dynamic localization in biocolloidal gels. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:4629-4635. [PMID: 28613330 DOI: 10.1039/c7sm00496f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Casein micelles interacting via an entropic intermediate-ranged depletion attraction exhibit a fluid-to-gel transition due to arrested spinodal decomposition. The bicontinuous networked structure of the gel freezes shortly after formation. We determine the timescales of structural arrest from the build-up of network rigidity after pre-shear rejuvenation, and find that the arrest time as well as the plateau elastic modulus of the gel diverge as a function of the volume fraction and interaction potential. Moreover, we show using scaling from naïve mode coupling theory that their mechanical properties are dictated by their microscopic dynamics rather than their heterogeneous large scale structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Mahmoudi
- Adolphe Merkle Institute, University of Fribourg, Route de l'ancienne Papeterie 1, Marly, Switzerland. and Physical Chemistry, Lund University, Getingevägen 60, Lund, Sweden.
| | - A Stradner
- Physical Chemistry, Lund University, Getingevägen 60, Lund, Sweden.
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21
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Moghimi E, Jacob AR, Koumakis N, Petekidis G. Colloidal gels tuned by oscillatory shear. SOFT MATTER 2017; 13:2371-2383. [PMID: 28277578 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm02508k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
We examine the microstructural and mechanical changes which occur during oscillatory shear flow and reformation after flow cessation of an intermediate volume fraction colloidal gel using rheometry and Brownian Dynamics (BD) simulations. A model depletion colloid-polymer mixture is used, comprising a hard sphere colloidal suspension with the addition of non-adsorbing linear polymer chains. The results reveal three distinct regimes depending on the strain amplitude of oscillatory shear. Large shear strain amplitudes fully break the structure which results in a more homogenous and stronger gel after flow cessation. Intermediate strain amplitudes densify the clusters and lead to highly heterogeneous and weak gels. Shearing the gel to even lower strain amplitudes creates a less heterogonous stronger solid. These three regimes of shearing are connected to the microscopic shear-induced structural heterogeneity. A comparison with steady shear flow reveals that the latter does not produce structural heterogeneities as large as oscillatory shear. Therefore oscillatory shear is a much more efficient way of tuning the mechanical properties of colloidal gels. Moreover, colloidal gels presheared at large strain amplitudes exhibit a distinct nonlinear response characterized largely by a single yielding process while in those presheared at lower rates a two-step yielding process is promoted due to the creation of highly heterogeneous structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esmaeel Moghimi
- FORTH/IESL and Department of Material Science and Technology, University of Crete, GR-71110, Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Alan R Jacob
- FORTH/IESL and Department of Material Science and Technology, University of Crete, GR-71110, Heraklion, Greece.
| | - Nick Koumakis
- School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Mayfield Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, UK
| | - George Petekidis
- FORTH/IESL and Department of Material Science and Technology, University of Crete, GR-71110, Heraklion, Greece.
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22
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Erramreddy VV, Tu S, Ghosh S. Rheological reversibility and long-term stability of repulsive and attractive nanoemulsion gels. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra09605d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The storage modulus (G′) of a canola oil nanoemulsion gel depends on the storage time and SDS emulsifier concentration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sylvana Tu
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences
- University of Saskatchewan
- Saskatoon
- Canada
| | - Supratim Ghosh
- Department of Food and Bioproduct Sciences
- University of Saskatchewan
- Saskatoon
- Canada
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23
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Capellmann RF, Valadez-Pérez NE, Simon B, Egelhaaf SU, Laurati M, Castañeda-Priego R. Structure of colloidal gels at intermediate concentrations: the role of competing interactions. SOFT MATTER 2016; 12:9303-9313. [PMID: 27801925 DOI: 10.1039/c6sm01822j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal gels formed by colloid-polymer mixtures with an intermediate volume fraction (ϕc ≈ 0.4) are investigated by confocal microscopy. In addition, we have performed Monte Carlo simulations based on a simple effective pair potential that includes a short-range attractive contribution representing depletion interactions, and a longer-range repulsive contribution describing the electrostatic interactions due to the presence of residual charges. Despite neglecting non-equilibrium effects, experiments and simulations yield similar gel structures, characterised by, e.g., the pair, angular and bond distribution functions. We find that the structure hardly depends on the strength of the attraction if the electrostatic contribution is fixed, but changes significantly if the electrostatic screening is changed. This delicate balance between attractions and repulsions, which we quantify by the second virial coefficient, also determines the location of the gelation boundary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronja F Capellmann
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Néstor E Valadez-Pérez
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, Loma del Bosque 103, Lomas del Campestre, 37150 León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
| | - Benedikt Simon
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefan U Egelhaaf
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marco Laurati
- Condensed Matter Physics Laboratory, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany and División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, Loma del Bosque 103, Lomas del Campestre, 37150 León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
| | - Ramón Castañeda-Priego
- División de Ciencias e Ingenierías, Campus León, Universidad de Guanajuato, Loma del Bosque 103, Lomas del Campestre, 37150 León, Guanajuato, Mexico.
