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Wang Y, Yang X, Meng Y, Wen Z, Han R, Hu X, Sun B, Kang F, Li B, Zhou D, Wang C, Wang G. Fluorine Chemistry in Rechargeable Batteries: Challenges, Progress, and Perspectives. Chem Rev 2024; 124:3494-3589. [PMID: 38478597 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
The renewable energy industry demands rechargeable batteries that can be manufactured at low cost using abundant resources while offering high energy density, good safety, wide operating temperature windows, and long lifespans. Utilizing fluorine chemistry to redesign battery configurations/components is considered a critical strategy to fulfill these requirements due to the natural abundance, robust bond strength, and extraordinary electronegativity of fluorine and the high free energy of fluoride formation, which enables the fluorinated components with cost effectiveness, nonflammability, and intrinsic stability. In particular, fluorinated materials and electrode|electrolyte interphases have been demonstrated to significantly affect reaction reversibility/kinetics, safety, and temperature tolerance of rechargeable batteries. However, the underlining principles governing material design and the mechanistic insights of interphases at the atomic level have been largely overlooked. This review covers a wide range of topics from the exploration of fluorine-containing electrodes, fluorinated electrolyte constituents, and other fluorinated battery components for metal-ion shuttle batteries to constructing fluoride-ion batteries, dual-ion batteries, and other new chemistries. In doing so, this review aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the structure-property interactions, the features of fluorinated interphases, and cutting-edge techniques for elucidating the role of fluorine chemistry in rechargeable batteries. Further, we present current challenges and promising strategies for employing fluorine chemistry, aiming to advance the electrochemical performance, wide temperature operation, and safety attributes of rechargeable batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Wang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xu Yang
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Yuefeng Meng
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Zuxin Wen
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Ran Han
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Xia Hu
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Bing Sun
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Baohua Li
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Dong Zhou
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, P. R. China
| | - Chunsheng Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Guoxiu Wang
- Centre for Clean Energy Technology, School of Mathematical and Physical Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2007, Australia
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2
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Trunschke A. Prospects and challenges for autonomous catalyst discovery viewed from an experimental perspective. Catal Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2cy00275b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Autonomous catalysis research requires elaborate integration of operando experiments into automated workflows. Suitable experimental data for analysis by artificial intelligence can be measured more readily according to standard operating procedures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annette Trunschke
- Fritz-Haber-Institut der Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
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3
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Pao CW, Chen JL, Lee JF, Tsai MC, Huang CY, Chiu CC, Chang CY, Chiang LC, Huang YS. The new X-ray absorption fine-structure beamline with sub-second time resolution at the Taiwan Photon Source. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2021; 28:930-938. [PMID: 33950001 PMCID: PMC8127382 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577521001740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The new TPS 44A beamline at the Taiwan Photon Source, located at the National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, is presented. This beamline is equipped with a new quick-scanning monochromator (Q-Mono), which can provide both conventional step-by-step scans (s-scans) and on-the-fly scans (q-scans) for X-ray absorption fine-structure (XAFS) spectroscopy experiments, including X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) and extended X-ray absorption fine-structure (EXAFS) spectral measurements. Ti and Te K-edge XAFS spectra were used to demonstrate the capability of collecting spectra at the limits of the working energy range. The Ni and Cu K-edge XAFS spectra for a Cu-doped Pt/Ni nanocomposite were acquired to test the performance of the newly commissioned beamline. Pt L3- and Ru K-edge quick-scanning XAFS (QXAFS) spectra for standard Pt and Ru foils, respectively, revealed the stability of the q-scan technique. The results also demonstrated the beamline's ability to collect XAFS spectra on a sub-second timescale. Furthermore, a Zn(s)|Zn2+(aq)|Cu(s) system was tested to indicate that the states of the Zn electrode could be observed in real time for charging and discharging conditions using an in situ/operando setup combined with QXAFS measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chih-Wen Pao
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Jeng-Lung Chen
