1
|
Tiwari G, Kupfer R, Jiao X, Gaul E, Hegelich BM. Gradient magnet design for simultaneous detection of electrons and positrons in the intermediate MeV range. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2019; 90:083304. [PMID: 31472603 DOI: 10.1063/1.5099155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/22/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
We report the design and development of a compact electron and positron spectrometer based on tapered neodymium iron boron magnets to characterize the pairs generated in laser-matter experiments. The tapered design forms a gradient magnetic field component allowing energy dependent focusing of the dispersed charged particles along a chosen detector plane. The mirror symmetric design allows for simultaneous detection of pairs with energies from 2 MeV to 500 MeV with an accuracy of ≤10% in the wide energy range from 5 to 110 MeV for a parallel beam incident on a circular aperture of 20 mm. The energy resolution drops to ≤20% for 4-90 MeV range for a divergent beam originating from a point source at 20 cm away (i.e., a solid angle of ∼8 milli steradians), with ≤10% accuracy still maintained in the narrower energy range from 10 to 55 MeV. It offers higher solid angle acceptance, even for the divergent beam, compared to the conventional pinhole aperture-based spectrometers. The proposed gradient magnet is suitable for the detection of low flux and/or monoenergetic type electron/positron beams with finite transverse sizes and offers unparalleled advantages for gamma-ray spectroscopy in the intermediate MeV range.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Tiwari
- Center for High Energy Density Science, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - R Kupfer
- Center for High Energy Density Science, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - X Jiao
- Center for High Energy Density Science, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - E Gaul
- National Energetics, 4616 West Howard Lane, Austin, Texas 78728, USA
| | - B M Hegelich
- Center for High Energy Density Science, Department of Physics, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kojima S, Ikenouchi T, Arikawa Y, Sakata S, Zhang Z, Abe Y, Nakai M, Nishimura H, Shiraga H, Ozaki T, Miyamoto S, Yamaguchi M, Takemoto A, Fujioka S, Azechi H. Development of Compton X-ray spectrometer for high energy resolution single-shot high-flux hard X-ray spectroscopy. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2016; 87:043502. [PMID: 27131669 DOI: 10.1063/1.4944864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Hard X-ray spectroscopy is an essential diagnostics used to understand physical processes that take place in high energy density plasmas produced by intense laser-plasma interactions. A bundle of hard X-ray detectors, of which the responses have different energy thresholds, is used as a conventional single-shot spectrometer for high-flux (>10(13) photons/shot) hard X-rays. However, high energy resolution (Δhv/hv < 0.1) is not achievable with a differential energy threshold (DET) X-ray spectrometer because its energy resolution is limited by energy differences between the response thresholds. Experimental demonstration of a Compton X-ray spectrometer has already been performed for obtaining higher energy resolution than that of DET spectrometers. In this paper, we describe design details of the Compton X-ray spectrometer, especially dependence of energy resolution and absolute response on photon-electron converter design and its background reduction scheme, and also its application to the laser-plasma interaction experiment. The developed spectrometer was used for spectroscopy of bremsstrahlung X-rays generated by intense laser-plasma interactions using a 200 μm thickness SiO2 converter. The X-ray spectrum obtained with the Compton X-ray spectrometer is consistent with that obtained with a DET X-ray spectrometer, furthermore higher certainly of a spectral intensity is obtained with the Compton X-ray spectrometer than that with the DET X-ray spectrometer in the photon energy range above 5 MeV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sadaoki Kojima
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Takahito Ikenouchi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yasunobu Arikawa
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Shohei Sakata
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Yuki Abe
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Mitsuo Nakai
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroaki Nishimura
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Shiraga
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Ozaki
- National Institute for Fusion Science, 322-6 Oroshi, Toki, Gifu 509-5292, Japan
| | - Shuji Miyamoto
- Laboratory of Advanced Science and Technology for Industry, University of Hyogo, 3-1-2 Kouto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1205, Japan
| | - Masashi Yamaguchi
- Laboratory of Advanced Science and Technology for Industry, University of Hyogo, 3-1-2 Kouto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1205, Japan
| | - Akinori Takemoto
- Laboratory of Advanced Science and Technology for Industry, University of Hyogo, 3-1-2 Kouto, Kamigori-cho, Ako-gun, Hyogo 678-1205, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Fujioka
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Azechi
- Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, 2-6 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Herrmann HW, Kim YH, Young CS, Fatherley VE, Lopez FE, Oertel JA, Malone RM, Rubery MS, Horsfield CJ, Stoeffl W, Zylstra AB, Shmayda WT, Batha SH. Extended performance gas Cherenkov detector for gamma-ray detection in high-energy density experiments. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2014; 85:11E124. [PMID: 25430303 DOI: 10.1063/1.4892553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A new Gas Cherenkov Detector (GCD) with low-energy threshold and high sensitivity, currently known as Super GCD (or GCD-3 at OMEGA), is being developed for use at the OMEGA Laser Facility and the National Ignition Facility (NIF). Super GCD is designed to be pressurized to ≤400 psi (absolute) and uses all metal seals to allow the use of fluorinated gases inside the target chamber. This will allow the gamma energy threshold to be run as low at 1.8 MeV with 400 psi (absolute) of C2F6, opening up a new portion of the gamma ray spectrum. Super GCD operating at 20 cm from TCC will be ∼400 × more efficient at detecting DT fusion gammas at 16.7 MeV than the Gamma Reaction History diagnostic at NIF (GRH-6m) when operated at their minimum thresholds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H W Herrmann
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - Y H Kim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - C S Young
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - V E Fatherley
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - F E Lopez
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J A Oertel
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - R M Malone
- National Security Technologies, LLC, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87544, USA
| | - M S Rubery
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Berkshire RG7 4PR, United Kingdom
| | - C J Horsfield
- Atomic Weapons Establishment, Aldermaston, Berkshire RG7 4PR, United Kingdom
| | - W Stoeffl
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - A B Zylstra
- Plasma Science and Fusion Center, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - W T Shmayda
- Laboratory for Laser Energetics, Rochester, New York 14623, USA
| | - S H Batha
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| |
Collapse
|