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24
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25
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Pandey R, Conrad JC. Gelation in mixtures of polymers and bidisperse colloids. Phys Rev E 2016; 93:012610. [PMID: 26871125 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.93.012610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of varying the volume fraction of large particles (r) on the linear rheology and microstructure of mixtures of polymers and bidisperse colloids, in which the ratio of the small and large particle diameters was α=0.31 or α=0.45. Suspensions formulated at a total volume fraction of ϕ_{T}=0.15 and a constant concentration of polymer in the free volume c/c^{*}≈0.7 contained solid-like gels for small r and fluids or fluids of clusters at large r. The solid-like rheology and microstructure of these suspensions changed little with r when r was small, and fluidized only when r>0.8. By contrast, dense suspensions with ϕ_{T}=0.40 and α=0.31 contained solid-like gels at all concentrations of large particles and exhibited only modest rheological and microstructural changes upon varying the volume fraction of large particles. These results suggest that the effect of particle-size dispersity on the properties of colloid-polymer mixtures are asymmetric in particle size and are most pronounced near a gelation boundary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rahul Pandey
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, USA
| | - Jacinta C Conrad
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, Texas 77204-4004, USA
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26
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Sadeghi S, Zehtab Yazdi A, Sundararaj U. Controlling Short-Range Interactions by Tuning Surface Chemistry in HDPE/Graphene Nanoribbon Nanocomposites. J Phys Chem B 2015; 119:11867-78. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.5b03558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Soheil Sadeghi
- Polymer Processing Group,
Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr, NW Calgary, AB T2N1N4, Canada
| | - Alireza Zehtab Yazdi
- Polymer Processing Group,
Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr, NW Calgary, AB T2N1N4, Canada
| | - Uttandaraman Sundararaj
- Polymer Processing Group,
Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Calgary, 2500 University Dr, NW Calgary, AB T2N1N4, Canada
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27
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Koumakis N, Moghimi E, Besseling R, Poon WCK, Brady JF, Petekidis G. Tuning colloidal gels by shear. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:4640-4648. [PMID: 25962849 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm00411j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Using a powerful combination of experiments and simulations we demonstrate how the microstructure and its time evolution are linked with mechanical properties in a frustrated, out-of-equilibrium, particle gel under shear. An intermediate volume fraction colloid-polymer gel is used as a model system, allowing quantification of the interplay between interparticle attractions and shear forces. Rheometry, confocal microscopy and Brownian dynamics reveal that high shear rates, fully breaking the structure, lead after shear cessation to more homogeneous and stronger gels, whereas preshear at low rates creates largely heterogeneous weaker gels with reduced elasticity. We find that in comparison, thermal quenching cannot produce structural inhomogeneities under shear. We argue that external shear has strong implications on routes towards metastable equilibrium, and therefore gelation scenarios. Moreover, these results have strong implications for material design and industrial applications, such as mixing, processing and transport protocols coupled to the properties of the final material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nick Koumakis
- FORTH/IESL and Department of Materials Science and Technology, University of Crete, 71110 Heraklion, Greece.
