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Adsorption and electronic properties of pristine and Al-doped C60 fullerenes using N2O molecule: A theoretical study. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2022.120855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Wang P, Yan G, Zhu X, Du Y, Chen D, Zhang J. Heterofullerene MC 59 (M = B, Si, Al) as Potential Carriers for Hydroxyurea Drug Delivery. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11010115. [PMID: 33430313 PMCID: PMC7825758 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2020] [Revised: 12/28/2020] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
As a representative nanomaterial, C60 and its derivatives have drawn much attention in the field of drug delivery over the past years, due to their unique geometric and electronic structures. Herein, the interactions of hydroxyurea (HU) drug with the pristine C60 and heterofullerene MC59 (M = B, Si, Al) were investigated using the density functional theory calculations. The geometric and electronic properties in terms of adsorption configuration, adsorption energy, Hirshfeld charge, frontier molecular orbitals, and charge density difference are calculated. In contrast to pristine C60, it is found that HU molecule is chemisorbed on the BC59, SiC59, and AlC59 molecules with moderate adsorption energy and apparent charge transfer. Therefore, heterofullerene BC59, SiC59, and AlC59 are expected to be promising carriers for hydroxyurea drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (P.W.); (G.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.D.); (D.C.)
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Ge Yan
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (P.W.); (G.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.D.); (D.C.)
| | - Xiaodong Zhu
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (P.W.); (G.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.D.); (D.C.)
| | - Yingying Du
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (P.W.); (G.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.D.); (D.C.)
- Department of Physics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Da Chen
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (P.W.); (G.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.D.); (D.C.)
| | - Jinjuan Zhang
- College of Electronic and Information Engineering, Shandong University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266590, China; (P.W.); (G.Y.); (X.Z.); (Y.D.); (D.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-187-5425-3028
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Mwakisege JG, Schweitzer G, Mirzadeh S. Synthesis and Stability of Actinium-225 Endohedral Fullerenes, 225Ac@C 60. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:27016-27025. [PMID: 33134661 PMCID: PMC7594009 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We report the first synthesis of 225Ac (t 1/2 = 10 days) endohedral fullerenes,225Ac@C60. The 225Ac@C60 was produced with a 12 ± 2% efficiency by applying an electrical arc discharge between a source of α-particle emitter 225Ac (∼1 mCi, electroplated on a Pt disk) and a thin coat of "preformed" C60 on an Al disk (C60 thickness of ∼0.25 mg/cm2). After formation by electrical arc discharge, the resulting radiofullerenes on the Al disk were dissolved in toluene under anaerobic conditions and converted to a malonate derivative using the Bingel reaction. Subsequent to repeated washings of the organic phase with dilute acidic solutions to remove exohedral 225Ac, ∼45% of 225Ac activity was retained in the organic phase, which resisted extraction into the aqueous phase. Failure to extract the 225Ac from the organic phase provided definitive evidence that the 225Ac is located inside of the fullerene. The formation of 225Ac@C60 was further confirmed using a classical hot-atom chemistry technique in which the organic phase containing purified endohedral 225Ac@C60 malonate was contacted with fresh dilute acid to repeatedly extract the ionic 4.8 m 221Fr and 45.6 m 213Bi activities (decay daughters of 225Ac), which were released by molecular disruption due to nuclear recoil. The result from the extraction experiments was further supported by a series of thin-layer chromatography and high-pressure liquid chromatography analysis of the organic phase containing 225Ac@C60 or 225Ac@C60 malonate. Taken together, studies show that, like polydentate chelators, single-wall fullerenes are not capable of retaining the 225Ac decay daughters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jofa Gideon Mwakisege
- Isotope and Fuel
Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6229, United States
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, United States
| | - George Schweitzer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996-1600, United States
| | - Saed Mirzadeh
- Isotope and Fuel
Cycle Technology Division, Oak Ridge National
Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6229, United States
