1
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Shokri S, Ebrahimi N, Sadeghi R. Combined experimental and computational investigation of tetrabutylammonium bromide-carboxylic acid-based deep eutectic solvents. J Mol Graph Model 2024; 131:108805. [PMID: 38838616 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2024.108805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2024] [Revised: 05/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
Aiming at shedding light on the molecular interactions in deep eutectic solvents (DESs), the DESs based on tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA) and carboxylic acids (CAs) (formic acid (FA), oxalic acid (OA), and malonic acid (MA)) as hydrogen bond donor (HBD) were investigated by both experimental and theoretical techniques. The thermal behaviors of the prepared DESs were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) method. In order to study the hydrogen bond formation between the DESs constituents, the FT-IR analysis was carried out. The large positive deviations of the iso solvent activity lines of ternary HBA + HBD + 2-propanol mixtures determined by the isopiestic technique from the semi-ideal behavior indicate that CAs interact strongly with TBAB and therefore they can form DESs. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations were performed to present an atomic-scale image of the components and describe the microstructure of DESs. From the MD simulations, the radial distribution functions (RDFs), coordination numbers (CNs), combined distribution functions (CDFs), and spatial distribution functions (SDFs) were calculated to investigate the interaction between the components and three-dimensional visualization of the DESs. The obtained results confirmed the importance of hydrogen bonds in the formation of TBAB/CAs DESs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sahar Shokri
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 66177-15175, Iran
| | - Nosaibah Ebrahimi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 66177-15175, Iran
| | - Rahmat Sadeghi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, 66177-15175, Iran.
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2
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Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents Based on Cineole and Organic Acids. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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3
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Malik A, Dhattarwal HS, Kashyap HK. An Overview of Structure and Dynamics Associated with Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents and Their Applications in Extraction Processes. Chemphyschem 2022; 23:e202200239. [PMID: 35702808 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202200239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Recent development of novel water-immiscible green solvents known as hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) has opened the gates for applications requiring media where presence of water is undesirable. Ever since they were prepared, researchers have used HDESs in diverse fields such as extraction processes, CO 2 sequestration, membrane formation, and catalysis. The microstructure and dynamics associated with the species comprising HDESs guide their suitability for specific applications. For example, varying the alkyl tail length of HDES components significantly affects the dynamics of the components and thus helps in tuning the efficiency of extraction processes. The development of HDESs is still in infancy and very few theoretical studies are available in the literature that help in understanding the structure and dynamics of HDESs. This review highlights the recent work focused on the microscopic structure and dynamics of HDESs and their potential applications, particularly in extraction processes. We have also provided a glimpse of how the integration of experiments and computational techniques can help understand the mechanism of extraction processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay Malik
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Chemistry, Hauz Khas, 110016, New Delhi, INDIA
| | - Harender S Dhattarwal
- IIT Delhi: Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Chemistry, Hauz Khas, 110016, New Delhi, INDIA
| | - Hemant Kumar Kashyap
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Department of Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, 110016, New Delhi, INDIA
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4
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Dawass N, Langeveld J, Ramdin M, Pérez-Gallent E, Villanueva AA, Giling EJM, Langerak J, van den Broeke LJP, Vlugt TJH, Moultos OA. Solubilities and Transport Properties of CO 2, Oxalic Acid, and Formic Acid in Mixed Solvents Composed of Deep Eutectic Solvents, Methanol, and Propylene Carbonate. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:3572-3584. [PMID: 35507866 PMCID: PMC9125562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c01425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
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Recently, deep eutectic
solvents (DES) have been considered as
possible electrolytes for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to value-added products such as formic and oxalic acids.