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28
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Maillaud L, Poulin P, Pasquali M, Zakri C. Effect of the rheological properties of carbon nanotube dispersions on the processing and properties of transparent conductive electrodes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:5928-34. [PMID: 25961667 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.5b00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Transparent conductive films are made from aqueous surfactant stabilized dispersions of carbon nanotubes using an up-scalable rod coating method. The processability of the films is governed by the amount of surfactant which is shown to alter strongly the wetting and viscosity of the ink. The increase of viscosity results from surfactant mediated attractive interactions between the carbon nanotubes. Links between the formulation, ink rheological properties, and electro-optical properties of the films are determined. The provided guidelines are generalized and used to fabricate optimized electrodes using conductive polymers and carbon nanotubes. In these electrodes, the carbon nanotubes act as highly efficient viscosifiers that allow the optimized ink to be homogeneously spread using the rod coating method. From a general point of view and in contrast to previous studies, the CNTs are optimally used in the present approach as conductive additives for viscosity enhancements of electronic inks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurent Maillaud
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Université de Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Schweitzer, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Philippe Poulin
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Université de Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Schweitzer, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Matteo Pasquali
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Université de Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Schweitzer, 33600 Pessac, France
| | - Cécile Zakri
- CNRS, Centre de Recherche Paul Pascal, Université de Bordeaux, 115 Avenue Schweitzer, 33600 Pessac, France
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29
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Choudhury S, Agrawal A, Kim SA, Archer LA. Self-suspended suspensions of covalently grafted hairy nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2015; 31:3222-3231. [PMID: 25712578 DOI: 10.1021/la5048326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Dispersions of small particles in liquids have been studied continuously for almost two centuries for their ability to simultaneously advance understanding of physical properties of fluids and their widespread use in applications. In both settings, the suspending (liquid) and suspended (solid) phases are normally distinct and uncoupled on long length and time scales. In this study, we report on the synthesis and physical properties of a novel family of covalently grafted nanoparticles that exist as self-suspended suspensions with high particle loadings. In such suspensions, we find that the grafted polymer chains exhibit unusual multiscale structural transitions and enhanced conformational stability on subnanometer and nanometer length scales. On mesoscopic length scales, the suspensions display exceptional homogeneity and colloidal stability. We attribute this feature to steric repulsions between grafted chains and the space-filling constraint on the tethered chains in the single-component self-suspended materials, which inhibits phase segregation. On macroscopic length scales, the suspensions exist as neat fluids that exhibit soft glassy rheology and, counterintuitively, enhanced elasticity with increasing temperature. This feature is discussed in terms of increased interpenetration of the grafted chains and jamming of the nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Snehashis Choudhury
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Akanksha Agrawal
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Sung A Kim
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
| | - Lynden A Archer
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, United States
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30
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Ndong Mintsa E, Germain P, Amokrane S. Bond lifetime and diffusion coefficient in colloids with short-range interactions. THE EUROPEAN PHYSICAL JOURNAL. E, SOFT MATTER 2015; 38:21. [PMID: 25813606 DOI: 10.1140/epje/i2015-15021-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2014] [Revised: 02/20/2015] [Accepted: 02/23/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We use molecular dynamics simulations to study the influence of short-range structures in the interaction potential between hard-sphere-like colloidal particles. Starting from model potentials and effective potentials in binary mixtures computed from the Ornstein-Zernike equations, we investigate the influence of the range and strength of a possible tail beyond the usual core repulsion or the presence of repulsive barriers. The diffusion coefficient and mean "bond" lifetimes are used as indicators of the effect of this structure on the dynamics. The existence of correlations between the variations of these quantities with the physical parameters is discussed to assess the interpretation of dynamics slowing down in terms of long-lived bonds. We also discuss the question of a universal behaviour determined by the second virial coefficient B ((2)) and the interplay of attraction and repulsion. While the diffusion coefficient follows the B ((2)) law for purely attractive tails, this is no longer true in the presence of repulsive barriers. Furthermore, the bond lifetime shows a dependence on the physical parameters that differs from that of the diffusion coefficient. This raises the question of the precise role of bonds on the dynamics slowing down in colloidal gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Ndong Mintsa
- Laboratoire "Physique de Liquides et Milieux Complexes", Faculté des Sciences et Technologie, Université Paris-Est, Créteil, 61 avenue du Général de Gaulle, 94010, Créteil Cedex, France
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31
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Hsiao LC, Kang H, Ahn KH, Solomon MJ. Role of shear-induced dynamical heterogeneity in the nonlinear rheology of colloidal gels. SOFT MATTER 2014; 10:9254-9259. [PMID: 25323049 DOI: 10.1039/c4sm01375a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report the effect of flow-induced dynamical heterogeneity on the nonlinear elastic modulus of weakly aggregated colloidal gels that have undergone yielding by an imposed step strain deformation. The gels are comprised of sterically stabilized poly(methyl methacrylate) colloids interacting through short-ranged depletion attractions. When a step strain of magnitude varying from γ = 0.1 to 80.0 is applied to the quiescent gels, we observe the development of a bimodal distribution in the single-particle van Hove self-correlation function. This distribution is consistent with the existence of a fast and slow subpopulation of colloids within sheared gels. We evaluate the effect of incorporating the properties of the slow, rigid subpopulation of the colloids into a recent mode coupling theory for the nonlinear elasticity of colloidal gels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian C Hsiao
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Michigan, MI, USA.