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Baei MT, Soltani A, Rajabzadeh H, Tazikeh-Lemeski E. Structural and electronic properties of XY-doped (AlN, AlP, GaN, GaP) C58 fullerenes: a DFT study. RUSS J INORG CHEM+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s0036023617080034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Oliva JM, Fernández-Barbero A, Serrano-Andrés L, Canle-L. M, Santaballa JA, Fernández MI. Energy landscapes in diexo and exo/endo isomers derived from Li2B12H12. Chem Phys Lett 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2010.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Wu MM, Sun Q, Wang Q, Jena P, Kawazoe Y. Doping induced anisotropic growth in C60. J Chem Phys 2009; 130:184714. [PMID: 19449950 DOI: 10.1063/1.3134115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Using density functional theory with generalized gradient approximation for exchange and correlation energy, we show that substitution of a Si atom at one of the C sites in C(60) not only allows C(59)Si to have a hydrophobic head with a hydrophilic tail but also the Si atom acts as a seed for anisotropic growth of the heterofullerene. This is demonstrated by interacting C(59)Si with N(7)Sc and B(8)Si. The resulting complex structures exhibit enhanced electric dipole moments and anisotropy. Thus, doping induced anisotropic growth of nanostructures provides a novel route for the synthesis of bifunctional particles with atomic-level control on selectivity and diversity. These particles may have important applications in biomedical, solar, and display industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miao Miao Wu
- Department of Advanced Materials and Nanotechnology and Center for Applied Physics and Technology, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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Structural, electronic, and magnetic properties of heterofullerene C58Si with odd number of atoms and a near planar tetracoordinate Si atom. J Mol Graph Model 2008; 26:1327-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2008.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2007] [Revised: 01/04/2008] [Accepted: 01/23/2008] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Ohtsuki T, Ohno K, Morisato T, Mitsugashira T, Hirose K, Yuki H, Kasagi J. Radioactive decay speedup at T=5 K: electron-capture decay rate of (7)Be encapsulated in C(60). PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2007; 98:252501. [PMID: 17678017 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.98.252501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2006] [Revised: 12/02/2006] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The electron-capture (EC) decay rate of (7)Be in C(60) at the temperature of liquid helium (T=5 K) was measured and compared with the rate in Be metal at T=293 K. We found that the half-life of (7)Be in endohedral C(60) ((7)Be@C(60)) at a temperature close to T=5 K is 52.47+/-0.04 d, a value that is 0.34% faster than that at T=293 K. In this environment, the half-life of (7)Be is nearly 1.5% faster than that inside Be metal at room temperature (T=293 K). We then interpreted our observations in terms of calculations of the electron density at the (7)Be nucleus position inside the C(60); further, we estimate theoretically the temperature dependence (at T=0 K and 293 K) of the electron density at the Be nucleus position in the stable center inside C(60). The theoretical estimates were almost in agreement with the experimental observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ohtsuki
- Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Tohoku University, Mikamine, Taihaku-ku, Sendai 982-0826, Japan
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Diener MD, Alford JM, Kennel SJ, Mirzadeh S. 212Pb@C60 and Its Water-Soluble Derivatives: Synthesis, Stability, and Suitability for Radioimmunotherapy. J Am Chem Soc 2007; 129:5131-8. [PMID: 17394315 DOI: 10.1021/ja068639b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Fullerenes could potentially play a valuable role in radioimmunotherapy by more stably encapsulating radionuclides, especially where conventional chelation chemistry is inadequate due to the physical and/or chemical properties of the radionuclide. One of the therapeutically useful radionuclides that requires improved containment in vivo is 212Pb (tau1/2 = 10.6 h), the beta-emitting parent to alpha-emitting 212Bi (tau1/2 = 60.6 min). Myelotoxicity resulting from the accumulation of 212Pb in the bone marrow has limited the use of this radionuclide despite its favorable decay characteristics. In this work, 212Pb@C60 and its malonic ester derivatives were prepared for the first time by allowing the 212Pb to recoil into C60 following alpha-decay from its parent, 0.15-s 216Po, generated in situ from the decay of 224Ra (tau1/2 = 15 days). Repeated washing of the organic phase containing the 212Pb@C60 malonic esters with challenge solutions containing cold Pb2+ ions demonstrated that some of the 212Pb could not be exchanged and was apparently inside of the fullerenes. Malonic esters of endohedral alpha-emitting 213Bi (tau1/2 = 45 min) fullerenes were prepared by an analogous procedure. Following acidification of the esters, a preliminary biodistribution study in mice was performed with the untargeted water-soluble radiofullerenes. It was found that 212Pb did not accumulate in bone after being administered as an endohedral fullerene, in contrast to results with polyhydroxylated radiofullerenes and conventional polyaminocarboxylate chelators for 212Pb. The results indicate that 212Pb is held more tightly in the fullerene than in other methods and suggest that fullerenes may have an important role in the targeted delivery of 212Pb.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael D Diener
- TDA Research Incorporated, 12345 West 52nd Avenue, Wheat Ridge, Colorado 80033 and Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 1 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6229, USA.