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Jyh-Fu Lee
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Che Tsai
- NanoElectroChemistry Lab, Graduate Institute of Applied Science and Technology, National Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Yi Huang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Chih Chiu
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Chao-Yu Chang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Liang-Chih Chiang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Shan Huang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsin-Ann Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
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Sjöblom P, Todorescu G, Urpelainen S. Understanding the mechanical limitations of the performance of soft X-ray monochromators at MAX IV laboratory. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2020; 27:272-283. [PMID: 32153266 PMCID: PMC7064110 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577520000843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
MAX IV is a fourth-generation, or diffraction-limited, synchrotron light source with a number of state-of-the-art beamlines. The performance of a beamline is, to a high degree, set by the energy resolution it can achieve, which in turn is governed to a large extent by the monochromator. During the design phase of a monochromator, the mechanical requirements must be fully understood and met with margin. During commissioning, the performance must be verified and optimized. In this paper, six soft X-ray monochromators at MAX IV beamlines (Bloch, Veritas, HIPPIE, SPECIES, FinEstBeAMS and SoftiMAX) are examined with a focus on their resolving power, energy range and the time required to change measurement range, as those parameters are dependent on each other. The monochromators have a modern commercial design, planned and developed in close collaboration with the vendors. This paper aims to present the current status of the commissioning at MAX IV with emphasis on elucidating the mechanical limitations on the performance of the monochromators. It contains analysis of the outcome and our approach to achieve fast and high-resolution monochromators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Sjöblom
- MAX IV Laboratory, Fotongatan 2, 225 94 Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Samuli Urpelainen
- MAX IV Laboratory, Fotongatan 2, 225 94 Lund, Sweden
- Nano and Molecular Systems Research Unit, PO Box 3000, FI-90014 University of Oulu, Finland
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5
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Boesenberg U, Ryan CG, Kirkham R, Jahn A, Madsen A, Moorhead G, Falkenberg G, Garrevoet J. Fast XANES fluorescence imaging using a Maia detector. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2018; 25:892-898. [PMID: 29714202 DOI: 10.1107/s1600577518004940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A new fast X-ray absorption spectroscopy scanning method was recently implemented at the Hard X-ray Microprobe endstation P06, PETRA III, DESY, utilizing a Maia detector. Spectromicroscopy maps were acquired with spectra for X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) acquisition in the sub-second regime. The method combines XANES measurements with raster-scanning of the sample through the focused beam. The order of the scanning sequence of the axes, one beam energy axis and two (or more) spatial axes, is a variable experimental parameter and, depending on it, the dwell at each location can be either single and continuous (if the energy axis is the inner loop) or in shorter discontinuous intervals (if a spatial axis is innermost). The combination of improved spatial and temporal resolution may be necessary for rapidly changing samples, e.g. for following in operando chemical reactions or samples highly susceptible to beam damage where the rapid collection of single XANES spectra avoids issues with the emergence of chemical changes developing from latent damage. This paper compares data sets collected on a specially designed test pattern and a geological thin-section scanning the energy as inner, middle and outer axis in the sequence. The XANES data of all three scanning schemes is found to show excellent agreement down to the single-pixel level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ulrike Boesenberg
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility, Holzkoppel 4, Schenefeld 22869, Germany
| | - Christopher G Ryan
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Robin Kirkham
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Andreas Jahn
- Institut für Halbleiter- und Mikrosystemtechnik, Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Anders Madsen
- European X-ray Free-Electron Laser Facility, Holzkoppel 4, Schenefeld 22869, Germany
| | - Gareth Moorhead
- Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Clayton, Victoria, Australia
| | - Gerald Falkenberg
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
| | - Jan Garrevoet
- Deutsches Elektronen-Synchrotron DESY, Notkestrasse 85, Hamburg 22607, Germany
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6
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Tripathi AM, Su WN, Hwang BJ. In situ analytical techniques for battery interface analysis. Chem Soc Rev 2018; 47:736-851. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cs00180k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 268] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Interface is a key to high performance and safe lithium-ion batteries or lithium batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alok M. Tripathi