The applicability of pure DES as electrolytes is hindered by high
viscosities. Mixtures of DES with organic solvents can be a promising
way of designing superior electrolytes by exploiting the advantages
of each solvent type. In this study, densities, viscosities, diffusivities,
and ionic conductivities of mixed solvents comprising DES (i.e., reline
and ethaline), methanol, and propylene carbonate were computed using
molecular simulations. To provide a quantitative assessment of the
affinity and mass transport of CO2 and oxalic and formic
acids in the mixed solvents, the solubilities and self-diffusivities
of these solutes were also computed. Our results show that the addition
of DES to the organic solvents enhances the solubilities of oxalic
and formic acids, while the solubility of CO2 in the ethaline-containing
mixtures are in the same order of magnitude with the respective pure
organic components. A monotonic increase in the densities and viscosities
of the mixed solvents is observed as the mole fraction of DES in the
mixture increases, with the exception of the density of ethaline-propylene
carbonate which shows the opposite behavior due to the high viscosity
of the pure organic component. The self-diffusivities of all species
in the mixtures significantly decrease as the mole fraction of DES
approaches unity. Similarly, the self-diffusivities of the dissolved
CO2 and the oxalic and formic acids also decrease by at
least 1 order of magnitude as the composition of the mixture shifts
from the pure organic component to pure DES. The computed ionic conductivities
of all mixed solvents show a maximum value for mole fractions of DES
in the range from 0.2 to 0.6 and decrease as more DES is added to
the mixtures. Since for most mixtures studied here no prior experimental
measurements exist, our findings can serve as a first data set based
on which further investigation of DES-containing electrolyte solutions
can be performed for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to useful chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Dawass
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jilles Langeveld
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mahinder Ramdin
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Pérez-Gallent
- Department of Sustainable Process and Energy Systems, TNO, Delft, Zuid-Holland 2628CA, The Netherlands
| | - Angel A Villanueva
- Department of Sustainable Process and Energy Systems, TNO, Delft, Zuid-Holland 2628CA, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin J M Giling
- Department of Sustainable Process and Energy Systems, TNO, Delft, Zuid-Holland 2628CA, The Netherlands
| | - Jort Langerak
- Research and Development Department, DMT Environmental Technology, Yndustrywei 3, 8501SN Joure, The Netherlands
| | - Leo J P van den Broeke
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Thijs J H Vlugt
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Othonas A Moultos
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
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5
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Kivelä H, Salomäki M, Vainikka P, Mäkilä E, Poletti F, Ruggeri S, Terzi F, Lukkari J. Effect of Water on a Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvent. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:513-527. [PMID: 35001628 PMCID: PMC8785191 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c08170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) formed by hydrogen bond donors and acceptors are a promising new class of solvents. Both hydrophilic and hydrophobic binary DESs readily absorb water, making them ternary mixtures, and a small water content is always inevitable under ambient conditions. We present a thorough study of a typical hydrophobic DES formed by a 1:2 mole ratio of tetrabutyl ammonium chloride and decanoic acid, focusing on the effects of a low water content caused by absorbed water vapor, using multinuclear NMR techniques, molecular modeling, and several other physicochemical techniques. Already very low water contents cause dynamic nanoscale phase segregation, reduce solvent viscosity and fragility, increase self-diffusion coefficients and conductivity, and enhance local dynamics. Water interferes with the hydrogen-bonding network between the chloride ions and carboxylic acid groups by solvating them, which enhances carboxylic acid self-correlation and ion pair formation between tetrabutyl ammonium and chloride. Simulations show that the component molar ratio can be varied, with an effect on the internal structure. The water-induced changes in the physical properties are beneficial for most prospective applications but water creates an acidic aqueous nanophase with a high halide ion concentration, which may have chemically adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henri Kivelä
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- Turku
University Centre for Surfaces and Materials (MatSurf), FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Mikko Salomäki
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- Turku
University Centre for Surfaces and Materials (MatSurf), FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Petteri Vainikka
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Ermei Mäkilä
- Department
of Physics and Astronomy, University of
Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- Doctoral
School for Chemical and Physical Sciences, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
| | - Fabrizio Poletti
- Electrochemical
Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi, 103, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Stefano Ruggeri
- Electrochemical
Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi, 103, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Fabio Terzi
- Electrochemical
Sensors Group, Department of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi, 103, I-41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Jukka Lukkari
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Turku, FI-20014 Turku, Finland
- Turku
University Centre for Surfaces and Materials (MatSurf), FI-20014 Turku, Finland
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6
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Tolmachev D, Lukasheva N, Ramazanov R, Nazarychev V, Borzdun N, Volgin I, Andreeva M, Glova A, Melnikova S, Dobrovskiy A, Silber SA, Larin S, de Souza RM, Ribeiro MCC, Lyulin S, Karttunen M. Computer Simulations of Deep Eutectic Solvents: Challenges, Solutions, and Perspectives. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:645. [PMID: 35054840 PMCID: PMC8775846 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2021] [Revised: 01/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are one of the most rapidly evolving types of solvents, appearing in a broad range of applications, such as nanotechnology, electrochemistry, biomass transformation, pharmaceuticals, membrane technology, biocomposite development, modern 3D-printing, and many others. The range of their applicability continues to expand, which demands the development of new DESs with improved properties. To do so requires an understanding of the fundamental relationship between the structure and properties of DESs. Computer simulation and machine learning techniques provide a fruitful approach as they can predict and reveal physical mechanisms and readily be linked to experiments. This review is devoted to the computational research of DESs and describes technical features of DES simulations and the corresponding perspectives on various DES applications. The aim is to demonstrate the current frontiers of computational research of DESs and discuss future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitry Tolmachev
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Natalia Lukasheva
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Ruslan Ramazanov
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Victor Nazarychev
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Natalia Borzdun
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Igor Volgin
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Maria Andreeva
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Artyom Glova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Sofia Melnikova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Alexey Dobrovskiy
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Steven A. Silber
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada;
- The Centre of Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
| | - Sergey Larin
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Rafael Maglia de Souza
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-070, Brazil; (R.M.d.S.); (M.C.C.R.)