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Abstract
Density functional calculations and structural minimization techniques have been employed to characterize the structural and electronic properties of [5,6]-heterofullerene-like C(58)Ge. The heterofullerene molecule has an odd number of atoms on the skeleton of the cage and is a novel molecule. The vibrational frequencies of the molecule have been calculated at the B3LYP/3-21G level of theory. The absence of imaginary vibrational frequency confirms that the molecule corresponds to a true minimum on the potential energy hypersurface. Its heat of formation was estimated in this study. Since the symmetry of the molecule of [5,6]-heterofullerene-like C(58)Ge is C(2), it is a chiral molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Ling Liu
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Engineering Research Center of Pesticide and Medicine, Ministry of Education, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, People's Republic of China.
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Ren XY, Liu ZY. Structural and electronic properties of S-doped fullerene C58: Where is the S atom situated? J Chem Phys 2005; 122:34306. [PMID: 15740200 DOI: 10.1063/1.1830483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Structural and electronic properties of S-doped fullerene C58 were calculated systematically via Hartree-Fock self-consistent field (SCF) and density functional B3LYP levels of theory with 6-31G(d) basis set. The most stable C58S represents an open cage structure with a nine-member ring orifice, which provides a large hole for large atoms or small molecules to pass through into the cage. The most stable endohedral S@C58 has the S atom seated near the center of the C58 cage. The calculated highest occupied molecular orbital-lowest unoccupied molecular orbital energy gaps of the isomers lie in the range of 1.42-2.50 eV. The electron affinity and the ionization potential were also presented as an indicator of the kinetic stability. Our results may aid in the design of experimental methods for controlling the nature of fullerene cages (for example, doping, opening, and reclosing them).
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yuan Ren
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
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Ohtsuki T, Yuki H, Muto M, Kasagi J, Ohno K. Enhanced electron-capture decay rate of 7Be encapsulated in C60 cages. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2004; 93:112501. [PMID: 15447332 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.93.112501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2004] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
The decay rate of 7Be electron capture was measured in C60 and Be metal with a reference method. The half-life of 7Be endohedral C60 ((7)Be@C(60)) and 7Be in Be metal (Be metal (7Be)) is found to be 52.68+/-0.05 and 53.12+/-0.05 days, respectively. This amounts to a 0.83% difference in electron-capture decay half-life between (7)Be@C(60) and Be metal (7Be). Our result is a reflection of the different electron wave functions for (7)Be@C(60) inside C60 compared to the situation when 7Be is in a Be metal.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Ohtsuki
- Laboratory of Nuclear Science, Tohoku University, 1-2-1 Mikamine, Taihaku, Sendai 982-0826, Japan
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LU JING, ZHOU YUNSONG, LUO YIN, HUANG YUANHE, ZHANG XINWEI, ZHAO XIANGENG. Structural and electronic properties of heterofullerene C59P. Mol Phys 2001. [DOI: 10.1080/00268970110048879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
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