- Nano-electrochemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Wei-Nien Su
- Nano-electrochemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Bing Joe Hwang
- Nano-electrochemistry Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University of Science and Technology
- Taipei
- Taiwan
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7
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Siebecker MG, Sparks DL. Structural Differentiation between Layered Single (Ni) and Double Metal Hydroxides (Ni–Al LDHs) Using Wavelet Transformation. J Phys Chem A 2017; 121:6992-6999. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.7b07940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G. Siebecker
- University of Delaware, Delaware Environmental Institute
(DENIN), Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering (ISE) Laboratory, 221 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Donald L. Sparks
- University of Delaware, Delaware Environmental Institute
(DENIN), Interdisciplinary Science and Engineering (ISE) Laboratory, 221 Academy Street, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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8
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Shumlas SL, Singireddy S, Thenuwara AC, Attanayake NH, Reeder RJ, Strongin DR. Oxidation of arsenite to arsenate on birnessite in the presence of light. GEOCHEMICAL TRANSACTIONS 2016; 17:5. [PMID: 28316506 PMCID: PMC5053027 DOI: 10.1186/s12932-016-0037-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 09/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The effect of simulated solar radiation on the oxidation of arsenite [As(III)] to arsenate [As(V)] on the layered manganese oxide, birnessite, was investigated. Experiments were conducted where birnessite suspensions, under both anoxic and oxic conditions, were irradiated with simulated solar radiation in the presence of As(III) at pH 5, 7, and 9. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) was used to determine the nature of the adsorbed product on the surface of the birnessite. The oxidation of As(III) in the presence of birnessite under simulated solar light irradiation occurred at a rate that was faster than in the absence of light at pH 5. At pH 7 and 9, As(V) production was significantly less than at pH 5 and the amount of As(V) production for a given reaction time was the same under dark and light conditions. The first order rate constant (kobs) for As(III) oxidation in the presence of light and in the dark at pH 5 were determined to be 0.07 and 0.04 h-1, respectively. The As(V) product was released into solution along with Mn(II), with the latter product resulting from the reduction of Mn(IV) and/or Mn(III) during the As(III) oxidation process. Post-reaction XAS analysis of As(III) exposed birnessite showed that arsenic was present on the surface as As(V). Experimental results also showed no evidence that reactive oxygen species played a role in the As(III) oxidation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samantha L. Shumlas
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA
| | - Soujanya Singireddy
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA
| | - Akila C. Thenuwara
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA
| | - Nuwan H. Attanayake
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA
| | - Richard J. Reeder
- Department of Geosciences, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA
| | - Daniel R. Strongin
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, 1901 N. 13th St., Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA
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9
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Rapid Mapping of Lithiation Dynamics in Transition Metal Oxide Particles with Operando X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy. Sci Rep 2016; 6:21479. [PMID: 26908198 PMCID: PMC4764840 DOI: 10.1038/srep21479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the commercialization of lithium ion batteries (LIBs), layered transition metal oxides (LiMO2, where M = Co, Mn, Ni, or mixtures thereof) have been materials of choice for LIB cathodes. During cycling, the transition metals change their oxidation states, an effect that can be tracked by detecting energy shifts in the X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectrum. X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) can therefore be used to visualize and quantify lithiation kinetics in transition metal oxide cathodes; however, in-situ measurements are often constrained by temporal resolution and X-ray dose, necessitating compromises in the electrochemistry cycling conditions used or the materials examined. We report a combined approach to reduce measurement time and X-ray exposure for operando XAS studies of lithium ion batteries. A highly discretized energy resolution coupled with advanced post-processing enables rapid yet reliable identification of the oxidation state. A full-field microscopy setup provides sub-particle resolution over a large area of battery electrode, enabling the oxidation state within many transition metal oxide particles to be tracked simultaneously. Here, we apply this approach to gain insights into the lithiation kinetics of a commercial, mixed-metal oxide cathode material, nickel cobalt aluminium oxide (NCA), during (dis)charge and its degradation during overcharge.