| | - Mauro Carlos Costa Ribeiro
- Departamento de Química Fundamental, Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Lineu Prestes 748, São Paulo 05508-070, Brazil; (R.M.d.S.); (M.C.C.R.)
| | - Sergey Lyulin
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Mikko Karttunen
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoy pr. 31, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia; (N.L.); (R.R.); (V.N.); (N.B.); (I.V.); (M.A.); (A.G.); (S.M.); (A.D.); (S.L.); (S.L.)
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada;
- The Centre of Advanced Materials and Biomaterials Research, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Western Ontario, 1151 Richmond Street, London, ON N6A 5B7, Canada
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7
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Salehi HS, Moultos OA, Vlugt TJH. Interfacial Properties of Hydrophobic Deep Eutectic Solvents with Water. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:12303-12314. [PMID: 34719232 PMCID: PMC8591605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.1c07796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
![]()
Hydrophobic deep
eutectic solvents (DESs) have recently gained
much attention as water-immiscible solvents for a wide range of applications.
However, very few studies exist in which the hydrophobicity of these
DESs is quantified. In this work, the interfacial properties of hydrophobic
DESs with water were computed at various temperatures using molecular
dynamics simulations. The considered DESs were tetrabutylammonium
chloride–decanoic acid (TBAC–dec) with a molar ratio
of 1:2, thymol–decanoic acid (Thy–dec) with a molar
ratio of 1:2, and dl-menthol–decanoic acid (Men–dec)
with a molar ratio of 2:1. The following properties were investigated
in detail: interfacial tensions, water-in-DES solubilities (and salt-in-water
solubilities for TBAC–dec/water), density profiles, and the
number densities of hydrogen bonds. Different ionic charge scaling
factors were used for TBAC–dec. Thy–dec and Men–dec
showed a high level of hydrophobicity with negligible computed water-in-DES
solubilities. For charge scaling factors of 0.7 and 1 for the thymol
and decanoic acid components of Thy–dec, the computed interfacial
tensions of the DESs are in the following order: TBAC–dec (ca.
4 mN m–1) < Thy–dec (20 mN m–1) < Men–dec (26 mN m–1). The two sets
of charge scaling factors for Thy–dec did not lead to different
density profiles but resulted in considerable differences in the DES/water
interfacial tensions due to different numbers of decanoic acid–water
hydrogen bonds at the interfaces. Large peaks were observed for the
density profiles of (the hydroxyl oxygen of) decanoic acid at the
interfaces of all DES/water mixtures, indicating a preferential alignment
of the oxygen atoms of decanoic acid toward the aqueous phase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirad S Salehi
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Othonas A Moultos
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Thijs J H Vlugt
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
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8
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Abbott AP, Edler KJ, Page AJ. Deep eutectic solvents-The vital link between ionic liquids and ionic solutions. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:150401. [PMID: 34686062 DOI: 10.1063/5.0072268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
When selecting a solvent for a given solute, the strongly held idiom "like dissolves like", meaning that polar solvents are used for polar solutes, is often used. This idea has resulted from the concept that most molecular solvents are homogeneous. In a deep eutectic solvent (DES), however, both components can be ionic or non-ionic, polar or non-polar. By tuning the components, DESs can solubilize a wide variety of solutes, often mixing hydrophobic and hydrophilic components, and the mixture can be designed to control phase behavior. The liquids often contain significant short-length order, and preferential solvation of one component often occurs. The addition of small polar molecules such as water or alcohols results in non-homogeneous liquids, which have significantly decreased viscosity and increased ionic conductivity. Accordingly, the areas covered in this special issue focus on structure and dynamics, solvation, the mobility of charged species, and the ability to obtain controllable phase behavior by adding polar diluents or using hydrophobic DESs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew P Abbott
- School of Chemistry, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Karen J Edler
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom
| | - Alister J Page
- School of Environmental and Life Sciences, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, Australia
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9