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32
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Rogers MC, Chen K, Andrzejewski L, Narayanan S, Ramakrishnan S, Leheny RL, Harden JL. Echoes in x-ray speckles track nanometer-scale plastic events in colloidal gels under shear. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2014; 90:062310. [PMID: 25615096 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.90.062310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We report x-ray photon correlation spectroscopy experiments on a concentrated nanocolloidal gel subject to in situ oscillatory shear strain. The strain causes periodic echoes in the speckle pattern that lead to peaks in the intensity autocorrelation function. Above a threshold strain that is near the first yield point of the gel, the peak amplitude decays exponentially with the number of shear cycles, signaling irreversible particle rearrangements. The wave-vector dependence of the decay rate reveals a power-law distribution in the size of regions undergoing shear-induced rearrangement. The gel also displays strain softening well below the threshold, indicating a range of strains at which the rheology is nonlinear but the microscopic deformations are reversible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael C Rogers
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Kui Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - Lukasz Andrzejewski
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
| | - Suresh Narayanan
- X-Ray Science Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Subramanian Ramakrishnan
- Department of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, FAMU-FSU College of Engineering, Tallahassee, Florida 32312, USA
| | - Robert L Leheny
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland 21218, USA
| | - James L Harden
- Department of Physics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1N 6N5
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Zaccone A, Crassous JJ, Ballauff M. Colloidal gelation with variable attraction energy. J Chem Phys 2013; 138:104908. [PMID: 23514520 DOI: 10.1063/1.4794695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
We present an approximation scheme to the master kinetic equations for aggregation and gelation with thermal breakup in colloidal systems with variable attraction energy. With the cluster fractal dimension df as the only phenomenological parameter, rich physical behavior is predicted. The viscosity, the gelation time, and the cluster size are predicted in closed form analytically as a function of time, initial volume fraction, and attraction energy by combining the reversible clustering kinetics with an approximate hydrodynamic model. The fractal dimension df modulates the time evolution of cluster size, lag time and gelation time, and of the viscosity. The gelation transition is strongly nonequilibrium and time-dependent in the unstable region of the state diagram of colloids where the association rate is larger than the dissociation rate. Only upon approaching conditions where the initial association and the dissociation rates are comparable for all species (which is a condition for the detailed balance to be satisfied) aggregation can occur with df = 3. In this limit, homogeneous nucleation followed by Lifshitz-Slyozov coarsening is recovered. In this limited region of the state diagram the macroscopic gelation process is likely to be driven by large spontaneous fluctuations associated with spinodal decomposition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Zaccone
- Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, JJ Thomson Avenue, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.