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10
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Müller O, Lützenkirchen-Hecht D, Frahm R. Quick scanning monochromator for millisecond in situ and in operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2015; 86:093905. [PMID: 26429455 DOI: 10.1063/1.4929866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The design and capabilities of a novel Quick scanning Extended X-ray Absorption Fine Structure (QEXAFS) monochromator are presented. The oscillatory movement of the crystal stage is realized by means of a unique open-loop driving scheme operating a direct drive torque motor. The entire drive mechanics are installed inside of a goniometer located on the atmospheric side of the vacuum chamber. This design allows remote adjustment of the oscillation frequency and spectral range, giving complete control of QEXAFS measurements. It also features a real step-scanning mode, which operates without a control loop to prevent induced vibrations. Equipped with Si(111) and Si(311) crystals on a single stage, it facilitates an energy range from 4.0 keV to 43 keV. Extended X-ray absorption fine structure spectra up to k = 14.4 Å(-1) have been acquired within 17 ms and X-ray absorption near edge structure spectra covering more than 200 eV within 10 ms. The achieved data quality is excellent as shown by the presented measurements.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Müller
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, Wuppertal 42119, Germany
| | | | - R Frahm
- Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaußstraße 20, Wuppertal 42119, Germany
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11
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Cerkez EB, Bhandari N, Reeder RJ, Strongin DR. Coupled redox transformation of chromate and arsenite on ferrihydrite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2015; 49:2858-2866. [PMID: 25658969 DOI: 10.1021/es505666w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The redox chemistry of chromate (Cr(VI)) and arsenite (As(III)) on the iron oxyhydroxide, ferrihydrite (Fh), was investigated. Attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were used to determine the composition of the adsorbed layer on Fh during and after exposure to solution-phase Cr(VI) and As(III). The individual exposure of Cr(VI) or As(III) on Fh resulted in the adsorption of the respective species, and there was no change in the oxidation state of either species. In contrast, exposure of Fh simultaneously to Cr(VI) and As(III) led to an adsorbed layer that was primarily Cr(III) and As(V). This redox transformation occurred over various experimental conditions at pH 3, 5, and 7 and in the presence or absence of O2, as demonstrated by in situ ATR-FTIR results. A similar redox transformation was not observed at a solution of pH 9, due to minimal Cr(VI) adsorption. Postreaction XPS showed that the majority of adsorbed arsenic existed as As(V) at pH 3, 5, and 7, while As(III) was the main species detected at pH 9. At pH 3 the redox chemistry between Cr(VI) and As(III) led to a As(V) product surface loading of ∼600 mmol/kg. Experiments performed in the absence of dissolved O2 resulted in less As(V) on the surface compared to experiments in which O2 was present for equivalent reaction times.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth B Cerkez
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University , Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, United States
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12
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Garino C, Borfecchia E, Gobetto R, van Bokhoven JA, Lamberti C. Determination of the electronic and structural configuration of coordination compounds by synchrotron-radiation techniques. Coord Chem Rev 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2014.03.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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13
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Siebecker M, Li W, Khalid S, Sparks D. Real-time QEXAFS spectroscopy measures rapid precipitate formation at the mineral–water interface. Nat Commun 2014; 5:5003. [DOI: 10.1038/ncomms6003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 08/15/2014] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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14
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Gräfe M, Donner E, Collins RN, Lombi E. Speciation of metal(loid)s in environmental samples by X-ray absorption spectroscopy: a critical review. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 822:1-22. [PMID: 24725743 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.02.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2013] [Revised: 02/12/2014] [Accepted: 02/27/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Element specificity is one of the key factors underlying the widespread use and acceptance of X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) as a research tool in the environmental and geo-sciences. Independent of physical state (solid, liquid, gas), XAS analyses of metal(loid)s in complex environmental matrices over the past two decades have provided important information about speciation at environmentally relevant interfaces (e.g. solid-liquid) as well as in different media: plant tissues, rhizosphere, soils, sediments, ores, mineral process tailings, etc. Limited sample preparation requirements, the concomitant ability to preserve original physical and chemical states, and independence from crystallinity add to the advantages of using XAS in environmental investigations. Interpretations of XAS data are founded on sound physical and statistical models that can be applied to spectra of reference materials and mixed phases, respectively. For spectra collected directly from environmental matrices, abstract factor analysis and linear combination fitting provide the means to ascertain chemical, bonding, and crystalline states, and to extract quantitative information about their distribution within the data set. Through advances in optics, detectors, and data processing, X-ray fluorescence microprobes capable of focusing X-rays to micro- and nano-meter size have become competitive research venues for resolving the complexity of environmental samples at their inherent scale. The application of μ-XANES imaging, a new combinatorial approach of X-ray fluorescence spectrometry and XANES spectroscopy at the micron scale, is one of the latest technological advances allowing for lateral resolution of chemical states over wide areas due to vastly improved data processing and detector technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Gräfe
- Division of Process Science and Engineering, Commonwealth Scientific Industrial Research Organisation, Australian Minerals Research Centre, 7 Conlon Street, Waterford, WA 6152, Australia.