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Salehi HS, Polat HM, de Meyer F, Houriez C, Coquelet C, Vlugt TJH, Moultos OA. Vapor pressures and vapor phase compositions of choline chloride urea and choline chloride ethylene glycol deep eutectic solvents from molecular simulation. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:114504. [PMID: 34551525 DOI: 10.1063/5.0062408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the widespread acknowledgment that deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have negligible vapor pressures, very few studies in which the vapor pressures of these solvents are measured or computed are available. Similarly, the vapor phase composition is known for only a few DESs. In this study, for the first time, the vapor pressures and vapor phase compositions of choline chloride urea (ChClU) and choline chloride ethylene glycol (ChClEg) DESs are computed using Monte Carlo simulations. The partial pressures of the DES components were obtained from liquid and vapor phase excess Gibbs energies, computed using thermodynamic integration. The enthalpies of vaporization were computed from the obtained vapor pressures, and the results were in reasonable agreement with the few available experimental data in the literature. It was found that the vapor phases of both DESs were dominated by the most volatile component (hydrogen bond donor, HBD, i.e., urea or ethylene glycol), i.e., 100% HBD in ChClEg and 88%-93% HBD in ChClU. Higher vapor pressures were observed for ChClEg compared to ChClU due to the higher volatility of ethylene glycol compared to urea. The influence of the liquid composition of the DESs on the computed properties was studied by considering different mole fractions (i.e., 0.6, 0.67, and 0.75) of the HBD. Except for the partial pressure of ethylene glycol in ChClEg, all the computed partial pressures and enthalpies of vaporization showed insensitivity toward the liquid composition. The activity coefficient of ethylene glycol in ChClEg was computed at different liquid phase mole fractions, showing negative deviations from Raoult's law.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hirad S Salehi
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - H Mert Polat
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Frédérick de Meyer
- CCUS and Acid Gas Entity, Liquefied Natural Gas Department, Exploration Production, Total Energies S.E., 92078 Paris, France
| | - Céline Houriez
- CTP - Centre of Thermodynamics of Processes, Mines ParisTech, PSL University, 35 rue Saint Honoré, 77305 Fontainebleau, France
| | - Christophe Coquelet
- CTP - Centre of Thermodynamics of Processes, Mines ParisTech, PSL University, 35 rue Saint Honoré, 77305 Fontainebleau, France
| | - Thijs J H Vlugt
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Othonas A Moultos
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
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10
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Abbas UL, Qiao Q, Nguyen MT, Shi J, Shao Q. Structure and hydrogen bonds of hydrophobic deep eutectic
solvent‐aqueous liquid–liquid
interfaces. AIChE J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Usman L. Abbas
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky USA
| | - Qi Qiao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky USA
| | - Manh Tien Nguyen
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky USA
| | - Jian Shi
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky USA
| | - Qing Shao
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering University of Kentucky Lexington Kentucky USA
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11
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Srinivasan H, Sharma VK, Mitra S. Water accelerates the hydrogen-bond dynamics and abates heterogeneity in deep eutectic solvent based on acetamide and lithium perchlorate. J Chem Phys 2021; 155:024505. [PMID: 34266283 DOI: 10.1063/5.0054942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have become a prevalent and promising medium in various industrial applications. The addition of water to DESs has attracted a lot of attention as a scheme to modulate their functionalities and improve their physicochemical properties. In this work, we study the effects of water on an acetamide based DES by probing its microscopic structure and dynamics using classical molecular dynamics simulation. It is observed that, at low water content, acetamide still remains the dominant solvate in the first solvation shell of lithium ions, however, beyond 10 wt. %, it is replaced by water. The increase in the water content in the solvent accelerates the H-bond dynamics by drastically decreasing the lifetimes of acetamide-lithium H-bond complexes. Additionally, water-lithium H-bond complexes are also found to form, with systematically longer lifetimes in comparison to acetamide-lithium complexes. Consequently, the diffusivity and ionic conductivity of all the species in the DES are found to increase substantially. Non-Gaussianity parameters for translational motions of acetamide and water in the DES show a conspicuous decrease with addition of water in the system. The signature of jump-like reorientation of acetamide is observed in the DES by quantifying the deviation from rotational Brownian motion. However, a notable decrease in the deviation is observed with an increase in the water content in the DES. This study demonstrates the intricate connection between H-bond dynamics and various microscopic dynamical parameters in the DES, by investigating the modulation of the former with addition of water.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Srinivasan
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - V K Sharma
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - S Mitra
- Solid State Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
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