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35
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Nusser K, Schneider GJ, Richter D. Rheology and Anomalous Flow Properties of Poly(ethylene-alt-propylene)–Silica Nanocomposites. Macromolecules 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/ma3025927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Nusser
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz-Maier Leibnitz Zentrum, Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Gerald J. Schneider
- Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS) at Heinz-Maier Leibnitz Zentrum, Lichtenbergstraße 1, 85747 Garching, Germany
| | - Dieter Richter
- Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) & Institute for Complex Systems (ICS-1), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
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36
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Aben S, Holtze C, Tadros T, Schurtenberger P. Rheological investigations on the creaming of depletion-flocculated emulsions. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:7967-7975. [PMID: 22554128 DOI: 10.1021/la300221m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Preventing creaming or sedimentation by the addition of thickeners is an important industrial challenge. We study the effect of the addition of a "free" nonadsorbing polymer (xanthan gum) on the stability against creaming of sterically stabilized O/W emulsions. Therefore, we analyze our samples using microscopy and rheological measurements. At low xanthan concentrations, the emulsions cream. However, above a certain concentration a three-dimensional network of droplets is formed, which can prevent creaming. We attribute the formation of this structure to depletion attraction. The rheological behavior of an emulsion that is macroscopically stable should be elastic, while it should be viscous for a creaming emulsion. In order to distinguish between stable and unstable samples, we measure their relaxation time by mechanical rheology and find a good correlation to the visual observation. However, the measured relaxation times are much shorter than the time-scales, on which we observe creaming. We hypothesize that the measured relaxation time is related to the droplet-droplet interaction. This determines the frequency at which microscopic rearrangements occur, which weaken the network structure prior to creaming. Based on this interpretation, the relaxation time gives direct access to the microstructural processes involved in creaming. We therefore suggest using it as a predictive parameter of creaming stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simon Aben
- Competence Center Formulation Technology, BASF SE, GVM/F-J550, Ludwigshafen, Germany
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37
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Jadrich R, Schweizer KS. Percolation, phase separation, and gelation in fluids and mixtures of spheres and rods. J Chem Phys 2012; 135:234902. [PMID: 22191900 DOI: 10.1063/1.3669649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The relationship between kinetic arrest, connectivity percolation, structure and phase separation in protein, nanoparticle, and colloidal suspensions is a rich and complex problem. Using a combination of integral equation theory, connectivity percolation methods, naïve mode coupling theory, and the activated dynamics nonlinear Langevin equation approach, we study this problem for isotropic one-component fluids of spheres and variable aspect ratio rigid rods, and also percolation in rod-sphere mixtures. The key control parameters are interparticle attraction strength and its (short) spatial range, total packing fraction, and mixture composition. For spherical particles, formation of a homogeneous one-phase kinetically stable and percolated physical gel is predicted to be possible, but depends on non-universal factors. On the other hand, the dynamic crossover to activated dynamics and physical bond formation, which signals discrete cluster formation below the percolation threshold, almost always occurs in the one phase region. Rods more easily gel in the homogeneous isotropic regime, but whether a percolation or kinetic arrest boundary is reached first upon increasing interparticle attraction depends sensitively on packing fraction, rod aspect ratio and attraction range. Overall, the connectivity percolation threshold is much more sensitive to attraction range than either the kinetic arrest or phase separation boundaries. Our results appear to be qualitatively consistent with recent experiments on polymer-colloid depletion systems and brush mediated attractive nanoparticle suspensions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryan Jadrich
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
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38
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Boluk Y, Zhao L, Incani V. Dispersions of nanocrystalline cellulose in aqueous polymer solutions: structure formation of colloidal rods. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:6114-6123. [PMID: 22448630 DOI: 10.1021/la2035449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The steady-state shear and linear viscoelastic deformations of semidilute suspensions of rod-shaped nanocrystalline cellulose (NCC) particles in 1.0% hydroxyethyl cellulose and carboxymethyl cellulose solutions were investigated. Addition of NCC at the onset of semidilute suspension concentration significantly altered the rheological and linear viscoelastic properties of semidilute polymer solutions. The low-shear viscosity values of polymers solutions were increased 20-490 times (depending on polymer molecular weight and functional groups) by the presence of NCC. NCC suspensions in polymer solutions exhibited yield stresses up to 7.12 Pa. Viscoelasticity measurements also showed that NCC suspended polymer solutions had higher linear elastic moduli than the loss moduli. All of those results revealed the gel formation of NCC particles and presence of internal structures. The formation of a weak gel structure was due to the nonadsorbing macromolecules which caused the depletion-induced interaction among NCC particles. A simple interaction energy model was used to show successfully the flocculation of NCC particles in the presence of nonadsorbing polymers. The model is based on the incorporation of the depletion interaction term between two parallel plates into the DLVO theory for cubic prismatic rod shaped NCC particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaman Boluk
- Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G2, Canada.