| | - Erica Donner
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia; CRC-CARE, P.O. Box 486, Salisbury, SA 5106, Australia
| | - Richard N Collins
- UNSW Water Research Centre, School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia
| | - Enzo Lombi
- Centre for Environmental Risk Assessment and Remediation, University of South Australia, Building X, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
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15
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Bordiga S, Groppo E, Agostini G, van Bokhoven JA, Lamberti C. Reactivity of Surface Species in Heterogeneous Catalysts Probed by In Situ X-ray Absorption Techniques. Chem Rev 2013; 113:1736-850. [DOI: 10.1021/cr2000898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 488] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bordiga
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Elena Groppo
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Giovanni Agostini
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Jeroen A. van Bokhoven
- ETH Zurich, Institute for Chemical and Bioengineering, HCI E127 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
- Laboratory for Catalysis and Sustainable Chemistry (LSK) Swiss Light Source, Paul Scherrer Instituteaul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland
| | - Carlo Lamberti
- Department of Chemistry and NIS Centre of Excellence, Università di Torino and INSTM Reference Center, Via P. Giuria 7, 10125 Torino, Italy
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16
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Stötzel J, Lützenkirchen-Hecht D, Grunwaldt JD, Frahm R. T-REX: new software for advanced QEXAFS data analysis. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2012; 19:920-929. [PMID: 23093750 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049512038599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2012] [Accepted: 09/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
New approaches to analyze the data generated by modern time-resolved X-ray absorption spectroscopy instrumentation are presented as part of a new analysis software to handle files containing typically a few thousand EXAFS spectra. Various filter techniques to remove high-frequency noise and run-away values are discussed as well as advanced analysis tools like linear combination fitting, EXAFS fitting, principal component analysis and phase-sensitive detection. These techniques were implemented in a user-friendly graphical user interface to analyse huge data files where it is not possible to treat each spectrum separately. New ideas to exploit existent tools more efficiently for time-resolved EXAFS data analysis are discussed theoretically as well as applied to real measurements, especially in situ catalytic experiments and surface-sensitive reflection-mode X-ray absorption studies of thin film growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Stötzel
- Fachbereich C-Physik, Universität Wuppertal, Wuppertal, Germany.
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17
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Liu H, Zhou Y, Jiang Z, Gu S, Wei X, Huang Y, Zou Y, Xu H. QXAFS system of the BL14W1 XAFS beamline at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2012; 19:969-975. [PMID: 23093757 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049512038873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Accepted: 09/10/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The quick-scanning XAFS (QXAFS) method is achieved at the BL14W1 XAFS beamline at the Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility based on the EPICS and LabVIEW systems. This is realised by the unprecedented use of LabVIEW's data logging and supervisory control module for communication with EPICS in synchrotron radiation facilities. A fine QXAFS spectrum with an energy range of 1.2 keV at the Cu K-edge has been collected in 2 s with stable beam position and the data quality is comparable with that of the step-mode XAFS spectrum. Analog-to-digital converter and double-crystal monochromator set-ups have been optimized in order to acquire optimal parameters for the QXAFS experiments. Signal-to-noise ratios of these spectra have been calculated in order to estimate the importance of these parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Liu
- Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility, Shanghai Institute of Applied Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Zhang Pu Dong District, Shanghai 201204, People's Republic of China
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18
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Frenkel AI, Rodriguez JA, Chen JG. Synchrotron Techniques for In Situ Catalytic Studies: Capabilities, Challenges, and Opportunities. ACS Catal 2012. [DOI: 10.1021/cs3004006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Anatoly I. Frenkel
- Department of Physics, Yeshiva University, New York, New York 10016, United
States
| | - Jose A. Rodriguez
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973,
United States
| | - Jingguang G. Chen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United
States
- Department of Chemical
Engineering, Columbia University, New York,
New York 10027, United
States
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19