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Gibaud T, Mahmoudi N, Oberdisse J, Lindner P, Pedersen JS, Oliveira CLP, Stradner A, Schurtenberger P. New routes to food gels and glasses. Faraday Discuss 2012; 158:267-84; discussion 351-70. [DOI: 10.1039/c2fd20048a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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40
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Wu XJ, Wang Y, Wang M, Yang W, Xie BH, Yang MB. Structure of fumed silica gels in dodecane: enhanced network by oscillatory shear. Colloid Polym Sci 2011. [DOI: 10.1007/s00396-011-2535-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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41
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Guo H, Ramakrishnan S, Harden JL, Leheny RL. Gel formation and aging in weakly attractive nanocolloid suspensions at intermediate concentrations. J Chem Phys 2011; 135:154903. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3653380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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42
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de Viguerie L, Keller R, Jonas U, Berger R, Clark CG, Klein CO, Geue T, Müllen K, Butt HJ, Vlassopoulos D. Effect of the molecular structure on the hierarchical self-assembly of semifluorinated alkanes at the air/water interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2011; 27:8776-8786. [PMID: 21671602 DOI: 10.1021/la201377f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Semifluorinated alkanes (C(n)F(2n+1)C(m)H(2m+1)), short FnHm display local phase separation of mutually incompatible hydrocarbon and fluorocarbon chain moieties, which has been utilized as a structure-forming motif in supramolecular architectures. The packing of semifluorinated alkanes, nominally based on dodecyl subunits, such as perfluoro(dodecyl)dodecane (F12H12) and perfluoro(dodecyl)eicosane (F12H20), as well as a core extended analogue, 1,4-dibromo-2-((perfluoroundecyl)methoxy)-5-(dodecyloxy)benzene) (F11H1-core-H12), was studied at the air/water interface. Langmuir monolayers were investigated by means of neutron reflectivity directly at the air/water interface and scanning force microscopy after transfer to silicon wafers. Narrowly disperse surface micelles formed in all three cases; however, they were found to bear different morphologies with respect to molecular orientation and assembly dimensionality, which gives rise to different hierarchical aggregate topologies. For F12H12, micelles of ca. 30 nm in diameter, composed of several circular or "spherical cap" substructures, were observed and a monolayer model with the fluorocarbon block oriented toward air is proposed. F12H20 molecules formed larger (ca. 50 nm diameter) hexagonally shaped surface micelles that were hexagonally, densely packed, besides more elongated but tightly interlocked wormlike structures. Conversely, F11H1-core-H12 films organized into linear rows of elongated surface micelles with comparable width, but an average length of ca. 400 nm, apparently formed by antiparallel molecular packing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurence de Viguerie
- Bio-Organic Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Institute of Electronic Structure & Laser, Foundation for Research and Technology-Hellas (FORTH), Heraklion, Greece
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Sprakel J, Lindström SB, Kodger TE, Weitz DA. Stress enhancement in the delayed yielding of colloidal gels. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2011; 106:248303. [PMID: 21770607 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.106.248303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Networks of aggregated colloidal particles are solidlike and can sustain an applied shear stress while exhibiting little or no creep; however, ultimately they will catastrophically fail. We show that the time delay for this yielding decreases in two distinct exponential regimes with applied stress. This behavior is universal and found for a variety of colloidal gel systems. We present a bond-rupture model that quantitatively describes this behavior and highlights the role of mesoscopic structures. Our result gives new insight into the nature of yielding in these soft solid materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joris Sprakel
- School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
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44
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Bayod E, Tornberg E. Microstructure of highly concentrated tomato suspensions on homogenisation and subsequent shearing. Food Res Int 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2011.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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45
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Tripathy M, Schweizer KS. Activated dynamics in dense fluids of attractive nonspherical particles. I. Kinetic crossover, dynamic free energies, and the physical nature of glasses and gels. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2011; 83:041406. [PMID: 21599157 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.83.041406] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We apply the center-of-mass versions of naïve mode coupling theory and nonlinear Langevin equation theory to study how short-range attractive interactions modify the onset of localization, activated single-particle dynamics, and the physical nature of the transiently arrested state of a variety of dense nonspherical particle fluids (and the spherical analog) as a function of volume fraction and attraction strength. The form of the dynamic crossover boundary depends on particle shape, but the reentrant glass-fluid-gel phenomenon and the repulsive glass-to-attractive glass crossover always occur. Diverse functional forms of the dynamic free energy are found for all shapes including glasslike, gel-like, a glass-gel form defined by the coexistence of two localization minima and two activation barriers, and a "mixed" attractive glass characterized by a single, very short localization length but an activation barrier located at a large displacement as in repulsive-force caged glasses. For the latter state, particle trajectories are expected to be of a two-step activated form and can be accessed at high attraction strength by increasing volume fraction, or by increasing attraction strength at fixed high enough volume fraction. A new classification scheme for slow dynamics of fluids of dense attractive particles is proposed based on specification of both the nature of the localized state and the particle displacements required to restore ergodicity via activated barrier hopping. The proposed physical picture appears to be in qualitative agreement with recent computer simulations and colloid experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mukta Tripathy