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Bhandari N, Reeder RJ, Strongin DR. Photoinduced oxidation of arsenite to arsenate in the presence of goethite. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:8044-51. [PMID: 22703473 DOI: 10.1021/es300988p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The photochemistry of an aqueous suspension of goethite in the presence of arsenite (As(III)) was investigated with X-ray absorption near edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy and solution-phase analysis. Irradiation of the arsenite/goethite under conditions where dissolved oxygen was present in solution led to the presence of arsenate (As(V)) product adsorbed on goethite and in solution. Under anoxic conditions (absence of dissolved oxygen), As(III) oxidation occurred, but the As(V) product was largely restricted to the goethite surface. In this circumstance, however, there was a significant amount of ferrous iron release, in stark contrast to the As(III) oxidation reaction in the presence of dissolved oxygen. Results suggested that in the oxic environment ferrous iron, which formed via the photoinduced oxidation of As(III) in the presence of goethite, was heterogeneously oxidized to ferric iron by dissolved oxygen. It is likely that aqueous reactive oxygen species formed during this process led to the further oxidation of As(III) in solution. Results from the current study for As(III)/goethite also were compared to results from a prior study of the photochemistry of As(III) in the presence of another iron oxyhydroxide, ferrihydrite. The comparison showed that at pH 5 and 2 h of light exposure the instantaneous rate of aqueous-phase As(V) formation in the presence of goethite (12.4 × 10(-5) M s(-1) m(-2)) was significantly faster than in the presence of ferrihydrite (6.73 × 10(-6) M s(-1) m(-2)). It was proposed that this increased rate of ferrous iron oxidation in the presence of goethite and dissolved oxygen was the primary reason for the higher As(III) oxidation rate when compared to the As(III)/ferrihydrite system. The surface area-normalized pseudo-first-order rate constant, for example, associated with the heterogeneous oxidation of Fe(II) by dissolved oxygen in the presence of goethite (1.9 × 10(-6) L s(-1) m(-2)) was experimentally determined to be considerably higher than if ferrihydrite was present (2.0 × 10(-7) L s(-1) m(-2)) at a solution pH of 5.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan Bhandari
- Department of Chemistry, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
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Zhu M, Legg B, Zhang H, Gilbert B, Ren Y, Banfield JF, Waychunas GA. Early stage formation of iron oxyhydroxides during neutralization of simulated acid mine drainage solutions. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2012; 46:8140-8147. [PMID: 22765054 DOI: 10.1021/es301268g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The phases and stability of ferric iron products formed early during neutralization of acid mine drainage waters remain largely unknown. In this work, we used in situ and time-resolved quick-scanning X-ray absorption spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction to study products formed between 4 min and 1 h after ferric iron sulfate solutions were partially neutralized by addition of NaHCO(3) ([HCO(3)(-)]/[Fe(3+)] < 3). When [HCO(3)(-)]/[Fe(3+)] = 0.5 and 0.6 (initial pH ∼ 2.1 and 2.2, respectively), the only large species formed were sulfate-complexed ferrihydrite-like molecular clusters that were stable throughout the duration of the experiment. When [HCO(3)(-)]/[Fe(3+)] = 1 (initial pH ∼ 2.5), ferrihydrite-like molecular clusters formed initially, but most later converted to schwertmannite. In contrast, when [HCO(3)(-)]/[Fe(3+)] = 2 (initial pH ∼ 2.7), schwertmannite and larger ferrihydrite particles formed immediately upon neutralization. However, the ferrihydrite particles subsequently converted to schwertmannite. The schwertmannite particles formed under both conditions aggregated extensively with increasing time. This work provides new insight into the formation, stability and reactivity of some early products that may form during the neutralization of natural acid mine drainage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengqiang Zhu
- Earth Sciences Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA.
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21
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Nonaka T, Dohmae K, Araki T, Hayashi Y, Hirose Y, Uruga T, Yamazaki H, Mochizuki T, Tanida H, Goto S. Quick-scanning x-ray absorption spectroscopy system with a servo-motor-driven channel-cut monochromator with a temporal resolution of 10 ms. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2012; 83:083112. [PMID: 22938279 DOI: 10.1063/1.4746770] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a quick-scanning x-ray absorption fine structure (QXAFS) system and installed it at the recently constructed synchrotron radiation beamline BL33XU at the SPring-8. Rapid acquisition of high-quality QXAFS data was realized by combining a servo-motor-driven Si channel-cut monochromator with a tapered undulator. Two tandemly aligned monochromators with channel-cut Si(111) and Si(220) crystals covered energy ranges of 4.0-28.2 keV and 6.6-46.0 keV, respectively. The system allows the users to adjust instantly the energy ranges of scans, the starting angles of oscillations, and the frequencies. The channel-cut crystals are cooled with liquid nitrogen to enable them to withstand the high heat load from the undulator radiation. Deformation of the reflecting planes is reduced by clamping each crystal with two cooling blocks. Performance tests at the Cu K-edge demonstrated sufficiently high data quality for x-ray absorption near-edge structure and extended x-ray absorption fine-structure analyses with temporal resolutions of up to 10 and 25 ms, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Nonaka
- Toyota Central R&D Labs., Inc., Nagakute, Aichi 480-1192, Japan.