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Illinois, 1304 West Green Street, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
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46
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Peláez-Fernández M, Moncho-Jordá A, Callejas-Fernández J. Charged colloid-polymer mixtures: A study on electrostatic depletion attraction. J Chem Phys 2011; 134:054905. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3552952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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47
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Pickrahn K, Rajaram B, Mohraz A. Relationship between microstructure, dynamics, and rheology in polymer-bridging colloidal gels. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2010; 26:2392-2400. [PMID: 19831349 DOI: 10.1021/la902857c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
We investigate the link between the microstructure, dynamics, and rheological properties in dense (phi = 0.3) mixtures of charge-stabilized colloidal silica and oppositely charged poly(ethylene imine) polymer in a mixed DMSO/H(2)O solvent. Over a finite range of polymer concentrations, the addition of polymer results in the formation of sample-spanning, self-supporting gel networks. As the polymer concentration is increased, a reentrant rheological transition is observed where the gel's elastic modulus and yield stress initially increase and subsequently drop. The dynamic and microstructural changes associated with this transition are resolved using quantitative confocal microscopy. Within the initial regime, a biphasic system consisting of a mixture of arrested and diffusive particles is observed. We segregate the particles with high accuracy into mobile and arrested populations based on their dynamics. The addition of polymer in this regime systematically decreases the proportion of free particles, until all the particles are arrested. Concurrent with this transition, the elastic modulus and yield stress go through their corresponding maxima. However, over the range of polymer concentrations studied, the reentrant transition to weak gels is not captured by the particle dynamics but is instead accompanied by subtle changes in the microstructure of the arrested phase. We discuss two possible scenarios for this behavior in view of the strength of interparticle bonds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katie Pickrahn
- Department of Chemical Engineering & Materials Science, University of California, Irvine, California 92697-2575, USA
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48
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49
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Germain P, Amokrane S. Gelation and phase coexistence in colloidal suspensions with short-range forces: generic behavior versus specificity. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL, NONLINEAR, AND SOFT MATTER PHYSICS 2010; 81:011407. [PMID: 20365373 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.81.011407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2009] [Revised: 08/31/2009] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
The interplay between physical gelation and equilibrium phase transitions in asymmetric binary mixtures is analyzed from the effective fluid approach, in which the big particles interact via a short-range effective attraction beyond the core due to the depletion mechanism. The question of the universality of the scenario for dynamical arrest is then addressed. The comparison of the phase diagrams of the hard-sphere mixture and the Asakura-Oosawa models at various size ratios shows that strong specificity is observed for nonideal depletants. In particular, equilibrium gelation, without the competition with fluid-fluid transition is possible in mixtures of hard-sphere colloids. This is interpreted from the specificities of the effective potential, such as its oscillatory behavior and its complex variation with the physical parameters. The consequences on the dynamical arrest and the fluid-fluid transition are then investigated by considering in particular the role of the well at contact and the first repulsive barrier. This is done for the actual effective potential in the hard-sphere mixture and for a square well and shoulder model, which allows a separate discussion of the role of the different parameters, in particular on the localization length and the escape time. This study is next extended to mixtures of "hard-sphere-like" colloids with residual interactions. It confirms the trends relative to equilibrium gelation and illustrates a diversity of the phase behavior well beyond the scenarios expected from simple models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ph Germain
- Physique des Liquides et Milieux Complexes, Faculté des Sciences et Technologie, Université Paris Est (Créteil), Créteil Cedex, France
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50
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van Riemsdijk LE, Sprakel JHB, van der Goot AJ, Hamer RJ. Elastic Networks of Protein Particles. FOOD BIOPHYS 2009. [DOI: 10.1007/s11483-009-9142-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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