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22
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Marinkovic NS, Wang Q, Frenkel AI. In situ diffuse reflectance IR spectroscopy and X-ray absorption spectroscopy for fast catalytic processes. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2011; 18:447-455. [PMID: 21525654 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049511005802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 02/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
A new instrument for synchronous in situ investigations of catalytic materials by IR and X-ray absorption spectroscopies was designed and built at the X18A beamline of the National Synchrotron Light Source of Brookhaven National Laboratory. It provides analytical tools for solving structural, electronic and kinetic problems in catalysis science by two complementary methods. Among the features attractive for catalysis research are the broad range of catalytically active elements that can be investigated (starting with Ni and beyond), the wide range of reaction conditions (temperatures up to 873 K, various reactive gases) and time scales (starting from tens of seconds). The results of several representative experiments that illustrate the attractive capabilities of the new set-up are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nebojsa S Marinkovic
- Synchrotron Catalysis Consortium, University of Delaware, 150 Academy St, Newark, DE 19716, USA.
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Stötzel J, Lützenkirchen-Hecht D, Frahm R. A new stand-alone QEXAFS data acquisition system for in situ studies. JOURNAL OF SYNCHROTRON RADIATION 2011; 18:165-175. [PMID: 21335902 DOI: 10.1107/s0909049510051897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Accepted: 12/10/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
To meet the demands of the QEXAFS (quick-scanning extended X-ray absorption fine structure) technique for a fast, user-friendly and flexible data acquisition a new stand-alone system with new software exploiting a multi-functional USB board was designed. The chosen approach allows the scanning of several analogue and digital data sources with up to 500000 samples each second over hours storable in binary or ASCII format without any dead-time. At the same time it is possible to visualize the acquired data instantaneously which provides a maximum of interactivity during the running experiment and also optimal conditions to select the best suited beamline and detector settings prior to each measurement. Furthermore, the QEXAFS monochromator and typically three current amplifiers are entirely controlled by the new software so that all monochromator settings can be synchronized with the data acquisition enabling programmed scans with alternating parameter sets. This versatile concept also enables the user to react immediately to changes in the sample during in situ studies. An interface to a three-axis stepper motor control unit is additionally included to control a sample stage which can again be synchronized with the data acquisition. Thus, spatially resolved scans and the usage of scan tools for sample alignment are feasible with the new system. Typical examples to demonstrate the features of the new data acquisition system are presented, the designed graphical user interface is described in detail and, furthermore, the crucial design parameters of a typical QEXAFS set-up are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Stötzel
- Fachbereich C - Physik, Universität Wuppertal, Gaussstrasse 20, 42097 Wuppertal, Germany.
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Stötzel J, Lützenkirchen-Hecht D, Frahm R. A new flexible monochromator setup for quick scanning x-ray absorption spectroscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2010; 81:073109. [PMID: 20687707 DOI: 10.1063/1.3458015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A new monochromator setup for quick scanning x-ray absorption spectroscopy in the subsecond time regime is presented. Novel driving mechanics allow changing the energy range of the acquired spectra by remote control during data acquisition for the first time, thus dramatically increasing the flexibility and convenience of this method. Completely new experiments are feasible due to the fact that time resolution, edge energy, and energy range of the acquired spectra can be changed continuously within seconds without breaking the vacuum of the monochromator vessel and even without interrupting the measurements. The advanced mechanics are explained in detail and the performance is characterized with x-ray absorption spectra of pure metal foils. The energy scale was determined by a fast and accurate angular encoder system measuring the Bragg angle of the monochromator crystal with subarcsecond resolution. The Bragg angle range covered by the oscillating crystal can currently be changed from 0 degrees to 3.0 degrees within 20 s, while the mechanics are capable to move with frequencies of up to ca. 35 Hz, leading to ca. 14 ms/spectrum time resolution. A new software package allows performing programmed scan sequences, which enable the user to measure stepwise with alternating parameters in predefined time segments. Thus, e.g., switching between edges scanned with the same energy range is possible within one in situ experiment, while also the time resolution can be varied simultaneously. This progress makes the new system extremely user friendly and efficient to use for time resolved x-ray absorption spectroscopy at synchrotron radiation beamlines.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Stötzel
- Fachbereich C, Physik, Bergische Universität Wuppertal, Gaussstr. 20, 42097 Wuppertal, Germany.
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25
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Ginder-Vogel M, Sparks DL. The Impacts of X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy on Understanding Soil Processes and Reaction Mechanisms. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/s0166-2481(10)34001-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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